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Oldand[\|ew  St.  LOUIS: 


A   CONCISE    HISTORY    OF    THE    METROPOLIS    OF   THE    WEST   AND    SOUTHWEST, 

WITH    A    REVIEW    OF    ITS    PRESENT    GREATNESS    AND 

IMMEDIATE    PROSPECTS, 


BY 


J  7X  7V^  E  S     COX. 

Author  of  "St.    I.ottis    TltroHoh  a   Camera,"    "The    Carnival    City  of  t  lie    World"    "Missouri  at  the 

World's   l-'air"     "(hn    <)7r>/    Coinilrv"    c^V. 


Willi     A 


BIOCRHPHICHL    APPENDIX. 


COMPIl.hlJ    BY     THr. 


CBNTRAL     HIOCxK  A  PH  ICA  I.     t'LT  H  L  1  S  I  I  I  X  (  ^     CO. 


y 


ST.    LOL^IS,    I.S04: 
CHNTl^AI.    B1()(1RAPHI(:A1.    publishing    CO. 

lin-     SUNDAY     MIRROR. 

I  .ir>  IMi.llT,    IS'.PI.    K.    W.    MATllKIl 


I 

CONTINENTAl 

PRINTING  CO., 

51;  North 

Third  Street. 

—w-ST.  LOUIS. 

^_^ 

stack 
Annex 


PUBLISHERS'  NOTICE. 

THE  PUBLICATION  of  "Old  and  New  St.  Louis"  has  been  delayed  far  beyond 
the  wishes  of  the  publishers  by  the  immense  amount  of  work  which  had  to 
be  done,  not  onl\-  in  securino;  data  concerning  the  li\-es  and  achievements  of 
pmminent  men  in  the  cit\-,  but  also  in  hax'ing  the  necessar\-  steel  plates  made.  A  large 
number  of  gentlemen  who  could  not  possibly  be  excluded  from  a  work  of  this  character 
ha\-e  been  absent  from  the  city,  and  neither  photographs  nor  biographical  data  could  be 
obtained  until  the\-  returned.  The  completeness  of  the  work  and  the  unprecedented 
and  uniform  excellence  of  the  plates  is  ample  justification  for  the  dela\-. 

The  introductor\-  and  historical  chapters  ha\e  been  in  print  for  upwards  of  a  year, 
and  since  they  were  written  a  number  of  e\'ents  haw  taken  place  which  have  greatly 
affected  the  cit\-'s  standing  and  its  prospects.  The  hnancial  depression  of  189^  has 
been  succeeded  by  a  period  of  healthy  reaction.  No  cit>-  in  the  United  States  with- 
stood the  panic  in  such  a  thon)Ughl\-  satisfactory  manner  as  St.  Louis,  which  has  the 
proud  record  of  no  bank  failure  for  a  period  of  nearl>-  nine  \'ears.  St.  Louis  generally 
is  in  a  much  better  condition  tinanciall\-  and  commercially  than  it  was  when  the  earlier 
chapters  of  this  work  were  prepared,  and  it  now  stands  before  the  world  a  model  of 
financial  strength  and  of  conser\ati\e  progressiwness. 

The  largest  Union  Railroad  Station  in  the  world,  described  in  Chapter  V.,  was  com- 
pleted during  the  summer  of  iH()4  and  oixMied  with  befitting  ceremonies  at  the  com- 
mencemenl  of  the  fall  festixities  season.  In  ever\-  respect  the  depot  has  prowd  to  be 
superior  to  expectation,  and  the  words  of  praise  written  in  anticipation  of  the  completion 
of  the  work  seem  feeble  and  inadequate  in  \iew  of  the  magnificent  realization. 

The  Planters  Hotel,  also  described  as  in  course  of  construction,  was  ct)mpleted 
shortly  after  the  New  Union  Station  and  was  opened  to  the  public  immediately.  Like 
the  magnificent  structure  fourteen  blocks  farther  west,  the  Planters  Hotel— referred  to 
in  this  work  as  the  New  Planters  House,  its  exact  title  not  ha\-ing  been  determined 
upon  until  a  recent  date  far  exceeds  expectation.  It  is  declared  b\-  experts  to  be  one 
of  the  tinest  hotels  in  the  world,  and  m  man>-  most  important  respects  it  is  absolutely 


lCi/C«.iUf  CI 


unsurpassed  and  indeed  unapproached.  In  the  BioLiraphical  A[ipendi.\  a  record  will  be 
found  of  the  lives  of  some  of  the  men  who  ha\'e  ,L;i\-en  to  St.  Louis  this  noble  hostelrx', 
and  more  particularh'  should  credit  be  .^ix'en  to  Mr.  Isaac  S.  Taylor.  This  accomplished 
architect  not  onl\'  conceix'ed  tlu-  unique  plan  upon  which  the  hotel  is  constructed,  but 
also  superintended  the  work  in  e\-er\'  detail,  preparing  six'cial  desiiins  on  ex'ery  possible 
opportvinit\'  and  earning  the  praise  and  commendation,  not  only  of  the  owners  of  the 
hotel,  but  also  of  the  public  w'enerally  and  of  tlie  trax'elin^  fraternitw 

The  Autumnal  Festix'ities  Association,  whose  work  is  described  in  Chapter  VII., 
ha\-in,L!;  completed  its  program,  went  out  of  existence  on  October  <>,  1894,  to  be  suc- 
ceeded b\-  the  Business  Men's  League,  another  or.^anization  which  is  iustl\'  entitled  to 
be  included  in  the  list  of  "aids  to  progress."  The  Veiled  Prophet  made  his  annual 
x'isit  in  October,  preceded  a  few  da\'s  by  King  Hotu,  who,  with  his  Funny  Fellows, 
gave  the  first  of  a  series  of  annual  daxiight  parades.  The  city's  record  as  a  convention 
gathering  place  has  been  more  than  maintained,  and  thf  Trans-Mississippi  Con\-ention, 
lield  at  the  Exposition  Building  in  Nox'ember,  brought  to  the  city  representative  men 
from  all  the  Vv^estern  States. 

Another  e\-ent  of  importance  to  St.  Louis,  not  referred  to  at  length  in  the  historical 
chapters  for  ob\'ious  reasons,  was  the  lauiiching  of  the  Steamship  St.  Louis  at  Philadel- 
phia on  November  12,  1894.  This  magnificent  steamship,  the  largest  e\'er  constructed 
jn  America,  will  carr\-  the  American  tlag  between  the  United  States  and  Europe.  As 
soon  as  work  commenced  on  this  vessel,  the  Bureau  of  Information  of  the  Autumnal 
Festivities  Association  entered  into  communication  with  Mr.  Griscom,  president  of  the 
International  Navigation  Company,  and  suggested  to  him  that  the  ship  be  named 
"St.  Louis,"  in  honor  of  the  great  metropolis  of  the  West  and  Southwest.  The  sugges- 
tion was  favorably  entertained,  and  subsequently  a  meeting  was  called  at  the  mayor's 
office  which  resulted  in  a  committee  being  appointed  to  \isit  Philadelphia.  On  their 
arrival  at  the  City  of  Brotherly  Love  the  committee  found  that  the  request  already  made 
to  President  Griscom  had  been  complied  with.  It  accordingly  pledged  the  city  to  make 
a  suitable  presentation  to  the  ship  in  recognition  of  the  courtesy  extended.  A  large 
part\-  of  St.  Louisans  went  to  Philadelphia  to  be  present  at  the  launching,  and  when  tlie 
great  ship  commenced  to  glide  gracefully  into  the  water,  Mrs.  Cleveland  broke  a  bottle 
of  St.  Louis  champagne  upon  it  and  christened  it  in  due  form. 

During  1894  a  practical  test  has  been  made  of  the  new  water-works,  which  C(^me 
up  to  every  expectation.     The  street  car  equipment  of  the  cit\-  has  also  been  x'astly 


l'ri',LlSIII:RS  N()77C/-:.  V 

iniprn\-ed.  The  tabic  of  milea.a;e  o;i\-en  on  pa.t^e  77  does  not  now  represent  the  actual 
milea;^e  of  St.  Louis  street  railwax's.  Thus  the  Union  Depot  system,  which  is  credited 
with  fifty-fi\e  miles  of  track,  lias  now  se\-enty-si.\  miles.  The  most  important  addition 
to  its  serx'ice  has  been  the  Grand  Avenue  division,  the  work  on  which  is  now  nearly 
complete,  and  which  will  i-iro\-ide  a  most  important  north  and  south  roaii.  The  Lindell 
company  has  increased  its  milea.i^e  from  forty-one  to  l"ift\--fi\-e  miles.  The  most  impor- 
tant addition  to  its  serxice  has  been  the  Compton  Heights  dixision,  with  a  total  mileage 
of  ele\-en.  This  line  connects  the  Eads  Bridge  and  the  new  Union  Station  with  a  dis- 
trict in  the  southwest  which  is  wry  thickdy  populated.  The  Baden  Railway  Company 
has  ceased  to  exist,  and  the  old  horse-car  line  has  been  replaced  by  a  double-track 
electric  road,  operated  b\'  the  owners  of  the  Broadway  cable.  The  total  mileage  of  track 
in  the  cit\'  is  now  2.d6,  with  forty-ti\e  additional  miles  authorized  and  about  to  be  con- 
structed. At  the  present  time  the  percentage  of  cable  to  electric  road  is  as  one  and 
eight.  This  percentage  will  be  still  further  decreased  by  the  substitutit)n  of  electricity 
for  cable  power  on  the  Citizen's  road,  or  Franklin  A\-enue  cable,  as  it  is  more  generally 
called,  the  change  being  now  nearly  complete. 
St.  Lotus,  December,  1894. 


>«!^ 


Table  of  contents. 

C  H  A  P  T  K  R      1  .  ,..v;e. 

()i.i)  .St.  Loi'i.s:      Imoiii  the  Houii<liiig  of  the  Trading    I'o.sl   in    17114    lo  tlie  Adoption   of  llie 

City  vScheine  and  Charter  in  1IS7I),  .........  i| 

CHAl'TlvR      II. 

Xkw  St.  Loi'i.s:     Some  of  the  Inflnences  whicli    lironj^ht  .\l)onl  tlie  City's  Second  Rirtli. — 

A  Succession  of  Triumphs,  ----------  211 

CHAPTER     III. 

.M.\.\l'K.\CTrRK.s:      .\    Brief    Summary    of    the    Immense    Importance    of    the    Manufacturing 

Interests  of  New  St.  Louis,     ---.--.....         -21 

CHAPTER     IV. 

Tradk   .\x\1)  Co.m.mkrck:      St.  Louis  Territory  and  the  Way  in  which  Its  Orders  for  Mercluui- 

dise  are  E.xecuted,        ------------  4.') 

C  H  A  P  T  K  K     \'. 

R.\ii.RO.\i)  .\NU  RivKR  Facilities:  The  Best  Railroad  Center  in  the  United  States. — The 
Largest  City  on  the  Largest  River  in  the  World. — The  Largest  Railroad  Station  in 
the  World,  '---'-----------.-,;•; 

C  H  A  P  T  !•:  R      \-  I  . 

R  A  I'll)  Transit  a.M)  Its  Influences:  Early  vStruggles  of  Omnibus  and  Street  Car  Com- 
panies.— The  Introduction  of  Cable  and  Electric  Power. — The  Effect  on  Improvements 
and  \'alues,  -------------  7(1 

C  H  .\  P  T  E  R      \"  I  I  . 

SdMi:   .\iii.s  TO  Prockess:     The  \'eiled  Prophet,  .\utnuinal  Festivities  Association.  lUuuii- 

nations,  P^.xpositiou  and  Fair. — Conventions. — Commercial  ( )rgauizations,        -  -  Til 

C  H  A  P  T  E  R      \'  I  I  I  . 

Im.nanck   AM)   B.\XKI\(;:      New  St.  Louis  an  Important  l'"inancial  Center. — Bank  Clearings. — 

Trust  Coui]ianies  and  Building  .Associations,         -------  s'l 

C  H  .V  P  T  I'.  R      IX. 

P.ni.DiNC,  Improvements:  One  Hundred  Miles  of  Street  Frontage  Built  Upon  in  Three 
Years. — History  of  the  Fire-Proof  Office-Building  Era. — Investments  and  Improve- 
ments and  Tiieir  Influence  u])on  \alnes,  -  -  -  -  -  -  .  ;)4 

C  H  A  P  T  V.  R     X  . 

MuNiciTAL    Development:     The    Xew  Water- Works. — Xew  Citv    Hall. — Xew  St.  Louis, 

the  Pioneer  in  Street  Sprinkling  and  I'.lcctric  Lighting,        -  .  -  -  .  10.") 

cn.\PTi-;R    XI. 

SocLM.  .\i)\anta(;es:  .\  Clean  Bill  of  Health  and  Its  Causes. — FCducational  Facilities. — 
An. — Libraries. — Churches. — .Mnsic. — Tlieaters. — Clubs.  —  Hotels. — Bench  and  Bar. 
— Medical. — ^^[onrualism,  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -  -        H.'i 

BloCK  Al'IlK'AI.    .\lM'l-;.Mil.\,       ------------  131 

Oeneral  Index, 5(39 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


CHAPTKR     I. 

OLD   ST.  LOUIS. 

FROM    THH    FOUNDING    OF    THE    TR.ADING    POST    IN    ivCh,   TO    THE    ADOPTION    OF    THE    CITY 

SCHEME    AND    CHARTER    IN    1876. 


:iv  TR.XniXO  POST  from  which  lias 
,<^ro\vii  the  fiftli  lar.y;est  city  in  the 
United  States  was  estahlished  in  ITiiT, 
in  which  year  Aiiguste  Chouteau,  witli 
aliont  thirty  followers,  landed  at  the 
foot  of  what  is  now  known  as  Walnut 
The  founders  of  the  city  erected  a  few 
li>i^  cabins  on  the  ground  subsequently  occupied 
by  Barnum's  Hotel,  and  here  they  were  joined 
by  Pierre  Liguest  Laclede  (or  Pierre  Laclede 
Liguest,  as  he  seems  to  ha\'e  signed  his  name), 
by  whose  directions  the  settlement  had  been 
made.  Authorities  differ  concerning  the  origin 
of  the  name  by  which  the  city  has  been  known 
from  the  first.  The  theory  generally  accepted 
to-day  is  that  Laclede  christened  the  settlement 
"St.  Louis"  in  honor  of  the  canonized  monarch 
of  Prance,  though  quite  a  large  number  of  well- 
informed  writers  assert  that  he  ga\-e  it  the  name 
as  a  mark  of  respect  and  loyalty  to  Louis  X\'., 
who  then  occupied  the  French  throne,  and  whose 
patron  saint  was  Louis  IX.  In  e-xjilanation  of 
this  latter  theory,  it  is  argued  that  Laclede  was 
not  aware  that  the  terrilorv  west  of  the  Missis- 
sipjii  Ki\er  had  been  ceded  to  Spain,  and  that 
he  only  learned  of  his  error  the  following  year, 
when,  to  his  intense  grief  and  disgust,  he 
became  acquainted  with  the  teniis  of  the  treaty 
of    Paris    of    170;?.       Rut,    however   this    mav 


have  been,  the  early  settlers  were  almost  exclu- 
sively P'rench;  and,  although  the  territory  was 
nominally  under  Spanish  government,  little  ef- 
fort was  made  to  assert  authority  or  to  introduce 
the  Spanish  language  or  customs.  The  history 
of  the  trading  post  during  the  eighteenth  cen- 
tury has  been  written  at  length  by  se\'eral  com- 
petent authorities.  The  adventures  of  the  hardy 
pioneers  were  more  thrilling  than  important, 
and  for  the  purposes  of  this  review  it  is  suffi- 
cient to  state  that  when  the  famous  Louisiana 
purchase  was  completed  in  the  year  LS03,  the 
population  of  St.  Louis  was  still  less  than  a 
thousand,  with  Carondelet  as  a  separate  trading 
post  or  town,  with  a  population  about  one-fifth 
that  of  vSt.  Louis  itself. 

An  excellent  pen  picture  of  St.  Louis  at  the 
time  of  its  passing  into  the  hands  of  the  United 
States  is  gi\en  by  Richard  Edwards  in  his 
"Great  We.st."  "There  was,"  we  are  told, 
"but  one  baker  in  the  town,  by  the  name  of 
LeClerc,  who  baked  for  the  garrison,  and  who 
lived  in  Main  street,  between  what  is  now 
known  as  Llm  and  Walnut.  There  were  three 
blacksmiths,  Delosicr,  who  resided  in  j\Iain 
street,  near  Morgan;  Recontre,  who  lived  in 
Main,  near  Carr,  and  Valois,  who  resided  in 
Main,  near  Elm,  and  did  the  work  for  the  gov- 
ernment.   There  was  but  one  physician,  who  was 


10 


OLD  A.\D  Nl-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


Dr.  Saugrain,  who  practiced  many  years  after 
the  territory  passed  into  tlie  possession  of  the 
American  government,  and  who  li\ed  on  vSccond 
street.  ■' ^-  I  '    \'    ■,      .         '  t    ■   .-  -,  , 

"  There  were  buti  iwd  little  Freii,cli|  taverns  m/ 
the  town,  one  kept  by  Yostic,  and  the  otlier  by 
Landreville,  chiefly  to  accommodate  the  loiirirrs 
dcs  bois  (hunters)  and  the  z'oyagciirs  (boatmen) 
of  the  Mississippi.  These  little  taverns,  visited 
bv  the  brave,  daring  and  reckless  men,  who  • 
lived  three-fourths  of  the  time  remote  from  civ- 
ilization, in  the  wild  solitudes  of  the  forests  and 
rivers,  and  in  constant  intercourse  with  thd  sav- 
aees,  were  the  verv  nurseries  of  legendarv  iiar- 
ratires.'W^here  the  hunters,  the  trappers  an4  the 
boatmen,  all  mingling  together  under  the  ge;nial 
excitement  of  coin.ivial  influences,  would  relate 
perilous  adventures,  hair-breadth  escapes;  deaths 
of  Cbmrades  and  families  by  the  tomahawk,  star- 
valtidfi  'and  at  the  fire-stake;  murders  by  the 
pirateS' of 'Grand  Tower  and  Cottonwood  Creek; 
captivity  in  the  wilderness  and  cave,  and  pro- 
tracted sufferings  in  the'  most  agonizing  forms 
incTdent  to  humanity.  There  is  no  record '6f 
these  wild  narratives,  which  could  ha\'-e  been 
preSer\-ed'  for  future  times,  had  there  been  an 
histoHan,  who,' byMHe'' embalming  power  of 
genius,  would  have  presers'ed  them  in  an  imper- 
ishhble  shaije  for  {)bsterity.  -  Both  of  these 
taverns  stood  lipon'  the' cornjet^  of  Main  and 
Locust  streets.  r.imjn. 

-"'The  principal  merchants  and  traders,  at  the 
time  of  the  cession  to  the  United  States,  were 
Auguste  Chouteau,  who  resided  in  M'ain  street, 
between  Marlefand  Walnut;  Pierre  Chouteau, 
who  resided  on  tire  corner  of  Main  street  and 
Washihgton  avenue,  and  had  the  whole  square 
encircled' with' a  stbrife  w^ll— he  had  an  orchard 
of  choice  fruit,  arid  his'liouse  and  store  were  in 
one  building — ^the  store  being  the  first  story, 
and  the  famil'yresiderice  the  Second^  Manuel  L;isa 
lived  on  Second  street,  ctorner-df  Spnice ;  Labbadie 
&  Safpy';  Roubidoil  lived  at  the  corner  of  Elm 
arid  Main,'  arid  Jaques  Clamorgan  corner  of 
GreeA  '  dnd  Msli'ri.  ■  Tbe'  D'ebreuil  family  odeu- 
pied  a  wholfe  square  on'  Setond  street,'  b^fwfeen' 
pine' and  Ghestnutf:'?-''!'^-"'  •■>■'■/ ii^:!'!     .Uu^i^ii 


THE  FIRST 
IXCORPORA  TION. 


The  town  of  St.  Louis  was 
first  incorporated  on  Novem- 
ber !•,  180!l,  in  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  an,  act  passed  the  preced- 
ing ;year  by  the  Legjslafejire  of  th^^'Territory  of 
Louisiana.  The  boundaries  as  then  defined  cor- 
respond with  present  lines  and  names  as  follows: 
On  the  north  a  line  from  the  river,  between 
Biddle  and  Ashley  streets,  to  the  ^•iciuily  of 
.Seventh -aiul  Carr,  thence  south  to  Seventh  and 
Cerre'streets,  and  thence  east  to  the  river.  The 
population  of  the  town  on  its  budding  into  cor- 
p'otatfe 'existence  was  1,4()(),  and  its  wealth,  ac- 
cording to  the  first  assessment,  was  $i;5t,r)l(). 
Auguste  Chouteau  was :  the  heaviest  ta^,-payer, 
his  town  assessment  being  $ir),000,  independent 
of  about  $(U,()00  worth  of  real  estate  which  was 
situated  beyond  the  limits  of  the  little  town, 
but  which  is  now  in  the  heart  of  the  great  cftyr"/ 
There  had  been  a  great  deal  of  laud  sptculat^d^i 
prior  to  this,  and  values  had  gone  up  every  time 
the  tide  of  immigration  gained  strength  and  iin- 
petus.  There  were  a  few  other  wealthy  men  ni 
the  city',  as- wealth  went  in  those  days,  iuclud"- 
ing  J.  B.  C.  Lucas,  John  O'Fallon,  William 
'  Clark;  William  Christy  and  Henr)^  \'on  Phul. 
After  its  incorporation  the  town  of  St.  Louis 
began  to  grow  rapidly,  and  in  the  year  1822, 
when  it  was  advanced  to  the  rank  and  dignity 
of  a  city,  its  population  was  5,000.  The  boun- 
j  daries  were  extended  in  December  of  that  year 
'  as  far  north  as  Ashley  .street  and  as  far  south  as 
Labbadie  and  Convent  streets,  the  western  line 
being  on  Broadway,  between  Ashley  and  Biddle 
streets,  and  on  Seventh,  between  Biddle  and  Lab- 
badie streets.  The  area  of  the  town  was  thus 
increased  to  385  acres,  on  which  there  were  to 
be  found  about  <i-'iO  houses,  419  of  which  were 
frame.  The  taxable  property  had  not  yet  reached 
a  million  dollars,  and  the  annual  income  from 
taxation  was  a  trifle'  less  than  $4,000. 

Sev&ral  additions  were  platted  out  during  the 

'30s,    including   the    Lucas    addition,    between 

Seventh  and  Ninth  and  Market  and  St.  Charles 

streets;  the  Soulard  addition,  between  the  ri\er  ' 

'    and  Carondelet  avenue  aiid  Park  and  Gever  ave-  ' 

->  uues;  O'Fallon's   1H3()   addition,   between  Sev--' 


.V.Y  VvN  0.i,f>  ^MT./LOU/^.  r\  xo» 


.n 


euth  and  Kij^lith  s,treets ,  aud-  Wash  street  and 
Franklin  av^ntxe;,  Latvgliam's. addition,  between 
LaSalle  and  Rutge^r  streets  and  Second  and  Fifth 
streets;  Christy's  addition,  between  Ninth  aijd 
Twelfth  streets  and  Inanklin  aud  Lucas  avenues; 


siou.  The  former  ]>a8r[presprve4i its, name  and 
individuality  to  thjsjdayjjbut  the  latteris  known 
only  to  history  and  , the;,  proverbial  ."oldciit  in- 
habitant." It  iiicludedrthefiye  squares  between 
Jefferson  and  Ivefliugwell  avenues,  from  Laclede 


O'FallOn's  1837  addition^  between'  Seventh, ^ud  avenueljo  Eugenia  strjee};;.      Ambiig  tSe'riilmer- 

Fourtecnth   streets    and    Franklin    avenue,  and  ,  ous  subdivisions  which  .becaurfe  portions  of  the 

Biddle  street;  and  Soulard's  second  addition,  be-  city  in,  ,l^^)'>,  the  Stoddar4.,apd  Comptou  Hill 

tween  Carondelet  avenue  and  Decatur  street  and  additions,  are  the  only  two  ,\vhieh  have  preserved 

Park  aud  Geyer  avenues,  including  a  reserved  tl:\eir  identity  to  apy  Qxteijti  or  whose  names  are 

square,    subsequeutlyi  tshe^site,  qi'  tihes.S.ciulard  _  familiar  to  anyexcept  title  examiners  and  realty 

Market.                          '.      •           ■  r!  •,,•;..:  |:|,  ,:■,  .  .-agents.                    :    ,:     ,.;.,■ 

Inil839;  the  city  limits  were  again  esxtginded.  After   another    jntervai- of   fifteen    yea,rs,    in 


In  the  meantime  the  population  had  iuGreased 
rapidly  and  was  now  Hi, 000,  with  taxablte  prop- 
erty assessed  at  $«,(>S2,O0O.  In  1841  the  limits 
were  agaiaiaicreased,  this  time  to  take  in, a  to- 
tal area  of  2,(5.')0  acres  and  to  increase  the  tax- 
able property  to  twelve  millions.  Additions 
wete  laid  out  in  large  numbers  during  ;thfe  ne.xt 


April,, .18.70,, J:he  limits  were  again  extended, 
and  Carondelet  became  a  portion  of  St.  Louis. 
-OnrjSouthern  neighbor,  which  at  one  time  had 
Ipeen  Joqked^  upon  as  a  possible  rival,  had  not 
beeti,  able  to  keep  up  wjth  ns,  though  it  had 
gro^ivn;  ^AlP)?-  prp^pejiqus  littl'Q  citj,  first  incorpo- 
rateid,' in  I /li833,,  ;^pd,,  advanced,  tp    city    rank 


,fift(*en  years,  including  William  C.  Garr',3  third     eighteeoi  years  lat^f,   r,ilqi,  1^72  the  limits  were 


addition    from    Eighteenth   street    to  Jfef{efsou 
avenue,    between    Franklin  avenue   and   Riddle 


i^.Ktended  north  aqd  jwest  so  p.s. to, include  Tower 
Grflve,  Forest  and,  O,' Fallon  Parks,  but  in  1874 


street.     Thciconditious  of  the  dedic^tioHi  of  this     ,th^,.L.egisla1iU|re',r^ppaled,tlije;act  aud  restored  the 


addition  w'ere'  n"iq>ie.  lit,  was,  declared  .that 
there  "shall  be  no  butchery,  tallow  chandlery, 
soap  factory,  steam  factory^  tannery,  nine-pin 
alley,  or  any  other  offensive  business  or;  occupa- 
tion, set  up  or  carried  on  in  any  jiart  of  said,  ad- 
dition, whereby  the  dwellers  or  any  lot-owners, 
proprietors  or  occupants  may  'be:  iil  any  wa>-  an- 
noyed or  disturbed,.;"  ;  Nine-pin  alleys  appear 
to  have  been  a  special,  menace  to  peace  and 
quietness  hidf  a  century  ago,  for  the  dedication 
of  several  other  additi<)ns  coiifain"  specific  ref- 
erences to  and  restrictions  a.gaiust  them'. 

In  IX>ceml)er,  IH.").'),  the  city  limits  were  again 
extended,  and  most  of  the  additions  of  theifest 
ten  or  twelve  years  Were  taken;  iui;  The,' .'5ojuth- 
ern  boundary  .was  extended  tg  Keokuk  stretit, 
and  a  line  (><><)  feet  west  and  north  of  (rrand  ave- 
uue  hecanve  the  western  aud  n<>illn.'ru  limits. 
The  area  of  the. city  was  increasetl  to  seventeen 
.square  miles,  and  the  assessed  valuation  to 
$.')0,()0f),289.  The  town  of  BremeiH: incorporated 
in  184,'t,,  and  the  town  of  'Higlihiiad,  jncor.porated 
three  years  later,  were  absorbed  l>v,  Uie  oitfcn- 


-;. limits: of.  18,7().,.,i   .^  .;i,  ,.,;,;,  ,,,  -;,,, 
..  ,(  Ojiif^ijgu^.i^^i,  .l,'i^;7fi;  fh^;  fscheiB.e  and  charter 
i,w3Siad9I't^d)ija,u4  t]je  ci;ty.(9f  St.  ;Louis  was  sep- 
I  a,ra,ted,!fro^n.,t;he  qounty,;  ^t  l?e^ing,thus  made  a 
frpe  I  city,  in,  local    governmeint;  an    advantage 
po$?ies.s^d  by   aio  otjiie^r  cJ,t.y    i'l   the  Mississippi 
.  yallsy.*';;The  iar!ea,,5va,s;,incrpgis?d:t;o  sixty-two 
;  ^fifl: one-fourth  square  miles;,  and  thje.  assessed 
,  val^ie  of  real  Citrate  tO[$181,;54f),o.t)0,.  ,   The  new 
.territory  nuu,le  part  of  St.,,Lpuis  included  the 
towus  of    Lowell i;^icorpor^ted  in;  iI^^t^S-'R'^'^^ 
Spriu.gs  (18.V3),   Cheltenham  ( 18J2),'Quiiiette 
(bS.');)),    Mount   Oljv"? ,,  (jl,'^'>4),,   aufl.Qii^te  .Bril- 
aiajite.;^!;?^^)^!  a^i  Y,ey.  _j^s,i|yi(fRqe.  q^t;^?,. ,  F-^- 
niount,,  Ros,e   i^ill,- Evans  Place,  and.. College 
Hill  ac|d.itions^     Sojue' of,.'the,se.  tQwai^s  ijuid  ad- 
ditions still,  retain   th^ir   uaipes,.,  wl^ile  otjhers 
have,cojmplete|Iy,  l9st/theiir  ide^^tity,;  and ,  becpure 
entirely  merged  into  the  geueral  street  nomen- 
clature.    Ever^'  9iie,lia^|)i,eard.of,  and  nwydfave 

^^"^^  .11.  itM.iliiV,^  ,-'l<lmj..'»  ll.Jidnf. 

*.\p  tar  .as  the  writer  has  been  able  to  ascertain,  there 

ist*iA  rtlit'otlj^r  toU-rt  in  tfie  t'Aited  KdAes  s^hitln 'is 'prac- 

liciilly  Kiooiutytas.weJil  hs  dcityoiij   •jtj'.v  i; 


12 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


EARLY   FINANCIAL 
DIFFICULTIES. 


smelt,  Lowell,  but  coniparati\'ely  few  could  lo- 
cate Quiuctte  or  McRee  City.  Twenty  years 
hence,  few,  if  an\-,  of  these  distiucti\e  names 
will  exist  in  anything  but  a  pleasant  memory. 

St.  Louis  kept  ])ace  with 
its  increase  in  territory.  A 
post-office  was  established 
soon  after  the  Louisiana  purchase,  and  Rufiis 
Easton,  a  lawyer  and  title  examiner,  was  the 
first  postmaster.  In  ]\\\\\  1<H(I,S,  Josej)!!  Char- 
less  ct)mmenced  the  issue  of  the  Missouri  (incrt/c, 
the  first  newspaper  j^uljlished  west  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi. It  was  necessarily  a  very  primitive 
newspaper,  but  its  growth  has  been  on  a  par 
with  that  of  the  city,  and,  as  the  A/is.u)//ri  Re- 
publican and  the  St.  Louis  Republic^  it  has 
acquired  national  importance  and  influence.  In 
1811  there  were  two  schools,  one  French  and 
one  English,  and  during  that  year  a  market  was 
erected  on  Centre  Square,  between  Market  and 
Walnut  streets  and  Main  street  and  the  river, 
the  site  of  the  old  Merchants'  Exchange.  In 
I'SKUhe  first  bank  was  incorporated,  with  Samuel 
Hammond  as  president  and  John  V>.  N.  Smith, 
cashier.  Prior  to  this  there  had  been  little  or 
no  circulating  nredium  in  St.  Louis,  trading  be- 
ing conducted  by  means  of  exchanges  of  lead 
and  skins  for  groceries,  dry  goods  and  other 
merchandise.  This  financial  institution,  the 
Bank  of  St.  Louis,  soon  had  a  rival  in  the  Bank 
of  Missouri,  established  in  1.S17,  with  Atiguste 
Choxiteau  as  president,  but  neither  of  these  banks 
enjoyed  a  lengthy  career  of  prosperity.  Even 
in  those  days  bank  officials  were  not  proof  against 
the  temptation  of  over-speculation. 

While  the  inhabitants  of  St.  Louis  were  wor- 
rying over  financial  problems,  Alissouri  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Union,  and  in  December,  1.S22, 
the  newly-formed  State  Legislature  passed  an 
act  incorporating  St.  Louis.  In  April  of  the 
following  year  the  first  corporate  officers  of  the 
city  were  elected.  Mr.  William  Carr  Lane  was 
the  first  mayor  of  the  city,  and  Messrs.  Thomas 
McKnight,  James  Kennerly,  Philip  Rocheblane, 
Archibald  Gamble,  William  H.  Savage,  Robert 
Nash,  James  Loper,  Henry  Von  Phiil  and  James 
Lackman  were  the  first  aldermen  elected  after 


the  city's  final  incori)oration.  The  size  and 
importance  of  St.  Louis  at  this  period  are 
easily  ascertained,  because,  in  1^21,  the  first  St. 
Louis  directory  was  published,  and,  although 
comj^ared  with  publications  of  to-day  the  Ijook 
appears  crude  and  imperfect,  it  gi\-es  informa- 
tion of  a  very  valuable  character,  and  settles  a 
great  many  questions  which  would  otherwise  be 
in  disi)ute. 

In-om  this  directory  it  appears  that  in  May, 
1<S21,  or  about  eighteen  months  before  the  in- 
corporation, there  were  (J.'il  dwelling  houses  in 
St.  Louis;  of  these,  i'^'l  were  of  brick  and  stone 
and  415)  were  of  wood,  and  rather  more  than 
half  the  structures  were  in  the  northern  portion 
of  the  town.  In  addition  to  the  dwelling  houses, 
tliere  were,  to  use  the  words  of  the  director\', 
"  a  number  of  brick,  stone  and  wooden  ware- 
houses, stables,  shops  and  outhouses."  Among 
the  buildings,  the  steamboat  warehouse,  built 
b\-  Mr.  Josiah  Bright,  is  described  as  a  large 
brick  building,  which  would  do  credit  to  any  of 
the  Eastern  cities.  Mention  is  made  of  "the 
Cathedral,"  which,  when  the  directory  was 
compiled,  was  forty  feet  high,  with  a  frontage 
of  fortv  feet  and  a  depth  of  one  hundred 
and  thirtv-fi\'e,  and  also  of  the  elegant  and 
valuable  library  of  Bishop  Du  Bourg.  The 
St.  Louis  College,  we  are  told,  had  sixty- 
five  students  and  several  teachers.  As  to  the 
other  educational  and  mercantile  establishments, 
the  following  extract  from  the  directory  tells 
the  story  concisely  and  with  evident  accuracy. 
"  St.  Louis  likewise  con- 
tains ten  common  schools, 
al)rick  Ba^^tist  church,  forty 
feet  by  sixty,  built  in  L'SIS,  and  an  Episcopal 
church,  of  wood.  The  ]\Iethodist  congregation 
hold  their  meetings  in  the  old  court  house  and 
the  Presljyteriaus  in  the  circuit  court-room.  In 
St.  Louis  are  the  following  mercantile,  profes- 
sional, mechanical,  etc.,  establishments,  viz.: 
Fort\'-six  mercantile  establishments,  which  carry 
on  an  extensive  trade  with  the  most  distant  parts 
of  the  Republic  in  merchandise,  produce,  furs 
and  peltry;  three  auctioneers,  who  do  consider- 
able business — each   pays    $2UU    per  annum  to 


A  I'tz^y  PICTURE 
IN   1821. 


OLD  ST.   LOUIS. 


13 


the  State  for  a  license  to  sell,  and  on  all 
personal  property  sold  is  a  State  duty  of 
three  per  cent,  on  real  estate  one  and  a  half 
per  cent  and  their  commission  of  five  per 
cent;  three  weekly  newspapers,  viz.,  the  St. 
Louis  Inquirer,  Missouri  Gazette  and  .SV.  Louis 
Register.,  and  as  many  printin<T  offices;  one 
book  store;  two  binderies;  three  large  inns,  to- 
jjether  with  a  number  of  smaller  taverns  and 
boarding-houses;  six  livery  stables;  fifly-seveu 
grocers  and  bottlers;  twenty-seven  attorneys 
and counsellors-at-law;  thirteen  physicians;  three 
drnggists  and  apothecaries;  three  midwives; 
one  portrait  j^ainter,  who  would  do  credit  to  any 
country;  five  clock  and  watchmakers,  silver- 
smiths and  jewelers;  one  sii\er  plater;  one  en- 
graver; one  brewery,  where  are  manufactured 
beer,  ale  and  porter  of  a  quality  equal  to  any  in 
the  Western  countn,-;  one  tannery;  three  soap 
and  candle  factories;  two  brickyards;  three 
stonecutters;  fourteen  brickla}-ers  and  plasterers; 
twenty-eight  carpenters;  nine  blacksmiths;  three 
gunsmiths;  two  copper  and  tinware  mannfac- 
tnrers;  six  cabinetmakers;  four  coach  makers 
and  wheelwrights;  three  saddle  and  harness 
manufacturers;  seven  turners  and  chairmakers; 
three  hatters;  twelve  tailors;  thirteen  boot  and 
shoe  manufacturers;  ten  ornamental  house  and 
sign  painters  and  glaziers;  one  nail  factory; 
four  hair-dressers  and  perfumers;  two  confec- 
tioners and  cordial  distillers;  four  coopers,  block, 
pump  and  niastmakers;  four  bakers;  one  comb 
factory;  one  bellman;  five  billiard  tabk-s,  which 
]iay  an  annual  tax  of  ?1(H)  each  tc  '■''  f State 
and  the  same  sum  to  the  corporation;  se\-eral 
hacks  or  pleasure  carriages  and  a  considerable 
number  of  drays  and  carts;  several  professional 
musicians,  who  play  at  the  balls,  which  are  very 
frequent  and  well  attended  by  the  inhabitants, 
more  particularly  the  French,  who,  in  general, 
are  remarkably  graceful  performers  and  nuich 
attached  to  so  rational,  healthy  and  improving 
an  amusement;  two  potteries  are  within  a  few 
miles,  and  there  are  se\cral  promising  gardens 
in  and  near  to  the  town." 

A  great  deal  more  information  of  a  \aluable 
character   is  given.      Thus,  we    are    told    that 


eight  streets  ran  parallel  wdth  the  river,  inter- 
sected by  twenty-three  streets  running  east  and 
west.  The  streets  in  the  lower  part  of  the  town 
were  narrow,  varying  from  thirty-two  to  thirty- 
eight  and  one-half  feet  in  width,  but  the  streets 
on  "the  hill"  were  much  wider  and  more  hand- 
some. On  the  hill  in  the  center  of  the  town 
was  a  public  stjuare  :i4()x;)0()  feet,  reserved  for  a 
court-house.  Mention  is  made  of  two  fire  en- 
gines, with  properl)'  organized  companies,  one 
in  the  northern  and  the  other  in  the  southern 
portion  of  the  city,  in  addition  to  which  ever)- 
dwelling  and  store  had  to  be  provided  with 
good  leather  fire  buckets.  ^luch  space  is  de- 
voted to  the  Missouri  Fur  Companv,  whose  cap- 
ital was  "supposed"  at  the  time  to  amount  to 
about  $70, 11(10,  the  company  having  in  its  em- 
ploy twenty-five  clerks  and  interpreters,  and 
seventy  laboring  men.  The  Indian  trade  of  the 
Missouri  and  Mississippi  Ri\-ers  amounted  to 
about  $()00,000  a  year;  and  the  estimated  im- 
ports of  the  town  to  about  $2, 000, 000.  The 
commerce  by  water  was  carried  in  by  steam- 
boats, barges  and  keel  boats,  and  the  principal 
articles  of  trade  were  fur,  peltry,  lead  and  agri- 
cultural products.  Two  miles  above  town,  at 
North  St.  Louis,  there  was  a  steam  saw-mill, 
with  se\eral  connnon  mills  on  neighboring 
streams.  "The  roads  leading  from  St.  Louis," 
the  directory  notice  continues,  "are  very  good, 
and  it  is  expected  that  the  great  national  turn- 
pike leading  from  Washington  will  strike  this 
place,  as  the  Commissioners  of  the  L'^nited  States 
have  reported  in  favor  of  it." 

The  population  of  the  town  was  estimated  at 
.'),.')00  bv  the  compiler  of  the  director^-,  and  the 
alphabetical  list  of  householders  contains  about 
^>0()  names.  It  is  interesting  to  note  the  first 
name  on  the  list  is  "  .Vbel,  Sarah,  seamstress, 
Xorth  I'ourth,  above  C,"  and  the  last  "Young, 
Benjamin,  baker  and  grocer,  81  South  Main 
street." 

The  salary  of  the  first  mayor 
of  St.  Louis,  Mr.  William  Carr 


THE  CITY'S 
FIRST   MAYOR. 


Lane,  was  fi.xed  at  $H()0  per 
annum,  but  he  applied  himself  most  zealously 
to  the  city's  interest;  and  among  the  first  acts 


14 


01. 1-)  AXn  NEW  ST.  J.OVIS. 


of  has  administration  were  the  dixision  of  the 
cit\'  into  wards,  the  straightening'  and  more  ac- 
cnrate  defining  of  the  streets,  the  appointment 
of  assessors  and  health  officers,  and  the  grad- 
ing- and  partial' paving  of  Main  Street. 

-I  In  182(i  an  ordinance  was  passed  anthorizing 
the  building  of  a  court-house,  and  in  the  follow- 
ing year  work  was  commenced  on  the  arsenal. 
A  forward  step  was  taken  in  the  direction  of 
city  improvements  by  the  systematic  naming 
of  the  streets.  At  first,  all  the  streets  of  St. 
Louis  bore  French  names.       Main  street,  from 

I  Almond  to  Morgan,  was  "La  Rue  Principale," 
and  Second  street  was  "La  Rue  de  rEglise,"or 
Church  street,  so  called  because  of  the  first 
church  of  the  cit\-  being  built  upon  it.  These 
French  names  had  contiimed  until  180JI,  when 
another  system  was  adopted.  Market  street, 
which  was  even  then  the  dividing  line  between 
north  and  south,  was  the  only  ea.st  and  west 
street  with  a  distinctive  name.  Other  streets 
were,  for  the 'most  part,  distinguished  by  letters 
of  the  alphabet.  In  1827  a  much  better  system 
of  nomenclature  was  adopted,  and  during  the 
same  year  ordinances  were  passed  for  raising 
funds  for  the  erection  of  a  market  and  town- 
'house,  and  also  for  the  grading  and  paving  of 
Chestnut  and  Olive  streets  as  far  west  as  Fourth. 
In    18211,  ilr.    Daniel    E.   Page   was   elected 

.[mayor,  and  much  activity  was  manifested  by 
the  municipal  authorities  in  the  way  of  street 
grading   and   pa\ing.     Fourth    street  was  sur- 

•  veyed  from  ^larket  to  Lombard  street,  and  Sev- 
enth street  was  extended  to  the  then  northern 
limits  of  the  city.  Locust  street  was  also  graded 
and  paved  as  far  west  as  Fourth,  and  the  city 
began  to  put  on  metropolitan  airs  in  other  ways. 
In  the  following  year  a  bridge  was  erected 
across  ]Mill  Creek,  at  Foiirth  and  Fifth  streets, 
and  a  large  amount  of  enterprise  in  the  way  of 
brick-making  was  manifested.  As  a  result,  the 
primitive  one-story  houses  of  the  French -and 
Spanish  regime  began  to  give  place  rapidly  to 
brick  buildings,  and  the  building  lines  were 
much  more' carefully  obsersed. 

In  1831,  more  attention  was  paid  to    manu- 
facturing,! and.   tJie  steamboat  and  river   traffic 


began  to  increase  rapidly.  The  work  of  piaviilg 
and  grading  the jStreets  was  continued  activeljf, 
and  the  government  of  the  city  was;  generally 
regarded  as  excellent.  In  18;}2  the  cit>"s  pro- 
gress was  checked  by  an  attack  of  cholera,  but 
in  the  following  year  the  temporary  set-back 
was  overcome,  and  marked  ]:>r()gress  was  made. 
Mr.  Edwards,  in  his  "(heat  \\'est,"  sa\s  of  this 
period:  "Since  the  first  arrival  of  a  steamboat, 
every  year  they  have  increased  in  number,  and 
at  this  time  there  was  3io,t  a  day  but  numbers  of 
steamers  landed  at  thte  levee,  or  departed  for 
Ohio,  Illinois,  Missouri,  and  the  upper  and  lower 
Mississippi.  There  was  also  a  line  of  stages  for 
Vincenues  and  Louisville.  The  time  of  per- 
forming the  journey  by  coach  betweien  St.  Louis 
and  Louisville  was  three  and  a  half  days.  There 
was  also  a  stage  line  between  St.  Louis  and 
Galena,  via  Springfield.  There  was,  as  yet,  no 
railway  to  destroy  the  impediments  of  distance, 
and  a  journey  through  the  interior  of  the  West- 
ern country,  that  could  not  be  assisted  by  river 
navigation,  if  performed  in  early  spring,  was  as- 
sociated with  everj'  idea  of  discomfort;  the 
horses  flouuderilig  in  mud-holes,  and  probably 
not  being  able  to  extricate  the  vehicle,  and  then 
the  tra\-eller  had  to  step  out,  ofttimes  in  the  \'ery 
middle  of  the  sink,  which  held  to  his  legs  with 
such  quicksand  pertinacity  that  it  frequently  re- 
quired considerable  effort  to  disengage  himself." 

Despite  these  appar- 
ent  difficxdties,  the 
cit\' ' s  g  r  o  w  t  h  w  a  s 
rapid,  and  uuich  foresight  was  manifested  by 
the  authorities.  In  183;'),  the  Connnons  were 
sold  and  one-tenth  of  the  proceeds  was  devoted 
to  the  support  of  public  schools,  the, remainder 
of  the  proceeds  being  used  for  city  improve- 
ments generally.  Much  enthusiasm  was  aroused 
by  the  success  of  the  sale,  and  a  local  writer  of 
the  day  says  of  St.  Louis:  "She  already  com- 
mands the  trade  of  a  larger  section  of  territory, 
with  a  few  exceptions,  than  any  Qtlier  city  in 
the  Union.  With  a  steanjlx)at  navigation,  more 
than  equal  to  the  whole  Atlantic  seaboard;  v,ith 
internal  improvements,  projected  and  in  pro- 
gress;   with  thousauds  of  emigrants  spreading 


ENTHUSIASM  AND  MET- 
APHOR /,V  I83S. 


■  •'  'OLD  ST.  I. oris. 


13' t 


their  liabitatioiis  over  ffrtile  j)lains  wliicli  c\c-r)'- 
wlicre  nioet  tlie  eye,  wlio  can  (U-iiy  that  we  are- 
fast  \erging-  to  the  time  when  it  will  1)e admitted 
that  this  city  is  the  lion  of  tlie  West?" 

The  same  writer  goes  on  to  enthnse  o\  er  the 
proposed  erection  of  a  tlieatre,  and  shorth' after 
liis  propliecy  was  issued,  tiie  corner-stone  wa's 
hud  of  tlie  vSt.  Loiiis  Tlieatre  on  the  corner  of 
Third  and  Olive  streets,  on  the  site  now  occu- 
pied by  the  old  post-ofTice.  The  ground  cost 
fift>' dollars'a  foot  front  and  the  expense  of  the 
Iniildiiig  was  about  Slid, (too.  The  enterprise 
appears  to  luu-e  been  somewhat  in  ad\'ance  of 
the  requirements  of  the  times,  and  the  early 
history  of  the  theatre  shows  that  the  projectors 
met  with  a  great  deal  of  discouragement. 

A  year  later  work  was  commenced  on  the 
Planter's  House,  which  was  subsequently  com- 
pleted by  the  St.  Louis  Hotel  Company. 

Ill  l.Siil),  about  twfut}'-fi\'e  of  the  leading 
merchants  formed  the  "St.  Louis  Chamber  of 
Commerce,"  not  for  the  purpose  of  buying  and 
selling  grain  and  trading  in  options,  but  to  gener- 
ally further  the  interests  of  the  city  in  commer- 
cial matters.  Ed'ward  Trac}-  was  the  first  presi- 
dent, Henry  Von  Phul,  vice-president,  and  John 
Fard,  secretary.  Meetings  were  held  after  ofTice 
hours' at  regular  intervals,  and  substantial  good 
was  Effected.  The  Merchants'  Exchange  was  not 
established  until  liS4it,  and  in  1S.")0  it  was  joined 
liy  the  Millers'  Association.  In  ls;',7,  the  Bank 
of  the  State  of  Missouri  was  incorporated  with 
a  capital  stock  of  $."),()()(),()()().  The  need  of 
banking  facilities  had  been  much  felt  in  vSt. 
Louis,  and  the  new  institution  was  heralded 
with  much  rejoicing  and  satisfaction. 

It  was  at  about  this  j)criod  that  the  absolute 
necessity  of  railroad  facilities  between  St.  Louis 
and  the  East  and  West  began  to  be  appreciated, 
and  ]\rayor  John  F.  Darby  called  the  first  rail- 
road convention  held  in  St.  I^oiiis.  Although 
some'years  elapsed  before  practical  results  were 
inanifest,  the  b'uilding  of  the  roads  now  known 
as  the  Iron  Mountain  and  the  Missouri  Pacific 
was  practically  decided  npnn.  Delegates  were 
jiresent  at  the  convention  from  eleven  of  the 
best  counties  of  the  State,  and  the  influence  of 


the  niectiHg''was  felt  in  many  ways.  ■  The  vears 
:  183()  and  1837  were  also  memorable  in  the- his- 
tory of  St.  Louis  for  the  first  appearance  of  a 
daily  paper;  the  Missouri  Republican,  com- 
mencing its  daily  issue  at  about  the  time  of  the 
railroad  coiu-ention.  .^ 

The  financial  panic  of  1837  cfoes  not  ai)pear 
to  have  affected  St.  Louis  as  much  as  other  cities 
of  the  LTnion,  and  even  at  this  early  stage  of  its 
exi.stence,  the  "  F'uture  Great "  established  a 
reputation  for  solidity  and  financial  soundness 
which  has  so  marked  it  during  the  last  half- 
century.  The  recovery  from  the  depression  was 
so  rapid  that  the  year  l?53f)  was  distinctly  a 
boom  year.  The  Mechanics'  Exchange  was 
formed,  the  stdamboat  trade  grew  enormously,  a 
mayor's  court  was  established  and  the  population 
increased  to  upwards  of  lti,00().  During  the 
year  more  than  :?, 000  steamboats  arrived  at  the 
port  —  no  less  than  (J.")!*  during  the  month  of 
March. 

In  1841,  the  Planters'  House  was  opened,  and 
that  the  city  had  attained  considerable  import- 
ance as  a  manufacturing  point  is  shown  bv  the 
record  of  factories  and  business  establishments 
to  be  found  within  it.  There  were,  according 
to  ]\Ir.  I-Mwards,  two  foundries;  twelve  stove, 
grate,  tin  and  cop|)er  manufactories;  twenty- 
seven  blacksmiths  and  housesmiths;  two  white- 
lead,  red-lead  and  litharge  manufactories;  one 
castor-oil  factor\';  twenty  cabinet  and  chair  fac- 
tories; two  establishments  for  nianufactiiring 
linseed-oil;  three  factories  for  the  making  of 
lead  pipe;  fifteen  tobacco  and  cigar  manufac- 
tories; six  grist-mills;  six  breweries;  a  glass- 
cutting  estal)lishmeiit;  a  britannia  manufactory; 
a  carpet  manufactory  and  an  oil-cloth  factoty. 
There  were  also  a  sugar  refinery;  a  chemical 
and  fancy  soap  mami factor}*;  a  pottery  and 
stoneware  manufactory;  an  establishment  for 
cutting  and  beautifying  marble;  two  tanneries, 
and  several  manufactories  of  plows  and  other 
agricultural  implements. 

In  the  following  year  the  foundation  stone  of 
the  Centenary'  church  at  the  corner  of  iMfth  and 
Pine  streets  was  laid,  and  in  1S43  immense  act- 
ivity was  manifested   in   the   building  of  com- 


16 


OLD  AXn  MiW  ST.   LOUIS. 


THE    GREAT  FIRE 
AND  ITS 


niercial  structures.  Eighteen  liumlred  and  fiirt\'- 
four  was  the  year  of  the  disastrous  river  flood 
wliich  did  iinineuse  dania.eje,  but  which  did  uot 
])reveut  1,14:()  buildiugs  beiug  erected  duriug 
the  year. 

Ill  1S4()  the  Mercantile 
Library    was    organized, 
and    the    foundation   laid 
INFLUENCES.  ^^,^   ^,,^   splendid    institu- 

tion which  lias  done  so  much  educational  work 
for  the  city  in  every  way.  In  1.S49  the  city's 
progress  was  checked  1)\-  a  calamitous  fire,  re- 
sulting in  a  loss  of  upwards  of  $;),()()(), 000.  The 
entire  area  between  Locust  and  Market  streets, 
and  from  Second  street  to  the  river,  was  devast- 
ated, and  this  catastrophe  was  followed  by  an- 
other attack  of  cholera,  this  time  more  serious 
than  the  first.  During  the  months  of  I\[a\-, 
June  and  July  the  number  of  deaths  attributed 
to  cholera  amounted  to  4,000,  and  when  the 
scourge  was  over  a  stricken  and  bruised  city 
was  left.  Under  some  conditions  dual  disaster 
such  as  this  would  have  discouraged  the  inhab- 
itants and  set  back  the  progress  of  the  city  for 
many  j-ears;  but  the  men  who  were  building  up 
St.  Louis  were  of  sterner  stuff  than  this,  and  it 
has  since  turned  out  that  the  disasters  were  in 
many  respects  blessings  in  disguise.  The  new 
buildings  which  took  the  place  of  the  old  ones 
were  much  more  substantial  in  character  and 
much  more  metropolitan  in  appearance  and  far 
greater  precautions  were  taken  against  loss  by 
fire.  Main  street  was  widened,  the  levee  was 
paved  and  sanitary  regulations  were  adopted 
which  have  since  proved  of  immense  value  to 
the  city. 

On  October  15th  of  this  year  the  second  great 
railroad  convention  was  held,  and  the  building 
of  the  Pacific  Railroad  was  assured.  On  the 
fourth  of  July,  18.31,  ground  was  broken  for  this 
Toad,  and  in  1852  work  was  commenced  on  the 
Ohio  and  Mississippi  and  on  the  Terre  Haute 
and  Alton  roads.  Thus  was  the  foundation 
laid  for  the  system  of  railroads  which  has  made 
St.  Louis  the  best  railroad  center  in  America. 
In  1855  the  St.  Louis  Agricultural  and  Mechan- 
ical   Association  was    incorporated  with  Mr.  J. 


Ricliard  Harret  its  first  juesideut.  The  site 
still  occupied  by  the  Fair  Grounds  was  pur- 
chased and  in  185()  the  first  fair  was  held. 

Early  in  the  same  year  work  was  commenced 
on  the  SiiuiIktu  IJolcl,  but  the  progress  made 
])rior  to  18()1  was  inconsiderable.  Street  rail- 
roads began  to  make  their  appearance  at  this 
period,  and  it  is  mentioned  as  quite  an  achieve- 
ment that  seven  or  eight  thousand  passengers 
were  carried  daily.  In  1859  the  old  Post-office 
and  Government  building  was  erected  on  Third 
and  Olive  streets,  and  Mr.  John  Hogan  aj)- 
pointed  postmaster. 

When  the  war  broke  out  the  population  of 
St.  Louis  was  a  little  more  than  HiO,()00.  Prog- 
ress was  retarded  by  the  "  late  unpleasantness," 
but  not  altogether  checked.  In  18(j2  the  court 
house  was  finally  completed,  and  in  18(14  an 
act  was  passed  by  the  Legislature  incorporating 
the  Illinois  and  St.  Louis  Bridge  Company.  In 
the  following  year  the  Missouri  Legislature 
passed  an  amended  act,  and  the  necessary  legis- 
lation was  also  obtained  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 
In  1S()7  the  Polytechnic  building  was  finished, 
and  in  the  same  year  Captain  J.  B.  Eads  com- 
pleted his  plans  for  the  magnificent  bridge  which 
still  bears  his  name,  and  which  is  regarded  justly 
as  one  of  the  wonders  of  the  world.  In  1881 
the  Keystone  Bridge  Company  of  Pittsburg  un- 
dertook the  contract  for  the  superstructure,  and 
on  the  fourth  of  July,  1874,  it  was  announced 
with  great  rejoicing  that  the  magnificent  bridge 
was  completed.  The  tunnel  was  also  constructed, 
connecting  the  bridge  approach  with  the  old 
Union  Depot,  and  St.  Louis  at  last  was  con- 
nected directly  by  means  of  railroads  with  the 
East. 

This  completes  a  brief  outline  of  the  history 
of  Old  St.  Louis,  from  its  first  settlement  by 
Laclede  and  Chouteau  to  the  completion  of  the 
first  bridge  across  the  Father  of  Waters  and  the 
adoption  of  the  Scheme  and  Charter.  No  at- 
tempt has  been  made  to  go  into  full  details,  but 
sxifficient  has  been  stated  to  indicate  by  what 
stages  the  little  Indian  trading  point  grew  into 
a  frontier  village,  a  county  town;  an  important 
river  port,  and  finally  a  great  metropolis. 


OLD  S'/:  LOUIS. 


17 


The  various  events  and  happenin,q;s  since  the 
opening  of  the  bridge  will  be  found  recorded  in 
the  various  chapters  dealing  with  the  most  im- 
portant features  of  New  St.  Louis,  a  city  which 
is  destined  to  be  at  an  early  date  the  Metropolis 
of  the  Mid-Continent,  and  which  is  now  the 
commercial  and  financial  metropolis  of  the  tier 
i>f  ])rosperous  and  growing  States  which  make 
up  the  great  West,  Southwest  and  South. 


ANNALS  OF 
OLD  ST.  LOUIS. 


The  following  table  of 


events  of  interest  connect- 
ed with  Old  St.  Louis, 
will  also  be  of  \-alue  in  tracing  the  growth  of 
the  city,  and  the  building  of  great  things  out  of 
small.  It  is  not  a  complete  historical  index, 
but  deals  with  points  of  importance  with  which 
every  St.  Louisan  ought  to  be  familiar: 

February  Ij,  17(i4,  Auguste  Ch.outeau  landed 
at  site  of  St.  Louis. 

Louis  St.  Ange  de  Bclleri\e,  French  Com- 
m.uider,  took  possession  July  17,  ITi!.'). 

French  supremacy  supplanted  by  Spanish  do- 
miuion,  August  11,  1768. 

Pontiac,  the  great  Indian  chief,  visited  St. 
Ange  in  17()!i,  and  was  murdered  while  visiting 
Cahokia. 

Lieutenant  Governor  and  Military  Command- 
ant Don  Pedro  Piernas  assumed  control  for 
Sp.iin,  November  2J),  1770. 

St.  .\nge  de  Bellerive,  who  had  accepted  mili- 
tary ser\-ices  under  Piernas,  died  in  1774,  and 
was  buried  in  the  Catholic  cemetery. 

Pierre  Laclede  Liguest  laid  out  and  chris- 
tened St.  Louis,  March,  17(54. 

First  marriage,  that  of  Toussaint  Hanen  and 
Marie  Baugenon,  solemnized  April  20,  17tl(;. 

First  Catholic  church  dedicated  with  solemn 
ceremonies,  June  24,  1770. 

I'irst  ferry  established  by  Oamasche,  June, 
1  77(),  forerunnerof  the  Wiggins  P^erry  of  to-day. 

Les  Petites  Cotes,  subsequently  St.  Andrews, 
now  St.  Charles,  founded  in  17i!!t,  and  P'loris- 
sant,  then  called  St.  P'erdinand,  in  177(1. 

Pierre  Laclede  Liguest  died  June  20,  1778, 
while  en  route  to  New  Orleans,  and  was  buried 
somewhere  near  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas. 

Don  Fcrnand  dc  Lcxba  in  1778  succeeded  Don 


Francisco  Cruyat,  a  wise  and  popular  Governor 
in  command  of  Upper  Louisiana. 

Monday,  May  2(5,  1780,  1,000  Indians,  in- 
cited by  the  English,  attacked  St.  Louis  and 
massacred  forty  citizens.  This  is  known  as 
rauiice  dit  coup — the  year  of  the  blow. 

Don  Fernand  de  Leyba  died  June  28,  1780, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Lieut.  Silvio  Francisco 
Castabana. 

The  year  1785  was  marked  by  disastrous 
floods,  almost  wiping  out  civilization  in  the  \al- 
ley.  It  was  called  b)'  the  French  Paiuiee  dcs 
grandes  caux — the  year  of  great  waters. 

Boatmen  on  the  i\Iississippi  annoyed  by  pi- 
rates at  Grand  Tower,  and  in  1788  ten  vessels 
united  in  an  expedition  from  New  Orleans,  van- 
quished the  robbers  and  reached  St.  Louis  safely. 
This  is  known  as  r aiuice  des  dix  bateaux — the 
year  of  the  ten  boats. 

The  winter  of  179!)  was  of  extraordiuarj-  se- 
verity, and  went  into  history'  as  raiinee  du grand 
hiicr — the  year  of  the  hard  winter. 

Don  Manuel  Percy  assumed  gubernatorial 
control  in  1788,  the  population  of  the  St.  Louis 
district  then  being  1,1!*7,  exclusive  of  Indians. 

The  beloved  Zenan  Tnuleau  was  succeeded  in 
17 IKS  by  Charles  Debault  de  Lassus  de  Lunerie, 
a  native  of  P'rance  long  in  the  Spanish  service, 
and  promoted  to  lieutenant-governor  from  mil- 
itary command. 

^lay  1"),  ISOl,  nuirked  the  first  ajipearance  of 
small-pox,  and  the  settlers  commemorated  the 
scourge  by  a  peculiar  title,  rniDicc  dc  la  picolle 
— the  year  of  the  small-pox. 

The  military  fort  of  Belle  Fontaine  was  estab- 
lished on  the  Missouri,  near  its  mouth,  by  Gen. 
Wilkinson  in  180(5.  Its  site  has  long  since  been 
washed  away. 

Gen.  Merriweather  Lewis,  the  great  explorer, 
and  at  the  time  Governor  of  the  Territory,  com-  .. 
mitted  suicide  in  a  moment  of  depression  brought 
on   by   the   hard   times   prevailing,  while  on  a 
journey  to  Louisville,  in  October,  1805>. 

The  Missouri  Fur  Company  was  formed  by 
St.  Louisans  in  1808,  and  supplanted  the  Hud- 
.son  Bay  Company  in  what  afterward  became 
I'nited  States  territory. 


18 


OLD  AND  NliW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Charter  granted  St.  Louis  Lodge,  No.  Ill, 
Masonic  Order,  September  15,  1<S0«,  to  Gen. 
Merriweatlier  Lewis,  being  the  first  lodge  in  the 
West. 

First  fire  company  organized  January  27, 
1810. 

Jul\-  4,  1811,  first  public  celebration  of  Inde- 
pendence Day. 

Earthquake  shook  St.  Louis  and  vicinity,  De- 
cember 16,  1811. 

June  4,  1812,  the  name  of  j\Iissouri  was 
adopted  for  Territory',  and  first  Territorial  Legis- 
lature met,  and  the  Post-office  of  St.  Louis  and 
departure  of  delegates  to  Washington. 

First  English  school  opened  by  Geo.  Thonip- 
kins  in  room  on  Market  street,  near  Second, 
in  1818. 

August  2,  1815,  first  steamboat,  the  "Pike," 
Capt.  Jacob  Reed,  reached  the  foot  of  Market 
street,  and  was  greeted  with  holiday  demon- 
stration. 

The  Bank  of  St.  Louis,  first  institution  of  its 
kind  in  the  Territory,  incorporated  August,  18 Ki; 
Sanniel  Hammond,  president,  and  John  B.  N. 
Smith,  cashier. 

The  Missouri  Bank  was  incorporated  Febru- 
ary 1,  1817,  with  Auguste  Chouteau,  president, 
and  Liburn  W.  Boggs,  cashier. 

First  Board  of  School  Trustees,  formed  in 
1817,  consisted  of  Wm.  Clark,  Wm.  C.  Carr, 
Thomas  H.  Benton,  Bernard  Pratte,  Auguste 
Chouteau,  Alexander  McNair  and  John  P. 
Cabanne. 

A  fine  cathedral  was  built  in  1818  on  the  site 
of  the  old  log  church.  It  was  decorated  with 
original  paintings  by  Rubens,  Raphael,  Guido 
and  Paul  Veronese,  but  afterwards  destroyed  by 
fire,  except  the  gift  of  Louis  XVIII.,  now  in 
Walnut  Street  Cathedral. 

A  duel  between  Thomas  H.  Benton  and 
Charles  Lucas,  April  12,  1817,  resulted  in  the 
wounding  of  Lucas.  A  second  meeting  on  Sep- 
tember 27,  resulted  in  his  death. 

A  duel  between  Joshua  Barton,  United  States 
District  Attorney,  and  Thomas  C.  Rector,  brother 
of  Gen.  Wm.  Rector,  on  Bloody  Island,  June 
30,  1818,  resulted  in  the  death  of  Rector. 


St.  Louis  was  incorporated  as  a  city  by  act  of 
the  Legislature  December  it,  1822,  and  William 
Carr  Lane  elected  mayor,  with  a  board  of  nine 
aldermen. 

May,  181ltj  the  "  Indejiendcncc,"  first  steam- 
boat, left  for  up  the  Missouri,  reaching  Old 
Franklin  in  seven  days. 

Gen.  Wm.  H.  Ashley's  expedition  from  St. 
Louis,  1824,  reached  the  great  Utah  Lake,  and 
discovered  the  vSouth  Pass  through  the  Rocky 
Mountains. 

Marquis  Lafayette  visited  St.  Louis  April  28, 
1825,  and  was  received  with  great  honor  and 
prolonged  festivities. 

The  year  1825  was  marked  by  the  erection  of 
the  First  Episcopal  and  the  First  Presbyterian 
churches.  The  commencement  of  the  present 
court  house  and  Jefferson  Barracks  and  the  es- 
tablishment of  the  United  States  arsenal  were 
in  the  next  year,  182(i. 

Convent  of  the  Sacred  Heart  founded  at 
Broadway  and  Convent  street,  1827,  by  will  of 
John  i\Iullanphy.  It  is  now  located  at  Marys- 
ville,  in  South  St.  Louis. 

The  St.  Louis  LTniversity,  under  Jesuit  con- 
trol, was  permanently  opened  November  2,  1829, 
at  Ninth  and  Washington  avenue. 

First  jockey  club  organized  and  opened  a 
three-day  meeting  Thursday,  October}*,  1828. 
The  St.  Louis  Jockey  Club  oi^ened  the  Cote 
Brilliante  track  June  4,  1877. 

In  1829,  the  first  branch  of  the  United  States 
Bank,  afterwards  a  bone  of  national  contention, 
was  established,  with  Col.  John  O'Fallon  as 
president. 

August,  1831,  witnessed  the  bloodiest  duel 
on  record,  Spencer  Pettis  and  Major  Biddle 
meeting  on  Bloody  Island,  firing  at  five  paces, 
and  both  falling  mortally  wounded  at  the  first 
fire. 

The  first  water  works,  located  at  the  foot  of 
Bates  street,  were  put  in  operation  in  1832,  and 
were  a  private  enterprise,  and  purchased  by  the 
city  in  1835.  The  Bissell's  Point  works  were 
commenced  in  18(;7  and  delivered  completed 
July  1(J,  187(1. 

The   free    public   school   system  of   St.  Louis 


OI.D  ST.  LOUIS. 


19 


under  its  present  form  was  created  by  act  of 
Legislature,  February  13,  \W,V^.  Judge  Marie 
P.  Leduc  was  first  president.  Tlie  first  free 
school  was  opened  in  18;57,  four  years  later. 

First  lodge  of  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows was  established  June  3,  1X35,  under  the 
name  of  Travelers'  Rest  Lodge,  No.  1,  and  had 
five  members. 

The  year  l'S;;()  was  marked  Ijy  the  burning 
alive  by  a  mob  of  Francis  Mcintosh,  a  negro 
who  had  killed  Deputy  Constable  Sanuiel  Ham- 
mond, the  atrocious  event  occurring  on  or  about 
the  present  site  of  the  old  Polytechnic  building. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  St.  Louis  Theatre 
was  laid  in  1836  at  Third  and  Olive,  on  the 
sjiot  afterwards  occupied  by  the  custom  house. 
N.  M.  Ludlow,  chief  of  its  founders,  lived  until 
three  years  ago.  This  was  the  first  theatre  in 
the  West. 

"The  year  the  negroes  were  hung"  was  1841, 
four  men  having  murdered  two  young  mer- 
chants, Jacob  Weaver  and  Jesse  Baker,  for  the 
purpose  of  robbery,  and  then  set  fire  to  the 
building  in  which  the  corpses  lay.  The  crim- 
inals were  early  apprehended,  and,  being  con- 
victed, were  executed  upon  Arsenal  Island. 

The  first  steamboat  sent  up  the  Yellowstone, 
the  departure  of  the  famous  Bonne\ille  expedi- 
tion to  the  Far  West,  the  exploration  of  Ar- 
kansas and  establishment  of  Fort  William,  now 
Little  Rock,  were  events  of   1.S42. 

The  Rank  of  the  State  of  Missouri  was  in- 
corporated February  1,  1837,  with  a  capital  of 
$r),000,000,  in  time  to  meet  the  great  panic  of 
that  )'ear,  during  which  it  temporarily  sus- 
j)ended.  The  Planters"  House  was  commenced 
same  year. 

The  great  Daniel  Webster  visited  St.  Louis  in 
the  summer  of  is;;?,  was  entertained  at  the  St. 
Clair  Hotel,  and  the  next  day  he  spoke  for  six 
hours  to  an  audience  of  ."),()()()  which  had  gath- 
ered to  a  barbecue  in  the  fiehl  which  was  after- 
ward Lucas  Market  Stjuare,  and  is  now  known 
as  Grant  Place. 

Centenary  '\\.  \\.  Church  corner-stone  was 
laid  May  10;  Hon.  J.  W.  C.  Lucas  died;  the  fir.st 
steamboat  was  built  in   St.  Louis;  Judge   I'rvan 


.Mullanphy  was  impeached  for  oppression;  July 
3,  the  steamer  Edna  blew  up  and  killed  fifty- 
five  persons;  General  Atkinson  died  at  Jefferson 
Barracks,  all  in  the  year  1842. 

The  Medical  Society  riots  occurred  February 
2;"),  1844;  the  volunteer  firemen's  riot  occurred 
July  29,  1849;  the  first  of  the  Know-nothing 
riots  April  5, 1852;  a  more  serious  Know-nothing 
riot  August  7,  1854,  in  which  ten  persons  were 
killed  and  thirty  wounded,  and  the  great  rail- 
road riots  in  1.S77. 

The  "June  rise"  of  1844  eclipsed  all  previous 
high-water  records,  the  crest  being  reached  June 
24,  with  the  flood  seven  feet  and  seven  inches 
above  the  city  directrix.  Steamboats  landed  at 
Second  street  and  plied  to  the  bluffs  in  Illinois. 
Over  500  people  were  rendered  homeless.  The 
city  directrix  was  not  reached  in  the  abatement 
until  July  14. 

October  15,  1849,  a  mass  convention  was  held 
at  the  court  house  to  reconsider  the  building  of 
a  railroad  to  the  Far  West,  which  bore  fruit,  for 
on  July  4,  1851,  ground  was  broken  in  the  prac- 
tical commencement  of  the  Pacific  Railroad,  the 
humble  forerunner  of  the  grand  system  of  rail- 
roads now  west  of  the  Mississippi  river.  Thomas 
Allen  was  president  of  the  first  company. 

Washington  University  was  chartered  in  1853 
under  the  name  of  Eliot  Seminary,  which  was, 
a  year  later,  changed  to  Washington  Institute. 
Smith  Academy  was  added  in  IS5(;,  and  the 
University  formally  inaugurated  April  22,  1857. 
The  Law  School  was  added  in  18tiU,  and  the 
Manual  Training  School  in  1880. 

The  old  Lindell  Hotel,  on  the  site  of  the  pres- 
ent hostelry,  was  commenced  in  1857,  and  when 
completed,  represented  to  the  people  of  the 
countrv  the  astounding  spectacle  of  a  hotel  be- 
yond the  Mississippi  surpassing  in  magnitude 
any  other  in  the  United  States.  It  was  de- 
stroved  by  fire  in  18(57,  rebuilt  and  opened  for 
business  in  1874. 

The  first  street  car  corporation  in  St.  Louis 
was  the  Missouri  Railroad  Company,  and  the 
first  car  was  driven  by  the  president  of  the  com- 
pany, Hon.  Erastus  Wells,  on  July  4,  1S59,  who 
lived  to  sec  the  development  of  the  finest  sys- 


•20 


oi.n  .1X1)  NEW  sr.  i.ouis. 


tern  of  local  transportation  of  passengers  iu  tlie 
world. 

In  1X74  the  Union  depot  was  established  and 
the  Eads  bridge  opened  for  traffic.  The  Union 
depot  has  ontlived  its  usefulness,  but  the  bridge 
remains  an  honor  to  the  cit\'  and  to  the  man 
who  designed  it. 

In  l.STti  the  scheme  and  charter  was  adopted, 
and  St.  Louis  became  an  independent  cit}'  with- 
out either  county  government  or  taxation. 

In  liS78  the  first  Veiled  Prophet's  pageant  was 
seen  in  the  city,  and  crude  attempts  were  made 
to  illuminate  the  city. 

The  Mercantile  and  Commercial  clubs  were 
both  organized  in  IMSl. 


In  1.S.S2  the  Cotton  Kxchange  iMiilding  was 
opened  ;  work  was  commenced  on  the  Exposi- 
tion Ijuilding,  and  the  first  extensive  illumina- 
tions were  seen. 

In  1882  the  agitation  in  fa\or  of  granite  pav- 
ing on  the  down-town  streets  was  counncnced 
and  took  definite  shape. 

In  1S,S3  and  l.S.S-1:  the  Exposition  building 
was  constructed,  and  the  first  Exposition  was 
held  in  the  months  of  September  and  October 
of  the  latter  year. 

In  1884  work  was  commenced  with  a  view  to 
securing  legislation  for  a  rapid  transit  street 
railroad  in  St.  Louis,  and  Old  St.  Louis  ceased 
to  have  any  practical  existence. 


CH  APTKR     I  I. 

NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 

SOME    OF    THE    INFLUENCES    WHICH    BROUGHT    ABOUT    THE    CITY'S    SECOND    BIRTH.-A   SUC- 
CESSION   OF    TRIUMPHS. 


WELL-KXUWX  character  in  fiction  is 
represented  as  expressing  doubts  as  to 
her  birth,  and  as  hazarding  an  opin- 
ion that  she  was  never  born  at  all,  but 
just  "growed."  So  it  is  to  a  great 
extent  with  New  St.  Louis.  We  know 
to  a  day  when  Old  St.  Louis  was  born  ;  we  know 
how  year  after  year  it  grew  and  flourished,  and 
we  know  how  and  when  it  fulfilled  and  surpassed 
early  expectations  of  greatness. 

But  just  when  New  St.  Louis  commenced  its 
existence  cannot  be  determined  by  a  reference  to 
the  calendar  or  a  quotation  from  it.  Old  St. 
Louis  is  a  thing  of  the  past.  The  city  in  its 
magnificent  maturity  has  "put  away  childish 
things"  and  ranks  high  among  the  foremost 
cities  of  the  world.  Its  new  Union  Station  is 
the  grandest,  largest  railway  passenger  depot 
in  the  world,  with  track   facilities  and   connec- 


tions which  are  at  once  a  marvel  t)f  intricacy 
and  simplicit>- ;  the  largest  city  on  the  largest 
river  iu  the  world,  St.  Louis  has  also  unsur- 
passed railroad  connections,  with  lines  stretch- 
ing out  in  every  direction  and  running  through 
every  State  in  the  Union  ;  its  manufacturing 
and  commercial  establishments  are  numerous 
and  gigantic,  and  its  manufacturing  output  is  in- 
creasing more  rapidly  than  that  of  any  other  city 
iu  the  world.  The  little  narrow  thoroughfares  of 
our  grandparents  have  given  place  to  some  of 
the  best  paved  and  lighted  streets  in  America. 
The  street  railway  system  of  St.  Louis  has  be- 
come the  best  in  the  conntr}',  and  a  veritable 
model  even  in  these  days  of  rapid  transit  and 
electric  locomotion.  Panics  come  and  go,  but 
the  banks  of  St.  Louis  weather  the  stonn  with 
the  ease  of  lifeboats,  and  emerge  from  it  unin- 
jured either  iu  finance  or  reputation.     The  parks 


NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


21 


of  St.  Louis  are  exquisite  oases  of  beauty  aud 
\eidure  in  the  midst  of  a  profusion  of  commer- 
cial palaces  and  delightful  homes,  and  New  St. 
Louis  is  in  a  hundred  other  wa\s  a  model  city, 
IK  it  perfect  of  course,  but  rajiidly  ad\'ancing  to- 
wards the  ideal  of  nuinicipal  excellence. 

ISut   this  dues   not  settle  the  question  of    the 
date  of  the  birth  of  New  St.  Louis,  always  as- 
suming that  it  was  born  and  did  not  mysteriously 
grow.      The  preceding  chapter  contains  a  rough 
outline  of  c\x-uts  fmni  tlie  founding  of  the  town 
to  the  establishment  of  the  city  on    an  entirely 
independent  basis  by  the  adoption  of  the  scheme 
and  charter,  and  it  ma%'  be  asked — does  not  New 
.St.  Louis  date  from  the  severance  of   the  city 
from  the  county?     Did  not  Old  St.  Louis  come 
into  existence  in  17(i4and  pass  out  of  it  in  187(5? 
The  answer  to  both  questions  is  "  No." 
The  difference  between  Old  and  New  St.  Louis 
is  far  greater  than  a  mere  matter  of  years.    It  is 
something  infinitely  more  important  than  a  ques- 
tion of  area  and  boundaries.      It  involves  some- 
thing nnich  more  tangible  than  a  mere  increase 
in  material  wealth  and  influence.    Old  St.  Louis 
clung  to  the  traditions  of  the  past  long  after  it 
had  become  one  of  the  largest  cities  of  the  L^nion. 
It    followed   where    it   ought   to  have  led.     It 
scented  danger  in  every  new  project,  and  devoted 
too  little  energy  to  measures  of  aggressive  ad- 
vance.     It  ignored  the  rivalry  of  smaller  cities, 
and  allowed  them  to  encroach  upon  its  territory 
right  up  to  its  very  gates,  and  it  adopted  a  pol- 
icy of  ultra-conservatism  with  a  motto,  implied 
if  not  expressed,  that  what  had  made  the  city 
great  would  keep  it  so  for  all  time  and  against 
all  comers.     In  a  word  it  stood  still,  resting  upon 
its  own  strength,  ignoring  the  changes  which 
modern  invenliou  and  enterprise  were  making 
around,  and  ridiculing  the  idea  of  a  serious  de\i- 
atiou  from  the  old  established  lines.     The  com- 
mercial interests  of  the  city  were  mostly  in  the 
hands  of  men  of  mature  years,  many  of  whom 
had  come  West  aud  grown  up  with  tlie  couiitrx  , 
before  Horace  Greeley  had  connnenccd  to  jdii- 
losophize. 

Some  of  these  veterans  heralded  the  New  St. 
Louis  idea  with  delight,  and  ga\e  it  llie  sujiport 


THE  SENTIMENT 

IN  1878. 


and  assistance  of  advice  based  upon  half  a  cent- 
ury of  hard  work.  But  others,  including  some 
whose  yeoman  service  certainly  entitled  them 
to  rest  and  retirement,  looked  less  favorably  on 
the  necessary  rush  and  hurry  of  these  latter 
da)s,  in  wdiich  e\ery  man  who  hoj)es  to  suc- 
ceed must  do  at  least  the  ^\■ork  of  two  men. 
They  were  literally  astounded  at  the  progress 
vSt.  Louis  had  made  during  their  sojourn  in 
it,  and  instead  of  regarding  that  progress  as 
evidence  of  unlimited  possibilities,  they  were 
inclined  to  regard  it  as  a  magnificent  achieve- 
ment— as  a  battle  valiantly  fought  aud  perma- 
nently won. 

This  feeling  of  finality,  if 
the  word  ma\'  be  used,  was 
well  expressed  by  a  local 
writer  in  1.S78:  "Are  St.  Louis  business  men 
uuprogressive?  Some  of  our  contemporaries 
out  West  are  disposed  to  'poke  fun'  at  St.  Louis 
because  of  the  apparently  uuprogressive  and 
unenterprising  character  of  those  who  are  rulers 
in  her  marts  of  trade  and  banks.  Well,  per- 
haps it  is  a  truth  that  St.  Louis  is  provokingly 
slow,  but  it  would  be  well  to  remember  that  St. 
Louis  is  exceedingly  sure,  that  she  does  not  act 
for  to-day  only,  but  for  all  time.  The  truth  is 
St.  Louis  is  a  very  solid  cit\-;  that  the  actual 
financial  condition  of  her  business  men  is  a  little 
too  good  for  a  very  aggressive  campaign  for 
traffic.  We  do  not  say  that  the  city  is  in  danger 
of  permanent  injury  from  the  prosperous  condi- 
ti(Mi  of  her  citizens  engaged  in  the  business  of 
merchandising,  manufacturing,  banking,  build- 
ing and  other  industries.  St.  Louis  is  a  con- 
servative cil\-,  that  we  readily  admit;  but  the 
conservatism  of  our  citizens  docs  not  lead  them 
to  neglect  the  great  interests  which  center  here, 
and  which  ha\'e  thus  far  led  to  a  great  and  sub- 
stantial development.  It  is  true,  aud  we  readily 
admit  it,  that  the  rather  ultra-conservatism 
which  prevails  here  sometimes  delays  the  con- 
summation of  designs  necessary  to  the  contin- 
ued prosperity  of  the  city,  and,  to  the  extent  of 
such  delays,  retards  and  injures  its  conniicrce. 
r.ut  the  good  people  of  St.  Louis  are  neither 
blind     nor    destitute    of    ordinarv    intelligence. 


22 


OLD  AXn  XEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


They  know  their  interests,  and  will  be  very  cer- 
tain to  guard  them  with  jealous  care." 

"Guarding  with  jealous  care"  is  good,  but  it 
does  not  build  up  a  cit\-,  nor  is  it  either  logical 
or  progressi\-e  to  speak  of  "the  actual  financial 
condition  of  business  men"  as  "a  little  too  good 
for  a   very    aggressive   campaign    for   traffic." 
Eternal  vigilance  is  the  price  of  a  great  many 
blessings  besides  liberty.   A  city  can  never  be  sta- 
tionary in  anything  but  location;   in  commerce, 
finance  and  influence  it  must  either  gain  or  lose 
— it  must  either  achieve  victories,  or  it  must  be 
content  to  suffer  losses.     Thus  it  was  with  Old 
St.  Louis  in  the  zenith  of  its  glory.     It  ceased 
to  be  aggressive,  and  it  lost  ground.     The  cen- 
siis  returns  of  1880,  the  last  it  ever  saw,  were 
disappointing    in    the    extreme,  and    the    gains 
made  by  apparently  insignificant  rivals  caused 
a  general  awaking  to  the  fact  that  what  the  city 
had  fought  to  obtain,   it  must  fight  to  retain. 
"Poor   old    Missouri!"   "Poor  old   St.   Louis!" 
became  every-day  expressions,  and  an  impres- 
sion gained  ground  that  St.  Louis  had  seen  its 
best  days,  that  it  was  a  great  river  town,  but 
not  in  the  race  in  the  da)-s  of  railroads,  and  that 
the   western    metropolis   would  not  be  on  the 
western  bank  of  the  Mississippi,  in  the  almost 
exact  center  of  the  great  valley  to  which  the 
Father  of  Waters  gave  its  name. 

New  St.  Louis  is  entirely  different.  Young, 
untiring  men  have  assumed  control  of  the  citv 
in  every  department,  and  where  there  was  leth- 
argy' and  content,  there  is  now  ceaseless  energy 
and  laudable  ambition.  People  no  longer  say, 
"Good  enough  for  St.  Louis;"  nothing  is  good 
enough  which  is  not  the  very  best.  St.  Louisans 
no  longer  hesitate  when  a  new  project  of  gigan- 
tic proportions  is  suggested;  they  are  ready,  to 
adopt  a  simile  only  partly  applicable,  to  step  in 
where  angels  fear  to  tread.  In  other  words,  the 
city  leads  where  it  used  to  follow;  it  insists 
where  it  used  to  yield;  it  frightens  those  it  used 
to  fear. 

The  change  from  the  old  regime  to  the  new 
was  in  a  measure  gradual,  and  in  a  measure 
sudden.  It  did  not  take  place  when  the  Eads 
bridge  was  opened,  nor  was  the  extension  of  the 


THE  FIGHT 
FOR  RAPID  TRANSIT. 


city  limits  and  the  adoption  of  the  scheme  and 
charter  celebrated  by  a  ringing  out  of  the  old 
and  a  ringing  in  of  the  new.  The  last  three  or 
four  3'ears  of  the  seventies  belong  distinctly  to 
the  Old  St.  Louis  period,  and  we  nuist  look  io 
the  eighties  for  the  day  and  hour  of  the  birth 
of  New  St.  Louis. 

And  even  here  it  is  a 
case  of  doctors  differing. 
According  to  one  theory 
the  death-knell  to  Old  St.  Louis  was  sounded  when 
the  ground  was  broken  for  the  first  rapid  transit 
road  in  the  city,  the  old  Locust  street  cable,  which 
in  its  twists  and  turns  used  to  throw  the  passen- 
gers around  with  as  little  mercy  as  baggage  hand- 
lers iisually  extend  toward  trunks  and  valises. 
Truly,  the  fight  for  a  franchise  was  picturesque 
and  emblematical.     On  the  one  side  was  the  de- 
mand for  rapid  transit,  with  the  unanswerable 
argument  that  time  is  money,  and  that  there  was 
no  reason  for  St.  Louis  being  content  with  mules 
and  horses  for  street  car  traction,  when  smaller 
cities  were  building  cable  lines  rapidh-.     The 
New  St.  Louis  idea  was  well  brought  out,  and 
there    was  a  great   deal   of   severe  talk    about 
old-fogyism,  vested  interests,  Westinghouse  air- 
brakes on  progress,  and  the  like. 

As  to  the  Old  St.  Louis  theory,  it  was  liter- 
ally ridden  to  death.  A  good  lawyer  has  been 
described  as  an  advocate  who  knows  when  to 
stop;  but  the  opponents  to  rapid  transit  helped  on 
the  good  work  of  reform  and  progress  by  comical 
descents  from  the  sublime  to  the  ridiculous,  and 
by  riding  their  hobby  to  death.  The  street  car 
powers  that  were  naturally  opposed  the  pro- 
ject because  of  its  dangerous  rivalry,  and  they 
succeeded  in  getting  the  ordinance  so  amended  as 
to  force  upon  the  promoters  what  was  described 
as  "an  impossible  route."  That  is  to  say,  they 
multiplied  the  curves  and  difficulties  to  such  an 
extent  that  competent  engineers  expressed  de- 
cided opinions  to  the  effect  that  the  road  could 
never  be  operated  even  if  built.  This  was  fair 
fighting,  but  it  was  accompanied  by  consider- 
able hitting  below  the  belt.  Worshipers  of  the 
old  idea  screamed  with  horror.  Horses  would 
be  frightened,  wheels  would  sink  into  the  cable 


NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


23 


slot,  children  and  even  adnlts  would  he  crushed 
out  of  existence  by  the  threatened  Juggernaut, 
and  streets  would  he  rendered  absolutely  impass- 
able. These  arguments  were  raised,  not  once  or 
twice,  but  dozens  of  times,  both  before  the  com- 
mittees of  the  City  Council  and  House  of  Dele- 
gates, and  in  the  columns  of  the  newspapers. 
It  was  a  cry  of  flee  from  the  cars  to  come,  and 
there  was  no  dearth  of  prophets  to  foretell  dire 
disaster  as  the  immediate  and  certain  effect  of 
the  proposed  profanation  of  the  streets. 

Nor  was  this  all.  The  old  story  of  the  man 
who  objected  to  gas  because  his  father  had  lived 
and  prospered  with  no  brighter  illuminant  than 
a  rush-light,  was  retold  in  a  new  form  and  with- 
out the  narrators  noticing  the  humor  of  their 
argument.  St.  Louis,  the}-  said,  had  grown  into 
a  great  city  without  rapid  transit,  and  what  had 
sufficed  in  the  past  would  do  in  the  future.  It, 
or  rather  they,  did  not  need  any  inno\-ations,  and 
the  city's  reputation  for  substantial  soliditx- 
would  be  jeopardized  by  the  change.  People 
did  not  live  far  enough  from  their  places  of  busi- 
ness to  make  rapid  transit  necessary,  it  was 
urged,  the  theorists  calmly  oblivious  of  the  fact 
that  they  were  mixing  up  cause  and  effect,  and 
that  the  reason  peo])le  lived  in  crowded  homes 
was  because  the  most  attractive  and  healtlu'  por- 
tions of  the  city  were  inaccessible  to  all  but  the 
favored  few  who  could  afford  to  keep  carriages 
and  horses.  Public  opinion  was  divided  to  a 
remarkable  extent,  but  common  sense  fiualK' 
triumphed,  the  necessar)-  powers  were  granted 
autl  the  road  was  built. 

This  was  in  the  years  1SS4,  ISS.')  and  ISSi;, 
and,  we  are  inclined  to  think,  a  little  after  the 
birth  of  New  St.  Louis.  There  was  a  pitched 
battle  between  the  old  and  the  new,  and  both 
forces  orsranized  with  sufTicicnt  thoroughness  to 
indicate  the  existence  of  the  new  idea  which  was 
gaining  strength,  as  well  as  the  old  idea  which 
was  dying  so  painfully  and  so  hard. 

Again,  as  evidence 
of  the  fact  that  the 
grand  awakening  took 
place  ]Mior  to  tlic  building  of  the  first  rapid 
transit    road,    the    erection    of     the    h'xposilion 


THE  VEILED 
PROPHET'S  ISFLUESCE. 


IJiiilding  and  the  inauguration  of  autumnal 
illuminations  may  be  recorded.  That  the  Old 
vSt.  Louis  idea  is  not  interred,  although  it  is  long 
past  medical  aid,  is  proved  by  the  fact  that 
there  are  still  people  to  be  found  who  doubt  the 
good  influence  of  hospitality,  and  who  cry  ciii 
bono?  every  time  vSt.  Louis  lays  itself  out  to 
attract  and  entertain.  But  these  are  in  a  hope- 
less minority,  for  on  every  hand  the  opinion 
prevails  that  if  the  Veiled  Prophet  is  not  the 
actual  creator  of  New  St.  Louis,  he  was  present 
at  the  birth  and  assisted  materially  in  bringing 
it  about.  It  was  the  Prophet  who  taught  the 
])cople  of  St.  Louis  to  a])]5reciate  the  beauties 
and  resources  of  their  own  city,  and  it  was  the 
Prophet  and  his  followers  who  downed  cry  after 
cry  of  the  Old  St.  Louis  order. 

And  if  it  was  not  the  Prophet  who  suggested 
the  building  of  a  home  for  a  permanent  exposi- 
tion, who  was  it?  In  the  years  1<SS3  and  1SS4, 
the  suggestions  took  material  shape,  and  it  is 
probable  that  this  event,  more  than  any  other, 
marked  the  change  from  the  old  to  the  new. 
The  raising  of  the  necessary  funds  to  construct 
the  building,  and  the  general  rallying  around 
the  standard,  roused  St.  Louisans  out  of  them- 
sel\-es  and  had  an  educational  influence,  the 
\alue  of  which  it  would  be  difficult,  if  indeed  it 
were  possible,  to  overrate.  The  change  was 
not  by  any  means  completed  while  the  work 
was  in  progress,  because  the  air  was  full  of 
jirophesies  of  failure.  No  city  had  ever  suc- 
ceeded in  making  an  annual  exposition  self- 
sustaining,  and  was  it  likely  "poor  Old  St. 
Louis  could"?  It  was  not  at  all  likeh';  but  it 
was  possible  for  New  St.  Louis  to  do  what  has 
since  been  so  forcibly  demonstrated.  The  mill- 
ions of  people  who  have  come  from  east,  west, 
north  and  so\ith  to  see  the  Exposition,  the  illu- 
minations and  the  other  fall  attractions,  have 
carried  back  to  their  homes  enthusiastic  state- 
ments as  to  the  grandeur  of  the  city,  and  have 
concluded  description  after  description  with  the 
qualification  that  the  half  had  not  been  told. 

In  a  search  for  the  causes  which  led  to  an  ig- 
noring of  the  past  and  a  determination  to  plan 
and  construct  a   new   future,  it  would  be  maui- 


24 


OLD  AND  NFAV  Sr.  LOl'TS. 


festly  unjust  to  overlook  the  influence  of  two  of 
the  great  chibs  of  St.  lyouis  —  the  Mercantile 
and  the  Commercial.  The  Mercantile  Club  was 
established  three  or  four  years  before  the  Expo- 
sition, and  it  has  been  the  birthplace  of  nearly 
every  important  project  which  has  since  seen  the 
light.  The  meeting  at  which  it  was  proposed 
to  construct  an  exposition  building  was  held  in 
the  old  building  on  Locust  street,  and  many 
other  projects  of  untold  value  to  the  city  were 
plotted  and  schemed  in  one  or  the  other  of  the 
rooms  of  the  same  building.  It  was  almost 
an  act  of  vandalism  to  tear  down  a  club  house 
which  had  so  many  pleasing  and  profitable 
memories;  but  it  was  erected  in  the  reign  of 
Old  St.  Louis,  and  was  not  in  keeping  with 
New  St.    Louis,  either  in  capacity  or  elegance. 

The    Commercial 
Club  differs  from  the 


THE   COMMERCIAL   CLUB 
AND  GRANITE  STREETS. 


Mercantile  in  one 
essential  point.  It  is  a  debating  society  rather 
than  a  social  club,  and  it  also  performs  many  of 
the  duties  which  fall  to  the  lot  of  boards  of 
trade  in  smaller  cities.  Since  the  formation  of 
the  Autumnal  Festivities  Association,  with  its 
numerous  committees,  the  Commercial  Club  has 
been  less  heard  of  than  formerly.  But  in  its 
earlier  days  it  was  an  immense  power  for  good, 
and  its  influence  on  improvements  of  the  better 
kind  has  always  been  marked.  Indeed,  it  com- 
petes with  the  rapid  transit  movement  and  the 
Veiled  Prophet  for  the  right  to  claim  New  St. 
Louis  as  its  own  particular  offspring.  The  club 
was  established  in  the  year  1881,  and  its  forma- 
tion proved  to  no  inconsiderable  extent  the  ex- 
istence of  a  spirit  of  dissatisfaction  with  the 
existing  condition  of  affairs  and  a  determination 
to  .strike  out  in  fresh  lines  and  pastures  new. 
In  March,  1882,  Mr.  George  E.  Leighton  read  a 
paper  before  the  club  in  which  he  spoke  strongly 
on  the  importance  of  an  improvement  in  the 
streets  and  of  better  paving.  The  arguments 
were  heartily  appreciated,  and  if  the  paper  did 
not  result  in  the  immediate  repavingof  the  bus- 
iness streets,  it  at  least  opened  the  eyes  of  the 
public  to  the  paramount  importance  of  the  work, 
which  was  commenced  soon  after  its  reading. 


.\gaiu,  the  Old  vSt.  Louis  ultra-conser\-atism 
was  manifested;  and  the  reform  was  fought  bit- 
terly. At  that  time,  and,  indeed,  up  to  the 
year  18!);^,  the  cost  of  street  reconstruction  was 
charged  against  the  pn)perty  fronting  on  it, 
with  a  limit  of  charge  fixed  at  one-fourth  the 
assessed  valuation,  any  excess  being  paid  out  of 
the  municipal  revenues.  There  is  no  limit  now,* 
but  e\cn  with  the  advantage  j^ivcn  property 
owners  under  the  old  law,  they  protested  bit- 
terly, and  the  board  room  of  the  Board  of 
Public  Iiupni\-emeuts,  as  well  as  the  committee 
rooms  of  the  two  branches  of  the  Municipal 
Assembly,  and  even  the  mayor's  ofl^ice  itself, 
heard  arguments  which  echoed  in  sentiment 
and  purpose  the  still  prevailing  conservatism. 

But  the  pavements  which  were  good  enough 
for  Old  St.  Louis  were  not  suitable  in  any  re- 
spect for  New  St.  Louis,  and  common  sense 
won  again.  As  the  business  streets  were  paved 
with  granite,  so  did  the  standing  of  the  city 
improve.  History  shows  that,  almost  invari- 
ably, good  roads  and  civilization  have  gone 
hand  in  hand;  and  the  moral  and  commercial 
influence  of  good  streets  in  St.  Louis  has  been 
astounding.  Whether  the  new  era  was  the  re- 
sult of  their  being  constructed,  orwhether  their 
construction  was  an  incident  to  the  new  era, 
this  deponent  sayeth  not. 

In  the  same  line  of  thought  it  is  difficidt  to 
distinguish  cause  and  effect  in  regard  to  the 
phenomenal  increase  in  the  extent  and  im- 
portance of  the  city's  manufactures.  Certain  it 
is  that  coincident  with  the  commencement  of 
work  on  the  granite  streets  and  with  the  build- 
ing of  Exposition  Hall,  the  manufacturing  inter- 
est had  an  awakening  far  too  solid  and  lasting  to 
be  looked  upon  or  spoken  of  as  a  "  boom."  New 
factories  and  office-buildings  began  to  be  erected, 
old  ones  were  remodeled  and  enlarged,  and 
"  angels  of  commerce  "  were  sent  out  to  do  mis- 
sionary work  in  fields  never  before  invaded  by 
St.  Louis  houses.  As  rapid  transit  opened  up 
new  territory  for  homes,   this  good  work  con- 


*The  valiiUty  of  the  Stone  Law,  a1)olisliing  the  25  per 
cent  limit,  was  being  tried  in  the  courts  when  this  woik 
went  to  press. 


N/-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


25 


TWO  OUTSIDE   OPIMONS 
ON    THE 


tinned,  and  New  St.  Louis  is  to-day  one  of  the 
most  important  manufacturing  and  distributing 
points  in  the  world,  leading  in  many  lines  and  a 
good  second  in  many  more. 

So  it  will  be  seen  that  four  distinct  influences 
combined  to  bring  New  vSt.  L,ouis  into  existence 
about  ten  years  ago.  Fortunately,  there  was 
an  abundance  of  youthful  talent  and  energy  to 
pilot  the  old  into  the  new  and  to  take  advantage 
of  opportunities  as  they  arose;  and,  hence,  we 
have  to-day  a  city  old  only  in  its  history,  its 
solidity  and  integrity,  and  new  in  every  other 
feature — in  its  Iniildings,  its  streets,  its  manu- 
factures, its  commerce  and  its  jjeople. 

Julian  Ralph,  who 
is    perhaps    the    best 

autlu)rit\'  of  the  dec- 

CITVS  NEW  GROWTH.  ,  '     , 

ade   on    American 

cities,  owing  to  the  nature  and  extent  of  the 
special  correspontlence  lours  he  has  undertaken, 
has  this  to  say  of  the  transition  or  "  new 
growth"  of  St.  Louis: 

"St.  Louis  is  the  one  large  western  cit)' in 
which  a  man  from  our  eastern  cities  would  feel 
at  once  at  home.  It  seems  to  require  no  more 
explanation  than  Boston  would  to  a  New  Yorker 
or  r.allimore  to  a  Kostonian.  It  speaks  for 
itself  in  a  familiar  language  of  street  scenes,  arch- 
ilecture,  and  the  faces  and  manners  of  the  peo- 
ple. In  saying  this  I  make  no  comparison  that 
is  unfavorable  to  the  other  western  cities,  for  it 
is  not  unfriendly  to  say  that  their  most  striking 
characteristic  is  their  newness,  or  that  this  is 
lacking  in  St.  Louis.  And  yet  to-day  St.  Louis 
is  new-born,  and  her  appearance  of  age  and  of 
similarity  to  the  eastern  cities  belies  her.  She 
is  not  in  the  least  what  she  looks.  Ten  or 
a  dozen  years  ago  there  began  the  operation  of 
influences  wliicli  were  to  rejuvenate  her,  to  fill 
lur  old  veins  with  new  blood,  to  give  her  the 
momentum  of  the  most  vigorous  western  entcr- 
jtrise.  Six  or  seven  years  ago  tliese  began  to 
bear  fruit,  and  tiie  new  metropolitan  sjiirit  com- 
menced to  throb  in  tiie  wins  of  the  old  cil\-. 
The  change  is  not  like  the  awaki  iiing  of  Rip 
Yaw  Winkle,  for  the  city  never  slept;  it  is  rather 
the   repetition   of  the    case  of    that    boy-god  of 


mythology,  whose  slender  form  grew  sturdy 
when  his  brother  was  born.  It  was  the  new 
life  around  the  old  that  spurred  it  to  sudden 
growth. "  (  Harper's  Neiv  Moiillilv,  November, 
l.Si)2.) 

A  year  later  the  Springfield  Democrat.,  com- 
menting editorially  on  a  large  real  estate  trau.s- 
action,  said:  "  St.  Louis  has  never  in  any  sense 
been  a  'boom'  town,  but  there  is  not  to-day  a 
city  in  the  country  in  better  repute  as  a  solid, 
progressive,  financial,  commercial  and  manufact- 
uring center,  nor  one  whicli  is  making  as  rapid 
jM'ogress  in  expansion  of  trade,  in  architectural 
supremacy,  or  in  increase  of  population.  To 
within  fifteen  years  ago  it  was  regarded  as  an 
ultra-conservative  town  that  compromised  its  fu- 
ture by  the  rejection  of  adventitious  aids  that 
were  seized  uj)on  by  its  windy  competitor  by  the 
lakes,  and  was  the  target  of  jil)es  and  standing 
comparisons  that  were  a  dead-weight  when  the 
present  generation  took  the  helm  and  overthrew 
tradition  by  the  utilization  of  every  legitimate 
opportunity  that  gave  the  promise  of  a  better- 
ment. 

"  The  New  St.  Louis  is  an  object  lesson  for 
the  careful,  and,  possibly,  profitable,  considera- 
tion of  other  communities  with  greater  or  less 
aspirations.  It  has  demonstrated  that  while 
conservatism  is  advantageous  as  breakwater,  it 
is  a  positi\'e  injury  as  dam  to  enterprise,  and 
that  the  maxim,  '  nothing  venture,  nothing 
gain,'  has  its  ap[i!ication  in  the  buiUlingof  cities 
as  in  the  determination  of  the  fortunes  of  indi- 
viduals." 

1 1  was  a  favorite  boast  of 
tiie  old  regime  that  "  St. 
Louis  owns  herself."  In  other 
words,  the  people  gloried  in 
the  fact  that  local  enterprises  were  supported 
exclusively  by  local  capital.  This  fallacy  has 
long  since  been  exploded,  and  there  is  a  realiza- 
tion of  the  fact  that  the  more  outside  capital 
lliat  is  attracted  to  the  city,  the  greater  the  ad- 
vantage to  its  mercantile  and  manufacturing  in- 
terests. Since  the  civilized  world  has  begun  to 
appreciate  the  fact  that  New  St.  Louis  is  one 
of    its  most  progressive  and  prosperous  cities, 


FOREIGN  CAPITAL 

AND 

ITS  INFLUENCE. 


26 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


millions  of  outside  capital  have  been  attracted 
to  it,  and  many  of  the  most  magnificent  of  the 
new  buildings  have  been  erected  largely  or  in 
great  part  by  eastern  and  even  English  money. 
The  days  of  Chinese  walls  are  over,  and  the  city 
which  earns  for  itself  the  confidence  of  the  in- 
ternational financial  world  is  the  one  that  makes 
the  most  pronounced  and  prolonged  improve- 
ment. Charity  may  begin  at  home,  but  it  does 
not  end  there;  and  while  the  investment  of  local 
capital  and  accumulation  is  the  first  stepping- 
stone  to  municipal  growth,  the  attraction  of 
foreign  capital  for  investment  is  indispensable 
in  these  days  of  competition  and  encroachment. 
Hence,  while  Old  St.  Louis  was  hampered  by  an 
excess  of  exclusiveness  and  an  undue  tendency 
to  look  with  suspicion  upon  new  enterprises 
from  the  outside.  New  St.  Louis  has  sprung  to 
the  front  and  kept  there,  largely  because  it  has 
attracted  the  attention,  if  not  the  envy,  of  the 
financial  and  mercantile  world  of  two  continents, 
and  because  of  the  impetus  investment  from  the 
outside  has  given  to  almost  every  one  of  its  in- 
dustries. 

When  English  gold  was  paid  for  a  number  of 
the  breweries  of  which  St.  Louis  had  long  been 
proud,  there  was  considerable  heartache  in  con- 
sequence. But  the  breweries  remain  where  they 
were.  They  pay  as  large  if  not  larger  sums 
every  week  to  St.  Louis  men  to  be  spent  at 
St. Louis  stores,  and  for  all  practical  purposes  the 
city  derives  as  much  benefit  from  the  industry 
as  ever.  True,  the  idea  of  the  profits  crossing 
the  ocean  in  the  shape  of  dividend  warrants  is 
the  reverse  of  pleasant,  but  the  local  investment 
of  the  foreign  purchase-money  pro\'ed  so  advan- 
tageous in  every  way,  and  gave  such  an  impe- 
tus to  local  building,  that  a  great  many  dividends 
will  have  to  be  paid  before  St.  Louis  will  lose 
one  tithe  of  what  it  gained.  And  although 
there  are  not  wanting  those  who  regret  the  plac- 
ing of  municipal  bonds  in  London  during  the 
current  \'ear,  there  are  hundreds  more  who  re- 
joice in  the  evidence  furnished  of  the  city's  ex- 
cellent credit  abroad,  and  who  also  recognize 
the  fact  that  had  the  bonds  been  subscribed  for 
locally,  just   so   much  money    must    have  been 


withdrawn  from  the  home  loaning  capital,  to 
the  probable  curtailment  of  local  enterprise  and 
business.  In  short,  it  is  not  an  unmixed  bless- 
ing for  a  city  to  own  itself,  and  the  recognition 
of  this  fact  has  proved  of  incalculable  benefit  to 
New  St.  Louis  in  its  fight  for  commercial  su- 
premacy— a  fight  which  has  been  so  overwhelm- 
ingly successful,  and  which  is  still  being  waged 
so  gloriously  and  so  well. 

The  preceding  chapter  closed  with  a  brief 
chronological  summary  of  events  in  Old  St. 
Louis.  This  chapter  cannot  close  more  appro- 
priately than  with  the  record  of  some  of  the 
' '  footprints  in  the  sands  of  time  ' '  made  by  New 
St.  Louis.  Each  footprint  marks  a  stride  to- 
wards improvement  and  perfection;  a  casting 
aside  of  things  that  were,  and  a  pressing  for- 
ward to  things  that  are  to  be.  Reference  is 
only  made  to  distinct  and  absolute  reforms,  or 
movements  in  the  direction  of  reform. 
ISSl. 

Commercial  and  Mercantile  clubs  established. 
1882. 

Agitation  for  granite  streets  commenced. 

First  extensive  street  ilhuuinatiou. 
1883. 

Exposition  and  Music  Hall  Association  incor- 
porated. 

Active  work  commenced  on  repaviug  down- 
town streets  with  granite. 
1884. 

First  franchise  granted  for  rapid  transit  (  Ca- 
ble and  Western). 

Opening  of  Exi30sitit)U  IJuildiug,  and  first  an- 
nual Exposition. 

1885. 

Ciround  broken   for  first  lofty  fire-proof  office 
building. 

188(5. 

First  cable  road  operated. 

Union  Depot  Company  formed. 

General  activity  commenced  in  building  asso- 
ciations. 

1887. 

Streets  first  sprinkled  by  municipal  contracts. 

Charter  obtained  for  second  bridge  acro.ss  the 
Mississippi  at  St.  Louis. 


MANUFACTURES. 


27 


St.    Louis   made    a    central    reserve    city    for 
national  banks  of  other  cities. 
1888. 

Work  commenced  on  new  Water-works,   ca- 
pacity l()(),()(t(i,(HK)  (rallons  daily. 

General  mo\-cment  inaugurated  to  Imild  frciL^lit 
depots  on  this  side  of  river  for  eastern  roads. 
1889. 

Merchants'  liridge  constructed. 

First  electric  cars  successfully  operated. 

Largest  electric  arc  light  works   in  the  world 

constructed. 

1890. 

Merchants'  Bridge  opened  for  traffic. 
Foundation-stone  of  new  City  Hall  laid. 
Streets  and  alleys  lighted  by  electricity. 

1891. 
First  county  electric  road  constructed. 
New  Mercantile  Club  Building  commenced. 
St.  Louis  Traffic  Commission  organized. 
Work  commenced  on  new  Union  Station. 
Autumnal  Festivities  Association  formed,  and 
more  than  $500,000  subscribed. 


1892. 

Work  commenced  on  New  Planters'  House, 

$2, ()()(), (lOO  hotel. 

Sixteen  million  dollars  appropriated  by  Con- 
gress for  improv'ement  of  Mississippi  river. 

First  postal  street  railroad  carrun  in  the  United 
States  on  a  St.  Louis  electric  railroad. 

New  buildings  erected  with  a  total  frontage 
of  thirt\'-nine  miles. 

Grand  Columl)ian  street  illumination. 

Smoke  Abatement  .Vssociation  formed. 

189H. 

Electric  street  car  system  completed,  and  last 
horse  car  run  down-town. 

Legislation  against  black  and  gray  smoke,  and 
first  prosecutions  under  the  ordinance. 

National  financial  uneasiness.  No  bank  or 
other  failures  in  St.  Louis. 

Cit)'  four  per  cent  renewal  bonds  placed  in 
Ivondon  at  par. 

Largest  Union  Railroad  Station  in  the  world 
l^ractically  completed. 


CHAPTER     III. 

MANUFACTURES. 

A    BRier   SUMMARY   OF    THE    IMMENSE    IMPORTANCE    OF    THE   MANUFACTURINl  i  INTERESTS  OF 

NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


JT  HAS  BKICN  asserted  b_\-  pt)lilical  econo- 
mists of  every  school,  that  production  is 
tlie  oidy  actual  and  reliable  source  of 
wealth.  Every  nation  that  has  attained 
eminence  of  a  permanent  character  has 
done  so  b\-  and  with  the  aid  (.)f  its  manu- 
factures; and  every  country  which  has  gained 
temjiorary  precedence  by  any  other  means  has 
found  its  glories  transitory  and  its  supremacy 
short-lived.  Statesmen  and  pliilosophers  have 
differed  as  to  the  best    means    of    encouraging 


hiinie  industries,  l)ul  while  the  word  "protec- 
tion" has  acquired  a  political  meaning,  and 
has  become  a  party  watch-word,  every  party  in 
every  country  claims  that  its  policy  is  designed 
to  foster  mamifactnring  in  its  own  territory,  and 
to  encourage  the  production  of  commodities  of 
every  description  at  home.  Especially  is  this 
the  case  in  a  comparatively  new  country  like  tlie 
United  States.  In  the  early  struggles  of  colon- 
ists and  exiles,  every  luxury — including  in  the 
term  mauv  articles  wliicii  habit  has  made  nee- 


28 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  l.OUIS. 


essaries  of  every-day  life — had  to  be  iniportL-d 
from  older  countries,  and  the  rise  of  the  nation 
in  wealth  and  influence  has  been  the  immediate 
and  direct  result  of  the  increase  in  its  manufact- 
ures which,  although  slow  at  times,  has  always 
been  continuous.  Adam  Smith  and  Stuart 
Mill,  and  indeed  all  authorities  on  political 
economy,  have  proved  that  manufacturing  and 
greatness  go  hand  in  hand,  and  although  the 
majority  of  our  statesmen  during  the  last  quarter 
of  a  century,  have  favored  measures  at  variance 
in  detail  with  the  theories  of  these  authorities, 
the  policy  has  invariably  been  to  expedite  man- 
ufacturing supremacy. 

And  as  it  is  with  nations,  so  is  it  with  cities.  The 
"boom"  towns  of  the  West,  which  built  up  in  a 
day,  fell  by  the  wayside  almost  as  rapidly,  because 
the  growth  was  not  the  result  of  legitimate  de- 
mand, and  because  the  local  manufacturing  in- 
dustry was  not  extensive  enough  to  warrant  or 
maintain  the  growth.  The  solid  substantial  cities 
of  the  East  have,  on  the  other  hand,  held  their  own 
because  of  the  practical  monopoly  they  have  en- 
joyed in  the  production  of  commodities  called  for 
by  the  entire  country.  St.  Louis  owes  its  unique 
prosperity  to  the  same  cause — to  the  immeuse- 
nessof  its  manufactures  and  the  rapid  increase  in 
the  amount  of  capital  invested,  wages  paid,  and 
goods  produced.  The  influences  alluded  to  in 
the  preceding  chapter  made  the  manufacturing 
greatness  of  the  city  possible,  and  the  greatness 
in  turn  has  guaranteed  the  city  a  glorious  future. 

Up  to  the  time  when  New  St.  Louis  reared 
its  head  and  asserted  itself  over  Old  St.  Louis, 
very  little  encouragement  was  offered  to  outside 
capital  or  capitalists;  and  in  a  number  of  in- 
stances enterprises  of  great  value  were  in  conse- 
quence lost  to  the  city.  But  as  the  manufactur- 
ing public  found  that  a  new  order  of  things  pre- 
vailed, immigration  of  the  most  advantageous 
character  set  in.  Firms  and  corporations  came 
from  other  cities  and  infused  new  life  and  energy 
into  our  institutions,  encouraging  a  spirit  of 
friendly  rivalry  and  adding  immensely  to  the 
capacity  and  output.  St.  Louis  is  pre-eminentK- 
the  best  adapted  city  on  the  continent  for  man- 
ufacturing.    Situated  a  short  distance  west  and 


south  of  the  center  of  population,  it  offers  ad- 
vantages in  the  way  of  distribution  second  to  no 
other  city,  and  its  magnificent  railroad  and  river 
connections  enable  tlu-se  advantages  to  be  made 
the  most  of.  Raw  material  of  c\ery  description 
is  close  at  hand,  and  coal,  the  great  source  of 
mechanical  power,  is  abundant  and  cheap.  The 
southern  Illinois  coal  fields  yield  an  unlimited 
supply  of  excellent  coal,  which  is  deli\-ered  to 
factories  at  prices  which  excite  the  en\-\-  of  man- 
ufacturers located  elsewhere.  The  ])rice  varies 
according  to  the  side-track  facilities  and  the 
length  of  the  haul,  but  contracts  are  now  being 
executed  at  prices  as  low  as  $L  20,  and  even  less, 
per  ton.  No  other  large  manufacturing  city  can 
offer  such  inducements  as  this,  and  in  most  of 
them  the  cost  of  coal  is  at  least  twice  as  great. 
Only  the  manufacturer  realizes  what  an  im])()r- 
tant  factor  is  the  price  of  coal  in  his  calculations, 
and  the  advantage  which  the  cheap  and  good 
coal  of  St.  Louis  gives  to  the  St.  Louis  producer 
over  his  competitors  elsewhere. 

The  output  of  the  coal  fields,  which  are  so 
close  to  St.  Louis  that  they  are  part  and  parcel 
of  its  manufacturing  greatness,  is  enormous, 
amounting  to  thirty  million  tons  annually.  The 
receipts  of  coal  at  St.  Louis  for  the  la.st  ten  years, 
or  since  the  cit)''s  awakening  to  the  New  St. 
Louis  idea,  are  worth  placing  on  record,  because 
thev  show  what  immense  increase  has  been 
made  in  the  consumption  of  the  great  power  cre- 
ating article  without  which  manufacturing  can- 
not successfulh'  be  carried  on. 


liitumlnousCoal 
Hushels. 

Anthracite  Coal. 

Tons. 

Coke . 
litishels. 

1883     

50,687.225 
52,349  600 
53,387,064 
61,258.525 
66, .524,925 
67,676,875 
65,403,025 
69,477,225 
72.078.225 
82,302,228 

52,000 

62,000 

80,000 

70,000 

131,600 

136,600 

121,500 

124,335 

139,050 

187,327 

6,956,500 

1884 

3,190,150 

1885     

3,500,000 

1886   

5,463,950 

1887  

1888  

1889 

9,.5S4,350 
6,757,550 
8,646.200 

1890 

9,919,850 

1891  

1S92 

6,924,250 
8,914,400 

There  are  many  other  influences  which  have 
combined  to  force  New  St.  Louis  to  the  front  in 
this  all-important  feature.     These  will  be  found 


MAN  UFA  C  TURKS. 


29 


cnlarijed  tipon  in  otlitr  jiortions  of  this  work. 
It  will  suffice  here  to  show  briefly  to  what 
ciniuence  St.  Louis  has  already  attained  as  a 
manufacturing  city. 

St.  Louis  has  (),()()()  factories. 

It  has  the  largest  shot  tower  in  America. 

It  has  the  largest  iron  jail  factory  in  the  world. 

It  has  the  largest  stamping  plant  in  the  coun- 
try. 

It  manufactures  more  tobacco  than  any  other 
city. 

It  manufactures  more  chairs  than  au\-  other 
cit>-. 

Its  sugar  refineries  include  the  largest  in  the 
world. 

It  has  the  largest  cracker  factor)'  in  the 
world. 

It  is  first  in  the  ]')roduction  of  .stoves  and 
ranges. 

It  has  the  largest  woodenware  factors'  in 
America. 

It  produces  more  boots  and  shoes  than  any 
other  city. 

It  has  the  largest  and  best  equipped  brewery 
in  America. 

It  easily  leads  in  the  manufacture  of  saddlery 
and  harness. 

The  value  of  the  ]")roduct  of  bSiK)  was  doid)le 
that  of  ISSO. 

It  is  the  fifth  largest  manufacturing  cit\  in  the 
Tuiled  Slates. 

It  has  the  largest  terra  cotta  factorv  in  the 
United  States. 

Its  factory  cmplo\es  earn  an  a\erage  of  about 
8200, 000  a  day. 

It  leads  in  the  manufacture  of  street  cars  of 
every  description. 

It  has  the  largest  boot  and  shoe  factors'  under 
one  roof  in  the  Ihiiou. 

It  is  the  only  western  cit\  manufacturing 
silverware  to  any  extent. 

Its  reclining  chairs  are  in  use  in  railroad  cars 
in  ten  different  countries. 

It  is  the  third  largest  furniture  manufacturing 
cit\  in  the  United  States. 

Its  factories  find  employment  for  one-si.xth  of 
the  city's  total  population. 


It  manufactures  more  cofTins  and  caskets  than 
any  other  city  in  the  world. 

It  has  recently  executed  the  largest  order  for 
steam  railroad  cars  ever  placed. 

It  has  the  largest  jeans  factory  in  the  United 
States,  and  probably  in  the  world. 

It  manufactures  one-fourth  of  the  entire  to- 
bacco product  of  the  United  States. 

It  manufactured  street  cars  which  are  in  daily 
use  in   England,  Australia  and  Ja]ian. 

Its  monthly  manufactured  product  is  .sold  for 
sufficient  to  pay  off  the  entire  city  debt. 

It  is  the  fourth  largest  producer  of  men's 
clothing,  and  leads  in  the  higher  grades. 

It  has  the  largest  press  brick,  fire  brick  and 
sewer  pipe  factories  in  the  United  States. 

It  is  first  in  the  manufacture  of  white  lead, 
with  the  largest  white  lead  factory  in  the  world. 

It  has  a  tobacco  factory  which  has  paid  more 
go\-ernment  tax  than  anv  other  factory  in  the 
Union. 

It  is  the  home  of  the  largest  electric  arc  light 
plant  and  the  largest  incandescent  station  in 
America. 

Its  millers  manufacture  more  flour  than  those 
of  any  other  city  in  the  world,  with  but  one 
exception. 

It  manufactured  more  of  the  glass  used  in  the 
World's  Fair  buildings  than  any  other  three 
cities  combined. 

Its  manufactures  are  more  extensive  than  those 
of  Kansas  City,  Omaha,  Denser  and  San  Fran- 
cisco combined. 

Its  annual  manufactured  product,  on  a  cash 
valuation,  is  twelve  times  as  great  as  the  city's 
bonded  indebtedness. 

Its  manufactured  ]iroduct  is  equal  in  value  to 
o\er  .8100  per  annum  pt-r  inhabitant,  including 
men,  women  and  children. 

It  is  the  greatest  distributing  point  for  agri- 
cultural machinery,  and  ranks  among  the  larg- 
est manufacturing  cities  in  this  specialty. 

Its  factory  emjiloyes  are  2,')  per  cent  more 
luimerous  than  when  the  census  was  taken  in 
b*<IK),  as  proved  by  the  State  Labor  Coniniis- 
sioner's  report,  pnlilished  early  in  the  winter  of 
18y3. 


30 


OLD  AND  N1-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


THE  a  A  IS  /,V 

EASTERy  CITIES  DURING 

THE  EIGHTIES. 


Tliis  list  docs  not 
include  cver\'  indus- 
try or  factory  which 
is  a  record-breaker. 
It  is  rather  typical  than  complete,  and  is  given 
for  the  purpose  of  showing  that  when  the  state- 
ment is  made  that  St.  Louis  is  a  manufacturing 
monarch,  there  is  not  even  a  suspicion  of  exag- 
geration. No  other  city  in  the  world  can  claim 
such  cosmopolitanism  in  its  manufactures,  and 
no  other  city  can  produce  such  a  showing  of 
excellence  in  such  a  vast  number  of  varying  lines 
and  branches.  Nor  are  the  claims  a  mere 
matter  of  surmise.  They  are  based  ujDon  actual 
facts  and  figures  recorded  in  the  census  of  l-SitO 
(Bulletin  170),  and  have  hence  the  stamp  of 
official  confirmation.  The  progress  made  since 
the  war  has  been  both  rapid  and  continuous. 
In  1860,  St.  Louis  ranked  ninth  in  the  list  of 
manufacturing  cities.  The  returns  for  1870 
were  so  notoriously  inaccurate  that  they  are 
worthless  for  purposes  of  comparison;  but  the 
year  1880  found  St.  Louis  in  the  sixth  place, 
with  an  annual  product  of  $  104,000,000.  It  was 
still  led  by  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Brooklyn 
and  Boston,  in  addition  to  which  Chicago  had 
risen  to  third  place.  Pittsburgh  was  entirely  dis- 
tanced and  Providence,  Newark,  Cincinnati  and 
Baltimore  were  left  far  in  the  rear,  St.  Louis 
having  made  a  growth  of  about  400  per  cent 
for  the  twenty  years  as  against  their  compara- 
tively small  increases. 

During  the  eighties  the  influence  of  New 
St.  Louis  made  itself  felt  in  a  most  decisive 
manner  in  its  manufactures,  and  during  the  de- 
cade it  made  a  greater  increase  than  any  of  the 
.great  Eastern  centers  of  manufactnre.  Thus  the 
manufactured  product  doubled  itself  during  the 
ten  years,  while  the  increase  in  New  York  was 
but  fifty-six  per  cent,  in  Philadelphia  seventy- 
two  per  cent,  in  Cincinnati  sixty-seven  per 
cent,  and  in  Baltimore  sixty-nine  per  cent.  In 
the  amount  of  capital  invested  a  comparison  is 
still  more  favorable  to  St.  Louis,  which  made  a 
gain  of  180  per  cent  during  the  decade  while 
the  increase  in  New  York,  Philadelphia  and 
Baltimore  averaged  100  per  cent,  and  the  gain 


in  Cincinnati  was  about  seventy-seven  per  cent. 
These  phenomenal  gains  easily  placed  St.  Louis 
in  the  fifth  place,  Boston  being  overtaken  in  the 
race  and  only  New  York,  Chicago,  Philadelphia 
and  Brooklyn  left  in  front  of  New  St.  Louis  in 
the  race  for  manufacturing  supremacy. 

Chicago  still  leads  St.  Louis  in  manufactures. 
It  is  not  proposed  in  this  work  to  go  into  details 
o\er  the  battle  royal  between  the  metropolis  of 
the  Northwest  and  the  metropolis  of  the  West 
and  Southwest.  The  contest  has  been  of  so  long 
duration  and  its  discussion  has  become  so  tire- 
some in  consequence  of  the  almost  innumerable 
charges  and  counter-charges  made,  that  the  sub- 
ject can  profitably  be  ignored.  The  territory  of 
each  city  is  so  different  that  there  is  ample  room 
for  both  and  while  Chicago  has  derived  immense 
advantage  from  the  enormous  growth  of  the 
new  States  in  the  Northwest,  St.  Louis  has  the 
benefit  of  the  almost  exclusive  trade  of  the 
equally  important  and  even  more  promising 
States  of  the  West,  Southwest  and  South.  Omit- 
ting Chicago  from  the  calculation,  we  find 
St.  Louis  by  all  odds  the  great  manufacturing 
head  of  the  West.  The  value  if  its  product  is 
almost  twice  as  great  as  that  of  San  Francisco, 
three  times  as  large  as  that  of  ^Minneapolis,  six 
times  as  large  as  that  of  Omaha,  seven  times  as 
great  as  either  vSt.  Paul  or  Kansas  City,  eight 
times  as  large  as  Denver,  twenty  times  as  great 
as  St.  Joseph,  and  so  much  larger  than  that  of 
any  other  Western  manufacturing  point  as  to 
make  calculations  and  comparisons  impossible 
and  percentage  tedious.  The  value  of  the  man- 
tifactured  product  of  St.  Louis  is  equal  to  the 
combined  output  of  San  Francisco,  Denver, 
Omaha,  Kansas  City,  St.  Joseph  and  all  other 
strictly  Western  cities. 

It  is  not  desired  to  oc- 
cupy space  with  a  nmlti- 
plicity  of  tables  or  com- 
parisons, but  the  census 
of  1890  being  necessarily  the  basis  ui^on  which 
a  treatise  on  the  city's  manufactures  has  to  be 
based  it  is  necessarj'  to  give  a  table  showing  the 
totals  in  the  most  important  lines  of  industry. 
This  is  given  on  the  following  page: 


THE  RECORD 

OF  THE 

ELEVENTH  CENSUS. 


MAN  UFA  CTURES. 


31 


MANUFACTURING   INDUSTRIKS  IN  ST.  I.OUIS, 

CENSUS    OK    1890. 


INDUSTRIKS. 

No.  of 

Rstablish- 
ments. 

Capital 
Employed. 

Value  of 
Product. 

AKiiculUual  Imprints. 

4 
3 

14 

219 

14 
24 

291 

38 

407 

114 

24 

16 

13 
348 

9 
48 
71 

21 

103 

121 
5 
6 

23 

15 

8 

7 

23 

160 
3 

331 

14 

58 

4 

124 

213 

110 

60 
10 

$       686,484 
174,425 
3;3,181 

406,121 

196,618 
4,170,027 

1,244,167 
2,531,128 
4,364  659 
2,523,448 

2,453,443 
1,500,068 

939,996 
5,765,150 

816,588 
1,078,426 
1,042,643 

4,320,955 

111,184,926 

3,108,211 

842,354 

2.655,199 

1.732,748 

682.7.53 
15.910.417 

2,766.012 

1,860,036 

4.436. 57S 
1,018.562 

867.194 
3.498,107 

1,601,999 
1,2.S1),486 
581.067 
5.192.II6."> 
2.160,963 

3.274.671 

806.301 

$    1,107,454 
431,228 

HmU'^;  and  Yeast  Powdr 
lUac-ksinilliiii),'        a  ii  d 

Whcelwr  ighliiig 

Bookbiiidiiii;  and  iil'nk 

Hook  Making 

403,772 

898,177 

3.36,227 
4,250,961 

3,597,392 
1,691,692 

Bread    and    otlier  Bak- 
ery rroducts 

Carpentering  

Carriages  and  Wagons 
Cars    iKailroad,  Street 
and  Repairs) 

10,364,922 
3,603,735 

0,641,252 

2,672,749 

Clay   and  Pottery  Pro- 
ducts   

Clothing,  Men's 

Coffee      and    Spices, 
Roast'g  and  Griud'g 

899,855 
9,630,688 

2,466,392 
2,462,037 

1,912,779 

I'louring    and     Grist 

12,641,0(10 

Foundry  and   Machine 

Shop  Products 

Furniture,     Upholster- 

11,945.493 

4,658.546 

Class  

Iron  and  Steel 

Iron  Works,  Architect- 
ural and  Ornamental 

Leather,    Tanned    and 
Curried      

838.931) 
2.513,761 

2,023,526 

1,502,680 

Liquors.  Malt 

Lumber  ami  other  Mill 

Products  and   Logs 
Lunil>er,   Planing    jMill 

Products 

Masonry,     Brick      and 

Stone      

16,18a,560 
1,689,832 

3,061,178 
9,122,952 

Oil,  Linseed 

Painting      and      Paper 
Hanging 

1,438,201 

2,841,041 
3.163,818 

Patent   Medicines   and 

Compounds    

I'hunbers'  Materials 
I'lnmli'g  and  Ga^^fit'g  - 
Piint'g  and  Pulilish'g 
Saddlery  and  Harness 
Slaughtering  and  Meat 
Pack  ing            

2,196,416 
1,465,371 
1.651,169 
8,551,349 
2,803,961 

12,047,316 

.Soap  and  Candles 

1,203,406 

Tin     smithing.   Copper 
smithing     and  Sheet 
Iron  Working 

132 

1.1.32.588 

2,369,540 

Tobacco,     C  h  e  \v  i  u  g. 
Smoking  and  Snuff 

12 

3.894,320 

14,354,165 

Tobacco,     Cigars     and 

Cigarettes  

All  other  Industries 

296 
2,632 

787.520 
S-i.giS  588 

1,558  401 
54,515.383 

Total,  1890 

6.148 

5140.775.392 
J  507832.885 

5228.714,317 

Total    1880        ..    . 

2.924 

n1  14,333,375 

Tlie  exact  percentage  of  increase  in  the  vari- 
ous features  is  best  ascertained  by  deducting 
several  minor  industries  not  included  in  the 
returns  for  1««0,  wliich  leaves  the  figures  as 
follows: 


Number  of  establish 

ments    reported 5.453 

Number    of     hands    em 

ployed 90.96(: 

Capital   invested $133  292.699 

Miscellaneous  expenses..  17.381.274 

Wages  paid    52.170,536 

Cost  of  materials  used 120,887,355 

Value  at  factory  of  goods 

manufactured |  225,500,657 


1S90. 


1880. 


2,924 


41,825 


Per  cent 

of 
increase 


86.49 
117.49 


$50,832,885     162.22 


17,743.532 
76,379,867 

114,333.375 


194.03 
60.37 

97.23 


The  great  reduction  of  prices  in  almost  even,- 
line  accounts  for  the  fact  that  although  capital 
and  wages  show  an  increase  of  ll)2  and  1114  per 
cent,  the  value  of  the  product  only  increased  i'T 
per  cent.  In  actual  weight  and  bulk  the  in- 
crease was  far  greater. 

The  way  in  which  St.  Louis  has  gained  on 
the  largest  eastern  manufacturing  cities  during 
the  last  thirty  years,  is  shown  by  the  following 
comparisons  of  the  \-alue  of  annual  product: 


New\ork...|^yj,„ 
Philadelphia 
Cincinnati  . . 
Boston 

Brooklyn  .  .  . 
Baltimore. .  . 
Pittsburgh.  . 
St.  Louis  . .  . 


[  18(i() 
\  18!)0 

\  ISCO 
■[  ISitll 

f  ISbO 
\  IfSiK) 

f  ISlW) 
I  l.S'.K) 

f  ISCO 
\  I.SIK) 

f  ISCO 
\  ISilO 


f  ISCO 
ISilO 


$lt)0,00(),000 
770,000,000 

1.3.T,000,()00 
577,000,000 

47,000,000 

i;t(),ooo,ooo 

.S7, 000,000 

210,000,1X10 

34^01)0, 000 
2()!l,000,000 

2!  1, 0(^0, 000 
141,000,000 

2fi, 000,000 
126,000,000 

27,000,000 
22.S,000.000 


In  IMiO  ilie  seven  large  eastern  cities  mann- 
f.iclnrrd  se\'enteen  times  as  much  as  St.  Louis; 
in  bS'.H)  Si.  I, mils  juoducts  equaled  one-tenth 
llie  total  ftir  tlie  seven  cities  combined. 

Since  isiio  tlie  manufacturing  output  of  the 


32 


OLD  AXn  NI-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


seven  eastern  cities  has  increased  less  than  .'JOO 
per  cent ;  during  the  same  period  the  increase 
in  St.  Louis  has  bcoi  nearly  one  llt()itsaiid  per 
cent. 

A  glance  at  these  figures  shows  how  iniposiblc 
it  is  to  exaggerate  the  greatness  of  the  cit}'  in 
the  important  detail  of  manufactures.  It  will 
be  observed  that  the  percentage  of  increase  in 
the  luimber  of  establishments  reported,  the 
number  of  hands  eniplo}-ed,  the  capital  invested, 
the  wages  paid,  the  cost  of  material  used,  and 
the  value  of  the  product  varied  from  sixty  to 
nearly  two  hundred  per  cent,  with  an  average 
of  over  ir)0  per  cent.  It  will  also  be  noted  that 
the  greatest  increase  was  in  wages  paid,  a  fact 
which  has  a  great  deal  to  do  with  the  poj^ularity 
of  St.  Louis  manufactures.  St.  Louis  has  alwa\s 
been  noted  for  the  high  grade  of  workmanship 
its  products  display,  and  this  is  the  result  in 
large  measure  of  the  care  exercised  in  its  selec- 
tion of  mechanics,  and  the  inducements  offered 
them  over  and  above  those  held  forth  in  other 
cities.  The  sweating  system  is  practically  un- 
known in  St.  Louis,  wdiich  is  also  noted  through- 
out the  entire  country  for  the  excellence  of  its 
manufacturing  plants  and  the  modernness  of  its 
machinery. 

It  would  be  interesting,  if  space  permitted,  to 
trace  in  detail  the  causes  which  have  led  to  the 
center  of  American  manufacturing  leaving  the 
Atlantic  States,  but  this  would  hardly  come 
within  the  province  of  an  article  of  this  char- 
acter. One  great  reason  for  the  growth  of  man- 
ufactures of  every  kind  is  the  marvelous  increase 
in  population  and  wealth  of  the  district  of  which 
St.  Louis  is  the  commercial  and  financial  me- 
tropolis. This  will  be  found  more  fully  enlarged 
upon  in  the  chapter  relating  to  St.  Louis  as  a 
commercial  metropolis  and  distributing  point, 
and  it  need  only  be  said  here  that  rapid  as  has 
been  the  increase  of  the  city's  manufactures,  it 
has  continued  to  act  as  a  distributing  point  for 
other  manufacturing  centers,  and  that  in  many 
lines  its  jobbers  actually  import  more  goods 
from  other  centers  than  in  the  days  when  our 
manufacturing  output  was  comparatively  insig- 
nificant. 


TWO    WAYS    OF        AwriterintheAVa'/r;/<V^;;^ 

A//imj:/ne   in    Tanuarv,    isi)2, 
LOOKING  AT  ,  .  ,       ,  , 

speaknig     ot     the     mar\elous 

PLAIN  FIGURES.       ,  i     i       c^     i  • 

showing  made  by  St.  Louis  in 

the  census  returns  which  had  just  been  made 
public,  says,  with  a  lingering  remembrance  of 
the  Old  St.  Louis  idea,  and  with  evident  danger 
of  being  classed  as  a  town  boomer  or  an  extrav- 
agant writer : 

"  I  now  come  to  speak  of  the  great  activity 
which  absorbed  the  working  strength  and  ener- 
gies of  our  people.  The  situation  of  vSt.  Louis, 
at  the  junction  or  two  great  ri\'ers  and  at  the 
head  of  deep-water  navigation,  naturally  sug- 
gests trade  rather  than  manufacture,  )et,  even 
now,  it  is  pre-eminently  a  manufacturing  city. 
The  reports  of  the  tenth  and  ele\enth  censuses 
furnish  figures  which  indicate  in  a  most  em- 
phatic manner  the  growth  and  tendency  of  the 
city  in  the  direction  of  manufacture  during  the 
past  ten  years.  I  dare  not  quote  those  fig- 
ures here — they  make  ashowing  so  extravagantly 
favorable  as  to  suggest  criticism.  It  is  probable 
that  the  business  statistics  for  1<SS()  and  those 
for  18110  were  compiled  in  very  different  ways, 
and  that  comparison  should  be  made  with  cau- 
tion." 

This  rather  reminds  one  of  the  story  of  the 
boy,  who,  coming  home  from  school  with  a  very 
favorable  report  of  his  year's  work,  handed  it 
to  his  father  with  an  apology  for  being  at  the 
head  of  his  class,  explaining  that  the  remainder 
of  the  boys  were  inclined  to  be  indifferent,  and 
that  it  was  doubtful  whether  the  system  of 
marking  and  awarding  prizes  w'as  good  enough 
to  be  accepted  as  final  j^roof  of  the  superiority  of 
those  at  the  top  of  the  class,  or  the  intellectual 
inferiority  or  indifference  of  those  at  the  bottom. 
In  striking  contrast  to  this  self-abnegation  and 
pessimism  is  the  explanation  which  Mr.  Robert 
P.  Porter,  Superintendent  of  the  Eleventh  Cen- 
sus, thought  proper  to  add  to  the  first  informa- 
tion ever  given  out  concerning  the  results  of  the 
industrial  census  of  18110.  In  an  address  before 
the  Commercial  Club,  on  November  21st,  1891, 
Mr.  Porter  went  very  fully  into  the  returns,  a 
synopsis  of  which   he    had    brought    with   him 


MANUFACTi  'RliS. 


33 


from  Washington,  and  conclufkd  a  tlunuughl} 
conser\ative  and  logical  argument  with  this 
peroration: 

"  I-la\-e  we  not  here  in  the  ta])les  which  indi- 
cate the  story  of  ten  years  of  nmnicipal  indus- 
trial and  commercial  progress  of  a  great  center 
of  population  many  things  which  an  organiza- 
tion such  as  the  Commercial  Club  of  St.  I^ouis 
can  rejoice  and  feel  proud  over?  In  ten  years 
you  have  added  o\'er  a  hundred  thousand  to  your 
city  population,  an  increase  of  nearly  thirty  per 
cent !  The  mileage  of  railroads  tributary  to 
your  city  has  gone  from  35,000  to  .")7,()i)()  niiles, 
an  increase  of  sixty-one  per  cent,  while  the 
mileage  centering  in  the  city  has  increased  over 
111,000  miles,  and  is  now  more  than  2."), 0(10 
miles.  Vou  received  in  l.siH)  1."), 000, 000  tons  of 
freight,  an  increa.se  of  (1, 400,000  tons  over 
I'SsO.  In  spite  of  the  change  from  water  to 
rail,  your  waterways  are  still  a  source  of  profit 
and  can  be  made  still  more  .so.  Over  $70,000,000 
lias  sought  investment  in  new  industry  since 
IS.SO.  Over  44,000  additional  artisans  have 
l)een  given  emplovment,  making  a  total  of  about 
i^(!,000  engaged  in  manufacturing  occupations. 
Vou  are  distributing  annually  nearly  8r>0, 000, 000 
in  wages,  and  have  increased  your  pay-rolls 
.<;;;o, 000, 0(10  since  bs.so.  The  value  of  the 
manufactured  jirodnct  has  grown  from  about 
si  1  I, ()()(), 000  to  nearly  ^214,0(10,000,  again  of  a 
cool  hundred  million  dollars.  And  in  the  fact 
that  the  number  of  children  employed  in  your 
industry  has  decreased  can  be  discerned  humane 
sentiment  with  this  increased  prosperity.  Your 
nmnicipal  finance  is  sound;  your  debt  is  decreas- 
ing, and  your  v.'calth  is  $141,000,000  greater 
than  when  the  last  national  inventory  was 
taken. 

"These  are  the  simple  official  facts.  They  are 
not  presented  with  local  coloring,  but  the  data 
had  been  collected  by  government  agents  under 
tlie  strict  rules  which  apjijy  to  all  other  com- 
mnnities,  and  for  ct)niparison  with  all  other 
cities  under  a  system,  the  tendency  of  which 
nmst  necessarily  be  to  understatement  rather 
than  overstatement.  \\'ithiu  a  few  days  >ou, 
as  citizens  of  this  fair  and  jirogressive  city  and 


of  the  United  States,  will  be  called  upon  to  give 
thanks  for  the  numerous  blessings  which  Al- 
mighty God  has  bestowed  upon  the  people  of 
this  country.  Is  it  presuming  too  much  to  ven- 
ture the  suggestion  that  the  continued  pros- 
perit}'  of  )our  own  city,  as  shown  by  the  elev- 
enth census,  should  come  in  for  at  least  a  share 
of  your  gratitude,  and  that  you  may  view  with 
a  spirit  of  fairness  a  census  that  has  announced 
to  the  world  such  gralif\ing  facts  abcmt  the 
great  Southwestern  river  city  of  the  American 
Continent?"  * 

This  quotation,  from  what  may  be  described 
as  an  official  speech  by  a  thoroughly  imj^artial 
government  official,  should  surely  be  accepted 
as  proof  positive  that  the  figures  relating  to  the 
manufactures  of  St.  Louis,  as  published  in  the 
eleventh  census,  may  be  relied  upon.  If  any- 
thing, they  understate  rather  than  overstate  the 
increase  in  the  manufacturing  importance  of 
St.  Louis,  because  it  is  a  notorious  fact  that  a 
higher  standard  was  adojjted  in  deciding  what 
was  and  was  not  a  manufacturing  establishment. 
Thus  while  many  small  workshops  and  factories 
were  omitted  from  the  calculations  of  IH'tO,  in 
18.S0  very  little  discrimination  was  used,  and 
the  2,924  establishments  then  reported  included 
some  far  below  the  standard  adopted  ten  years 
later.  But  the  census  returns  for  ISJK)  show 
how  nuirvclously  the  New  St.  Louis  idea  had 
taken  hold  of  the  city,  and  how  success  already 
achieved  was  acting  as  an  inducement  for  fur- 
ther effort.  The  St.  Louis  GI(>hi--Dciiiocral, 
commenting  editorially  on  Mr.  Porter's  speech, 
said: 

"The  truth  is,  St  Louis  has  only  just  begun 
to  improve  her  opportunities  and  to  realize  upon 
the  profits  that  logically  belong  to  her.  She 
possesses  certain  advantages  that  cannot  be 
taken  away  from  her  by  any  act  of  ho.stility, 
and  she  is  learning  how  to  make  the  best  prac- 
tical use  of  them.     There  arc  no  lurking  dau- 


♦  Mr.  Porter  spoke  from  tlie  dr.Tft  returns,  seveml  weeks 
before  their  final  revision  niiil  publication.  Hence  his  fig- 
ures differ  si  ij^htly  from  tliose  in  the  official  bulletin,  the 
latter  being  more  favorable  to  St.  I,o\iis  than  those  quoted 
by  the  Superuiteudvnt  and  upon  which  hq  calculated  his 
percentages. 


34 


01. n  Axn  x/-:\v  sv:  j.ouis. 


gcrs  ill  her  financial  and  commercial  .system.    Il 

is  entirely  sonnd  and  equal  to  all  emergencies. 

There    will   be  a  CDntinnance  of   past  success, 

with  new  triumphs  of  skill  and  energy.      The 

progress  of  St.   Louis,  in  short,  is  one  of   the 

fixed   facts  'of    American   civilization,    and   her 

citizens  have    every  reason  to  be  satisfied  and 

grateful." 

„  Passing    from    St.    Louis 

ST.  LOUIS  BOOT  ^      ^ 

manufactures   generally    to 

the  various  lines  in  which 

SHOE  FACTORIES.      ,,  .  ,     ,  , 

the  most  remarkable  prog- 
ress has  been  made,  and  in  which  St.  Louis 
most  particularly  excels,  it  is  natural  to  deal 
first  with  shoes,  because  in  this  line  the  gain 
has  been  phenomenal.  Old  St.  Louis  made 
very  few  shoes,  and  during  the  seventies  little 
advance  was  made  in  this  industry.  At  that 
time  Xew  England  had  a  practical  monopoly  in 
shoe  manufacturing,  and  the  idea  of  the  west 
producing  a  rival  to  Boston  and  Lynn  had  never 
been  thought  of.  Now,  however,  St.  Louis  has 
the  largest  shoe  factory  under  one  roof  in  the 
country,  with  others  almost  as  large  and  as  well 
equipped,  and  it  manufactures  more  shoes  than 
any  other  single  city  in  the  Union.  The  accu- 
racy of  this  assertion  has  been  challenged,  and 
it  is  undoubtedly  true  that  Boston  is  still  the 
greatest  distributing  point  for  boots  and  shoes 
in  America,  and  probably  in  the  world.  But 
Boston  is  situated  in  the  mid.st  of  a  shoe  manu- 
facturing district,  and  by  actual  count  it  dies 
not  produce  within  its  city  limits  as  many  shoes 
as  its  once  despised  but  now  powerful  western 
rival. 

In  IJS.SO  there  were  LS4  establishments  in  St. 
'  Louis  devoted  to  the  manufacture  of  boots  and 
shoes.  The  capital  invested  was  less  than 
.$700,000,  and  the  number  of  men  employed 
was  only  658,  with  217  girls  and  197  children. 
The  aggregate  product  was  about  $1,600,000. 
It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  average  number  of 
men  per  factory  was  less  than  four,  and  that  the 
annual  value  of  the  product  was  less  than  $10,000 
per  establishment.  It  is  evident  from  these  fig- 
ures that  the  bulk  of  the  establishments  reported 
were  practically   retail   stores    with    a    custom- 


made  coiiuection,  and,  indeed,  there  were  not  in 
St.  Louis  at  that  time  any  large  factories  in  the 
1893  sense  of  the  term.  To-day  we  have  one 
factory  selling  three  times  as  many  shoes  as  the 
total  product  for  the  year  ISSO,  and  at  least  ten 
wliich  will  each  exceed  that  total  within  a  very 
short  period.  In  1MX2  St.  Louis  manufactured 
less  than  half  a  million  pair  of  shoes,  but  about 
this  period  there  was  a  distinct  awakening,  and 
in  1886  about  a  million  and  a  quarter  pairs  were 
made,  valued  at  about  $2,000,000.  For  the 
next  four  years  the  increase  was  rajnd,  and  when 
the  census  was  taken  again  in  18110  the  value  of 
the  product  was  found  to  have  increased  to 
$4,250,961,  an  increase  over  the  figures  of  1880  * 
so  enormous  as  to  make  the  most  indifferent 
wonder. 

We  have  seen  that  1880  the  average  number 
of  men  per  factor}'  was  less  than  four,  and  that 
the  annual  value  of  the  product  averaged  less 
than  ten  thousand  dollars  to  each  establishment. 
Ill  1890  the  average  number  of  hands  per  fac- 
tory was  one  hundred,  and  the  average  product 
of  each  factory  was  nearly  $140,000.  The  cus- 
tom work  and  repairing  shops,  which  were 
classed  as  factories  in  LSSO^  were  returned  sep- 
arately in  1.S90  and  numbered  477.  It  will  be 
seen  from  these  figures  that  the  census  enume- 
rators in  1880  were  much  more  lenient  and  less 
exacting  than  those  of  1890,  and  that  during  the 
ten  years  St.  Louis  practically  establislied  what 
may  be  termed  a  wholesale  shoe  maiiufacturing 
industry,  and  brought  it  into  the  first  rank. 
vSince  the  census  was  taken  in  18;il)  the  output 
has  more  than  doubled.  New  factories,  magni- 
ficent in  elevation  and  marvelous  in  internal  ar- 
rangement and  equipment,  have  been  erected 
every  year,  and  these  ha\e  enabled  tlie  city  to 
outstrip  more  competitors.  To-day  the  monthly 
output  is  larger  than  the  annual  output  twelve, 
if  not  ten,  years  ago.  In  other  words  St.  Louis 
is  manufacturing  boots  and  shoes  worth  a  mill- 
ion dollars  every  month  in  the  year,  and  is  add- 
ing to  its  capacity  with  a  regularity  and 
persistency  which  indicates  that  before  the 
end  of  the  present  century  it  will  have  at- 
tained   an    eminence    in  this   line    which  will 


MAN  UFA  CTURES. 


35 


make  it  the  s^rcat  inamifacturiii.af  and  distiibnt- 
ing  point  of  the  l)ulk  of  the  American  continent. 
Its  factories  are  a  snljject  of  general  admiration, 
and  are  to  be  classed  among  the  attractions 
which  excite  the  admiration  and  snrjDrise  of 
\-isitors  from  e\ery  section  of  the  Union. 

St.  Lonis-made  boots  and  shoes  are  in  demand 
all  over  the  western  and  sonthwestern  terri- 
tor)-,  and  they  are  shipped  in  very  large  nnm- 
bers  to  all  points,  quite  a  large  number  of  cases 
going  east  and  north  every  month.  The  shoes 
have  a  reputation  for  durability  and  style. 
Competing  cities  have  sometimes  stated  that 
St.  Louis  shoes  are  of  a  heavy  type,  and  that 
only  the  agricultural  and  laboring  demand  is 
catered  for.  This  is  entirely  erroneous.  Boots 
and  shoes  suitable  for  out-of-door  work  are  made 
in  St.  Louis  and  are  of  the  highest  grade,  but 
ligliter  and  more  elegant  kinds  are  also  produced 
in  immense  quantities.  St.  Louis-made  shoes 
obtained  the  highest  awards  at  the  World's  Fair, 
and  orders  are  received  from  connoisseurs  as  far 
away  as  San  Francisco  and  Montreal.  Strange 
to  say  a  comparatively  small  percentage  of  the 
local  retail  trade  is  supplied  from  St.  Louis  fac- 
tories. There  are  various  trade  reasons  for  this 
which  time  only  can  overcome.  The  president 
of  one  of  the  largest  shoe  manufacturing  corpo- 
rations in  the  city,  on  being  asked  why  it  is  so 
difficult  to  obtain  a  single  jjairof  the  remarkably 
fine  shoes  his  house  was  producing  in  such  large 
quantities,  said : 

"This  is  a  characteristic  of  the  shoe  trade  all 
over  tlie  w.irld.  Shoe  dealers  carry  more  coals 
to  Newcastle,  to  quote  the  favorite  E^nglish 
e.xpression,  than  any  other  trade.  We  ship 
immense  quantities  of  shoes  to  cities  which  have 
large  factories  of  their  own,  and  while  we  are 
sending  out  cases  by  the  thousand,  we  still 
handle  large  shipments  from  New  England. 
We  have  never  encouraged  a  local  trade  for  our 
manufactured  product,  because  we  have  found 
outside  trade  pays  the  best.  If  we  were  to  sup- 
ply the  retail  stores  direct,  we  would  have 
errand  boys  and  clerks,  at  all  hours  of  the  day, 
asking  for  individual  jiairs  of  shoes  of  special 
size  and  grade.     As  it  is,  our  orders  arc  uuich 


more  wholesale  in  character  and  suit  the  exi- 
gencies of  our  trade  nmch  better." 

The  men's  clothing  manu- 


CLOTHING. 


facture  of  St.  Louis  is,  at  least, 
ten  times  as  extensive  as  is 
generally  supposed.  Centralization  is  the  pol- 
icy in  the  shoe  trade  and  it  is  quite  easy  to 
appreciate  the  work  that  is  done  by  the  magnif- 
icent factories  which  greet  the  eye  on  every 
side;  decentralization  is  the  iiu'ariable  jxjlicy  of 
the  clothing  manufacturer,  who,  instead  of  hav- 
ing all  his  departments  under  one  roof  and  close 
at  hand,  finds  it  more  profitable  to  give  out  his 
work  in  sections  to  smaller  factories  or  shops, 
which  make  specialties  of  various  lines  of  work. 
This  plan  prevails  in  St.  Louis,  as  elsewhere, 
and  hence  there  is  very  little  to  indicate  that 
the  value  of  the  product  is  already  largely  in 
excess  of  ten  millions  per  annum  and  increasing 
rapidly.  It  is  to  the  credit  of  the  St.  Louis 
clothing  trade  that  little  or  no  shoddy  goods  are 
made  in  the  Southwestern  metropolis.  Woolen 
goods  of  varying  grades  are  chiefly  made,  large 
quantities  of  cloth  being  imported  from  the  Euro- 
pean markets,  mostly  coming  direct  in  bond 
to  the  port  of  St.  Louis.  Special  attention  is 
paid  to  cut  and  finish,  and  St.  Louis  clothes 
are  shipped  to  those  markets  which  appreciate 
a  high  grade  of  goods. 

;Mention  has  already  been  made  of  the  fact 
that  the  sweating  svstem  is  discountenanced  in 
St.  Louis.  In  no  oilier  line  of  industry  is  this 
fact  so  apparent  as  in  men's  clothing.  From 
time  to  time  exposures  have  been  made  of  the 
disease-breeding  hovels  in  which  home  work  in 
the  clothing  trade  is  performed  in  the  large 
cities  of  the  East  and  of  Europe.  Careful  in- 
vestigations by  labor  commissioners,  philanthro- 
pists and  others  have  failed  to  reveal  a  single 
instance  in  St.  Louis  where  this  dangerous  sys- 
tem prevails.  The  business  is  in  the  hands 
of  men  of  exceptional  intelligence  and  integ- 
rity, and  it  is  their  special  care  that  every 
garment  given  out  by  them  shall  be  made  and 
completed  in  a  properly  constructed  and  venti- 
lated ruotn.  The  clothing  trade  generally  ap- 
preciates this  policy,  which  is  in  a  large  measure 


36 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


FURNITURE  AND 
CHAIRS. 


responsible  for  the  ever-increasing  jxipularity  of 
St.  Louis-made  clothes. 

In  further  evidence  of  the  high  grade  o{  tlic 
product  in  this  line,  it  may  be  stated  that  ship- 
ments are  made  to  States  as  far  removed  from 
St.  Louis  as  Cieorgia,  California  and  Washing- 
ton. An  interesting  contest  has  been  going  on 
for  years  between  New  York  and  St.  Louis  for 
the  trade  of  Texas.  It  is  now  practically  over, 
St.  Louis  ha\-ing  well-nigh  dri\-cn  its  eastern 
competitor  from  the  field.  The  increase  in  the 
orders  from  this  and  other  Southwestern  States 
are  causing  phenomenal  growth  in  the  St.  Louis 
clothing  trade.  Already  the  city  has  the  largest 
jeans  factory  in  America,  and  projects  are  in 
contemplation  which  will  give  it  equal  promi- 
nence in  other  branches  of  this  industrv. 

Among  the  other  indus- 
tries which  may  be  classed 
as  domestic  in  character, 
the  furniture  manufacture  of  St.  Louis  mnst  be 
specially  mentioned  as  typifying  the  exceptional 
growth  of  the  city's  commercial  interests.  Its 
steady  and  continuous  growth  is  due  largely  to 
the  excellent  work  done  by  the  St.  Louis  Fur- 
niture Board  of  Trade,  one  of  the  most  useful 
trade  organizations  in  the  city.  Mr.  George  T. 
Parker,  Secretary  of  the  Board,  expresses  the 
situation  very  accurately  when  he  sa\s:  "Up  to 
ten  )-ears  ago  St.  Louis  was  not  known  as  nuich 
of  a  furniture  manufacturing  cit\';  ncjw  it  is  one 
of  the  foremost.  Within  ten  years  this  indus- 
try has  increased  o\er  a  hundred  per  cent.  The 
advance  of  the  city  in  all  lines  during  the  last 
decade  has  been  partly  responsible  for  this;  but 
to  the  aggressive  and  progressive  nature  of  the 
nienwho  managed  this  branch  of  industry  is  due 
the  present  business  of  fully  twenty  millions." 

It  is  only  necessary  to  glance  at  the  census 
returns  of  18S0  to  see  how  phenomenal  has  been 
the  growth  of  this  business.  There  were  in  that 
year  but  seventy-two  establishments,  employing 
about  one  thousand  hands,  to  whom  were  paid 
about  half  a  million  dollars  a  year  in  wages. 
Now  the  number  of  establishments  is  at  least 
one  hundred  and  fifty,  the  number  of  men  em- 
ployed is  considerably  in  excess  of  three  thou- 


sand, and  the  annual  disbursement  in  wages  is 
more  than  two  millions.  These  figures  include 
the  chair  factories,  which  are  e\en  more  remark- 
able in  their  growth  and  in(li\idualit\-  than  the 
establishments  devoted  to  the  jjrodnction  of  fur- 
niture of  various  kinds.  Especiall)-  in  reclining 
chairs  for  railroads  has  St.  Louis  made  itself 
famous;  and  contracts  involving  thousands  of 
dollars  in  this  line  alone  are  constantly  being 
placed  in  the  cit\',  in  which  se\'eral  valualjle 
patents  are  owned. 

The  exceptional  advantages  of  St.  Louis  as 
a  lumber — especially  hardwood — market,  lia\e 
helped  to  bringthe  city  from  obscurity  to  promi- 
nence in  the  matter  of  furniture  manufacture,  and 
its  central  location  also  helps  it  to  gain  on 
its  competitors.  It  now  occupies  at  least  third 
rank  in  manufacturing  cities,  and  if  the  pres- 
ent rate  of  progress  is  maintained  it  will  soon 
lead  the  entire  country.  Car  loads  of  fur- 
niture are  shipped  in  every  direction,  and  the 
high  reputation  which  the  product  of  the  city 
has  made  for  itself  throughout  the  entire  United 
States,  and  also  in  JNIexico,  makes  it  compara- 
tively easy  to  obtain  orders  even  in  districts  upon 
which  other  manufacturing  cities  claim  an  iron- 
clad mortgage. 

The  Furniture  Board  of  Trade  is  entitled  to 
more  than  a  passing  notice.  Its  work  has  been 
of  a  most  valuable  character,  and  one  of  its 
latest  achievements  was  the  securing  of  the 
National  Furniture  Convention  for  St.  Louis  in 
1<SI);5.  It  maintains  a  credit  department,  which 
has  proved  of  immense  value,  audit  has  made  its 
influence  felt  in  national  legislation  on  more  oc- 
casions than  one.  From  reports  issued  by  this 
body  it  is  shown  that  more  chairs  are  made  by 
three  St.  Louis  factories  than  by  all  the  factories 
combined  in  any  other  city  in  the  country. 
In  kitchen  safes  it  makes  more  than  all  the 
rest  of  the  United  States;  and  the  spring  bed 
industry  is  remarkably  large.  The  railroad 
car  chairs  already  referred  to  are  being  used  in 
cars  and  "  coaches  "  in  India,  Russia,  England, 
Australia  and  South  America,  and  the  Board  of 
Trade  is  now  in  negotiation  with  other  countries 
not    generally    looked    upon    as  accessible,  but 


MANUFACTUKJIS. 


37 


mOS  AND  KINDRED 
INDUSTRIES. 


which  offer  a  ma.a;nificent  market.  Aiiioiii^  the 
accessories  to  tlie  furniture  trade  which  are 
special!)'  proniiuent,  may  be  mentioned  the  man- 
ufacture of  coffins  and  caskets,  in  wliich  St.  Louis 
easily  leads  the  entire  country. 

It  is  difficult  to  estimate 
the  actual  extent  of  the 
iron  and  kindred  indus- 
tries of  St.  Louis,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the 
number  of  branches  is  so  great  that  the  figures 
are  necessarily  freely  subdivided.  Under  the 
head  of  "Iron  and  Steel"  the  census  returns  six 
large  establishments,  with  a  total  capital  em- 
ployed of  a  little  over  $2, 500, 000,  and  with  an 
output  about  as  large.  This,  however,  does  not 
begin  to  cover  the  local  trade,  for  under  the 
head  of  ".-Vrchitectural  and  Ornamental  Iron 
Work,"  there  is  found  the  record  for  1890  of 
twent\--three  establishments,  employing  a  capi- 
tal of  :?1,700,000,  and  with  a  total  output  of 
about  ^l^OOO,l)^o.  Under  "Foundry  and  Ma- 
chine Shop  Products,"  the  record  is  still  greater, 
the  figures  for  l.siK)  showing  that  there  were  lOH 
establishments  in  operation,  with  a  capital  of 
upwards  of  810,000,000,  and  with  a  total  pro- 
duct of  about  $12,000,000.  To  produce  this, 
over  (),000  men  were  employed,  and  their  earn- 
ings for  the  one  year  approximated  84,000,()()0. 
Even  under  the  head  of  "Bolts,  Nuts,  Wash- 
ers and  Rivets,"  four  establishments  are  re- 
corded, with  a  capital  of  more  than,  a  quarter  of 
a  million,  and  an  output  of  similar  \-alue;  and  it 
would  appear  as  though  820,000,000  would  be  a 
small  estimate  of  the  total  product  in  the  iron 
and  steel  and  kindred  industries,  which  find 
employment  for  millions  of  dollars  of  capital 
and  for  an  almost  unlimited  amount  of  labor. 
In  ISSO,  (rovernor  Johnson,  in  an  address  before 
the  State  Innnigration  Con\cntion,  spoke  of  St. 
Louis  as  the  "Center  of  the  World's  trade,  the 
future  metropolis  of  the  World's  Empire,  the 
favored  child  of  the  mighty  Valley  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, the  City  of  the  Iron  Crown."  Since 
that  time  great  progress  has  been  made  in  the 
iron  and  steel  industry  throughout  the  countr\-, 
and  althouiL^h,  juihaps,  the  gain  has  not  been 
so  phenomenal  as  the  ekuiuent  speaker  desired 


or  anticipated,  yet  it  has  been  great  enough  to 
more  than  justify  his  remarks.  Certain  it  is, 
that  w  illiin  easy  distance  of  St.  Louis  there  is 
an  abundance  of  iron  ore  sufficient  to  supply  the 
requirements  of  the  world  for  generations  to 
come,  with  every  indication  of  still  greater  un- 
discovered supplies.  The  unlimited  supplies  of 
coal,  timber  and  water-power,  and  other  similar 
aids  to  manufactures  of  this  character,  make  it 
appear  probable  that  St.  Louis  will  eventually 
outpace  all  competitors  in  the  race  and  become 
the  leader  in  iron,  as  in  other  industries. 

St.  Louis  commenced  the  mamifacture  of  iron 
nearly  eighty  years  ago,  and  although  the  pro- 
duction was  on  a  very  limited  scale  it  had  the 
effect  of  introducing  other  work  of  a  similar 
character.  Foundries  came  to  be  erected,  and 
many  thousands  of  wagon-boxes  and  tires  were 
nianufactnred  here  during  the  first  quarter  of 
the  present  century.  Foundries  on  a  larger 
scale  were  established  about  the  year  1830,  and 
long  before  the  middle  of  the  century  the  city 
had  assumed  quite  an  activity  in  the  iron  trade. 
Agricultural  implements,  and  everything  in 
which  iron  was  used  to  an\-  large  extent,  began 
to  be  manufactured  in  large  quantities,  and 
about  the  year  \X')0  the  magnificent  resources 
of  the  Iron  Mountain  began  to  be  appreciated. 
The  splendid  furnaces  and  rolling  mills  belong- 
ing to  the  Chouteau  family  began  to  e.xert  an 
inlhience  over  the  city's  trade,  and  in  1^>'>()  a 
careful  estimate  showed  the  existence  in  the 
city  of  as  many  as  thirty  iron  works,  with  a 
total  output  of  about  8."),000,000.  The  amount 
of  pig  metal  nnned  and  produced  at  this  early 
period  exceeded  100,000  tons  a  year,  and  all 
through  the  sixties  and  seventies  the  business 
was  pressed  to  full  advantage. 

In  agricultural  machinery  St.  Louis  is  well  to 
the  front,  and  many  of  its  specialties  are  in  demand 
in  ver)-  remote  centers.  Some  of  the  largest  fac- 
tories in  this  line  to  be  found  in  the  entire 
countr>'  are  situated  in  St.  Louis,  and  the  high 
standard  of  work,  in  every  detail,  keeps  up 
the  demand.  Travelers  through  Mexico  have 
been  struck  with  the  very  general  use  in  that 
countrv    of    agricultural    machinery     made    in 


38 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


RAILROAD  SUPPLIES 

AND 

STREET  CARS. 


St.  Louis;  and  in  all  parts  of  the  rich  a<;ricultural 
conntry  in  St.  Louis  territory,  the  products  of 
our  local  factories  are  appreciated  at  their  full 
worth.  .\s  soon  as  more  intimate  trade  rela- 
tions with  JMexico  and  the  Spanish-American 
republics  are  encouraged  by  a  nuitual  reduction 
of  tariffs,  a  further  immense  impetus  will  be 
given  to  this  business,  and  St.  Louis  will  easily 
maintain  its  position  as  a  manufacturing  point 
for  agricultural  machinery  of  every  kind.  In 
carriages  and  wagons,  which  are  in  a  measure 
connected  with  tiiis  industry,  St.  Louis  has  been 
prominent  and  famous  for  years,  and  the  increase 
in  its  output  since  the  census  of  1880  has  been 
a  subject  of  general  comment  in  trade  circles 
everywhere. 

In  cars  of  every  de- 
scription, the  city  is  a 
producer  on  a  thorough- 
ly wholesale  plan.  Its 
railroad  supply  houses  execute  orders  from  rail- 
roads with  headquarters  in  cities  many  miles 
distant,  and  the  output  of  cars,  both  freight  and 
passenger,  is  very  large.  It  is  an  interesting 
fact  to  record  that,  within  the  last  two  years, 
one  of  the  prominent  factories  has  executed  a 
larger  order  for  cars  than  was  ever  given,  at  one 
time,  to  any  other  factory  in  America.  The 
growth  in  this  industry  has  been  stupendous. 
It  is  estimated  that  the  value  of  the  output  dur- 
ing the  year  1892  exceeded  $8,000,000,  and  this 
is  probably  correct,  although,  if  accessories  were 
added,  the  total  would  be  much  larger.  The 
census  of  ISSO  only  recorded  the  existence  of 
seven  establishments  in  this  line,  which  were 
credited  with  employing  a  capital  of  some 
Sol4,000,  and  with  having  <)()1  men  on  their 
pay-rolls.  The  value  of  the  output  was  placed 
at  a  little  over  a  million  dollars.  In  18i(() 
twenty-four  firms  were  returned  in  the  govern- 
ment census,  their  combined  capital  was  stated 
at  $2,-500,000,  and  the  number  of  men  and  boys 
on  their  pay-rolls  approximated  3,000.  They 
paid,  in  wages  alone,  nearly  twice  the  sum  total 
of  the  product  of  1880,  and  the  total  result  of 
the  year's  work  was  placed  at  a  trifle  less  than 
$(3,000,000.     These  figures  are  very  conserva- 


tive, and  the  estimate  for  18!(2  is  much  more 
nearly  accurate  than  the  official  record  for  18!l(). 

In  the  manufacture  of  street  cars  St.  Louis 
easily  leads  the  world.  Prior  to  the  war  the 
city  turned  out  large  numbers  of  passenger- 
carrying  vehicles,  and  even  during  the  war  a 
very  extensive  stage-coach,  omnibus  and  transfer 
business  was  done  here.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  a  fresh  impetus  was  given  to  the  business, 
and  for  the  first  time  St.  Louis  vehicles  began 
to  acquire  prominence  in  the  country.  Other 
large  western  cities  commenced  to  manufacture 
omnibuses  and  similar  vehicles,  but  they  did 
not  possess  either  equal  advantages  or  similar 
enterprise,  and  St.  Louis  soon  forged  to  the 
front  and  secured  a  foremost  position,  which  it 
has  held  ever  since.  Mechanics  of  ability  were 
attracted  here,  and,  when  late  in  the  sixties  an 
improved  type  of  street  cars  was  produced,  at- 
tention was  attractetl  from  all  parts,  and  the  new 
type  of  vehicle  came  to  be  regarded  as  a  stand- 
ard one.  During  the  fifteen  or  twenty  years 
which  followed,  street  cars  of  every  description 
were  manufactured  here,  and  improvements  of 
every  character  were  introduced.  The  demand 
for  bobtail  cars  was  met  by  the  manufacture  of 
these  somewhat  unsatisfactory  vehicles,  and  so 
many  St.  Louis  improvements  were  introduced 
that  they  lost  much  of  their  original  unpopu- 
larity. 

The  introduction  into  St.  Louis  of  rapid 
transit,  some  six  or  eight  years  ago,  led  to  another 
marked  revival  in  this  industry,  and  the  re- 
sources of  the  establishments  were  soon  taxed  to 
their  utmost  to  meet  the  demands  of  the  ener- 
getic street  railway  presidents,  who  insisted  on 
getting  the  best  of  everjthing,  regardless  of 
])rice.  Some  of  the  cars  in  use  on  local  street 
railroads  at  the  present  time  are  uncqualed,  and, 
indeed,  scarcely  imitated  in  any  other  city,  and 
so  many  patents  have  been  produced  here  that 
the  name  of  St.  Louis  is  identified  with  nearly 
all  of  the  best  types  of  street  railroad  cars  to  be 
found  in  any  city  in  the  Union. 

Very  large  shipments  are  made  from  time  to 
time  to  Chicago,  some  of  the  roads  in  that  city 
having  been  equipped  exclusively  by  St.  Louis 


MAN  UFA  CTURES. 


39 


houses.  The  awakening  in  New  York  in  favor 
of  surface  rapid  transit  has  also  been  felt  in 
an  advantageous  manner  in  St.  Louis,  orders  of 
a  very  large  character  having  been  placed  here 
during  the  last  two  or  three  years.  Boston, 
Baltimore,  Washington,  Columbus,  Cleveland, 
Kansas  City,  Denver,  Salt  Lake  City,  Milwau- 
kee, Detroit,  Minneapolis  and  St.  Paul  have 
all  looked  to  this  city  for  street  railroad  supplies, 
and  extensive  shipments  have  also  been  made  fre- 
quently to  extreme  southern  points,  such  as  New 
Orleans  and  Gaheston,  tosaynothiugof  such  dis- 
tant cities  as  Los  Angeles,  Portland  and  Tacoma. 
Nor  is  the  popularity  of  St.  Louis  street  cars 
confined  to  the  United  States.  A  good  lesson 
in  geography  can  be  learned  by  a  glance  over 
the  shipping  books  of  any  one  of  the  gigantic 
street  car  factories  of  this  city.  England  buys 
from  St.  Louis  freeh-,  while  there  are  now 
running  on  Australian  .streets,  cars  made  in  the 
northern  portion  of  St.  Louis.  A  year  or  two 
ago  an  order  was  received  and  executed  whereby 
the  subjects  of  the  ^likado  of  Japan  were  given 
an  insight  into  the  progress  made  by  the  street 
car  builders  of  America  in  general,  and  of  St. 
Louis  in  particular. 

SADDLERY  AND         f''  ^°"^■^\^  ^^  ^^'^  ^'^^  ^'f^ 
saddlery  and  harness  center  m 

the  United  States.  When  it 
was  merely  a  frontier  town  it  commenced  the 
manufacture  of  saddles  and  harness  for  the  use  of 
immigrants  and  pioneers,  and  when  the  war 
broke  out  the  number  of  people  engaged  in  the 
business  v/as  considerable.  During  the  war  im- 
mense orders  were  placed  in  St.  Louis  for  army 
saddles  and  harness,  and  this  is  one  of  the  few 
industries  which  in  consequence  did  not  suffer 
materially  from  the  national  disaster.  During 
the  last  quarter  of  a  century  the  business  has 
asstnncd  iunnense  proportions,  and  a  careful  re- 
view of  the  transactions  of  the  twelve  exception- 
ally large  factories  of  St.  Louis,  and  of  the  many 
smaller  ones,  indicates  that  the  anmud  value  of 
the  output  is  now  a  little  more  than  i?.'),()UO,0(H). 
The  trade  is  very  varying  in  character.  St. 
Tvouis  has  a  practical  monopoly  of  the  business 
in  the  Western  and  Southwestern  States,  and  to 


these  it  ships  saddles  of  the  Texan  or  Mexican 
type  of  the  most  elaborate  character,  some  of 
them  heavy  enough  in  themselves  to  provide 
what  would  appear  to  be  quite  a  considerable 
load  for  the  little  animals  on  which  they  are  usu- 
ally fitted.  But  the  trade  is  not  by  any  means 
restricted  to  heavy  saddles  for  cowboys  and 
farmers.  Some  of  the  best  retail  establishments 
in  New  York  obtain  their  supplies  from  St. 
Louis,  which  also  ships  to  points  as  far  distant 
as  British  Columbia  and  even  Europe.  Light 
racing  saddles  of  great  popularity  are  made  in 
the  city,  and  harness  of  every  description  is  also 
produced.  One  of  the  largest  whip  factories  is 
to  be  found  here,  and  in  ever}'  department  act- 
ivity prevails.  During  the  last  eight  or  ten 
years  the  practice  of  sending  out  of  the  city  for 
supplies  needed  in  these  kindred  trades  has  en- 
tirely died  out,  and  now  nearly  everything 
required  is  made  at  home,  and  an  additional 
impetus  thus  given  to  other  branches  of  the 
leather  industry. 

STOVES  A  \D  For  its  stoves,  ranges  and  fur- 
naces  St.  Louis'  was  famous  long 
before  it  took  first  rank  among 
manufacturing  cities,  and  it  has  maintained  its 
supremacy  to  this  day.  The  history  of  the  in- 
dustry is  the  history  of  the  lives  of  some  of  its 
best-known  citizens,  and  it  is  full  of  facts  which 
are  far  stranger  than  fiction.  The  value  of  its 
output  in  these  lines  is  considerably  in  excess 
of  two  millions  per  annum,  and  is  increasing,  not 
ever}-^  year,  but  ever\'  month.  The  largest  fac- 
tory in  the  world  devoted  to  this  class  of  manu- 
facture is  situated  in  St.  Louis,  and  the  name  of 
the  city  is  a  by-word  with  all  who  handle  stoves 
or  ranges  of  any  description.  There  are  no  ge- 
ographical limits  to  this  trade.  St.  Louis  ships 
to  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  to  all  parts  of 
the  American  continent.  Europe  has  been  slow 
in  appreciating  the  value  and  convenience  of 
An:erican  stoves  and  ranges,  but  of  late  years 
St.  Louis  has  shipped  many  of  its  best  products 
in  this  line  to  London  and  other  trans- .\tlantic 
markets.  St.  Louis  ranges  swept  even,-thing 
before  them  at  the  World's  Fair,  and  came  back 
loaded  down  with  blue  ribbons. 


40 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


THE  LEAD  INDUSTRY 
IN 


St.  Louis  is  the  lari^- 
est  white    lead  inaim- 
facturin<T    cil\'    in    tlie 
DIFFERENT  BRANCHES.      ^^^^^j^^^  ^^^^^  -^  continues 

to  increase  its  output  every  year.  The  annual 
yield  now  exceeds  ;-50,()()()  tons  in  weij^ht  and 
$4,()()(l,(HiO  in  value.  The  three  largest  facto- 
ries in  the  country  are  in  the  city,  and  their  ca- 
pacity appears  to  be  unlimited.  The  figures 
would  be  e\'en  more  astounding  but  for  trade 
combinations  which  have  had  an  effect  on  prices 
and  restricted  the  output  throughout  the  entire 
country.  Pig  lead  had  been  held  for  too  great 
an  advance,  and  this  had  the  effect  of  putting 
up  the  price  of  white  lead  too  high,  giving  the 
dealers  in  mixed  paints  an  opportunity  to  com- 
pete more  bitterly  than  ever.  The  heavy  floods 
in  the  Mississippi  Valley  of  two  or  three  years 
ago  also  had  a  depressing  effect  on  this  industry, 
which  however  has  nearly  regained  lost  ground 
and  is  now  in  a  \'erv  flourishing  condition,  with 
annual  shipments  of  white  lead  amounting  to 
something  like  forty  million  pounds,  as  com- 
pared with  fourteen  millions  in  1880  and  twenty- 
one  millions  in  1881!.  The  trade  is  one  in  which 
great  variation  in  the  annual  output  is  unavoid- 
able, but  the  general  tendency  in  St.  Louis  is 
decidedly  in  the  right  direction,  and  there  is  no 
fear  of  the  city's  claim  to  supremacy  being 
challenged  in  the  long  run. 

Another  branch  of  the  lead  business  which 
has  shown  even  more  remarkable  and  satis- 
factory increase  is  lead  pipe  and  sanitary  supplies 
generally.  One  of  the  largest  plumbers'  sup- 
plies establishments  in  the  world  is  located  in 
St.  Louis,  with  a  large  branch  in  an  Illinois  city, 
it  has  advertised  St.  Louis  throughout  the 
entire  labor  world  by  the  successful  efforts  of  its 
controllers  to  introduce  the  profit-sharing  sys- 
tem into  its  pay-rolls.  One  effect  of  this  act  of 
genuine  philanthropy  has  Ijeen  to  so  popularize 
and  strengthen  the  local  trade  that  it  is  very 
unusual  for  any  supplies  to  be  obtained  from  out 
of  the  city,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  some  of  the 
eastern  factories  boast  themselves  of  being  the 
best  in  the  world;  and  besides  establishing  a 
practically  local  monopoly,  the  enterprise  of  the 


establishments  has  enabled  them  to  make  vigor- 
ous inroads  into  the  territory  of  New  York  and 
Boston  maiHifactnrers,  shipments  in  this  line  of 
business  going  daily  to  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific 
Coasts  and  even  to  foreign  countries. 

In  the  South  and  Southwest  St.  Louis  is 
known  as  a  great  sanitary  plumbing  center,  and 
in  many  lines  of  business  the  factories  can  hardly 
keep  up  with  the  heavy  orders  their  own  enter- 
prise has  called  forth.  The  more  general  incorpo- 
ration of  bath-room  accommodations  in  private 
houses,  together  with  the  enormous  quantity  of 
plumbing  called  for  in  the  commercial  palaces 
which  are  being  erected  in  e\-ery  part  of 
St.  Louis,  have  also  combined  to  keep  the  fac- 
tories busy  and  to  drive  away  any  possible  fear 
that  might  exist  as  to  the  future  of  the  city  in 
this  regard.  Improved  methods  in  building, 
which  have  enabled  contractors  to  keep  up  their 
work  for  the  entire  3'ear  instead  of  limiting  their 
operations  to  six  or  eight  months  in  the  s])ring, 
summer  and  fall,  have  abolished  the  quiet  time 
which  used  to  be  looked  for  in  the  plumbers' 
supplies  industry  in  winter,  and  taken  away  the 
possibility  of  catching  up  with  orders  in  arrear 
during  the  winter  months.  The  capacity  of  the 
factories  has  been  steadily  increased,  and  al- 
though the  sales  of  sanitary  plumbing  materials 
now  exceed  four  millions  per  annum,  the  supply 
is  ample  without  going  out  of  the  city  for 
assistance. 
:•  St.  Louis  is  the  largest  shot  manufacturing 
and  distributing  center  in  the  world.  Nearly  a 
nrillion  dollars  are  invested  in  the  shot  towers, 
and  these  convert  into  shot  (;,0()()  to  10,0()'i 
tons  of  pig  lead  every  year.  The  competition 
in  this  line  of  business  is  heavy,  but  the  local 
manufacturers  succeed  in  holding  their  own  and 
in  doing  a  profitable  business  in  spite  of  draw- 
backs. The  census  of  LS'.K)  gave  some  interest- 
ing information  as  to  the  capital  employed  and 
the  number  of  men  engaged  in  the  various  in- 
dustries connected  directly  with  lead.  This 
shows  that  upwards  of  4,000  men  find  eniploy- 
ment  in  this  line,  to  say  nothing  of  an  immense 
numl)er  of  others  who  are  engaged  in  kindred 
industries  returned  under  other  heads. 


MANUFACTURES. 


41 


St.  Louis  bricks  are  in  ck- 
BRICK  AND  ,        ,  ,,        ,.     , 

maud  as  far  east  as  Aew  \  ork, 

SEWER  PIPE.  ,  ,         ,1      ,  ,, 

as  iar  west  as  tlie  towns  on  the 

Pacific  Coast,  and  as  far  north  as  Canada.  The 
clay  found  in  the  neigliborhood  of  St.  Louis  is 
the  finest  in  the  country,  and  nearly  ]()(),()()() 
tons  of  it  are  shipped  out  of  the  city  yearly, 
thouj^h  enough  is  kept  at  home  to  make  St. 
Louis  one  of  the  largest  brick  manufacturing 
cities  in  the  world.  The  clay  is  free  from 
gravel,  and  can  be  made  into  brick  with  the  aid 
of  water  and  shovel  alone.  Such  primiti\e 
modes  of  construction  have,  however,  been  long 
since  superseded  bv  machinery.  One  company 
alone  makes  over  KK), 000, 000  bricks  in  St. 
Louis  every  year,  antl  it  is  almost  impossible 
to  ascertain  the  actual  total  output,  though  it 
far  exceeds  200,000,000  annually.  Hydraulic 
press  bricks  are  a  specialty  of  St.  Louis,  and 
their  poj^ularity  throughout  the  entire  country 
is  gencralh'  known.  These,  together  with  the 
other  riiost  popular  St.  Louis-made  bricks,  are  in 
growing  demand  in  all  sections,  and  during  the 
year  I'SHH  the  capacity  for  manufacture  was  in- 
creased to  a  most  remarkable  e.xtent. 

Other  clay  uiannfactures  show  almost  equallv 
astounding  totals  for  St.  Louis.  There  is  an 
abundance  of  gootl  fire  clay  to  l)e  found  near  the 
city  and,  indeed,  within  its  corporate  limits. 
Sewer  pipe  is  also  produced  in  immense  quanti- 
ties, the  output  exceeding  fifty  tons  every  year. 
The  local  demand,  which  is  always  hea\-y,"is 
augmented  by  large  orders  constantly  received 
from  all  the  central  and  Western  States,  and 
tlu-re  are,  in  addition,  sales  every  year  in  New 
ICngland  and  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  This  is  an 
industry  which  has  made  enormous  strides  dur- 
ing the  last  few  years.  The  exceptional  value 
of  the  trade  is  now  generally  admitted,  aiul  in- 
quiries are  being  recei\ed  from  manufacturers 
in  all  sections  who  are  looking  out  for  suitable 
territory  in  which  to  carry  on  their  business. 

The  C/ciy  Riioni,  published  at  Chicago,  in  a 
rcL-ent  review  of  the  brick  industry  of  the  United 
States,  said: 

"The  increasing  use  of  jiressed  brick  in  tlii-^ 
conntrv  is  due  more  lararelv  to  the  growtii  of  the 


vSt.  Ivouis  manufacture  of  pressed  brick  than  any 
other  cause.  St.  Louis  ships  pressed  brick  to 
New  York,  New  Orleans,  San  Antonio,  Diiluth 
and  Seattle.  It  is  the  head  and  front  of  the 
pressed  brick  industry.  Its  product  last  year 
was  220,000,000  brick.  Fifteen  years  ago  the 
product  was  not  .'iO, 000, 000,  and  these  latter 
figures  include  brick  made  by  the  old-time  pro- 
cess. One  St.  Louis  company  is  the  biggest 
manufacturer  of  ])rcssed  brick  in  the  world,  and 
has  branch  yards  in  several  cities.  It  began 
operations  twenty-five  years  ago,  with  every 
architect  in  the  country  opposed  to  pressed 
brick.  Xow  nearly  all  of  the  tallest  buildings 
in  America  are  uiade  of  this  material.  The 
St.  Louis  brickmaking  cai)acity  has  increased 
within  fifteen  years  from  240, 000  a  week  to 
2,000,000.  Nineteen  hundred  workmen  are  em- 
ployed, and  even  in  the  East,  where  brickmaking 
has  at  least  reached  something  like  the  pro- 
ficiencv  of  the  West,  St.  Louis  brick  is  preferred, 
though  it  uiust  be  purchased  at  an  advance  o\'er 
the  price  paid  for  nati\'e  brick.  There  is  some 
virtue  in  the  St.  Louis  clay,  which  also  adds  to 
the  quality  of  the  brick. 

"  The  fancy  and  ornamental  brick  trade  was 
not  known  there  fifteen  years  ago.  It  is  now  a 
great  business.  Over  2.')0  different  shapes  and 
designs  are  kejDt  in  stock.  Gravel  brick,  un- 
known, save  in  Kngland,  fifteen  years  ago,  are 
iii>w  made  in  vSt.  I^onis  with  as  good  success  as 
in  England.  The  only  terra  cotta  works  in 
vSt.  Louis  began  in  a  small  wooden  building  in 
l.s,S2.  Now  they  are  shipping  their  product 
East,  West,  North  and  South.  A  quarter  of  a 
million  represents  their  annual  output. 

"St.  Louis  leads  in  fire  brick  and  fire  clay 
products.  Fifteen  years  have  shown  wonderful 
growth.  The  Cheltenlumi  district  produces 
more  fire  clay  sewer  pipe  than  any  other  district 
in  the  I'nited  Stales.  The  St.  Louis  output  of 
brick  is  but  little  behind  the  entire  output  of 
the  State  of  Ohio,  and  fire  brick,  gas  retorts, 
chimnev  tops,  fire-proofing,  crucibles,  and  sower 
pipe  are  the  Cheltenham  goods.  The  City  of 
Mrxico,  Monterey,  and  all  the  eastern  cities  use 
its  fire  brick.      It  turns   out,   at  full  capacity, 


42 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOU  IS. 


THE  BREWERIES 
OF  ST.  LOUIS. 


three  miles  of  clay  sewer  pipe  a  day.  One 
concern  ships  thirty-five  to  forty  tons  of  fire 
brick.  St.  Louis  has  the  best  fire  clay  out  of 
England.  Near  Rolla,  Mis.souri,  is  another  great 
deposit,  even  more  refractory  than  that  found 
here  in  such  inexhaustible  quantities.  There 
are  eleven  fire  brick  finns.  The  shipments 
last  3-ear  were  9,32!1  cars  of  fire  brick  at  $!•<)  a 
car,  747  cars  of  fire  cla>-  at  S^i'i  a  car,  and  -,iM  1 
cars  of  tile  at  $19.')  a  car.  The  industry  em- 
ploys 1,172  hands." 

The  beer  brewing  indus- 
try of  St.  Louis  ranks  among 
the  most  important  of  its 
manufactures.  The  city  is  one  of  the  first  beer 
manufacturing  cities  in  the  world,  and  it  boasts 
proudly  of  the  largest  brewery  in  the  United 
States  and  the  most  magnificent  brewery  in  the 
world.  At  the  world's  competition  at  Chicago, 
this  year  (1893),  St.  Louis  beer  won  the  high- 
est award,  scoring  more  points  than  the  products 
of  any  other  city.  This  is  an  industry  which 
has  more  than  kept  pace  with  the  growth  of  the 
city,  a  fact  which  a  perusal  of  the  following 
extract  from  the  Missouri  Republican.,  of  Sep- 
tember 20,  1854,  clearly  indicates: 

"St.  Louis  has  about  twenty-four  breweries, 
and  every  one  of  them  has  stored  nearly  twice 
the  quantity  of  ale,  for  this  summer,  that  has 
been  made  in  any  preceding  one.  As  we  are 
informed  by  one  of  the  largest  dealers  of  this 
article,  the  quantity  may  safely  be  reckoned  at 
forty  thousand  barrels  of  lager  beer  and,  per- 
haps, twenty  thousand  barrels  of  common  beer. 
By  an  average  count,  one  barrel  of  about  thirty 
gallons  gives  about  three  hundred  glasses. 
Thus  w-e  ha\-e  about  twelve  million  glasses  of 
lager  beer  and  about  six  million  glasses  of  com- 
mon beer.  Common  beer  is  sold  at  five  dollars 
per  barrel  and  lager  beer  at  seven  dollars,  that 
is  at  wholesale.  This  will  make  the  amount 
received  by  the  brewers:  for  lager  beer,  $290,- 
000,  and  for  common,  $100,()()().  The  retailers, 
at  five  cents  a  glass,  took  in  s(;()(),(l(i()  for  lager 
beer,  and  $300,000  for  the  common  article. 
Just  think  of  it,  nearly  a  million  dollars  spent 
in  St.  Louis,  during  one  summer,  for  beer." 


In  1S(;(),  122,400  barrels  of  lager  beer,  sr),.-)00 
of  common  beer,  and  4,400  barrels  of  ale  were 
manufactured,  worth  at  wholesale  $1,.")00,000, 
so  that  during  the  si.x  years  preceding  the  war 
the  brewing  industry  of  St.  Louis  increased 
willi  remarkable  activity.  Between  18()0  and 
1S70  the  production  of  beer  more  than  doubled 
itself,  and  during  the  ne.xt  seventeen  years  the 
increase  was  nearlv  fi\'e  hundred  per  cent,  for 
at  the  present  time  the  breweries  of  St.  Louis 
are  producing  fully  2, 000, 000  barrels,  or  more 
than  (10,000,000  gallons  yearly.  The  following 
table  shows  the  increase,  year  by  year,  since 
1877,  with  but  one  fractional  decrease  during 
the  entire  period: 


Year. 

Itnrrels. 

(Gallons. 

1877 

1,S78 

471,2152 

521,0S4 

(il3,(;67 

82S.(t72 

950,236 

1,060,715 

1,100,0(.)0 

I,l2--',2(i5 

l,08(;,o:i2 

1,280,001 

l,383,:l()l 

1,482.883 

1,546,587 

1,856,883 

1.810,812 

1,961,449 

14,008,192 
1(1,172,204 

1879     

10.023.677 

1880  --- - 

1881 

1882                                 

1883                 

25.670, 2:!2 
29,7:iO,3l3 
33,(;6I.165 
34,100  000 

1884  

1885 

1886 

1887                 

31,700,215 
33,666,002 
30.682.,S21 
43,557.S72 

1888 

1889                     -- - 

1890,,, 

1891 

1X92 

46.710,S15 
4s. 717, 400 
58.408,114 
56,135,172 
60,814,919* 

The  census  returns  for  1.S90  go  more  fnll\-  into 
the  growth  during  the  eighties.  Thus,  in  18.S0 
the  capital  iu\-ested  in  this  industry  was  returned 
at  $4,000,000,  just  one-fourth  the  total  forbSilO. 
During  the  ten  }-ears  the  army  of  em]iloyes  in- 
crea.sed  from  1,200  to  2,800,  and  the  annual 
wages  from  a  little  more  than  half  a  million  to 
two  millions  and  a  quarter.  The  value  of  the 
product  annually  appears  to  be  almost  identical 
with  the  capital  invested,  and  the  increase  dur- 
ing the  ten  years  was  hence  about  four  hundred 
per  cent.  Several  new  breweries  have  been 
.started  since  the  cen.sns  was  taken,  and  at  the 
present  time  the  number  of  men  employed  ex- 

*The  return.s  for  1893  could  uot  be  included  iu  this 
work.  Taking  the  actual  figures  for  November  and 
estiiiiatiiit;  for  December,  the  number  of  gallons  would  be 
about  6:!,000,000. 


MANUFA  CTURES. 


43 


ceeds  ?>,700,*  to  whom  there  are  paid  in  waycs 
at  least  two  and  a  half  inillion  dollars. 

There  are  about  twenty-five  large  breweries 
in  St.  Louis,  in  addition  to  several  others  which 
are  small  only  by  comparison.  Reference  has  been 
made  in  the  j^receding  chapter  to  the  ])urchase 
by  the  luiglish  syndicate  of  some  fifteen  of  our 
most  prominent  breweries.  This  transaction 
was  completed  some  five  years  ago,  and  the  syn- 
dicate has  so  increased  the  capacity  of  its  enor- 
mous ]5lants  that  it  now  produces  three-quarters 
of  a  million  barrels  of  beer  annually,  and  can 
increase  its  output  to  a  million  and  a  half  bar- 
rels when  the  demand  makes  it  necessarj'.  The 
purchase  of  the  breweries  by  these  capitalists 
created  quite  a  sensation,  and  called  attention  to 
St.  Louis  in  a  \'ariety  of  wa\s.  The  two  largest 
breweries  held  aloof  from  the  transaction,  and 
could  not  be  tempted  by  English  gold.  These 
breweries  are  \-isited  every  year  by  thonsauds  of 
tourists,  and  a  regular  system  of  guides  to  pilot 
the  strangers  over  the  immense  plants  is  main- 
tained. The  largest  of  them  is  in  itself  a  small 
town,  in  addition  to  which  it  maintains  branches 
in  Xew  York,  Boston,  Philadelphia,  jPittsburgh 
and  other  cities,  and  the  actual  number  of  its  em- 
jiioyes  exceeds  4,000.  Shipments  are  made  to 
Mexico,  toWe.st  Indies,  Central  America,  Brazil, 
the  Sandwich  Lslands,  Australia,  Japan,  China 
and  other  equally  distant  points.  Quite  recently 
another  attem])t  has  been  made  by  wealth}-  Lon- 
don bankers  to  obtain  control  of  the  two  mam- 
moth breweries  of  St.  Louis  which  have  so  far 
reser\-ed  their  indixiduality.  The  effort  was  not 
successful,  but  the  jXTsistency  of  those  making 
Uie  offer  cannot  be  regarded  as  other  than  a 
ivcll-merited  compliment  to  a  city  which  is  just 
beginning  to  be  appreciated  at  its  full  worth  in 
the  old  world.  During  the  years  1S!»0,  ISiU 
and  l.H!t2  new  establishments  have  been  erected 
in  St.  Louis,  and  increased  competition  has  been 


TOBACCO 
AND   CIGARS. 


*.St:ile  Labor  I. Oiiiniissiouer's  Report,  1893.  These  cal- 
culations exchule  resilient  agents  and  salesmen,  traveling; 
men,  clerical  lielj),  etc.  Tlie  .Xnlieuser-IUisch  Hiewery, 
alone,  finds  employment  for  m^  re  men  than  are  reliuned 
for  all  the  breweries  combine<l,  bnt  its  vast  army  of  em- 
nir,vr"«  inrlndi»s  many  liniiilred  men  who  are  not  brewers 
or  actual  proiuicers. 


created.  St.  Louis  is  not  quite  the  greatest  beer 
producing  city  in  America,  but  it  does  not  fall 
far  below  the  leaders  in  this  respect,  and  before 
the  centun,-  expires  it  will  pass  at  lea.st  two  of 
the  three  cities  which  now  lead  it. 

In  tobacco  St.  Louis  leads 
the  entire  country,  a  fact 
which  can  be  easily  proved  by 
reference  to  the  returns  made  yearly  to  the  gov- 
ernment officers  and  to  the  amount  of  revenue 
paid.  Our  largest  tobacco  house  has  the  record 
of  paying  a  larger  ta.x  in  a  given  period  than 
any  other  establishment,  and  it  is  certainly  the 
best  equipped  establishment  of  its  kind  in  the 
world.  As  long  ago  as  1H.")()  the  city  claimed 
the  largest  tobacco  manufacturing  house  in 
the  West,  and  from  that  time  to  this  it  has  easilv 
maintained  its  supremacy,  not  only  over  the 
West,  but  also  the  entire  country.  In  liS.sO  there 
were  in  the  city  222  establishments  engaged  in 
the  manufacture  of  tobacco  or  cigars,  with  a 
capital  of  about  one  and  a  half  million.  The 
number  of  hands  employed  was  2,(;27,  and  the 
value  of  the  product  was  less  than  s(),000,0OU. 
The  census  for  18iK)  revealed  the  existence  in 
the  city  of  1 2  tobacco  factories  and  2!m;  cigar 
factories,  with  a  total  product  valued  at  about 
$16,000,000.  The  way  in  which  the  govern- 
ment revenue  is  collected  makes  it  easy  to  ascer- 
tain at  any  period  the  condition  of  the  tobacco 
iudnstr}-.  From  the  government  returns  it  is 
evident  that  St.  Louis  manufactures  about  one- 
fourth  the  tobacco  product  of  the  United  States. 
The  number  of  pounds  now  manufactured  yearlv 
is  about  (50,000,000,  worth  nearly  $20,000,000. 
About  G,000  people  are  kept  constantly  em- 
ployed, and  the  popularity  of  St.  Louis  brands 
is  so  great  that  they  sell  practically  in  ever\- 
part  of  the  civilized  world,  and  certainly  in 
ever}-  city  of  the  United  States.  The  annual 
increase  in  the  product  varies  from  ten  to  fifteen 
per  cent,  and,  although  the  output  w  is  reduced 
in  1.S1I2  by  a  disastrous  fire,  the  returns  for  that 
year  showed  a  gain  of  upwards  of  2,000,000 
pounds.  The  New  Jersey  district,  whicli  conies 
second  to  St.  Louis  in  the  returns,  had  for  many 
years  a  very  \aliuible  trade  in  the  far  West,  but 


44 


Ol.n  AXD  NFAV  ST.  LOT  IS. 


St.  Louis  factories  have  now  secured  a  practical 
monopoly  of  this  trade,  and,  in  addition,  the  de- 
mand from  Mexico  and  other  Spanish-American 
countries  is  largely  on  the  increase. 

The  city  is,  of  course,  exceptionally  well  lo- 
cated for  a  cij^ar  jobbing'  center,  and  one  house 
in  it  handles  more  cigars  than  any  one  house  in 
any  other  city.  From  $3,000  to  $.'),000  is 
paid  weekly  by  manufacturers  in  the  way  of 
duty,  and  there  are  now  more  than  a  million 
cigars  manufactured  every  week.  Aliout  ?)0,0()() 
pounds  of  snuff  are  placed  on  the  market  by 
St.  Louis  houses  e\-ery  year. 

Passing  to  a  more  indispensable  article  of 
every-day  life,  it  may  be  stated  that  St.  Louis 
is  the  third  largest  flour  manufacturing  city  in 
.\nierica,  its  output  being  exceeded  only  b\' 
Minneapolis  and  Milwaukee.  If  the  returns 
from  factories  situated  outside  of  the  city  limits, 
but  owned  and  operated  by  St.  Louis  millers, 
are  included,  the  city  is  second  in  the  order. 
The  annual  output  of  mills  within  the  city 
limits  exceeds  1,<)00,()(K)  barrels,  to  which  should 
be  added  l,.s()(), ()()(»  manufactured  annually  at 
mills  situated  at  Alton,  Litchfield,  Belleville, 
Red  Bud,  Nashville,  Clinton,  St.  Mary's  and 
other  points,  but  which  are  owned  and  operated 
by  St.  Louis  firms.  The  amount  of  flour  han- 
dled by  millers  and  dealers  has  increased  more 
than  fifty  per  cent  since  1S8(),  and  the  indxistry 
is  in  as  healthy  condition  as  is  possible  with 
wheat  at  the  phenomenally  low  prices  which 
have  prevailed  for  over  a  year.  E\en  this  low 
price  has  its  advantages,  for  it  has  enabled 
millers  to  place  flour  in  eastern  and  other  mar- 
kets hitherto  closed  against  them.  About  half 
a  million  barrels  are  shipped  yearly  to  Europe, 
about  ;-5S,<)00  to  Canada,  about  twice  that  quan- 
tity to  Havana,  by  rail  to  Gulf  points,  in  addition 
to  over  80,()()U  barrels  sent  down  the  river  to 
New  Orleans  and  thence  to  Havana.  About 
80,000  barrels  are  shipped  to  eastern  points,  and 
about  1,. 500, 000  barrels  to  the  Southern  States. 

It    is    impossible    to 
deal  at  length  with  the 
immense    manufactur- 
ing interests  grouped  in  the  table  on  a  preceding 


'OTHER  ISDUSTRIES" 
$54,514,383. 


page  as  "other  industries,"  with  an  aggregate 
annual  product  valued  at  $54,514,383.  Indeed, 
if  each  industry  were  to  be  handled  in  detail  an 
entire  work  would  be  occupied.  But  there  arc 
some  points  of  especial  interest  in  connection 
with  some  of  the  trades  not  niL-nli(.)ncd  specific- 
ally, which  ought  to  be  recorded.  Thus,  St.  Louis 
is  one  of  the  largest  publishing  centers  in  the 
world,  producing  and  binding  an  immense  num- 
ber of  books.  Its  planing  mill  industry  is  one 
of  immense  importance,  gaining  in  magnitude 
every  year.  It  is  one  of  the  largest  caudv  and 
cracker  manufacturing  cities  in  the  world,  be- 
sides ha\-iug  withili  its  corj^orate  limits  the  larg- 
est cracker  factory  in  America.  The  first  city 
to  have  its  streets  lighted  from  end  to  end  by 
aid  of  electricity,  the  business  in  electric  sup- 
plies of  every  description  has  naturally  grown 
mitil  to-day  it  has  assumed  a  magnitude  far  be- 
yond general  acknowledgment.  The  \-aIue 
of  the  output  is  $(5,000,000  per  annum,  and 
shipments  are  made  regularly  to  New  York  and 
London. 

Enough  patent  medicines  are  maiuifaclured 
in  the  city  e\ery  year  to  either  kill  or  cure  the 
entire  population  of  a  good-sized  nation,  and  the 
product  of  St.  Louis  chemical  manufactories  is 
also  enormous.  The  census  returns  show  that 
these  two  industries  together  ha\-e  a  product  in 
excess  of  $5, 000, 000  peraniuim,  and  this  calcu- 
lation is  probably  an  tinder-statement  rather 
than  otherwise.  In  paints  and  oils  its  business 
is  constantly  increasing,  and  in  bags  and  bag- 
ging it  defies  competition.  Glass  manufactured 
in  St.  Louis  was  used  almost  exclusively  in  the 
World's  Fair  buildings,  a  striking  tribute  to  the 
manufacturing  greatness  of  St.  Lonis  by  its  old- 
time  ri\-al.  One  of  the  largest  contracts  for  glass 
ever  issued  was  the  one  for  the  lights  in  the 
enormous  roof  of  the  new  Union  Station,  and 
this  contract  w'as  executed  by  a  St.  Louis  house. 
St.  Louis  was  the  first  city  to  manufacture  silver- 
ware west  of  the  Alleghany  mountains,  and  in  a 
hundred  other  ways  it  has  established  its  right 
to  be  regarded  as  the  greatest  manufacturing 
center  of  the  West,  and  as  one  of  the  greatest 
manufacturing  cities  in  the  world. 


TRADE  AND  COMMERCE. 


45 


CHAPTER     IV. 


TRADE    AND    COMMERCE. 


ST.  LOUIS    II  1?K1  rORY,  AND  THK  WAY  IN  WHICH  ITS  ORUHRS  FOR  MERCHANDISE  ARE  EXECUTED. 


.\KI<:  .\  M.\P  of  the  United  States  and 
draw  a  circle  with  a  .^l)()-mile  radius 
round  New  York,  Cliica.y;o  and  St. 
Louis.  The  result  will  astniiish  you, 
unless  you  are  already  acc]uaintcd 
with  the  fact  that  a  larger  number  of 
])eo]>le  reside  in  or  within  500  miles  of  St.  Louis 
than  in  or  within  .')(l()  miles  of  any  other  city 
in  the  I'nitcd  States.  At  least  two-fifths  of  the 
Xcw  York  circle  extends  into  the  Atlantic 
()cean,  and  mure  than  another  fifth  is  taken  up 
by  Lakes  luie  and  Ontario  and  the  southern 
section  of  Canada.  Of  the  Chica<^o  circle,  the 
lakes  cccui))-  at  least  a  third. 

St.  Louis  is  nnicli  more  fortunate,  for  nearly 
the  entire  circle  co\ers  rich  huul  in  a  district 
the  j^rowlh  of  which  has  surprised  the  world. 
It  ineludc'S  the  whole  of  .Missouri,  Illinois,  In- 
diana, Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mississippi,  Ar- 
kansas and  Iowa,  with  ]X)rtions  of  Nebraska, 
Minnesota,  Wisconsin,  .Michiijan,  Ohio,  West 
\'irj^inia,  X'irii^iuia,  North  and  South  Carolina, 
Oeori^ia,  .\lal)ama,  the  Indian  Territory,  Okla- 
homa and  Kansas — truh-,  a  magnificent  territory, 
and  one  whose  possibilities  are  nnlimiti-d  In  a 
few  short  years  we  shall  be  called  ujion  to  cele- 
brate the  centennial  of  the  Louisiana  purchase. 
When  the  treaty  of  Paris  was  si<,nied,  the  .\nier- 
ican  mintster,  Mr.  Robert  R.  Living-ston,  said 
lo  ;\I.  Marbois,  with  whom  he  had  been  trcal- 
ius^^:  "We  have  li\ed  lont^,  but  this  is  the  nt)blest 
work  of  our  li\es.  The  treaty  which  we  have 
just  si<^ned  will  chan.tje  vast  solitudes  into  fiour- 
isliiui;-  districts."     This  prophetic  utterance  has 


been  amply  justified  by  results;  and  as  that  portion 
of  the  old  Territory  of  Louisiana  which  is  trib- 
utary to  St.  Louis  has  emerged  from  darkness 
into  light  and  from  wilderness  to  fertility,  so 
has  the  city  which  is  its  commercial  metropolis 
risen  head  and  shoulders  above  all  competitors, 
and  become  literally  the  best  distributing  point 
for  merchandise  in  the  United  States. 

"St.  Louis,"  says  Julian  Ralph,  in  the  ex- 
ceptionally able  article  from  which  an  abstract 
has  already  been  taken,  "is  commonlv  spoken 
of  as  the  capital  of  the  Mississi])pi  \'alley,  but 
her  field  is  larger.  It  is  true  that  there  is  no 
other  large  city  between  her  and  New  Orlean.s — 
a  di.stance  of  Non  miles — but  there  is  no  other 
on  the  way  to  Kansas  City,  2S;3  miles;  or  to 
Chicago,  :^.S0  miles;  or  for  a  long  way  east  or 
southwest.  lUr  tributary  territory  is  every 
State  and  city  .south  of  her;  east  of  her,  to  the 
distance  of  1"><>  miles;  north  for  a  distance  of 
i'><)  miles;  and  in  the  west  and  southwest  as  far 
as  the  Rocky  mountains.  Between  1<S.S0  and 
IS'.X),  the  State  of  Missouri  gained  more  than 
half  a  million  inhabitants;  .Vrkansas  gained 
;{2(;,0(i();  Ct)lorado,  300,000;  Kansas,  430,000; 
Kentucky,  200,000;  Nebraska,  (;O0,(tO0;  Texas, 
t;4(),000;  Utah,  (it, 000;  New  Mexico,  Arizona 
and  Oklahoma,  114,000.  Here,  then,  was  a  gain 
of  3,174,000  in  population  in  St.  Louis'  tribu- 
tarv  conntr\-,  and  this  has  not  oidy  been  greatly 
added  to  in  the  last  two  and  a  half  years,  but 
it  leaves  out  of  account  the  growth  in  popula- 
tion of  the  Stales  of  Illinois,  Iowa,  Indiana,  Mis- 
sissippi and  Louisiana." 


46 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


A  ST.  LOUIS 

COMMERCIAL 

SUBURB. 


We  have  said  that  the  section 
of  C()Uiitr\-  williin  a  .'ini)-iiiilc  ra- 
dius of  St.  Louis  is  rich,  and  that 
its  possibilities  are  prodis^ious. 
The  States  named  as  coniiuji^  within  the  circle 
have  made  themselves  famous  Ijy  their  achieve- 
ments in  a.i^ricultural  and  other  directions,  and 
their  greatness  need  not  be  dilated  upon.  But 
there  has  arisen  during  the  last  four  or  five  years 
a  new  territory  whose  growth  has  been  phenom- 
enal. Reference  is  made  to  Oklahoma,  a  com- 
mercial suburb  of  St.  Louis,  and  a  countr>- 
which  was  unknown  to  civilization  until  the 
three  "openings,"  the  first  in  I.SSH,  and  the 
third  in  1'S!I3.  In  bSDO,  the  original  Oklahoma 
had  a  population  of  ()2,0()(),  and  now  it  is  l.JO,- 
000,  a  gain  of  2.J0  per  cent  in  less  than  three 
^•ears.  The  Cherokee  Strip,  recently  opened, 
adds,  it  is  computed,  1(K),()0()  to  the  population, 
bringing  the  total  number  of  inhabitants  in  the 
Territory  up  to  2.51,000.  This  gives  Oklahoma 
a  larger  number  of  inhabitants  than  any  other 
of  the  Territories,  for  Utah,  the  most  populous 
of  all  of  them  in  1890,  had  only  208,000  in  that 
year,  which  number  miist  still  be  considerably 
below  the  2.')0,()(I0  mark.  New  Mexico's  popu- 
lation in  I'SIH)  was  I.")-!-, 000,  and  Arizona's 
()0,000.  In  general  business  de\'elopment  and 
wealth,  the  growth  of  Oklahoma  has  been 
equally  wonderful.  The  six  national  banks  and 
twenty-four  private  banks  in  the  Territory  show 
that  the  industrial,  commercial  and  financial  in- 
terests of  that  region  are  well  taken  care  of. 
The  railroads  running  through  it  are  well  pat- 
ronized, and  new  lines  are  projected  to  meet  the 
requirements  of  a  steadily  and  rapidly  expand- 
ing communit>-.  It  was  less  injuriously  affected 
by  the  financial  disturbance  than  were  the  other 
Territories  and  some  of  the  States,  and,  as  a 
consequence,  it  has  rallied  quicker  from  tlie 
effects  of  the  panic.  Agriculture,  of  course,  is 
far  ahead  of  all  other  interests  in  the  Territory, 
but  factories  are  being  established  and  mines 
opened.  Within  a  few  years  its  activities  will 
be  fairly  well  diversified,  and  a  well  developed 
and  symmetrical  growth  will  be  had. 

St.  Louis  is  especially  interested  in  the  growth 


and  fortunes  of  the  Territory.  Her  business  re- 
lations with  this  city  Iku'c  been  close  and  ex- 
tensive from  the  beginning,  and  they  are  being 
diversified  and  exijandcd  rapidly.  This  city  is 
the  chief  distributing  point  for  the  entire  South- 
west, and  Oklahoma  is  a  growing,  prosperous 
and  progressive  portion  of  that  section.  The 
creation  of  a  prosjierous  territt)ry  with  a  popula- 
tion of  a  ciuarler  of  a  million  inhabilants  in  three 
years,  shows  how  limitless  are  the  possibilities 
of  the  country  in  which  it  is  situated.  There 
are  yet  countless  acres  to  be  opened  for  settle- 
ment in  tlie  Indian  Territor\-,  and  there  is  also 
room  for  millions  of  people  in  the  great  States 
that  surround  it.  St.  Louis  is  not  e.xactly  the 
center  of  population  of  the  United  States,  which 
on  June  1, 18!I0,  was  situated  about  twenty'  miles 
west  of  Columbus,  Indiana.  The  center  moved 
nearly  fifty  miles  west  during  the  eighties,  and 
will  reach  St.  Louis  in  its  westward  course 
within  ten  or  twenty  years.  Rut  it  is  unneces- 
sarv  to  wait  for  this  event  to  happen,  for  St. 
Louis  is  to-day  jjractically  the  center  of  com- 
merce of  the  North  American  continent.  It  is 
too  far  east  to  be  western,  too  far  west  to  be  east- 
ern, too  far  north  to  be  southern,  and  too  far 
south  to  be  northern.  It  is,  in  short,  all  things 
to  all  men  and  to  all  States  —  the  great  com- 
mercial and  financial  center  of  the  most  pros- 
perous nation  in  the  world,  and  within  compar- 
atively easy  access  by  rail  or  ri\-er  of  all  points. 
Thus,  in  addition  to  being  the  great  distrib- 
uting point  for  the  West  and  the  great  wholesale 
supply  point  from  which  the  leading  cities  of 
Kansas  and  Colorado  obtain  merchandise  of  every 
description,  it  is  also  in  every  sense  of  the  word 
the  metropolis  of  the  South.  The  New  South 
and  New  St.  Louis  may  be  spoken  of  as  twin 
sisters,  for  their  birth  and  growth  has  been  prac- 
tically simultaneous.  Cincinnati  alone  competes 
with  St.  Louis  for  the  southern  trade,  but  during 
the  last  twenty  years  the  latter  ha»  so  com- 
pletely outstripped  the  former  that  the  competi- 
tion can  scarcely  be  said  to  exist  at  this  time. 
The  rapid  development  of  new  and  practically 
unsettled  sections  of  the  Southern  States  has 
caused  an  immense  increase  in  the  demand  from 


TRADE  AND  COMMERCE. 


47 


TRADE  WITH  MEXICO 

A1\'D 

SOUTH  AMERICA. 


those  sections,  and  in  view  of  the  popuUirity 
wliicli  immigration  southward  has  attained,  a 
still  further  growth  in  this  direction  is  a  cer- 
tainty. 

Nor  is  the  trade  of  St. 
Louis  limited  b)-  the 
boundaries  of  the  United 
States.  It  is  the  nearest 
large  city  to  jMexico,  and  is  rapidly  becoming 
the  great  centei  of  distribution  for  all  points  in 
the  Mexican  republic  as  well  as  in  Spanish- 
American  countries  generalh'.  iMiropcan  ex- 
porters up  to  a  few  years  ago  enjoyed  a  monop- 
oly of  this  trade,  to  which  they  catered  so 
carefully  that  they  popularized  their  goods  and 
also  their  methods  of  doing  business  to  an  ex- 
tent which  practically  shut  out  trade  from  this 
country.  The  Spanish  Club  of  St.  Louis  de- 
serves credit  for  having  done  more  to  get  rid  of 
this  anouiall\'  than  anv  other  trade  organiza- 
tion in  the  United  States.  Mexican  merchants, 
as  a  rule,  are  well  situated  financially,  but  a  sys- 
tem of  long  credits  prevails,  and  this  makes  it 
absolutely  necessary  for  the  wholesaler  to  keep 
himself  acquainted  with  the  financial  standing 
of  those  from  whom  orders  are  solicited.  The 
Spanish  Club,  with  the  co-operation  of  the 
Autumnal  Festivities  Association,  has  made  this 
easy  by  the  collection  of  data  of  every  descriji- 
tion,  and  by  placing  these  data  at  the  disposal  of 
mercliants.  The  city  is  now  supplying  Mexico 
•with  goods  of  almost  e\-er\-  dcscrijition,  l)ut  more 
notably  with  agricultural  and  other  machiner_\-, 
mill  and  mining  supplies,  steam  and  traction 
engines,  shovels,  hardware,  sewing  machines, 
belting,  smoked  and  dried  meats,  groceries  and 
provisions,  wooden  and  willowware,  glassware, 
fire  brick,  fire  clay,  cement,  drugs  and  chem- 
icals, paints  and  oils,  cordage,  rubber  goods, 
dressed  lumber,  street  and  railway  cars  and  sup- 
plies, blank-books  and  stationery  and  printing 
presses,  importing  in  return  large  quantities  of 
coffee,  sugar,  rice  and  fruit.  During  the  year 
18!)2  nearly  a  million  pounds  of  hardware  were 
shipped  from  St.  Louis  on  through  bills  of  lading 
to  Mexico,  Cuba  and  Central  and  South  Amer- 
ica.    Groceries  and  chemicals  of  equal  weight 


were  sent,  in  addition  to  which  157,000  barrels 
of  flour  were  shipped  to  Cuba.  These  totals 
merely  represent  the  direct  shipments  from  St. 
Louis  which  the  work  of  improvement  on  the 
Mississippi  river,  now  in  progress,  will  make 
both  easier  and  cheaper.  A  large  quantity  of 
merchandise  is  still  shipped  to  Spanish-.Vmer- 
ican  countries  via  New  York  houses,  but  the  ad- 
justment of  freights  and  the  improved  railroad 
communications  between  St.  Louis  and  Mexico 
favor  direct  shipment  only. 

Before  passing  to  a  consideration  of  some  of 
the  princi])al  articles  included  in  the  wholesale 
and  jobbing  business  of  St.  Louis,  it  is  interest- 
ing to  note  that  during  the  eighties  the  tonnage 
of  freight  received  at  St.  Louis  increased  from 
6,000,000  to  nearly  10, 000, 000,  while  the  quan- 
tity of  freight  forwarded  by  railroads  out  of  St. 
Louis  increased  from  2,7.")(),000  tons  in  1880 
to  nearly  double  that  total  in  l.S!»0.  The  freight 
tonnage  of  the  railroads  tril)utar}'  to  St.  Louis 
increased  from  about  3."), 000, 000  in  1880  to 
nearly  4!>,000,000  in  18it0,  an  increase  during 
the  ten  years  of  nearly  14,000,000  tons.  Since 
these  figures  were  published  in  connection  with 
the  census  of  181*0,  there  has  been  a  marked 
increase  in  shii:)meuts  of  goods  from  St.  Louis, 
and  in  18!»2  nearly  9,000,000  tons  of  merchan- 
dise crossed  the  Mississippi  river  at  St.  Louis, 
an  increase  of  fifty  per  cent  since  1887.  The 
total  receipts  of  merchandise  of  St.  Louis  by 
ri\er  and  rail  were  almost  12,000,000,  as  com- 
pared with  10,(!OO,0OO  in  l-SiiO.  The  shipments 
also  show  a  very  large  increase  and  point  to 
prosperity  of  a  most  pronounced  type. 

The  wholesale  and 
jobbing  dry  goods 
business  of  St.  Louis 
shows  an  increase  in 
the  cash  receipts  of  from  ten  to  fifteen  per 
cent  per  annum.  The  total  sales  now  exceed 
$40,000,000  per  annum,  and  they  extend  to 
points  west  of  the  Rocky  mountains,  as  well  as 
to  cities  in  Indiana  and  over  the  entire  South. 
In  addition  to  the  immense  jobbing  trade,  the 
retail  dn,-  goods  trade  of  St.  Louis  has  assumed 
immense   importance,    and   the   business  trans- 


DRY  GOODS.  BOOTS 

AND  SHOES.    GROCERIES 

ASD   URLQS. 


48 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


acted  in  response  to  mail  orders  is  very  lar<:;e. 
The  hat  and  cap  trade  has  developed  from  prac- 
tically nothing;  ten  years  ago,  to  abont  $a, 000, 000 
per  annum  at  this  time,  and  is  growing  witli 
great  rapidity.  As  a  boot  and  shoe  distributiui; 
city  St.  Louis  is  second  only  to  Boston.  Enor- 
mous as  is  the  manufacturing  output  of  the  St. 
Louis  factories,  and  rapid  as  has  been  the  in- 
crease during  the  last  ten  years,  the  jobbing 
business  in  boots  and  shoes  has  shown  an  e\en 
more  astonishing  growth.  The  exceptional 
causes  which  made  trade  dull  throughout  the 
entire  country  during  at  least  six  months  of  the 
current  year  had  less  effect  on  the  shoe  trade  of 
St.  Louis  than  on  any  other  city  in  the  countrj-. 
In  1892  St.  Louis  received  .S2!S,071  cases  of 
shoes,  a  gain  over  18'.il  of  about  forty  per  cent. 
Ten  years  ago  the  receipts  were  less  than 
300,000  cases,  so  that  the  gain  has  been  excep- 
tionally pronounced,  though  it  has  chiefly  taken 
place  during  the  last  four  years.  The  ship- 
ments from  Boston  to  various  trade  centers  are 
usually  considered  as  criterions,  and  it  is  inter- 
esting to  note  that  while  St.  Louis  received 
13,r)00  more  cases  from  Boston  than  in  the  pre- 
ceding year,  there  was  a  falling  off  in  the  re- 
ceipts of  New  York  of  13,000,  at  Chicago  of 
8G,()00  and  at  Baltimore  of  44,000,  showing 
that  the  immense  gain  of  St.  Louis  meant  a 
great  deal  more  than  an  increased  demand  in 
keeping  with  the  natural  increase  in  popu- 
lation. 

The  wholesale  grocery  trade  of  St.  I.,ouis  is 
so  large  that  the  sales  are  now  nearly  $90,000,000 
a  year.  The  increase  for  the  year  1892  over 
the  preceding  year  was  twelve  and  a  half  per 
cent,  largely  due  to  increased  orders  from  Mis- 
souri, Arkansas,  Illinois,  the  Indian  Territory 
and  the  Southeastern  States,  and  to  the  opening 
up  of  new  trrde  in  the  Iowa  district.  In 
branches  of  the  grocery  trade,  such  as  sugar, 
syrups  and  rice,  very  healthy  gains  are  reported 
ever}-  year;  and  in  coffee,  which  is  one  of  the 
city's  specialties,  the  gain  in  1.SII2  was  enor- 
mous, the  shipments  increasing  from  232,000 
sacks  to  367,000. 

St.    Louis   is  either  the   first  or  the    second 


largest  distrilnitiug  point  for  drugs  and  chem- 
icals, and  the  volume  of  the  business  in  these 
sjiccialties  now  exceeds  a  million  dollars  a 
month.  The  largest  drug  house  in  the  world 
has  its  home  in  St.  Louis,  and  there  are  other 
establishments  of  enormous  projiortions.  The 
trade  depression  of  1893  checked  the  increase 
of  eight  or  ten  per  cent  in  business  which  had 
been  reported  annually,  but  did  not  cause  any 
marked  falling  off.  The  wholesale  drug  busi- 
ness is  one  which  is  not  generally  understood 
by  the  outside  public,  to  many  of  whom  it  will 
be  news  that  it  is  quite  a  common  practice  for  a 
new  proprietar}'  article  to  be  placed  in  the  hands 
of  St.  Louis  jobbers,  irrespective  of  the  home  of 
the  inventor,  simply  because  it  has  been  ascer- 
tained by  experience  that  St.  Louis  possesses 
unrivaled  facilities  for  introducing  into  the 
market  any  novelty  in  the  drug  trade.  The 
volume  of  business  transacted  is  amazing  in  its 
e.xtent  and  variety,  and  is  a  source  of  general 
surprise  to  those  who  have  made  themselves 
acquainted  with  the  details. 

St.  Louis  has  the  largest 
hardware  house  in  the  world, 
and  the  citv  has  few  equals 
as  a  distributing  point  for  this  commodity.  The 
year  1892  was  an  exceptionally  favorable  one 
for  this  trade.  The  actual  receipts  showed  an 
increase  of  fifteen  per  ceut  and,  as  there  was  a 
general  reduction  in  prices,  the  actual  increase 
in  the  volume  of  trade  was  little,  if  any,  less 
than  twenty-five  per  cent.  The  foreign  trade  is 
e.xceptionally  good,  in  addition  to  which  the  en- 
tire country  west  of  the  Alleghany  mountains  is 
supplied.  Indeed,  shipments  are  made  into 
many  States  which  cannot,  by  any  species  of 
reasoning,  be  regarded  as  St.  Louis  terri- 
tory. Shipments  are  also  made  frequently  to 
points  within  half  an  hour's  ride  of  Chicago, 
and,  what  is  even  more  remarkable,  quite  an 
extensive  business  is  done  with  strictly  eastern 
sections.  The  old  craze  for  sending  East  for 
high-class  decorations  for  homes  is  rapidly  dying 
out  in  face  of  the  progress  made  by  St.  Louis, 
which  now  sends  more  high-class  hardware 
to    the    East    than    it    receives    from    it.      The 


HARDWARE 
AND  HARDWOOD. 


TRADE  AND  COMMERCE. 


49 


annual  sales  amount  to  about  S  18,000,000,  and 
are  increasing  witli  <^rcat  rajiidity.  In  wooden 
and  willowware  St.  Louis  does  such  an  enor- 
mous trade  that  the  sales  are  equal  to  those  of 
all  the  other  American  cities  combined — a  state- 
ment which  may  seem  extravagant,  but  which 
is  easily  borne  out  by  an  examination  of  tables. 
St.  Louis  is  the  best  hardwood  market  in  the 
world,  and  its  lumber  interests  are  enormous. 
It  is  so  situated  that  the  very  best  lumber 
regions  are  within  easy  access;  and  the  reputa- 
tion the  city  has  obtained  as  a  lumber  market 
has  led  to  the  choicest  products  coming  to  it. 
The  receipts  of  lumber  are  so  large  that  the  figures 
are  a  trifle  bewildering.  Thus,  in  DS^i  the  num- 
ber of  feet  received  was  883,943,163,  an  increase 
of  fully  twenty-fi\e  per  cent  on  those  of  two 
jears  previously.  The  shipments  were  less  than 
half  the  receipts,  showing  that  during  the  year 
4ii(),on(),000  feet  of  lumber  were  consumed  in 
the  local  planing  mills,  wagon  and  carriage  fac- 
tories, and  other  establishments,  a  marked 
tribute  to  the  cit\'s  manufacturing  acti\it\'. 
The  planing  mill  jiroducts  alone  realized  at 
lea.st  $4,000,000  during  the  year,  and  are  stead- 


COTTON 
AND  WOOL. 


The  general  depression  in 
the  cotton  trade  during  the 
last  few  years  has  been  so  great 
thai  nnich  activity  is  impossible,  but  St.  Louis 
is  rapidly  increasing  its  importance  as  a  receiv- 
iug  and  distributing  point.  It  draws  most  of 
its  su])])lies  from  Arkansas,  the  other  States 
vv'hich  ship  largely  to  St.  Louis  being  Te.xas, 
Mississijipi,  Tennessee,  Alabama,  ^lissouri, 
Louisiana  and  Kentucky.  During  the  year 
l>>!n  the  city  built  u])  a  very  valuable  export 
trade,  shipping  1«.'),(»0(),000  bales  to  England, 
and  smaller  quantities  to  Ocrmany,  France, 
Belgium,  Ireland,  Saxony,  Austria,  Italy,  Hol- 
land aud  Switzerland,  the  shipments  to  Ireland, 
.Saxony  and  Holland  opening  up  an  cntirelv  new 
trade.  The  total  shipments  during  the  year  end- 
ing Augu.st  31,  1892,  were  (JHrj.OOO  bales,  of 
which  nearly  a  third  went  direct  to  Europe,  antf 
17(),00()  bales  to  ICngland.  A  great  gain  in 
this  business  cannot  be  looked  for  until  condi- 


tions over  which  the  city  has  no  control  are 
changed. 

At  one  time  there  existed  a  prejudice  again.st 
St.  Louis  as  a  wool  market,  but  this  fortunately 
has  entirely  died  out.  The  receipts  in  wool 
in  St.  Louis  in  1892  were  about  2(5,000,000 
pounds,  4,000,000  greater  than  in  1891,  and 
larger  than  any  year's  in  the  city's  historj'.  The 
years  1888  to  1891  showed  a  satisfactor>'  busi- 
ness, increasing  during  the  four  years  a  little 
over  2,000,000  pounds.  The  early  eighties 
showed  unfavorable  returns,  none  of  them  ex- 
ceeding or  even  approaching  the  business  of 
1879.  A  great  jump  was  made  in  the  forward 
direction  in  the  year  188.'),  and  now  the  strength 
of  the  St.  Louis  wool  market  is  so  great  that 
there  can  be  no  possible  anxiety  as  to  the  future. 
St.  Louis  is  now  a  very  much  stronger  wool 
market  than  Chicago,  and  for  domestic  wools  it 
is  now  the  greatest  market  in  the  conntr}-,  with 
the  single  exception  of  Boston.  The  great  gain 
has  been  brought  about  mainly  b)-  the  energy  of 
the  wool  merchants,  who  have  established  for 
the  city  a  great  reputation  for  promptness  in 
handling  consignments  and  making  remittances. 
This  fact,  coupled  with  the  improved  railroad 
facilities  and  reduced  freight  rates,  has  brought 
the  St.  Louis  wool  market  in  touch  with  the 
large  wool  producing  areas  in  Montana,  Wyo- 
miug  and  Colorado.  Two  of  these  States  are 
within  \\liat  is  regarded  as  Chicago  territory, 
which  city  formerly  secured  the  bulk  of  the 
Colorado  trade.  Now,  howe\-er,  the.se  three 
States  send  nearh-  the  whole  of  their  product  to 
St.  Louis,  and  the  indications  are  that  other  ex- 
treme Western  States  will  soon  follow  the  good 
example  set  them. 

In  shipments,  St.  Louis  was  even  more  active 
in  1892  than  in  receipts,  the  sjilendid  total 
of  27,000,000  being  reached,  showing  an  in- 
crea.se  of  considerably  over  .'),000,000  pounds. 
The  .stock  on  hand  on  Januar)'  1,  1892,  ex- 
ceeded 7,000,000  pounds,  but  the  transac- 
tions for  the  year  were  so  heavy  that  in  spite 
of  the  great  increase  in  receipts,  the  stock  carried 
over  to  1893  showed  a  very  gratifying  decrease. 
It  is  probable  that  the  increased  demand  from 


50 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Northern  and  Northwestern  areas  is  mainly  re- 
sponsible for  this  increase  in  shipments.  For- 
merly these  mills  relied  upon  Chicago  for  their 
supplies,  and  it  is  only  in  recent  years  that  they 
have  found  out  that  they  can  get  better  treat- 
ment in  St.  Louis  than  in  any  other  city  in  the 
country.  Wisconsin  is  taking  more  and  more 
of  our  wool  every  month,  and  mills  within  the 
city  boundaries  of  Chicago  send  their  orders  in 
here  with  gratifying  regularity. 

Strange  buyers  are  seen  in  the  city  constantly, 
and  are  more  than  welcome.  They  are  attracted 
here  by  reports  of  friends  in  the  same  line  of 
business  who  ha\'e  commenced  drawing  their 
supplies  from  St.  Louis,  and  who  have  found  it 
to  their  advantage  to  do  so.  The  superiority  of 
the  St.  Louis  wool  market  in  the  matter  of  selec- 
tions is  its  guarantee  for  future  success,  and  the 
great  increase  in  wool  manufacturing  in  the 
West  and  Northwest  renders  any  anxiety  un- 
necessary as  to  the  maintenance  of  the  demand 
in  the  sections  which  the  city  rightfully  looks 
upon  as  its  own. 

While  the  receipts  of  wool  have  doubled 
themselves  during  the  last  twelve  years,  the 
gain  in  hides  and  leather  has  been  even  more 
pronounced.  The  weight  of  the  hides  recei\'ed 
has  increased  from  IS, 000, 000  pounds  in  l<s<S0 
to  nearly  40,000,000  pounds  per  annum  now, 
while  the  shipments  have  about  doubled  during 
the  same  period.  In  the  early  days  of  St.  Louis 
it  was  noted  for  its  transactions  in  peltries  and 
furs,  which  increased  steadily  up  to  about  the 
year  1870.  For  the  next  fifteen  or  sixteen  j-ears 
comparatively  little  progress  was  made,  owing 
to  causes  which  affected  the  wool  industry  of 
the  entire  country,  but  the  business  has  in- 
creased six-fold  during  the  last  six  years,  and 
has  now  assumed  enormous  proportions. 

St.  Louis  is  known  as  the 


liush'ls       1802. 


isni. 


1890. 


188!). 


1888. 


WHEAT  AND 
OTHER  GRAIN. 


best  winter  wheat  ilour  market 
in  the  world,  and  it  is  the  sec- 
ond in  the  list  of  primary  grain  markets  in  the 
United  States.  Its  receipts  in  grain  have  in- 
creased more  than  sixty  per  cent  in  the  last  five 
years,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  following  con- 
densed table: 


Wheat  127,483,855  25,523,183  11,730,774  13,810,501  13,010,108 
Corn  ..  32,03(),0:«t  21,5:50,1)40  45,003,081  34,21I!I,7S1  iO,2lii),4'J!) 
Oats  ..-.   10,004,810  12,432,215  12,2.50,0.^)  11,347,340  10,4.5G,7r.O 

Rve 1,180,153    1. MO, 400       501,0.-|4        070,3U4|      421,514 

liarley.     2,001,249'   2,U)S,54G    2,7»4,S80j   3,070,8071  3,044,001 


Total. 


73,999,097iG2,744,374  72,260,344  63,207,883  47,202,842 


The  export  trade  has  increased  with  great 
rapidity,  the  European  shi])nK'nts  being  six 
times  as  large  in  lW-2  as  in  LSiK)  in  wheat 
alone.  The  popularity  of  St.  Louis  as  a  grain 
market  is  also  proved  by  the  increased  receipts 
in  wheat  since  l<S8(j,  when  they  were  8,400,000 
bu.shels,  as  compared  with  27,000,000  in  18!»2. 
The  transactions  in  hay  have  increased  very 
rapidh'  during  the  last  ten  years,  though,  owing 
to  the  increased  home  consumption,  the  ship- 
ments have  remained  nearly  stationary.  Dur- 
ing the  current  year,  hay  has  been  shipped  from 
St.  Louis  to  France,  and  although  the  transac- 
tion was  a  comparatively  insignificant  one,  it  is 
of  imijortance  as  showing  what  an  innnense  field 
is  open  for  St.  Louis  in  exporting,  and  how 
easily  these  opportunities  can  be  taken  advan- 
tage of. 

St.  Louis  is  the  best  horse 
and    mule    market    in   the 


HORSES,  MULES 
AND   LIVE  STOCK. 


United  States;  and  so  far  as 
mules  are  concerned,  its  transactions  are  larger 
than  those  of  all  the  other  markets  in  the  coun- 
try combined.  The  trade  is  confined  to  a  com- 
paratively small  area  on  Broadway,  a  few  blocks 
north  of  the  Eads  bridge.  About  50,000  mules 
are  sold  every  year  in  this  section,  and  the  re- 
ceipts from  sales  exceed  $5,000,000.  The  gov- 
ernment purchases  between  1,000  and  2,000 
nuiles  every  year  from  St.  Louis,  and  the  south- 
ern planters  rely  on  the  city  entirely  for  their 
supply.  Shipments  are  made  to  Cuba  in  large 
numbers,  one  firm  alone  selling  as  many  as  5,000 
head  a  year  to  Cuban  planters.  To  such  a  perfect 
system  has  the  trade  been  brought  that  tele- 
graphic orders  are  often  received  and  executed  for 
from  twelve  to  a  hundred  mules  wanted  at  distant 
points.  The  animals  are  graded  very  carefully, 
and  there  is  hence  little  difficulty  in  fixing  values 


TRADE  AND  COMMERCE. 


51 


or  completing  trades.  In  horses,  St.  Louis  also 
does  a  very  large  trade,  as  many  as  20,000  being 
sold  every  year.  It  is  quite  an  every-day  occur- 
rence for  high-grade  carriage  horses  to  be  or- 
dered from  St.  Louis  by  New  York  and  Chicago 
dealers.  This  is  because  St.  Louis  has  the  repu- 
tation of  pa)ing  a  higher  price  for  stock  than 
any  other  market,  while  the  rapidity  with  which 
sales  are  made  makes  it  profitable  to  sell  at  very 
low  prices.  IMore  than  one  St.  Louis  magnate 
has  ordered  a  pair  of  handsome  carriage  horses 
from  a  distant  market  in  order  to  obtain  .some- 
thing exceptionally  fine,  only  to  have  his  order 
executed  through  a  St.  Louis  dealer  or  broker 
at  an  additional  expense  to  him  of  the  commis- 
sion charged  by  the  foreign  house. 

In  li\e  stock  generalh',  St.  Louis  is  a  highly 
important  market.  The  total  li\-e  cattle  receipts 
in  l!Sil2  were  801,111,  and  almost  the  entire  re- 
ceipts were  marketed  here.  From  600  to  800 
head  of  cattle  are  slaughtered  daily  at  the  Na- 
tional Stock  Yards,  and  a  great  increase  in  fa- 
cilities is  the  result  of  the  introduction  of  capital 
from  outside  points.  During  ls;t2,  St.  Louis 
sold  more  Texas  cattle  than  Chicago,  and  the 
prices  realized  were  somewhat  higher.  In  spite 
of  the  general  decrease  of  interest  in  sheep- 
raising  throughout  the  country,  there  was  but  a 
slight  falling  off  in  the  receipts  or  shiiiments  of 
sheep:  nor  was  the  volume  of  business  in  hogs 
materialh-  reduced,  although  the  flood  kept  a 
great  deal  of  trade  away  from  the  city,  in  addi- 
tion to  which  less  hogs  were  raised.  It  is  a 
significant  fact  that,  although  a  less  number 
were  sold,  a  very  much  larger  sum  was  realized 
than  in  ISDl,  and  the  condition  of  the  market 
must  be  described  as  exceptionally  healthy  in 
every  respect. 

The  story  of  the 
greatness  of  St.  Louis 


RETAIL  ESTABUSHMEj\TS 
HERE  AND  ELSEWHERE. 


as  a  wholesale  and 
jobbing  center  might  be  continued  without  limit, 
but  the  few  specialties  selected  must  suffice  to 
illustrate  the  general  scope  and  extent  of  the 
business,  which  has  assumed  proportions  far  be- 
yond what  the  most  enthusiastic  New  St.  Louisan 
realizes,  and  which    is    growing  every  month. 


Before  passing  from  the  subject  of  trade  and 
commerce,  a  reference  must  be  made  to  the  re- 
tail business  of  the  city.  St.  Louis  is  without 
doubt  the  greatest  shopjjing  center  in  the  West, 
and  with  Init  few  exceptions  the  greatest  in  the 
country.  The  Bureau  of  Information  recently 
issued  a  circular  to  2,000  prominent  citizens, 
asking  them  a  series  of  questions  as  to  the  retail 
excellence  of  St.  Louis.  Among  other  queries 
was  one  as  to  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  as- 
sortments, and  another  asked  for  a  comparison 
as  to  price.  Nearly  every  reply  was  to  the  effect 
that  the  more  one  traveled  the  more  was  the 
conviction  driven  home  that  New  St.  Louis  was 
one  of  the  most  favored  cities  so  far  as  stocks 
are  concerned,  and  the  opinion  was  unanimously 
expressed  that  retailers  ask  less  for  their  wares 
than  do  those  of  any  other  city  for  similar  grades. 
One  of  the  leaders  of  society,  a  lady  who  was 
born  in  the  East,  but  who  is  now  the  wife  of  one 
of  St.  Louis'  leading  bankers,  did  not  exagger- 
ate one  jot  or  tittle  when  she  said  : 

"Every  year  I  visit  the  eastern  stores,  and 
every  year  I  become  more  strongly  convinced 
that  our  St.  Louis  merchants  equal  in  energy 
and  result  any  in  the  United  States." 

Captain  Cuttle's  advice  to  his  friends  as  to  im- 
portant records  of  fact  and  philosophy  was, 
"when  found,  make  a  note  of."  The  hint 
expressed  so  tersely  by  the  St.  Louis  lady  is  as 
valuable  as  any  pro\erb  of  the  past  or  present, 
and  should  be  "made  note  of"  and  be  borne 
constantly  in  mind  by  ever)-  resident  in  the  city 
or  within  a  day's  journey  of  it. 

St.  Li>uis  merchants  act  on  the  principle  that 
the  best  is  the  cheapest,  and  they  accordingly 
carry  the  best  goods  in  e\ery  grade,  thereby  ac- 
quiring and  maintaining  a  reputation  which 
adds  greatly  to  their  business,  and  which  brings 
them  in  orders  by  mail  from  every  direction.  It 
is  impossil)le  to  estimate  how  many  thousands 
of  dollars  are  received  in  vSt.  Louis  daily  by  re- 
tailers, but  tile  express  and  freight  business 
transacted  may  be  taken  as  a  fair  index,  and 
this  shows  that  St.  Louis  occupies  a  unique  po- 
sition as  a  distributor  of  goods  of  ever)-  descrip- 
tion required  for  household  purposes.     The  store 


52 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


buildings  of  a  few  years  ago  having  proved  en- 
tirely inadequate  to  the  wants  of  the  present  time, 
magnifieent  structures  have  been  erected  for  the 
acconiuiodation  of  merchant  princes  in  various 
lines.  Broadway  and  Olive  street  are  special 
favorites  with  large  retailers,  and  most  of  the 
large  establishments  are  to  be  found  on  these 
magnificent  thoroughfares,  though  in  some  lines 
adjoining  streets  are  also  quite  popular. 

The  retail  dry  goods  houses  may  be  described 
as  singularly  massive  and  complete,  some  of 
the  largest  establishments  on  the  Parisian  Bon 
Marche  plan  having  acquired  a  national  reputa- 
tion. In  clothing  and  hats,  the  retail  establish- 
ments are  also  consj^icuously  fine,  while  the 
most  elaborate  assortments  of  boots  and  shoes 
are  to  be  found  in  numerous  retail  stores  in  the 
best  locations  in  the  city. 

Speaking  of  the  retail  trade  of  the  city  gener- 
ally, it  may  be  said  that  the  St.  Louis  merchants 
are  specially  favored  by  location.     Not  only  have 
they  a  population  of  considerably  over  half  a 
million  within  their  own  city  from  which  to 
draw  regular  trade,  but  they  also  enjoy  the  trade 
of  an  immense  number  of  suburban  and  semi- 
suburban    cities,  in    addition   to  doing  a  large 
trade  by  express  and  through  the  mails  with  the 
residents  of   at  least  five  States.     Besides  these 
excellent  facilities  for  securing  customers,  they 
are  remarkably  well  fixed  for  obtaining  stock  at 
reasonable   prices.       The  manufactories  of  the 
city  enable  a  large  percentage  of  the  supply  to 
be  drawn  from  home,  and  the  railroad  connec- 
tions with  the  East  are  such  as  to  render  it  very 
easy  and  convenient  to  receive  the  latest  pro- 
ductions of  the  great  eastern  houses.     The  city 
.is  also  a  United  States    port   of  entrj^  and  re- 
ceives goods  from  European  centers  direct  to  the 
consignee.     Every  advantage  is  taken  of  these 
facilities,  and  the  latest  fashion  in  St.  Louis  is 
never  far  behind  the  latest  fashion  in  New  York, 
London  or  Paris. 

The  St.  Louisan  on  his  travels  and  anxious 
to  have  justice  done  his  favored  city  should  ac- 
quaint himself  with  some  of  the  most  remarkable 
of  its  commercial*  achievements. 


*See  also  page  29. 


vSt.  Louis  is  the  best  market  in  .Vmerica. 
It  is  by  far  the  best  hardwood  lumber  market. 
It  is  the  largest  soft  hat  market  in  the  world. 
It  has  the  largest  drug  house  in  the  world. 
It  sells  more  bags  and  bagging  than  an\'  other 
city. 

It  is  the  largest  interior  cotton  market  in  the 
world. 

It  is  the  best  winter  wheat  flour  market  in  the 
world. 

It  is  the  largest  inland  coffee  market  in  the 
world. 

It  is  the  second  primary  grain  market  in  the 
world. 

It  is  the  largest  horse  and  mule  market  in  the 
world. 

Its  wholesale  grocery  sales  exceed  ^i^HO^ooo^ooo 
a  year. 

It  has  the  largest  exclusive  carpet  house  in 
America. 

It  is  the  largest  fruit  and  vegetable  market  in 
America. 

It  has  the  largest  hardware  establishment  in 
the  world. 

It  has  the  largest  woodenware  establishment 
in  the  world. 

It  is  the  third  largest  dry  goods  market  in  the 
United  States. 

It  has  the  finest  jewelry  establishment  in  the 
United  States. 

It  ships  more  than  7.'), DOd, <)()()  pounds  of  barb 
wire  annually. 

It  exports  more  goods  to  Mexico  than  any 
other  interior  city. 

It  is  the  best  interior  market  in  the  United 
States  for  domestic  wool. 

It  handles  more  than  half  the  woodenware 
sold  in  the  United  States. 

It  receives  by  rail  and  river  a  million  tons  of 
merchandise  every  month. 

It  is  the  largest  shoe  distributing  point  in  the 
world,  with  one  exception. 

It  handles  on  an  average  nearly  three  million 
feet  of  lumber  every  working  day  in  the  year. 

Its  transactions  in  dry  goods,  clothing,  hats 
and  shoes  are  in  excess  of  $100, 000,000  per 
annum. 


RAILROAD  AM)  RIIER  FACILITIUS. 


53 


CHAPTER    V. 

RAILROAD  AND  RIVER  FACILITIES. 

THE   BEST    RAILROAD  CENTER   IN   THE   UNITED  STATES.— THE    LARGEST  CITY  ON   THE   LARGEST 
RIVER   IN   THE   WORLD.-THE   LARGEST   RAILROAD  STATION   IN   THE  WORLD. 


PROPHET,"  we  are  told,  "is  not 
without  honor,  save  in  his  own 
country,"  and  what  is  true  of 
prophets  is  equally  true  of  cities. 
Hence  it  was  that  the  world  generally 
was  enlightened  concerning  the  ex- 
traordinary advance  of  St.  Louis  as  a  railroad 
center,  not  by  a  St.  Louis  statistician,  but  by 
Mr.  Robert  P.  Porter,  Superintendent  of  the 
Eleventh  Census,  whose  under-statemeut  of  the 
population  of  the  city  in  18!K)  proves  conclu- 
sively that  he  is  not  unduly  prejudiced  in  favor 
of  St.  Louis.  In  the  speech  delivered  by  the 
superintendent  on  November  21,  1891,  from 
which  quotations  have  already  been  made,  he 
called  attention  to  the  fact  that  St.  Louis,  as  a 
railroad  center,  is  something  of  which  the 
nation,  as  well  as  the  city,  can  be  proud.  "  We 
may  throw  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois  out  of 
consideration,"  he  said,  "and  still  have  more 
miles  of  railroad  tributary  to  St.  Louis  than  the 
total  mileage  of  the  United  Kingdom,  of  Crer- 
man\',  France  or  Austria-Hungary.  Add  half 
of  Illinois,  wliicli  is  justly  tributar\-  to  this  cit\', 
and  we  ha\c  a  railway  mileage,  tributary  to 
this  one  great  river  city,  equal  to  the  combined 
raihva\-  mileage  of  the  United  Kingdom  and 
Austria-Hungarv.  .\gaiu,  take  the  mileage  of 
railways  centering  in  St.  Louis,  and  we  find  it 
equal  to  the  total  mileage  of  the  German  Em- 
pire, and  exceeding  In'  about  five  thousaiul  miles 
the  total  mileage  of  railways  of  England  or  of 
France.  These  are  not  boastful  facts,  1)nt  facts 
which  point  to  a  future  far  be\'ond  that  as  yet 
attained  by   liurope's  great  ri\er  cities." 

A  year  later,  another  tribute  to  the  excellence 


of  vSt.  Louis  as  a  railroad  center,  was  paid  by 
Mr.  Julian  Ralph,  who,  in  his  article  in  Har- 
per's Ne2V  Monthly  Alagazine,  for  November, 
1892,  said:  "St.  Louis  has  become  remarkable 
as  a  centering  place  of  railroads.  The  city  is 
like  a  Xwxh  to  those  spokes  of  steel  that  reach  out 
in  a  circle,  which,  unlike  that  of  most  other 
towns  of  prominence,  is  nowhere  broken  by  lake, 
sea  or  mountain  chain.  Nine  very  important 
railways,  and  a  dozen  lesser  ones,  meet  there. 
The  mileage  of  the  roads  thus  centering  at  the  city 
is  25,(>78,  or  nearly  11,1100  more  than  in  1880, 
while  the  mileage  of  the  roads  that  are  tributary' 
to  the  city  has  grown  from  3."),0U0  to  more  than 
57,000.  These  railways  span  the  continent 
from  New  York  to  San  Francisco.  They  reach 
from  New  Orleans  to  Chicago,  and  from  the 
Northwestern  States  to  Florida.  Through  Pull- 
nuin  cars  are  now  run  from  St.  Louis  to  San 
FVancisco,  to  the  City  of  Mexico,  and  to  St. 
Augustine  and  Tampa  in  the  season.  New 
lines  that  ha\'e  the  city  as  their  objective  point 
are  projected;  old  lines  that  have  not  gone  there 
are  preparing  to  build  connecting  branches,  and 
several  of  the  largest  systems  that  reach  there 
are  just  now  greatly  increasing  their  terminal 
facilities  in  the  city  with  notable  works  at  im- 
mense cost." 

These  two  quotations  from 
the  utterances  or  writings  of 
outsiders,  show  hnw  the  rail- 
road facilities  of  St.  Louis  are  appreciated 
throughout  the  country  at  the  present  time. 
During  the  eighties  the  growth  in  the  city's 
railroad  facilities,  and  in  the  territory  which  it 
supplies    with    merchandise,    were    euonnous. 


THB  SITUATION 
L\  1890. 


54 


OLD  AXn  XF.W  ST.  LOUIS. 


Duriu<;  the  decade  the  railroad  iiiilcaye  of  Texas, 
which  is  one  of  the  States  which  draws  nearly  all 
its  supplies  from  this  city,  increased  147  per 
cent;  those  of  Louisiana,  jMississippi,  and  Ar- 
kansas, three  more  States  in  St.  Louis  territory, 
more  than  doubled  durin,<.j  the  same  period, 
while  the  Indian  Territory  railroad  milea<4e 
increased  nearly  four-fold.  The  increase  in 
Kansas,  another  distinctly  St.  Louis  State,  was 
about  ei.i>hty  per  cent,  and  through  the  entire 
section  tributary  to  St.  Louis  there  was  a  gain 
of  i  1 ,0()()  miles,  or  about  sixty-one  per  cent.  The 
following  table  shows  the  general  increase  in 
mileage,  tonnage  and  passenger  traffic  of  the 
St.  Louis  railroads  between  the  years  of  1880 
and  1890.  It  was  not  prepared  for  the  purpose 
of  demonstrating  the  greatness  of  St.  Louis,  but 
is  part  of  the  official  record  of  the  census  of 
18il(): 


"5 
o 

:  1  :  i  iS 

:     :     :     :     ;  o 
::!:!«■ 
:     :     :     :     : lo 
:     :     :     :     :oo 

:     i     ;     i     ioo 

o  o    : 
o  o     : 
o  o    : 
f-Too"    ! 

A\  ; 

13,848,000 

$70,453,000 

91,779,000 

21,326,000 

14,513,000 

32,871.000 

18,358,000 

$23,202,000 

29,738,000 

0,. 536, 000 

03* 

o 

:      :      :  O  O        O  O      :      ; 

:     ;o  o      o  o    :    : 

i     :     :  c:  5       fC  p;     i     i 

1      :      ;  o  t^        CS  CI      1      : 

1             :  CO  5^'      ;  05  lO      1      : 

;  OO     : 

:§§  ;  i 

:  00  eo    : 
:  Tjios 

;t->o   : 

:^"o<r    :     : 

^  00  t^     :                     .     :  0^  -^ 

O     : 

IN    : 

s. 
^ 

oo5_oo_    1    :     ■     ■     1     ;■*  — 
rH  M  ri     :                          :  MiO 

(3 

OO      .-OO      -OO      :00      :00      :00 
OOOi      :0000        OSOi      :coC5      :COOi      :coci 

0000     :ooa)     :ooco     .ccoo     :cooo     :oo(X 

CC  CO 

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li 

Mileage  of  railroads  centering  in  St.  Louis 

Do 

Increase  

Freight  received  by  railroads  centering  in  St.  Louis 

Freight  forwarded  by  railroads  centering  in  St.  Louis.... 

Total 

Freight  forwarded  by  railroads  centering  in  St.  Louis  ... 

Increase  

Mileage  ot  railroads  tributary  to  St.  Louis 

Do 

Increase 

Freight  tonnage  of  railroads  tributary  to  St.  Louis 

Do 

:.2 

!'3 

:  0 

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These  figures  are  bewildering  in  their  \ast- 
ness,  especially  when  it  is  remembered  that  it  is 
but  a  little  more  than  forty  years  ago  when  work 
was  connnenced  on  the  first  railroad  entering 
St.  Louis.  It  is  interesting  at  this  period,  and 
in  A-iew  of  the  marvelous  achievements  of  St. 
Louis  railroads,  to  glance  back  for  a  moment  at 
the  earl}'  efforts  to  secure  railroad  connection  of 
any  kind  for  St.  Louis.  After  the  Legislaturt- 
of  Missouri  had  in  the  year  184!)  incorporated  a 
railway  company  to  build  a  road  from  St.  Louis 
to  Jefferson  City,  with  a  view  to  its  being  ex- 
tended out  to  the  Pacific  Ocean,  local  sentiment 
was  inclined  to  be  facetious  as  well  as  skeptical. 

During  the  last  year  or  two  there  have  been 
manv  prophets  who  ha\'e  doubted  the  possibilit\' 
of  connecting  St.  Louis  and  Chicago  by  means 
of  an  electric  railroad  which  would  shorten  the 
distance  between  the  two  cities  so  as  to  bring  it 
down  to  a  three-hours'  journey.  Forty-four  \-ears 
ago  there  were  as  many,  if  not  more,  people  who 
were  certain  that  the  road  then  projected  across 
the  State  would  ne\-er  be  built. 

While  people  were  disctissing  the 
impossibility  of  the  project,  Mr. 
Thomas  Allen  called  a  meeting  of 
the  incorporators  at  the  St.  Louis  insurance 
rooms  and  delivered  an  address  which  forms 
"mighty  interesting  reading"  at  this  time^ 
Mr.  Allen  asked  his  hearers  to  imagine  that  the 
road  had  been  constructed  and  opened  for  traffic. 
"Let  us  enter,"  he  said,  "the  depot  or  station- 
house,  which  is  the  largest  house  in  the  city. 
Here  we  see  boxes  of  merchandise  of  all  sizes, 
and  various  articles  of  household  and  family 
utensils,  hogsheads  of  sugar,  sacks  of  coffee  and 
of  salt,  barrels  of  molasses  and  of  whisky,  kits 
of  mackerel,  boxes  of  raisins,  bundles  of  paper, 
wagons  in  pieces  and  small  carriages,  kegs  of 
nails,  bars  of  iron,  boxes  of  Indian  goods,  of 
shoes,  hats,  tar  and  turpentine,  marked  for  the 
towns  in  the  interior,  and  some  for  Deseret,  all 
of  which  the  men  are  at  work  placing  in  the  freight 
train.  There  is  none  of  that  disorder  and  flurry 
which  exists  upon  the  levee,  but  all  is  neatness 
and  order. 

"But  the  bell  is  riuirinir.     We  will  take  our 


A  FORECAST 
IN  1849. 


RAILROAD  AND  RIVER  FACILITIES. 


55 


ticket  and  step  aboard  the  passenger  train  with 
fifty  or  sixt)'  other  passengers  who  are  destined 
for  varions  points  along  the  line  of  the  road. 
Off  we  go,  with  the  speed  of  twentj-'five  miles 
an  hour.  We  ha\e  not  gone  five  miles  when 
the  pace  of  the  train  is  slacked  and  w-e  obser\-e 
one  or  two  gentlemen  jumping  off  at  the  su- 
bnrban  residences.  A  few  miles  further  is  a 
platform  and  a  turn-out.  Here  several  are 
waiting  to  get  off  to  go  to  their  dwellings. 
Here  also  we  observe  a  string  of  open  cars  laden 
with  coal.  We  pass  on,  scarcely  having  time 
to  observe  the  fine  residences  which  city  gen- 
tlemen have  constructed  all  along  each  side  of 
the  road,  but  we  stop  every  few  moments  to  let 
off  a  passenger  or  two  and  take  on  as  many 
more,  so  that  our  number  is  kept  about  the 
same.  Here  we  pass  a  train  loaded  with  wood, 
with  a  few  cars  of  baled  hay  attached.  The 
country  on  either  side  seems  to  be  full  of  busy 
men  and  every  farm  occupied.  Directly  we 
reach  a  water  station,  where  we  observe  im- 
mense piles  of  cord- wood,  and  man\-  men  en- 
gaged in  hauling  and  cording.  Here  also  is  a 
small  refreshment  house,  and  here  again  we 
leave  and  take  on  a  few  passengers. 

"  We  come  in  sight  of  the  Missouri,  and  catch 
a  glimi)se,  as  we  pass,  of  a  steamboat,  with  a 
small  freight  and  a  few  j^assengers,  puffing  away 
and  hard  on  a  sand-bar.  Soon  we  meet  a  freight 
train  loaded  with  pigs  of  lead  and  copper  and 
iron  from  Franklin  county.  In  about  two  hours 
from  St.  Louis,  we  are  at  the  Union  Station, 
where  we  discharge  a  few  ])assengers  and  ob- 
serve large  piles  of  metal  pigs.  Though  stop- 
ping now  and  then  to  leave  or  take  on  a  pas- 
senger, or  to  suppiv  the  engine  with  water,  we 
are  soon  in  Ciasconade  couulw  We  pass  cars 
laden  with  canncl  coal,  and  we  discharge  at 
Hermann  Station  a  number  of  Germans  and 
their  baggage,  and  we  observe  some  cars  receiv- 
ing freight,  some  of  it  apparenth'  pianos,  and 
quite  a  number  of  jiipes  one  would  suppose  to 
be  wine — all  the  manufacture  of  Hermann. 
We  are  come,  however,  to  the  crossing  of  the 
Gasconade,  which  is  a  grand  bridge  of  solid  ma- 
sonry of   great  strength  and  durability.     Here 


is  quite  an  imjjortant  station,  and  we  notice  a 
nuni])er  of  new  Ijuildings  going  up  on  lots  sold 
by  the  railway  company;  immense  quantities  of 
yellow  pine  piled  up,  and  a  number  of  cars  at- 
tached to  an  engine  ready  to  start  to  St.  Louis 
with  a  heavy  load  of  lumber. 

"We  cross  the  Lamine,  stop  at  the  Saline 
Station,  and  we  are  .struck  with  the  fine  appear- 
ance of  the  country  as  we  pass  on  and  observe 
numerous  excellent  farms.  We  leave  a  few 
passengers  at  Lexington  Station,  a  few  miles 
south  of  that  place,  and  reach  our  station  not 
far  from  the  Kansas  river  (Kaw  river)  about  tea- 
time,  having  been  about  ten  hours  from  St. 
Loiiis.  Here  our  remaining  passengers,  to  the 
number  of  aljout  twenty  or  thirty,  dispose  them- 
selves for  the  night  at  a  good  hotel,  intending 
in  the  morning  to  be  off  for  Indeiiendence,  Lib- 
erty, Westport  and  St.  Joseph,  and  other  places 
up  the  river.  The  hotel  is  quite  full  of  passen- 
gers, there  being  as  many  to  go  down  as  up, 
and  in  the  station-house  is  a  freight  train  ready 
to  start.  It  was  remarked  that  there  was  not 
less  than  a  thousand  tons  of  freight  that  day  on 
this  road.  Now,  although  this  be  an  imaginary 
triji,  who  can  doubt,  who  knows  anything  of 
railroads,  that  the  picture  would  be  fully  if  not 
more  than  realized  upon  the  opening  of  such  a 
road?  Can  we  do  any  better  than  to  take  the 
2,000  shares  required  preliminary  to  the  per- 
manent organization?  I  am  strong  in  the  be- 
lief that  if  the  road  had  been  built  but  fifty 
miles, or  if  built  to  Jefferson  City,  it  would  pay." 
When  Mr.  Allen  concluded 
this  address  he  locked  the  door. 


A    GLORIOUS 
REALIZATION. 


and,  turning  to  those  present, 
remarked  that  it  was  a  time  for  acting  and  not 
speaking,  adding  a  hope  that  the  2,000  shares 
of  stock  required  would  be  subscrilied  for  before 
the  door  was  unlocked.  One  hundred  thousand 
dollars  in  stock  was  required,  for  which  Messrs. 
James  H.  Lucas,  John  O'Kallon  and  Daniel 
Page  subscribed,  and  thus  was  laid  the  founda- 
tion-stone for  a  railroad  which  in  itself  has  lie- 
come  a  source  of  untold  worth  to  St.  I.,ouis,  and 
of  a  railroad  s\stem  generally,  which,  as  has 
been  shown  above,  is  equal  or  superior  to  that 


56 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


of  any  other  city  in  the  worhl.  The  vSl.  Lonis 
Traffic  Commission,  of  which  Mr.  C.  N.  Osgood 
is  executive  officer,  with  the  title  of  Commis- 
sioner, has  enabled  fnll  benefit  to  be  derived 
from  the  great  railroad  mileage  of  the  city,  and 
it  is  largely  from  the  reports  of  Mr.  Osgood  that 
the  data  concerning  these  railroads  centering  in 
the  city  are  taken.     These  railroads  are: 

Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe. 

Baltimore  &  Ohio. 

Chicago  &  Alton. 

Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincv. 

Cleveland,  Cincinnati,  Chicago  &  St.  Louis  ("The 
Big  Four"). 

Illinois  Central  (via  the  Vaiulalia  and  Cairo  Short 
Lines). 

Jacksonville  Southeastern. 

Louisville  &  Nashville. 

Louisville,  Evansville  &  St.  Louis  ("Air  Line"). 

Missouri,  Kansas  &  Texas. 

Missouri  Pacific. 

Mobile  &  Ohio. 

Ohio  &  Missi.ssippi. 

St.  Louis  &  Hannibal. 

St.  Louis  &  San  Francisco  (" 'Frisco  Line"). 

St.  Louis,  Alton  &  Terre  Haute  ("Cairo  Short 
Line"). 

St.  Louis,  Chicago  &  St.  Paul  ("Bluff  Line"). 

St.  Louis,  Iron  Mountain  &  Southern  ("Iron 
Mountain"). 

St.  Louis,  Kansas  City  &  Colorado. 

St.  Louis,  Keokuk  &  Northwestern  ("Burlington 
Route"). 

St.  Louis  Southwestern  ("Cotton  Belt"). 

St.  Louis,  V.\ndalia  &  Terre  Haute  ("Vandalia 
Line"). 

Toledo,  St.  Louis  &  Kansas  City  ("Clover  Leaf "). 

Wabash. 

These  are  exclnsive  of  the  transfer  lines  con- 
necting St.  Lonis  with  the  Relay  depot  on  the 
other  side  of  the  Kads  bridge.     These  are: 

The  Terminal  Railroad  Association. 

The  St.  Louis  Merchants'  Bridge  Terminal. 

The  Wiggin's  Ferry  Company  (and  associated  lines). 

The  Madison  County  Ferry. 

Louisville,  Evansville  &  St.  Louis  R.  R.  Ferry. 

Carondelet  Ferry. 


In  discussing  in  detail  the 
varions  railroad  connections 
of  St.  Lonis,  they  will  be 
dealt  with  in  their  alpha- 
betical order,  as  above;  it  being  left  to  the 
reader  to  discriminate  between  the  importance 


THE 

A  TCHISON.  'FRISCO 

SYSTEM. 


of   tlie   \arions   systems,    and   to   decide   which 
would  be  first  discussed,  were  the  classification  by 
order  of  merit.     The   first   on   the    list  is  the 
Atchi.son,  Topeka  &  Santc  Fe,  which,   by   the 
absorption  of  the  St.    Louis   &  San   Francisco 
road,  some  three  years  ago,  obtained  a  direct 
entrance  to  the  city,  and  made  St.  I,onis  one  of 
the  terminal  points  of  the  great  system  which 
controls  over  ii,(H)0  miles  of  railroad,  extending 
to  California  on  the  west,  Texas  and  Old  Mex- 
ico on  the  south,  and  the  lakes  on  the  north. 
The  amalgamation  of  the    two    systems    gave 
St.  Louis  another  route  to  the  Pacific  Coast  and 
also  to  Old  Mexico,  and,  in  addition  to  that,  it 
greatly  increased  the  railroad  facilities  bet  ween  St. 
Louis  and  Oklahoma.      By  means  of  the  'Frisco 
branch  to  Sapulpa,  St.  Louis  has  railroad  facil- 
ities without    change  of  cars,  to  the  northeast 
corner  of  Oklahoma,  while  the  'Frisco  Southern 
Kansas  line,  with  the   iVtchison  connection    at 
Arkansas  City,  affords  a  direct  comnuinication 
with   Guthrie   and  Oklahoma,   the   two   largest 
cities  in  theexceptionallyprosperousand thriving 
Territory,  concerning  whose  marvelous  growth 
figures  have  been  already  quoted.     The  'Frisco 
mileage  alone  covers  1,."jOO  miles,  mainly  through 
the  States  of  Missouri,  Kansas,  Arkansas,  Texas 
and  the  Indian  Territory.      It  affords  rapid  and 
convenient  connection  between  St.  Louis  and 
all  parts  of  central  and  Southwestern  Missouri, 
and    it    also   sends   out   from    St.    Louis    daily 
through  sleeping  cars  to  the  City  of  Mexico  and 
to  California.       The  quantity  of  freight  shipped 
into  vSl.  Ivouis  In- the  'Frisco  was  .^).')1,(HH)  tons 
in  l.S'.i2,  as  compared  with  4.S(;,0()0  in  LSUL  and 
437,000  in  ISIH).      During  the  same  three  years 
the  shipments   from  St.    Louis  increased   from 
ol7,000  tons  to  409,000  tons.     The  immense 
quantity  of  raw  material,  lead  and  zinc,  oil  and 
similar  products,   accounts  for  the  fact  that  in 
four    years    the    shipments    into    St.  Louis    in- 
crea.sed  fully  sixty  per  cent. 

The  Chicago  &  Alton 
Railroad  is  a  line  very  pop- 
ular locally.  It  has  only  8.")0 
miles  of  track,  but  every  mile  is  a  good  one, 
and  the  connections  with  Chicago  and  Kansas 


THE  CHICAGO  AND 
ALTON. 


RAILROAD  AXD   RIl'ER   FACILITIES. 


57 


THB  "  BVRUNGTON 
ROUTE." 


City  are  a  source  of  great  profit  to  St.  Louis 
couimerce,  as  tlie  territory  through  which  the 
road  passes  is  ricli  in  the  extreme  and  an  ever- 
increasing  source  of  trade.  During  the  last  two 
or  three  \ears  it  has  made  vast  improvements  in 
its  train  service,  and  tlie  admirable  condition  in 
which  its  ballasted  track  is  kept  is  a  source  of 
general  pride  to  all  connected  with  the  road.  It 
hauls  in  immense  quantities  of  coal  and  of  grain, 
stock  and  fruit  products,  and  it  also  affords  ad- 
mirable connection  with  Wisconsin  and  Michi- 
gan and  se\-eral  Eastern  States.  A  great 
portion  of  its  road  has  been  double-tracked 
recently,  and  the  road  is  in  a  condition  of  great 
prosj^erity.  In  18SI2  it  hauled  into  the  city 
12(i,()()0  tons  of  freight,  as  compared  with  102, (>()() 
tons  four  years  ago.  During  the  same  year, 
ISili',  it  distributed  10;5,()00  tons  of  St.  Louis 
merchandise,  as  compared  with  ill,(HK)  tons  in 
1889. 

The  "  Burlington,"  or 
the  "  Q,"  is  becoming 
more  and  more  a  St.  Louis 
road.  Its  management  has  of  late  years  been 
thorouglily  impressed  with  the  importance  of 
St.  Louis  as  a  shipping  point,  and  the  invest- 
ments that  have  been  made  with  a  view  to 
increasing  connections  with  the  city  have  run 
into  the  millions.  This  route  by  its  own 
rails  affords  connection  with  the  best  parts 
of  Illinois  and  Missouri,  Iowa,  ^Minnesota,  Ne- 
braska, Kansas,  vSouth  Dakota,  Wyoming  and 
Colorado.  In  addition  to  this,  it  reaches  bv 
track  of  its  own  nearly  e\-ery  iniiwrtaut  busi- 
ness center  between  St.  Louis  and  the  Rocky 
mountains  and  Lake  Michigan.  Including  the 
vSt.  Louis,  Keokuk  iS:  Western,  the  quantil\- 
of  freight  hauled  into  the  city  in  l'Sil2  was 
ncarh'  1  ,(•()(), 01)0  tons.  In  its  shi]inients  out  of 
St. Lonis  the  total  tonnage  reached  70(),00(l,  an 
increase  from  l.">."),00()  four  years  ago,  showing 
how  ininKiisi.l\'  the  distributing  business  has  in- 
creased. The  management  of  this  road  has 
chafed  for  years  under  what  it  cousitlercd  its  in- 
adequate terminal  facilities  at  St.  Louis.  Its 
East  St.  Louis  freight  terminal  was  extensive, 
but  not  sufficient   to  answer  its  jjurjwse,  and  at 


a  heavy  outlay  a  site  was  secured  on  this  side 
of  the  river  for  a  freight  house.  It  has  erected 
and  is  now  operating  on  this  property  one  of  the 
most  convenient  freight  houses  in  the  w'orld. 
This  has  a  frontage  on  Franklin  avenue  of  140 
feet,  and  the  brick  building,  which  is  four 
stories  high,  runs  back  38  feet.  The  freight 
shed  is  770  feet  in  length,  and  there  is  thus 
space,  under  cover,  for  five  tracks,  each  capa- 
ble of  accommodating  twenty  cars.  In  other 
words,  a  hundred  cars  of  merchandise  can  be 
handled  under  cover;  a  most  important  condition 
in  bad  weather,  especially  with  perishable 
freight.  Adjoining,  there  is  accommodation  for 
about  ir)0  cars  on  team  tracks.  This  road  is 
also  connecting  itself  with  St.  Louis  by  means 
of  a  road  on  this  side  of  the  ri\er  running 
north,  crossing  the  Missouri  river  at  Alton  over 
bridges,  to  which  reference  will  be  made  later. 
When  this  new  track  is  opened  an  immense 
\-olume  of  business  will  be  diverted  to  and 
through  St.  Louis,  and  the  present  freight  re- 
turns will  soon  be  made  to  look  insignificant. 

The    Cleveland,  Cincinnati   & 
Chicago    Railway,  known    both 


THE 
'Bia  FOUR. 


as  the  "Three  C.'s"  and  the 
"Big  Four,"  crosses  the  States  of  Illinois,  In- 
diana and  Ohio.  The  "Big  Four"  system 
has  recently  accpiircd  control  of  the  Cincin- 
nati, Sandusk\-  &  Cleveland  R.  R.,  Cincinnati, 
Wabash  &  Michigan  Ry.  and  Whitewater 
R.  R.  The  consolidation  of  the  numerous 
independent  lines  of  which  this  system  is 
now  composed  has  been  a  matter  of  much 
benefit  lo  St.  Louis,  resulting  as  it  has  in 
large  improvements  in  transporting  facilities. 
The  effect  has  been  shown  in  the  traffic  re- 
turns. The  road  is  now  hauling  into  the  city 
more  than  half  a  million  tons  of  merchandise 
every  year,  and  distributing  St.  Louis  products 
weighing  ujiwards  of  300,000  tons  per  annum. 
It  hauls  into  the  city  e\ery  year  about  ."),000,- 
ooo  bushels  of  coal,  and  in  many  other 
ways  contributes  towards  the  citv's  pros]ieril\- 
and  growth. 

The  Jacksonville  Southeastern  Railroad  ( the 
"J.  S.  It).")  is  a  smaller  line,  which,  howe\er, 


58 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


THE  LOUISVILLE 

AND 

NASHVILLE. 


is  quite  important  to  the  city.  Its  career  has  not 
been  an  entirely  fortunate  one,  and  during  the 
current  }ear  a  receiver  was  appointed  to  protect 
certain  interests.  This  was  not  in  consequence 
of  any  lack  of  patronage,  as  its  freight  ship- 
ments increased  o\er  100,000  tons  in  1<S!*2.  The 
road  is  entitled  to  the  thanks  of  the  city  for  the 
early  enterprise  it  displayed  in  establishing  ter- 
minals on  this  side  of  the  river,  and  in  the  early 
future  the  road  will  acquire  a  prosperity  to 
which  it  is  at  present  a  stranger. 

The  Louisville  &  Nash- 
ville Railroad  is  of  far 
greater  importance  than  its 
name  would  indicate.  It 
connects  St.  Louis  with  the  Southern  and  South- 
eastern sections,  and  it  operates  considerably 
more  than  three  thousand  miles  of  track  in  the 
very  best  regions  of  the  New  South.  In  addition 
to  yet}'  valuable  connections  in  Illinois  and 
Indiana,  the  L.  &  N.  connects  with  all  the 
leading  centers  of  Kentucky,  Tennessee  and 
Alabama,  and  also  runs  into  the  States  of  Flor- 
ida, Mississippi,  Louisiana  and  \'irginia.  In 
addition  to  its  St.  Louis  terminus  it  has  termini 
at  Memphis,  Mobile,  Pensacola,  New  Orleans 
and  other  points;  and  among  the  commercial 
centers  of  the  South  through  which  it  runs  are 
Nashville  and  Birmingham.  From  St.  Louis 
the  L.  &  N.  runs  through  the  exceptionally  fer- 
tile region  of  Southern  Illinois  and  Indiana, 
crossing  the  Ohio  river  at  Henderson,  Ken- 
tucky, the  Cumberland  river  at  Clarksville,  and 
reaching  the  Mississippi  again  at  Memphis.  At 
Nashville  the  main  line  from  St.  Louis  connects 
with  the  Louisville  and  Cincinnati  line  and  runs 
on  to  Birmingham,  Montgomery,  Mobile,  New 
Orleans  and  Pensacola.  The  new  work  of  the 
L.  &  N.,  in  the  way  of  railroad  building,  has 
been  mainly  in  Southwest  Kentucky,  Tennessee 
and  \'irgiuia  during  the  last  few  years.  The 
road  is  a  most  valuable  one  for  the  exportation 
of  St.  Louis  products  to  the  Spanish- American 
countries,  and  it  is  a  great  favorite  with  export- 
ers. Last  year  it  shipped  from  St.  Louis  nearly 
269,000  tons  of  freight  as  compared  with  207,000 
tons  the  preceding  year,  and  it   also   brought 


THE  -'AIR  LINE  "  AND 
THE  /».  K.  &  T. 


into  the  city  .').">(!, 000  tons,  an  increase  of  ncarlv 
200,000  tons  in  two  years.  It  is  also  interest- 
ing to  note  that  it  hauled  into  the  city  about 
7,000,000  bushels  of  coal  in  1S!I2  as  compared 
with  about  4,000,000  in  l.s'.io.  The  L.  ^:  N.  is 
another  of  the  roads  which  has  appreciated  the 
necessity  of  terminal  facilities  on  the  west  side 
of  the  Mississippi  river.  Having  acquired  a 
block  of  property  bounded  by  Broadway,  Cass 
avenue,  Dickson  and  Collins  streets,  it]3roceeded, 
toward  the  end  of  the  year  ISiU,  to  construct  a 
two-story  freight  house  measuring  5()Sxr)0  feet. 
The  first  floor  has  forty-two  doors  available  for 
the  receipt  and  delivery  of  team  freight,  and 
the  adjoining  team  tracks  afford  e\-ery  facilit\- 
for  business.  The  second  siovy  runs  the  entire 
length  of  the  structure  and  is  designed  for  the 
warehousing  of  freight. 

The  "Air  Line,"  as  the 
Louisville,  Evansville  & 
St.  Louis  Consolidated 
Railway  Company  is  .generally  called,  connects 
St.  Louis  with  Louisville,  running  through  a 
\cry  important  and  prosperous  section  of  South- 
ern Illinois  and  Indiana.  It  has  hauled  into 
St.  Louis  an  immense  quantity  of  merchandise 
and  raw  material,  the  tonnage  having  grown 
from  2(iO,000  in  LSSi*  to  4(i(!,000  in  1X92.  It 
has  done  less  work  in  way  of  distribution  of 
manufactured  product.  In  bssy  it  distributed 
less  than  10,000  tons  of  St.  Louis-manufactured 
goods.  Since  then  the  export  business  has  in- 
creased ten-fold,  but  it  has  not  \et  acquired 
very  large  proportions.  During  l!^92  it  hauled 
into  the  city  nearly  10,000,000  bushels  of  coal. 
The  ^Missouri,  Kansas  &  Texas  Railway  is  of 
greater  interest  to  St.  Louis  on  account  of  fut- 
ure prospects  than  actual  developments.  Within 
a  comparatively  short  space  of  time  the  track 
connecting  this  system  to  St.  Louis  will  be  com- 
pleted, bringing  the  enormous  mileage  of  this 
system  more  directly  within  reach  of  the  city's 
manufactures  and  staples.  The  principal  offices 
of  the  company  are  already  situated  in  St.  Louis, 
a  recognition  of  the  fact  that  the  States  of  Mis- 
souri, Kansas  and  Texas,  from  which  the  road 
takes  its  name,  and  from  which  it  runs,  are  dis- 


RAILROAD  AND  RH'JiR  FACILITIES. 


59 


tinctly  ,St.  Louis  territory.  Tlie  j^rcatcst  mile- 
age of  til  is  road  is  in  Texas,  where  it  exceeds 
800  miles.  It  has  also  375  miles  in  Kansas,  iJOO 
miles  in  Missouri,  and  240  miles  in  the  Indian 
Territory.  The  completion  of  the  track  to  St. 
Ivouis  with  independent  terminals  \\\\\  make 
this  the  terminal  city  of  a  road  which  canuot 
fail  in  the  early  future  to  play  an  immense  part 
in  the  destinies  of  St.  Ivouis  connnerce. 
IHE  BALTIMORE  '^^'^  Baltimore  &  Ohio  Rail- 
^»rrv  m^,^  road,  which  inchides  the  Oliio 

&  ^Mississippi,  has  become 
more  distinctly  a  St.  Louis  road  during  the  pres- 
ent year  by  the  removal  here  of  the  offices  of 
the  company  which  were  formerly  situated  at 
Cincinnati.  In  November,  1893,  the  offices  were 
finally  removed  to  the  Rialto  building,  where 
the  general  passenger  and  general  freight  agents 
and  managers  took  up  their  headquarters.  The 
change  was  another  admission  on  tlie  part  of 
experts  of  the  standing  of  St.  Louis  as  a  railroad 
center,  and  the  influence  will  be  great  on  the 
policy  of  the  road.  The  Baltimore  &  Ohio 
Southwestern  Railroad  by  its  absorption  of  the 
Ohio  &  Mississippi  has  a  mileage  of  930  miles, 
extending  from  St.  Louis  to  Parkersburgh,  West 
\'irgiiiia.  The  old  Ohio  &  Mississippi  proper 
extends  from  St.  Louis  to  Cincinnati,  a  distance 
of  3-10  miles,  with  several  branches  which  con- 
nect the  city  with  various  Illinois,  Indiana 
and  Kentucky  ])(>iuts.  The  consolidation  gives 
St.  Louis  another  direct  route  to  the  Atlantic 
sea-board,  and  will  result  at  an  early  date  in 
great])-  increased  railroad  facilities  between  this 
city  and  New  York.  It  is  too  early  to  estimate 
what  the  influence  will  be  on  the  shipping  re- 
turns. The  Ohio  &  Mississippi  hauled  in  nearly 
700,000  tons  of  freight  in  1^92,  including 
12, 1)80, 000  bushels  of  coal.  It  took  from  the 
city  nearly  1 70, <>(){)  tons  of  merchandise  as  com- 
pared with  13(1, (MM)  tons  in  l.SiK). 

It  cannot  be  said  too  fre- 
quently that  the  history  of 
the    Missouri    Pacific    Rail- 
w;!\-    IS    the    history  ot    tlie 
developmeiit  of  modern   vSl.  Louis.      This  chap- 
ter, dealing  as  it  does  with  the  present  rather 


THE 
MISSOURI  PACIFIC 


than  with  the  past,  is  not  the  place  to  trace  that 
history  in  all  its  details.  We  have  seen  how 
Mayor  Darby  lent  impetus  and  weight  to  the 
railroad  agitation  nearly  sixty  years  ago,  and 
how  Mr.  Thomas  Allen  in  1849  drew  an  imagi- 
nary picture  of  the  road  then  contemplated, which 
he  Ijclieved  would  pay  as  a  line  connecting  St. 
Louis  and  Jefferson  City.  In  June,  18r)3,  the 
first  section  of  the  railroad,  extending  to  Frank- 
lin, was  opened,  and  in  is.').")  Jefferson  City  was 
reached. 

How  insignificant  do  these  little  details 
seem  compared  with  the  events  of  to-day,  when 
the  ]\Iissouri  Pacific  and  its  connections  inter- 
sect the  best  sections  of.  the  St.  Louis  territory! 
The  Iron  Mountain  road  was  chartered  some- 
what later,  and  in  IS.'iS  the  road  was  opened  as 
far  as  Pilot  Knob.  In  1872  the  road  reached 
the  Arkansas  boundary,  and  since  then  its  ex- 
tensions have  been  numerous.  A  glance  at  the 
map  now  shows  that  the  Missouri  Pacific  owned, 
leased  and  operated  lines  connect  a  greater  por- 
tion of  the  State  of  Missouri  with  St.  Louis, 
bring  astill  largcrportion  of  Kansas  in  touch  with 
the  city,  and  also  provide  excellent  facilities  for 
Nebraska,  Colorado,  Arkansas,  Louisiana  and 
other  States.  St.  Louis  is  the  great  terminus  of 
this  might}-  system,  and  the  work  it  does  is 
best  shown  by  the  following  figures,  which  have 
been  extracted  from  the  annual  reports  of  recent 
years: 

In  188.")  the  roads  in  this  system  hauled  into 
St.  Louis  about  1, ;>()(), 000  tons  out  of  a  total  of 
7,497,0!i;'.  tons  by  all  roads.  In  1889  it  brought 
in  rather  more  than  1,800,000  tons;  in  1892  the 
total  tonnage  by  the  Missouri  Pacific  system  ex- 
ceeded 2,2.")0,0O0  tons,  or  more  than  twenty  per 
cent  of  the  entire  receipts  from  all  sources.  Last 
year  again  it  distrilinted  no  less  than  1,2(>(>,000 
tons  of  St.  Louis  merchandise  throughout  tlie 
St.  Louis  territory,  tliis  being  again  about 
twenty  per  cent  of  tiie  total.  With  these  figures 
before  him  the  reader  will  not  think  Tr.iffic 
Commissioner  Osgooil's  eulogy  of  tliis  road  over- 
drawn. "This  great  system,"  he  said,  in  his 
annua!  report  for  the  year  1^*91,  "yearly  lie- 
comes  more  and  more  a  factor  in  the  coiiihr  icial 


60 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


proofress  of  tliis  citv.  It  has  ever  been  anuiiiL;; 
the  first  to  extend  its  lines  into  new  territt)ry, 
thus  constantly  openinjj  np  to  the  connnerce  of 
St.  Louis,  the  pivotal  point  of  the  entire  system, 
and,  therefore,  the  point  with  which  its  vast 
interests  are  chiefly  identified,  new  fields  of  agri- 
cultnre,  mining,  timber  and  stock-raising,  bring- 
ing the  rich  prodncts  of  the  entire  West  and 
Sontliwest  directly  nnder  contribntion  to  her 
trade.  The  significance  of  the  situation  can  be 
in  a  measure  appreciated  when  it  is  stated  that 
its  lines  traverse  5,300  miles  of  productive  ter- 
ritory. It  will  be  better  tinderstood  when  it  is 
seen  that  by  its  rails  St.  Louis  is  given  direct 
connection  with  the  commercial  centers  and  rich 
farms  of  Missouri;  the  broad  corn  and  wheat 
fields  and  prosperous  communities  of  Kansas; 
the  fertile  river  valleys  and  trade  centers  of  the 
richest  districts  of  Nebraska;  the  mineral  regions 
and  chief  cities  of  Colorado;  the  agricultural, 
fruit,  mineral  and  timber  lands  of  Arkansas; 
the  rapidly  increasing  populations  of  the  pro- 
ductive Indian  Territory  (which  at  no  far  dis- 
tant day  is  to  become  equal  in  prosperity  with 
any  of  the  States  on  its  borders) ;  the  sugar  plan- 
tations of  Louisiana,  and  the  cotton  and  grain 
fields  and  vast  cattle  ranges  of  Texas.  Through 
its  connections  it  reaches  to  every  other  principal 
part  of  the  West  and  South  west,  including  the  Pa- 
cific slope  and  Mexico.  Its  through  passenger 
service  to  all  these  districts  isadjusted  with  special 
reference  to  the  requirements  of  the  St.  Louis 
traveler;  and  as  this  is  the  gateway  to  the  entire 
system,  St.  Louis  becomes  the  point  upon  which 
the  travel  from  the  East  destined  to  these  districts 
naturally  converges.  During  the  year  IHSU 
over  200  miles  of  new  road  were  constructed  and 
added  to  the  system,  perhaps  the  most  impor- 
tant portion  being  the  Houston,  Central  Ar- 
kansas and  Northern  line,  which  will  be  in 
operation  to  Alexandria,  Louisiana,  its  junction 
with  the  Texas  and  Pacific  Railway,  as  soon  as 
the  magnificent  bridge  by  means  of  which  it 
will  cross  the  Red  river  at  that  point  is  com- 
pleted. This  will  give  St.  Louis  immediate  di- 
rect connection  with  New  Orleans  and  the  Gulf. 
St.  Louis  is  the  headquarters  for  the  official  staff 


of  the  company,  and  is  the  point  from  which  all 
its  operations  are  directed." 

The  Mobile  &  Ohio 
Railway  is  an  important 


THREE  VALUABLE 
SOUTHER \  ROADS. 


trunk  line  connecting  St. 
Louis  with  the  South.  It  runs  through  the  States 
of  Illinois,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  IMississippi  and 
Alabama,  having  its  southern  terminus  at  the 
port  of  ^lobile,  <)44-  miles  from  St.  Louis.  Its 
trains  haul  into  St.  Louis  immense  quan- 
tities of  cotton,  lumber,  \egetables  and  fruit,  in 
addition  to  about  4,000,000  bushels  of  coal  every 
year.  It  has  freight  headquarters  in  St.  Louis, 
in  a  building  erected  and  owned  by  it  for  the 
purpose.  The  very  best  sections  of  what  is  now 
called  the  New  South  are  tra\-ersed  ])v  tlie  Mo- 
bile &  Ohio  and  its  branches,  and  its  influence 
on  the  commerce  of  the  city  is  marked.  It 
brings  in  nearly  700, 00(1  tons  of  merchandise 
every  year,  and  takes  away  immense  quantities 
of  manufactured  goods.  A  very  large  percent- 
age of  the  Spanish-American  trade  is  transacted 
over  this  road.  From  its  southern  terminus 
there  are  regular  steamship  lines  to  Tampa,  Key 
West,  Havana,  Tampico,  and  other  points,  in 
addition  to  a  steamship  service  to  both  New 
York  and  European  ports. 

The  "Cairo  Short  Line,"  or,  more  properly,  the 
St.  Louis,  Alton  &  Terre  Haute  Railway,  oper- 
ates nearly  250  miles  of  road  through  a  territory' 
which  is  tributary  to  St.  Louis  in  every  respect. 
It  crosses  the  Southern  Illinois  coal  fields,  and 
hauls  in  12,000,000  or  i;;,000,000  bushels  of 
coal  every  }-ear.  It  connects  with  the  Illinois 
Central,  and  gives  a  direct  route  between  St. 
Louis  and  Memphis  and  the  most  important 
points  in  the  Southern  Mississippi  Valley.  Dur- 
ing the  last  two  or  three  years  it  has  inaugu- 
rated a  number  of  improvements,  which  have 
shortened  the  distance  between  St.  Louis  and  a 
large  number  of  important  points.  The  com- 
pany also  operates  a  line  between  St.  Louis  and 
Paducah,  Kentucky,  connecting  with  diverging 
lines,  also  with  boats  on  the  Ohio,  Tennessee 
and  Cumberland  rivers.  The  recent  completion 
of  the  Paducah,  Tennessee  &  Alabama  R.  R., 
built  by  St.  Louis  capitalists,  from  Paducah  to 


RAILROAD  AND  RIVER  FACILITIES. 


61 


Hollow  Rock,  Tennessee,  has  opened  np  a  new 
territory  to  this  market,  and  through  a  connec- 
tion with  the  N.,  C.  &  St.  L.  Ry.  at  Hollow 
Rock,  Tennessee,  has  formed  a  new  short  route 
to  the  Southeast.  The  policy  of  the  manasi^e- 
ment  of  tliis  line  is  liberal,  and  it  has  at  all  times 
been  found  to  be  alive  to  the  interests  of  the 
trade  and  commerce  of  St.  Louis.  The  head- 
quarters of  the  company  are  located  here,  and 
the  local  facilities  have  been  lart^ely  improved 
by  the  erection  of  a  new  freight  warehouse,  and 
otherwise. 

The  St.  Louis  Southwestern  Railway,  for- 
merly known  as  the  St.  Louis,  Arkansas  & 
Te.xas,  but  almost  invariably  described  as  the 
"Cotton  Belt,"  is  a  St.  Louis  line,  with  its 
headquarters  in  this  city,  where  its  princi])al 
officers  reside.  The  1, :?(•()  miles  of  its  track  are 
of  immense  value  to  St.  Louis,  for  they  bring 
within  easy  access  of  the  city  a  large  number 
of  important  towns  and  a  vast  area  of  territory 
tributary  in  every  respect  to  St.  Louis.  The 
mileage  of  the  main  .system  is  580  in  i\Iissouri 
and  Arkansas,  40  in  Louisiana,  and  <ilO  in 
Texas.  But  by  the  number  of  its  important 
connections  its  importance  to  St.  Louis  is  largely 
enhanced.  Its  own  rails  reach  a  group  of  the 
most  popular  and  progressive  cities  of  the  South- 
west, viz.:  Little  Rock,  Pine  Bluff  and  Camden, 
Arkansas;  Texarkana;  Shrc\X'port,  Louisiana; 
I'\)rt  Wcirth,  Waco,  Tvler,  Corsicana,  Green- 
ville and  Sherman,  Texas.  Lumber,  cotton  and 
live  stock  are  the  items  of  freight  it  contributes 
most  largely  to  the  St.  Louis  market,  in  ad- 
diliou  to  all  tlie  oilier  products  of  agricultural 
sections  it  tra\'erses. 

The  Vandalia,  or  the 
Terre  Haute  &  Indianapolis 
Railroad,  is  another  of  the 
very  extensive  systems  con- 
necting St.  Louis  with  the  eastern  roads.  Run- 
ning between  St.  Louis  and  hidianapolis,  it  there 
connects  with  the  great  Pennsylvania  system. 
It  has  also  connections  between  St.  Joseph, 
Michigan,  and  Terre  Haute,  Indiana,  and  thus 
becomes  valuable  to  St.  Louis  connnerce  in  a 
variety    of     wa)-s.       This    road    also    handles 


TO  THE  ATLAS'TIC 

ASD 

THE  LAKES. 


St.  Louis  freight  destined  for  the  Erie  system, 
and  its  business  has  become  so  great  of  late  years 
that  during  1891  and  1892  it  found  it  necessary 
to  build  and  open  a  large  freight  depot  on  this 
side  of  the  river  between  O'I'allon  street  and 
Cass  avenue.  The  Vandalia  hauls  into  St.  Louis 
every  year  11,000,000  or  12,000,000  bushels  of 
coal,  and  its  general  freight  business  is  also 
very  large. 

The  Toledo,  St.  Lonis  &  Kansas  City  Rail- 
way, known  as  the  "Clover  Leaf,"  forms  an 
important  factor  in  the  St.  Louis  railroad  sys- 
tem. It  runs  a  di.stanceof  4')0  miles  to  Toledo, 
Ohio,  also  operating  over  2.')0  miles  of  water  lines 
between  Toledo  and  Buffalo.  This  road  con- 
nects St.  Louis  directly  with  Buffalo,  Toledo, 
Belfast,  Decatur,  Marian,  Kokomo,  Frankfort, 
and  many  other  important  towns,  besides  pass- 
ing through  a  very  large  area  in  which  com- 
merce and  manufacture  are  both  well  repre- 
sented. Since  the  gauge  of  this  road  has  been 
changed  from  narrow  to  standard,  its  impor- 
tance has  largely  increased,  and  it  has  improved 
its  St.  Louis  connection  by  constructing  a  very 
useful  freight  depot  on  the  west  side  of  the  river 
between  Broadway  and  Second  street,  at  the 
intersection  of  Brooklyn.  A  great  increase  in 
business  has  resulted  from  this  enterprise,  and 
the  popularity  of  the  road  in  St.  Louis  is  very 
great. 

The  la.st  of  the  St.  Louis 
roads  which  will  be  men- 
tioned specifically  is  the 
Wabash,  which  connects  St.  Louis  with  twenty- 
one  cities,  each  of  a  population  more  than 
10,000,  and  a  total  population  of  2,.')00,0()0. 
The  Wabash  Kastern  and  the  Wabash  Western, 
which  are  now  combined  under  one  manage- 
ment, have  7;il  miles  in  Illinois,  ."»00  in  Mis- 
souri, nearly  400  in  Indiana,  125  in  Iowa,  105 
in  Ohio,  and  80  in  Michigan,  figures  which 
show  very  plainly  the  innnense  value  of  the 
svstem  to  St.  Louis.  Every  day  it  starts  through 
sleeping  cars  from  the  Mississippi  to  the  princi- 
jial  cities  on  the  .\tlantic  .sea-board  and  Canada; 
to  the  princiixil  cities  on  the  shores  of  the 
northern   lakes;    to  Chicago,   St.  Paul,   Minue- 


THE    WABASH 
SYSTEM. 


OLD  AND  NI-IW  ST.  J.OUIS. 


apolis,  Des  Moines,  and  Den\'er,  to  say  notliin.y; 
of  tlie  liumlrfcLs  of  inter\'fniiii;  ])c)ints.  Tlie 
throu.s^li  freii^ht  ser\-ice  is  nniqne  in  its  com- 
pleteness; so  mnch  so  that  its  cars  lirint;^  into 
the  city  e\'ery  year  nearl)'  l,(IUO,lli)()  tons  of 
freight,  distributing  more  than  r)UU,0()0  tons 
of  merchandise.  It  brings  from  the  Illi- 
nois coal  fields  over  7,00(1, 000  bushels  of  coal 
yearly,  and  the  returns  from  all  sources  are  con- 
tinually increasing.  This  is  strictly  a  St.  Louis 
road,  with  headquarters  in  the  city.  It  has 
within  the  last  two  or  three  years  greatly  in- 
creased its  freight  terminal  facilities  on  this  side 
of  the  river.  The  old  switching  yard  on  North 
Market  street  has  been  changed  into  a  large 
loading  and  unloading  yard,  and  an  outside  >'ard, 
with  a  capacity  of  a  thousand  cars,  has  been 
established  just  east  of  Bellefontaine  cemetery. 
This  road  has  excellent  terminal  facilities  and 
entrances  to  the  city,  and  thus  is  able  to  haul 
unlimited  quantities  of  merchandise  without 
difficulty. 

One  of   the  most  signifi- 
cant tributes  paid    to   New 


THB  EADS  BRIDGE 
A,\D  TERMINALS. 


St.  Louis  since  it  emerged 
from  comparative  dullness,  has  been  in  the  in- 
creased terminal  facilities  pro\-ided  by  the  rail- 
roads centering  in  the  city  and  by  the  large 
increase  in  the  number  of  roads  having  freight 
depots  on  this  side  of  the  river.  As  far  as  possible 
controversial  subjects  are  avoided  in  this  work, 
but  it  is  impossible  to  overlook  the  fact  that  the 
bridge  and  terminal  monopoly  which  prevailed 
for  ten  or  fifteen  years  was  prejudicial  to  the 
city's  commercial  growth.  It  seems  ungener- 
ous to  state  this  in  plain  words  and  without  an 
explanation,  for  it  is  obvious  that,  although  this 
monopoly  retarded  progress  and  enterprise,  the 
facilities  provided  by  the  Eads  bridge  have  been 
worth,  and  are  still  worth,  countless  millions  to 
the  city.  This  bridge  is  one  of  the  great  things 
familiarity  with  which  has  bred,  if  not  contempt, 
at  least  neglect  of  appreciation.  Its  construc- 
tion was  a  work  of  enterprise  of  the  most 
noble  character,  and  the  bridge  itself  is  one  of 
the  finest  in  the  Avorld.  The  bridge  was  built 
on  solid  rock,  and  it  is  an  invulnerable  fortress, 


capable  of  bearing  almost  any  weight  and  with- 
standing the  force  of  any  flood.  It  consists  of 
three  graceful  arches  of  steel,  each  520  feet  in 
length.  Huge  piles  of  masonry  rest  on  solid 
rock,  and  the  piers  are  between  91  and  127  feet 
below  high-water  mark.  The  masonry  in  this 
bridge  measured  ()!»,000  cubic  yards;  the  iron 
used  weighed  (5,;SOO,000  pounds,  and  the  steel 
arches  came  within  two-thirds  of  that  weight. 
The  bridge  is  two-stories  high,  the  first  story 
being  used  by  railroads,  and  the  upper  story 
forming  a  splendid  highway  for  vehicles  between 
St.  Louis  and  East  St.  Louis,  and  the  States  of 
Missouri  and  Illinois.  Something  not  contem- 
jilated  by  the  designers  has  lately  been  added, 
and  an  electric  road  now  affords  additional  facil- 
ities of  communication  between  St.  Louis  and 
its  thriving  suburb  on  the  east  side  of  the  river. 
The  bridge  is  2,225  feet  long  between  its  abut- 
ments, and  its  clearance  above  the  St.  Louis 
directrix  is  5.5  feet.  It  took  seven  )-ears  to  con- 
struct and  was  finally  finished  in  1874.  In  the 
same  A-ear  the  tunnel  was  constructed  connect- 
ing the  eastern  approach  at  the  foot  of  Wash- 
ington avenue  with  the  Mill  Creek  \"'alley,  and 
a  union  passenger  depot  was  established. 

We  ha\e  said  that  nuich  as  the  management 
of  this  bridge  has  been  criticised  from  time  to 
time,  the  value  of  the  bridge  to  the  city's  com- 
merce has  been  enormous.  Tlie  unfortiniate  feat- 
ure was  the  terminating  of  the  roads  from  the 
East  on  the  east  side  of  the  river.  Freight  from 
the  East  was  billed  for  }'ears  to  East  St.  Louis  and 
brought  o\'er  the  ri\er  by  the  company  owning 
the  bridge  and  terminal  facilities.  In  addition 
to  the  sentimental  objection  to  a  city  of  the 
first  class  being  ignored  in  bills  of  lading  and 
receiving  from  the  East  second-hand  through  a 
comparatively  small  city,  the  commerce  of  the 
city  was  handicapped  by  the  additional  charges, 
and  as  New  St.  Louis  gained  strength  and  form 
the  clamor  for  additional  bridge  facilities  to  de- 
stroy the  monopoly  became  very  strong.  In 
188(;  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  which  had  been 
giving  the  matter  attention  for  years,  brought 
the  agitation  to  a  focus,  and  a  committee  was 
formed,  consisting  of  Messrs.  S.  W.  Cobb,  C.  C. 


RAILROAD  AND  RIVER  FACILITIES. 


63 


Rainwater,  John  R.  Holmes,  Jolni  Wliiltaker, 
D.  R.  Francis,  John  D.  Perry  and  John  M.  Gil- 
keson.  This  committee  succeeded  in  obtaining 
a  charter  from  Congress,  which  was  approved 
In'  President  Cie\'eland  in  I'chruar\-,  LSST.  In 
Jnne  of  the  same  year  tlie  necessary  franchise 
for  terminals  was  obtained  from  the  city  of 
St.  Louis,  and  general  rejoicing  at  the  certainty 
of  early  emancipation  from  the  difficulties  com- 
plained of  were  the  result.  On  A])ril  24,  ISSij^ 
Messrs.  S.  W.  Cobb,  John  R.  Holmes,  John  \\. 
Gilkeson  and  C.  C.  Rainwater  filed  the  neces- 
sary application  with  the  Secretary  of  State  for 
the  incorporation  of  St.  Ivouis  Merchants'  Bridge 
Company,  and  on  April  2(ith  the  company's 
subscription  books  were  opened. 

The  act  of  Congress  al- 
THE  SECOND  BRIDGE  ,  ,  ,  , 

readv  referred  to  author- 

ACROSS  ■       ^\^  .        ,  r 

ized    the   construction  of 

THE  MISSISSIPPI.  ...  J    J   <.!     ^ 

the  bridge  provided  that 

no  bridge  should  be  constructed  across  the  Mis- 
sissijjpi  river  within  two  miles  above  or  below 
the  Eads  bridge,  and  as  the  result  of  this  restric- 
tion, which  in  many  ways  has  pro\'ed  ad\an- 
tageous  to  the  city,  the  new  bridge  was  planned 
in  the  northern  manufacturing  section.  A  bridge 
without  terminals  would  be  of  little  value,  and 
hence  the  application  to  the  municipal  author- 
ities for  franchise  for  terminal  tracks;  the  rights 
were  freel\'  gi\-en,  and  ha\e  since  been  extended, 
with  a  result  that  the  company  has  been  able  to 
complete  the  system  of  very  admirable  termi- 
nals. The  St.  Louis  Merchants'  Bridge  Termi- 
nal Railway  Company  was  formally  established 
ill  August,  1SS7.  The  length  of  the  railroad 
was  sjK'cifu-d  in  the  charter  as  fourteen  miles, 
and  the  life  of  the  corporation  was  fixed  at  fifl\- 
years.  Work  was  commenced  on  the  bridge 
early  in  issii,  and  was  completed  the  same 
year,  the  bridge  being  opened  for  traffic  in  l^iWO. 
It  is  a  handsome  light  structure  of  immense 
strength.  The  piers  rest  on  hard  limestone 
rock  which  was  le\eled  for  the  ])urposc  and  thor- 
oughly cleaned  of  all  new  shale,  clay  and  sand. 
The  caissons  were  solidly  packed  with  concrete, 
and  limestone  from  Bedford,  Indiana,  was  used 
to  within  three  feet  of  the  low-water  line;  above 


this  level  to  the  high-water  line  Missouri  granite 
is  used,  and  above  this,  Bedford  limestone.  The 
dimension  stone  was  laid  in  Portland  cement 
mortar,  and  the  backing  in  Louisville  cement. 
Ill  order  to  make  a  less  abrupt  break  in  the  grade 
between  the  level  grade  of  the  bridge  and  that 
of  the  approaches,  the  two  river  piers  were 
raised  so  that  the  clear  height  in  the  center  of 
the  central  span  is  fifty-two  feet  above  high 
water,  instead  of  fifty  feet  as  required  by  the  act 
of  Congress,  and  the  height  at  the  end  of  the 
shore  spans  is  about  four  inches  less.  This  gives 
a  much  better  bridge  from  a  navigation  stand- 
point than  the  law  contemplated. 

Oil  the  west  end  of  the  bridge  the  approach 
crosses  Ferry  street  twice.  The  crossing  near- 
est the  bridge  is  made  by  a  viaduct  resting  on 
c\liuder  piers;  the  crossing  furthest  from  the 
bridge  is  a  deck  span  12.5  feet  long  resting  on 
masonry  piers.  There  is  one  other  street  over- 
head crossing  which  is  made  by  Inasoury  abut- 
ments and  steel  girders.  The  intermediate 
space  between  the  structures  are  either  solid 
earthwork  or  a  substantial  timber  trestle.  On 
the  east  end  of  the  bridge,  between  the  42.')-foot 
length  of  permanent  structure  and  the  over- 
head crossing  at  the  Chicago  &  Alton,  Bee  Line 
and  Wabash  railroads,  and  east  of  this  last 
named  structure  to  the  earth  embankment,  the 
intermediate  spaces  are  filled  with  a  wooden 
trestle.  The  bridge  at  the  crossing  of  these 
three  railroads  is  made  by  two  masonry  abut- 
ments on  which  rest  a  17i3-foot  span  and  a 
40-foot  steel  girder.  The  entire  bridge  and  ap- 
proaches is  built  for  double  track.  The  style  of 
the  three  s]xius  of  the  main  bridge  is  a  double 
intersection  ])in-coniiected  truss  with  horizontal 
bottom-chord  and  a  cur\ed  top-chord.  The 
entire  structure  is  of  steel,  except  pedestals  and 
ornamental  parts,  which  are  of  cast-iron,  and 
nuts,  swivels  and  clevi.ses,  which  are  of  wrought 
iron.  The  steel  was  required  to  stand  an  ulti- 
mate tensile  strain  in  the  sample  bar  from 
(i;i,()(M)  to  70, <)•)()  pounds  per  square  inch,  with 
an  elastic  limit  of  not  less  than  38,000  pounds. 
iMuished  bars,  selected  by  the  engineer,  were 
subjected  to  a  breaking  test,    the    requiremeut 


64 


OLD  Axn  A7-:ir  sr.  louis. 


iK'ing  an  eloiiyjation  of  ten  per  cent  before  l:)reak- 
ing.  The  strncturcs  are  so  proportioned  lliat 
under  all  possible  conditions  the  material  cannot 
be  subjected  to  injurious  strain. 

At  the  end  of  the  east 
approach  there  are  three 


THE  MERCHANTS' 
BRIDGE    TERMLVALS. 


connecting  lines,  one  to 
the  north,  connecting  with  the  three  railroads 
above  mentioned;  and  one  to  the  east,  on  the 
line  of  the  east  approach  extended,  connecting 
with  tlie  Toledo,  St.  Louis  &  Kansas  City  Rail- 
road; one  to  the  south,  connecting  with  the 
Venice  &  Carondelet  Belt  Railway  and  the 
East  St.  lyouis  Si.  Carondelet  Railway,  through 
which  belt  railroads  connection  is  made  with 
the  \'andalia,  the  Ohio  &  Mississippi,  Louis- 
ville &  Nashville,  and  all  other  roads  which 
reach  St.  Louis. 

The  west  approach  connects  with  the  Wabash 
Railroad,  and  also  with  the  lines  of  the  St.  Louis 
Transfer  Company.  The  system  also  has  a  con- 
nection with  the  Chicago  &.  Burlington  Rail- 
road on  both  sides  of  the  ri\-er,  and  is  connected 
with  the  St.  Louis  &  San  Francisco  and  other 
railroads.  By  franchises  more  recently  ob- 
tained, it  has  acquired  the  right  to  construct  a 
belt  line  circling  the  city,  and  crossing  every 
road  entering  it  from  the  west.  A  great  deal  of 
work  has  already  been  done  on  this  road,  and 
the  improvement  in  shipping  facilities  is 
marked.  The  Merchants'  bridge  is  connected 
with  the  Mill  Creek  Valley  tracks  and  the 
Union  depot  by  means  of  an  elevated  structure 
along  the  river  front  and  across  the  interx-ening 
city  blocks.  By  means  of  this  connection,  it  is 
probable  that  in  the  early  future  an  overhead 
route  will  be  established  between  the  river  and 
the  Union  depot  for  all  passenger  trains.  This 
probability  has  been  increased  during  the  last 
year  by  the  establishment  of  a  Diodiis  vivciidi 
between  the  two  bridge  and  tenuiiuil  companies. 
While  the  Merchants'  Bridge  and  Terminal 
Company  was  increasing  the  city's  terminal 
facilities,  the  older  corporation  also  showed 
great  enterprise,  immensely  increasing  the  mile- 
age of  its  tracks  and  the  extent  of  its  accommo- 
dations.     During    the    year    1893  it  was  found 


that  unnecessary  expense  was  being  incurred 
in  duplicate  systems  of  terminals,  and  an  agree- 
ment was  arrived  at  whereby  the  competition 
between  the  two  systems  was  terminated.  It 
nuist  be  left  to  future  historians  to  decide  whether 
this  step  was  an  unmixed  blessing  to  the  citv 
or  not.  It  is  an  e\'ent  of  too  recent  occurrence 
to  be  dispassionately  considered  at  this  time  of 
writing.  Oi)pouents  of  the  amalgamation  con- 
demn it  as  the  re-establishment  of  a  monopoly 
which  it  took  seven  or  eight  years  of  work  to 
overcome,  and  to  this  feeling  may  be  attributed 
a  revival  in  the  fall  and  winter  of  l><Ii;5  of  the 
project  to  construct  a  third  bridge  across  the 
Mississippi  at  St.  Louis.  A  charter  was  ob- 
tained for  a  bridge  in  Carondelet  several  years 
ago,  and  soundings  which  have  been  made 
within  the  last  few  weeks  indicate  that  the  pro- 
ject has  not  been  entirely  abandoned. 

The  amalgamation  or  absorption,  whichever 
may  be  the  correct  legal  term,  is  defended  by  the 
parties  most  interested  and  also  by  a  large  sec- 
tion of  the  business  community,  on  the  ground 
that  the  combined  system  of  terminals  with  two 
bridges,  will  afford  facilities  for  the  rapid  hand- 
ling of  merchandise  uucqualed  in  the  past.  The 
influence  of  the  Merchants'  Isridge,  and  of  the 
agitation  against  the  billing  of  freight  to  East 
St.  Louis  from  the  East,  has  been  seen  in  the 
immense  number  of  freight  depots  on  this  side 
of  the  river,  wdiicli  have  been  constructed  during 
the  last  three  years.  These  depots  will  continue 
to  play  an  important  part  in  the  railroad  busi- 
ness of  the  cit\-,  in  spite  of  the  removal  of  com- 
petition between  the  two  bridges.  It  takes 
more  than  a  few  months  to  change  customs  in 
force  for  years,  and  the  freight  depots  on  the 
west  side  are  only  just  beginning  to  be  appre- 
ciated at  their  full  worth.  Another  argument, 
strongly  in  favor  of  the  amalgamation  which 
has  just  been  effected,  has  relation  to  passenger 
traffic.  The  immense  number  of  passenger 
trains  between  St.  Louis  and  eastern  points  has 
caused  the  capacity  of  the  tunnel  to  be  over- 
taxed, and  for  other  reasons  an  overhead  route 
to  the  new  Union  depot  would  be  hailed  with 
general  satisfaction.     According  to  the  theories 


RAILROAD  AND  KDIIR   FACIUTIES. 


65 


TWO  NEW  BRIDGES 
IN  1894. 


of  well-informed  railroad  men,  a  lar<j;e  jiropor- 
tion  of  the  passenger  traffic  would  be  diverted 
to  the  Merchants'  bridge  and  would  proceed 
from  its  western  approach,  either  b\-  means  of 
the  elevated  railroad  already  referred  to,  or  by 
the  belt  road,  which  would  take  the  trains  in  a 
westerly  dircctii>u,  and  bring  them  into  the 
Union  depot  from  the  west.  This  latter  route 
would  necessarily  increase  the  distance  some- 
what, but  it  would  take  passengers  through  the 
residence  portions  of  the  city,  and  make  little 
difference  in  the  time  occupied  by  the  journey. 

The  railroad  and  bridge 
facilities  of  the  city  will 
be  largely  strengthened  by 
tlr  new  bridges  in  course  of  construction  across 
the  Mississijipi  and  Missouri  rivers  a  few  miles 
north  of  St.  Iannis.  One  of  tlicse  is  known  as 
the  IJellcfontaine  bridge,  and  crosses  the  I\Iis- 
souri  river  three  and  a  half  miles  from  the  Mis- 
sissij)i)i.  The  bridge,  which  is  rapidly  ap- 
proaching completion,  is  a  splendid  structure, 
about  1,780  feet  in  length.  It  is  supported  by 
five  piers,  and  will  be  a  bridge  of  exceptional 
strength.  The  other  bridge  is  at  Alton,  o\cr 
the  Mississippi  river.  It  is  also  being  rapidly 
pushed  forward  to  completion,  and  will  be  used 
as  a  means  of  securing  a  northern  inlet  to  the 
cil\'  for  the  ''  Ihniington"  and  other  roads.  The 
influence  of  these  bridges  on  the  railroad  sys- 
tem of  the  city  and  its  eastern  and  northern 
connections  will  be  enormous,  and  already  it 
is  being  felt  in  a  variety  of  ways.  At  Alton, 
they  have  enlivened  the  real  estate  market  and 
encouraged  the  laying  out  of  additions.  That 
tliere  will  be  many  more  is  a  certain  fact.  The 
"  Ihirlington "  is  famous  for  fostering  its  su- 
burban tralTic  and,  out  of  Chicago  especially, 
gives  particular  attention  to  it.  The  plan  of 
building  up  such  business  is  to  be  adhered  to 
here,  and  it  is  easy  to  prophesy  that  within  two 
or  three  years  we  shall  see  the  entire  Hue  of  the 
road  between  St.  Louis  and  Alton  built  uji  with 
k)vely  sidjurban  homes.  Many  have  already 
taken  advantage  of  the  prosjiect  in  view  and 
Iioui^ht  large  tracts  of  land  with  the  ultimate 
purpose   of    making  suburlian   tracts  of    them, 

6 


while  some  others  have  built  upon  the  wayside, 
hoping  to  reap  their  reward  after  many  years. 
It  has  been  announced  that  the  "  Big  Four,"  the 
Chicago  &  .Mton  and  the  "Burlington"  sys- 
tems will  use  the  Alton  and  Bellcfontaine 
bridges.  There  are  others  also  who  have  come 
into  the  fold  since,  and  have  contracted,  or  will 
contract,  to  use  them.  Besides  the  M.  K.  &  E. 
and  the  M.  K.  &  T.  systems,  together  with  the 
St.  Louis,  Keokuk  &  Northwestern  on  the  south, 
there  is  also  the  St.  Louis  &  San  Francisco  to 
use  it  for  east  and  west-bound  freights,  and  it  is 
surmised  that  another  one  will  before  long  make 
a  contract  with  the  owners  of  the  two  bridges. 
From  the  north  and  east,  in  addition  to  those 
already  named,  there  are  the  Jacksonville  South- 
eastern, which  will  probably  come  into  Alton 
direct  by  the  "Bluff  Line;"  the  "Santa  Fe," 
which  will  come  by  the  same  route;  possibly  the 
Illinois  Central  also,  via  the  "Bluff  Line;" 
while  the  Wabash  will  build  to  the  Belt  Line, 
via  Edwardsville  crossing,  and  connect  with 
the  bridges;  and  it  is  quite  likely  that  the  Penn- 
syhania  will  build  from  Highland  or  Green- 
\ille,  which  lie  directly  east  of  Alton,  and  use 
the  bridges  as  the  rest  will.  In  any  event,  it  is 
certain  that  they  will  have  plenty  of  traffic  and 
be  a  most  important  factor  in  the  commerce  of 
St.  Louis,  as  well  as  of  Alton. 

The  two  bridges,  it  is  tinderstood,  are  to  be 
free,  except  a  yearly  rental  charged  roads  not  in- 
terested in  the  building  of  them,  and  rates  may 
l)e  made  independent  of  the  Eads,  Merchants'  or 
any  other  method  of  crossing  the  Mississippi. 
At  Lamothe  Place  there  is  to  be  an  important 
transfer  station  with  iileuty  of  side-tracks, 
where  the  transfers  of  cast  and  west-bound 
freight  cars  will  be  made  and  new  trains 
1)e  made  up,  as  also  at  F.ast  .\lton.  .\11  in 
all,  the  new  bridges,  when  completed,  will 
be  the  most  important  accessions  to  the  business 
of  St.  Louis  since  the  building  of  the  Eads  and 
the  Merchants'  bridges.  They  will  involve  a 
.saving  of  fifty  miles  and  a  week  of  transfer, 
opening  up  a  new  suburban  territory  and  offer- 
ing many  other  advantages  too  numerous  to 
mention  here,  but  which  will  develop  as  time 


66 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


moves  on  and  tlie  l)n(l,i;cs  and  their  ctmncclions 
are  bnilt  and  jnit  inlo  ojjeration. 

The  work  of  bniklin^j  tliese  brid<jes,  as  a  total, 
far  surpasses  the  entire  hdior  of  bniklino;  the 
Eads  brid.y;e,  and,  with  tlieir  connections  and 
terminals,  it  forms  one  of  the  most  majestic 
conceptions  of  modern  times.  Two  bridges  not 
more  than  fonr  miles  apart,  the  distance  fn>ni 
Alton  to  St.  Lonis  reduced  to  sixteen  miles, 
manv  miles  of  railroad  through  what  was  con- 
sidered an  impassable  country,  subject  as  it  is  to 
annual  overflows,  all  concentrating  at  one  point 
for  the  general  good  and  direct  benefit  of  them- 
selves and  St.  Louis,  is  a  result  which  five  years 
ago  was  laughed  at,  and  even  sneered  at,  l)y 
many  of  the  most  well-informed  people. 

It  will  thus  be 

seen  that  the  rail- 
DEPOT 

IN  THE  WORLD. 


THE  LARGEST  PASSEfVOER 


road  facilities  of 
St.  Louis  are  at 
the  present  time  magnificent,  and  that  in  the 
immediate  future  they  will  become  even  more 
distinctly  superior  to  those  of  any  other  city.  It 
is  therefore  strictly  in  order  that  New  St.  Louis 
should  have  a  Union  depot  better  and  more 
sieantic  than  can  be  found  elsewhere,  and  this 
it  is  to  have.  Sinniltancously  with  the  jiublish- 
ing  of  this  work  there  will  be  opened  the  finest 
depot  in  the  world,  audits  builders  have  decided 
to  adopt  the  European  and  eastern  appellation 
and  call  it  the  "St.  Louis  Union  Station."  Noth- 
ing but  never-ceasing  care  has  enabled  the  enor- 
mous  passenger  traffic  lor  the  last  few  years  to  be 
carried  on  at  all,  let  alone  safely  and  promptly, 
at  the  old  Union  depot  on  Twelfth  street,  and 
ten  years  ago  a  new  depot  was  determined  upon. 
In  1886  the  movement  took  definite  shape  in  the 
formation  of  the  Union  Depot  Company  by  the 
Missouri  Pacific,  the  Cleveland,  Cincinnati  & 
St.  Louis,  the  Iron  Mountain  &  Southern,  the 
Louisville  &  Nashville,  the  Ohio  &  Mississippi 
and  the  Wabash.  It  was  not  designed  that  the 
promoting  companies  should  use  the  new  struct- 
ure and  tracks  exclusively,  but  upon  them  fell 
the  responsibility  of  the  great  task.  Jay  Gould 
took  a  personal  interest  in  the  proposition,  and 
many  discussions  as  to  the  form  to  be  adopted 


took  place.  The  ])]atfornis  of  the  old  depot  run 
cast  and  west,  and  the  tliruugh  s\stem  is  used; 
the  ])latfnrnis  of  the  new  station  run  north  and 
south,  and  it  is  designed  on  the  terminal  and 
"  pocket  "  plan.  The  step  was  not  taken  with- 
out mature  deliberation,  and  that  the  wiser 
counsels  prevailed  is  generally  admitted.  Mr. 
William  Taussig,  the  president  of  the  company, 
and  Mr.  Theo.  C.  Link,  the  architect,  will  ever 
be  spoken  of  with  pride  by  St.  Louisans  for 
designing  and  giving  to  St.  Louis  ///e  largest 
Union  Railroad  Station  in  the  'n'orld. 

There  is  no  exaggeration  in  this  expression. 
The  vSt.  Pancras  Station  in  London  is  generally 
spoken  of  as  an  exceptionally  large  depot,  but 
is  less  than  half  the  size  of  the  new  station  at 
,St.  Louis,  which  also  covers  more  ground  than 
tlie  two  magnificent  depots  of  the  Pennsjlvania 
road  at  Jersey  City  and  Philadelphia  put  to- 
gether. Ranked  in  order  of  area  the  seven 
great  representative  depots  of  the  world  are: 


ll 

2  »■ 

a". 

New  Union  Station, St. Louis 
Union     Depot,     Frankfurt, 

006  by  700  feet 

552  by  600  feet 

360  by  800  feet 

306  by  647  feet 
240  by  700  feet 

25G  by  653  feet 

200  by  750  feet 

424,200 
331,200 

288,000 

197,082 
168,000 

167,168 

1.30,000 

10* 

8 

Reading   Railroad   Station, 
Philadelphia 

7 

Pennsylvania  Railroad  Sta- 
tion, Philadelphia 

St.  Pancras  Station,  London 

Pennsylvania  Railroad  Sta- 
tion, Jersey  City.- 

Grand  Central  Station,  New 
York  City    

4J 
4 

4 

3} 

The  depot  and  sheds  together  cover  si.x  city 
blocks,  bounded  on  the  north  by  Market 
street,  on  the  .south  by  the  Mill  Creek  Valley 
tracks,  on  the  east  by  Eighteenth  .street,  and  on 
the  west  by  Twentieth  street.  The  total  area 
covered  is  equal  to  ten  acres,  and  200,Ut)()  men 
could  .stand  under  its  roof  at  one  time.  No  le.ss 
than  12, 000, ()()()  pimnds  of  steel,  2,.")00,0()()  feet 
of  lumber,  5,000,000  bricks,  3,000,000  nails, 
1(10, 000  cubic  feet  of  stone,  200,000  roofing  tile 
and  50,000  square  yards  of  plastering  have  been 

*Including  sheds,  buildings,  &c.,  the  area  covered  is 
really  about  twelve  acres. 


KAirjwAn  Axn  ri\kr  jalilitii-:s. 


67 


used  in  the  work,  and  tlie  total  cost  of  the 
slrnctnre,  includinof  tlie  pnrcliase  of  tlie  site, 
exceeds  $4,00(),<)O().  A  detailed  description  of 
a  l)nilding  of  this  nia<juitude  is  well-nigh  im- 
possible, but  some  of  the  most  striking  features 
must  be  recorded.  At  Kighteenth  street  there 
is  an  entrance-way  and  stair-case  fifty  feet  wide, 
hilt  the  ni;iiu  entrances  are  on  Market  street, 
where  carriages  can  drive  in  through  a  semi- 
circular drive-way  to  the  approach  to  the  grand 
stair-case.  Tlie  basement  of  the  depot  is  on  a 
level  with  the  tracks  under  the  train-shed,  and 
the  first  floor  is  a  little  above  the  Market  street 
level. 

Passengers  to  the  city  cannot  fail  to  be  im- 
pressed with  the  grand  waiting-rooms  through 
which  thc\-  will  jiass.  The  general  waiting-room 
has  a  floor  area  of  10, ()()()  square  feet,  and  is  of 
exceptional  altitude.  The  decorations,  both  of 
the  walls  and  the  ceiling,  are  ajipropriate  and 
costh-,and  in  the  center  there  is  to  be  a  Bureau  of 
Information,  at  which  cjuestions  of  all  character 
will  be  answered.  The  grand  waiting-room,  on 
the  first  floor  above,  has  an  area  of  12,0()()  square 
feet,  and  is  sixty  feet  high.  The  decorations  of 
this  n)om  are  magnificent,  and  no  less  than  o, ()<)(» 
incandescent  lights  will  be  used  for  its  illumina- 
tion. The  ladies'  parlors,  which  are  now  jirac- 
tically  completed,  are  also  models  of  excellence; 
and  the  general  oflTices,  railroad,  telegraphic  and 
otherwise,  are  of  the  most  perfect  character. 
W'Ikii  the  Municip.il  Assembly  granted  the 
necessary  authority  lor  closing  the  streets  run- 
ning through  the  ten-acre  tract  now  cox'ered  by 
the  depot,  it  was  stipulated  that  the  main  build- 
ing should  cost  not  less  than  sS(i(l, ()()().  The 
actual  cost  of  this  portion  of  the  work  has  not 
been  made  public,  but  it  is  so  far  in  excess  of 
the  minimum  named  in  the  franchise,  that  llinsi.- 
who  took  the  ])recaution  to  put  in  the  figures 
feel  now  that  their  ideas  of  tiie  work  proi^osed 
were  extremely  conservative. 

The  train-shed  is 
more  remarkable  than 
the  building  itself.  It 
is  (Kh;  ffct  wide,  nearlv  7n()  feet  long,  and  lni) 
feet  hi''h.      The  roof  of  the  shed   forms  an  arch 


PLAN  OF  THE 
UNION  STATION  SHISI). 


of  (iOO  feet  radius,  the  height  varying  from 
;i()  feet  at  tlie  sides  to  the  IOO  feet  already 
mentioned  in  the  center.  Tlie  roof  is  supported 
by  forty-four  outer  columns,  forty-four  interme- 
diate columns  and  twenty-four  middle  columns 
of  great  strength.  The  roof  is  almost  entirely 
of  glass,  of  which  there  are  used  altogether 
120, ()()()  scpiare  feet  in  the  work,  all  of  St.  Louis 
manufacture.  An  extension  to  the  train-shed 
calls  for  42,0110  square  feet  of  space,  and  will 
give  the  dei)ot  facilities  for  handling  an  unlim- 
ited amount  of  traffic  expeditiously  and  safely. 
The  numljer  of  tracks  provided  for  in  this  shed 
is  thirty-two,  twice  as  many  as  are  to  be  found 
in  the  Pennsylvania  dei)ot  at  Philadelphia,  and 
nearly  twice  as  many  as  in  the  large  depot  at 
Frankfurt,  Germany.  Between  the  tracks  will 
be  hardwood  platforms,  twelve  feet  in  the  clear. 
.\s  already  mentioned,  the  tracks  run  into  the 
depot  from  south  to  north,  and  the  platforms 
parallel  the  tracks,  bounded  at  the  southern 
end  by  fences  and  gates.  .Vlong  the  lughteenth 
street  side  there  is  also  a  fifty-foot  platform  for 
the  exclusive  use  of  promeuaders,  who  will  not 
be  allowed  to  go  on  the  jilatforms. 

Seventy  feet  from  the  rear  depot  wall  a  bag- 
gage-room extends  ;^(I0  feet  southward.  This 
will  be  the  most  complete  (jnick-service  room  in 
the  country,  and  will  be  so  great  an  improve- 
ment over  the  accommodations  hitherto  enjoyed 
by  the  travelers  through  St.  Louis  that  com- 
parison is  out  of  question.  One  more  feature 
of  the  depot  must  be  mentioned,  because  of  the 
ingenuity  of  which  it  gi\es  evidence,  and  also 
of  the  immense  ad\antages  that  will  accrue. 
This  has  relation  to  the  .system  of  tracks  and 
their  entrance  to  the  sheds,  which  have  been  so 
arranged  that  no  engine  will  come  under  the 
massive  roof.  In  the  good  days  to  come,  loco- 
motives will  be  equipped  with  smoke-consuming 
devices,  but  even  then  they  will  be  objection- 
able under  cover.  Now,  they  give  forth  vol- 
umes of  smoke  and  make  a  variety  of  unpleas- 
ant noises,  and  their  room  is  far  preferal>Ie  to 
tlicir  company;  and  it  is  a  splendid  feature  of 
the  new  depot  that  the  air  in  the  sheds  will 
always  be  perfectly  clear  and  pure.    The  thirty- 


68 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS? 


two  tracks  will  vary  in  length  from  ini)  to 
1,200  feet,  and  they  will  converge  into  a  bottle- 
shaped  jnnction  or  thre)at  at  the  south  end. 
A  train  coming  in  from  either  direction  will  run 
past  the  shed;  the  engine  will  be  reversed  and 
the  train  backed  in  o\x'r  the  cur\ed  "Y"  to 
its  respective  track.  No  switching  will  be 
required,  as  the  trains  will  be  made  tip  and 
ready  to  resume  their  respective  journeys  in 
either  direction  when  required.  The  switches 
will  all  be  controlled  by  the  lever-locking  sys- 
tem, from  a  switch-tower  of  considerable  height. 
There  will  be  no  possiljility  of  collisions,  and 
the  service  will  be  improved  and  expedited  in 
the  most  pronounced  manner. 

If  the  arrangement  already  described,  whereby 
all  passenger  trains  will  enter  the  city  via  the 
Mill  Creek  Valley  from  the  west,  is  carried  out, 
the  system  will  be  still  greater  in  its  simplicity. 
At  the  first  opening  of  the  depot,  however,  the 
Wabash,  Missouri  Pacific,  Iron  Mountain,  Keo- 
kuk, Colorado,  and  San  Francisco  trains,  with 
others  using  their  tracks,  will  come  in  from  the 
west  under  the  Twenty-first  street  bridge,  pass- 
ing the  shed  entrance  and  then  backing  in  as 
described.  The  Wabash  Eastern,  Chicago  & 
Alton,  "Burlington,"  "Cairo  Short  Line,"  "Big 
Four,"  Illinois  Central,  Louisville  &  Nashville, 
Louisville,  Evansville  &  St.  Louis  and  Balti- 
more «&:  Ohio  trains  will  at  first  run  up  the  ]Mill 
Creek  Valley  from  the  eastern  approach,  pass 
under  the  Eighteenth  street  bridge,  and  back 
into  the  shed  and  depot  from  the  west. 

The  official  announcement  has  been  made  that 
the  depot  will  be  open  for  traffic  next  March 
(1894),  and  there  seems  every  reason  to  believe 
that  the  promise  will  be  carried  out  and  that  the 
magnificent  depot  will  be  in  use  before  the  sum- 
mer travel  commences. 

The  extraordinary  rail- 
road facilities  of  St.  Louis 

have,  to  a  great  extent, 
RIVER  CONNECTIONS.  ,      ,        ",     -^ 

overshadowed    its    river 

facilities,  and  have  caused  sight  to  be  lost  of  the 
fact  that  St.  Louis  is  the  chief  port  in  is^ouo 
miles  of  inland  waterways.  In  years  gone  by 
the  river  was  the  making  of  St.  Louis,  and  al- 


THE  IMPORTANCE 
OF  OUR 


though  the  city's  greatness  is  due  more  to  the  rail- 
roads than  to  the  ri\-er,  no  treatise  on  the  great- 
ness of  St.  Louis  will  ever  be  complete  without 
a  reference  to  the  river  and  the  enormous  traffic 
that  it  has  witnessed.  "  There  is  no  warrant," 
to  quote  from  the  memorial  presented  by  the 
Merchants'  Exchange  in  l.Si)2  to  the  Fifty- 
second  Congress,  in  favor  of  the  deepening  of 
the  ri\cr  channel  between  St.  Louis  and  the 
Gulf,  "for  the  assertion  that  in  this  age  of  rail- 
roads rivers  have  lost  their  fascination  and 
influence  over  the  people,  and  that  it  is  as  easy 
to  build  up  a  great  and  poi)ulous  cil\-  at  a  dis- 
tance from  navigable  water  as  nyion  its  shore. 
The  history  of  settlements  in  this  country,  as 
well  in  the  last  forty  years  of  railroad  making, 
as  in  the  one  hundred  and  fifty  that  preceded  it, 
attests  the  continued  ascendency  of  navigable 
streams  and  lakes  over  the  popular  mind,  and 
their  great  ^•alue  in  commercial,  industrial  and 
distributive  economies.  The  same  forces  that 
located  New  York  at  the  mouth  of  the  Hudson, 
Philadelphia  on  the  Delaware,  Baltimore  on  the 
Patapsco,  New  Orleans  and  St.  Louis  on  the 
Mississippi,  Pittsburgh, Cincinnati  and  Louisville 
on  the  Ohio,  and  Chicago  and  ^Milwaukee  on 
Lake  Michigan,  before  railroads  were  thought 
of,  have  assisted  to  build  up  Minneapolis,  St. 
Paul,  LaCrosse,  Winona,  Dubuque,  Davenport, 
Rock  Island,  Muscatine,  Keokuk,  Hannibal, 
Ouincy,  Cairo,  Memphis  and  A"icksl)urg  on  the 
Mississippi,  Evansville,  Owensboro  and  Pa- 
ducah  on  the  Ohio,  and  Kansas  City,  Leaven- 
worth, St.  Joseph,  Omaha,  Council  Bluffs,  Siou.x 
City,  Pierre  and  Bismarck  on  the  iMissoui'i;  and 
it  may  be  observed  that  in  the  settlement  of  the 
newer  portions  of  the  Mississiijpi  Valley  in  the 
last  half  century,  it  has  e\-er  been  the  rule  to 
found  the  leading  cities  and  towns  on  ri\-ers  and 
lakes,  if  there  were  ri\-ers  or  lakes  within  reach, 
unless  special  agencies  dictated  a  different  loca- 
tion. And  it  is  a  fact  not  without  significance 
that  the  cities,  founded  on  the  waterside,  which 
were  leading  cities  as  far  back  as  1830,  ha\e 
maintained  their  pre-eminence  in  the  face  of 
railway  influences,  and  are  leading  cities  in 
1892.     Pittsburgh,  at  the  head  of  the  Ohio,  con- 


RAII.IWAP  AXn   KIl'liR   1-ACI LlllliS. 


69 


tiimes  to  be  the  largest  city  in  Western  Pciinsyl- 
\ania;  Cincinnati,  on  the  Ohio,  and  Clcvehind, 
on  Lake  Erie,  are  the  hardest  cities  in  Ohio; 
Chicago  is  tlie  cliief  city  of  Illinois,  vSt.  Lonis 
and  Kansas  City  of  Missonri,  Louisxille  of  Ken- 
tucky, St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  of  Minnesota, 
()niaha  of  Nebraska,  Memphis  and  Nashville  of 
Tennessee,  lyittle  Rock  of  Arkansas,  Vicksbnrg 
of  Mississippi  and  New  Orleans,  Shreveport  and 
Haton  Rouge  of  Louisiana — and  there  are  good 
reasons  {ox  believing  that  these  cities,  all  located 
on  the  waterside,  will  continue  to  maintain  their 
ascendency  in  their  respective  States  for  genera- 
tions to  come." 

The  actual  population  of  the  Mississippi  river 
.States  alone  is  ]8,.')()0,(M)0,  while  the  poi)ulatiou 
of  the  Mississippi  ValleyStatesisover^S, ()()(), ()()(). 
The  region  drained  hv  the  Mississippi  and  its 
tributaries  endjraces  one-half  the  States  in  the 
I'nion  and  nearlv  one-half  the  population,  and 
the  ininunse  \alue  of  the  city's  river  location 
can  easily  be  understood  when  this  fact  is  taken 
into  consideration.  According  to  the  census 
of  ISIH)  upwards  of  ;U, 000, 000  tons  of  freight 
were  carried  during  the  year  bSSI)  cm  tlie 
.Mississi])pi  and  its  tributaries,  the  principal 
commodities  and  tlie  tonnage  of  each  being  as 
follows: 


C0UM03IT1ES. 

Tons. 

Coal  

]0,G:{2,101I 

I'orest   Products 

II),.J3I,1S'J 

Merchandise 

r>  sso. :;.")!! 

Wheat  

1,0«S,504 

os(;,(i;i5 

Iron   Ore 

n3(;.(;i7 

Cottou  Seed  ami  Oil                                          

39-2, liss 

Corn 

2()(;,07I 

Suijar  and  Molassis 

lsil.S2'.i 

Animal    Trodncts 

ICIi.lTii 

Stone  ami  Cravel 

i.-)S,-i.-.:i 

Clay  and  Sand 

1  11, Kit 

Manufactured   Iron 

I:!-J.tii:o 

Mill  Products 

ss.i-Jii 

"">• 

7s.i;:i.-> 

Other  Grain    

."d.:ios 

I'rnits  and  Vegetables 

•j:!,(i9l 

17.7117 

Pi;;  Iron 

a.  51  Ml 

Oils 

:{,lis 

Ice 

4  (MIO 

Cement,  Brick  and  Lime 

1.2:tl 

Total 

3l,05-l,-l-23 

PROSPECTS  OF 

lyCREASED 
RIVER   TRAFFIC. 


The  river  equipment  of  the  streams  with 
which  St.  Louis  has  direct  traffic  and  large  pro- 
prietary interest  embrace  upwards  of  1,300 
boats,  with  an  aggregate  tonnage  of  4.S0,OOO, 
the  actual  of  weight  of  freight  moved  on  them 
amounting  to  about  one-half  the  total  giveu 
abu\e. 

It  could  scarcely  be  ex- 
pected that  the  river  traffic 
to  and  from  St.  Louis  would 
show  a  large  increase  when 
the  immense  railroad  freight  returns  are  taken 
into  consideration,  but  considerably  upwards  of 
1,000,000  tons  of  freight  are  received  at  the 
city  and  shipped  from  it  every  year.  The  re- 
turns would  be  infinitely  larger  but  for  suspen- 
sions of  tralTic  caused  by  low  water,  and  for 
se\eral  years  the  efforts  of  the  Merchants'  R.x- 
change  ha\e  been  directed  towards  the  securing 
from  the  Federal  Government  a  measure  of  jus- 
tice in  the  matter  of  river  improvement.  The 
iiio\'ement,  waniih-  supported  by  Mr.  l\.  A.  Noo- 
uan,  during  his  administration  as  mayor,  came 
to  a  definite  head  in  the  years  IS'.il  and  IX[I'2, 
when  the  executi\-e  committee  of  the  commercial 
and  manufacturing  associations  of  St.  Louis  for 
the  improvement  of  the  Mississippi  river  secured 
the  introduction  of  a  bill  appropriating  $8,000,000 
annually  for  the  improvement  of  the  river.  This 
bill  passed  the  Senate,  but  owing  to  the  strong 
opposition  in  the  House,  it  was  deemed  inad- 
visable to  run  the  risk  of  pushing  it,  and  in  its 
])lace  there  was  obtained  an  appropriation  of 
$4,000,000  per  annum  for  four  years,  for  con- 
tinuous work  on  the  Mi.ssissipjii  river  from 
St.  Paul  to  New  Orleans.  This  work  is 
now  in  progress,  and  a  concerted  effort  will 
be  made  lo  have  the  appropriations  continued 
indelinileh'  nulil  St.  Lnuis  becomes  a  seaport, 
and  until  the  river  is  iia\igable  at  all  periods  of 
the  year,  except  when  closed  by  ice. 

The  high  water  of  the  year  \X'J2  reduced  the 
river  tonnage  considerably.  During  the  months 
of  .\pril,  May,  June  and  July  the  a\erage  stage  of 
the  river  at  St.  Louis  was  about  twenty  feet,  as 
compared  with  zero  of  gauge  in  the  year  1S(53, 
and  again  in  December,  l.S't.'i.    This  latter  iiidi- 


70 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


cated  aljoiit  twelve  feet  of  water  in  the  channel  in 
the  harbor  of  St.  Lonis,  with  four  and  some- 
times only  three  feet  of  water  in  ])Iaces  between 


here  and  Cairo.  The  arrivals  and  departures  at 
and  from  the  port  of  St.  Louis  during  the  last 
twenl\-  \-ears  are  as  follows: 


ARRIVALS. 


1892. 

1891 

1890. 

1889. 

1888. 

1887.. 

1886.. 

1885.. 

1884.. 

1883.. 

1882.. 

1881.. 

1880.. 

1879.. 

1878.. 

1877. 

1876 

1875 

1874 . 

1873. 


lioats. 

Uiirgcs.  , 

2053 

1090  ' 

1881 

1019 

1927 

1274 

2195 

1474 

2079 

1244 

2361 

1272 

2087 

1269 

1878 

1030 

1^048 

999 

2240 

1185 

2537 

1110 

242G 

1.525 

2S7I 

1 821 

2300 

1471  i 

2322 

1291 

21.i0 

060 

2122 

683 

2201 

743 

2332 

951 

2816 

1020 

'I'ons  of 

Krei^'ht 

Received. 


556,980 
450,050 
530,790 
543,990 
597,955 
652,880 
570,205 
479,065 
520,350 
029,225 
802,080 
852,410 
893, NOO 
688,970 
714,700 
044,485 
688,7.55 
603,525 
732,765 
810,055 


'I'tms  of 
Luinljer  ami 
LoKs  Ijy  Raft 

Received. 


130  220 
142,090 
132,940 
127,095 
130, 835 
213,105 
200,785 
217,860 
240,330 
231,285 
271,490 
350,020 
19,S,315 


URP.VRTURES. 


1892 
1891 
1890 

1889, 
1888 
1887. 
1886 
1885 
1884 
1883 
1882 
1881 
1880 
1S79 
1878 
1877 
1876 
1875. 
1874 
1873 


2013 
1845 
1910 
2211 

2076 
2328 
2102 
1828 
2018 
2140 
2487 
2340 
2S0U 
2392 
2348 
2156 
2118 
2223 
2364 
2303 


Tons  of 
Kreight 
Shipped. 


502,215 
612,930 
617,985 
712,700 
510,1)5 
637,060 
561,895 
534,175 
514,910 
677,340 
769,905 
884,025 
1,038,350 
676,445 
614,675 
597,076 
600,225 
039,095 
707,325 
783,256 


CHAPTER    VI. 

RAPID   TRANSIT   AND    ITS    INFLUENCES. 

THE   EARLY   STRUGGLES  OF   OMNIBUS  AND  STREET   CAR  COMPANIES.- THE   INTRODUCTION 
OF  CABLE   AND   ELECTRIC   POWER.- EFFECT  ON   IMPROVEMENTS   AND  VALUES. 


Ml 


'HE  STREET  C.\R  .service  of  St.  Louis 
is  now  equal  to  that  to  be  found  in  an\' 
city  in  the  world,  and  in  many  respects 
it  is  far  superior.  It  has  more  special 
features  than  the  street  car  service  of 
any  other  city,  and  it  runs  some  of  the 
most  handsome  cars  in  the  world.  During  the 
year  18!K5  the  use  of  horses  and  mules  for  street 
car  traction  was  put  a  stop  to  in  the  down-town 
sections  of  the  city,  and  the  three  roads  which 
were  the  last  to  fall  in  line  with  the  procession 
commenced  the  regular  running  of  electric  cars 
during  the  summer.  Now  every  main  line  is 
operated  by  electricity  or  cable,  and  there  are 


nearh-  ;')0()  miles  in  operation,  while  the  total 
numljer  of  passengers  carried  each  year  is  about 
100, ()()(), ()()().  To  realize  what  this  means  it 
should  be  borne  in  mind  that  to  maintain  an 
average  of  100,000,000  passengers  per  annum  it 
is  necessary  for  the  cars  to  haul  a  number  equal 
to  one-half  the  city's  entire  population  every 
day,  Sundays  included.  Before  describing  the 
splendid  equipments  of  to-day,  a  brief  reference 
must  be  made  to  the  early  days  of  omnibuses 
and  street  cars  in  St.  Louis.  The  first  omnibus 
was  run  without  any  concerted  system  or  plan 
about  fift)-fi\e  years  ago.  A  local  paper  in 
1838  .speaks  of  the  handsome  style  of  an  omnibus 


RAPID  TRANSIT  AND  ITS  INFLUENCES. 


71 


run  by  Mr.  Belcher,  but  it  was  not  until  1844 
that  an  onniihus  ser\-ice  of  any  extent  was  es- 
tablished. Mr.  Erastus  Wells  and  Mr.  Calvin 
Case  in  that  year  established  an  omnibus  line, 
which  is  referred  to  in  a  local  paper  on  June  11, 
LSI.'),  in  the  following  terms: 

"  It  is  but  a  few  months  since  our  opinion  was 
asked  as  to  the  probable  profits  of  an  omnibus 
to  be  run  in  certain  parts  of  the  city.  At 
that  time  no  omnibuses  were  run  in  the  city. 
The  experiment  was  attempted.  The  first  was 
started  by  Messrs.  Case  &.  Wells,  to  run  from  the 
National  Hotel  on  ^Market  street,  to  the  ferry  at 
the  upper  end  of  the  city.  We  l)elic\e  it  has 
been  successful  as  could  have  I)een  expected  from 
a  new  undertaking.  At  first  j^eople  were  a  little 
shy  of  it;  some  did  not  think  it  exactly  a  gen- 
teel way  of  traveling  the  streets.  These  scruples 
have  entirely  disappeared,  and  everybody  now 
rides  in  them,  and  is  glad  of  the  opportunity. 
Messrs.  Case  &  Wells  manifest  a  determination 
to  keep  up  with  the  encouragement  given  them, 
and  have  lately  put  on  their  line  a  new  and 
beautiful  oniuibus,  manufactured  in  Troy,  New 
York.  It  is  a  fine  specimen  of  workmanship,  and 
is  a  very  comfortable  carriage.  In  addition  to  the 
line  above  mentioned,  we  now  ha\-e  regular  lines 
running  from  the  National  lintel  to  the  .\rseual, 
along  Second  street;  a  line  from  the  Planters' 
House  to  the  Arsenal,  along  Fourth  street;  a 
line  from  the  corner  of  Fourth  and  Market 
streets  to  the  Camp  Springs,  and  a  line  to  the 
Prairie  House.  All  seem  to  be  doing  a  flourish- 
ing and  profitable  business,  and  they  prove  to  be 
a  great  convenience  to  persons  residing  in  dis- 
tant parts,  and  to  those  ha\ing  business  to  at- 
tend to  in  remote  parts  of  the  city.  They  have 
contributed  not  a  little  to  give  an  increase  of 
value  to  real  estate  l>ing  at  a  distance  from  the 
center  or  business  portion  of  the  cit\-." 

In  l.s.")0  Hrastus  Wells,  with  Calvin  Case, 
Robert  O'Blennus  and  Lawrence  Mathews 
formed  a  combination  which  purchased  and  op- 
erated all  the  omnibus  lines  in  St.  Louis.  In 
the  following  year  there  were  six  lines  in  exist- 
ence, as  follows:  First,  from  the  .\rsenal  to  Ca- 
rondclct;  second,  from  the  corner  of  Market  and 


THE  FIRST  STREET 
RAILROAD  TRIP. 


Second  streets  to  the  Arsenal;  third,  from  the 
corner  of  Main  and  Market  to  Camp  Springs; 
fourth,  from  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Frank- 
lin avenue  to  Rising  Sun  Tavern;  fifth,  from  the 
corner  of  Market  and  Third  to  Bremen;  sixth, 
from  Bremen  to  Bis.sell's  Ferry.  The  omnibn.ses 
from  these  points  started  every  four  to  ten  min- 
utes, and  the  lines  comprised  in  all  ninety  om- 
nibuses, 4.J0  head  of  horses,  four  stables  and 
about  100  hands. 

In  January,  1859,  a 
meeting  was  held  to  dis- 
cuss the  question  of  the 
building  of  street  railroads,  and  the  sense  of  the 
meeting  was  so  strongly  in  favor  of  the  innova- 
tion that  local  enterprise  was  at  once  directed  to- 
wards the  incorporation  of  companies  for  build- 
ing and  equipping  street  railroads.  In  the  fol- 
lowing May  the  ilissouri  Railroad  Company 
was  organized,  and  Mr.  ICrastus  Wells  became 
its  president,  a  position  he  occupied  for  more 
than  twenty  years.  By  July  the  road  was  con- 
structed as  far  as  Twelfth  street,  and  on  the 
4th  of  July  the  first  car  was  run  over  the 
track.  In  these  days  of  street  railroads  nmning 
trains  five,  and  even  fifteen,  miles,  the  excite- 
ment which  the  first  trip  created  on  the  si.x- 
block  route  seems  remarkable  and  almost  hu- 
morous. The  literature  of  the  day  tells  us  that 
the  first  car  was  a  beautiful  vehicle,  light,  ele- 
gant and  commodious,  having  cost  $!K)0,  in- 
cluding freight  from  Philadelphia,  where  it  was 
constructed.  "Mr.  Wells,  president  of  the 
road,  then  took  the  reins,"  we  are  told,  "and, 
after  a  jerk  or  two,  the  first  car  moved  slowly 
but  steadily  up  the  track  amidst  loud  shouts 
and  cheers  from  the  crowd.  Troops  of  urchins 
followed  in  its  wake,  endeavoring  to  hang  on, 
and  we  fear  unless  this  is  prevented  in  the 
future,  .serious  accidents  may  occur."  The 
journey  appears  to  have  been  accompanied  by 
great  difficulties,  the  car  leaving  the  track 
several  times,  but  Tenth  street  was  finally 
reached,  "the  track  having  been  cleared  of 
stone  only  that  distance."  It  took  many  years 
to  bring  the  Missouri  Railroad  system  up  to  its 
present  standard,  l)nt  Grand  avenue  was  reached 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


during  the  seventies  by  both  Olive  and  ^larkct 
streets. 

The  St.  Louis  Railroad,  or  the  Broadway  line, 
was  also  started  in  ls.")!»,  as  was  the  Citizens' 
Railway,  which  originally  ran  as  far  west  as 
Oarrisoii  avenue.  In  1.^(14  the  road  was  extended 
to  the  Fair  Grounds,  and  in  1881  along  the 
St.  Charles  rock  road  to  Rinkelville.  The  ex- 
tension of  this  road  between  King's  Highway 
and  Rinkelville  is  still  operated  by  horses  on  a 
single  track  with  turn-outs.  It  is  shortly  to  be 
reconstructed  and  equipped  as  an  electric  road, 
but  in  the  meantime  it  gives  an  interesting  in- 
sight into  the  original  system  of  street  railroads 
in  St.  Louis  as  compared  with  the  magnificent 
equipment  of  to-day.  The  People's  road  was  also 
constructed  along  Fourth  street  in  18.')!),  and 
five  years  later  it  was  extended  to  Lafayette 
Park.  In  l.S'S2  it  was  further  extended  to  Grand 
avenue.  The  first  step  towards  the  forma- 
tion of  the  Union  Depot  system  of  street  rail- 
roads was  made  in  18()2,  when  the  track  was 
laid  from  Fourth  and  Pine  streets  to  Gravois 
road.  So  many  extensions  have  taken  place 
since,  that  the  road  has  become  a  general  South 
vSt.  Louis  means  of  transportation,  and  it  has  just 
completed  a  line  to  Carondelet  on  the  high 
ground.  The  year  18(j4  was  an  important  one 
in  street  railroad  history.  It  saw  the  building 
of  theBenton-Bellefontaine  Railroad  as  far  as  the 
water  tower,  and  also  the  commencement  of 
work  on  the  Lindell  system,  now  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  United  States.  Cars  were  run  on 
both  the  Washington  avenue  and  Fourteenth 
street  branches  early  in  18(J7,  the  first  named 
road  having  for  some  years  its  terminus  at  Ware 
avenue. 

The  Union  Railway  was  organized  the  follow- 
ing year  and  track  was  laid  as  far  as  Hyde  Park. 
Ten  years  later  the  road  was  extended  to  the 
Fair  Grounds.  In  1S74  the  Cass  A\enue  and 
Fair  Grounds  Railway  was  organized,  and  in 
June  1875  it  was  first  operated.  On  October 
25,  1874,  some  excitement  was  caused  by  the 
running  of  the  first  two-story  car  in  the  city. 
This  was  on  the  Northwestern  St.  Louis  Rail- 
way, which  became  absorbed  by  the  Mound  City 


Railway  Company,  whose  cars  were  first  oper- 
ated in  I8(i().  The  South  St.  Louis  Railway 
Company  was  incorporated  in  187()  at  about  the 
time  of  the  adoption  of  the  scheme  and  charter. 
By  the  purchase  of  the  Carondelet  Street  Rail- 
way Company,  it  connected  Carondelet  with  St. 
Louis,  running  due  south. 

Another  company,  not  strictly  a  street  railroad 
company,  but  of  equal  importance  to  the  cit\-,  is 
the  St.  Louis  Transfer  Company,  originall\- 
known  as  the  Ohio  &  Mississippi  Transfer  Com- 
pany. This  was  chartered  in  Ls.V.i,  and  has 
provided  admirable  transfer  and  omnibus  facili- 
ties for  passengers,  baggage  and  freight  ever 
since,  keeping  pace  with  the  growth  of  public 
sentiment  and  the  improvement  of  transfer  facili- 
ties generally. 

This  in  brief  traces  the 
origin  of  the  magnificent 
street  railroad  facilities  of 
St.  Louis  to-day.  In  18,S2, 
when,  as  we  have  already  seen.  Old  St.  Louis 
began  to  merge  into  New  St.  Louis,  there  were 
in  operation  fourteen  street  railroads,  which 
carried  about  oO, 000, 000  passengers  during  the 
year,  or  less  than  one-third  the  total  carried  now. 
The  following  table,  based  on  the  1882  returns, 
will  give  some  slight  idea  of  the  small  begin- 
ning upon  which  the  street  railroad  s)-stem  of 
New  St.  Louis  was  based: 


THE  SERVICE 

OF  OLD  ST.  LOUIS 

AT  ITS  BEST. 


Baden  

Heiiton  &  Bellefontaine... 

Cass  Avenue 

Citizens' 

The  Lindell 

Missouri 

Mound  City 

People's 

St.  IvOuis 

South  St.  Louis 

Tower  Grove  &  Lafayette 

Union 

I'uion  Depot 


•c 

X 

.^ 

Sjj 

i. 

cS 

c^ 

•~  « 

P. 

^c. 

O 

=  ■0 

.a 

•s= 

oa 

o 

y. 

>5 

IT 

8 

V.\i 

42 

UI3 

30 

2110 

50 

401 

70 

295 

50 

83 

22 

250 

30 

■442 

GO 

75 

23 

93 

20 

210 

24 

300 

OS 

-.  33 


0,820 

48.720 

83,810 

94,520 

159,430 

122,900 

22,880 

59,110 

125.800 

32.510 

25,050 

03,000 

75,870 


The  influence  of  New  St.  Louis  at  once  began 
to  be  felt  in  the  street  cars.  As  seen  above. 
Grand  avenue   was  generally  the  terminus  of 


RAPID  TRANSIT  AND  ITS  INFLUENCES. 


73 


railroads  running  west,  and  the  extension  of  llie 
Liudcll  Railway  as  far  as  \'andeventer  a\'eiiue 
by  means  of  a  loop  running  west  on  Del  mar 
avenue,  north  on  Vandeventer,  east  on  Finney 
and  south  on  Grand,  was  regarded  as  quite  a 
work  of  enterprise.  Bobtail  cars — the  popular 
name  for  the  unpopular  diniiiuiti\e  cars,  whose 
drivers  are  compelled  to  act  in  dual  capacity 
as  drivers  and  conductors — were  run,  and,  al- 
thougli  the  road  proved  a  great  con\enience,  it 
was  not  pushed  to  its  full  limit.  The  Market 
street  road  was  also  extended  as  far  as  Forest 
Park,  and  on  Sundays  through  cars  were  run, 
though  during  the  week  the  mucli-despised  bob- 
tail cars  did  duty  on  the  extension. 

St.  Louisans,  visiting  other  cities  and  observ- 
ing the  successful  operation  in  them  of  street 
railroads  operated  by  rapid  transit  in  the  shape 
of  cables,  became  imjjrcssed  with  the  fact  that 
horse  and  nude  traction  was  too  slow  for  a  great 
city  like  St.  lyouis,  and  the  question  of  rapid 
transit  began  to  be  discussed  here  very  freely. 
As  we  have  seen  in  a  preceding  chapter,  the 
railroad  magnates  strongly  objected  to  the  pro- 
posed innovation,  and  a  vigorous  outcrj'  was 
also  raised  by  the  conservative  and  timid  ele- 
ment. It  seems  strange  that  emancipation  from 
the  old  rut  should  have  been  inaugurated  by 
Indianapolis  capitalists,  but  such  was  the  case, 
and  in  ISSI  the  first  franchise  was  granted  for 
a  cable  road.  The  jjromoters  had  acquired  the 
title  and  interest  in  the  narrow-gauge  road 
which  ran  from  the  intersection  of  Grand  avenue 
and  ()li\-e  street  to  the  iuli-resling  city  of  Floris- 
sant, .seventeen  miles  out  in  the  country.  That 
this  road  was  intended  for  much  greater  things 
than  it  had  achieved,  was  evidenced  by  its 
title,  which  was  the  St.  Louis,  Creve  Cocur  ts: 
St.  Charles  Railway  Company,  to  which  cor- 
poration tlie  privileges  were  granted  by  the 
Municipal  Assembly  after  a  bitter  fight. 

Ordinance  No.  12,852,  ap- 
proved by  Mayor  Ewing  in 
IS.s  I ,  should  ever  be  regarded 
by  St.  Louis  property  holders 
and  citizens  with  something  akin  to  veneration, 
because  it  sanctioned  the  fust  step  towards  the 


THE  FIRST 

CABLE    ROAD 

FRANCHISE. 


emancipation  of  the  city  from  the  rule  of  horses 
and  mules  on  its  street  car  tracks,  and  because 
the  work  done  under  it  gave  a  marked  impetus 
to  the  new  growth  of  the  city.  Tlie  franchise 
granted  the  company  permission  to  lay  a  cable 
track  between  the  junction  of  Sixth  and  Locust 
streets  and  the  intersection  of  the  narrow-eauee 
road  with  Morgan  street,  at  a  point  a  little  west 
of  Wandeventer  avenue.  The  precautions  taken 
against  damage  to  the  city  and  private  property 
in  the  construction  of  the  road  were  somewhat 
remarkable,  and  showed  that  the  warnings  of 
those  who  had  jjrophesied  dire  disaster  as  the 
result  of  the  innovation  had  not  been  thrown 
away  on  the  city  legislators.  The  limits  of 
speed  specified  in  the  ordinance  were  also 
indicative  of  the  spirit  of  the  times.  East  of 
Twelfth  street  no  car  was  to  run  faster  than  six 
miles  an  hour;  between  Twelfth  street  and  Gar- 
rison avenue  a  speed  of  seven  miles  was  per- 
mitted, and  west  of  Garrison  avenue  eight  miles 
was  allowed.  These  speed  regulations  would 
have  required  the  use  of  three  different  cables, 
with  drums  at  Twelfth  street  and  also  Garrison 
avenue;  but  before  the  road  was  opened  wise 
counsels  prevailed,  and  a  more  reasonable  uni- 
form speed-liniit  was  made. 

Those  who  resided  in  the  city  at  the  time  will 
remember  with  great  interest  the  construction 
of  this  road.  It  was  built  in  the  most  substantial 
manner  then  possible,  but  by  a  slow,  tedious 
and  expensive  process,  without  the  use  of  the 
devices  of  more  recent  years  which  had  made 
cable-track  laying  far  more  speedy  and  prac- 
ticable. As  an  event  typical  of  the  times,  the 
laying  of  tl)e  first  cable  in  the  conduit  is  worth 
mentioning.  The  local  papers  devoted  to  the 
work  a  large  amount  of  space,  and  considering 
the  immense  crowds  which  witnessed  the  work, 
the  event  was  certainly  one  of  more  than  ordi- 
nary interest.  The  cable  was  placed  in  position 
late  in  the  winter  of  1885-8(5,  and  the  first  cable 
train  was  run  at  tlie  commencement  of  spring 
following.  The  excitement  which  the  experi- 
ment created  will  ever  be  remembered.  On  tlie 
first  Sunday  of  the  road's  operation  it  beat  the 
record    in    the    matter    of    passenger    hauling, 


74 


OLD  AXD  XFAV  ST.  LOU  IS. 


altliougli  its  equipment  was  by  no  means  com- 
plete.    Tlie  popularity  of  the  road  was  so  great 
that  even  after  the  novelty  wore  off,  peojile  will- 
ingly walked  four  or  fi\-e    blocks   out  of  their 
way  to  ride  in  the  cars,  and  a  career  of  extra- 
ortlinary  prosperity  appeared  to  be  certain.   The 
"impossible"  route  added  to  the  difficulties  of 
running  the  road,  but  although  a  great  many 
passengers  were  thrown  into  each  other's  laps, 
and  some  few  were  thrown  on  to  the  sidewalk  at 
the  sharpest  cur\es,  these  little  drawbacks  did 
not  materially  injure  the  road's  traffic  receipts. 
The  most  objectionable  and  dangerous  point  was 
at  Grand  avenue  and  Morgan  street,  where   a 
double  curve  seemed  to  defy  the  efforts  of  the 
engineers  to  devise  means  to  keep  the  cars  on 
the  track.      This  trouble  was  finally  obviated  b\- 
the  purchase  of  the  property  at  the  southeast 
corner,  and  the  moving  several  feet  south  of  the 
house  situated  upon  it,  so  as  to  enable  the  track 
to  be  relaid  without  a  perceptible  curve  at  all. 
The  road's  progress  was  also  interfered  with 
by  a  calamitous  fire,  wdiich  destroyed  its  entire 
equipment  before  it  had  been  in  operation  more 
than  a  year.     Horse  cars  were  run  for  a  short 
time,  and  finally  a  fresh  supply  of  cars  was  ob- 
tained and  traffic  was  resumed.     The  road  was 
finallv  sold,  at  a  handsome  profit  to  the  original 
promoters,  and  it  passed  into  the  control  of  Bos- 
ton capitalists.      Sufficient  money  was  not  spent 
to   keep   up  the   track,   and  the  competition  of 
adjoining   roads  which   in    the   meantime    had 
been  equiinped  with  cable  power,  reduced  the 
earning  capacity  of    the  pioneer    rapid    transit 
road  of  St.  Louis  to  such  an  extent  that  it  passed 
into  the  hands  of  a  receiver.     About  four  years 
ago  Messrs.  Charles  H.  Turner,  S.  M.  Kennard, 
Clark  H.   Sampson    and  other  capitalists  were 
convinced  of  the  possibility  of  reconstructing  the 
road  with  electricity  and  making  it  pay  hand- 
somely.    They  secured  a  controlling  interest  in 
the  corporation,  reorganized  it  as  the  St.  Louis 
&  Suburban  Railroad,  and  at  once  decided  upon 
the  gigantic  enterprise  of  ecjuipping  the  road  its 
entire   length    with    electricit}'.       The  narrow- 
gauge  suburban  service  was  exceedingly  unsat- 
isfactory and  entirely  inadequate,  and  the  reor- 


ganizcrs  determined  to  run  a  double-track 
electric  road  as  far  as  the  city  limits  and  a  sin- 
gle-track electric  road  from  that  jioint  to  Floris- 
sant, the  tracks  to  be  doubled  on  the  county 
section  as  soon  as  the  traffic  justified  the  outlay. 

The    nccessarv   letrisla- 
THE    FIRST    COUNTY       .  ,       .       ',        '^^    , 

tion  was  obtained,  and  the 
ELECTRIC  ROAD.  ,  ,  ,    ,.  '    . 

long  and  tedious  task  com- 
menced. Electric  cars  were  run  as  an  extension 
to  the  cable  service  in  lS!tl ,  and  in  is; 1 2  the  great 
work  was  completed  and  a  through  service  of 
electric  cars  established  between  Sixth  and  Lo- 
cust streets  and  the  city  limits  at  Wells  Station, 
with  an  excellent  county  extension  to  Normandy 
and  Florissant.  This  road  is  now  the  longest 
electric  road  in  the  world  operated  from  one 
power-house,  and  the  enormous  increase  in  its 
receipts  since  the  change  of  motive  power  has 
more  than  justified  the  enterprise  and  anticipa- 
tions of  the  reorganizers. 

The  history  of  this  road  has  been  traced  at 
some  length  because  of  its  exceptional  influence 
on  the  cit}-'s  rapid  transit  facilities  and  also  on 
its  general  growth.  Before  leaving  the  subject, 
it  is  of  interest  to  add  that  in  addition  to  being 
the  longest  electric  road  operated  from  one 
power-house,  it  was  the  road  selected  by  the 
government  for  the  experiment  of  street  railroad 
postal  cars.  The  experiment  has  proved  a  per- 
fect success,  and  now  three  trips  are  made  daih", 
with  sub-postoffices  established  along  the  line 
of  route.  The  delivery  of  mail  is  expedited 
very  largely  by  the  change,  and  national  interest 
has  been  attracted  by  the  experiment,  which, 
however,  can  hardly  be  regarded  as  an  experi- 
ment now.  The  company  already  transacts  a 
freight  and  express  business  west  of  \'andeventer 
avenue,  and  at  an  early  date  this  service  will  be 
extended  down-town. 

But  we  are  somewhat  anticipating  history. 
The  railroad  companies  which  had  opposed  the 
cable  franchise  found  their  worst  fears  fulfilled, 
and  the  traffic  returns  of  parallel  lines  in  IH.Sii 
showed  the  necessity  of  prompt  action.  During 
the  year  nearly  every  road  of  importance  ob- 
tained the  right  to  change  its  motive  power, 
and  the  year  18S7  saw  much  work  done.    Among 


RAl'II)  TRANSIT  AND  J'l S  INFLUENCES. 


lb 


the  first  roads  to  lay  cable,  and  the  first  to  re- 
construct, was  the  Oliye  street  branch  of  the 
Missouri,  which  cabled  its  tracks  riji^ht  out  to 
Forest  Park,  instead  of  having  its  western  ter- 
minus at  (irand  avenue,  as  hitherto.  The  re- 
construction was  a  lengthy  piece  of  work,  but 
it  was  duly  accomplished,  and  subsequently  both 
the  other  sections  of  this  system  have  been 
equipped  as  electric  roads.  This  Missouri  sys- 
tem alone  now  carries  half  a  million  passengers  a 
month,  and  its  business  is  constantly  increasing. 
It  has  just  erected  a  magnificent  depot  and 
pavilion  close  to  the  Blair  statue  in  Forest 
Park  for  the  convenience  of  the  thousands  of 
passengers  its  cars  haul  daily,  and  the  popular- 
ity of  the  route  will  be  still  greater  when  this 
building  is  ready  for  use.  There  are  few  street 
railroad  lines  in  the  country  which  ninso  nearly 
in  a  straight  line,  and  which  traverse  such  a 
thickly  settled  and  highly  improved  territory. 
Starting  from  Fourth  and  Olive,  close  to  the 
Merchants'  Ivxchauge,  and  some  of  the  finest 
oflSce-buildiugs  in  the  city,  it  runs  directly  west 
up  Olive  street,  passing  the  Federal  building  and 
the  Exposition,  and  continuing  on  its  western 
course,  within  a  block  a  great  portion  of  the 
way  of  the  finest  boulevard  and  drive-way  in  St. 
Ivouis.  Although  this  was  one  of  the  first  cable 
railroads  constructed  in  St.  Louis,  it  is  also  the 
most  modern  in  character,  and  the  most  suc- 
cessful in  operation.  No  money  was  spared  in 
building  the  road,  which  is  kept  in  the  higlKst 
state  of  repair,  with  a  power-house  of  unlimited 
capacity,  and  a  determination  on  the  jxirt  of  the 
management  to  provide  accommodation  as  nearly 
perfect  as  possible.  The  cars,  those  used  both 
for  summer  and  winter,  are  excellently  uphol- 
stered, and  are  kept  scrupulously  clean,  while 
the  trains  run  at  such  frequent  intervals  that 
peoj)Ie  wlio  are  in  a  hurry  use  them  even  if  it 
compels  a  walk  of  a  few  extra  blocks.  The  serv- 
ice is  so  excellent  in  every  respect  that,  al- 
though electricity  has  entirely  supplanted  the 
cable  in  the  estimation  of  the  people,  there  is  an 
exception  in  this  instance,  and  the  Olive  street 
road  is  as  much  liked  as  the  best  electric  road 
in  the  cit)'. 


RAPID  TRANSIT 

TO  THE 

PRISCIPAL  PARKS. 


The  ^lissouri  Company 
has  also  an  electric  road 
running  in  a  straight  line  to 
Forest  Park.  This  road, 
formerly  known  as  the  Poorest  Park  &  Laclede 
Railroad,  starts  from  the  southern  front  of  the 
court-house,  and  runs  up  Market  and  Chestnut 
streets,  reaching  the  park  by  the  former  thor- 
oughfare, some  few  blocks  south  of  the  cable 
terminus.  It  is  also  the  only  street  railroad 
corporation  in  St.  Louis  running  to  both  Forest 
Park  and  Tower  Grove  Park,  the  two  most  pop- 
ular recreation  and  breathing  spots  in  the  city. 
Tower  Grove  Park  is  reached  by  the  Missouri 
Company'selectric  road,which  starts  from  Fourth 
and  Market  and  runs  by  a  very  direct  route  to 
Shaw's  Garden,  being  in  fact  the  only  railroad 
which  carries  passengers  right  to  the  gates  of 
the  great  botanical  garden  which  has  made  St. 
Louis  popular  and  famous  among  students  of 
natural  beauty  e\crywliere.  The  western  ter- 
minus of  this  road  is  at  the  northern  entrance 
to  Tower  Grove  Park,  and  its  passengers  thus 
have  the  advantage  of  reaching  both  the  garden 
and  the  parks  without  change  of  cars  or  delay 
of  anv  kind. 

Siuuiltaneously  with  the  cabling  of  the  Olive 
street  road,  the  Citizens'  Railroad  was  changed 
to  cable.  Nor  was  this  all.  Easton  avenue  be- 
tween Prairie  avenue  and  King's  Highway  was 
neither  impro\-ed  nor  graded,  and  the  company 
jiroposed  as  a  matter  of  course  to  lay  its  con- 
duits only  as  far  as  city  improvements  made 
it  possil)le.  The  property  owners,  however, 
clubbed  together  and  had  the  street  graded  to 
King's  Highway.  The  company  was  a  party  to 
the  transaction,  made  King's  Highway  its  west- 
ern cable  terminus,  and  thereby  doubled  and 
trebled  the  value  of  projicrty  along  the  avenue. 
The  company's  liranch  to  the  Fair  Grounds  was 
also  cal)Ied,  but  in  l.s;i;5  the  conduit  was  removed 
and  electric  power  substituted;  another  tribute 
to  the  conquering  tendency  of  the  latest  of 
modern  inventions.  Under  the  same  manage- 
ment as  the  Citizens'  are  the  Cass  Avenue, 
Northern  Central  and  Union  lines,  to  all  of 
which  reference  has  already  been  made,  and  all 


7(5 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.    LOUIS. 


of  wliicli  were  equipped  with  electriciu-  ilniing 
181)2.  The  combined  system  serves  the  north- 
west portion  of  the  city  very  thoroughly,  and 
hauls  immense  numbers  of  passengers  to  the 
Fair  Grounds  and  races. 

One  of  the  most  indispensable,  and,  as  we  have 
seen,  one  of  the  very  oldest  roads  in  the  city  is 
the  Broadwa)-.  Unlike  the  other  roads  referred 
to,  which  run  more  or  less  east  and  west,  this 
road  runs  from  north  to  south,  connecting  the 
manufacturing  section  of  North  St.  Louis  with 
the  manufacturing  and  brewing  section  of  South 
St.  Louis,  and  passing  through  not  only  the 
business  section  of  the  city,  but  also  through 
some  of  its  most  thickly  settled  residence  wards. 
Although  before  this  road  was  reconstructed  for 
rapid  transit,  electric  roads  had  established  their 
popularity,  the  immense  number  of  trains  to  be 
run  over  the  track  made  the  management  prefer 
a  cable,  which  was  laid  during  the  years  1)S89 
and  1890.  The  cabling  of  the  road  was  a  very 
costly  undertaking,  but  the  work  was  done  in 
the  most  efficient  manner  possible,  and  the  road 
is  a  model  in  every  respect.  Visitors  to  St.  Louis 
who  desire  to  visit  the  new  Merchants'  bridge, 
the  old  and  the  new  water-works,  the  cemeteries, 
all  in  the  northern  section  of  the  city,  find  the 
Broadway  cable  convenient  for  the  purpose; 
wdiile  it  is  also  a  popular  route  to  the  great 
breweries  of  the  south  end. 

The  I^indell,  or  Washington  avenue,  Railroad 
was  among  the  first  to  feel  the  influence  of  rapid 
transit  competition,  as  the  new  cable  road  paral- 
leled its  line  within  a  few  blocks  almost  its 
entire  length.  Experiments  were  tried  in  18,S7 
with  a  storage  battery  electric  car,  which,  how- 
ever, was  not  a  success.  Shortly  afterwards  j\Ir. 
George  D.  Capen  and  other  local  capitalists 
secured  control  of  the  road,  and  having  unlimited 
faith  in  the  future  of  St.  Louis  proceeded  at  once 
to  map  out  what  looked  like  a  daring  scheme, 
not  only  of  reconstruction,  but  also  of  extension. 
Electric  power  was  selected  as  the  motor,  and 
the  main  line  track  was  extended  on  Finney 
avenue  as  far  west  as  Taylor.  From  this  point 
two  branches  were  constructed,  one  running  on 
Uelmar  boulevard  to  DeBaliviere    avenue   and 


INTRODUCTION 

OF  THE 

TRANSFER  SYSTEM. 


then  south  into  Forest  Park,  where  a  magnifi- 
cent paxilion  has  been  constructed  pro\i(ling  a 
handsome  ornament  to  the  park,  and  being  of 
immense  convenience  to  passengers  visiting  the 
cit\'s  great  breathing  ground  and  pleasure 
resort.  The  other  branch  was  constructed  out 
west  on  Page  boulevard,  jiierciug  a  district 
hitherto  a  stranger  to  street  railroad  facilities  of 
any  kind.  The  enterprise  of  the  road  did  not  stop 
at  this  point.  Recognizing  that  St.  Louis  was  in 
need  of  north  and  south  railroads,  or  cross-town 
lines,  the  management  obtained  municipal  legis- 
lation and  proceeded  to  construct,  some  three 
)'ears  ago,  the  Vandeventer  a\-enue  line,  which 
connects  the  l-'air  Grounds  with  the  Mill  Creek 
Valley  tracks. 

The  opening  of  this 
road  was  a  matter  of  spe- 
cial interest  to  St.  Louis, 
because  for  the  first  time 
it  introduced  into  the  cit\-  on  a  comprehensive 
scale  a  system  of  transfers,  whereby  a  passenger 
can  make  a  continuous  journey  by  more  than 
one  car  without  paying  an  additional  fare.  Dur- 
ing 1893  the  company  has  also  completed  and 
opened  a  street  railroad  on  Taylor  avenue  from 
its  junction  with  Finnc)-  into  the  northwestern 
wards,  with  the  intention  of  extending  it  at  an 
early  date  to  the  cemeteries  on  the  north  and 
the  railroad  tracks  on  the  south.  Also,  during 
1893,  it  has  opened  a  new  road  passing  the  new 
l^nion  Station,  crossing  the  Fvighteenth  street 
bridge  and  providing  facilities  for  residents  in 
the  Comptou  Hill  district.  It  also  has  a  second 
road  to  F'orest  Park  via  Chouteau  avenue,  and 
has  altogether  one  of  the  most  comprehensive 
and  extensive  street  railroad  S}'stems  in  the 
United  States.  Its  power-house  is  one  of  the 
largest  in  the  world,  and  it  has  also  ex- 
cited the  interest  of  street  railroad  men  every- 
where by  its  patented  vestibule  street  car,  which 
affords  easy  ingress  and  egress  through  a  vesti- 
bule in  the  center  of  what  is  really  a  combina- 
tion of  two  full-sized  electric  cars.  No  returns 
are  available  for  the  entire  Lindell  system. 
During  the  third  quarter  of  LS93  it  carried 
nearly  4,0UU,U0U  passengers,  and  its  completed 


RAJ'//)   -JR.IXS/T  AA'/J  ITS  INFLUENCES. 


11 


system  is  probal)l\'  carryiiii^  at  least  I,."i00,(l00 
passengers  iiioutlil\-. 

Another  road  wliicli  has  obtaini-d  rnnniut,^ 
powers  past  the  new  Union  Station  is  the  Union 
Depot  Company,  which  now  embraces  not  only 
the  numerous  roads  running  into  the  southern 
wards,  but  also  the  iMouud  City  Railroad  and 
the  Benton  &  Bellefontaine  Railroad.  This  gi- 
gantic SN'stem  of  railroads,  with  upwards  of 
sixty  miles  of  electric  track,  thus  runs  from  ihe 
extreme  south  of  the  city  to  the  cemeteries  in 
the  extreme  northwest,  with  branches  in  almost 
every  direction,  and  a  system  of  transfers  which 
enables  passengers  to  traxel  right  through  and 
across  the  city  for  one  fare.  Its  latest  extension 
is  now  nearly  completed.  It  intersects  the 
highest  ground  in  Caroudelet,  and  affords  un- 
limited facilities  for  trans^Jortation.  No  road 
has  a  more  interesting  history  than  this  great 
system  and  the  parts  wdiich  help  to  make  up 
the  whole.  In  its  early  da\s  all  the  hardships 
of  bobtail  bars  and  insufficient  service  were  felt, 
but  during  the  last  few  years  these  complaints 
ha\e  all  been^  rendered  unnecessary,  and  the 
equipment  is  now  excellent.  The  power-house 
from  which  these  different  branches  are  oper- 
ated is  of  exceptional  size,  and  its  capacity  is 
taxed  to  the  uttermost.  R.y  its  absorption  of  the 
Mound  City  and  Iknton  iS:  Bellefontaine  roads, 
the  company  also  acquired  two  other  large 
power-houses.  The  business  transacted  by  the 
roads  in  this  system  is  ucarK ,  if  not  quite, 
20, 000, ()()()  passengers  per  annum. 

A  coMPARisoy  nnrwEES       '^^  ^'.^"I^''-"^  ^^^"^- 

road,  originally  ccni- 
TtlE  kOADS  OF  ^        »    1  r    T     /       .. 

structed  to  Lafavette 
OLD  ASD  ^'E^y  ST.  LOUIS,     p^^^j^^    ^^.^^     ^^;,^,^.^, 

some  three  years  ago  and  extended  along  Grand 
avenue  to  Ttfwer  (Iroxe  Park.  Now  an  electric 
road  is  being  constructed  along  (Iraiid  avenue, 
connecting  the  various  roads  which  run  on  or 
across  that  thoroughfare,  and  providing  a  third 
parallel  cross-town  road  of  great  usefulness.  .\t 
the  present  time  there  are  in  the  city  '2-10  miles 
of  street  railway  in  actual  operation,  and  -i;5 
more  in  course  of  construction.  In  other  words, 
earl v  in    l^'.^l  there  will  be  about  iii'ii  miles  of 


street  railroads  in  operation,  as  compared  with 
less  than  UO  miles  in  l.s«2.  This  wonderful 
increase  in  itself  is  a  striking  tribute  to  the 
growth  and  imijortance  and  wealtli  of  New  St. 
Louis,  and  it  would  be  so  if  the  question  of 
mileage  alone  were  considered.  But  the  in- 
crease in  value  has  been  far  greater  than  the 
increase  in  mileage,  because,  while  in  ISS2  the 
tracks  were  laid  as  cheaply  as  possible,  and  the 
nioli\e  power  was  horses  and  mules,  the  roads 
in  18!)3  are  equipped  in  the  most  costly  manner 
known,  and  the  motive  power  is  more  than  two- 
thirds  electricity,  with  about  forty-three  miles 
of  cable  road. 

The  enterprise  of  the  railroad  magnates  has 
been  more  than  rewarded,  for  the  traffic  has  in- 
creased in  a  most  remarkable  manner.  In  1885, 
the  last  year  of  the  horse-car  reign,  the  number 
of  passengers  carried  by  the  St.  Louis  street  rail- 
roads was  a  trifle  in  excess  of  41, 000, (»()().  Esti- 
mating population  at  this  stage  at  410,000,  each 
inhabitant  of  the  cit\',  on  an  average,  rode  in  a 
street  car  a  hundred  times  during  the  year.  In 
1891  the  number  of  passengers  carried  had  in- 
creased about  100  per  cent,  and  in  l><!t2thenum- 
l)er  of  passengers  carried  amounted  tolil,.")00,00(). 
In  other  words,  the  average  number  of  rides 
I  akin  by  every  inhabitant  of  St.  Louis  was 
about  200  during  the  year.  The  returns  for 
l^il'iJ  are  not  yet  complete,  but  they  will  cer- 
tainly approximate  100,000,000  for  the  year. 
The  total  for  the  first  six  months  was  more  than 
.18,000,000,  and  the  following  table  gives  the 
traffic  for  the  quarter  ending  October  1: 


Miles 

Number  of 

XumlKT  of 

Operated 

Trl|« 
Made. 

K«ris 

October  1. 

Collvcifd. 

Union  I>ei>nt 

55 

158.8B7 

4,612,.404 

LincUll 

■41 

32;},2-42 

3.s45,;i:iG 

Missouri 

24 

2U7,tlOO 

3.712.257 

St.  I.ouis 

20 

:jii,-440 

3.1M17.721 

Citizens' 

In 

185,210 

2  2l:!.70;{ 

C:iss  .Xvrnui- 

27 

150,St)0 

2.121.410 

St.  Louis  &  Suburban 

I'.l 

3:?.si;;i 

2,0.")7.I76 

Soulbi-rn 

15 

8S.500 

l.520.:tor 

IVoplo's 

10 

r)S.IMI4 

l,260.(i7S 

Jefferson    \v<  iim- 

■^ 

23,116 

6tl5.413 

Uailen 

6,720 

127.1140 

This  shows  a  total  of   more  tlian  2.'),000,000 
passengers  carried  during  the  quarter. 


78 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


RAPID  TRANSIT 
A.\D 


It  only  needs  a  glance  at  the 
city  map  to-day  and  the  maps 
as  published  ten  years  ago,  to 
THE  CITY  MAP.     ^^^  j^^^^  remarkable  has  been 

the  influence  of  rapid  transit  on  the  building  up 
of  the  city.  Those  visiting  St.  Louis  during  the 
years  1.S1)2  and  isy3,  after  an  absence  from  the 
city  of  eight  or  ten  years,  have  been  astounded 
at  the  changes  effected.  Specific  reference  has 
already  been  made  to  the  effect  of  the  cable  con- 
struction on  Eastou  avenue.  This  thoroughfare 
was  little  more  than  a  country  road  ten  years 
ago.  The  single-track  street  car  line  was  laid 
on  one  side  of  the  road,  and  the  service  was  any- 
thing but  satisfactory.  There  were  a  few  stores 
on  the  street,  but  they  were  general  country 
stores,  without  specialties  in  any  line.  To-day 
Easton  avenue  is  one  of  the  most  important 
thoroughfares  in  the  city.  It  forms  part  of  the 
direct  road  from  the  ■Mississippi  river  at  St. 
L,ouis  to  the  Missouri  river  at  St.  Charles,  and, 
thanks  to  the  influence  of  the  cable,  that  portion 
of  the  St.  Charles  rock  road  which  is  now 
known  as  Easton  avenue,  is  a  busy  thorough- 
fare, with  hundreds  of  stores  and  private  dwell- 
ings. Several  attempts  have  been  made  to  state 
in  figures  what  benefit  the  cable  road  has  been 
to  Easton  avenue,  but  sufficient  data  are  not  at 
hand  to  make  any  calculation  approximately  ac- 
curate. It  is  certain,  ho\ve\-cr,  that  property 
which  could  n()t  be  sold  at  $10  a  foot  before 
the  reconstruction,  now  has  buyers  in  abund- 
ance at  STjO,  ${)0  and  $70,  with  higher  prices 
for  corners.  Farther  out  on  Easton  avenue 
where  property  ten  years  ago  could  be  l)ou-ght 
by  the  acre,  $20,  .*25  and  $''>0  a  foot  is  now 
paid. 

The  general  equipment  of  the  roads  running 
due  west  with  rajDid  transit  facilities,  and  their 
extension  beyond  Grand  avenue,  has  remodeled 
that  section  of  the  city  which  lies  west  of  Vari- 
deventer  a\"enue  and  north  of  b'orest  Park.  In 
the  old  days  this  exceptionally  desirable  prop- 
erty was  inaccessible  except  to  those  who  owned 
carriages.  Even  in  1885  there  was  no  street 
car  accommodation  in  the  district  named  west 
of  ^'andeventer  avenue.     The  enterprise  of  the 


St.  Louis  S:  Suburban  and  Lindell  Companies,  as 
well  as  the  cabling  and  extension  of  the  Olive 
street  line,  has  made  this  property  as  easy  of 
access  as  it  was  formerly  difficult.  The  result 
has  been  a  complete  transformation.  The  streets 
and  boulevards  between  \'aiule\enter  and  Ta\  lor 
avenues  are  all  built  up  with  costly  improve- 
ments, including  elegant  numsious,  while  west 
of  Taylor  avenue  the  number  of  delightful  homes 
is  constantly  increasing.  \\'est  of  King's  High- 
way, in  old  horse-car  days,  the  territory  was  un- 
explored and  unknown.  There  were  se\eral 
large  country  mansions  with  extensive  grounds, 
but  as  a  residence  section  for  the  masses  it  had 
\et  to  be  born.  Encouraged  by  the  railroad 
companies,  acre  after  acre  has  been  covered  with 
attracti\"e  homes,  the  Cabanue  and  Chamberlain 
Park  districts  vying  with  any  in  the  country  for 
beauty  and  elegance. 

The  conversion  of  the  horse  car  lines  running 
south  and  southwest  has  also  transformed  those 
sections  of  the  city.  It  was  formerly  so  difficult 
to  get  to  Carondelet  that  most  people  li\'iug  in 
St.  Louis  knew  little  or  nothing  concerning  the 
beauties  of  this  section  of  the  city.  The  high, 
healthy  ground  is  now  being  built  up  with  res- 
idences of  all  descriptions,  and,  thanks  to  the 
admirable  street  railroad  facilities,  the  popula- 
tion is  being  increased  at  a  surprising  rate.  In 
the  northwest  and  the  north,  the  street  railroads 
have  opened  up  se\-eral  square  miles  of  hitherto 
inaccessible  property.  The  improvements  are 
continuing,  and,  indeed,  the  good  work  of  the 
ra])id  transit  roads  in  this  direction  is  }'et  in  its 
infancw  In  no  respect  does  New  vSt.  Louis 
differ  in  appearance  fronr  Old  vSt.  Louis  more 
than  in  its  residences  and  residence  sections,  and 
the  change  has  been  brought  about  almost  en- 
tirely by  rapid  transit. 

One  more  influ- 
ence of  inipro\ed 
street  railroad  facili- 
ties must  be  re- 
corded. The  St.  Louis  &  Suburljan  electric 
road,  as  already  mentioned,  runs  as  far  into  the 
county  as  Florissant,  and  all  along  the  line  of 
its    route    it    has   built    up    suburban    districts. 


POSSIBILITY 

OF  AN  EXTENSION  OF  THE 

CITY  LIMITS. 


SOME  AIDS  TO  /'A'OC/A'ESS. 


79 


Nominally,  Normandy  and  Ramona  are  both  in 
the  connty,  bnt  practically  they  are  part  of  St. 
Louis.  Powers  have  also  been  obtained  to  con- 
struct electric  roads  into  various  other  sections 
of  the  county.  A  road  has  already  been  finished 
to  Clayton,  the  county  seat,  and  two  other  cor- 
porations have  been  formed  to  construct  rail- 
roads, to  be  operated  by  electricity,  throu>;h  the 
strictly  urban  section  of  the  county  west  and 
southwest  of  the  cit\-.  As  a  result  of  this,  it  is 
pro])osed  to,  as  early  as  jjossible,  extend  the  city 
limits  so  as  to  take  in  Jefferson  Barracks  on  the 
soulli,  Kirkwood  on  the  southwest,  Clayton  on 
the  west  and  Ferguson  on  the  northwest. 

The  new  limits  as  thus  projjosed  would  add 
an  area  to  the  city  of  about  ;")!,:?()()  acres,  or 
eighty  square  miles.  It  wnulil  bring  in  all  the 
svibnrban  towns  fostered  by  jjresent  aiul  ])rojected 
electric  roads,  including  Ferguson,  Woodland, 
Normandy,  Jennings  Heights,  Ramona,  College 


View,  O'I'allon,  Clayton,  Rosedale,  Kirkwood, 
Glendale,  Web.ster,  Luxemburg  and  Jefferson 
Barracks,  and  within  the  area  named  there  is  a 
])opulation  of  nearly,  if  not  more  than,  .^0,000. 
The  jiresent  financial  condition  of  that  portion 
of  vSt.  Louis  county  included  in  the  limits  named 
greatly  simplifies  the  question  of  annexation. 
Jf  the  boundaries  named  above  should  be  adopted 
the  city  would  have  an  area  of  8!i,!M)2  acres,  or 
about  140  sqiuire  miles.  It  would  add,  at  a 
low  estimate,  .-f::^."), 0(10, ()(>()  innncdiately  to  the 
taxable  values,  jielding  a  re\enue  of  about 
!5.')00,()00.  The  proposed  line  has  been  drawn 
so  as  to  continue  along  the  high  ground,  and 
within  five  years  much  of  the  new  territory 
would  be  the  most  desirable  property  in  the 
city.  The  rapid  transit  to  suburban  localities  is 
the  best  in  the  United  States,  and  whether  the 
territory  is  annexed  or  not  it  will  practically  be 
a  part  of  the  city  within  a  short  time. 


SOME     AIDS     TO     PROGRESS. 

THE   VEILED   PROPHET.  AUTUMNAL   FESTIVITIES   ASSOCIATION,  ILLUMINATIONS,  EXPOSITION 
AND   l-AIR.-CONVENTIONS.-COMMERCIAL  ORGANIZATIONS. 


'HI-:  HISTORY  OF  CITIFS,  ancient  and 
nuxlern,  fails  to  record  a  duplicate  to 
the  enterprise  of  New  St.  Louis  in  the 
matter  of  entertaining  strangers  and 
pro\-i(ling  huishly  for  their  annisement. 
It  was  in  1S7S  that  the  \'eilcd  Prophet 
commenced  his  series  of  annual  \-isits  to  St. 
Louis,  and  from  the  first  these  visits  have  Ijeen 
made  the  basis  of  hospitality  of  the  most  lavish 
character.  The  mystery  of  the  Veiled  Prophet 
has  been  kepi  entire  finiu  the  first,  and  although 
it  is  generallv  known  that  the  enormous  expense 
of  the  pageant  and  ball  is  borne  by  a  secret  organ- 
ization composed  of  the  jirincipal  capitali.sts, 
uuinufaeturers  and  uiei chants  of  St.  Louis,  their 


exact  identity  is  a  matter  of  surmise,  and  the 
correctness  of  the  guesses  need  not  be  discussed. 
Certain  it  is  that  the  men  who  thought  out  and 
then  raised  the  UKiney  to  carry  out  the  idea, 
ha\  e  contribmed  nol)ly  tt)wards  the  city's  re-birth 
and  second  growth,  and  that  they  have  earned 
the  good- will  of  all.  The  pass- word  of  the 
Wiled  Prophet  is, or  should  be,  "unselfishness." 
The  idea  is  a  beautiful  one,  for  it  is  borrowed 
from  ancient  or  legendaPk-  history,  and  is  de- 
signed to  perpetuate  the  poetic  story,  which 
ought  to  be  true  if  it  isn't,  that  tliere  u.sed  to 
exist  a  Veiled  Projihet  who  was  surrounded  only 
by  whole-souled  men  who  ga\e  up  their  lives 
to  good  works.     Before  the  circle  of  followers 


80 


OLD  AND  NI-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


WHAT  THE 

VEILED    PROPHET 

HAS  DOSE. 


was  enlarged,  the  iiew-coiiicr  was  compelled  to 
look  into  a  niaj^ic  mirror  which  laid  bare  to 
the  prophet's  <j;aze  his  very  thoujjhts  and  feel- 
ings. Hence  the  conrt  was  made  np  of  gener- 
ons,  open-hearted  men,  de\'oted  to  the  service  of 
their  fellows. 

It  is  very  much  the  same 
with  the  Veiled  Prophet's 
Association.  The  members 
snbscribe  freely  to  the  ex- 
pense account,  bnt  do  not  take  their  reward 
b\'  means  of  printed  and  advertised  subscrip- 
tion lists;  indeed,  no  man  can  be  found  who 
will  admit  having  donated  a  single  dollar  to 
the  annual  pageants.  Millions  of  visitors  ha\-e 
come  in  to  see  the  sixteen  annual  parades, 
and  thousands  have  tripped  the  light  fantastic 
toe  at  the  grand  balls.  It  seems  a  trifle  debas- 
ing to  try  to  reduce  to  a  cash  basis  the  benefit 
the  city  has  derived  from  the  visits  and  the 
festivities.  In  the  first  place,  they  have  lifted 
St.  Louis  out  of  a  rut  and  broken  down  that 
Chinese  wall  which  was  always  thought  to  en- 
circle what  was  even  then  the  metropolis  of  the 
Mississipi^i  \'alley.  Then,  they  have  made 
hundreds  of  thousands  of  jieople  acquainted  with 
the  city,  and  have  fostered  th.e  habit  of  annual 
\-isits  to  it.  IJoth  these  influences  ha\-e  been 
of  almost  incalculable  value;  but  when  the 
prophet's  power  was  used  to  raise  New  St.  Louis 
out  of  the  old  city,  the  true  force  and  value  of 
that  power  came  to  be  appreciated.  The  part 
played  by  the  prophet  in  this  work  has  alread)- 
been  discussed,  and  need  not  be  enlarged  upon 
here.  The  good  work  has  continued  year  after 
}-ear  until  in  the  fall  of  1898  there  seemed  to  be 
a  feeling  that  the  prophet  had  outlived  his  use- 
fulness, and  that  St.  Louis  was  too  important  a 
city  for  the  annual  pageant.  At  first  it  was 
thought  that  this  feeling  was,  if  not  general,  at 
least  extensive,  and  it  was  semi-officially  an- 
nounced that  the  Veiled  Prophet  would  appear 
no  more.  The  outcry  that  followed  showed  that 
the  sentiment  was  held  only  by  the  element,  to 
be  found  in  every  city,  which  is  much  more 
ready  to  criticize  than  to  invent  or  work,  and  it 
is   now   generally    understood   that  the   \'eiled 


Prophet   will    appear    next    October,    as    usual. 

A  detailed  description  of  the  annual  pageant 
would  be  impossible,  nor  is  it  jiracticable  to  de- 
scribe the  annual  balls  at  which  the  wealth  and 
beauty,  not  only  of  St.  Louis  and  the  West,  but 
also  of  the  P^ast,  are  represented.  It  is  no  ex- 
aggeration to  say  that  thousands  of  society  men 
and  women  look  forward  to  the  event  with 
excitement  for  months  before  it  takes  place,  nor 
is  it  too  much  to  say  that  the  annual  ball  is 
absolutely  nni([ue.  Beyond  this  and  a  ])assing 
reference  to  the  beauty  of  the  in\-itations  and 
programmes,  nothing  can  be  said  here. 

More  space  must  be  devoted  to  the  illumina- 
tions which  have  made  St.  Louis  famous  all  over 
two  continents.  Some  little  work  in  street  illumi- 
nation was  done  when  the  prophet  first  appeared, 
but  it  was  not  until  l<SfS2,  the  year  so  marked 
b\-  changes  from  old  to  new,  that  St.  Louis 
first  illuminated  its  streets  in  a  comprehensive 
manner.  The  sum  of  $20,000  was  subscribed 
for  the  purpose,  and  the  illumination  committee 
of  that  year  had  a  task  of  no  small  magnitude  to 
overcome,  for  it  had  to  originate  as  well  as  to 
perfect.  So  far  as  the  United  States  was  con- 
cerned, St.  Louis  was  the  pioneer  in  the  matter  of 
street  illuminations,  no  other  city  ha\-ing  made 
an  effort  in  the  direction,  and  it  became  necessary 
to  look  to  Europe  for  hints  and  ideas.  Careful 
inquiry  in  Paris  showed  that  in  even  the  gay 
P'rench  capital  nothing  had  been  attempted  on 
anything  approaching  the  scale  determined 
upon  in  St.  Louis,  and  even  the  much-talked-of 
illuminations  of  Brussels  and  \'enice  were  ex- 
perimental and  insignificant  compared  with  the 
new  western  idea.  In  London,  Japanese  lan- 
terns and  an  occasional  colored  globe,  constituted 
the  idea  of  street  beautification  by  night;  and 
the  St.  Louisans  who  had  crossed  the  Atlantic  in 
search  of  information  and  designs  returned  with 
very  little  of  the  former  and  still  less  of  the  latter, 
the  fact  having  been  demonstrated  that  the  ap- 
parently primiti\'e  efforts  of  the  preceding  year 
in  St.  Louis  had  excelled  the  best  on  record  in 
the  carni\al  cities  of  the  Old  World,  besides 
having  been  entirely  without  precedent  in  those 
of  the  New. 


SOME  AIDS  TO  PROGRESS. 


81 


STREET 
ILLUMINATIOS'S. 


It  is  fortunate  for  St.  Louis, 
and  also  for  the  United  States, 
tliat  there  was  nothinjr  found 
worth  copyiuj^  in  tlic  carui\al  cities  of  Europe, 
for  the  Carnival  Cit)'  of  America  proceeded  at 
once  to  originate,  and  to  spring  at  one  bound 
into  the  lead  as  an  entertaining  city,  achieving, 
even  twelve  years  ago,  a  triumph  it  could 
have  scarcely  hoped  for  had  it  followed  in  the 
wake  of  other  cities  instead  of  leading  the  way 
itself.  Twenty  thousand  dollars  having  been 
subscribed  in  1)S82,  one  hundred  and  fort)'  skilled 
plumbers  were  engaged,  and  gas-pipes  and 
arches  were  placed  along  and  o\er  the  sidewalks 
and  across  the  streets.  Twenty-one  thousand 
globes  of  different  colors  were  purchased,  and 
for  the  distance  of  about  forty-four  blocks  in  the 
business  section  everything  was  got  in  readiness 
for  a  magnificent  display  and  for  a  dazzling  show 
of  many-shaded  lights. 

The  most  sanguine  exjK-ctatious  of  the  pro- 
moters of  the  enterprise  were  more  than  real- 
ized, for  tens  of  thousands  of  spectators  gazed 
with  admiration   on   the   display  evening  after 
evening,    and  hundreds  of    European   tourists, 
who  were  attracted  by  the  novelty  and  magni- 
tude of  the  undertaking,  pronounced  it  the  most 
gorgeous    street   spectacle   they  had   e\er  wit- 
nessed, and  so  infinitely  superior  to  the  best  Old 
World  productions  as  to  make  anything  in  the 
nature  of    comparison  out  of  the  question.      A 
well-known  official  of  the  Crystal  Palace  at  Syd- 
enham, near  London,  England,  was  among  the 
visitors  who  enjoyed  the  first  grand  street  illu- 
mination the  world  had  ever  seen,  and   his  ver- 
dict was  that  not   even  in  the  Crystal    Palace 
grounds,  nor  in  the  gardens  at  South  Kensing- 
ton, had  any  approach  towards  such  magnificence 
been  made.     Other  visitors  of  equal  experience 
endorsed  this  expression  of  ajijiroxal,  and  no  one 
has  yet  been  found  to  express  a  contrary  opin- 
ion.     In  1.sm:'>  the  ilhnuinations   were  repeated, 
and   the  area  covered  being  increased  several 
blocks;  and  in  the  two  following  years  the  work 
of  improvement  went  steadily  on.     In  ISSi;,  the 
year  of  the  Knights  Templars  Conclave   at   St. 
Louis,  upwards  of  $22,()()(t  was  collected  and  ex- 

6 


THE 

AUTUM\AL  FESTIVITIES 

ASSOCIATION. 


pendcd  in  illuminations,  which  were  made  more 
dazzling  than  ever  by  the  free  use  of  electric 
lights.  In  I^s7  the  gathering  of  the  Grand 
Army,  followed  by  the  visit  of  President  and 
Mrs.  Cleveland,  stimulated  St.  Louisans  to 
.still  greater  efforts;  the  subscription  exceeded 
$2(), ()()(),  and  the  streets  were  rendered  more  daz- 
zling than  ever. 

This  feature  was  continued,  and  the  plan  of 
illuminatiuu  gradualh'  im])ri)ved  until  the  end  of 
the  eighties,  when  the  imi)ression  spread  that 
the  illumination  had  .served  its  purpose,  and  for 
two  years  this  feature  was  omitted.  The  re- 
sult was  something  like  what  happens  to  a  bus- 
iness man  who,  having  achieved  a  reputation  by 
advertising,  suddenly  comes  to  the  conclusion 
that  he  is  spending  too  much  money  and  shuts 
down  on  ad\ertising  expense.  Such  a  man  gen- 
erally resumes  advertising  quickly  on  a  more  lib- 
eral scale  than  ever.     So  did  St.  Louis. 

In  1891  a  mass-meet- 
ing was  held,  which  is 
probably  without  a  par- 
allel in  the  world's  his- 
tory. It  was  called  by  the  proclamation  of  the 
Veiled  Prophet.  The  object  of  the  meeting  was 
to  raise  $1,000, 000  to  be  expended  during  the 
World's  Fair  period  for  the  general  good  of  the 
city.  Mr.  Samuel  M.  Kennard  presided  at  the 
meeting,  and  the  attendance  was  large  and  rep- 
resentative. Indeed,  the  element  which  liad 
succeeded  in  establishing  New  St.  Louis  was 
present  in  full  force,  although  there  were  plenty 
of  old  men  for  counsel,  as  well  as  young  men 
for  war.  The  objects  in  \icw  were  largely 
three-fold.  One,  which  may  be  described  as  the 
immediate  outward  and  visible  sign  of  the  pro- 
posed work,  took  the  shape  of  festivities  for  the 
current  and  two  following  years  of  a  character 
never  before  attcmiitcd  in  St.  Louis,  the  idea  be- 
ing to  celelnalc  the  Columbian  quadro-centcnary 
on  the  streets  of  St.  Louis.  The  second  object  of 
the  proposed  association  was  to  .secure  the  erec; 
tion  of  a  new  fire-proof  hotel  to  cost  not  less 
than  $1,000,000,  and  the  proposed  association 
was  authorized  to  offer  a  bonus  for  this  purpose. 
It  was  also  designed  to  spend  about  one-third  of 


82 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


the  money  raised  in  advcrlisin;:^  vSt.  I^uuis  in  a 
dignified  manner, and  lhiisc'nlit;litcnin!^llie  world 
as  to  the  progress  made  by  the  city  since  it  de- 
cided to  throw  off  all  allegiance  to  tradition  and 
to  map  out  for  itself  a  new  career  as  the  futnre 
metropolis  of  the  mid-continent. 

The  success  of  the  meeting  was  remarkable. 
Jnst  as,  more  than  forty  years  ago,  a  few  public- 
sj^irited  St.  Lonisans  met  together  and  made  the 
construction  of  a  railroad  into  the  city  a  possi- 
bility, so  did  a  larger  number  of  large  and  small 
capitalists  in  May,  ISiU,  insure  the  success  of 
an  enterprise  at  least  as  important  and  daring. 
It  was  not  expected  that  the  million  dollars 
would  be  raised  in  the  room,  but  a  very  splendid 
beginning  was  made.  Two  subscriptions,  each 
for  $10, ()()(),  were  announced,  followed  by  others 
of  $7,.")U0,  SJ,()UO  and  smaller  sums.  A  spirit  of 
enthusiasm  was  spread  over  the  meeting,  which 
soon  extended  o\-er  the  cit)-  and  guaranteed  the 
success  of  the  movement.  Before  the  meeting 
adjourned  the  St.  Louis  Autumnal  Festi\ities 
Association  was  formed,  with  the  following  offi- 
cers: President,  S.  M.  Kennard;  first  vice-presi- 
dent, E.  O.  Stanard;  second  vice-president, 
F.  A.  Wann;  third  vice-president,  John  S. 
Moffitt;  fourth  vice-president,  Rolla  Wells;  fifth 
vice-president,  Clark  A.  Sampson;  secretar\-, 
Frank  Gaiennie;  treasurer.  Walker  Hill;  execu- 
tive committee,  A.  D.  Brown,  R.  P.  Tansey, 
D.  D.  Walker,  J.  C.  Wilkinson,  S.  C.  Bunn, 
Jacob  Furth,  W.  T.  Haydock,  M.  C.  Wetmore, 
W.  F.  Nolker,  George  E.  Leighton,  T.  B.  Boyd, 
Charles  M.  Hays,  Goodman  King,  C.  D.  IMc- 
Clure,  M.  Bernheimer,  T.  K.  Niedringhaus, 
H.  J.  Meyer,  Jonathan  Rice,  August  Gehner, 
J.J.  Krehcr,  C.  H.  Turner,  L.  D.  Kingsland, 
H.  C.  Townsend,  R.  M.  Scruggs,  Festus  J. 
Wade,  Jerome  Hill,  A.  T.  Kelley,  George  D. 
Barnard,  D.  S.  Holmes,  W.  H.  Woodward, 
Patrick  McGrath,  J.  Specht,  W.  H.  Thompson 
and  George  W.  Wright. 

Six  committees  were  formed  to  deal  respect- 
ively with  finance,  advertising,  transportation, 
programme,  illumination  and  hotel.  Mr.  John 
S.  Moffitt,  who  had  been  at  the  head  of  most  of 
the  collecting  funds  for  illuminations   in  prior 


years,  was  appointed  chairman  of  the  finance 
cciiiimitUe,  which  at  once  proceeded  to  attempt 
the  so-called  impossible  task  of  raising  enough 
money  to  carry  out  the  plans  of  the  promoters 
of  the  organization.  F^very  professional  and 
mercantile  interest  in  the  city  was  classified  and 
nearly  a  hundred  sub-committees  were  appointed 
to  assist  in  obtaining  suljscriptions.  Extraordi- 
nary success  followed  the  efforts.  A  spirit  of 
rivalry  of  the  most  friendly  character  was  estab- 
lished between  the  different  trades  and  profes- 
sions, and  not  to  subscribe  to  the  fund  was  to 
form  an  exception  to  a  remarkably  general  rule. 
That  the  Old  St.  Louis  spirit  was  well-nigh 
dead  was  proved  by  the  fact  that  the  collectors 
onh-  met  with  four  rebuffs  during  their  entire 
work.  A  hundred  thousand  dollars  was  secured 
the  first  week,  and  the  work  went  on  through- 
out the  summer  in  the  most  satisfactory  manner. 
Not  only  did  the  capitalists  and  employers  of 
labor  subscribe   freely,    but  the  laborers  them- 


selves came  forward  and  contributed.      Nearl 


y 


every  member  of  the  police  force  and  of  the  fire 
department,  in  addition  to  hundreds  of  traveling 
men  and  clerks,  joined  the  procession,  and  the 
city  acquired  a  proprietary  interest  in  the  asso- 
ciation which  it  could  not  ]ia\e  done  had  tlie 
money  been  raised  from  the  few  instead  of  the 
many.  A  generation  hence  the  list  of  subscribers 
to  the  Autumnal  Festivities  Association  will  be 
looked  upon  as  a  roll  of  honor,  for  \vhile  it  may 
be  true  that 

The  evil  that  men  do  lives  after  them, 
The  good  is  oft  interred  with  their  bones, 

this  cannot  be  said  to  be  the  case  with  or- 
ganizations of  what  are  sometimes  incorrectly 
described  as  a  "  boom  "  order.  Hence,  while 
the  good  influences  of  the  festivities  association 
are  manifest  to-day,  they  will  be  ten  times  more 
so  twenty  and  fifty  years  hence,  when  much  of 
the  good  seed  sown  during  the  last  two  and  a 
half  years  will  have  borne  fruit  a  hundred  and  a 
thousand-fold.  The  work  of  collection  was  con- 
tinued during  1892,  but  the  financial  uneasiness 
in  1.SSI3  made  it  impossible  to  solicit  new  sub- 
scriptions. Fortunately,  the  remarkable  ntanner 
in  which  St.  Louis  weathered  the  storm  enabled 


SOME  AIDS  TO  PROGRESS. 


83 


the  association  to  collect  almost  every  dollar 
promised  it,  and  a  total  of  more  than  $()()(),()()() 
was  received,  including  as  cash  the  large  sums 
generously  donated  by  the  local  newspapers  for 
advertising  purposes. 

Mr.  J.  C.  Wilkinson  became  chairman  of  the 
illumination  committee,  which  provided  for  St. 
Louis  during  the  years  18!I2  and  18il3  the  most 
magnificent  street  illuminations  ever  attempted 
in  this  or  any  other  city.  Space  prevents  a  de- 
tailed description  of  these  illuminations.  More 
than  70,000  lights,  half  electric  and  half  gas, 
were  used  for  the  purpose,  and  the  down-town 
streets  were  made  a  veritable  blaze  of  light. 
The  electrical  panorama  w-hich  were  seen  on  the 
widest  streets,  and  at  the  most  conspicuous 
points,  excited  the  admiration  of  the  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  visitors  who  were  attracted  to  the 
city  by  them.  Mr.  Wilkinson  earned  the  praise 
of  every  one  by  the  ingenuity  of  the  designs 
and  by  the  detennined  manner  in  which  he  in- 
sisted upon  novelties  being  produced  in  tlie  face 
of  technical  objections  and  forecasts  of  certain 
failure. 

]\Ir.    (loodman    King    was 
a^jpointed  chairman  of   the 


TUB  BUREAU 
OF  INFORMATION. 


advertising  committee,  the 
name  of  which  was  changed  to  the  Bureau  of 
Information  in  consequence  of  the  vast  scope 
of  its  operations.  As  the  writer  of  "Old  and 
New  vSt.  Louis  "  is  the  secretary  of  this  bureau, 
Mr.  Julian  Ralph,  whoseable  and  comprehensive 
article  in  Harpcr''s  Nciv  AToitthly  has  already 
been  referred  to  more  than  once,  will  be  quoted 
as  to  its  work  and  ojierations:  "  The  ])ureau," 
Sjiys  Mr.  Raljjh,  "  has  offices  in  .St.  L<>uis,  and 
has  also  arranged  to  open  others  in  London  and 
other  cities  in  pursuit  of  a  systematic  effort  to 
advertise  the  commercial,  social  and  sanitary  ad- 
vantages which  St.  Louis  possesses.  It  may  cause 
a  smile  to  read  tliat  Chairman  King  and  Sccretarv 
Cox  re]K)rt,  in  a  circular  now  before  me,  what 
work  the  P.urcan  of  Information  has  done  '  to 
correct  any  false  impressions  which  have  been 
created  by  the  too  great  modesty  of  St.  Lonis- 
ans  in  the  past.'  But  they  are  right,  for,  as 
compared   with    its    rival,    vSl.    Louis    possessed 


that  defect,  and  the  frank  admission  of  such  a 
hated  fault  shows  how  far  removed  and  reformed 
from  retarding  bashfulness  that  city  has  since 
become.  The  bureau  reports  that  it  is  causing 
the  publication  of  half-page  advertisements  of 
St.  Louis,  precisely  as  if  it  were  a  business  or  a 
patent  medicine,  in  sixty-two  papers,*  circulat- 
ing more  than  a  million  copies;  that  it  has 
obtained  reading  notices  in  all  these  dailies; 
that  '  articles  on  St.  Louis  as  a  mamifacturing 
and  commercial  metropolis  and  as  a  carnival 
city'  are  sent  out  every  day;  that  arrangements 
are  being  made  for  a  weekly  mail  letter  to  500 
southern  and  western  journals,  and  that  once 
or  twice  a  week  news  items  are  sent  to  the 
principal  dailies  of  the  whole  countrv.  It  was 
found  that  St.  Louis  was  not  fairly  treated  in 
the  weekly  trade  reports  published  generally 
throughout  the  country,  and  this  source  of  com- 
plaint has  been  removed.  Invading  the  camp 
of  the  arch-enemy — Chicago — the  bureau  has 
caused  a  handsome  '  Guide  to  Chicago  '  to  add 
to  its  title  the  words,  'And  St.  Louis,  the  Car- 
nival City  of  America.'  It  is  also  getting  up  a 
rich  and  notable  book  to  be  called  '  St.  Louis 
Through  a  Camera '  for  circulation  among  all 
English-speaking  peojiles.  The  local  service 
for  the  press  telegraphic  agencies  has  been 
greatly  imjiroved,  'and  the  efforts  of  the  bureau 
to  increase  the  immber  and  extent  of  the  notices 
of  vSt.  Louis  in  the  daily  papers  throughout  the 
United  States  have  continued  to  prove  success- 
ful,' .so  that  'instead  of  St.  Louis  being  ignored 
or  referred  to  in  a  very  casual  manner,  it  is  now 
recognized  as  fully  as  any  other  large  citv  in 
Anarica.' 

"  I  have  described  the  operations  of  this  asso- 
ciation and  its  most  active  bureau  at  some 
length  because  they  exhibit  the  farthest  ex- 
treme yet  readied  in  the  development  of  the 
most  extraordinary  phase  of  western  enterprise. 
There  we  see  a  city  managed  by  its  people  as  a 
wide-awake  modern  merchant    looks  after  his 

*Tliis  w.Ts  comparatively  early  in  the  bureau's  issue. 
It  siibscciueiUly  inaile  use  of  the  cohinins  of  more  than 
4,000  Aniericati  newspapers,  periodicals  anil  magazines, 
anil  issued  UO.UOO  copies  of  the  book  spoken  of  in  this  ar- 
ticle as  being  "got  up." 


84 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


THE  NEW 
PLANTERS'  HOUSE. 


business.  It  is  advertised  and  '  written  up'  and 
pushed  upon  the  attention  of  tlie  world,  with  all 
its  good  features  clearly  and  proudly  set  forth. 
There  is  boasting  in  the  process,  but  it  is  always 
based  upon  actual  merit,  for  St.  Louis  is  an  old 
and  proud  city,  and  there  is  no  begging  at  all. 
The  methods  are  distinctly  legitimate,  and  the 
work  accomplished  is  hard  work  paid  for  by 
hard  cash.  It  is  considered  a  shrewd  invest- 
ment of  energy  and  capital,  and  not  a  specula- 
tion. If  we  in  the  eastern  cities,  who  are  said 
to  be  '  fossilized,'  are  not  inclined  to  imitate 
such  a  remarkable  example  of  enterprise,  we 
cannot  help  admiring  the  concord  and  the 
hearty  local  pride  from  which  it  springs." 

Another  committee 
which  has  achieved  re- 
markable success  is  the 
hotel  committee,  of  which  Mr.  M.  C.  Wetmore  is 
chairman.  Authorized  to  offer  a  bonus  of 
$100,000  for  the  erection  of  a  fire-proof  hotel  on 
approved  plans  and  on  an  acceptable  site,  at  a 
cost  of  not  less  than  $1,000,000,  it  proceeded  at 
once  to  make  its  mission  known  and  to  invite 
offers  from  corporations  and  capitalists.  Vari- 
ous propositions  were  made,  but  no  actual 
advance  was  made  until  a  number  of  local  capi- 
talists, including  several  members  of  the  asso- 
ciation, joined  together,  purchased  the  old 
Planters'  House,  removed  the  old  structure  and 
commenced  the  erection  of  a  fire-proof  hotel, 
which  is  now  nearly  completed  and  which  can 
be  described  as  one  of  the  finest  hotels  in 
America,  with  an  unlimited  number  of  new 
ideas  and  improvements  in  it.  One  of  the  great 
events  of  1894  will  be  the  opening  of  this  mag- 
nificent hostelry,  which  will  cost  by  the  time  it 
is  ready  for  opening  nearly  $2,000,000.  It 
bears  as  little  resemblance  to  the  old  Planters' 
House  as  New  St.  Louis  does  to  Old  St.  Louis, 
and,  indeed,  the  two  buildings  may  well  be 
taken  as  types  of  the  correct  thing  forty  years  ago 
and  now.  The  hotel  fronts  on  Fourth  street, 
and  is  bounded  by  Pine  and  Chestnut  streets. 
It  is  ten  full  stories  high,  and  its  front  is  de- 
signed in  the  form  of  an  inverted  E,  with  two 
recessed    courts   so   arranged    that    of   the   400 


apartments  nearly  every  one  is  a  front  room. 
The  style  of  internal  decorations  is  not  finally 
settled,  l)ut  it  will  be  as  fine  as  monev  can  pro- 
cure; and  the  hotel  will  be  a  source  of  admira- 
tion not  only  in  St.  Louis,  but  through  the 
entire  West.  Various  names  were  suggested 
for  the  hotel  when  it  was  designed  and  while  it 
was  in  course  of  erection.  It  has,  however, 
been  called,  b)'  general  consent,  the  New  Plant- 
ers' House,  a  name  which  it  will  ])robably  re- 
tain, although  it  was  at  one  time  proposed  to 
call  it  the  Columbian  Hotel,  a  name  which 
would  have  been  very  appropriate  and  wdiich 
would  have  served  as  a  perpetual  reminder  of 
the  date  of  the  building's  erection.  This  detail, 
however,  is  not  of  such  great  importance  as  the 
hotel  itself,  and,  ha\iug  got  this  latter,  St.  Louis 
is  not  worrying  itself  greatly  over  the  minor 
question. 

The  .\utumnal  Festivities  Association  was 
formed  for  three  seasons,  those  of  '91,  '92  and 
'93,  and  while  these  pages  are  in  press  it  is 
practically  winding  up  its  operation  and  termi- 
nating its  work.  In  some  shape  or  other  it 
will,  however,  be  perpetuated;  for  an  associa- 
tion of  a  permanent  character  will  certainly  be 
formed  during  1894  to  carry  on  the  work  inau- 
gurated by  the  festivities  association  and  to  so 
large  an  extent  successfully  accomplished. 

One  exceptionally  useful  inffuence  of  the  asso- 
ciation will  he  found  in  the  increased  facilities 
it  has  pro\-ided  for  the  accommodation  of  dele- 
gates to  cou\-entions.  St.  Louis  has  earned  the 
title  of  the  Carnival  City  of  America  in  conse- 
quence of  the  lavish  nature  of  its  festivities  and 
entertainments,  and  it  has  also  long  been  known 
as  the  City  of  Conventions,  because  its  phenom- 
enal hospitality  and  its  exceptional  railroad  facil- 
ities have  made  it  the  most  popular  city  in  the 
country  for  the  holding  of  conventions,  political, 
social  and  commercial.  As  long  ago  as  18(37  a 
River  Convention,  with  delegates  from  over 
twenty  States  and  Territories,  convened  in  the 
old  Mercantile  Library  Hall,  which  was  one  of 
the  largest  public  meeting  places  in  the  West. 
The  convention  laid  the  foundation  for  many  im- 
provements which  the  Federal  government  has 


SOME  AIDS  TO  PROGRESS. 


85 


THE  GREAT 
CONVENTION  YEARS. 


since  carried  out  on  the  Mississippi  river.  Rail- 
road conventions  of  great  importance,  but  less 
national  in  character,  had  been  held  before,  but 
this  gathering  excited  almost  universal  atten- 
tion. In  the  winter  of  1872  a  National  Com- 
mercial Convention  was  held.  In  ll->7')  a  Na- 
tional Railroads  Convention  was  held,  and  many 
measures  of  importance  decided  upon.  The  un- 
varying success  of  the  local  entertainment  com- 
mittees in  making  delegates  comfortable  resulted 
in  a  strong  effort  being  made  to  secure  the  hold- 
ing of  the  Democratic  Nominating  Convention 
in  St.  Louis  in  187(!,  and  there  was  a  general 
feeling  of  satisfaction  when  the  telegraphic  news 
announced  that  the  Democrats  proposed  to  nom- 
inate the  next  President  of  the  United  States 
here.  The  convention  was  held,  and  was  a 
marked  success,  as  was  also  the  great  River 
Convention  of  1881. 

During  the  eighties 
conventions  followed  each 
other  in  rapid  succession. 
In  1885  a  Cattle  Convention  of  great  importance 
was  held,  and  1886  and  1887  were  the  banner 
years  of  St.  Louis  in  the  matter  of  conventions. 
In  the  former  year  the  physicians,  photograph- 
ers and  butchers  of  the  United  States  met  suc- 
cessively in  annual  convention  in  the  Exposition 
Hall,  and  enjoyed  not  only  satisfactory  and  well- 
attended  business  meetings,  but  a  glorious  time 
of  recreation  as  well,  the  citizens  never  tiring  of 
subscribing  to  entertainment  funds.  The  con- 
vention boom  of  1S,S()  culminated  in  the  Knights 
Templar  Triennial  Conclave,  during  which  car- 
nival reigned  supreme.  An  innnediate  outcome 
of  the  success  of  the  lS8f5  convention  season  was 
the  selection  of  St.  Louis  for  the  Grand  Army 
Reunit)n  in  1887.  This  was  followed  by  a  visit 
from  President  and  Mrs.  Cleveland,  whose  wel- 
come was  one  they  will  never  forget.  The  fes- 
tivities were  on  a  high  order,  and  attracted 
enormous  crowds.  In  l'>'<8  the  Democratic 
party  held  its  Nominating  Convention  in  the  Ex- 
position Building,  where  the  National  Saeuger- 
bund  also  met. 

Passing  o\er   several     imjiortant    gatherings, 
mention  may  be  made  of  the  grand  Oild  Fellows' 


Convention  in  b'^i'l,  which  was  a  success  beyond 
expectation.  In  I8i»2  the  People's  party  held 
its  organizing  conference  in  the  city,  and  during 
the  same  year  an  important  Nicaragua  Canal 
Convention  was  held.  In  18113  the  National 
Electric  Light  Association  held  its  convention 
in  the  city,  and  the  Exposition  was  besieged  with 
api)lications  for  standing  room  to  hear  Nicola 
Tesla  describe  his  triumphs  over  the  mysteries 
of  ehctricity.  The  furniture  manufacturers,  the 
saddlers,  the  florists,  and  the  builders,  as  well  as 
many  other  commercial  organizations,  met  in 
convention  in  the  city  during  the  year,  as  did 
also  an  important  monetary  and  trade  convention 
of  the  Western  States.  During  the  fall  the 
Autumnal  Festivities  Association  also  enter- 
tained the  foreign  commissioners  to  the  World's 
Fair,  and  other  delegations  of  importance  were 
seen  here. 

A  history  of  St.  Louis  and  its  conventions 
alone  could  be  written  and  provide  material  for 
a  large  volume.  All  that  has  been  attempted  is 
to  show  how  thoroughly  St.  Louis  is  entitled  to 
the  name  "Convention  City,"  and  how  admira- 
bly it  has  learnt  its  lesson  as  to  how  to  enter- 
tain. 

St.    Lotiis   holds 
the   record  of  ten 

consecutive    annual 
EXPOSITION.  .  .  ,        , 

expositions,  each  of 

which  has  more  than  paid  its  own  expenses.  It 
had  long  been  accepted  as  a  pro\-ed  fact  that  no 
cil)'  could  maintain  an  exposition  jear  after  year 
successfully.  Even  London,  by  far  the  largest 
city  in  the  world,  and  the  first  city  in  which  an 
international  exposition  was  ever  held,  has  failed 
in  more  than  one  attempt  to  maintain  a  success- 
ful annual  display  of  manufactured  and  artistic 
goods;  and  in  nearly  every  large  city  in  this 
country  an  exposition  buildijig,  diverted  from  its 
original  use  to  manufacturing  or  store-room 
purposes,  stands  out  in  bold  relief  in  silent  testi- 
mony to  another  failure.  But  in  all  the  bright 
vocabulary  of  St.  Louis,  is  no  such  word  as 
"  fail,"  and  the  Exposition  has  proved  asuccess 
e\ery  year  since  it  was  first  opened,  namely,  in 
1884.     In  188^  a  number  of  gentlemen  met  at 


THE 
TEN-TIMES  SUCCESSFUL 


86 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


the  Mercantile  Club,  and  after  talking  over  the 
possibility  of  erectinij  an  exposition  l)nil(linj^  and 
holding  an  annual  exposition,  decided  to  ignore 
the  difficulties  and  make  the  attempt.  The  en- 
tire funds  for  the  work  were  raised  locally,  and 
although  the  bulk  of  the  money  was  subscribed 
in  the  fonn  of  stock,  it  is  only  just  to  the  original 
investors  to  state  that  they  had  little  or  no  hope 
of  return,  and  were  actuated  more  by  a  spirit  of 
local  pride  and  enthusiasm  than  a  desire  to  ob- 
tain a  good  investment.  The  nominal  cost  of 
the  Exposition  Building,  which  was  built  during 
the  years  1883-84  on  a  six-acre  site  on  Olive 
and  St.  Charles  streets,  between  Thirteenth  and 
Fourteenth  streets,  was  $7ri(>,0()(),  but  so  much 
money  has  been  spent  in  perfecting  the  structure 
that  $1,000,000  should  be  named  as  the  ap- 
proximate actual  cost.  The  building  is  too  well 
known  to  all  St.  Louis  people  to  need  a  detailed 
description.  The  large  music  hall  has  3,.")07 
numbered  seats,  and  on  special  occasions  will 
accommodate  twice  as  many  people.  The  space 
intended  for  general  displays  is  very  large  and 
admirably  arranged,  and  from  the  first  the  Ex- 
position was  a  success. 

It  was  opened  in  September,  1884,  and  during 
the  season,  which  lasted  six  weeks,  over  500,000 
people  passed  through  the  turnstiles.  Every 
year  it  has  repeated  its  triumph,  and  nearly 
6,000,000  people  have  paid  admission  fee  since 
the  first  opening.  For  several  years  Patrick 
Sarsfield  Gilmore  and  his  famous  band  fur- 
nished the  music  every  season.  In  1892  Col. 
Gilmore  commenced  the  season  with  his  band  of 
100  pieces,  and  just  as  he  was  enjo\ing  the  tri- 
nmph  of  his  life,  that  life  ended  with  painful 
suddenness  and  the  Exposition  suffered  severely 
in  consequence.  In  1893  John  Phillip  Sousa 
commenced  a  three-years'  engagement  with  his 
mirivaled  band,  and  during  the  season  Madame 
Scalchi  and  other  artists  of  international  repute 
assisted  in  the  concerts.  The  attendance  in 
1893  far  exceeded  expectations.  It  had  been 
feared  that  the  competition  of  the  World's  Fair, 
added  to  the  general  financial  depression,  would 
have  resulted  in  a  serious  falling  off  in  attend- 
ance, and   the  loss  on  the  season  was  debated 


very  freely  by  those  to  whom  ignorance  is  never 
bliss,  but  rather  the  reverse.  Long  before  the 
close  of  the  seast)n  it  became  evident  that  there 
would  be  a  handsome  surplus,  and  when  the 
season  closed  there  remained  a  profit  consider- 
ably in  excess  of  $25,000 — a  wonderful  achieve- 
ment when  the  exceptional  difficulties  of  the 
year  are  taken  into  account.  Twenty  years 
hence  the  work  of  the  Exposition  management 
will  be  appreciated  much  more  highly  than  it  is 
to-day,  but  even  now  it  is  generally  realized  that 
the  men  who  have  made  the  Exposition  a  suc- 
cess and  who  have  enabled  the  entire  bonded 
indebtedness  to  be  paid  off,  deserve  the  thanks 
of  the  entire  city.  The  first  president  of  the 
E.xposition  was  Mr.  Sam.  M.  Kennard,  who 
bore  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  day  for  nine 
years  and  then  insisted  on  being  allowed  to 
retire.  He  was  succeeded  by  Gov.  E.  O. 
Stanard,  who  gave  to  the  duties  of  the  office  the 
careful  attention  which  has  marked  his  honored 
career.  He  in  turn  was  succeeded  late  in  l.s|t;> 
by  Mr.  T.  B.  Boyd.  Too  nnich  credit  cannot 
be  given  to  General  Manager  Frank  Gaiennie, 
whose  success  in  1893  must  be  regarded  as  phe- 
nomenal and  by  whose  efforts  some  of  the  choic- 
est exhibits  at  the  World's  Fair  ha\-e  been 
secured  for  the  local  display  of  1894  and  1895. 
This  promises  quite  a  change  in  the  appearance 
of  the  Exposition  next  )ear;  and  in  view  of  the 
enterprise  of  the  management,  there  seems  no 
reason  to  doubt  that  the  St.  Louis  E.xposition 
will  continue  year  after  year  with  unabated 
triumph. 

Although  not  what  may  be  termed  a  New 
St.  Louis  institution,  the  St.  Louis  Agricultural 
and  Mechanical  Association  deserves  credit  forthe 
yeoman  service  it  has  rendered  year  after  year. 
At  one  time  the  St.  Louis  Fair  was  one  of  the 
greatest  events  in  the  West,  and  although  neither 
the  city  or  countrv  fair  is  the  attraction  it  once 
was,  the  St.  Louis  Fair  continues  the  greatest 
thing  of  its  kind  in  the  world.  The  build- 
ing of  the  new  Jockey  Club  House,  and  the 
erection  and  opening  of  the  new  grand  stand 
are  more  strictly  of  the  newer  order  of  things, 
and  some  very  excellent  racing  has  been  seen  in 


SOMJi  AIDS  TO  J'ROGRESS. 


87 


TRAFFIC   COMMISSION 

AM) 

SPAMSH  CLUB. 


St.  Louis.  The  Veiled  Prophet  has  assisted  the 
institution  in  a  variety  of  ways,  and  has  timed 
his  \isits  so  as  to  make  tliem  come  in  Fair  week, 
or  the  first  complete  week  of  October. 

The  opening  of  the  finest  base-ball  park  in 
America  in  1893  serves  as  a  reminder  of  the 
fame  St.  Louis  base-ball  j^layers  have  obtained. 
Although  not  now  world's  cluunpions  the 
"Browus"  are  still  great  ball  players,  and  a 
third  world's  championship  flag  will  in  the  near 
future   float  over  Sporlsiuan's  Park. 

^lore  strictly  commer- 
cial than  these  agencies 
are  the  Traffic  Connnis- 
sion  and  the  Si)anish 
Clul),  already  referred  to.  The  Traffic  Commis- 
sion, as  at  present  organized,  is  a  most  useful 
bod)',  and  it  has  done  work  for  St.  Louis  com- 
merce which  it  would  ha\e  taken  many  years  to 
accomplish  l)y  indixidual  effort.  It  has  insisted 
upon  justice  to  the  cit\'  in  the  matter  of  freight 
rates,  and  has  succeeded  in  adjusting  an  im- 
mense number  of  irregularities  and  discrimina- 
tions against  this  city.  By  its  aid  hundreds  of 
miles  of  territory  have  been  added  to  the  district 
easily  accessible  to  St.  Louis  trade,  and  it  is  still 
continuing  its  good  work  in  a  variety  of  ways. 
The  commission  has  permanent  offices  in  the 
Equitable  Building,  and  is  under  the  active 
management  of  Traffic  Commissioner  Osgood,  a 
railroad  man  of  unlimited  experience  and  marked 
ability. 

Tile  work  of  the  Spanish  Club  has  already 
been  enlarged  ujion.  It  is  an  institution  which 
has  somewhat  hid  its  light  under  a  bushel  in 
the  past,  and  although  it  has  increased  railroad 
and  river  connection  between  St.  Louis  and 
Mexico,  secured  reduction  in  rates  amounting  to 
quite  a  substantial  percentage,  and  more  than 
doubled  the  trade  between  i\Iississipi)i  and 
Spanish-American  points,  but  a  comparatively 
few  people  appreciate  the  extent  of  its  work  and 
its  triumphs.  The  club  has  now  handsome 
quarters  in  the  Columbia  Building.  Its  presi- 
dent is  Mr.  L.  D.  Kingsland,  and  its  secretary  Mr. 
S.  L.  I5iggers,  both  of  whom  have  traveled  ex- 
tensi\ely  tluough    Spanish-speaking  countries. 


The  assistant  and  acting  secretarj'  is  Mr.  Ber- 
nard Alackey,  for  many  years  in  the  consular 
service. 

The  Citizens'  Smoke  Abatement  A.ssociation 
is  another  organization  designed  to  aid  the  trade 
as  well  as  the  salubrity  of  St.  Louis.  Nearly 
all  the  coal  used  for  manufacturing  purposes  in 
St.  Louis  is  bituminous,  and  the  quantity  of 
smoke  sent  out  by  the  countless  chimneys  is 
very  destructive  to  stocks  of  merchandise,  in 
addition  to  being  objectionable  from  both  the 
standpoints  of  health  and  comfort.  As  the  re- 
sult of  i^rolonged  agitation.,  the  Citizens'  Smoke 
Abatenu-nt  Association  was  formed  some  two 
\ears  ago.  It  has  succeeded  in  obtaining  legis- 
lation against  the  emission  of  smoke.  An  im- 
mense number  of  boiler-jDlant  owners  have  co- 
operated with  the  as.sociation  and  abated  the 
smoke  without  waiting  for  legal  proceedings. 
Those  who  failed  to  fall  in  with  the  procession 
are  now  being  proceeded  against  in  the  courts, 
and  although  in  a  manufacturing  city  like  St. 
Louis  there  will  always  be  a  certain  amount  of 
smoke,  the  smoke  nuisance  will  be  so  far  re- 
duced as  to  be  practically  abated. 

During  the  last  few 
months  the  Merchants'  Ex- 
change has  purchased  the 
building,  a  portion  of  which  it  has  occupied  for 
se\eral  years.  The  Exchange  is  the  succes.sor 
of  one  of  the  oldest  commercial  institutions  of 
the  West.  In  ls;i(;  a  meeting  of  merchants 
and  trailers  was  held  and  the  St.  Louis  Chamber 
of  Commerce  established.  It  did  not  resemble 
in  any  way  our  present  Merchants'  Exchange, 
being  rather  a  large  market  and  commission 
house,  with  arrangements  for  arbitration  in  dis- 
putes. In  1S47  ground  was  purchased  at  the 
corner  of  Third  and  Chestnut  streets  for  the 
purpose  of  erecting  an  exchange  building,  and 
in  1.S4SI  the  Merchants'  Ivxchange  was  estab- 
lished and  carried  on  more  or  less  in  connection 
with  the  Chamber  of  Commerce.  The  Millers' 
Convention  was  formed  shortly  afterwards;  and 
the  Millers'  Exchange,  established  at  Nos.  9 
and  1 1  Locust  street,  was  the  first  exchange  in 
the  United  States  established  for  the  purpose  of 


THE    MERCHANTS 
EXCHANGE. 


88 


oi.n  Axn  xi-:\v  ST.  Lor/s. 


liriiigiiijj  together  buyers  and  sellers  of  <^raiii. 
In  1855  a  movement  was  started  which  resulled 
in  the  erection  of  the  Exchange  Hall,  on  Main 
street,  which  for  many  vears  was  the  great  cen- 
ter of  trade  in  the  cit}'.  During  the  war  political 
differences  led  to  the  organization  of  the  Union 
Merchants'  Kxchange,  a  name  which  was  re- 
tained until  1875,  when  it  was  changed  to  the 
Merchants'  Exchange  of  St.  Louis,  and  all  the 
organizations  were  practically  amalgamated. 
In  1874  the  corner-stone  was  laid  for  the  present 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  which  still  continues  to 
be  one  of  the  finest  exchanges  of  its  character 
in  America.  The  grand  hall  is  221  feet  in 
length,  92  feet  wide  and  80  feet  high.  The 
ceiling  is  perhaps  the  most  appropriate  and 
handsome  in  the  country.  It  is  finished  in 
elaborate  fresco  work,  with  j^aintings  in  the 
panels.  In  their  general  details  these  are  strik- 
ingly magnificent.  The  north  panel  is  conspic- 
uous for  its  characteristic  types  of  England, 
Cjcrmany,  Italy,  France,  Scotland  and  other 
nations  of  the  Old  World  in  the  central  group, 
with  others  surrounding.  The  southern  panel  has 
types  of  Asiatic  and  African  countries,  and  on 
the  cornice  are  the  States  of  the  Union,  desig- 
nated by  name. 

The  Exchange  membership  includes  some 
three  thousand  of  the  leading  men  of  the  cit}-. 
The  first  president  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce 
was  Mr.  Edward  Tracy.  He  was  succeeded  by 
Messrs.  WaymanCrow,  George  K.  McCiunnegle, 
W.  N.  Morrison,  Alfred  \'incent,  R.  M.  Henning, 
Henry  Ames,  E.  M.  Ryland,  R.  M.  Funk- 
liouser,  D.  A.  January  and  William  Mathews. 
The  following  gentlemen  have  served  as  presi- 
dents of  the  Merchants'  Exchange: 


18G2  Henry  J.  RIoork. 
1S63  George  Partridc.k. 
18(54  Thomas  Riche.son. 
1SU.5  Barton  Able. 
18UG  E.  O.  Stanard. 
T8G7  C.  L.  Tucker. 
1808  John  J.  Roe. 
1S()9  George  P.  Plant. 
1870  ^V^^.  J.  Lewis. 
icSTl  Gerard  b.  Allen. 
187-.i  R.  p.  Tansey. 

1873  \Vm.  H.  Scudder. 

1874  W'KH.  M.  Samuel. 
187.5  D.  P.  Rowland. 

1876  Xath  \N  Cole. 

1877  John  A.  -Scudder. 


1S7H  George  Bain. 
1870  John  W.\hl. 
1880  Alex.  H.  Smith. 
issi  Michael  McEnnis. 

1882  Chas.  E.  Slavback. 

1883  J.  C.  Ewald. 

1884  D.  R.  Francls. 

188.5  Henry  C.  Haarstick. 
18SG  S.  W.  CoBii. 
1887  Frank  Gaiennie. 
18S8  Chas.  F.  Orthwein. 
1880  Chas.  A.  Cox. 

1890  John  W.  Kauffman. 

1891  Marcus  Bkrnheimer. 
1S92  Isaac  M.  Mason. 
1893  W.  T.  Anderson. 


Mr.  George  H.  IMorgan  has  been  secretary  and 
treasurer  since  the  year  18(!5. 

The  Builders'  Pvxchange  is  the  successor  of 
the  Mechanics'  Exchange,  another  institution 
which  has  done  good  service  in  concentrating 
and  developing  the  trade  and  commerce  of  St. 
Louis.  It  was  originally  organized  in  LHoi);  it 
was  reorganized  on  a  wider  basis,  under  the 
name  of  the  IMechanics'  and  Manufacturers' 
Exchange  and  Library  Association  of  St.  Louis, 
ill  1852.  In  185()  there  was  another  reorgani- 
zation, and  the  exchange  was  established  very 
much  on  the  basis  on  which  it  exists  to-day. 
In  1879  its  headquarters  were  at  lOlJ  North 
Fourth  street,  and  later  its  headquarters  were 
on  vSeventh  street,  between  Chestnut  and  Market. 
Upwards  of  a  year  ago,  it  mo\-ed  into  elegant 
offices  in  the  Telephone  Huilding,  where  it  con- 
tinues to  exercise  a  most  beneficent  influence 
on  the  building  and  kindred  trades  and  interests 
of  the  city.  It  is  universally  regarded  as  one  of 
the  permanent  institutions  of  the  city  of  St. 
Louis,  and  is  devoted  to  the  building  and  ma- 
terial interests  of  the  cit\-,  affording  an  oppor- 
tunity to  its  members  and  all  engaged  in  the 
building  business  to  enjoy  the  great  advantage 
of  having  a  meeting  place  in  the  central  part  of 
the  city  for  the  consideration  of  questions  of 
importance  relating  to  trade  matters,  lettings, 
and  so  forth.  The  hall  is  so  large  that  it  is 
used  for  conventions  and  similar  gatherings. 
Mr.  Richard  Walsh  is  the  secretary,  and  the 
18i)3  president  is  Mr.  Wm.  J.  Baker. 

The  limits  of  space  forbid  a  detailed  history 
of  the  Real  Estate  Exchange,  Coal  E.xchange, 
Brewers'  Association,  the  Associated  Wholesale 
Grocers  of  St.  Louis,  the  Retail  Grocers'  Asso- 
ciation, the  Furniture  I'oard  of  Trade,  of  which 
mention  has  already  been  made;  the  Cotton  Ex- 
change, the  Wool  and  Fur  Association,  the  Live 
Stock  Exchange,  the  newly-formed  Wholesale 
Clothing  Association,  and  of  the  other  organiza- 
tions designed  to  aid  the  cit\'s  commerce  in 
various  directions.  St.  Louis  is  fortunate  in  both 
the  number  and  extent  of  these  associations,  and 
the  influence  of  their  work  has  been  felt  in  a 
large  variety  of  ways. 


FINANCE  AND  BANKING. 


89 


CHAPTER    VIII. 

FINANCE  AND  BANKING. 

NEW   ST.   LOUIS   AN   IMPORTANT   FINANCIAL  CENTER.-BANK  CLEARINGS.-TRUST   COMPANIES 

AND  BUILDING   ASSOCIATIONS. 


^E  HAVE  ALREADY  seen  tliat  St. 
Lotiis  is  the  great  inanufactuiiuir  and 
commercial  center  of  a  district  even 
lar<^cr  than  that  which  is  generally 
described  as  the  Mississipjii  \'alley. 
It  is  equally  true  that  St.  Louis  is 
the  great  financial  center  of  a  district  almost  as 
large.  The  banks  of  St.  Louis  are  known 
throughout  the  entire  country  for  their  solidity 
and  for  tlie  conscr\ative  ])olicy  which  has  char- 
acterized their  management.  The  year  18!i;5 
was  a  peculiarly  trying  one  for  banks,  and  from 
ever\^  large  city  in  the  Union  there  came  reporLs 
of  distrust  and  uneasiness,  followed,  in  very 
many  cases,  by  records  of  actual  suspension. 
None  of  tlie  cities  of  the  first  class  went  through 
the  ordeal  entirely  scathless,  with  the  single 
exception  of  St.  Louis,  where  there  was  not  a 
single  bank  failure,  nor  even  a  suspicion  of 
insolvency.  Had  it  not  been  for  the  reports 
telegraphed  from  other  cities,  and  the  doleful 
forecasts  of  impending  national  calamity,  St. 
Louis  would  ha\'e  gone  through  the  }-ear  willi- 
out  any  knowledge  of  the  panic,  and  its  financial 
institutions  would  have  done  their  ordinary  bus- 
iness just  as  if  it  had  been  a  great  boom  year. 
As  it  was,  the  reports  of  disasters  elsewhere 
naturally  led  to  timid  depositors  withdrawing 
nu)ney  from  the  banks,  but  thanks  to  the  solid 
rock  foundation  of  these  institutions,  the  willi- 
drawals  did  not  cause  them  any  alarm,  and,  al- 
though the  reduction  in  the  amount  of  loanable 
capital  necessarily  hampered  commercial  prog- 
ress, all  dcuuinds  were  jirompth'  met;  and  it  was 
proved  that,  witli    all  its  energy  and  enterprise, 


Xew  St.  Louis  is  just  as  solid  and  substantial  as 
the  unduly  conservative  Old  St.  Louis  used  to  be. 
The  history  of  banking  institutions  in  St.  Louis 
need  not  be  traced  at  any  great  length  in  this 
work.  In  \M\\  tlie  Missouri  Gasctte  wrote  on 
"the  opulent  town  of  St.  Louis,  with  a  capital 
of  nearly  $1,000,000,"  but  went  on  to  complain 
that  there  was  no  bank  in  the  city  to  foster 
Ixisincss,  although  the  territorial  legislature  had 
granted  a  charter  for  one  three  years  before. 
The  banks  of  St.  Louis  and  of  Missouri,  to  which 
reference  has  already  been  made,  were  estab- 
lished soon  after  this,  and  the  use  of  peltry  and 
hides  in  place  of  money  began  to  die  out.  The 
Hank  of  the  State  of  Missouri  appears  to  have  done 
the  bulk  of  the  banking  business  for  some  time 
after  this,  and  in  November,  LS2i1,  this  institu- 
tion, in  consequence  of  the  suspension  of  a  num- 
ber of  eastern  banks,  passed  a  resolution  that  in 
the  future  it  would  receive  and  pay  only  its  own 
notes  and  specie  on  the  notes  of  specie-paying 
banks.  Something  of  a  local  panic  followed,  and 
on  November  l.llh  a  meeting  was  held  to  take 
into  consideration  the  action  of  the  l)ank.  A 
number  of  the  prominent  capitalists  of  tiie  city, 
including  George  Collier,  E.  Tracy,  Pierre 
Chouteau,  John  Walsh,  William  Gla.sgow,  John 
Perr\-,  Henry  \'on  Plnil,  John  Kerr,  G.  K. 
McGunnegle,  Joseph  C.  Leveille  and  John 
O'Kallon,  with  great  public  spirit  pledged  them- 
selves to  indenniify  the  bank  against  any  loss  it 
might  sustain  by  the  depreciation  in  notes.  The 
offer  was  somewhat  discourteously  declined,  and 
as  a  result  the  Hank  of  tlie  State  of  Missouri  was 
practically  boycotted,  and  the    St.    Louis   Gas 


90 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Liglit    and    tlie    various    insurance    companies 
transacted  most  of  the  banking  business. 

Private  banking  houses  sprang  into  existence 
about  this  time,  and  the  financial  troubles  of 
1853  and  1854  were  reflected  on  this  city.  In 
January,  1855,  there  was  a  run  on  several  private 
banks  and  some  of  a  more  public  character;  but 
once  more  the  public-spirited  men  of  St.  Louis 
came  forward  and  checked  the  run  by  guarantee- 
ing deposits  in  the  banking  houses  of  Lucas  & 
vSimonds,  Bogy,  ]\Iiltenberg  &.  Company,  Tessou 
S:  Dangen,  L.  A.  Benoist  &  Company,  J.  J. 
Anderson  &  Company,  Darby  &  Barksdale  and 
the  Boatmen's  Savings  Institution.  The  panic 
was  at  an  end  and  business  was  resumed  as  be- 
fore. In  1857  there  was  a  renewal  of  trouble, 
but  once  more  it  was  met  in  the  same  generous- 
hearted  manner.  After  the  war  the  banking 
institutions  of  St.  Louis  gathered  strength,  and 
until  the  panic  of  I'ST.'i  the  local  financial  needs 
were  well  met.  In  that  year  $300,000  of 
"brown-backs"  were  issued.  They  took  their 
name  from  the  fact  that  owing  to  the  dearth  of 
currenc)'.  Mayor  Brown  recommended  the  Coun- 
cil to  issue  warrants  to  the  extent  of  $300,000. 
The  proposition  was  accepted  and  the  warrants 
or  notes  issued.  The  financial  transaction  was 
a  unique  one,  and  served  its  purpose  remarkably 
well.  Confidence  was  restored,  and  although 
there  was  further  difficulty  in  1887,  that  year 
may  be  named  as  the  last  in  which  there  was 
anv  serious  trouble  with  St.  Louis  banks. 

Early  in  the  }-ear  1S^7 
St.  Louis  was  made  a 
central  reser\-e  city  and 
a  depositary  for  national  banks  of  other  cities. 
This  recognition  b\-  the  Federal  government  of 
the  importance  of  St.  Louis  as  a  financial  cen- 
ter has  had  the  effect  of  making  St.  Louis  ex- 
change \ised  much  more  generally  throughout 
the  entire  West  and  Southwest,  and  a  very  much 
larger  number  of  banks  in  other  cities  have  in- 
cluded St.  Louis  financial  institutions  in  their 
lists  of  correspondents.  Several  of  the  largest 
firms  have  still  further  emphasized  the  impor- 
tance of  St.  Louis  by  remitting  their  personal 
checks  on   city   banks   for  the  payment  of  ac- 


Sr.  LOUIS  A  CENTRAL 
RESERVE  CITY. 


counts  due  in  other  cities.  This  practice  has 
not  yet  become  as  general  as  it  ought  to  be,  and 
efforts  have  been  made  during  the  last  two  or 
three  years  to  make  the  practice  universal. 
Some  firms  still  adhere  to  the  old  practice  of  i)ur- 
chasing  exchange  on  New  York  and  remitting 
the  same  in  payment  of  accounts,  a  practice 
which  involves  a  loss  in  illegitimate  bank  clear- 
ings of  several  millions  per  month. 

A  large  majorit\-  of  the  city  banks  favor  the 
remitting  of  personal  checks  in  preference  to 
the  purchase  of  exchange,  and  their  influence  is 
being  gradually  made  perceptible  in  the  right 
direction.  In  the  days  of  Old  St.  Louis  it  was 
quite  a  nsual  practice  for  large  firms  to  keep  a 
banking  account  in  New  York,  and  to  pay  all 
eastern  accounts  by  checks  drawn  on  their  Xev/ 
York  banks.  This  plan  is  obviously  unjust  to  a 
city  of  the  magnitude  of  St.  Louis,  and,  although 
it  will  take  several  years  to  make  the  remission 
of  St.  Louis  checks  to  all  outside  points  general, 
it  is  gratifying  to  know  tliat  ver}'  few  firms  now 
adhere  to  the  plan  of  checking  on  New  York 
instead  of  on  banks  of  their  own  city.  Consid- 
ering the  high  financial  standing  of  St.  Louis 
banks  and  the  central  location  of  the  city,  St. 
Louis  checks  ought  to  be  accepted  at  par  in  all 
parts  of  the  country,  and  they  are  done  so  when 
any  attempt  is  made  to  insist. 

( )nly  once  has  New  St.  Louis  seen  a  bank  fail- 
ure. That  was  eight  years  ago,  and  was  the 
result  of  a  personal  breach  of  trust,  and  not  of 
commercial  or  financial  depression.  The  last 
statement  as  to  banks  and  banking  capital  in 
Old  St.  Louis  shows  that  tlie  capital  and  surplus 
was  $13,4!I:*,!M;4;  the  savings  and  time  deposits, 
S.S,!l()l,522;  the  current  deposits,  $31^827,489, 
and  the  circulation,  $632,850.  This  was  in 
1882,  and  at  the  present  time  the  banking  busi- 
ness of  the  city  has  gained  such  proportions  that 
the  capital  of  the  national  banks  alone  exceeds 
$2C),000,000;  the  surplus  and  profits,  $3,000,000, 
and  the  loans  and  discounts,  $23,000, 000.  The 
following  official  statement  of  the  twenty-six 
leading  St.  Louis  banks,  is  one  of  which  the 
city  is  naturally  proud,  and  it  shows  very  clearly 
the  financial  solidity  of  New  St.  Louis: 


FINANCE  AND  BANKING. 


91 


OFFICIAL  STATKMKXT  OF  THK  TWKXTV-SIX  LEADING  ST.  LOUIS  BANKS. 

RESOURCES. 


BANK. 


Currency 
Hiid 
Coin . 


Bank  of  Commerce 

Koatineu's  

Fourth  National 
Continental  Xat'l 
State  Haiik 
St.  Louis  National 
C,c-rnian  Savings 

Mechanics'  

Commercial 

I.aclede  National .. 

Thiril  National 

German- American 

l''rankliii 

Merchants'  Nat'l 
Lafayette  ,. 
Am.  Exchan>;e 

Northwestern  

Nat.  B. of  Republic 

Bremen 

Mullanphy 
Chemical   National 
International 

Citizens' 

.South  Side 

.Southern   Com'l  . 
Jefferson 


,■199,834, 
,r24,4t;3, 
971,840, 

y:i8,732, 

767,174. 

oni.iCia, 
:if;5,2u-2. 

095,871. 

,o,->o,2;i4. 

645,478. 

430,OOL 

5f)7,:!-J4. 

'294,7(1-2, 

522,275. 

310,840. 

183,091, 
80,344. 

233,519. 
09,563, 
80,518. 

130,599. 

138,205. 

219,601. 

140,483. 
12,192 
37,143. 


Cheeks 

and 

Exchange. 


Loans  and 
Discounts, 


Bonds  and 
Stocks. 


82:2,593.48 

492.77.-^.79 

284,038.50 

789,427.04 

187,045.34 

748,3.^0.84 

398,805.11 

501,049.90 

3J9, 782,42 

410,7.50.88 

332.029.92; 

2.")'.»,f:C4.n5i 

181,108.271 

197..5:!S.!lO 

2119,3 14.  t)9 

101,001.00 

121,270.59 

243,515.33' 

145,109.291 

33,306.70 

98,535.95! 

36,220. 1  oj 

66,614.37 

92,015.38 

21,729.07 

4,100.42 


i5, 844, 068,25 

5,481,271.40 

3.290,032.37 

2,909,071,38 

3,200,504.04 

2,075.309.12 

2,745,923.50 

2.059,508.50 

2. 17 1,975.. Mi 

2,370,824.01 

2,091,922.00 

1,051,002.83 

1,625,049.52 

1,934.707.56 

1,715,307.17 

1.043,5.39.27 

1,120,462.51 

1,044,504.58 

691.123.06 

825.103.15 

796,249.37 

589,943.72 

514,212.46 

441,790.23 

205,314.79 

121,190.05 


724,071 
259,050 
604,610 
608,703 
2.S0  327 

.50,000 
490,000 
3,523 
4,9 

69,500 

94,612 
480,200, 
654,030 

58,000 

224,300 

3,200 

352,127 

60,850 
265,500 
154,513 

57,000 

64.289 
5,825 
113.386 
5,79 


Real  Estate, 

Furniture  and 

Fixtures. 


i:xpense. 


530,000.00  %. 

508,321.85 
20.237.05 
50.000.00 
44.269.91 

211,000.00 
63,131.37 


Overdrafls. 


Totals. 


50,663.97 
180,000.00 

30.000.011 
134,000.00 


43,002.25 


0.871.77 


24,803.15 


500.00 
120.64,. 


23,752  30 


17,500.00!. 

19,000.00 

37,831.40 

10.000.001 

59,789-02' 

9,879.94 

3,,S00  00 

10,774.48 

1,900.00. 


231.41 


1,922.06 

75,313.85 

3,074.15 

418.22 
G.225.2.S 
21,100.64 
5.091.89 
1.120.10 
3,929,08 
1,108.49 
5,882.80 

.536.72 
2,830.91 
1,486.42 
5,329.80 
10,474.22 
1,315.10 

394.40 

.567.54 
2,316.80 
3,328.66 

278.  .54 
2,062.41 
1.900.02 

406.90 
2,235.19 


59.422.489.46 
7.941  200.08 
5.V77.435.54 
5.190.952.44 
4,.5.")2,2()0  98 
4,310,076.25 
4.068.204.57 
3.861,732.69 
3.560,899.09 
3.473.195.75 
3,135.048.86 
2,988.729.05 
2.892.920.75 
2.737,700.05 
2.405.087.99 
2.002,693.04 
l.i;89.520.47 
1,600,343.00 
1,190,923,34 
1,133,5811.45 
1,095,945.12 
888.786.37 
818,196.35 
793.381.02 
256.216.59 
166,629,31 


LIABILITIES. 


B.iXK. 


Bank  of  Commerce 

Boatmen's 

I'ourth  National 
Continental  Nat'l 

State  Bank 

St.  Lo\iis  National 
German  Savings 

Mechanics' 

Commercial 
Laclede  National 
Third   National  - 
CTcrinan- American 

I'ranklin 

Merchants'  Nat'l 

Lafayette 

Am.  Exchaniie 
Northwestern  . 
Nat. B. of  Republic 

Bremen  

Mullanphy 

Clieinical  Nat'l 

International 

Citizens'  

South  Side 

.Smitliern  Com'l 

Jetferson 


Capital. 


.Surplus 
and  Profits. 


pooo 

2.000, 

1. Ill  10 

2.000 

050 

1,000 

250 

600 

500 

1,0110 

1,000 

1.50 

200 

700 

101 

500, 

100 

500 

100 

100, 

500, 

200, 

200, 

300. 

100, 

100, 


OllO,00'S 

000,00 

000.00 
000.00 
000. 00    1 
000.00 
000.00 

000.00 

000.00 
,000.00 

000.00 

000.00 
.000.00 
.000.00 
,000,00 

000,00 

000,00 

000,00 

000.00 

000.00 

000.00 

000.00 

000.00 
000.00 

000.00 
000.00 

I 


8,84.604. 

511,535. 

848,179, 

259,S,S3. 

,r.t7.0.s9. 

190,212. 

524,511. 

688,200, 

530,210, 

194,711, 

330,987, 

001,019, 

402,931, 

210,972. 

251,2,S4, 

357, 73S 

134,099 

24,442 

137,000 

100,885, 

36,2.S8. 

84.872, 

71,665, 

35,323, 

1  1,069. 

3,239, 


Circulation 


lOS 
60 
28 
20 

44' 

43j  45.000,00 

87' 

91 

79, 

75 

82 

3S 

61 

51 

69 

01 

80 

86 

00 

98 

98  i 

94 

3S 

13 

33 

65 


Individual 
Dei)Osits. 


45,000.0053 

3 

45,000.00    1 

45,000,00    1 

2 

1 

1 

1 

2 

45.00O.0(li   1 

45  000.00    1 

1 

I   1 

45,000.00   1 


45,000.00 


45,000.00 


,032,192.97 
012.400.10 
,787,1.54,04 
,024,. 577, 00 
081,305,70 
,315,403,70 
,515,772,.84 
,745.793.81 
,202,974,07' 
,401,134.39 
,045,0.55.27 
,391.191.49 
,037.768.03 
,004,005,75 
957,325,52! 
798  090,10 
4U,S2-2  S5 
443,197,04 
402.521.75 
334.220.24 
344.345,80 
400,853,04 
415,230,07 
306,311,01 
91,034,38 
59,550,56 


Hank 
Deposits, 


;i,578 

305 

1,153 

1,1.33 

233, 

1,590 

30, 

.301, 

311, 

745 

714, 

137 

216, 

475 

3, 

184, 


,014. 

,475. 

921. 

,084. 

,281, 

2119, 

590, 

209. 

,934. 

993. 

005. 

0.><5. 

781. 

211 

91S. 

152. 


Time 
Deposits. 


<    882, 

'1,921, 

.393, 

134, 

391, 

103, 

1,528, 

402, 

15, 

86, 


Bills 
Payable. 


503,411.11 


9, 

90, 

10, 
17, 


374 

669, 

66 

783. 

228 


667.76 
797.72 
179.32! 
407.46 
530.11 
190.59 
.><43,32 
128,t)8 
770.49, 
356.23! 


TOUls. 


21S,.545  82 
04,310.41 


046 

975 

206 

1.153 

92 
1.040 

84 
551 
529. 

79 
203 
120 
131 

51 
3 


432,43 
,439.06 
541. 111. 
3.V.I.77. 
7.52.07 
597.76'. 
.292.65 
,401.. 59 
10,8.,'J4 
,642.01 
,003,02 
,510. 95 
,517. .-^7 
.112.,88i 
,833.10 


19.422.4.89.46 

1  7,941.200.08 

50,000.00   5.277. 435..54 

6,196.952.44 

4,5.52.200.98 

4.310.070.25 

4.008.264.57 

3,861.732  09 

3.560.899.09 

3,473.195.75 

3,135,048..'i6 

2.988.729.05 

2.892.920.75 

2,737.760.65 

2.465.087.99 

2.002.093.04 

1,6811.520.47 

1.000.343  66 

1,190.923.34 

1.133.5S1I.45 

1,095.945.12 

888.7S0,37 

818,190,35 

793,381.02 

I       256, 210, .59 

6.59       166.629.31 

I 


69,968.79 


92 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


It  is  universally  conceded  by  experts  that  the 
St.  Louis  banks  keep  themselves  in  an  excep- 
tionally solid  position.  The  statement  on  the 
preceding  pag;e  was  ])repared  duriug^  the  financial 
depression,  and  shows  the  institutions  at  their 
worst,  in.stead  of  their  best.  Yet,  the  available 
funds  for  the  surjilus  reserve  averaged  forty  to 
forty-four  per  cent,  as  compared  with  less  than 
twenty-five  per  cent  in  New  York,  and  similar 
percentages  elsewhere.  The  number  of  banks 
in  St.  Louis  does  not  increase  rapidly,  but  it  is 
observed  that  those  already  in  operation  increase 
their  facilities  for  doing  business  steadily,  and 
one  after  the  other  they  secure  more  handsome, 
commodious  premises  for  the  transaction  of  their 
business.  Some  of  the  most  desirable  corners 
in  the  city  are  now  occupied  by  banks,  and  dur- 
ing the  last  few  months  several  important 
changes  of  location  have  taken  place. 

In  addition  to  banks  proper,  St.  Louis  has 
three  very  large  trust  companies,  which  are 
transacting  a  banking  btisiness  of  great  impor- 
tance, as  well  as  acting  as  trustees  and  execu- 
tors and  filling  in  many  other  ways  a  want  long 
felt  in  financial  circles.  These  institutions  do 
not  at  present  make  use  of  the  Clearing  House 
directly  in  their  transactions,  and  hence  the 
business  of  that  institution  is  not  increased  to 
the  extent  that  the  business  done  would  appear 
to  indicate.  This  last-named  institution  was 
organized  in  1N()8,  and  has  continued  without 
interruption  since.  The  first  president  was 
Mr.  W.  E.  Burr,  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Na- 
tional Bank,  who  was  succeeded  in  1873  by 
Mr.  Charles  Parsons.  In  the  same  year  Mr. 
Edward  Chase  became  manager,  and  for  the 
last  twenty  years  he  has  conducted  the  vast 
transactions  of  the  Clearing  House  Association 
with  marked  ability.  In  1875  an  amendment 
was  made  to  the  constitution  making  the  mini- 
mum capital  of  members  $150,000,  a  conserva- 
tive policy  which  is  still  maintained. 

As  already  mentioned,  the  returns  of  the  St. 
Louis  Clearing  House  do  not  adequately  repre- 
sent the  financial  transactions  of  the  city.  This 
is  largely  because  of  the  comparative  diminutive 
amount  of  speculation  and  dealing  in  options 


in  vSt.  Louis  as  compared  with  other  more  reck- 
less centers.  There  is  also  an  absence  of  any 
attempt  here  to  make  the  figures  better  than 
they  really  are.  Thus,  in  some  centers  checks 
are  issued  with  the  endorsement  that  they  are 
payable  only  through  the  clearing  house,  and 
hence  all  jMirely  local  transactions  become  added 
to  the  total.  Also,  in  vSl.  Louis  it  is  the  almost 
invariable  practice  to  pay  wages  in  cash  and 
not  by  means  of  checks,  as  is  a  common  prac- 
tice in  many  industrial  centers.  In  addition  to 
this,  it  is  the  practice  of  the  St.  Louis  banks  to 
pay  their  daily  balances  to  each  other  in  cur- 
rency. In  many  cities  the  certificate  given  by 
the  Clearing  House  to  banks,  showing  the 
amount  coming  to  them  on  the  balances  from 
other  banks,  are  treated  as  checks  and  cleared 
the  following  day,  so  that  the  amount  of  the 
balances  of  one  day  is  added  to  the  total  clear- 
ings of  the  next.  It  is  really  a  question  of 
arithmetic  and  book-keeping  only,  but  the  sub- 
ject is  worthy  of  mention,  because  it  is  impor- 
tant St.  Louis  peoi^le  should  realize  that  everv 
dollar  returned  as  being  cleared  represents  that 
amount  of  actual  business. 

In  spite  of  this  strictl\'  conservative  policy, 
the  bank  clearings  of  New  St.  Louis  have 
steadily  increased.  They  averaged  considerably 
less  than  $60,000,000  a  month  when  the  change 
from  the  old  to  the  new  took  place.  In  188() 
they  averaged  a  little  less  than  $70,000,000  a 
month,  from  which  }ear they  gradually  increased 
until  the  year  lS!l-2,  when  they  averaged  a  trifle 
over  $100,000,000  per  month.  The  year  18<);5 
opened  up  most  auspiciously  in  the  matter  of 
banking  business.  December,  1>^II2,  had  broken 
the  record  in  the  bank  clearings,  with  a  gain  of 
$7,000,000  over  the  preceding  year;  the  re- 
turns for  the  first  month  of  the  new  year  were 
$1(;,000,000  larger  than  the  preceding  January, 
and  the  returns  for  the  first  quarter  were  very 
largely  in  excess  of  the  corresponding  period  of 
any  preceding  year,  being  more  than  forty-five 
per  cent  greater  than  1886. 

The  table  on  page  93  shows  the  bank  clear- 
ings for  the  current  year,  and  for  the  seven  pre- 
cedino;  vears. 


FINANCE  AND  BANKING. 
BANK     CLEARANCES. 


93 


1886. 


1887 


January 

Februarj' .. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October  

November 
December 


;  6S,215, 

5G,8l!.5, 
G2,4()7, 
63,523, 
70,800, 
62,760, 
74,369, 
70,440, 
71,543, 
60,822, 
68,375, 
74,660, 


966| 

lS5i 
170 
300 
052 
710 
018 
412 
6!)6 

165; 

951 1 
537 


71,441,522 

64,016,573 
75,820,934 
73,773,478 
79,768,.575 
75,821, .594 
74,227,069 
77,007.133 
74,. 537, 207 
74,855,029 
72,757.656 
80,500, 9in 


5810,759,062  5894,527,731 


1888. 


73,489 
73,682 
75.136 
72,004 
73.797 
69,957 
67.134 
75,2.30 
78,2115 
83,4.30 
72,291 
86,054 


1SS9. 


.445  5 
24  5[ 
605! 
s56 
059 
876 
909 
076 
484 
317 
801 
204 


84,199 

72,500 

79,774, 

71,892, 

83,738, 

83,333 

82,207, 

81,869, 

80,511 

95,632 

84.020, 

87,8)0, 


804 

989 
733 
175 
64K 
370 
885 
657 
105 
6S1 
747 
838 


1890. 


1891. 


1802. 


94,715,140  5 
83,143,8411 
87,23(;,790 
93,455,536 
100,925,642 
92,2.50,636 
92,940,902 
88.342.008 
93,532.926 
99.714,641 
94.534.031 
97,781,118! 


97,620 

82,018 
89,648 
89,499 
90,605 
87,120 
95,688 
97,504 
97.411 

104.433 
97.808 

110,239 


,745 
043 
649 

582 
844 
315 

(;88 

202 
603 
739 
4(12 
721 


5900,474,878  5987,522,629  51,118,573,210 11,139,599,573 

I         I  I 


98,855, 

97,370 

99,186, 

103,381, 

94,098, 

99,575 

100,027 

103.2.S9 

101,702 

106.999, 

108.090 

117,662 


240 

Oil 
662 
629 
641 
49,s 
298 
130 
<;86 
568 
990 
598 


11,231,571,963 


1893. 


114,721.817 

93,519,692 

108.371,973 

107.761.079 

109, 15 1.290 

95.321.231 

82,.596.431 

68.744.079 

75.437,705 

86,439.652 

96,174,462 


A  most  ,2Tatifyin_2;  event  of  the  last  four  or  five 
years  is  the  increased  standing  of  St.  Lonis  as 
a  money  center.  The  stability  of  rates  in  St. 
lyonis  has  attracted  general  attention.  Mann- 
factnring  establishments  in  search  of  locations 
have  been  largely  indnced  to  locate  here  becanse 
of  the  certainty  of  obtaining  accommodations 
when  reqnired.  j\Iore  than  that,  the  city's  loan- 
ing bnsiness  has  extended  over  a  much  larger 
territor}'.  Boston  has  for  3'ears  advanced  money 
for  enterprises  throughout  the  entire  countrj-,  and 
St.  Lonis  recognizes  with  gratitude  the  assistance 
the  great  New  England  town  has  rendered  many 
of  its  valuable  enterprises.  Now  St.  Louis  is  in 
the  habit  of  accommodating  not  only  western 
and  southwestern  cities,  but  also  many  of  the 
large  eastern  cities  to  which  we  used  to  look  in 
years  gone  by.  During  the  year  181*2  this  busi- 
ness gained  \ery  rapidly.  During  the  prejKua- 
tions  for  the  World's  Fairaver\-  large  amount  of 
money  was  taken  out  of  St.  Louis  for  the  jMir- 
pose,  and  more  recently  loans  of  large  amounts 
have  gone  to  Denver,  Kansas  City,  Dallas,  Ckil- 
veston  and  other  western  and  southern  centers. 

As  a  vi-iy  pt)werfnl  k'\cr  in  raising  Xcw  St. 
Louis  to  its  present  position  socially,  ct)mmer- 
cially  and  financially,  tiie  building  and  loan 
associations  deserve  special  notice.  Philadel- 
phia used  to  claim  a  monopoly  of  the  distinction 
of  being  a  city  of  homes.  New  vSt.  Louis  com- 
petes with  it  for  a  right  to  the  name,  and  it 
is  probable  that  the  percentage  of  inhabitants 
owning  their  own  homes  is  now  fullv  as  large 


in  the  metropol's  of  the  West  and  Southwest  as 
in  the  City  of  Brotherly  Love.  It  was  the  build- 
ing associations  that  helped  thousands  of  Pliila- 
delphians  to  become  home-owners,  and  it  is  the 
same  agency  that  has  reduced  the  ranks  of  the 
renters  and  increased  the  number  of  owners  in 
this  favored  cit\-.  It  is  unnecessary  to  devote 
space  to  the  origin  of  building  associations  in 
St.  Louis.  Some  that  were  established  during 
the  last  years  of  Old  St.  Louis  have  recently  ac- 
complished their  purpose,  furnished  a  home  to 
each  member  who  persevered  in  his  effort  to  ob- 
tain one,  and  more  than  kept  faith  with  their 
original  members.  It  was  not,  however,  until 
New  St.  Louis  had  been  thoroughly  established, 
and  the  new  order  of  things  had  become  gener- 
ally accepted,  that  the  number  of  building  asso- 
ciations became  large  enough  to  exert  any  ven,- 
important  influence  upon  the  growth  and  devel- 
opment of  the  city.  During  the  years  ISSiJ, 
18.8 7  and  188<S,a.ssociations  were  started  in  large 
numbers,  and  a  great  majority  of  them  have  done 
magnificent  work,  both  for  their  members  and 
for  the  city.  Some  of  the  more  recent  ones 
formed  have  fallen  into  the  error  of  promising 
rather  more  than  they  can  possibly  fulfill,  but 
they  have,  by  the  reduction  of  their  charges, 
made  home-buying  exceedingly  easy,  and  to 
their  influence  may  be  attributed  the  transfor- 
mation of  several  districts  within  the  city  limits 
and  out  in  the  country  to  settlements  of  com- 
fortable homes  and  substantial,  if  not  costly, 
houses. 


94 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


CHAPTER     IX. 

BUILDING     IMPROVEMENTS. 

ONE   HUNDRED   MILES  OF  STREET  FRONTAGE   BUILT  UPON   IN   THREE   YEARS.— HISTORY   OF 

THE   FIRE-PROOF   OFFICE-BUILDING   ERA.— IN  VESTMENTS   IN   IMPROVEMENTS 

AND   THEIR   INFLUENCE   UPON   VALUES. 


TiiENTlOX  HAS  already  been  made  of 
the  infltience  of  rapid  transit  and  of 
bnilding  associations  in  increasing 
the  area  of  the  residence  sections  of 
St.  Lonis,  and  aUhongh  it  is  proba- 
l)le  that  the  street  railroads  are  en- 
titled to  the  bnlk  of  the  credit,  it  is  certain  that 
the  expansion  of  the  city's  financial  institntions 
and  the  general  work  of  the  building  associa- 
tions have  given  to  the  building  industry  an  im- 
petus during  the  last  five  or  six  years  which  has 
been  much  too  general  and  far-reaching  in  its 
character  and  operation  to  be  described  as  a 
"boom."  The  year  l'Sii2  was  the  banner  year  of 
St.  Louis'  building,  for  during  it  the  enormous 
sum  of  $20,000,000  was  expended  on  buildings 
actually  completed,  to  say  nothing  of  those  in 
course  of  construction  on  January  1,  189.3.  The 
total  number  of  building  permits  issued  during 
the  3'ear  was  5,497,  and  as  evidence  of  the  char- 
acter of  the  improvements  it  may  be  mentioned 
that  only  twenty  per  cent  of  the  permits  were 
.  for  frame  buildings.  The  nominal  value  of  the 
improvements,  as  shown  by  the  building  com- 
missioner's book,  was  about  •$  17,000,000,  but 
this  is  no  criterion  of  actual  value  because  of  the 
invariable  undervaluation.  In  St.  Louis  the  cost 
of  a  permit  to  build  is  calculated  upon  a  percent- 
age of  the  alleged  value  of  the  proposed  building, 
and  the  habit  of  underestimating  is  a  natural 
result  of  this  rather  inconsistent  rule.  It  is 
probable  that  the  sale-price  of  the  buildings 
authorized    to    be    erected    during    1892    was 


$2."i, 000, 0(10,  so  that  the  estimate  o^  $20,0()(i,()()(i 
actually  expended  on  completed  structures  is 
quite  a  reasonable  one.  The  lot  frontage  covered 
by  new  buildings  in  1892  was  201,440  feet, 
equivalent  to  a  single  row  of  buildings  thirty- 
nine  miles  long.  This  means  that  thirt\-nine 
miles  of  street  frontage  was  actually  built  upon, 
and  the  effect  of  the  change  on  the  aspect  of  the 
city  can  easily  be  appreciated  even  by  those  who 
have  not  been  fortunate  enough  to  go  over  the 
ground  for  themselves.  The  lot  frontage  covered 
in  1891  was  thirty  miles,  and  that  of  1890  was 
nearly  as  great,  so  that  during  the  three  seasons 
the  mileage  of  built-up  streets  in  St.  Louis  was 
increased  nearly  100  miles,  an  achievement  of 
which  the  city  is  naturally  proud  and  which  it 
will  be  hard  for  any  other  city  to  duplicate. 

To  grasp  the  real  import  of  these  astound- 
ing totals,  it  should  be  remembered  that  the 
aggregate  value  of  the  Ijuiklings  authorized  to 
be  erected  in  1878  was  $2,432,.")l!S,  and  even  in 
1882  the  total  was  only  $6, 163,545.  After 
this  the  influence  of  improved  streets,  rapid 
transit,  building  associations,  and  New  St.  Louis 
ideas  generally  began  to  be  more  apparent,  and 
in  1.S.S9  the  aggregate  values  mentioned  in  the 
building  permits  ran  into  eight  figures.  Since 
that  time  the  increase  has  been  very  rapid,  the 
total  being  nearly  $14,000,000  in  1891,  nearly 
$17,000,000  in  1892,  and  close  upon  $9,000,000 
for  the  first  six  months  of  189;').  The  values 
given  as  rough — and  it  may  be  added  parenthet- 
ically, carefully  undercalculated — estimates  by 


Bl  'n.niXC,  IMPRO  VEMENTS. 


RAPID  INCREASE 
IN  VALUE  OF 


the  projectors  of  new  buildings  on  applying  for 
permits  during  the  actual  life  of  New  St.  Louis 
exceed  in  the  aggregate  $120,000,000,  and  it  is 
believed  by  competent  valuers  that  the  buildings 
erected  under  these  permits  ha\e  cost  at  least 
$200,000,000.  Little  wonder,  under  these  cir- 
cumstances, that  the  appearance  of  New  St.  Louis 
of  1H!K3  is  entirely  different  from  that  of  Old 
St.  Louis  in  1883. 

Many  old  buildings  of 
considerable  value  have 

been  removed  to  make 
TAXABLE  PROPERTY.  ,  , 

room  lor  new  ones,  and 

hence  the  increase  in  the  assessed  valuation  is 
not  quite  so  large.  But  since  1878  the  total  has 
about  doubled.  The  1894  valuation  will  cer- 
tainly exceed  $300,000,000,  as  compared  with 
$24."), 000, 000  in  1890,  and  $1(;.''),000,000  in  IS.SO. 
The  city  comptroller  estimated  the  value  of  the 
city's  real  estate  in  1890  at  $141,000,000  more 
than  the  assessed  valuation,  and  the  estimate 
was  a  conservative  one.  LTpon  this  basis  the 
value  of  the  real  estate  in  the  citj-  is  now  nearly, 
if  not  ([uite,  $400,000,000,  while  it  is  doubtful  if 
that  sum  would  purchase  nearly  all  the  realty  in 
St.  Louis.  These  figures  are  too  large  to  be  easily 
grasped,  but  they  show  as  no  argument  could 
demonstrate,  how  stupendous  has  been  the  city's 
building  growth  since  its  second  birth. 

Reverting  to  the  character  of  buildings,  it 
may  be  mentioned  that  the  number  of  new 
structures  erected  in  1890,  1891  and  1892  was 
about  14,")00,  of  which  only  4,000  were  frame. 
The  percentage  of  frame  houses  to  brick  has 
been  gradually  decreasing.  In  the  eighties 
about  one-third  of  the  new  buildings  were  con- 
structed of  lumber,  as  compared  with  little  more 
than  a  fifth  at  the  present  time. 

The  immense  number  of  buildings  constructed 
since  the  census  was  taken  is  of  special  interest 
as  bearing  upon  the  question  of  population,  and 
justifies  the  claim  made  by  directory  publishers 
and  canvassers,  that  the  luimbcr  of  inhabitants 
has  increased  much  more  rapidly  during  the  last 
three  years  than  during  any  corresponding 
period  of  lime  in  the  history  of  St.  Louis.  Be- 
sides the  acti\itv  in  the  erection  of  new  build- 


ings, great  enterprise  has  been  shown  in  the 
improvement  and  enlarging  of  existing  struct- 
ures. The  real  estate  sales  for  the  year  1892 
reached,  as  .shown  in  the  records,  a  total  of 
$(12, 000, 000,  or  a  great  deal  more  than 
.^1,000,000  a  week.  Upwards  of  40,000  deeds 
were  filed  at  the  office  of  the  recorder  of  deeds 
during  the  year,  and  nearly  8,000  deeds  of  trust 
were  relea.sed.  During  the  same  year  120,000 
feet  of  laud  was  subdivided,  but  the  subdivision 
did  not  keep  pace  with  the  building,  and  as  a 
result  there  were  seven  miles  less  of  unbuilt-up 
streets  at  the  end  of  the  year  than  at  the  com- 
mencement. Acre  property  within  the  cit>- 
limits  is  getting  very  scarce,  and  the  demand 
for  residence  property  has  grown  so  rapidly  that 
values  do  not  compare  at  all  with  those  of  a  few 
years  ago.  The  extreme  western  district  is  now 
very  largely  built  up,  and  the  price  at  which 
lots  are  held  is  restricting  improvements  to  thos? 
of  a  very  costly  character.  In  the  extreme 
northwest,  the  extension  of  the  Benton-Bellefon- 
taiue  road  and  its  equipment  of  electricity,  to- 
gether with  the  construction  of  the  Belt  Railroad 
has  caused  an  awakening,  and  the  sales  in  this 
section  have  been  very  large  in  consequence.  A 
number  of  New  St.  Louis  men  have  made  their 
lu)mes  in  the  extreme  south  of  the  city,  where 
building  has  been  carried  on  with  great  activity 
and  where  the  \acant  lots  are  becoming  more 
and  more  scarce. 

Another  characteristic  of  the  new  buildings, 
in  addition  to  the  more  general  use  of  brick  and 
stone,  is  the  improved  architectural  excellence 
and  the  increased  value  generally.  In  the  resi- 
dence portions  of  the  city,  which  were  more 
especially  referred  to  in  the  opening  remarks 
of  this  chapter,  the  change  is  remarkable. 
.■\bout  eighteen  months  ago  a  large  delegation 
from  the  National  Press  .'Xs.sociation  was  enter- 
tained in  St.  Louis,  and  the  visitors  were  driven 
over  the  city  in  carriages  placed  at  their  dis- 
posal. They  were  not  asked  their  opinions  as 
to  the  city,  Imt  voluntarily  expressed  them;  and 
the  sentiment  was  unanimous  that  in  no  part  of 
the  world  were  so  large  a  number  of  architect- 
ural styles  represented  as  in  St.  Louis.    Coming 


96 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


BIRTH  OF  THE 
LOFTY  OFFICE-BUILDING  ERA. 


from  men  and  women  who  have  traveled  from 
iVIaine  to  California,  and  many  of  them  from 
New  York  to  London,  Paris,  Berlin,  Vienna 
and  Florence,  an  expression  of  opinion  of  this 
kind  natnrally  has  weight;  and  when  one  of  the 
most  inveterate  Bohemians  in  the  crowd  said 
that  there  was  more  home-pride  in  St.  Louis 
than  in  any  other  city  he  had  visited,  the  senti- 
ment was  warmly  ajjplauded  by  his  companions 
and  appreciated  by  his  hearers.  The  greatest 
ambition  of  a  sticcessful  St.  Louis  manufacturer, 
merchant  or  professional  man  seems  to  be  to 
build  for  himself  a  jialatial  home  and  to  sur- 
round it  with  all  the  luxury  and  beauty  which 
money  can  procure. 

"Ground  costs 
money  and  air 
does  not,"  re- 
marked Jay  Gould  on  one  occasion  when  dis- 
cussing the  nun:ber  of  stories  of  which  buildings 
should  be  composed.  Old  St.  Louis  did  not 
appreciate  the  importance  of  this  fact,  and  the 
buildings  in  the  city  were  seldom  more  than  six 
stories  high,  and  very  frequently  only  four  or 
five.  New  St.  Louis,  on  the  other  hand,  has 
made  high  buildings  a  specialty,  and  although 
sky-scrapers  twenty  stories  high  have  not  found 
favor  here,  the  most  popular  office-buildings  are 
those  which  vary  in  height  from  ten  to  fourteen 
stories.  Both  t\pes  of  St.  Louis  are  still  repre- 
sented in  its  commercial  and  professional  build- 
ings. In  the  extreme  eastern  section  of  the 
business  quarter,  where  at  one  time  all  the  im- 
portant transactions  of  the  "  Future  Great "  were 
planned  and  carried  out,  there  are  still  to  be 
found  a  number  of  substantial  buildings  four  or 
six  stories  high  with  few,  if  any,  modern  con- 
veniences, with  slow  elevator  ser\-ice  and  with 
a  minimum  of  light.  jMany  of  these  buildings 
are  still  in  good  order,  and  hence  the  old-style 
office-building  dies  hard,  although  the  competi- 
tion of  the  new  type  of  building  is  felt  very 
keenly. 

Ten  years  ago  this  old-style  office-building 
was  regarded  as  the  correct  thing,  although  in 
other  cities  the  theory  which  Jay  Gould  sul^se- 
quently  expressed    so    concisely    had  been  ap- 


preciated and  the  air  was  being  encroached  upon 
with  considerable  rapidity.  Now,  however. 
New  St.  Louis  is  represented  by  more  than 
twenty  ofhce-buildings  of  absolutely  the  first 
class,  and  these  are  not  surpassed  in  any  other 
city,  although,  as  already  mentioned,  extremes 
of  height  such  as  are  fomid  in  Chicago  or  New 
York  luu'C  not  been  attempted  here.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  score  of  buildings  specially  deserving 
mention  as  types  of  the  New  St.  Louis  idea, 
there  are  others  of  recent  construction  almost  as 
magnificent  and  embracing  every  iuiiiroxemeut 
calculated  to  increase  the  capacity  of  the  struct- 
ures and  the  convenience  of  the  tenants.  An 
excellent  municipal  ordinance  forbids  the  erec- 
tion of  a  building  in  St.  Louis  more  than  100 
feet  in  height  unless  its  interior  construction  is 
absolutely  fire-proof.  Hence  the  new  ofllice-build- 
ings  are  in  no  sense  of  the  word  fire-traps,  but 
are  rather  to  be  looked  upon  as  safer  than  the 
small  buildings  they  have  superseded,  which 
had  Init  indifferent  means  of  egress  in  case  of 
fire,  and  whose  material  was  more  or  less  com- 
bustible— and  generally  more. 

The  era  of  the  fire-proof  office-building  in 
St.  Louis  dates  back  to  about  the  year  1X8.'), 
when  the  Equitable  Building  on  Sixth  and  Lo- 
cust streets  was  enlarged  and  heightened.  This 
fine  structure  was  originally  six  stories  high.  It 
was  the  pioneer  of  modern  office-buildings  in 
St.  Louis,  and  was  regarded  by  every  one  who 
saw  it  as  a  distinct  advance  on  anything  yet  at- 
tempted in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  Being  abso- 
luteh'  fire-proof  and  exceiitioually  well  arranged, 
there  was  quite  a  run  on  its  offices,  and  instead 
of  tenants  being  sought,  the  only  difficulty  the 
management  had  to  contend  with  was  filling  the 
demands  of  applicants.  It  was  decided  to  have 
the  foundation  and  walls  carefully  examined  and 
to  increase  the  height  from  six  to  ten  stories  if 
the  plan  were  endorsed  by  competent  engineers. 
The  examination  proved  that  the  structure  was 
strong  enough  to  bear  the  weight  of  six  addi- 
tional stories  easily,  but  the  original  plan  was 
carried  out,  and  the  Equitable  Building  raised  its 
head  ten  stories  high,  a  monument  to  tlie  enter- 
prise of  its  owners  and  to  the  determination  of 


BU//J)/NG  IMPROVEMENTS. 


97 


New  St.  Louis  tu  liave  the  best  of  cverythino; 
lliat  science  had  perfected.  To-day  the  Equi- 
tal)le  Building  does  not  rank  anuiu.tj  the  very 
highest  St.  Louis  buildings,  but  in  Ic^^s.")  and  lXiS() 
it  was  looked  upon  with  as  much  admiration  as 
the  Union  Trust  Building  is  now. 

The  Laclede  Building  is  generally  regarded 
as  the  pioneer  of  the  lofty  fire-proof  buildings  of 
St.  Louis.  There  were  a  great  many  projects 
about  the  year  1885  looking  to  the  erectiou  of 
buildings  of  this  character,  but  the  first  scheme 
of  magnitude  invohed  the  erection  of  a  ten-storv 
building,  to  be  known  as  the  Union  liuilding, 
on  the  southwest  corner  of  Olive  and  Fourth 
streets.  In  the  winter  of  1885  and  188(!  the  old 
improvements  of  this  comer  were  torn  down, 
and  it  was  announced  that  a  large  body  of  Chi- 
cago capitalists  were  behind  the  scheme,  and 
were  about  to  erect  a  building  of  gigantic  pro- 
portions. Fairy  tales  concerning  the  proportions 
and  decorations  of  the  new  building  abounded, 
but  local  suspicion  was  aroused  when  the  exca- 
vations were  left  \intouched  week  after  week, 
and  the  final  announcement  that  the  wealth  of 
the  capitalists  had  not  materialized,  caused 
more  regret  than  surprise.  The  unrealized  hoije 
was  not  only  an  eye-sore,  but  also  a  source  of 
ridicule,  and  a  number  of  St.  Louis  capitalists, 
who  did  not  boast  of  fabulous  wealth  but  who 
had  a  reputation  for  completing  e\ery  project 
with  which  they  connected  themsel\-es,  took 
hold  of  the  enterprise  and  erected  the  Laclede 
lUiikling.  The  Laclede  Building  is  not  the  pal- 
ace covered  by  the  plans  of  the  Union  Building, 
but  is  a  fnst-class  office  structure,  fire-proof 
throughout,  and  couslructed  of  Missouri  granite, 
iron  and  brick.  The  hall  walls  are  of  jiolished 
Uerdillo  marble  and  i)late  glass,  and  the  halls 
and  ceilings  are  of  marble.  The  building  was 
watched  with  great  interest  while  in  course  of 
construction,  and  when  it  was  finished  its  ele- 
vator capacity,  arrangements  for  ventilatiou  aud 
for  the  transaction  of  ])usiness,  as  well  as  the 
completeness  of  its  furnishings,  not  only  excited 
the  admiration  of  St.  Louis  people  generally,  but 
encouraged  the  perfecting  of  projects  for  a 
number  of  similar  and  even  superior  buildings. 


EARLY  WORK  ON 
FIRE-PROOF  STRUCTURES. 


At  about  the 
same  time  the 
Commercial  Build- 
ing was  designed.  In  the  early  days  of  New 
St.  Louis  the  .southeast  corner  of  Si.xth  and 
Olive  streets  was  encumbered  by  improvements 
of  a  very  inferior  character,  many  years  behind 
the  times.  A  syndicate  was  formed  and  a  lea.se 
negotiated  for  ninety-nine  years,  at  $20,000  a 
year,  with  a  clause  that  a  building  to  cost  not 
less  than  .^200, 000  should  be  erected  on  the  site 
within  the  space  of  three  years.  As  a  result  of 
this  undertaking,  the  Commercial  Building  was 
designed  and  completed,  the  cost  of  constnic- 
tion  being  about  three  times  the  minimum  stated 
in  the  lease. 

The  Commercial  Building  has  since  been  out- 
classed in  height,  but  it  is  .still  looked  upon 
as  one  of  the  most  substantial  and  con\-enient 
office-buildings  in  the  West.  Mi.ssouri  granite 
and  St.  Louis  pressed  brick,  two  of  the  best 
building  materials  to  be  found  in  the  world, 
were  used  in  the  exterior  construction,  with  the 
columns,  pilasters  and  lintels  of  iron.  The 
building  is  absolutely  fire-proof,  and  has  U>2 
office-rooms.  Georgia  marble  was  used  largely 
in  the  corridors  and  wainscoting,  and  a  perfect 
system  of  elevators,  fotir  in  number,  was  put  in. 
Like  the  Equitable  and  Laclede,  the  Commer- 
cial Building  was  in  its  earh'  days  visited  by 
Iniudreds  of  spectators,  and  e\-en  now  our  best 
office-buildings  are  regarded  as  an  attraction  by 
sojourners  in  other  cities. 

It  is  not  suggested  that  the  three  buildings 
first  mentioned  were  actually  the  three  first  to  be 
completed  aud  occupied,  the  order  being  rather 
that  of  the  negoliatit)ns  which  resulted  in  the 
inauguration  of  a  rule  which  has  changed  the 
aspect  of  down-town  St.  Louis  and  attracted 
the  admiration  of  all.  Olive  street,  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  the  Federal  Building,  was  largely 
reconstructed  during  the  days  of  the  fire-proof 
office-building  awakening.  Work  was  com- 
menced on  the  Odd  Fellows'  Building,  at  the 
corner  of  Xiuth  and  Olive  streets,  very  early  in 
the  re\i\al.  Thelmilding  is  almost  faultless  in 
its  con.struclion,  and  the  sunnnit  of   its  tower 


98 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


is  236  feet  high.  Missouri  granite,  both  rock- 
faced  and  polished,  was  used  in  the  construction 
of  the  first  story,  and  the  seven  stories  above 
are  of  St.  Louis  pressed  brick.  Iron  and  steel 
pillars  and  girders  were  freely  used,  and  the  en- 
tire work  is  exceptionally  massive  and  last- 
ing. The  foundations  are  so  strong  that  they 
would  probably  hold  a  building  nearly  twice  as 
high  as  the  one  now  upon  them.  The  corridors 
are  tiled  with  white  marble,  and  the  wainscot- 
ing is  of  the  best  Georgia  grav  and  white  mar- 
ble.  The  building,  which  cost  over  $<J00,000, 
was  completed  in  the  spring  of  1889.  A  por- 
tion of  it  is  occupied  by  the  Odd  Fellows'  halls, 
offices  and  library,  but  the  offices  available  for 
the  public  are  occupied  by  professional  and 
business  men,  and  are  replete  with  everj'  con- 
venience. 

Adjoining  the  Odd  Fellows'  Building,  and 
erected  almost  sinuiltaneously  with  it  is  the 
Fagin  Building,  unique  in  its  features  and  a 
structure  which  has  been  both  praised  and  criti- 
cised by  experts.  It  is  unlike  any  other  office- 
building  in  the  city,  and  the  front  is  constructed 
almost  entirely  of  granite  and  glass.  It  is  ten 
stories  high,  and  the  available  space  in  the  in- 
terior is  1,().")2,()0U  square  feet.  The  building, 
despite  some  early  criticisms,  is  strong  and  at- 
tractive. Its  plan  involves  an  abundance  of 
light,  and,  although  its  entrance  is  not  as  at- 
tractive and  handsome  as  a  building  of  such 
altitude  and  cost  would  seem  to  demand,  it  is  a 
grand  building  and  has  undoubtedly  had  its  in- 
fluence in  a  most  important  direction  on  the 
office-building  work  of  St.  Louis. 

On  Eighth  street,  also  opposite  the  Federal 
Building  and  almost  at  the  corner  of  Olive,  is 
the  Turner  Building,  which,  it  is  claimed,  was 
the  first  building  erected  in  St.  Louis  fire-proof 
in  every  part.  It  is  less  lofty  than  some  of  its 
neighbors,  but  is  a  very  handsome,  substantial 
structure,  with  every  possible  convenience  for 
its  tenants. 

The  American  Central  Building,  on  Broadway 
and  Locust  street,  was  reconstructed  during  the 
same  period,  and  the  Bank  of  Commerce  Building 
and  a  large  number  of  factories  and  what  may 


THE 
HIGHEST  OF  THEM  ALL 


be  termed  individual  business  establishments 
were  also  erected.  The  year  1889  found  the 
office-building  question  practicallv  settled  and 
down-town  St.  Louis  equipped  with  structures 
and  offices  handsome  enough  to  do  credit  to  any 
city  and  apparently  numerous  enough  to  meet 
every  deuuind.  It  was  even  suggested  that  the 
work  had  been  overdone  and  that  there  would 
be  a  difficulty  in  renting  the  offices  in  the  new 
buildings.  Looked  at  from  the  standpoint  of 
St.  Louis  in  1893  the  forecast  appears  ludi- 
crous, for  during  the  last  three  or  four  j-ears  the 
activity  of  the  fire-proof-lofty-structure-builder 
has  more  than  redoubled,  and  on  every  side 
there  are  to  be  seen  grand  edifices  not  then  so 
much  as  contemplated. 

The  highest  of  these 
mostrecentoffice-build- 
ings  is  the  Union  Trust 
Building,  at  the  comer  of  Seventh  and  01i\'e 
streets.  This  building,  which  is  now  practically 
completed,  is  fourteen  stories  high,  or,  if  the 
plan  of  counting  basement  and  attic,  common 
in  some  cities,  is  adopted,  there  are  really  six- 
teen stories.  The  building  occupied  about  a 
year  and  a  half  in  construction,  including  the 
time  de\-oted  to  tearing  down  the  old  iuipro\-e- 
meuts  and  in  digging  out  the  foundations.  Much 
longer  time  would  have  been  required  but  for 
the  adoption  of  what  is  known  as  the  steel  skele- 
ton system  of  construction.  Without  this  aid  to 
building,  the  walls  and  doors  in  the  lower  stories 
would  have  had  to  be  exceptionally  thick  and 
massive  to  hold  the  weight,  but  the  plan  adopted 
obviated  this  difficulty  and  added  immensely  to 
the  floor-space  of  the  building.  Pillars  of  rolled 
steel  and  iron  are  extended  from  the  foundation 
to  the  roof,  and  these  are  all  sufficiently  strong, 
not  only  to  hold  the  enormous  weight  resting 
up«n  them,  but  also  to  stand  the  strain  of  high 
winds  and  tempestuous  weather.  The  floor- 
beams  and  girders  are  also  of  rolled  steel  riveted 
to  the  uprights,  and  the  whole  building  is  thus 
one  united  mass,  the  strain  being  divided  over 
an  immense  area.  The  precautious  taken  in 
the  design  to  secure  rigidity  have  proven  en- 
tirely successful,    and  the  building  is   now  as 


BUI  LI)  IXC  IM/'KO  VEMENTS. 


'.19 


solid  and  substantial  as  tlioiigh  it  stood  but  two 
stories  lii>,di. 

The  building  is  fire-proof  in  fact  as  well  as  in 
name.  Hollow  fire  clay  tile  was  used  largely  in 
the  construction,  and  the  stair-cases  and  even 
the  elevator  guide-posts  are  of  incombustible 
material,  so  that  in  the  event  of  fire  notliing  but 
desks,  chairs,  window-frames  and  doors  would 
burn.  The  building  has  a  frontage  of  128  feet  on 
Olive  street  and  84  feet  on  Seventh  street,  with 
the  advantage  of  a  wide  alley,  which  practically 
gives  it  three  fronts.  The  internal  court,  front- 
ing southward  on  (Jlive  street,  adds  to  the  front- 
age so  much  that,  although  there  are  300  offices 
in  the  building,  the  windows  of  each  one  opens 
direct  into  the  air,  if  not  sunlight.  Two  hun- 
dred and  forty  offices  face  the  streets,  and  these 
are  being  rapidly  occupied  by  tenants.  The 
external  construction  is  of  buff  terra  cotta  for 
the  two  lowest  stories,  buff  brick  to  the  thir- 
teenth and  terra  cotta  at  the  summit.  The  ap- 
jtearance  is  unique  and  somewhat  peculiar,  and 
the  material  used  is  of  a  character  to  withstand 
tlie  attacks  of  smoke  and  dust  and  retain  its 
color  almost  indefinitely.  Two  thousand  tons 
of  iron  have  been  used  in  the  construction,  and 
lliere  are  more  than  seven  miles  of  steam,  water 
and  escape  pipes  in  the  building.  Three  miles 
of  electric  wire  were  also  used  in  the  equip- 
ments, and  about  2.'), 000  square  feet  of  marble 
and  mosaic  were  required.  The  halls  and  cor- 
ridors are  richly  decorated  with  marble,  and  the 
windows  are  of  polished  plate  glass.  The  ele- 
\ator  service  is  exceptionally  good,  and  in  every 
office  there  is  a  hot  and  cold  water  supply  serv- 
ice. A  million  dollars  has  been  mentioned  as 
the  probable  jirice  of  this  loft\'  and  remarkable 
structure,  but,  although  a  detailed  statement 
lias  not  been  published,  there  can  be  no  doubt 
that  the  outlay  has  been  ve:y  largel)'  in  excess 
of  the  sum  named. 

SECVRITV  BVILDINU  '^''^^  Security  Building, 
on  the  southwest  corner  of 
Fourth  and  Locust  streets, 
while  not  so  lofty  as  the 
Union  Tnist,  is  probably  the  most  magnificent 
fire-proof  structure    in    the    West.       It     is    ten 


AND 
NOONDAY  CLUB. 


Stories  high,*  and  its  roof  l.jfi  feet  0  inches 
above  the  sidewalk.  In  its  construction  only 
the  most  costly  materials  were  used,  and  the 
building  cost  considerably  in  excess  of  $1,000,- 
000.  The  internal  decorations  are'  on  a  par 
with  the  magnificent  outside  work,  and  the 
building  has  a  substantial,  valuable  appearance 
which  excites  connnent  from  every  visitor.  The 
entrance  to  the  elevators,  from  a  most  attractive 
and  unusually  convenient  rotunda,  is  artistic  in 
the  extreme;  and  the  mosaic  floors  are  aesthetic 
enough  for  an  art  nuiseum  or  a  picture  gallerv. 
The  offices  are  replete  with  every  possible  con- 
venience, and  are  as  elegant  as  money  could 
possibly  make  them.  The  tenth  floor  is  occu- 
pied entirely  by  the  reception  and  dining-rooms 
of  the  Noonday  Club,  one  of  the  latest  additions 
to  the  commercial  clubs  of  St.  Louis.  It  was 
established  in  LSi)3,  with  300  members,  consist- 
ing of  presidents  and  leading  members  of  some 
of  the  largest  and  most  wealthy  firms  of  the 
city. 

The  Securit\-  Building  fronts  on  Locust  street, 
with  two  wings  extending  south,  one  on  the  east, 
and  one  on  the  west  side.  The  club  rooms 
are  thus  divided  into  three  divisions.  The 
central  portion  contains  the  restaurant,  which 
on  special  occasions  is  converted  into  a  banquet- 
ing hall.  This  room  is  finished  in  light  colors, 
verging  to  a  very  pale  brown  and  cream  white. 
The  west  wing  contains  a  regular  lunch-room, 
with  the  kitchens  overhead,  in  what  may  be 
described  as  the  attic  addition  to  the  buildin<r. 
The  lunch-room  is  finished  in  harmonious  colors, 
and  has  windows  on  three  sides.  The  billiard 
hall  is  equally  well  provided  with  light.  The 
floors  have  been  varnished  into  a  glossy  cherrv 
color,  and  the  walls  are  painted  a  deep  wine- 
red,  the  ceiling  being  pale  green.  The  appoint- 
ments of  the  club,  generally,  are  thoroughly 
in  keeping  with  the  design  of  the  organization, 
and  willi  the  general  elegance  and  excellence  of 
the  building  in  wliich  it  is  situated. 


•Only  complete  and  full-sized  floors  are  counted.  The 
Security  Ruilding  lias  also  a  basement  and  an  attic,  and 
hence  niij;ht  be  spoken  of  as  a  twelve-story  bniMinij.  It 
is  always  the  rule  in  St.  L,ouis  to  understate,  rather  than 
exaggerate. 


lOG 


OLD  AND  iXliW  ST.  LOUIS. 


TWENTY-SIX    BUILDINGS 

COSTING  MORE 

THAN  $500,000  EACH. 


Mention  lias  already 
been  made  of  thetliree 
exceptionally  magnifi- 


cent new  structnres  of 
St.  Louis — the  Union  Depot,  the  City  Hall  and 
the  New  Planters'  House.  In  this  chapter  a 
few  representative  buildings  of  the  New  St. 
lyouis  type  have  been  selected.  It  has  not  been 
attempted  to  refer  to  every  large  building  con- 
structed during  the  last  five  or  six  years,  because 
even  a  brief  description  of  these  would  occupy 
the  space  allotted  to  several  chapters.  Only 
those  who  have  given  the  question  careful  atten- 
tion realize  the  stupendous  nature  of  the  work  the 
local  builder  and  contractor  has  done.  It  is  im- 
portant to  bear  in  mind  that  early  in  the  present 
year  there  were  actually  in  course  of  construc- 
tion more  than  twenty-six  buildings,  each  aver- 
ao-inof  in  cost  more  than  i?.")()il,(t(Ki.  These 
included  an  immense  number  of  new  factories 
to  take  the  place,  in  some  instances,  of  build- 
ings which  had  ceased  to  be  available  for  the 
purposes  desired,  and  also  to  provide  accommo- 
dation for  increased  business  and  new  firms. 
Prior  to  this  date  there  had  been  erected,  in  ad- 
dition to  those  already  mentioned,  such  magnifi- 
cent structures  as  the  Bell  Telephone  Building, 
in  which  the  Builders'  Exchange  has  its  head- 
quarters; the  new  Globe-Democrat  Building, 
and  the  Roe,  Houser  and  Oriel  buildings.  The 
twenty-six  buildings  referred  to  as  being  either 
in  course  of  construction  or  having  contracts 
completed  at  the  commencement  of  18il3  were 
as  follows,  the  prices  given  being  those  named 
in  the  building  permits,  which,  it  will  be  seen, 
aggregate  about  $14,000,000: 

New  Planters'  House,  twelve  stories,  Fourth 
street,  between  Pine  and  Chestnut  streets, 
$1,000, 000;  the  Colonnade,  ten  stories,  com- 
prising a  hotel,  theatre  and  arcade,  an  office- 
building  and  a  Turkish  bath  establishment,  to 
occupy  a  half  block  on  Ninth  street,  between 
Olive  and  Locust  streets,  §1,100,000;  a  hotel, 
not  yet  named,  ten  stories,  on  Ninth  street,  cor- 
ner of  Pine  street,  $.J0O,O()O;  Imperial  Hotel, 
ten  stories,  corner  of  Market  and  Eighteenth 
Streets,   $1,200,000;    City    Hall,  in    old  Wash- 


ington Park,  fronting  on  Market,  between 
Twelfth  and  Thirteenth  .streets,  .^2,000,000;  uew 
I'nion  Depot,  Market  street,  south  side,  between 
lughteeuth  and  Twentieth  streets,  $1,000,000;* 
Hammctt-.Vuderson- Wade's  Columbia  Building, 
southeast  corner  of  Eighth  and  Locust  streets, 
$;;00,000;  Mills  &  Averill's  building,  on  Chest- 
nut street,  twelve  stories,  ^(iOii.ooO;  Patterson 
Building,  southeast  corner  of  OIi\e  and  Twelfth 
streets,  ten  stories,  $2.")0,000;  Fair  Building, 
southwest  corner  of  Seventh  and  Franklin  ave- 
nue, Sl.'iO.OOO;  Nelson  Building,  south  side  of 
.St.  Charles,  east  of  Twelfth,  eight  stories, 
.':' 100,000;  Hoyle  Building,  southwest  corner  of 
Third  and  Locu.st  streets,  $75,000;  McCormack 
Building,  north  side  of  Chestnut,  between 
Eighth  and  Ninth  streets,  .4!7r),000;  Interstate 
Imestment  Co.'s  Building,  southeast  corner  of 
Ninth  and  Washington  avenue,  .$100,000;  I!cn- 
oist  Building,  .southeast  corner  of  p;ie\enth  and 
Olive  streets,  $7.5,000;  F.  A.  Drew  Building, 
southeast  corner  of  Twelfth  and  St.  Charles 
streets,  $125,000;  Culver  Building,  southeast 
corner  of  Twelfth  and  Locust  streets,  $90,000; 
new  Board  of  Education  Building,  northwest 
corner  of  Locust  and  Ninth  streets,  $400,000; 
Rialto  Building,  ten  stories,  southeast  corner  of 
Fourth  and  Olive  streets,  $.')00,000;  Security 
Building,  ten  .stories.  Fourth  and  Locust  streets, 
$1,.")00,000;  Waiuwright  Building,  nine  stories, 
northwest  corner  of  Se\enth  and  Chestnut 
streets,  $()00,000;  Union  Trust  Compain-  Build- 
ing, fourteen  stories,  northwest  corner  of  Sev- 
enth and  Olive  streets,  $1,000,000;  Puritan 
Building,  north  side  of  Locust,  between  Sev- 
enth and  Eighth  streets,  nine  .stories,  $150,000; 
Me}-er  Building,  southeast  corner  of  Washing- 
ton avenue  and  Eighth  street,  $100,000;  new 
Mercantile  Club  Building,  southeast  corner  of 
Locust  and  Seventh  streets,  $500,000;  Famous 
Building,  west  side  of  Broadway,  between 
Franklin  avenue  and  Morgan  street,  §400,000. 


*.\  comparison  of  the  permit  price  of  this  structure 
with  the  actual  expenditure,  as  outlined  on  page  67,  .-ihows 
better  than  any  argument  in  words  how  iuadetiuatelj'  the 
building  permit  returns  set  forth  the  actual  building  ex- 
penditure. 


BUILDING  IMPRO VEMENTS. 


101 


UBRARV  Am  „  ;^^;.^  Mercantile  Library 

Bmlain<j  was  conipleted  too 
SCHOOL  BUILDINQ.  ^     ,      .      ,     ,    ,  ■        ,  . 

soon  to  be  included  m  this 

list.  It  is  a  fire-proof  structure,  on  the  corner 
of  Broadway  and  Locust  street,  with  the  uj^per 
floors  devoted  to  the  library.  Its  reading-room 
is  one  of  the  largest  and  best  equipped  in  the 
country,  and  it  is  a  great  advance  on  the  old 
structure  which  made  the  library  famous  in  for- 
mer years.  The  Public  Library  Building,  or, 
more  correcth-  speaking,  the  Board  of  Kducatioii 
building,  four  blocks  west  of  this,  is  another 
lofty  and  valuable  building,  as  different  from 
the  old  Polytechnic,  in  which  the  Public  School 
Library  was  situated,  as  New  St.  Louis  dif- 
fers from  Old.  Among  the  strictly  18!i;3  build- 
ings not  already  described,  but  which  must  be 
mentioned  as  remarkable  evidences  of  the  build- 
ing activity  of  New  St.  Louis,  is  the  new  High 
School  on  Grand  avenue.  This  building  has  a 
front  facade  i>()()  feet  in  length  and  147  feet 
deep.  Brick,  ornamented  with  red  sandstone, 
forms  the  outer  walls,  the  frcnit  and  two  towers 
being  faced  with  stone  up  to  the  second  floor. 
There  is  an  interior  court  4.')xi;50  feet  for  light 
and  ventilation,  and  the  building  contains,  in 
addition  to  an  immense  number  of  class  and 
study-rooms,  an  assembly-room  about  eighty 
feet  square.  Another  is  the  new^  JMercantile 
Club  P>uilding,  to  which  reference  has  already 
bi.'eu  made.  This  building  has  been  erected  on 
the  site  of  the  old  cltd)  house  and  of  Mr.  Heiir\' 
Shaw's  mansion,  at  the  corner  of  Seventh  and 
Locust  streets.  It  has  a  frontage  of  127  feet  on 
Locust  street,  and  !•<>  feet  on  Seventh  street. 
It  is  six  stories  high,  and  is  constructed  of  Lake 
Superior  red  sandstone,  resting  on  a  granite 
base.  The  ui^jier  floors  are  of  red  brick,  with 
s.iudstonc  trimuiiugs.  The  design  includes  lofty 
balciiuies,  and  a  gabled  Spanish  roof,  giving  the 
building  a  nnitiue  effect,  very  pleasing  to  the 
eye,  as  compared  with  the  llat  roof  so  universal 
in  the  modern  lofty  structures. 

A  block  west  of  this  club,  the  St.  Nicholas 
Hotel  is  in  course  of  construction  and  will  soon 
be  ready  for  occupation.  This  is  another  build- 
ing  in   which   the  style  of  architecture  differs 


materially  from  that  in  general  use,  and  its 
appearance  is  suniciently  handsome  and  even 
antique  to  give  quite  a  name  and  reputation 
to  both  Locust  and  Kighth  streets.  The  esti- 
mated cost  of  the  building  is  about  $^00, ()()(). 
It  is  eight  stories  high  with  a  balcony  and  a 
slanting  red  tiled  roof  with  curved  brick  gables. 
These  gables  are  already  a  .source  of  admiration 
and  by  the  time  the  finishing  strokes  have  been 
put  to  the  work  tlie  buikling  will  certainly  be 
an  ornament  to  the  city.  Among  the  peculiari- 
ties of  the  internal  .structure  may  be  mentioned 
the  ball-room,  which  is  to  occupy  the  upper- 
most floor.  This  will  be  one  of  the  mo.st  gor- 
geous ball-rooms  in  the  country,  and  is  likelv  to 
be  used  very  largely  for  entertainments  of  a 
j)ublic  and  semi-pri\-ate  character. 

No  reference  to  the  buildings  of  l.s<(3  can  be 
complete  without  something  more  than  a  pass- 
ing mention  of  the  Rialto  Building  on  the  south- 
east corner  of  Fourth  and  Olive  streets,  a 
thoroughfare  which  in  years  gone  by  was  the 
center  of  commerce  of  the  city,  but  which  in 
the  earl)-  days  of  New  St.  Louis  was  rather  out- 
classed by  streets  slightly  more  western.  The 
new  hotel,  the  Security  and  Laclede  buildings 
and  the  Rialto  are  only  four  evidences  of  the 
determination  of  j^ropertv  owners  to  restore  the 
street  to  its  former  commercial  precedence  and 
grandeur.  The  Rialto  Building  is  ten  stories 
high  and  is  con.stnicted  of  .steel  and  iron  encased 
ill  massive  blocks  of  granite  and  red  sandstone. 
It  fronts  ninety  feet  on  Fourth  street  and  rather 
less  on  Olive  street,  and  its  cost  was  consid- 
erably in  excess  of  $.')t)0,0()().  The  external 
appearance  is  rendered  attractive  by  the  archi- 
tectural de\ice  to  increase  the  light  and  capacity 
of  the  offices,  and  the  internal  arrangements  are 
complete  in  the  extreme,  the  elevator  plan  being 
remarkable  for  its  sim]ilicity  and  good  service. 
Adjoining,  and  in  the  shadow  of  this  building,  is 
the  Bank  of  the  Republic  structure.  This  bank 
was  established  on  Ninth  and  Olive  streets, 
where  it  has  built  up  a  large  and  lucrative  con- 
nection. It  has,  however,  decided  to  move  on 
Fourth  street,  and  has  erected  a  building  one 
story  high  and   remarkably  attractive  in   its  ap- 


102 


OLD  AXn  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


IN  THE 

WHOLESALE  SECTION 

OF  THE  CITY. 


pearauce.  Tlic  front  is  of  Italian  marble  ex- 
quisitely carved  in  draped  figures,  and  the  entire 
roof  is  of  heavy  glass.  Instead  of  erecting 
a  high  building  and  renting  the  upper  offices, 
the  bank  preferred  the  more  costly  plan  of  a 
one-story  building  devoted  entireh-  to  its  own 
use.  The  structure  is  thirt}--five  feet  high,  and 
each  foot  cost  about  $1,0UU  to  construct. 

Among  the  buildings 
costing  upwards  of 
$500,000  and  erected  in 
18il3,  was  the  Martin 
Building,  on  Tenth  street,  between  Washington 
and  Christy  avenues.  This  is  right  in  the 
center  of  what  may  be  termed  the  wholesale 
district  of  St.  Louis,  and  the  building  is  designed 
exclusively  for  wholesale  purposes.  It  occupies 
a  space  of  70x205  feet,  and  is  eight  stories  high. 
The  two  first  stories  are  in  blue  Bedford  stone, 
the  rcnuuudcr  being  in  light  colored  Roman 
brick  with  terra  cotta  trimmings.  There  is  a 
court  in  the  center  entered  through  an  arched 
gateway  on  Tenth  street.  The  Collier  Block  is 
on  Washington  avenue.  Fourth,  and  St.  Charles 
streets,  and  when  completed  will  occupy  an  en- 
tire half  block,  with  side  frontages  of  150  feet  on 
both  Washington  avenue  and  St.  Charles  street. 
The  main  floors  are  of  iron  columns  filled  in  with 
plate  glass,  and  the  upper  floors  are  of  dark  gray 
brick  with  terra  cotta  trimmings,  surmounted 
above  the  sixth  floor  by  a  Florentine  cornice. 

The  Columbian  Club  House  and  the  new 
Good  Shepherd  Convent,  although  not  strictly 
commercial  structures,  were  in  course  of  erec- 
tion during  IS'.i;')  at  a  total  cost  approximating 
$750,000.  The  Columbian  Club  House  is  sit- 
.  uated  at  the  corner  of  Lindell  boulevard  and 
Vandeventer  avenue.  It  is  a  good  type  of  the 
Italian  renaissance  st}le  of  architecture,  with  a 
facade  of  buff  Roman  brick  and  buff  Bedford 
limestone.  The  building  is  four  stories  high 
and  has  a  frontage  of  114  feet.  The  new  Good 
Shepherd  Convent,  costing  nearly  $500,000,  is 
in  course  of  construction  on  Gravois  avenue,  a 
little  west  of  Grand.  The  tract  of  land  was 
presented  by  Adolphus  Busch,  and  upon  it  is 
being   constructed  a  building  in    Romanesque 


style,  with  little  unnecessary  ornamentation  but 
of  large  capacity.  The  principal  facade  is  400 
feet  long,  and  the  building  is  three  stories  high. 
Space  prevents  a  detailed  description  of  all 
the  elegant  buildings  in  course  of  construction 
at  the  present  time,  or  which  have  been  built 
during  the  last  three  years,  but  enough  has  been 
written  to  show  that  capitalists  ha\-e  an  un- 
limiu-(l  confidence  in  the  future  of  New  vSt.  Louis 
and  are  willing  at  all  times  to  in\est  freely  in 
buildings  of  the  better  class.  And  it  is  very 
important  to  emphasize  the  fact  that,  although 
the  }ear  1893  has  been  in  e\cry  way  nufa\-or- 
able  for  new  enterprises  and  generally  discourag- 
ing for  mercantile  interests,  there  has  been  no 
difficulty  in  renting  the  rooms  and  offices  in  the 
new  buildings,  although  the  apartments  now 
number  se\eral  thousand.  Favorite  offices  in 
the  best  buildings  having  the  very  best  sites 
and  locations  have  been  secured  long  before 
work  was  completed,  and  the  rapidits'  with 
which  the  new  buildings  have  filled  up  is  a 
striking  testimony  to  the  expansion  of  St.  Louis 
and  its  manufacturing,  commercial  and  finan- 
cial interests.  No  city  on  the  continent  has 
been  transformed  more  completely  by  aid  of  the 
builder  and  contractor  during  the  last  six  or 
eight  years,  yet  the  percentage  of  vacant  offices 
in  St.  Louis  is  smaller  than  in  any  other  large 
city.  In  other  words, phenomenal  as  has  been  the 
increase  in  building,  the  demand  has  more  than 
kept  pace  with  that  increase;  and  from  every 
appearance  it  is  still  continuing  to  grow. 

The  growth  of  the   city, 
and  the  immense  expendi- 
ture on  improvements,  has 
REALTY  PRICES.      ,^^^^^  ^  ^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^  ^^  ^j^^ 

value  of  real  estate.  There  has  never  been  any 
wildcat  speculation  in  the  city,  and,  although 
the  transactions  have  frequently  shown  a  total 
consideration  money  exceeding  on  an  average 
§1,000,000  a  week,  and  continuing  for  many 
weeks,  the  bulk  of  the  investing  has  been  for  the 
purpose  of  improvement,  and  not  for  mere  specula- 
tion. It  is  on  record  that  the  ground  now  bounded 
by  ;\Iarket  and  Wash  streets,  and  by  Broadwa>- 
and  Jefferson  avenue,  was  once  sold  for  $4,000 


A  COMPARISON 
OP 


BUILDING  IMPRO VEMENTS. 


103 


in  casli  and  2,4()U  levies  of  furs.  The  value 
of  this  property  to-day  exceeds  $2,J0, ()()(), ()()(), 
and  it  inchides  some  of  the  most  costly  frout- 
a.i^es  in  vSt.  Louis.  There  are  several  fronta.y;es 
worth  more  jier  foot  than  was  paid  for  this 
entire  tract  in  the  cil)'s  early  days.  Thus,  the 
corner  of  Ihoadway  and  Olive  street  is  esti- 
mated to  be  worth  more  than  $10,000  a  foot; 
passing  up  Olive  street  the  value  decreases 
slightly  going  west.  Thus,  Seventh  and  01i\-e 
ground  is  worth  about  i^.S, ()()()  a  foot,  while  at 
Twelfth  and  Olive  it  is  worth  $2,. 300.  West  of 
Jefferson  avenue  the  value  decreases  less  rap- 
idly, and  e\eii  as  far  west  as  Jefferson  avenue 
available  corners  sell  at  $l,rjOO  a  foot  front. 
The  average  value  of  Olive  street  property,  be- 
tween Twelfth  street  and  Broadway,  is  $(),8;54; 
and  between  Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  avenue 
it  is  !f!L\()()(».  There  are  about  14,(;00  feet  of 
grouutl  on  ()li\'e  street,  between  Broadway  and 
Jefferson  avenue.  The  value  of  the  property 
between  Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  a\enue  is 
$li),4(i(>,()0();  and  between  Twelfth  street  and 
Broadway  it  is    $;!;}, 24!l, 378. 

These  figures,  of  course,  do  not  include  the 
value  of  any  building  improvements  on  the 
l)roperty.  Olive  street  frontage,  in  the  busi- 
ness part  of  the  city,  is  regarded  as  the  most 
\aluable  property  in  the  city  at  present.  Lo- 
cust street  and  liroadway  is  worth  8(>,()()0  a  foot. 
At  Se\euth  street,  Locust  street  property  is 
worth  !?2,()()0  a  foot;  at  Twelfth  street,  $1,.0(K); 
and  at  Jefferson  avenue,  $300.  The  average 
\alue  per  foot,  west  of  Twelfth  street,  is  $3,l(i(i. 
Between  Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  a\'euue  it 
is  >ilH)()  a  foot.  The  estimated  value  of  the 
properly  on  Locust  street,  between  liroadway 
and  Twelfth  .street,  is  $ir),3!l9,15(),  and  be- 
tween Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  avenue  it  is 
.sS,7.-),S,,S()().  St.  Charles  street  at  Broadway  is 
worth  $4,000  a  foot.  .\t  Seventh  street  it  is 
worth  $1,L'()()  a  foot;  at  Twelfth  street,  $l,."iO(> 
a  front  foot.  West  of  Twelfth  street,  St.  Charles 
street  is  practically  no  street.  Tlie  average 
\alue  of  St.  Charles  street  property,  between 
'Pwelfth  street  aiul  Broadway,  is  $2,233  a  front 
foot,  or  $10.S(;."),77S. 


The  corner  of  Washington  avenue  and  Broad- 
way is  worth  $(j,000  a  front  foot.  At  Seventh 
street,  Washington  avenue  property  is  worth 
$3,000  a  front  foot  ;  at  Twelfth  street,  $2,000; 
and  at  Jefferson  a\enue,  $1,000.  The  average 
value  per  foot,  east  of  Twelfth  street  and  west  of 
Broadway,  is$3,()()7  a  foot,  and  between  Twelfth 
street  and  Jefferson  avenue  the  average  value  is 
$1,.500  a  foot.  The  property  east  of  Twelfth 
street,  on  Washington  avenue,  is  worth  about 
$17,;j;H),.S0().  The  property  on  Washington 
avenue,  between  Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson 
avenue,  is  worth,  appro.ximately,  $14,400,000. 
Lucas  avenue  and  Broadway  is  worth  about 
$3,000  a  foot.  At  Seventh  street,  Lucas  avenue 
property  is  valued  at  $1,000  a  foot;  at  Twelfth 
street,  $'S()0;  and  at  Jefferson  avenue,  $200  a  foot. 
The  average  value  per  foot  between  Twelfth 
street  and  Broadway  is  $1 ,1)00  a  foot;  and  be- 
tween Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  avenue  it  is 
$.500  per  foot.  The  property  on  Lucas  avenue, 
between  Twelfth  street  and  Broadway,  is  worth 
about  $7,(!.S0,()OO;  and  between  Twelfth  street 
and  Jefferson  avenue  it  is  worth  $4,800,000. 
The  corner  of  Morgan  street  and  Broadway  is 
worth  about  $2,00t);  Seventh  and  Morgan  is 
worth  $800  a  foot;  Twelfth  and  IMorgan,  $1,000; 
and  Jefferson  avenue  and  Morgan,  $300  a  foot. 
The  average  value  of  Morgan  street  property, 
between  Twelfth  street  and  Broadway,  is  $1,2(>(!; 
and  the  average  value  of  Morgan  street  property, 
between  Twelfth  street  and  Jefferson  avenue,  is 
$().')0  a  foot.  The  total  value  of  Morgan  street 
property,  between  Twelfth  street  and  Broadway, 
is  $2,.')()0,3r)();  and  between  Twelfth  street  and 
Jefferson  avenue  it  is  $(;,32r),SO().  The  corner 
of  Broadway  and  Franklin  avenue  is  worth 
$4,000  at  foot.  At  Seventh  street,  Franklin  a\  - 
entie  property  is  worth  $1,.")00  a  front  foot;  at 
Twelfth  street,  $l,r)00;  and  at  Jefferson  avenue, 
$7.')0.  The  average  value  per  foot  east  of 
Twelfth  street  is  $3,333;  and  between  Twelfth 
street  and  Jefferson  avenue  it  is  $1,12.").  The  esti- 
mated total  value  of  the  ground  between  Twelfth 
street  and  Broadway,  on  I^ranklin  avenue,  is 
$l."),408,(iS«t;  aiul  between  Twelfth  street  and 
Jefferson  avenue  it  is  $1  l,0'.lit,2:>0. 


104 


OLD  AND  NliW  ST.  LOL'/S. 


ST.  LOUIS  REAL  EST.ATE 
AS  AN  INVESTMENT. 


These  figures  are 
selected  as  evidence 
of  the  growth  in  val- 
ues. It  will  be  noticed  that  they  are  not  specu- 
lative in  any  wa\',  because  nearh'  all  of  the 
property  mentioned  is  inipro\-ed  with  sul)stan- 
tial  buildinos,  and  has  not  been  bought  and  sold 
for  speculation  at  values  based  upon  surmises 
and  possible  growth.  In  the  neighborhood  of 
the  new  Union  Station  the  increase  in  values 
has  been  more  phenomenal  and  more  specula- 
tive. Within  four  years  prices  have  increased 
from  five  to  ten-fold,  although  purchases  are 
made  without  regard  to  the  value  of  existing 
improvements.  The  influence  of  the  enterprise 
of  the  Terminal  Association  has  been  felt  to  so 
marked  an  extent  that  the  neighborhood  within 
a  few  blocks  of  the  depot  is  being  completely 
reconstructed,  and  elegant  hotels,  boarding- 
houses,  stores  and  mercantile  establishments  are 
taking  the  place  of  the  comparati\ely  small 
dwelling-houses  which  monopolized  the  frontage 
during  the  last  decade  of  Old  St.  Louis  and  the 
first  five  or  si.x  years  of  New.  The  heavy  ex- 
penditure in  railroad  improvements  in  the  North 
End  has  had  a  similar  influence  on  values, 
and,  indeed,  at  the  present  time,  it  is  almost 
impossible  to  obtain  property  at  prices  approx- 
imating those  that  were  asked  five  or  six  years 
ago,  and  even  more  recentl}-.  The  sudden  with- 
drawal of  capital  from  investment  during  the 
summer  and  fall  of  l.Hii^  did  not  have  any  ma- 
terial effect  on  values  in  St.  Louis.  The  num- 
ber of  purchasers,  of  course,  was  greatly  reduced, 
and  sales  were  much  harder  to  consummate;  but 
holders  had  such  unlimited  faith  in  both  the 
present  and  future  greatness  of  St.  Louis  that 
they  declined  to  sacrifice,  and  the  number  of 
"hard  times"  sales  at  cut  prices  was  very 
small.  St.  Louis  real  estate  was  the  last  to  feel 
the  influence  of  the  depression,  and  the  first  to 
benefit  by  the  restoration  of  confidence,  and  the 
business  during  the  winter  has  not  been  far  be- 
low the  average.  These  facts  show  that  St.  Louis 
is  not  a  "boom"  town,  and  that,  as  an  invest- 
ment for  large  and  small  sums,  its  real  estate 
offers  advantages  not  to  be  equaled  elsewhere. 


Innnense  fortunes  have  been  made  out  of 
judicious  investments  in  the  city;  and  in  still 
more  instances  substantial  and  satisfactory  re- 
turns have  been  received.  The  reputation  for 
solidity  and  conservatism  in  finances  has  helped 
the  real  estate  interests  of  St.  Louis  to  a  marked 
extent.  The  amount  of  loanable  capital  from  a 
distance  has  always  been  large,  and  one  com- 
jiany  alone,  the  Connecticut  Mutual  Life  In- 
surance Comijany,  has  loaned  upwards  of 
$2t),()()0,0()U  in  St.  Louis  since  its  general 
awakening  and  revival.  Mr.  E.  S.  Rowsc,  who 
has  negotiated  the  loans,  rejoices  in  the  fact 
that  his  books  show  an  absolutely  clean  rec- 
ord, not  a  single  case  of  foreclosure  marring 
their  pages.  This  company  has  loaned  about 
$;i.'),(X)0,()()0  in  the  State,  and  its  success  and 
enterprise  is  merely  quoted  because  of  the  very 
profitable  faith  in  St.  Louis  and  in  Missouri 
which  the  vastness  of  its  operations  demon- 
strates so  conclusi\-ely. 

At  the  time  of  this  writing  millions  of  dollars 
are  known  to  ha\'e  been  withdrawn  from  sjdccu- 
lative  investment  and  placed  in  dejiiosit  vaults, 
where  the  money  is  unproductive.  The  loss  of 
thousands  of  dollars  a  year  in  interest  this  way 
naturally  arouses  capitalists  of  every  grade  to  a 
sense  of  the  error  they  are  committing,  and  the 
indications  are  that  a  greater  portion  of  the 
money  will  be  taken  from  the  "stockings" 
without  further  delay  and  invested  where  it  is 
quite  as  safe  and  a  thousand  times  more  produc- 
ti\e — St.  Louis  real  estate.  The  natural  conse- 
quence will  be  renewed  and  increased  activity 
during  the  coming  }'ear,  with  countless  projects 
of  improvements  and  hundreds  of  new  buildings. 
If  this  work  partook  of  the  nature  of  ad\'ice  to 
investors,  there  would  be  no  better  ending  to 
this  chapter  than  a  recommendation  to  investors 
to  take  time  by  the  forelock  and  make  their 
selections  and  purchases  before  the  enhancement 
of  values  which  the  increased  demand  of  the 
coming  spring  is  certain  to  create.  The  specu- 
lator is  not  very  likely  to  make  a  mistake  if  he 
selects  New  St.  Louis  as  the  field  of  his  opera- 
tions; while  the  investor  has  a  still  greater  guar- 
antee of  satisfactory  returns. 


MUAICII'AL  DlA'lU.Or.MENT. 


1U5 


CHAPTBR    X. 

MUNICIPAL    DEVELOPMENT. 

THE    NEW   WATER-WORKS.-NEW   CITY    HAIL. -NEW   ST.  I.OUIS,  THE   PIONEER   IN   STREET 

SPRINKLING   ANIJ   ELECIKIC    IK  .HUNG. 


Jla 


niE  PROGRESS  made  in  niunicii^al  insti- 
tutions and  features  duiin.sj;  tlie  last  ten 
}ears  ha.s  been  enonuous,  and  the  New 
St.  I^ouisidea  lias  been  warmly  .supported 
and  fostered  by  the  city  authorities. 
In  the  first  chapter  the  city's  incor- 
poration and  the  extension  of  the  city  limits 
from  time  to  time  are  briefly  recorded,  and  in 
i:)ursuance  of  the  plan  on  which  this  work  is 
based,  only  those  features  which  have  a  strong 
bearing  on  the  city's  new  growth  will  be  dealt 
with  at  any  length,  while  nothing  in  the  shape 
of  a  municipal  history  of  Old  St.  Lotiis  will  be 
attempted.  It  is  impossible,  however,  to  omit 
a  tribute  to  the  gemiine  integrity  and  zeal  of  the 
men  who  have  been  placed  at  the  head  of  the 
city  government  from  time  to  time.  The  earlier 
mayors  were  not  assisted  by  commissioners,  as 
now,  and  all  the  detail  Mork  passed  through 
their  haiuls.  At  this  stage  of  the  cit\-'s  history 
the  mayor  is  at  the  head  of  an  immense  l)odv  of 
wnrkers,  aud  the  Board  of  Public  Improvements 
has  a  president  whose  duties  are  as  numerous  as 
the  sands  on  the  sea-shore.  The  other  members 
of  the  board  are  the  street,  water,  sewer,  harljor 
aud  j)ark  commissioners,  each  in  control  of  the 
dei)artuuut  from  which  he  takes  liis  name. 
The  health  department  is  managed  by  a  com- 
missioner who  has  no  seat  in  the  "  H.  P.  I." 
cabinet,  and  among  the  other  heads  of  depart- 
ments are  the  city  register,  the  su]iply  commis- 
sioner and  the  building  commissioner. 

The  following  table,  }.^i\iugthe  names  of  the 
mayors  of  St.  Louis  since  tlie  city's  incorpora- 


tion, and  data  as  to  population,  will  be  of  inter- 
est, and  will  also  show  concisely  how  rapidly 
the  city  has  grown: 


Period  of 

Dnto  nr 

AdmiiiistrBtion. 

Celisil!*. 
1820 

I'oittilHtion. 

1823-28 

Wm.  Carr  Lane 

4.928 
5,852 

1829-32 

Daniel  D.  Page 

1S3(I 

1833 

Samuel   Merry*  - 

1833-34 

J.  \V.  Johnson 

John  V.  Darbv 

1835 

1835-37 

8,316 

1838-39 

Win.  Carr  Lane 

John  F.  Darby 

1840 

1840       

16,469 

1841       

John  D.  Daggelt 

1842       .... 

Oeor*''e  ^la^^uire 

1843       . 

John  JI.  Wimer 



1844^5 

Bernard  I'ratte 

1840       . 

P.  G.  Canulen 

1847       

Hrvan  JliiUanphv 

1848       

John  M.  Kruin  

1849       

James  O.  Barry 

1850-52 

L.  M.  Kenuett..  

18.50 

74,439 

18.53-54 

John  How 

1855 

Washington  King 

John    How    

1856       

l.'^o/       

Jolin  JI.  Wimer 

1S.-)S  60  

(Miver  D.   I-illev 

I860 

160,773 

18U1-62  

Dan.  G.  Tavlor 

18(;3       

Chaun.  I.  I'iUev  

1864-68 

Jas.  .S.  Thomas 

1869-70 

Nathan  Cole 

1870 

310.963 

1871-74 

Joseph  Brown 

1875 

Arthur  Barreltt 

1875 

lames  II.   Brilton 

1S76 

Henry  OverstolzJ  - 

1877  SI 

Henry  Overstot/. 

1880    1 

330.518 

1881    So 

Wm.  I<.  ICwing 

1885-89 

D.    R.  I'rancisi! 

1889 

Geo.  W.  .Mien  i 

18S1)  93 

v..  .\.  Xoonan               

1890 

<M.'>I.770 

18113         1 

C.  P.  Walbri.lge 

1893 

^620,000 

°  liiM|imUii<'tl  ill  ron.'ioniiciiccoriioliiiiiKottlce  under  gciieral  gor- 
ernnii'iil.    J.  \\  .  .Tolnisoii  clortt'il  in  )iis|)lH<'C. 

t  i)iotI  .\|)ril  "J-.*.  \K'\    .1.  11.  Urition  cliMMi-d  lo  flli  varniiry. 

{  DiTlnnd  fluetud  by  Cily  Council  Fubrimry  «,  liCis  ln^l.  n.l  of 
.Innics  II.  itritton. 

$  l>.  It.  rruncls  elected  Govcnior  of  Missouri,  nml  roslnncil  .liui- 
iniry  -•,  l.s,sii. 

( (;«'o.  \V.  .Mien.  Iieini;  President  City  I'onnell.  lienimc  nui.vor. 

II  i'l'dirui  census.  KonerHlly  <  onreded  Ui  l>e  at  iea.sl  :lu,niJ  loo  small. 

b  lilri-elory  eensnseiiriy  in  yriir 


106 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


1881-1885- 


It  was  during  the  mayor- 
alty of  Mr.  W.  L.  Ewiii.y:  that 
New  St.  Louis  couinicnccd  to 
exist.  The  pen  with  wliich  Air.  Kwing  si.ii^nfd 
his  a]>pro\"al  of  tlie  ordinance  authorizing;  the 
construction  of  the  first  rapid-transit  street  rail- 
road in  St.  Louis  ought  to  have  been  preserved 
in  the  city  archives,  for,  as  we  have  seen,  that 
ordinance  enaljlcd  a  comj^lete  change  to  be 
made,  not  only  in  the  street  railroad  facilities, 
but  also  in  the  city  itself.  The  next  event  of 
importance,  or  perhaps  an  event  of  equal  im- 
portance, during  Alayor  Swing's  administration 
was  the  commencement  of  the  repaving  of  the 
down-town  streets  with  granite.  This  was  done 
under  the  fostering  guidance  of  Islr.  J.  W.  Tur- 
ner, who  was  street  commissioner  at  the  time, 
and  whose  work  was  of  so  high  an  order  that  his 
name  has  since  been  mentioned  as  a  desirable 
candidate  for  almost  every  municipal  office  of 
importance  from  the  mayoralty  down.  ]\Ir.  Tur- 
ner found  the  streets  in  but  an  indifferent  condi- 
tion, not  worse,  perhaps,  than  those  of  other 
cities,  but  in  no  way  suited  for  the  heavy  traffic  of 
a  busy  manufacturing  district.  The  soft  road- 
ways gave  way  under  heavy  loads,  and  in  many 
instances  extra  teams  had  to  be  obtained  to  pull 
wagons  out  of  holes  and  ruts.  Reference  has 
already  been  made  to  the  opposition  with  which 
the  proposal  to  pave  the  down-town  streets  with 
granite  was  received,  but  the  authorities  held 
their  own,  and  finally  the  good  work  was  com- 
menced in  earnest.  In  the  spring  of  1883  there 
were  little  more  than  three  miles  of  granite 
paving  in  the  city,  but  during  the  years 
lfS84  and  18,S5  reconstruction  on  a  wholesale 
scale  was  completed,  and  at  the  end  of  the  lat- 
ter year  there  were  over  twenty-two  miles  of 
granite  streets  in  the  city,  Avith  about  a  mile  of 
limestone  blocks,  a  little  over  two  miles  of 
wooden  blocks,  four  miles  of  asphalt,  five  of 
telford  and  about  28.")  of  macadam. 

In  his  report  for  the  year  l?s.s.5,  Mr.  Turner 
went  very  fully  into  the  granite  pa\-cment  ques- 
tion. "It  is  needless  to  say,"  he  remarked, 
"that  the  granite  pavements  have  given  great 
satisfaction.     They  have  facilitated  and  thereby 


decreased  the  cost  of  transportation  o\er  our 
streets  very  largely.  Houses  handling  large 
amounts  of  heavy  goods  report  that  it  has 
reduced  the  cost  of  transportation  two-fifths. 
A  great  deal  of  the  objection  that  was  raised  at 
first  against  these  pavements  in  anticipation  of 
excessive  noise  has  subsided;  either  the  noise 
was  not  so  great  as  was  expected  or  the  people 
have  become  accustomed  to  it.  Doulitless,  in 
narrow  streets  on  which  the  traffic  is  \-ery  great, 
the  noise  is  quite  objectionable,  but  we  ha\"e  few 
of  these;  and  taking  the  immense  ad\'antage 
gained  b\'  having  solid  and  enduring  pavements 
facilitating  the  operations  of  the  commerce  of  the 
city,  we  can  tolerate  a  few  disadvantages  arising 
from  our  new  pavements.  The  character  of  our 
work  can  be  considered  first-class  in  e\'ery  re- 
spect; the  quality  of  the  stone  is  good.  We  ha\-e 
now  several  varieties  to  select  from,  and  the 
sui^ply  on  the  line  of  the  Iron  Mountain  Rail- 
road, within  a  haul  of  one  hundred  and  fifty 
miles  of  the  city,  is  inexhaustible.  The  price 
of  these  pa\'ements  has  been  gradual]\-  falling; 
our  last  lettings  show  a  very  great  reduction, 
due  to  competition,  resulting  from  new  parties 
opening  new  quarries,  thereby  increasing  the 
supply  of  stone  in  the  market;  and  also  due  to 
increased  capacity  of  and  facilities  for  operating 
old  quarries." 

The  wear  and  tear  of  eight 
years  has  more  than  borne  out 
Mr.  Turner's  estimate  of  the 
high  character  of  the  work. 
The  best  laid  of  the  down-town  streets  are  still 
in  perfect  order,  and  show  little  or  no  signs  of 
wear.  The  mileage  of  the  granite  streets  has 
increased  steadily  e\'ery  year,  and  Mr.  Turner's 
successors,  Messrs.  Burnett  and  Murphy,  have 
evinced  as  much  enthusiasm  on  the  subject  as 
j\Ir.  Turner  himself.  There  are  now  some  forty- 
six  miles  of  granite-paved  streets  in  the  city,  in 
addition  to  nearly  five  miles  of  granite-paved 
alleys.  Limestone  blocks  for  streets  ha\-e  not 
proved  entirely  satisfactory,  but  there  are  up- 
wards of  eighty-four  miles  of  alleys  paved  this 
way,  and  giving  good  service.  The  mileage 
of   telford  pavement  has  been   increased  since 


THE  STREETS 

AND 
THEIR  PAVING. 


ML  WJCIP.  \1.  />/■:  I  l-.LOPMENT. 


107 


tlie  revival,  and  there  are  now  some  tliirty-tliree 
miles  paved  in  this  way,  with  a  total  mileage  of 
improved  streets  and  alleys  exceeding  4."»0.  The 
streets  of  the  city,  and  more  especially  the  side- 
\\alks,  are  now  on  the  whole  far  better  paved 
tliaii  those  of  the  average  American  city, 
althongh  the  rapid  increase  in  territory  has  made 
it  impossible  to  keep  npwith  the  cit\'s  growth. 
\\\  order  to  expedite  improvements,  the  law  con- 
cerning the  apportionment  of  cost  was  revised  in 
1892,  and  it  is  now  enacted  that  the  entire 
cost  of  reconstrnction  shall  be  charged  against 
adjoining  propertv,  regardless  of  its  assessed 
valuation.  As  the  result  of  this  enactment, 
known  as  the  "Stone  law,"  a  large  quantity  of 
improvement  work  has  been  commenced  and  is 
under  contemplation,  and  the  splendid  reform  in 
Mayor  Ewing's  term  will  soon  be  so  developed 
and  brought  to  such  perfection  as  to  cause  deliglit 
to  vSt.  IvOuis  citizens  generally. 

When  vSt.  Louis  was  first  settled,  the  high 
ground  on  the  bluffs  was  what  attracted  tiie 
jnouecrs,  who  knew  nothing  and  cared  less 
al:)out  the  magnificent  location  beyond  the  bluffs, 
and  how  admirably  the  site  was  adapted  for  a 
great  city.  After  the  abrujjt  rise  from  the  river, 
there  is  a  table-land  with  just  sufhcient  grade  to 
make  drainage  easy,  extending  several  miles 
north  and  south,  and  about  three-quarters  of  a 
mile  west.  Beyond  this  right  out  to  the  city 
limits  the  ground  is  rolling,  a  succession  of  hills 
and  valleys  with  a  gradual  tendency  upwards, 
affording  admirable  opportunities  for  street 
laying  and  general  draining.  Had  our  ances- 
tors been  less  conservative  in  the  matter  of 
extending  the  city  limits  and  had  they  taken  in 
fresh  territory  before  instead  of  after  it  was 
j)latted  out  and  built  up,  we  should  have  had  in 
St.  Louis  a  magnificent  system  of  rectangular 
streets.  As  it  is,  St.  Louis  is  really  made  up  of 
a  large  number  of  incorporated  towns  and  vil- 
lages, and  as  many  of  these  had  a  complete 
system  of  streets  before  being  absorbed,  there 
are  se\eral  irregularities  which  have  given 
ln)ul)le  to  the  authorities  from  time  to  time  in 
the  wav  of  street-naming.  The  trees  to  lie 
found  in  tlu-   finest  around   the  cit\-  in  its  earl\- 


days  suggested  names  for  the  principal  streets 
ruiniing  east  and  west;  and  to  a  great  extent  the 
streets  running  north  and  south  have  been  from 
time  to  time  numbered  consecutively  instead  of 
being  named.  East  of  Jefferson  avenue  the 
numerical  system  of  nomenclature  is  fairly 
regular,  but  west  of  that  thoroughfare  most  of 
the  north  and  south  streets  are  known  as 
avenues,  and  are  given  distinctive  names,  consid- 
erable confusion  being  caused  thereby.  Shortly 
after  the  adoption  of  the  scheme  and  charter, 
there  was  a  general  overhauling  of  names,  and 
at  the  present  time  a  motion  is  before  the  Mu- 
nicipal Assembly  to  further  simplify  thesj^stem. 
Market  street  has  always  been  the  dividing  line 
between  north  and  south,  and  all  numbers 
north  and  south  commence  from  this  historical 
thoroughfare.  The  numbers  on  the  streets  run- 
ning east  and  west  commence  from  the  river, 
and  each  block  has  its  distinctive  number.  The 
plan,  on  the  whole,  works  well;  and  a  reform 
now  being  perfected  whereby  street  signs  will 
be  made  more  numerous  and  conspicuous,  will 
do  away  with  nearly  every  complaint. 

Since  Street  Commissioner 
Turner  commenced  his  cru- 
sade against  unpaved  streets 
in  the  business  section,  the  boulevard  idea  has 
gained  much  strength  in  St.  Louis.  The  first 
boulevard  to  be  constructed  was  the  Lindell, 
which  is  still  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  finest 
driveways  in  the  West.  It  connects  Grand 
avenue  with  Forest  Park,  and  is  a  popular 
driveway  as  well  as  a  most  desirable  ])romeuade. 
It  is  adorned  with  some  of  the  most  magnificent 
houses  in  the  city,  and  is  regarded  by  visitors  as 
a  great  credit,  not  only  to  St.  Louis  but  to  the 
AX'est  generally.  Forest  Park  boulevard,  a  few 
blocks  south  of  the  Lindell  is,  in  some  respects, 
even  more  elaborate  than  what  is  generally  known 
as  "The  Boulevard."  It  has  a  park-like  reserva- 
tion in  the  center  of  the  street,  and  when  more 
thoroughly  built  up  will  be  a  strong  competitor 
for  public  favor.  The  present  street  commis- 
sioner, Mr.  M.J.  Murphy,  is  responsible  for  a 
comprehensive  plan  of  boulevards,  which  will 
add  some  sixty  miles  to  those  already  in  exist- 


THE  BOULEVARD 
SYSTEM. 


108 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  I.Or/S. 


eiice.  In  Marcli,  l.s'.U,  an  act  was  passed  by 
the  State  Assembly  anthorizing  cities  of  more 
than  300,000  inhabitants — or,  in  other  words, 
St.  Lonis,  there  beins^  no  other  city  in  the  State 
with  even  half  that  number  of  inhabitants — to 
establish  boulevards  with  special  buildin<j-line, 
and  restricted  as  to  the  nature  of  the  travel. 
The  boulevards  will  \ary  in  length  and  will 
provide  a  system  of  driveways  unsnrpassed  in 
any  city  in  the  country.  Among  those  already 
dedicated  nnder  the  act  may  be  mentioned  the 
boulevards  already  described,  Delmar  boulevard, 
from  Grand  avenue  to  city  limits,  a  distance  of 
four  miles;  and  Washington  boulevard,  a  par- 
allel street.  Among  those  comprised  in  the  sys- 
tem will  be  Columbia  boulevard;  Florissant 
boulevard,  from  Hebert  street  to  the  city  limits, 
a  distance  of  five  miles;  King's  High\va>-,  from 
Arsenal  street  to  Florissant  avenue,  six  miles; 
Union  avenue,  from  Forest  Park  to  Natural 
Bridge  road;  Skinker  boulevard,  skirting  the 
city  limits  some  six  miles,  and  several  other 
shorter  but  scarcely  less  important  lengths  of 
thoroughfare. 

The  boulevard  system,  when  completed,  will 
add  some  fifty  or  sixty  miles  to  the  most  beauti- 
ful thoroughfares  of  St.  Louis,  which  in  them- 
selves are  far  more  attractive  than  the  average 
citizen  is  apt  to  realize.  A  visitor  from  the  dis- 
tance seeing  Vande\enter,  Westmoreland  or 
Portland  place,  for  the  first  time,  is  enchanted 
with  the  delightful  combination  of  urban  wealth 
with  rural  beauty.  The  park  reservations  in 
these  places,  which  are  selected  as  types  of 
others  either  in  contemplation  or  in  course  of 
construction,  are  kept  in  the  highest  stage  of  cul- 
ti\'ation.  The  roadways  on  either  side  of  them 
are  almost  perfect,  and  the  houses  which  ha\e 
either  been  constructed  or  are  being  erected 
are  models  of  architectural  excellence.  Taken 
altogether,  the  streets,  avenues,  boulevards  and 
private  places  of  St.  Louis  are  unequaled,  and 
they  are  an  honor  to  New  St.  Louis  and  to  the 
men  who  in  the  early  days  of  the  re\'ival  lent 
their  influence  and  ability  to  a  movement  which 
has  resulted  so  advantageously,  and  which  p)rom- 
ises  to  attain  far  greater  excellence. 


MA  YOR     f  RASCIS 

ISfiS  1889. 


The  administration  of 
Mayor  I)a\id  R.  Francis  ex- 
tended over  a  period  of  great 
importance  to  New  St.  Louis.  Mr.  Francis  was 
elected  in  the  spring  of  188;"),  and  he  continued 
at  the  head  of  the  city  government  until  the  end 
of  bs.SS,  when  he  resigned  in  consequence  of  his 
election  to  the  highest  office  within  the  gift  of 
the  State  of  Missouri.  Politicians  of  every  grade 
give  him  credit  for  encouraging  e\ery  movement 
calculated  to  add  to  the  city's  greatness,  and  also 
for  originating  and  recommending  a  large  num- 
ber of  reforms  and  new  enterprises  of  the  utmost 
importance.  If  the  ex-mayor  and  ex-governor 
were  asked  what  was  the  most  vital  qtiestion 
with  which  he  was  called  upon  to  deal  while 
occupying  the  mayoralty  chair,  it  is  probable 
he  would  reply  that  it  related  to  the  city's  water 
supply,  which,  when  he  took  charge,  was  being 
rapidly  overtaken  by  the  cit>'s  great  increase  in 
population.  The  growth  in  population  during 
the  eighties  exceeded  100,000,  and  it  is  generally 
conceded  that  the  bulk  of  this  increase  took 
place  after  1884,  or  during  the  latter  half  of  the 
decade.  The  danger,  or  at  least  the  possibility, 
of  a  water  famine  in  the  event  of  the  slightest 
break-down  in  the  machinery  of  the  existing 
plant  so  impressed  the  mayor  that  he  cordially 
endorsed  the  recommendations  of  Water  Com- 
missioner Whitman  and  lent  his  influence  to  the 
mo\-ement,  which  resulted  in  work  being  com- 
menced to  entirely  reconstruct  the  system  and 
furnish  Avater  settled  and  filtered  in  sufficient 
quantity  to  supply  the  demand  of  1,000,000 
people. 

The  history  of  the  water  supply  of  St.  Louis 
is  one  of  continual  expenditure  and  improve- 
ment. So  rapid  has  been  the  city's  growth 
that  no  sooner  has  one  system  been  perfected 
than  new  works  have  been  discussed.  In  the 
earl}'  days  of  the  city  water  was  procured  by 
means  of  wells;  and  about  seventy  years  ago 
the  problem  of  water-works  construction  began 
to  be  discussed.  Work  was  commenced  on  the 
first  water-works  in  1830.  They  were  situated 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Ashley,  Collins  and 
Bates   streets,   and   the    first   reservoir  was  on 


MUNICIPAL  DE  VI-: I.  OPMENT. 


109 


Little  .Mound.  Kn,i;ine-houscs  were  built  at  the 
foot  of  Bates  street,  and  a  six-inch  main  laid. 
The  enterprise  was  a  private  one,  but  did  not 
prove  very  profitable  to  the  investor,  and  the 
city  was  compelled  to  render  financial  assist- 
ance. In  b'^.").)  the  works  were  purchased  for 
sbS,OU(),  and  before  three  years  had  expired 
they  had  proved  to  be  altogether  inadequate. 
Complaints  are  heard  at  the  present  time  of 
the  water  rates  being  higher  than  necessary, 
but  they  are  small  compared  with  the  early 
charges,  desjMte  the  fact  that  money  at  that 
time  was  much  less  plentiful  than  now.  Pri- 
vate families  were  charged  $10  or  $20,  ac- 
cording to  the  number  of  children,  and  the 
charges  for  stores,  offices  and  factories  varied 
from  >^  10  to  .**•')<)().  Early  in  the  forties  consid- 
erable improvements  were  made,  and  in  bS4()  a 
third  engine  was  put  up  by  Kingsland  &  Light- 
ner.  In  b'^'n'  the  Hercules  engine  was  put  up 
by  Gaty  &.  ]\IcCunc.  In  l''<')4:the  Benton  Reser- 
voir, with  a  capacity  of  40,000,000  gallons,  was 
constructed,  and  in  l-H.')!)  there  were  seventy 
miles  of  iron  pipe,  and  it  was  announced  that  the 
water  supply  was  abundant. 

In  LStJ.J  the  State  Legislature  passed  a  law 
creating  a  Board  of  Water  Commissioners  for 
St.  Louis,  and  to  the  credit  of  this  commission 
it  should  be  stated  that  one  of  its  first  recom- 
mendations was  the  construction  of  a  reser- 
\-oir  and  filtering-beds  at  the  Chain  of  Rocks, 
with  a  ci^>n(luit  to  Baden.  The  plan  was  re- 
jected in  March,  LsiJli,  and  was  severely  criti- 
cised on  the  ground  of  its  being  experimental 
and  even  visionary  in  character.  Time  justifies 
a  great  many  projects,  and  after  the  lapse  of 
twenty  years  the  Chain  of  Rocks  was  finally 
selected  as  the  most  appropriate  point  for  the 
construction  of  an  inlet  tower.  Had  the  recom- 
mendations of  the  commissioners  been  accepted 
in  l^t!5  and  ISdiJ  the  city  would  have  been 
richer  bv  se\Tral  million  dollars  and  its  record 
for  liealthfuluess,  good  as  it  has  been,  would 
have  been  far  better.  Bissell's  Point  was  se- 
lected as  the  site  for  the  works  which  were 
necessary  and  work  was  commenced  upon  them. 
The  buildings,  which  are  still  in  existence  and 


THE 

WATER-WORKS 

T\VE^TY  YEARS  AGO. 


in  use,  comprise  two  series  of  structures,  one 
for  the  high-service  and  the  other  for  the  low- 
service  system.  The  reservoirs  have  each  a 
capacity  of  23,000,000  gallons,  and  before  the 
demand  for  water  became  so  great  that  it  was 
inij^ossible  to  allow  sufficient  time  for  settling, 
the  supply  was  clear  as  well  as  abundant.  The 
Compton  Hill  Reservoir  was  also  constructed, 
with  a  capacity  of  5(5,000,000  gallons.  This 
reservoir,  being  176  feet  above  the  city  direct- 
rix, practicalh-  commands  the  entire  city. 

In  I'HTl  the  sy.stem  was 
practicalh'  completed. 
Accounts  prepared  at  the 
time  show  that  its  capac- 
ity was,  although  large,  far  less  than  the  de- 
mand it  has  been  called  upon  to  supply  during 
recent  years,  and  it  has  only  been  by  incessant 
care  that  the  wants  of  the  people  have  been  sup- 
plied. The  new  water-works,  as  they  were 
called  in  LSTl,  cost  the  city  about  $4, 000, 000, 
and  the  valuation  of  the  entire  system  and 
grounds  was  a  little  in  excess  of  $7,000,000. 
In  l.SSl  contracts  were  let  for  a  fourth  high- 
service  engine,  and  during  that  year  Water 
Commissioner  Whitman,  in  his  report,  said: 
"Another  question  requiring  consideration  and 
the  official  action  of  the  municipal  authorities, 
is  as  to  whether  we  shall  continue  to  take  the 
water  from  the  river  at  BisselPs  Point,  or,  in 
the  extension  of  the  works,  they  shall  be  planned 
with  a  view  to  taking  the  water  higher  up  the 
river  to  the  Chain  of  Rocks."  Recommenda- 
tions, such  as  this,  followed,  and  Mayor  Fran- 
cis, as  already  stated,  became  thoroughly 
impressed  with  the  importance  of  strengthening 
and  increasing  the  service,  and  also  of  obtaining 
a  supplv  from  the  Chain  of  Rocks,  so  as  to 
avoid  the  danger  of  contamination  by  city  sewers. 
Xot  only  had  the  population  of  the  city 
increased  very  rapidly,  but  the  consumption  of 
water,  per  inhabitant,  had  also  nearly  doubled 
in  ten  vears,  increasing  from  fourteen  and  a 
half  gallons  per  head  jK-r  day  in  \i>'!2  to  about 
twenty-eight  gallons  in  b^>;-'.  The  collections 
for  water  license  showed  a  still  more  remark- 
able growth,  in  spite  of  the  frequent  reductions 


110 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.  LOUIS. 


in  the  charges,  which  enabled  manufacturers  to 
obtain  water  more  cheaply  than  was  possil^le 
elsewhere.  In  LSiSt!  the  annual  collections  were 
about  $4,500,  and  it  was  not  until  the  year  18-10 
that  the  total  exceeded  $20,000.  In  18j1  it  was 
$30,000,  and  in  18(50  it  nearly  reached  $100,000. 
The  collections  since  then  ha\'e  been  as  follows, 
the  calculations  being  made  to  the  months  of 
April  or  ^lay  in  each  year: 


THE  NEW  WORKS 

AT  THE 
CHAIN  OF  ROCKS. 


Although  the  projectors 
of  the  new  water-works 
were  not  aware  that  in 
the  year  ending  April, 
1S1I3,  more  than  $1,200,000  would  be  collected 
in  water  rates,  they  realized  the  impending 
growth  of  the  city  and  predicted  an  enormous 
increase  in  consumption  as  a  result  both  of  the 
gain  in  population  and  in  manufactures.  The 
usiial  opposition  was  forthcoming,  but  with  the 
aid  of  the  mayor's  influence  a  thoroughly  com- 
prehensive scheme  was  finally  adopted,  and  in 
the  year  1888  contracts  began  to  be  let  for  the 
new  works.  They  are  situated  at  the  Chain  of 
Rocks,  about  twelve  miles  north  of  the  business 
section  of  St.  Louis,  the  plan  being  to  secure 
pure  water  by  aid  of  an  inlet  tower  in  the  river, 
and  to  draw  it  through  a  gigantic  conduit  to  the 
city  proper.  Among  the  appointments  made  by 
Mayor  Francis,  was  that  of  ]\Ir.  I\I.  L.  Holman 
to  succeed  Mr.  Whitman  as  water  commis- 
sioner, and  Tipon  him  has  devolved  the  great 
work  of  construction.     At  the  present  time  the 


wt)rks  are  nearly  completed,  and  the  city  will 
soon  have  a  water  supply  be\ond  criticism. 
Perhaps  the  most  magnificent  feature  of  the 
new  water-works  and  their  connections,  is  the 
seven-mile  conduit  between  the  Chain  of  Rocks 
and  RisselTs  Point.  This  conduit  is  one  of  the 
finest  in  the  country,  and  has  been  constructed 
in  tlie  most  snlistanlial  manner. 

The  inlet  tower  stands  well  out  from  the 
shore,  with  which  it  is  connected  by  an  intact 
tunnel  cut  from  the  solid  rock.  About  midway 
in  the  de])th  of  the  stream  the  water  is  let  into 
the  tunnel  by  means  of  six  iron  gates  operated 
by  hydraulic  lifts.  At  low  water  eighty  feet  of 
the  tower  is  visible,  but  at  hit;h  water  only  about 
fifty  feet.  The  tower  cost  about  $100,000.  A 
technical  description  of  the  works  would  occup)' 
several  pages,  and  would  only  be  of  limited 
interest  to  those  uninitiated  into  the  nnsteries  of 
engineering.  It  is  important,  however,  to  note 
that  the  new  basins  and  filter-beds  will  suffice  to 
settle  and  filter  sufficient  water  to  supph-  the 
needs  of  the  city  for  the  next  ten  years  at  least, 
and  if  the  new  works  are  overtaxed  to  the  same 
extent  as  the  old  works,  a  sufficient  supply  will 
probably  be  forthcoming  for  ten  years  longer. 
Fi\-e  years  have  already  been  occupied  in  the 
work,  and  the  total  cost  will  be  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  $4,000,000. 

We  have  already  anticipated  somewhat,  as 
the  works  were  only  commenced  during  the  ad- 
ministration of  ]\Iayor  Francis.  But  the  de- 
cision to  obtain  a  supply  several  miles  north  of 
the  city's  sewer  outlets,  and  to  erect  new  works 
on  a  generous  scale,  marks  such  an  epoch  in  the 
nmnicipal  growth  of  the  city  as  to  be  deserving 
of  more  than  passing  mention.  St.  Louis  is 
fortunate  in  being  situated  on  the  banks  of  a 
river  which  furnishes  an  unlimited  supply  of 
water  of  an  exceedingly  healthy  character. 
Since  it  has  been  necessary  to  overtax  the  works, 
the  water  has  not  been  so  clear  as  desired,  but 
when  filtered  the  water  of  the  IMissouri  ri\er 
is  at  least  as  good  as  that  furnished  in  an}'  city 
in  the  country.  Although  the  Missouri  and 
.Mississippi  ri\'ers  reach  each  other  in  their 
course  several  miles  above   St.  Louis,  they  do 


MUNICIP.  //.  ni:  I  liLOPMENT 


111 


not  tliorou<,rlily  unite  until  they  have  passed  the 
city,  the  denser  water  of  the  Missouri  being 
easily  distinguished  from  the  brighter  Missis- 
si])pi  water  as  the  two  flow  side  by  side  between 
Alton  and  St.  Louis.  The  IMissouri  water  is  far 
more  suital)le  for  drinking  purposes  and  is  freer 
from  deleterious  matter,  and,  although  it  has 
i)een  criticised  from  time  to  time,  the  best  an- 
swer to  such  criticisms  is  the  exceptional  healtli- 
fuluess  of  St.  Louis.  The  following  table,  taken 
from  the  Scientific  American  of  December  H, 
l.sii;>,  shows  the  death-rate  in  the  cities  of  the 
world  credited  with  a  population  exceeding,  or 
approximating,  500,000,  the  estimated  popula- 
tion being  that  of  LS92: 


rupiilation. 


T.oiiilon  

l':iris  

N\w  York 

lii/rlin - 

Chicajjo 

Vifiina 

riiiladelphia 

Urooklyn 

St.  I,ouis 

linissels 

Hostoii  

Haltiinore  

Dublin 


,849 
,424 
,801 
lieo 
,4.58 
,43.-) 
,115 
978, 
520 
488 
487, 
455 
349 


.104 
705 
739 
124 
000 
931 
562 
394 
000 
188 
397 
427 
594 


Deaths. 


55,895 

28,675 

23.856 

17,181 

13.. 590 

18,005 

12,249 

10,682 

4,802 

4,. 3.59 

5,816 

4,806 

4,735 


Deatli-rati- 
per  I.IKKI. 


19.11 
23.61 
26.47 
20.58 
18.95 
25.07 
21.95 
21.84 
18.47 
17.86 
23.88 
21.10 
27.05 


THE  HEALTHIEST 

LARGE  CITY 
L\    THE    WORLD. 


From  this  table  it  will  be 
seen  that  St.  Louis  is  the 
healthiest  large  city  in  the 
world.  Countless  millions 
have  hren  speiil  in  sanitary  work  in  London, 
the  death-rate  in  which  city  has  been  reduced 
rapidly,  but  it  still  stands  higher  than  that  of 
St.  Louis,  whose  record  of  18.47  to  the  thousand 
speaks  volumes  for  the  purity  of  its  water  sup])ly 
and  the  ciTicieiicy  of  its  sewer  sy.stcm.  More- 
over, a  death-rate  of  IS. 47  is  somewhat  high  for 
vSt.  Louis,  which  has  begun  to  look  at  anything 
much  abo\e  18  as  exceeding  the  normal. 

Among  the  other  .strictly  municipal  reforms 
effected  during  the  administration  of  Ma\-or 
h'rancis,  the  sprinklingof  the  streets  by  nuinici- 
]>al  contracts  may  be  mentioned,  ])arlly  be- 
cause St.  Louis  in  this,  as  in  many  other  things, 
set  an  example  to  the  entire  country,  and  partly 


because  of  the  phenomenal  success  which  has 
been  achieved.  It  is  not  to  be  suggested  that 
Old  St.  Louis  allowed  the  dust  to  blow  as  it 
pleased  during  the  summer  months.  There 
were  spriiiklin.tj  contractors  in  abundance,  but 
they  did  their  work  in  (|nite  a  priniili\-e  style. 
They  made  a  contract  with  the  owner  of  a  house 
or  lot  to  sprinkle  in  front  of  his  premises,  and 
when  every  property  holder  on  a  block  entered 
intt)  the  arrangement,  fairly  satisfactor\-  but  very 
costly  ser\nce  was  rendered.  What  generally 
happened,  ho\ve\er,  was  the  omission  of  enough 
street  frontage  to  spoil  the  entire  work.  Owners 
of  vacant  property  were  necessarily  averse  to 
paying  large  sums  for  sprinkling,  and,  hence, 
the  peculiar  phenomenon  of  streets  sprinkled  in 
sections  and  patches  w-as  common.  Karly  in 
the  term  of  Mayor  Francis,  the  question  of  a 
comprehensive  system  of  street  sprinkling  be- 
came a  live  subject,  and  a  charter  amendment 
having  been  obtained,  a  sprinkling  department 
was  formed  and  contracts  were  let  for  sprinkling 
most  of  the  streets  of  the  city.  From  the  first 
the  change  was  popular.  The  sa\-iug  of  ex- 
pense was  enormous  and  the  work  fai  more 
satisfactory.  In  his  message  to  the  Municipal 
Assembly  in  May,  1888,  ^layor  Francis  claimed 
that  the  problem  of  abating  the  dust  nui.sance 
had  been  met  and  solved;  and  the  experience  of 
the  last  five  years  shows  that  he  was  correct. 
A  large  number  of  delegations  have  visited  St. 
Lotiis  from  other  cities  to  inspect  the  street 
sprinkling  and  investigate  the  sy.stem,  and  as 
a  result  many  cities  have  already  followed 
in  the  footsteps  of  the  metropolis  of  the  West 
and  Southwest.  A  mileage  of  .streets  covering 
about  4.')0  miles  is  now  sprinkled,  and  the  cost 
is  but  little  iu  excess  of  $l.'iO,0<").  It  is  prob- 
able that  in  the  old  system  quite  as  much,  if 
not  more,  was  paid,  although  the  service  was 
not  one-fourth  as  complete  or  satisfactor}-. 

Spacemakes  it  impossible  to  mention  in  detail, 
or  even  in  the  abstract,  the  countless  interesting 
and  important  events  which  transpired  during 
the  administration  ol  Mayor  Francis.  The  vi.sit 
of  President  Cleveland  and  the  general  decoration 
and  illumination  of  the  citv  in  his  honor  may  be 


112 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


MAYOR    NOONAN, 
1889-1893. 


mentioned  as  the  grandest  spectacular  event; 
and  among  the  more  strictly  usefid  ones  the 
completion  and  opening  of  the  Grand  Avenue 
Bridge  is  sufficiently  important  to  deserve  re- 
cording. Prior  to  the  building  of  the  bridge, 
(irand  avenue,  one  of  the  best  and  most  im- 
portant of  the  north  and  south  streets,  was 
divided  into  two  parts  by  the  Will  Creek  \'alley 
tracks,  the  crossing  of  which  at  grade  practi- 
cally ruined  that  section  of  the  avenue  as  a 
driveway.  The  new  bridge,  or  viaduct,  is  a 
costly  and  handsome  structure,  and  it  has  popu- 
larized Grand  avenue  as  a  driveway  far  more 
than  even  its  projectors  anticipated. 

The  unexpired  period  of 
Mayor  Francis'  term  was 
filled  by  Mr.  George  W. 
Allen,  the  president  of  the  Council.  Mr.  Allen 
was  succeeded  in  April,  1889,  by  Mr.  Edward 
A.  Noonan,  w-hose  administration  was  made 
conspicuous  by  an  immense  amount  of  munici- 
pal enterprise.  Aside  from  the  reconstruction, 
with  electricity  as  the  motive  power,  of  at  least 
two-thirds  of  the  street  railroad  mileage,  the 
most  important  event  of  the  Noonan  administra- 
tion was,  probably,  the  commencement  of  work 
by  the  Chicago,  Burlington  &  Quincy  Railroad 
to  secure  an  entrance  to  the  city  from  the  north, 
and  to  construct  an  independent  system  of  ter- 
minals for  its  own  use  and  for  the  convenience 
of  roads  with  running  powers  over  its  tracks. 
This  was  a  special  hobby  of  Mr.  Noonan,  who 
recognized  the  tremendous  importance  of  the 
work  and  who  gave  to  it  all  the  influence  and 
weight  the  city  government  could  lend.  Scarcely 
less  important  was  the  final  start  on  the  new 
City  Hall,  which  project  had  been  talked  of 
for  a  generation.  While  St.  Louis  had  been 
outgrowing  its  water-works,  it  had  completely 
outgrown  the  City  Hall,  which,  although  it 
answered  the  purpose  for  Old  St.  Louis,  was 
absurdly  inadequate  for  New  St.  Louis.  As 
some  indication  of  the  growth  of  public  senti- 
ment, it  may  be  mentioned  that  in  1849  the 
City  Council  was  authorized  by  legislation  on 
the  part  of  the  vState  to  "erect  a  City  Hall  on 
the  square  of  land  belonging  to  said  city,  sit- 


uated east  of  Main  street,  l)etwecn  Market  and 
Walnut."  The  attempt  was  referred  to  in  the 
Missouri  Republican  as  "  a  foolish  effort  to  ar- 
ray some  feeling  about  the  erection  of  a  new 
market-house,  stores,  tow  n  hall  and  offices  for 
the  city  officers  on  the  square  occupied  by  the 
old  market  and  town  hall."  Tlie  "foolish 
effort"  met  with  doubtful  success,  for  four  years 
later  the  same  journal  announced  "with  regret 
that  nearly  all  prospects  of  the  purchase  of  a  lot 
on  which  to  erect  the  new  town  hall  had  been 
abandoned  for  at  least  the  present  session  of  tiie 
City  Council.  A  bill,  drafted  with  a  view  to 
the  i")roi)osed  edifice,  and  allowing  Mr.  James  H. 
Lucas  $1)8,000  for  the  greater  portion  of  the 
square  bounded  by  Eleventh,  Twelfth,  Olive 
and  Locust  streets,  has  been  under  considera- 
tion of  the  Council  for  the  past  month  or  more, 
but  was  definitely  killed  at  the  session  of  Tues- 
day." 

Temporary  accommodation  was  obtained  in 
the  new  County  Court  House,  and  it  was  not 
until  the  year  1868  that  the  subject  of  building 
a  City  Hall  was  revived.  Four  years  later  work 
was  commenced  on  the  building  now  generally 
condemned  as  inadequate,  on  Eleventh  street, 
between  Market  and  Chestnut.  Mayor  Brown, 
in  a  message  to  the  Council  shortly  after  work 
was  commenced,  expressed  his  regret  that  the 
city  finances  did  not  warrant  the  erection  of  a 
City  Hall  commensurate  with  existing  needs 
and  future  growth,  but  he  expressed  satisfaction 
in  the  fact  that  the  new  building  would  do 
"indifferently  well."  It  seems  strange  that 
only  twenty  years  ago  a  building  first  designed 
to  be  two-stories  high  and  to  cost  $48,7.30 
should  have  been  deemed  sufficient  for  the 
city's  needs,  and  even  when  the  plans  were 
changed  and  a  third  story  added,  the  total  ex- 
penditure was  only  $70,n()(),  and  the  actual  re- 
sult a  building  which  even  the  most  lo)-al  citizen 
is  compelled  to  look  upon  with  feelings  of  re- 
gret, if  not  contemj^t.  In  1880  Mayor  Overstolz 
criticised  the  City  Hall  severely.  "The  build- 
ing now  occupied  by  the  municipal  depart- 
ments," he  said,  in  his  annual  message,  "was 
not  intended  to  be  jiermanent,  was  not  built  in 


MUNICIPAL  DEVELOPMENT. 


11.3 


THE 
NEW  CITY  HALL. 


a  substantial  manner,  and  docs  not  afford  the 
necessary  accommodations.  It  has  stood  the 
test  of  use  and  time  very  indifferently,  and  for 
several  years  past  it  has  cost  a  considerable 
anionnt  annually  for  repairs,  and  its  condition 
to-day  is  certainly  not  fa\'orable  for  the  safety 
of  the  valuable  archives,  records  and  other  proj)- 
crty  stored  therein.  In  character  and  size  it  is 
inadequate  to  the  wants  of  the  government,  and 
its  appearance  is  discreditable  to  a  city  of  the 
reputation,  wealth  and  influence  of  St.  Louis." 
The  suggestion  of  the 
mayor  was  not  acted  upon, 
and  possibly  it  is  well  that 
further  delay  was  caused,  because  the  idea  at 
that  time  was  to  enlarge  the  Court  House  and 
make  it  do  both  for  a  Court  House  and  City 
Hall,  an  arrangement  which  would  have  been  a 
])nor  makeshift  and  a  further  source  of  regret. 
All  through  the  eighties  the  question  of  a  new 
Cit)'  Hall  was  a  live  one,  and  shortly  after  Mayor 
Noonan's  inauguration,  the  agitation  was  brought 
to  a  head  and  work  was  commenced  on  what 
jiromises  to  be  one  of  the  finest  city  halls  in  the 
world.  The  building  is  now  nearlv  under  roof 
and  is  being  ])ushed  forward  as  rapidly  as  pos- 
sible. It  is  situated  in  Washington  Square,  a 
block  and  half  southwest  of  the  old  hall,  and  two 
blocks  north  of  the  old  Union  Depot.  The 
scjuare  had  for  some  years  been  used  as  a  park, 
and  when  the  fence  around  it  is  removed,  there 
will  be  enough  space  left  on  all  sides  of  the  City 
Ilall  to  proN'ide  a  very  handsome  public  square. 
The  building  has  a  frontage  of  380  feet  with  a 
dejHh  of  about  220,  and  will  have  a  floor  surface 
of  ;")()()  square  feet  on  each  of  its  stories.  It  is 
fi\e  stories  high,  and  a  handsome  bell-tower 
about  200  feet  high  is  to  surmount  it.  The 
general  st\lc  of  architecture  is  of  the  Louis  XI\'. 
order,  and  the  building  will  be  similar  in  appear- 
ance, although  nnich  more  massive  and  costly 
tliau  the  very  attractive  town  halls  to  be  seen  in 
Xormandy  and  Northern  Prance.  Tlie  basement 
and  fust  story  of  the  building  are  constructed  of 
.Missouri  granite,  the  material  of  the  njtjier 
stories  being  buff  Roman  brick,  with  sandstone 
lrinunini>s. 


The  roof,  upon  which  work  is  now  in  prog- 
ress, will  be  of  black  glazed  Spanish  tile,  lend- 
ing a  very  handsome  finish  to  a  building  which 
will  be  a  distinct  ornament  to  the  city.  The 
interior  courts  are  being  lined  with  white  glazed 
brick,  and  the  entire  structure  will  be  fire-proof 
throughout.  In  addition  to  the  apartments  in 
the  basement,  there  will  be  loO  rooms  in  the 
hall.  The  Council  Chamber  and  the  House  of 
Delegates,  will  each  cover  4,r)00sqi\are  feet,  and 
the  Treasury  and  Collector  of  Water  Rates 
departments,  now  so  inadequate  for  the  conven- 
ience of  the  public,  will  be  even  larger  than 
these  two  debating  chambers.  The  arrangre- 
inents  for  the  interior  decorations  are  very  elab- 
orate, and  as  at  present  arranged  will  consist  of 
granitoid  floors  for  the  store  and  filing-rooms  in 
the  basement;  mosaic  and  marble  tile  flooring 
for  corridors  and  the  public  sjiaces  of  oflSces; 
the  placing  of  fire-proof  arches  between  the 
iron  joints  to  the  building  and  marble  flooring  in 
working  spaces  of  the  offices.  Under  the  head 
of  interior  finish  is  also  included  the  entire 
plumbing  of  the  building,  including  marble 
walls  and  partitions  of  lavatories.  The  general 
scheme  of  decoration  consists  of  treating  the 
first-story  corridors  of  the  building,  the  central 
rotunda,  the  Council  Chamber,  the  House  of 
Delegates  and  the  Mayor's  office  in  quite  an 
elaborate  manner,  as  those  parts  of  the  building 
are  the  ones  seen  by  the  casual  visitor,  and  it 
was  thought  that  they  should  be  made  more  dec- 
orative than  the  general  offices  of  the  building. 
The  finish  in  lliose  cases  will  consist  of  scagliola 
art  marble,  and  will  be  dignified  and  monu- 
mental. The  working  rooms  of  the  building  are 
treated  in  a  strictly  utilitarian  manner,  and, 
while  the  large  amount  o{  wainscoting  necessarj* 
makes  it  expensive,  it  is  strictly  for  the  better- 
ment of  the  building,  there  being  no  waste  in 
the  way  of  an  elaborate  treatment  that  is  purely 
ornamental.  The  absence  of  wood  finish  and 
the  substitution  of  marble  makes  the  building 
more  strictly  fire-proof,  and  also  saves  the  ex- 
pense of  keeping  the  woodwork  presentable. 

The  ceilings  of  the  first-story  corridors  will  be 
a   succession  of    flat   domes.      These   will    be 


Ill 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


ELECTRIC 
STREET  LIGHTINQ. 


treated  in  fresco,  using  a  dead  gold  finisli,  and 
the  luider  parts  of  the  rotunda  will  be  painted 
an  old  ivory  tint,  with  the  ornamental  panels  and 
I^laster  decorations  picked  out  with  gilt.  The 
chambers  of  the  Council  and  House  of  Delegates 
are  wainscoted  fifteen  feet  high,  above  which  is 
a  wide  plain  belt  of  plaster,  which  is  to  be 
painted  a  flat  tint  of  old  ivory.  Above  this  belt 
is  an  elaborate  frieze  of  plaster,  the  ornaments 
of  which  are  picked  out  with  gilt.  All  the 
above  decorations  will  be  done  in  the  style  of 
Louis  XIV.  All  the  walls  above  the  marble 
wainscoting  and  the  ceilings  of  offices  are 
frescoed  in  flat  tones.  The  cost  of  the  building 
and  the  internal  decorations,  with  the  furniture, 
will  exceed  $1,500, 000  and  may  approximate 
$2,000,000. 

Another  event  of  special 
importance  from  a  uniuici- 
pal  standpoint  during  Mr. 
Noouan's  administration  was  the  lighting  of  the 
city  streets  and  alleys  by  electricity.  St.  Louis 
was  the  first  city  in  the  United  States  to  illumi- 
nate its  alleys  throughout  by  electric  light,  and 
it  was  really  the  first  city  in  the  world  to  make 
arrangements  for  lighting  the  whole  of  its 
streets  in  the  same  way.  It  is  scarcely  neces- 
sary to  speak  of  the  earliest  attempts  to  light 
the  streets  of  St.  Louis.  In  1837  the  State 
Legislature  authorized  the  St.  Louis  Gas  Light 
Company  to  erect  works  for  lighting  St.  Louis 
and  suburbs  with  gas.  The  charter  was  amended 
in  l.So'J  and  again  in  184."),  I)nt  the  clause  in  the 
charter  which  was  first  taken  advantage  of  was 
the  one  which  authorized  the  company  to  do  a 
banking  business.  In  1846  a  contract  was  en- 
tered into  between  the  city  and  the  company, 
and  in  November,  1847,  the  city  was  first  lighted 
with  gas.  For  fort\--tliree  years  gas  lamps  held 
undisputed  sway  in  St.  Louis,  but  in  the  year 
1889  a  new  department  was  added  to  the  city 
government,  under  the  management  of  a  super- 
visor of  city  lighting.  The  contracts  with  the 
gas  companies  expired  on  January  1,  1890,  on 
which  day  the  alleys  were  for  the  first  time 
lighted  throughout  by  means  of  the  incandes- 
cent system.      The  electric  company  which  had 


the  contract  for  arc  lights  for  the  .streets  was 
not  ready  to  commence  on  the  same  date,  but 
on  May  1st  the  entire  city  was  lighted  by  elec- 
tricity. 

During  the  early  part  of  18ii0  there  were 
erected  l,->'>2  arc  lights  for  the  streets,  1,4(!2 
incandescent  lights  for  the  alleys,  and  3,442  in- 
candescent lights  for  public  buildings.  The 
work  was  rapidly  increased,  and  early  in  1891 
3.3()  miles  of  streets  and  81  miles  of  alleys  were 
thoroughly  illuminated  by  electricity.  To  do 
this  more  than  2,000  arc  lights  were  required, 
and  about  r),000  incandescent  lights  were  in  use 
in  the  alleys  and  in  public  buildings.  The  sys- 
tem has  since  been  largely  increased,  and  St.  Louis 
is  certainly  the  best  lighted  city  on  the  conti- 
nent to-day. 

During  the  last  eight  or  ten  years  great  prog- 
ress has  been  made  witli  the  laying  of  pul)lic 
sewers,  and  St.  Louis,  in  addition  to  being 
favored  with  good  streets  and  excellent  lighting, 
has  also  a  sewerage  system  which  has  conduced 
largely  to  the  preservation  of  health  and  the 
general  comfort  of  the  inhabitants.  The  Mill 
Creek  Valley  forms  not  only  an  excellent  means 
of  entrance  for  the  railroads  from  the  west,  but 
also  an  unsurpassed  center  for  a  sewerage  s)'s- 
tem.  The  Mill  Creek  sewer  is  the  largest  in  the 
world,  and  it  receives  and  discharges  into  the 
Mississippi  river  from  the  southern  portion  of 
the  city  the  sewerage  and  strong  water  of  an 
area  comprising  12,300  acres.  The  rapid  growth 
of  the  city  in  every  direction  has  made  it  neces- 
sary to  lay  off  new  sewer  districts  and  to  carry 
on  an  immense  quantity  of  new  work,  but  the 
demand  has  been  fairly  kept  up  with  and  there 
are  now  in  the  city  nearly  400  miles  of  j)ublic 
and  district  sewers,  with  some  twenty  or  thirty 
additional  miles  constructed  every  year. 

The  cit}\s  finances  are  in  a  very 
healthv   condition.       The  bonded 


MUNICIPAL 
FINANCES. 


debt    on    April   10th,    18;i2,    was 
$21,524, ()80,  which  was  reduced  during  the  year 

bv  about  $ir)0, 000.*     Of  this  sum  $135,000  was 


*Since  the  above  was  written  the  bonded  indebtedness 
has  been  still  further  reduced,  and  now  amounts  to  about 
$21,200,000. 


SOC7.  IL  .  11)  I  AXr.lGES. 


115 


funiislied  by  tlie  siukin_y;  fimil,  and  more  tliaii 
$ !  '^  ()()()  bv  premiums  on  the  four  per  cent  renewal 
bonds,  which  were  placed  in  London.  These 
bonds,  redeemable  iu  twenty  years  and  bearin<i^  in- 
terest at  four  per  cent,  were  placed  at  $10 1.1"),  and 
(luriny  this  year  ( 189;-} )  bonds  of  similar  charac- 
ter to  the  extent  of  $1,250, .000  were  placed  in 
I^ondou  at  par.  This  latter  transaction  was, 
takin<r  into  account  the  condition  of  the  money 
market,  even  a  greater  achievement  than  that  of 
1.S!I2,  and  shows  clearly  how  the  credit  of  St. 
Louis  stands  abroad.  The  total  reduction  in 
the  bonded  debt  within  the  last  five  years  has 
amounted  to  over  $()00,000,  and  the  annual  in- 
terest charj^es  have  been  reduced  duriufr  that 
period  from  $l,lol,0'JU  to  less  than  $1,000,000. 


The  credit  of  New  St.  Louis  is  shown  In-  the 
rapid  decrease  in  the  interest  it  is  compelled  to 
pay  on  its  debt.  In  INH^i  the  interest  paid 
varied  from  seven  to  four  per  cent,  and  averaged 
nearly  six  per  cent.  The  average  in  1889  was 
five  per  cent,  and  now  it  is  about  four  and  a  half 
per  cent.  The  city  taxation  is  at  the  rate  of 
forty  cents  per  $100  for  the  ixayment  of  debt  and 
interest,  and  varies  from  one  dollar  to  sixty  cents 
for  general  purposes.  Considering  the  immense 
amount  of  new  public  work  made  necessary  by 
the  city's  growth  and  now  actually  in  hand,  the 
rate  of  taxation  is  exceedingly  low,  and  may  be 
mentioned  as  one  of  the  inducements  offered  to 
manufacturers  and  others  on  the  lookout  for  a 
location. 


CHAPTER    XI. 

SOCIAL    ADVANTAGES.* 

A  CLEAN  BILL  OF  HEALTH  AND  ITS  CAUSES.-EDUCATIONAL  FACILITIES.-ART.-LIBRARIES. 
CHURCHES.-MUSIC.-THEATERS.  -CLUBS.-HOTELS.-BENCH  AND  BAR.- 

MEDICAL.-JOURNALISM. 


IvW  vST.  LOUIS  is  a  cosmopolitan  eitv, 
not  only  in  regard  to  its  population,  but 
also  in  the  matter  of  its  achievements. 
If  this  history  has  accomplislied  its  pur- 
pose, it  has  established  tlie  fact  that 
New  St.  Louis  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant manufacturing  centers  in  the  world;  that 
it  is  the  center  of  the  most  fertile  region  in  Amer- 
ica; that  its  railroad  facilities  are  unsurpassed 
and  in  many  respects  nuapproached;  that  it  has 
thebcstrapidtrausitstreet  car.scrvice  in  America; 
that  its  financial  institutions  are  absolutelv  be- 
\<)ud  suspicion  and  reproach;  that  it  has  prac- 
tically reconstructed  itself  by  wholesale  building 

*The  reader  is  also  referred  to  the  Cliaptcrs  on  Mii- 
nioipal  .\ohieveiiKMits  and  on  New  Hiiildings.  Only  those 
social  advantages  not  included  in  preceding  chapters  are 
dealt  with  here. 


and  rebuilding,  and  that  in  nmnicipal  matters 
generally  it  has  been  the  pioneer  iu  almost 
countless  reforms  and  improvements.  The 
space  allotted  for  a  liistorical  sketch  of  New 
»St.  Lnuis  has  alread)'  boon  exceeded,  but  the 
subject  cannot  be  left  without  a  passing  refer- 
ence to  the  social  advantages,  which  are  quite  as 
conspicuous  as  those  of  a  strictly  mercantile  and 
financial  character.  The  city  lias  fully  appreci- 
ated the  jdiilosophy  contained  in  the  couplet: 

111  fares  the  land,  to  hastening;  ills  a  prey, 
Where  wealth  accumulates,  and  men  decay. 

Hence  it  has  not  overlooked  movements  which 
are  calculated  rather  to  make  men  healthy  and 
wise  than  strictly  wealthy;  and  a  large  measure 
of  success  has  attended  the  efforts  thus  made. 
There   are   still    many    reforms  needed,  and  it 


116 


OLD  AND  A7-:  W  SV.   /.(U  VS. 


would    be    idle    to  altciiipt  to  arj;;ne  that    New 
vSt.  Louis  is  a  model  city.     At  the  same  time  it 
compares  most  favorably  with  any  other  large 
city  in  the  world,  and  although  the  pessimist  is 
always    abroad,    many    of    his    complaints    and 
laments  resnlt  rather  from  the  expectation  of  the 
impossible,  than  any  serious  neglect  or  omission. 
We  have  already  seen  that  St.  Louis  is  the 
healthiest    large    city    in    the    world.      Various 
causes  have  combined  to  curtail  its  death-rate 
and  to  gi\e  it  a  clean  bill  of  health.     In  the 
first  place,  the  location  of  the  city  is  favorable  in 
the  extreme.      Scientists  have   of   late   derived 
much  satisfaction  from  calling  attention  to  the 
fact  that  the  Mississippi  river  runs  up  hill,  its 
source  being  nearer  the  earth's  center  than  its 
month.     If   this  is  so,   all  the  hill-climbing  is 
done  before  St.  Louis  is  reached,  because  the  ■ 
city  directrix  is  412  feet  higher  than  the  mean 
tide-mark  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.     The  city  is 
built    on    rising   ground   averaging   many    feet 
higher  than  the  directrix,  and  hence  although 
St.   Louis    cannot  be  described  as    a  mountain 
city,    it    is    certainly    not    a     lowland     town. 
Its    climate    is    delightful    in  the  extreme,  the 
friendly    shelter    of    mountains    and    hills    pro- 
tects it  from  cyclones  and  other  dangerous  wind 
storms,  and  its  location  seems  to  guarantee  to  it 
immunity  from  the  intense  heat  of  the  South 
and  bitter  cold  of  the  North.     The  mean  tem- 
peratures for  the  last  half  century  are  eighty  de- 
grees for  July,  seventy-si.x  degrees  for  August, 
and  thirty-one  degrees  for  January.      The  max- 
imum  temperature   for   a  year   rarely   exceeds 
ninety-five,  and  very  seldom  approaches  a  hun- 
dred.    The  average  daily  maximum  for  July,  the 
hottest  month  in  the  year,  has  been  about  eighty- 
eight  during  the  last  si.x  or  eight  years;  while  the 
average  minimum  for  the  same  month  has  been 
about  eighteen  degrees  lower.    It  is  important  to 
bear  these  figures  in  mind,  because  during  ex- 
ceptionally warm  spells  a  great  deal  is  apt  to  be 
said    about    excessive    heat,   although    it   is    a 
remarkable  fact  that  the  maximum  temperature 
of  St.  Louis  for  a  year  is  generally  lower  than 
that   of   cities   some   hundreds   of  miles   further 
north,  just  as  the  minimum  temperature  is  gen- 


erally higher  than  that  recorded  for  cities  much 
more  southern.  In  other  words,  the  climate  of 
St.  Louis,  as  a  rule,  is  equable  and  healthy,  and 
as  a  health  resort  the  city  is  entitled  to  more 
than  a  passing  word  of  praise. 

The  health  of  the  city  has 
ilso   been    maintained   by  the 


GOOD  WATER 
AND    PURE  AIR. 


excellence  of  the  water  supply. 
Efforts  which  can  only  be  described  as  superhu- 
man have  been  made  from  time  to  time  to  show 
that  St.  Louis  water  is  contaminated  and  unfit 
for  drinking  purposes.  These  efforts  have  been 
crowned  with  uniform  and  signal  failure,  and  the 
fact  has  also  been  established  that  in  the  rare 
event  of  an  epidemic  the  greatest  suffering  is 
always  in  houses  which  depend  for  their  water 
supply  on  cisterns  and  wells.  Even  now,  over- 
taxed as  are  the  water-works,  the  supply  of 
water  is  more  than  satisfactory;  and  when  the 
new  settling-tanks  and  filter-beds  are  in  opera- 
tion, St.  Louis  will  have  a  water  supply  as  good 
as  that  of  any  large  city  in  the  world  and  above 
the  possibility  of  suspicion. 

Like  all  manufacturing  cities,  St.  Louis  suffers 
from  the  emission  into  the  air  of  large  volumes 
of  what  is  known  to  the  law  as  "dense  black" 
and  "thick  gray  smoke."  A  writer  in  the 
AVrc  England  Magazine  for  January,  1892,  says 
that  "  within  ten  years  the  temporary  and  ex- 
asperating evil  of  smoke  from  bituminous  coal 
will  be  in  a  great  part  removed."  The  writer 
overlooked  the  fact  that  Old  St.  Louis  has  given 
place  to  New,  and  although  only  two  )-ears  have 
elapsed  since  the  able  article  from  wdiicli  the  ex- 
tract is  taken  was  written,  the  smoke  nuisance 
has  already  been  very  largely  remedied  and  re- 
moved. Too  much  credit  can  scarcely  be  accorded 
the  Citizens'  Smoke  Abatement  Association  for 
its  work  in  this  direction.  The  leading  spirits  in 
the  movement,  to  which  reference  has  already 
been  made,  have  been  Messrs.  L.  D.  Kingsland, 
Clark  H.  Sampson,  Samuel  M.  Kennard,  A.  D. 
Brown,  E.  D.  Meier,  C.  H.  Huttig,  and  other 
manufacturers  and  merchants,  while  Prof.  W. 
B.  Potter,  one  of  the  best  known  mining  en- 
gineers and  metallurgists  in  the  United  States, 
has  lent  to  the  movement  the  knowledge  gained 


SOCIAL  A  J)  I '.  LV  TA  GES. 


117 


b}'  many  j-ears'  experimenting  and  testing.  'I'iie 
first  step  taken  by  the  association  was  to  satisfy 
itself  that  smoke  can  be  abated,  even  when  bi- 
tuminous coal  is  used,  without  the  slightest 
hindrance  to  manufacture  or  commerce.  This 
fact  being  finally  established,  it  obtained  leg- 
islation and  inaugurated  a  canvass  of  thesmokc- 
rcducing  plants  of  the  city.  Excluding  hotels 
and  pri\-ate  houses,  several  hundred  offenders 
were  listed,  and  moral  suasion  was  brought  to 
bear  to  prevail  upon  these  to  put  in  smoke- 
abatement  devices  without  waiting  for  legal  pro- 
ceedings. 

Already  more  than  500  grossly  offending 
chimneys  have  ceased  to  deluge  the  air  with 
smoke,  and  of  the  first  200  cases  in  which  no- 
tice of  prosecution  was  given,  l!t5  secured  a 
continuance,  or  rather  a  postponement,  by  pro- 
ducing satisfactory 'evidence  that  they  had  either 
abated  the  smoke  or  signed  contracts  to  enable 
them  to  do  so.  Other  experiments  are  being 
made  with  coke  and  smokeless  coal;  and  al- 
though, as  previously  remarked,  it  is  scarcely  to 
be  expected  that  St.  Louis  will  ever  be  abso- 
lutely free  from  smoke,  it  is  certain  that  long 
before  the  ten  years  aforesaid  have  expired,  the 
city's  attractiveness  and  healthiness  will  have 
been  increased  by  the  reduction  of  wdiat  has 
hitherto  been  almost  a  scandal,  to  nothing  more 
than  a  sentimental  grievance. 

During  the  New  St.  T^ouis  pe- 
riod great  progress  has  been  made 


THB  CITY'S 
PARKS. 


in  the  laying  out  and  improving 
of  the  city  parks.  Thanks  to  the  forethought 
of  legislators  in  years  gone  by,  the  city  has  a 
better  devised  park  system  than  that  of  any 
large  city  in  the  world.  There  are  upwards  of 
2,000  acres  reserved  for  breathing  grounds,  and 
the  best  possible  use  is  made  of  them.  Forest 
Park,  consisting  of  1,.'571  acres,  was  purchased 
in  1874,  and  during  the  last  few  years  it  has 
l)ceu  made  far  more  attractive  by  the  addition 
of  a  zt)ological  department,  while  at  the  present 
time  the  jiroject  of  raising  a  private  fund  ft)rthe 
erection  of  a  nmseum  in  it  is  being  seriously  dis- 
cussed. The  financial  stringency  of  I.S!l.'5  has 
naturally  retarded  the  enterprise,  but  New  St. 


Louis  has  never  been  known  to  fail  in  good 
work  of  this  character,  and  there  seems  no  doubt 
that  in  the  early  future  the  project  will  materi- 
alize satisfactorily.  The  eastern  portion  of 
Forest  Park  is  laid  out  with  delightful  drive- 
ways, while  the  western  portion  is  less  culti- 
vated and  possesses  rural  charms  very  attractive 
to  the  visitor. 

Tower  Grove  Park,  consisting  of  some  266 
acres,  is  a  more  highly  improved  recreation 
ground.  It  is  not  only  a  favorite  driveway,  but 
it  has  some  magnificent  statues,  presented  to 
the  city  by  Mr.  Henry  Shaw.  These  include 
the  first  bronze  statue  of  Columbus  ever  erected 
in  this  country,  and  also  other  works  of  art  of  a 
costly  and  attractive  nature.  Adjoining  Tower 
Grove  Park  is  the  Missouri  Botanical  Garden, 
known  generally  as  Shaw's  Garden,  which  was 
laid  out  by  the  deceased  millionaire  and  be- 
queathed by  him  to  the  city.  The  garden  cov- 
ers a  space  of  about  fifty  acres,  and  is  regarded 
as  one  of  the  finest  botanical  gardens  in  the 
world,  attracting  visitors  from  all  sections.  It 
was  laid  out  without  regard  to  expense,  and  is  so 
richly  endowed  that  it  will  be  preserved  for  all 
time  to  come  in  its  present  magnificence.  Its 
principal  features  are  the  main  turf  walk  to  the 
couser\-atory,  the  statue  of  \'ictory,  the  mauso- 
leum containing  Henry  Shaw's  remains,  the 
grand  parterre,  ornamented  with  flower-beds  and 
statuary,  the  lotus  ponds,  water-lily  ponds  and 
show  of  water  plants,  the  lodge  for  the  garden 
pupils,  a  grand  display  of  cacti,  palms  and 
exotics,  the  Linnean  house,  the  sunnner  house 
in  the  fruticetum,  the  willow  jjond  in  the  arbo- 
retum grove  and  herbaceous  grounds,  the  late 
residence  of  Henry  Shaw  in  the  garden,  the 
grape  arbor  in  the  fruticetum,  and  labyrinth. 

The  other  city  parks  include  recreation  grounds 
in  every  section  of  the  city,  easily  accessible  by 
street  cars.  They  are  not  described  at  any 
length  here,  because  most  of  them  were  acquired 
before  New  St.  Louis  commenced  to  assert  its 
influence  and  displace  the  old  regime.  For  the 
same  reason  but  a  passing  tribute  can  be  paid  to 
the  police  department,  wh.ich  is  admitted  to  be 
one  of  the  most  eflicieiit  in  the  country,or  to  the 


118 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


WASHINGTON  UNIVERSITY 
AND  ITS  WORK. 


fire  department,  wliicli  has  no  rival,  and  which 
has  \von  praise  from  the  chiefs  of  departments  \is- 
iting  St.  Louis  from  cities  in  almost  ever)-  section 
of  the  world. 

In    educational 

matte  rs    New  St. 

Louis  has  been  as 
conscientiously  active  as  in  those  relatinsr  to 
wealth,  health  and  comfort.  It  is  a  pleasing 
characteristic  of  the  West  that,  no  matter  how 
rapid  or  spasmodic  the  growth  of  cities  has  been, 
the  rights  of  the  rising  generation,  in  the  matter 
of  educational  facilities,  have  never  been  over- 
looked. This  has  been  the  case  in  a  most 
marked  degree  in  St.  Louis,  where  the  growth 
of  the  school  system  has  fully  kept  pace  with 
the  phenomenal  advance  in  other  directions. 
The  grandest  educational  institution  in  the 
city  is  the  Washington  University,  which 
ranks  among  the  verv'  best  colleges  in  the 
country.  The  charter  under  which  the  uni- 
versity was  operated  was  signed  by  the  gov- 
ernor of  the  State  in  1853,  on  Washington's 
birthday.  In  the  charter  the  institution  thus 
formed  was  described  as  the  Eliot  Seminary,  and 
later  the  name  was  changed  to  O'Fallon  In- 
stitute. The  constitution  declared  that  the 
institution  should  comprise  a  collegiate  depart- 
ment, a  female  seminary,  a  practical  and  scien- 
tific department,  an  industrial  school,  and  such 
other  departments  as  the  board  of  directors 
might  determine.  It  was  also  very  discreetly 
ordained  that  there  should  be  no  instruction 
sectarian  in  religion  or  partisan  in  politics,  and 
that  no  sectarian  or  partisan  test  should  be  used 
in  the  selection  of  professors  or  officers  of  the 
institute.  It  was  specially  desired  by  the  sev- 
enteen men  who  formed  the  first  board  of  direct- 
ors  that  the  university  should  be  known  by  the 
name  of  the  first  president,  but  Dr.  Eliot  ob- 
jected strongly,  and  after  considerable  wavering 
the  board  adopted  his  view  and  the  university 
was  given  the  name  b\'  which  it  alwa\'S  has 
been  known  during  its  forty  years  of  extreme 
usefulness. 

Dr.  Eliot  outlived  nearly  all  of  his  colleagues 
on  the   original    board   of    directors,  remaining 


president  of  that  body  until  the  year  1887,  when 
his  illustrious  career  was  terminated  by  death. 
It  is  probable  that  if  a  vote  could  be  taken  on 
the  question,  a  majority  of  the  inhabitants  of 
St.  Louis  would  favor  the  name  being  changed 
back  to  the  original  appellation.  The  name 
"Washington"  has  been  so  largely  adopted 
throughout  the  country  for  various  purjjoscs 
that  it  does  not  retain  sufficient  distinctive  qual- 
ities to  be  a  proper  name  for  a  large  unixx-rsity 
in  a  central  western  city.  There  has,  however, 
been  little  agitation  of  late  on  the  question  of 
name,  the  more  important  question  of  the  possi- 
bility of  having  to  move  further  west  in  order 
to  obtain  more  accommodation,  having  received 
more  attention  at  the  hands  of  the  directors. 
The  university  is  at  present  located  on  Wash- 
ington avenue  at  the  summit  of  the  first  hill 
above  the  actual  bluffs.  The  southern  wing  of 
the  building  and  the  chemical  laboratory  were 
erected  in  18.').'i,  and  about  the  same  time  the 
Poh'technic  Building  was  erected  on  the  corner 
of  Seventh  and  Chestnut  streets  for  further 
work  in  connection  with  the  university,  espe- 
cially in  its  industrial  department.  The  Poly- 
technic Building  still  stands,  though  it  has 
passed  out  of  the  hands  of  educational  directors 
and  is  now  occupied  bv  the  Real  Estate  Ex- 
change and  by  real  estate  firms.  At  a  com])ar- 
atively  early  date  the  building  is  likely  to  be 
torn  down  and  replaced  by  a  more  lofty  and 
more  modern  structure,  better  adapted  for  the 
purposes  of  commerce  and  finance. 

The  Polytechnic  Building  was  nearly  nine 
years  in  erection,  and  its  final  cost,  including 
the  site,  was  !?4()(),()n(l.  lu  the  meantime  the 
outbreak  of  the  war  had  hampered  the  univer- 
sity's finances,  and  the  institution  found  itself  in 
debt  with  a  building  on  its  hands  entirely  un- 
suited  for  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  con- 
structed. In  18()8  the  building  was  sold  to  the 
St.  Louis  Board  of  Education  for  !?i'.S{),000,  and 
with  the  money  thus  obtained  the  university- 
proper  began  to  make  up  for  the  time  lost  by 
the  war  and  the  mistake  made  in  the  designs  of 
the  Polytechnic.  Mr.  \\'illiam  Chouvenat  was 
then  chancellor,  and  during  his  administration 


SOCIAL  .IDl'ANTAGES. 


119 


tlie  university  made  gjreat  proo;ress.  The  Mary 
Institute,  orgauized  in  l.s.'i'),  had  already  been 
established  on  a  firm  footinji;,  and  the  Poly- 
technic School,  with  technical  courses  in  en_cji- 
neering  and  chemistry,  was  formed.  In  1X70 
Chancellor  Chouvenat  died,  and  Dr.  Eliot  as- 
sumed the  duties  of  chancellor  as  well  as  presi- 
dent. He  lived  to  see  the  dream  of  his  youth 
\ery  largely  carried  out.  The  Swift  Academy 
became  separated  from  the  undergraduate  depart- 
ment and  was  established  in  a  buildingof  its  own. 
The  Manual  Training  vSchool,  admitted  to  be 
one  of  the  finest  of  its  class  in  the  world,  was 
established  on  a  firm  footing,  and  has  since 
attained  popularity  which  has  made  it  more 
than  famous.  The  St.  Louis  Medical  School  is 
one  of  the  many  branches  of  the  uni\-ersity; 
and  by  the  will  of  Henry  Shaw  a  school  of 
botany  has  been  endowed  with  facilities  for 
studxing  Ijotany  unexcelled  in  any  institution  in 
tlie  world.  As  already  stated.  Dr.  Eliot  died  in 
1.S.S7.  He  was  succeeded  by  Mr.  G.  E.  Eeigh- 
ton  as  president,  and  by  Prof.  \V.  S.  Chapman 
as  chancellor.  There  are  between  1,.")()0  and 
],(!<)()  students  enrolled  in  the  university,  and 
there  is  every  probability  of  a  scheme  material- 
izing at  an  early  date  whereby  the  institution 
will  move  out  in  the  suburbs  and  build  for  itself 
a  larger  home,  more  suitable  in  every  way  for 
the  carrying  out  of  the  great  work  inaugurated  by 
some  of  St.  Louis'  greatest  men  forty  }-ears  ago. 
The  Washington  Observatory  in  connection 
with  the  university  is  one  of  the  most  impor- 
tant in  the  world.  It  gives  time,  to  use  the 
technical  expression,  to  thousands  of  public, 
railroad  and  other  clocks,  regulating  the  official 
time  and  correcting  it  to  actual  time  over  a  larger 
area  than  any  other  observatory  in  the  world, 
with  the  single  exception  of  that  of  Greenwich, 
near  London,  England,  from  which  the  degrees 
ijf  longitude  are  calculated. 

The  School  of  I'ine  Arts  in 
connection  with  the  nniversit>' 
basils  home  in  a  very  appropriate 
and  attracti\e  building  situated 
at  Eighteenth  and  Locust  streets.  A  history 
of  the  earK-  strmiirlcs  of  art   and  artists  in  this 


THE  MUSEUM 

OF 

FINE  ARTS. 


city  would  be  of  great  interest,  but  it  is  impossi- 
ble to  handle  it  in  this  place  in  a  manner  satis- 
factory to  experts.  Just  before  the  war  the 
Western  Academy  of  Arts  was  established,  with 
]\Ir.  Henry  T.  Blow  as  its  first  president.  The 
outbreak  of  hostilities  put  a  stop  to  the  career 
of  the  academy,  and  it  was  not  until  1872  that 
another  attempt  was  made.  In  the  latter  year 
the  Art  Society  was  established,  with  Mr. 
Thomas  Richcson  as  president.  By  this  society 
many  of  the  unique  specimens  on  view  in  the 
reading-room  of  the  Public  Library  were  col- 
lected and  donated.  The  society  ceased  to  have 
any  practical  influence  after  1878.  In  1877  the 
St.  Louis  Sketch  Club  was  established,  and  in 
1878  Mrs.  John  D.  Henderson  formed  and  opened 
a  school  of  design. 

In  1881  the  School  of  Fine  Arts  in  connection 
with  Washington  University  was  finally  estab- 
lished, in  pursuance  of  the  plan  originally  de- 
termined upon  by  the  founders  of  the  institution. 
Prior  to  this  date  the  School  of  Fine  Arts  had 
been  announced,  but  the  year  1881  saw  it  located 
in  a  permanent  home.  On  the  Kith  of  Alay, 
l.SSl,  .Mr.  Wa\-man  Crow,  than  whom  a  more 
loyal  St.  Louisan  never  lived,  donated  to  the 
uni\-ersity  the  magnificent  structure  known  as 
the  St.  Louis  Museum  of  Fine  Arts.  When  this 
home  for  the  preservation  of  the  beautiful  was 
constructed,  Lucas  place,  as  it  was  then  called, 
was  exclusively  a  residence  locality.  Since  then 
its  name  has  been  changed  to  Locust  street,  and 
factory  after  factory  has  been  erected  on  its 
frontage  lines.  In  the  midst  of  these  monu- 
ments to  commercial  progress  the  museum 
stands  out  in  bold  relief  as  an  exponent  of  an 
entirely  different  idea,  and  also  a  different  style 
of  architecture.  The  auditorium  will  seat  nearly 
1,01)0  people,  and  the  five  galleries  are  graced 
with  many  works  of  art  which  would  have  been 
lost  to  St.  Louis  but  for  the  princely  genercsity 
of  Mr.  Wavnian  Crow  and  the  zeal  of  those  who 
have  watched  over  the  museum  with  almost 
tender  solicitude.  Prof.  Halsey  C.  Ives,  who 
has  been  connected  with  art  movements  in 
St.  Louis  for  many  years,  is  now  at  work  on  a 
project  of  far  greater  magnitude  than  any  he  has 


120 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


yet  identified  himself  with,  and  stndents  and 
lovers  of  art  will  have  no  canse  to  consider 
themselves  neglected  or  overlooked. 

The  inflnence  of  W'ashington  University  and 
the  numerous' institutions  connected  with  it  has 
been  of  immense  valne  to  St.  Louis  in  every 
way.  Mention  has  been  made  in  the  mercantile 
chapters  of  this  work  of  the  importance  of  ce- 
menting the  relations  between  St.  lyouis  and  the 
Spanish-American  republics.  This  work  is  be- 
ing done,  not  only  by  the  agency  of  St.  Louis 
bnsiness  mm  and  their  representatives  traveling 
throughout  the  countries  named,  but  also  by  the 
education  of  quite  a  large  number  of  Mexican 
yonng  men  at  Washington  University.  Al- 
though there  are  no  arrangements  for  stndents 
to  board  in  the  institution,  a  very  large  number 
of  non-resident  students  are  always  enrolled, 
and  these  find  convenient  board  accommodation 
close  to  the  great  seat  of  learning.  Among  the 
prominent  business  and  professional  men  of  St. 
Louis  a  singularly  large  percentage  graduated 
from  the  Uni\-ersity  on  Washington  avenue,  and 
this  is  also  the  case  of  many  of  the  leading  men 
of  Missouri  and  adjoining  States.  The  exact 
location  of  the  future  home  of  the  university  is 
in  doubt  at  the  present  time,  but  its  future  is 
assured.  No  institution  of  St.  Louis  has  done 
more  to  make  the  city  famous  and  respected. 

The  public  school  system 
of  St.  Louis  ranks  among 
the  very  best  in  the  world. 
At  the  Columbian  Exposition  exhibits  from  these 
schools  obtained  eleven  highest  awards,  and  the 
exhibits  attracted  so  much  attention  that  a  large 
number  of  visitors  to  the  Fair,  including  officials 
from  several  States,  visited  St.  Louis  before 
returning  to  their  homes  for  the  express  purpose 
of  familiarizing  themselves  with  the  methods 
which  had  so  excited  their  admiration.  The 
triumph  at  the  World's  Fair  was  by  no  means  a 
surprise  to  those  who  have  taken  an  interest  in 
the  St.  Louis  schools,  because  the  city  has  been 
looked  upon  for  years  as  the  pioneer  in  advanced 
studies  for  the  masses,  and  the  St.  Louis  system, 
as  it  is  frequently  called,  has  been  adopted  by  a 
large  number  of  the  best  cities  in  the  country. 


THE  PUBLIC 
SCHOOL    SYSTEM 


Without  attempting  a  detailed  history  of  the  rise 
and  progress  of  the  public  schools  of  St.  Louis  it 
may  be  said  that  their  earliest  triumphs  were 
achie\X'd  during  the  administration  of  Dr.  Wm. 
T.  Harris,  who  was  for  twenty  years  connected 
with  our  public  schools,  and  wdio  has  since  made 
an  international  reputation  as  United  States  edu- 
cational commissioner.  His  work  in  connection 
with  the  public  schools  was  of  the  noblest  possi- 
ble character,  and  the  excellent  plan  that  he 
formulated  and  popularized,  has  not  been  mate- 
rially varied  since  he  left  the  city. 

The  chief  difficulty  with  which  his  successors 
have  had  to  contend,  has  been  in  the  rapid 
increase  in  the  number  of  applicants  for  admis- 
sion. In  1875  there  were  fifty-six  school-houses 
in  St.  Louis,  with  about  30,000  seats.  In  l.SS(. 
the  number  of  houses  had  increased  to  103,  and 
the  accommodation  to  a  little  over  42,000.  In 
the  last  days  of  Old  St.  Louis,  the  sitting  accom- 
modation of  the  public  schools  was  about  45,000, 
which  was  increased  very  rapidly  to  50,000, 
which  was  the  return  in  the  early  part  of  1881). 
In  1890  there  were  1 1 1  school-houses  with  51,(i45 
seats.  In  1891  additions  to  the  existing  schools 
provided  accommodation  for  nearly  2,000  more 
scholars,  and  in  1892  the  opening  of  new 
schools  increased  the  seats  to  nearly  57,000.  At 
the  present  time  the  demand  for  new  schools  is 
being  met  as  rapidly  as  possible,  and  during  tlie 
first  quarter  of  the  school  year  1893-94,  the 
attendance  reached  61,252,  an  increase  of  3,400 
on  the  preceding  quarter.  Despite  the  efforts  of 
the  authorities,  3(55  children  were  unable  to  find 
sitting  accommodation  at  the  schools  when  the 
last  report  was  issued,  and  although  work  is 
being:  continued  in  school  building  and  enlarge- 
ment,  the  number  of  children  grows  so  rapidly 
that  great  difficulty  is  experienced  in  keeping 
up  with  the  demand. 

It  will  be  observed  that  during  the  last  twenty 
years  the  accommodation  has  been  more  than 
doubled,  notwithstanding  the  fact  that  during 
that  period  a  very  large  number  of  very  excel- 
lent private  schools  have  been  established. 
Even  during  the  New  St.  Louis  era  there  has 
been  an  increase  in  school  attendance  of  more 


SOCIAL  ADVANTAGES. 


121 


FROM  KINDEROARTEN 

TO 

THE  "HIGH.- 


than  tliirly-lhree  per  cent.  It  now  costs  more 
tlian  $1,000, 000  a  year  in  teachers'  salaries  alone 
to  maintain  the  teachers'  staff;  and  it  is  notorions 
that  St.  Lonis  pays  a  higher  j^rade  of  salaries 
for  teachers  than  any  other  citv,  the  desire  be- 
ing to  obtain  the  best  possible  tnition  for  chil- 
dren. The  salaries  range  as  high  as  i?;>,00()  a 
}car,  and  the  sjsteni  of  advancement  as  a  re- 
ward of  merit  has  had  the  effect  of  keeping  the 
best  teachers  in  the  city,  and  encouraging  tal- 
ented instructors  from  every  point  to  come  to 
St.  Louis. 

Commencing  with  the 
youngest  children,  refer- 
ence may  be  made  to 
the  kindergarten  classes, 
at  which  the  attendance  exceeds  5,000.  Kin- 
dergartens are  established  in  nearly  all  the  dis- 
trict schools,  and  it  is  about  twenty  years  since 
tlie  experiment  was  commenced.  The  kinder- 
garten, as  found  in  St.  Louis,  is  not  a  nursery, 
but  is  an  attempt  to  instruct  the  little  people  in 
necessary  study,  and  to  lay  the  foundation  of  the 
education  they  will  require  in  later  years.  Froe- 
bel's  idea  was  to  develop  in  each  child  the  germ 
of  intelligence,  and  the  leading  fundamental 
])rinciple  of  his  method  is  developed.  "  I  see 
in  every  child,"  said  he,  "the  possibilities  of  a 
])erfect  mind;"  and  this  is  the  underlving  prin- 
ciple of  the  kindergarten  course  in  the  St.  Louis 
schools.  The  adoption  of  games  makes  it  pos- 
sible to  accomplish  the  object  without  difficulty; 
and  this  is  done  with  invariable  success.  The 
c-hild  is  not  only  taught  to  distinguish  between 
the  colors  and  the  different  letters,  figures  and 
words,  but  it  is  also  instructed  in  manners  and 
])olite  habits,  and  to  practice  the  eti([uette  and 
auu-nities  of  ])olite  life.  Prof.  I^ong,  wlio  is  now 
superintendent  of  the  schools,  entered  very 
heartily  into  the  s[)irit  of  his  eminent  predeces- 
sor, and  the  interest  Mr.  Long  takes  in  the  kin- 
dergarten department  is  largely  responsible  for 
the  high  state  of  efficiency  which  has  been 
maintained. 

Children  enter  the  kindergarten  cla.ss  at  six, 
though  they  are  often  found  as  young  as  five. 
The  age  at  which  thcv  enter  upon  other  deixirt- 


ments  neces.sarily  varies,  but  it  is  found  that  the 
influence  of  this  early  tuition  remains  through- 
out their  entire  educational  period.  The  enroll- 
ment in  the  kindergarten  schools  now  exceeds 
8,000,  and  it  has  been  suggested  frequently  that 
a  change  should  be  made  in  the  law  so  as  to  let 
the  children  commence  at  four,  instead  of  six. 
Forty-five  schools  have  kindergartens  connected 
with  them,  in  si.x  of  which  the  children  are  al- 
lowed to  attend  all  day,  while  in  the  remainder 
the  children  attend  half  a  day  onl}'  and  thus 
increase  the  number  of  children  able  to  obtain 
education  in  tliis  preliminary  but  important 
branch. 

In  the  intermediate  and  higher  grades,  a  high- 
class  education,  fully  equal  to  that  obtained  in 
comparati\"ely  costly  academies  and  colleges  is 
given.  It  is  the  desire  and  policy  of  the  School 
Board  that  every  pupil  shall  pass  right  through 
the  course  of  study  from  the  Kindergarten  to 
the  High,  but  when  owing  to  accident  or  other- 
wise, a  child  has  to  leave  school  after  passing 
through  the  early  grades,  he  can  fill  a  position 
often  nearly  as  well  as  his  more  fortunate  broth- 
ers. In  addition  to  a  full  course  in  reading, 
writing,  arithmetic  and  national  history,  each 
child  has  the  benefit  of  a  complete  system  of 
calisthenics  and  enlightened  control  of  discipline, 
and  a  comjireheusive  arrangement  of  those  lines 
of  instruction  iudisi)ensable  to  people  who  have 
to  make  their  own  wa\"  in  life.  As  in  all  manu- 
facturing cities,  the  children  are  apt  to  leave 
school  at  too  early  an  age,  and  one  of  the  difficul- 
ties which  has  beset  not  only  Prof.  Harris,  but 
also  his  successors,  is  how  to  crowd  a  full  course 
of  training  which  ought  to  occupy  eight  or  ten 
years  into  five  or  si.x.  UilTicult  as  the  task 
necessarily  appears,  it  has  been  accomplished 
with  great  success,  and  the  teachers  deserve 
great  credit  for  their  triumphs  in  this  direction. 
For  those  who  are  compelled  to  leave  school 
prematurely,  an  excellent  system  of  night 
schools  is  in  operation,  and  some  of  the  very 
best  business  colleges  in  the  United  States  en- 
able young  men  and  ladies  to  put  the  finishing 
strokes  to  what  may  be  termed  a  commercial 
traininsj. 


12-2 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


PAROCHIAL  SCHOOLS 
AND  COLLEGES. 


The  Normal  and  the  Hi.ijh  schools  are  uni- 
versities in  evcrythin<^  but  name,  and  those  who 
are  fortunate  enouj^h  to  Ije  able  to  graduate  frt)ni 
either  can  hold  their  owu  in  almost  any  com- 
pany. A  St.  Louis  Normal  diploma  gives  an 
applicant  for  a  teacher's  position  exceptional 
ad\'antage  over  his  or  her  competitors,  and  many 
of  the  most  successful  princi]xils  in  the  country 
graduated  from  this  favored  city.  There  is 
also  a  Normal  school  for  colored  children  who 
desire  to  adopt  teaching  as  a  profession;  and  edu- 
cation's p-ood  influence  is  felt  in  every  class  and 
by  all  people. 

In  addition  to  the  ad- 
mirable public  schools 
of  the  city,  St.  Louis 
has  a  parochial  school  system  which  does  ex- 
cellent work.  The  city  has  grown  so  rapidly 
that  the  financial  resources  of  the  Board  of  Edu- 
cation have  been  taxed  to  the  uttermost  to  keep 
pace  with  the  growth  in  the  number  of  children 
of  school  age,  and  were  it  not  for  the  fact  that 
the  parochial  schools  take  care  of  more  than 
20,000  children,  and  give  them  a  high-class 
education,  it  would  lia\'e  been  impossible  to 
make  both  ends  meet.  The  Catholic  population 
of  St.  Louis  has  not  neglected  its  duty  towards 
the  rising  generation,  and  the  amount  of  money 
it  has  raised  for  the  maintenance  of  parochial 
schools  reflects  the  greatest  credit  upon  its  sin- 
cerity and  liberality. 

There  are  more  than  forty  parochial  schools, 
employing  nearly  200  teachers,  and  the  average 
attendance  is  between  22,000  and  23,000.  When 
parents  are  in  a  position  to  pay,  a  small  tuition 
fee  is  charged,  but  a  large  percentage  of  the 
children  are  taught  entirely  free  of  charge.  The 
teachers  in  the  Catholic  schools  are  taken  from 
the  ranks  of  the  Christian  Brothers,  Sisters  of 
Charity,  Sisters  of  Mercy,  and  the  members  of 
various  orders,  and  they  are  hence  excep- 
tionally competent  in  the  performance  of  their 
duties.  The  parochial  school  buildings  are  of 
an  improved  character,  and  are  generally  well 
ventilated  and  appointed.  Children  are  received 
between  the  ages  of  six  and  fifteen,  and  when 
they  have  graduated  they  have  an  opportunity 


of   entering   one   or   another  of  the   numerous 
Catholic  colleges  in  the  city. 

Without  attempting  to  give  a  list  of  these  col- 
leges and  uni\ersities,  one  or  two  must  be  men- 
tioned as  deserving  of  special  praise.  The 
Christjan  Brothers'  College  is  perhaps  the  most 
proniineul.  The  Christian  Brothers  came  here 
from  I'"rance  nearlv  half  a  century  ag(.)  and 
established  themselves  at  Kighth  and  Cerre 
streets.  With  the  birth  of  New  St.  Louis  the 
Brothers  went  west  and  purchased  a  ten-acre 
tract  at  the  corner  of  Easton  avenue  and  King's 
Highway,  wdiere  they  erected  a  building  of 
brick  and  stone,  designed  in  the  shape  of  a  cross, 
consisting  of  a  central  edifice  and  four  wings. 
It  has  a  frontage  of  870  feet,  a  depth  of  2tl(t 
feet  and  an  elevation  of  110  feet.  In  the  center 
is  a  fine  rotunda  HO  feet  square.  P^Ncry  modern 
convenience  is  provided.  The  college  is  a  com- 
munity in  itself,  and  its  location,  buildings  and 
grounds  are  not  excelled  for  educational  pur- 
poses in  the  Mississippi  \'alley.  It  is  easily  ac- 
cessible by  the  Easton  avenue  cars  from  the 
heart  of  the  city,  and  is  just  far  enough  out  to 
combine  rural  and  city  life.  The  curriculum 
comprises  preparatory,  commercial,  collegiate, 
literary  and  scientific  courses.  There  are  gener- 
ally from  .")00  to  400  students  at  the  college,  and 
a  corps  of  thirt\--three  professors,  all  of  whom 
with  the  excei^tion  of  three  are  Christian  Broth- 
ers, is  engaged. 

The  St.  Louis  University  has  been  identified 
with  St.  Louis  for  nearly  seventy  years.  It  was 
originally  located  in  a  home  constructed  in  the 
thirties  on  what  is  now  known  as  Ninth  and 
Christy  avenue,  but  what  was  then  looked  upon 
as  out  in  the  woods.  In  l-siw  a  nuich  more 
suitable  site  was  purchased  on  Cirand  a\'emic 
and  Pine  street,  where  there  has  been  erected 
one  of  the  grandest  educational  l)uildings  in  the 
United  States.  It  has  the  form  of  a  reversed  L, 
the  base  line  being  on  the  left  instead  of  the 
right  side  of  the  perpendicnlar.  The  front  on 
Grand  avenue  measures  270  feet,  and  all  that 
portion  of  the  building  is  devoted  to  college 
purposes.  The  resident  portion  is  further 
west.      The  immense  structure  is  built  of  brick 


SOC/.  I/.  .IDl 'ANTA GES. 


123 


and  stone,  and  its  architecture  is  early  decorated 
luiglish  Gothic.  It  has  a  magnificent  museum, 
fine  laboratory  and  library,  and  all  the  adjuncts 
of  a  thoroughly  equipped  college,  including  a 
kcture-room  with  seating  capacity  of  500.  The 
college  has  an  attendance  of  about  'AM^  and  its 
instructors  are  Jesuit  Fathers. 

It  would  be  interesting,  if  space  permitted,  to 
niention  in  detail  the  various  schools  and  edu- 
cational institutions  of  St.  Louis;  but  this 
being  impossible,  the  subject  nnist  be  dismissed 
with  the  statement  that  few  cities  in  the  world 
are  more  thoroughly  equipped  for  educational 
jmrposes  than  St.  Louis.  Men  can  be  trained 
for  the  highest  professions;  and  the  higher 
education  of  women  has  been  remembered  and 
l^rovided  fiir  in  a  manner  which  disarms  criticism 
at  the  threshold. 

The   libraries    of    St. 
LIBRARIES,  ^       .       ., 

Louis,  if  not  so  iiumer- 

PUBLIC  AND  PRIVATE.      ^^^^   ^^   ^„„^^  ^^  ^1,^^^  ^^ 

be  found  in  the  older  cities  of  the  East,  make 
u])    in   efhciency  and  completeness  what  they 
lack  in   nunil)ers.       Many  of  the  city's  promi- 
nent men  luu'e  private  libraries  of  the  grandest 
t\pe,  and  the  city  has  two  public  libraries  which 
are  an  honor  to  the  municipality  and  a  constant 
source  of  profit  and  entertainment  to  the  stu- 
dent and  searcher  after  knowledge.     The  Mer- 
cantile  Library  will   soon    celebrate    its    semi- 
cenU-unial.      It  has  now  nearly,  if  not  (luite,   a 
hundred  thousand  valuable  volumes,   although 
its  first  report  speaks  with  gratification  of  the 
])ossessiou  of  less  than  two  thousand.     Under 
the   able    inanagement   of   Mr.   John   M.    Dxcr, 
<ine  of  the  best  librarians  the  country  has  seen, 
the  library  grew  and  prospered,  and  the  dream 
of    that     gentlemairs    life    was    realized    some 
four  or  fi\e  years  ago  when  the  new  fire-proof 
l)iiildiiig    at    the    corner  of   Sixth    and    Locust 
was  erected  as  a  safe  home  for  the  priceless 
treasures  owned  by  the  association.      A  statue  of 
Mr.  Dyer  in  the  library  serves  as  a   painful  re- 
minder that  he  died  of  overwork  in  connection 
with  inc>\iiigand  rearranging  the  books  in  tluir 
iKw  home. 

Forty  years   ago  the   library   built   wli.U   was 


then  regarded  as  a  very  fine  hall,  which  was 
used  for  convention  purposes  again  and  again. 
It  became  out  of  date  with  the  birth  of  New  St. 
Louis,  and  the  present  building  is  more  in  keep- 
ing with  the  demands  of  the  times.  It  is  a  very 
handsome  six-story  building  of  Romanesque 
character.  The  librar)-  halls  are  twenty  feet  in 
height,  and  the  arrangements  are  comjjlete  in 
every  detail. 

The  Public  Library',  which  in  the  year  1894 
will  be  made  a  free  library  in  the  full  sense  of 
the  term,  is  a  child  of  the  School  Board.  For 
many  years  it  was  known  as  the  Public  School 
Library,  but  more  recently  it  has  been  known  as 
the  Public  Library,  and  greater  effort  has  been 
made  to  popularize  it  with  the  public.  It  had 
its  home  for  twenty-five  years  in  the  Polytechnic 
Building,  purchased,  occupied  and  finally  sold 
by  the  School  Board  after  a  series  of  blunders 
which  will  be  remembered  as  long  as  St.  Louis 
remains  a  city.  The  library  is  now  located  in  a 
lofty  building  at  the  corner  of  Ninth  and  Locust 
streets,  which  has  already  been  described  in  this 
work.  The  number  of  books  on  its  shelves  does 
not  differ  materially  from  that  at  the  Mercantile 
Library. 

The  St.  Louis  Law  Library  contains  the  best 
collection  of  legal  works  to  be  found  in  the  West. 
More  than  twelve  thousand  volumes  of  standard 
legal  authors,  as  well  as  other  works,  are  to  be 
found,  and  the  records  of  decisions  in  different 
vStates  is  complete  in  the  extreme.  The  libra- 
ries at  the  St.  Louis  and  Washington  universi- 
ties have  a  reputation  extending  over  the  entire 
country;  and  the  Odd  Fellows'  Library  contains 
a  collection  of  books  of  inestimable  value. 

St.  Louis,  while  it 
CHURCHES  ASD  ^  ^  m 

cannot  compete  with 
RELIOIOUS   lySTITUTIONS.      ijrookhn  for  the  title 

of  the  "City  of  Churches,"  is  still  admirably 
equipped  with  religious  edifices  of  all  characters 
and  denominations.  The  gradual  tendency  of 
recent  vears  has  been  to  go  west,  and  church 
after  church  has  found  a  new  location  and  a  new 
hcinie  on  the  suburban  side  of  Grand  avenue. 
There  are  now  about  three  hundred  churches  in 
St.   Louis,  many  of  them  most  magnificent  in 


124 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


character.  The  old  Catholic  Cathedral  on  Wal- 
nut street,  between  Second  and  Third,  is  in  a 
wonderful  state  of  preservation.  Its  corner-stone 
was  laid  si.\ty-two  years  a<jo,  and  the  Cathedral 
was  opened  fifty-nine  years  since.  Thee.xterior 
sliows  evidences  of  the  rava^^es  of  time,  but  it  is 
still  in  excellent  condition,  and  the  interior  is  as 
beautiful  as  ever.  When  first  erected  it  was  by 
far  the  finest  structure  devoted  to  reli<i;ious  pur- 
poses west  of  the  Alleghany  mountains,  and  it 
is  still  among  the  most  interesting,  if  not  the 
most  magnificent,  religious  edifices  in  the  coun- 
try. The  interior  is  di\ided  into  a  nave  and 
two  aisles,  the  double  row  of  dividing  columns 
being  in  Doric  style  and  built  of  brick  covered 
with  stucco. 

The  Rock  Church,  or,  more  properly,  St.  Al- 
phonsus',  on  Grand  avenue  and  Finney,  is  really 
a  second  cathedral.  It  was  erected  by  the  Re- 
demptorist  Fathers,  nuiuy  of  whom  actually 
performed  manual  labor  on  the  structure  while 
in  course  of  erection.  It  is  one  of  the  special 
features  of  the  city  to  wdiich  the  attention  of 
visitors  is  called,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  hand- 
some cathedral  churches  in  the  West. 

The  Episcopal  Cathedral  is  also  a  credit  to  the 
city.  The  first  parish  of  the  Episcopal  Church 
west  of  the  IMississippi  river  was  organized  in 
1819,  when  the  population  of  vSt.  L,ouis  was  only 
about  4, ()()().  From  that  time  the  Episcopal 
Church  in  St.  Louis  has  grown  both  in  the  num- 
ber of  its  edifices,  in  its  influence  and  in  its 
church  membership.  In  l-Sd?  the  present  ca- 
thedral, on  Fourteenth  and  Locust  streets,  was 
erected,  and  about  five  years  ago  it  became  the 
spiritual  home  of  the  diocese  of  Missouri.  Aided 
by  a  magnificent  endowment  from  an  unknown 
source  the  church  has  been  placed  in  a  sound 
financial  condition,  and  subsequently  a  donation 
of  $1."),()()0  has  been  made  for  the  purpose  of 
erecting  a  cathedral  home  or  mission.  The 
conditions  of  this  latter  donation  have  just  been 
fulfilled. 

Among  the  nmnerons  Episcopalian  churches 
in  the  city  may  be  mentioned  the  Holy  Com- 
munion, St.  George's  and  St.  IMark's  .Memorial 
and  St.  Peter's,  although  this  is  but  a  very  par- 


SACRED  EDIFICES 

WITH 

INTERESTLWa  HISTORIES. 


tial  record  and  does  not  attempt  to  particularize. 
The  Presbyterian  churches  are  also  numerous. 
The  Fir.st  Presbyterian  Church  of  St.  Louis  was 
llie  first  church  of  that  denomination  established 
west  of  the  Mississippi  river.  This  church  was 
erected  in  182r),  and  has  only  recently  been  de- 
molished. Its  successor  has  its  home  on  Wash- 
ington a\'cnue  and  vSarah  street,  in  a  much  more 
pretentious  building  erected  five  years  ago.  The 
Second  Presbyterian  Church,  on  Seventeenth  and 
Locust  streets,  is  a  comparatively  old  building, 
having  been  erected  prior  to  the  war  at  an  ex- 
penditure of  $;')(), ()()U.  It  is  in  an  excellent 
state  of  preservation,  and  is  looked  upon  as  a 
very  representative  church.  The  same  denom- 
ination has  a  splendid  structure  on  Grand  ave- 
nue, near  Olive  street,  and  a  number  of  other 
churches. 

The  Methodist- 
Episcopal  denomina- 
tion made  a  splendid 
showing  in  a  religious 
census  recently  taken.  The  Trinity  Church, 
erected  in  18.57,  and  originally  known  as  the 
Simpson  Chapel,  holds  the  record  of  having 
been  the  only  Northern  Methodist  church  which 
held  services  regularly  throughout  the  war. 
This  was  not  the  first  church  in  St.  Louis  of  the 
denomination,  whose  record  goes  back  as  far  as 
the  eighteenth  century.  The  Rev.  John  Clark 
preached  in  St.  Louis  in  17!t8,  and  about  twenty 
years  later  the  Rev.  Jesse  Walker  estal)lished  a 
Methodist-Episcopal  church  in  the  city.  This 
church  eventually  connected  itself  with  the 
Southern  branch  of  the  denomination.  The 
other  Methodist  churches  in  St.  Louis  include 
some  edifices,  not  only  of  great  influence,  but 
also  of  interest  in  historical  records.  Among 
them  may  be  mentioned  the  Centenary,  at  vSix- 
teeuth  and  Pine  streets;  St.  John's,  at  Locust 
street  and  Ewing  avenue,  and  others,  some  be- 
longing to  the  Methodist-Episcopal  Church, 
North,  and  others  to  the  Methodist-Episcopal 
Church,  South,  both  denominations  being  sup- 
ported by  prominent  and  influential  citizens. 

The  Second   Baptist  Church,  on  Locust  and 
Beaumont  streets,  may  ])e  regarded  as  the  home 


SOC/AJ.  .IDIAXTAGES. 


125 


of  the  earliest  Baptist  congrc(|;ation  of  St.  Louis. 
Tlie  present  inagnilieent  structure,  with  its  ex- 
cellent appointments,  dates  only  from  l.S7!l,  but 
the  congregation  which  worships  in  it  claims 
nnich  greater  antiquity.  The  Baptists  enjoy  the 
honor  of  having  been  the  first  to  build  a  Prot- 
estant church  in  this  country  west  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi river,  they  having  completed  a  sacred 
edifice  near  Jackson,  in  Cape  Girardeau  county, 
ntarly  ninety  years  ago.  The  same  denomina- 
tion has  in  St.  Louis  a  church  on  Grand  avenue 
at  the  corner  of  Washington,  and  another  on 
the  same  avenue,  but  much  farther  north.  It  is 
also  well  represented  elsewhere  in  the  city. 

The  oldest  religious  Hebrew  association  in 
the  city  is  the  United  Hebrew  Congregation, 
which  erected  a  synagogue  just  before  the  war 
nil  Sixth  street,  between  Locust  and  St.  Charles. 
The  building  was  subsequently  sold  and  con- 
\erted  into  a  commercial  establishment,  the 
congresfatiou  moxing  to  01i\'e  and  Twent^•-first 
streets.  Alore  recently  it,  or  rather  members 
originalh- connected  with  it,  have  erected  Temple 
Israel  and  Shaare  Emeth,  both  known  as  repre- 
sentative and  liandsome  churches. 

The  Church  of  the  Messiah,  presided  over  by 
one  of  the  ablest  orators  and  writers  in  the  West, 
represents  the  I'uitarian  idea  in  St.  Louis.  This 
church  was  erected  in  l-HT!)  and  ]8S(),  the  build- 
ing being  finally  dedicated  in  December,  ISSL 
In  style  it  is  early  English  Gothic,  the  blue 
limestone  being  relieved  by  horizontal  strands 
of  sandstone,  which  material  is  also  used  for  the 
window  and  door  trinnnings. 

Such  is  a  brief  record  of  the  churches  con- 
nected with  the  leading  denominations  in  St. 
Louis.  All  that  has  been  attempted  has  been 
to  show  that  the  social  advantages  include  ample 
])ro\ision  for  spiritual  training. 

The    value   of    good    music 


NEW  ST.  LOUIS 
AND    MUSIC. 


has  been  thoronghlv  appreci- 
ated in  New  St.  Louis,  and  the 
best  of  conscientious  nnisic  as  compared  with 
the  purely  commercial  article  is  rajiidly  obtain- 
ing the  appreciation  it  deserves.  The  old  Phil- 
li.iruiouic  Socicl\-  s]Kiit  several  thousand  dollars 
in  its  efforts  to  revolutionize  nuisic  and  to  send 


out  missionaries  into  the  homes,  churches  and 
institutions  of  the  city  and  give  a  higher  tone  to 
instrumental  and  vocal  music  generally. 

The  Choral  Society  is  more  strictly  a  New 
St.  Louis  organization,  and  it  has  done  splendid 
work  for  St.  Louis,  although  it  is  to  be  regretted 
that  much  of  the  expense  has  been  borne  by 
pri\-ate  individuals,  whose  modesty  has  prevented 
the  public  becoming  acquainted  with  the  debt  it 
owes  them.  During  the  last  fourteen  years  the 
society  has  spent  sufhcieut  money  to  bring  to 
St.  Louis  the  very  best  soloists  in  the  country, 
and  its  work  has  been  so  successful  that  the 
production  of  the  "  ^Messiah  "  in  Christmas 
week  of  LSlKi,  with  Miss  Emma  Juch  and  other 
singers  of  national  reputation  as  soloists,  is  ex- 
pected to  be  one  of  the  finest  productions  of  this 
great  oratorio  ever  heard  in  this  country.  This 
will  be  the  twelfth  production  of  the  "  Messiah  " 
in  St.  Louis;  and  it  is  safe  to  say  that  for  many 
years  to  come  this  magnificent  inspiration  will 
be  heard  in  the  western  and  southwestern  metrop- 
olis during  Christmas  week.  The  society  is 
educating  public  tastes  so  rapidly  that  it  is  be- 
coming self-supporting.  In  l<Si'l  the  sum  of 
$.'),40()  had  to  be  raised  to  meet  the  deficiency 
caused  b)-  the  engagement  of  high-class  talent. 
In  the  season  of  l.S!t2-'.t;}  the  deficit  was  only 
is;>,liO(),  which  was  promptly  made  up,  and  the 
indications  are  that  the  season  of  18!i3-m  will 
be  about  self-supporting. 

The  influence  of  the  society  has  been  felt  in 
public  institutions  of  every  character.  The 
singing  in  the  churches  in  St.  Louis  is  now  ex- 
ceptionally fine,  and  the  same  may  be  said  of 
several  of  the  local  institutions.  In  another 
wav  the  Philharmonic  and  Choral  societies  have 
shown  their  influence.  Old  St.  Louis  had  a 
reputation  among  advance  agents  as  being  an 
excellent  town  for  concert  companies  to  miss. 
Xew  St.  Louis,  thanks  largely  to  the  Choral 
Societv,  has  a  very  different  reputation,  for  any 
good  company  can  secure  a  crowded  house. 
During  the  thirty  days  between  April  1"2  and 
May  12,  ISil."},  there  were  eleven  high-class  con- 
certs in  St.  Louis,  and  the.se  received  the  sum  of 
?1.'>,<)I»()  as  a  reward  for  their  excellence. 


12G 


OLD  AND  NKW  ST.   LOUIS. 


THEATERS 

AND 

CONCERT  HALLS. 


As  an  aniusL-incut  ceiilcr 
generally  St.  Louis  has  a 
high  reputation.  Mention 
has  already  been  made  of  the 
special  attractions  ])ru\i(k*cl  during  the  autum- 
nal festival  period,  and  a  record  has  been  made 
of  the  early  struggles  of  the  first  theater  con- 
structed in  the  city.  There  are  now  six  thor- 
oughly equipped  first-class  theaters  in  the  city, 
with  a  seating  capacity  of  more  than  12,()n(), 
inde]iendent  of  the  (),<)<){)  seats  in  the  two  halls 
within  the  Exposition  lUiilding.  For  six  sea- 
sons in  succession  five  of  these  theaters  have 
been  well  supported,  and  the  best  theatrical  tal- 
ent of  the  country  has  been  seen  at  them.  St. 
Louis'  patronage  has  been  also  liberal  enough  to 
attract  the  best  actors  of  foreign  countries  tour- 
ing in  America,  and  the  appreciation  of  high- 
class  histrionic  work  is  proverbial.  At  the 
Olympic  Theater,  on  Broadway,  opposite  the 
Southern  Hotel,  Joseph  Jefferson,  Edwin  Booth, 
Lawrence  Barrett  and  Fannj'  Davenport  may  be 
mentioned  among  leaders  in  the  profession  who 
have  played  very  successful  engagements.  The 
Grand  Opera  House,  is  equally  popular,  and 
here  also  some  of  the  greatest  performers  of  the 
day  have  been  seen.  Li  addition  to  the  best 
American  actors  and  actresses,  such  conspicuous 
figures  in  the  theatrical  world  of  other  nations 
as  Sarah  Bernhardt  and  Wilson  Barrett  have 
been  seen  rejieatedly.  The  orchestra  of  the 
Grand  is  exceptionally  good,  and,  like  the  Olym- 
pic, the  theater  is  first-class  in  every  respect. 

Among  the  newer  bids  for  the  support  of  the 
theater-going  fraternity  may  be  mentioned  the 
Hagan  Opera  House,  erected  about  two  years 
ago.  The  Hagan  is  a  novelty  in  more  ways 
than  one.  The  construction  and  plan  involved 
a  maxinuim  of  common  sense  and  convenience, 
while  the  management,  in  going  as  far  west  as 
Tenth  street,  showed  an  ability  to  read  the  signs 
of  the  times,  which  subsequent  patronage  has 
proved  to  have  been  exceedingly  valuable.  The 
newest  of  St.  Louis'  first-class  theaters  is  the 
Germania,  which  is  still  farther  west,  being  sit- 
uated at  the  corner  of  Fourteenth  and  Locust 
streets.     Here  are  represented  German  plays  of 


high  character,  and  the  patronage  of  the  house 
is  a  tribute  to  the  power  of  appreciation  of  the 
German  element  in  St.  Louis'  population,  an 
clement  which  has  done  so  much  to  maintain  the 
stability  of  the  cit\'. 

St.  Louis  is  also  exceedingly  well  cared  for  in 
the  matter  of  sunnner  opera.  The  oldest  sum- 
mer-garden theater  in  St.  Louis  is  Uhrig'sCave, 
which  dates  from  six  or  seven  years  ])rior  to  the 
war.  During  the  summer  e\-enings  light  ojjera 
is  produced  here  by  conqianics  of  established 
reputation,  and  empty  scats  are  seldom  seen. 
Close  to  the  Cave  is  the  Pickwick  Theater,  a 
favorite  house  of  the  numerous  amateurs  of 
promise  of  St.  Louis.  On  the  south  side  vSchnai- 
der's  Garden,  with  its  commodious  and  indeed 
luxurious  summer  theater,  provides  entertain- 
ment for  dwellers  in  the  southern  wards.  The 
new  Sportsman's  Park  is  also  so  arranged  as  to 
make  it  available  for  oi^eratic  and  spectacular 
performances  during  the  summer  evenings.  In 
the  southern  portion  of  the  city  Liederkranz 
Hall  is  very  popular  for  high-class  entertain- 
ments, and  there  are  now  in  course  of  construc- 
tion several  additions  to  the  entertainment  halls 
and  ball-rooms  of  the  city. 

New  St.  Louis  is  rich  in  the 
extreme  in  the  matter  of  clubs. 


CLUBS  AND 
CLUB   LIFE. 


Of  the  Commercial,  the  Mercan- 
tile and  the  Noonday  clubs  mention  has  already 
been  made.  The  two  latter  have  been  spoken 
of  more  in  their  business  or  commercial  aspects, 
but  they  are  also  important  factors  in  the  society 
appointments  of  this  great  city.  Since  moving 
into  its  new  building  the  Mercantile  has  carried 
the  war  into  Africa  in  a  most  dexterous  manner. 
From  time,  the  memory  whereof  man  knoweth 
not,  ladies  have  looked  upon  clubs  as  their  natural 
enemies,  and  have  censured  their  sweethearts 
and  husbands  in  no  mild  terms  for  allowing  the 
luxuries  of  the  smoking  and  billiard-room  to 
lure  them  from  the  fireside  in  winter,  or  the 
front-door  step  in  sunnner.  The  directors  of 
the  ]\Iercantile,  who  it  is  not  suggested  have 
been  censured  in  like  manner  as  the  immense 
majority  of  their  fellow-men,  decided  to  disarm 
the  criticism  of   the   ladies  by    making   them, 


SOCIAL  AD  I  AX 7 AGES. 


127 


as  it  were,  parliccps  criminis.  To  do  this,  they 
fitted  lip  kulics'  rooms  in  the  most  luxurious 
st\le,  and  not  only  made  it  admissible  for  mem- 
bers to  brinij  their  own,  or  other  men's,  sisters 
to  the  club,  but  even  encouraged  them  to  do  so. 
Hence,  the  ]\Iercantile  Club,  in  addition  to  being 
one  of  the  most  influential  commercial  organiza- 
tions in  the  West,  is  also  one  of  the  most  de- 
lightful society  and  social  clubs  in  the  world,  as 
popular  with  the  wives  and  daughters  of  mem- 
bers as  most  clubs  are  unpopular.  Vi\.  C.corge 
I).  Barnard,  the  president  of  the  club,  has 
earned  much  praise  by  his  able  completion  of 
the  work  of  reconstruction  which  was  com- 
menced and  carried  on  so  zealoush-  by  his  pred- 
ecessor, Mr.  J.  B.  Case. 

The  vSt.  Louis  Club  is  luxurious  in  its  ai^ijoiut- 
uRiUs,  and  has  an  air  of  exclusiveness  about  it 
wliicli  is  in  accordance  with  the  ideal  of  high- 
l(jncd  club  life.  Its  home  is  in  a  magnificent 
Imildiiig  on  the  southwest  corner  of  Hwing  a\X'- 
uue  and  Locust  street,  and  its  four  hundred 
members  include  representative  men  of  every 
tvpe  which  can  be  regarded  as  consistent  with 
the  requirements  of  the  upper-ten. 

The  P'air  Cirounds  Jockey  Club  has  its  honre 
inside  the  h'air  Grounds,  and  is  a  popular  resort, 
especially  in  the  sunnner-time.  Its  meudjership 
is  very  large,  and  its  banqueting  hall  is  taken 
advantage  of  frequently  for  the  purposes  of  eu- 
lertaiuing  strangers.  Had  a  phonograph  been 
inserted  in  the  walls  of  this  hall  it  could  ha\-e 
bullied  up  enough  eloquence  to  have  educated 
llie  rising  generation  from  time  to  time  on 
almost  every  point  of  interest  and  importance. 

The  University  Club  was  erected  by  scholars 
for  scholars,  and  all  the  learning  and  erudition 
of  the  city  is  represented  within  its  walls.  Its 
HKiubers  can  talk  in  a  greater  nuudier  of  lan- 
giuiges  than  the  men  who  commenced  to  erect 
ihe  Tower  of  Babel.  Of  recent  years  the  quali- 
fications of  members,  so  far  as  University  grndu- 
alion  is  concerned,  has  been  relaxed,  and  there 
are  now  several  members  who  confess  to  knowing 
lillle  Latin  and  less  Greek.  The  did)  continues 
to  be  a  high-tuni'd  social  organization,  ]ioiiular 
in  the  extreme  with  <'entlemen  of  refined  tastes. 


EXCLUSIVE 
ORGANIZATIONS. 


The  Marquette  Club  has 
its  home  in  a  very  attractive 
and  suitable  building  on 
Grand  avenue  and  Pine  street.  The  constitu- 
tion of  the  club  states  that  its  primary'  objects 
are  to  unite  the  prominent  Catholic  gentlemen 
of  St.  Louis  and  vicinity  in  bonds  of  social  union; 
to  organize  them  into  a  body  that  shall  repre- 
sent, watch  over,  vindicate  and  further  Catholic 
interests;  to  establish  it  in  an  unobjectionable 
club-house,  and  by  placing  the  club  on  a  lasting 
basis  to  perpetuate  a  union  of  Catholics  in  the 
city  of  St.  Louis.  The  club  has  carried  out  its 
original  object  very  successful!  v. 

The  Harmonie  Club  was  established  in  the 
forties  by  several  of  the  then  prominent  Hebrew 
citizens  of  St.  Louis.  The  clnb  is  still  some- 
what of  a  religions  institution,  though  it  is  a  very 
high-class  social  club.  It  rents  a  fine  building 
on  the  corner  of  Eighteenth  and  Olive  streets, 
and  it  is  its  proud  boast  that  bonds  and  in- 
debtedness of  any  kind  are  absolutely  unknown 
to  the  club  or  its  management.  The  Columbia 
Club  has  just  completed  a  very  handsome  build- 
ing on  Lindell  boulevard,  just  west  of  Vande- 
venter  avenue,  in  which  13")  members  will 
establish  themselves  and  run  a  club  similar  in 
every  respect  to  the  Hannonie. 

The  Union  Club  has  a  home  on  the  south  side, 
at  Lafayette  and  Jefferson  avenues,  in  which 
there  is  crowded  more  provision  for  home  com- 
fort than  has  perhaps  e\er  been  seen  under  one 
roof  before.  Every  club  is  established  to  fill  a 
long-felt  want,  but  few  of  them  have  done  their 
work  so  thoroughly  as  the  Union,  which  in  its 
new  location  is  a  distinct  boon  to  residents 
on  the  south  side.  The  new  building  is  quite 
unique,  both  externally  and  internally,  and  every 
member  is  indixidually  proud  of  it. 

The  Liederkrauz  is  also  a  south  side  club. 
It  owns  a  very  handsome  building  on  Chouteau 
avenue  and  Thirteenth  street,  and  its  member- 
ship of  •>.")()  includes  .some  of  the  most  able 
singers  in  the  city.  The  German  element  pre- 
dominates strongly,  and  there  are  in  addition  to 
large  and  small  enlertainuKnt  and  rehearsal 
halls,  dining-rooms  and  club  apartments  of  cver%- 


128 


oi.n  Axn  \i:\v  ST.  louis. 


HOTELS  ASD 

ACCOMMODA  TIONS 

FOR  GUESTS. 


character.      Liedcrkranz  concerts  and  entcrlain- 
iiients  are  always  leading  social  events. 

Only  members  of  the  Order  of  Elks  are  eligi- 
ble for  the  Elks  CUib,  which  has  its  home  in 
the  Hagan  Opera  litiilding,  on  Pine  and  Tenth 
streets.  There  are  abont  a  hnndred  mcmlicrs 
who  make  use  of  the  club,  both  for  business  and 
social  purposes.  Athletics  of  every  description 
are  encouraged  by  the  management,  and  the 
club  has  also  a  sjiecial  reputation  for  hospitality, 
very  elegant  suppers  being  tendered  to  visitors 
to  the  city,  especially  those  who  ha\e  made  a 
reputation  elsewhere  in  their  respective  pro- 
fessions. 

There  are  also  several  very  successful  ladies' 
athletic  and  cycling  clubs  and  semi-religious 
associations. 

The  autumnal  festivities 
attracts  so  uiany  visitors 
that  during  the  fall  season 
the  hotel  accommodations 
of  St.  Louis  of  recent  years  have  been  found 
scarcely  adequate,  and  in  order  to  increase  the 
facilities  for  taking  care  of  large  carnival  and 
convention  crowds,  the  $2,00(1,000  hotel  al- 
ready described  is  being  constructed.  It  \\ill  be 
opened  in  the  course  of  a  few  months,  and  will 
make  the  down-town  hotel  facilities  very  com- 
plete. The  Southern  Hotel,  a  substantial  fire- 
proof structure,  has  for  many  years  been  re- 
garded as  the  leading  hotel  in  the  city  and 
among  the  foremost  in  the  West,  its  rotunda 
being  one  of  the  most  extensi\-e  in  existence. 
The  Lindell  Hotel,  a  few  blocks  farther  north, 
is  another  establishment  first-class  in  every  re- 
spect. The  Laclede  Hotel  is  looked  upon  as  an 
ideal  family  hotel,  and  is  also  exceedingly  pojm- 
lar  with  politicians  of  every  shade.  The  num- 
ber of  caucuses  that  have  been  held  in  and 
around  it  is  very  large,  and  the  hotel  manage- 
ment has  a  reputation  extending  from  Maine  to 
California  for  going  out  of  its  way  to  accom- 
modate individual  visitors  and  delegations  in 
every  conceivable  manner.  Adjoining  the  La- 
clede is  Hurst's  new  hotel,  another  very  fine 
structure;  and  nearly  opposite  the  Lindell  is  the 
Hotel  Barnum,  a  \-ery  j)opular  house. 


Tile  tendency  to  move  westward,  which,  has 
resulted  from  the  rajiid  transit  facilities,  has 
also  been  marked  in  the  hotels.  A  few  years 
ago  the  idea  of  first-class  hotels  west  of  Twelfth 
street  would  have  been  ridiculed,  but  now  there 
is  on  Fortieth  street,  or  \'andeventer  avenue,  a 
hotel  known  as  the  West  End,  whose  ajJiDoint- 
ments  are  first-class  in  every  respect,  and  which 
is  very  poi)ular  both  as  a  hotel  proper  and  a 
family  boarding-house.  On  Grand  avenue  the 
Hotel  Beers  and  Orand  .\\-enue  Hotel  are  further 
exi)onents  of  this  western  idea;  and  early  in  the 
ensuing  spring  another  very  handsome  edifice 
for  hotel  purj^oses  is  to  be  erected  on  the  same 
thoroughfare.  In  the  \iciuity  of  the  New  Union 
vStation,  also  far  west  of  what  has  up  to  recent 
\ears  been  regarded  as  out  of  the  way  of  busi- 
ness and  travel,  two  and  probably  three  very 
fine  hotels  are  about  to  be  erected,  sites  ha\'ing 
been  obtained  for  that  purpose.  When  they  are 
added  to  the  present  hotel  equipment  of  the  city, 
vSt.  Louis  will  be  able  to  handle  a  convention 
crowd  of  almost  any  magnitude  withotit  the 
necessity  of  special  bureaus  for  the  placing  of 
guests  in  boarding-houses  and  private  residences. 
St.  Louis  is  not  a  litigious 
city,  and  arbitration  for  the 


BESCH  AND   BAR 
OF  ST.  LOUIS. 


settlement  of  commercial  dis- 
putes has  always  been  very  popular.  There  are, 
howe\er,  in  the  city  a  large  numl^er  of  lav,'\ers 
and  attorneys  who  find  sufficient  employment 
to  yield  them  good  incomes  and  who  disi>la\' 
marked  ability  in  the  exercise  of  their  profes- 
sion. The  bar  of  St.  Louis  to-day  knows  no 
superior  in  the  W^est,  and  among  the  gentlemen 
practicing  law  there  are  se\-eral  whose  fame  ex- 
tends to  distant  points.  In  the  early  history  of 
St.  Louis  the  laws  of  England,  b'rance  and  Spain 
were  all  partly  enforced,  and  there  were  many 
complex  questions  in  regard  to  titles  which 
called  for  the  exercise  of  the  greatest  possible 
care  and  ingenuity.  Those  days  have  passed 
now,  and  the  business  falling  into  the  hands  of 
the  attorneys  of  the  city  is  of  an  entirely  differ- 
ent nature.  On  the  bench  there  are  to  be  found 
many  lawyers  of  exceptional  experience,  and 
mau\-    decisions    ha\e    been    made  here  which 


SOCIAL  ADIANTAGES. 


129 


have  been  reco.a^nized  as  irreproachable  law. 
Quite  recently  the  city  ga\e  to  the  nation  for  a 
cabinet  office  one  of  its  prominent  attorneys; 
and  other  members  of  the  St.  Louis  bar  ha\e 
distinguished  themsehes  in  various  parts  of  the 
country.  In  another  part  of  this  work  there 
will  be  found  records  of  the  careers  of  some  of 
the  most  prominent  members  of  the  St.  Louis 
l)ar,  including  sketches  of  some  of  the  judges 
whose  al)ilit\-  and  integrity  has  made  them  more 
than  fanii.us. 

The  Bar  Association  of  St.  Louis  was  estab- 
lished in  l!^74.  Col.  ThomasT.Ciautt  was  tempo- 
rary chairman  of  the  meeting  called  to  "consider 
the  propriety  and  feasibilit>-  of  forming  a  bar 
association  in  the  city  of  St.  Louis."  A  com- 
mittee of  fi\'e  was  appointed,  consisting  of 
.\k-.\ander  Marlin,  Ileiuy  Hitchcock,  R.  E. 
Rombauer,  (leorge  i\L  Stewart  and  Gi\en Camp- 
bell. The  first  president  was  Mr.  John  R.  Shep- 
ley,  who  in  his  first  address  emphasized  the  fact 
that  the  o1)ject  of  the  association  was  to  "main- 
tain the  honor  and  dignity  of  the  profession  of 
law,  to  cultivate  social  intercourse  among  its 
members,  and  for  the  promotion  of  legal  science 
and  the  administration  of  justice."  It  would  be 
difficult  to  overrate  the  good  influence  of  this 
association,  or  its  effect  on  the  tone  of  the  bar 
and  its  members. 

St.   Louis    is    such    a    healthy 
citv  that  it  is  an\thintr  but  a  doc- 


DOCTORS   OF 
MEDICINE. 


tor's  paradise,  and  the  number 
of  physicians  in  the  city  is  not  large,  when  tlie 
population  is  taken  into  account.  Among  the 
physicians  who  ha\e  made  their  home  in  ,Sl. 
Louis,  there  are  se\eral  whose  reputation  ex- 
tends beyond  the  confines  of  Missouri  and  Illi- 
nois, and  e\en  beyond  the  boundaries  of  the 
I'nited  States.  Some  of  our  surgeons  are  requi- 
sitioned frdui  \ery  distant  points,  when  excep- 
tionally complicated  cases  call  for  exceptional 
skill;  and  tlie  city  has  also  specialists  who  rank 
so  high  in  llie  medical  \\-orld  that  they  are  sum- 
moned for  consultation  to  cities  1,000  niiles  dis- 
tant. It  would  be  interesting  to  trace  the  early 
history  of  medicine  in  the  cit\',  but  it  must  suf- 
fice to  say  that  at  the  present  time  nothing  is 


NEWSPAPERS 

OF 

NATIONAL  INFLUENCE. 


needed  in  this  respect,  and  that  all  that  science 
and  skill  can  do  to  ameliorate  suffering  and  to 
prolong  life  can  be  and  is  done  in  St.  Louis. 
The  medical  press  is  well  rei^resented,  and  the 
medical  journal  which  has  the  largest  circulation 
in  the  world  is  published  from  this  city. 

Almost  every  known  school  of  medicine  is 
represented,  not  only  by  practitioners,  but  also 
by  medical  colleges.  The  number  of  these  latter 
is  very  large,  and  the  work  they  do  in  educating 
and  preparing  young  men  for  the  profession  is 
influential  for  much  good.  There  are  several 
hospitals  in  the  city,  some  of  them  connected 
with  religions  and  other  bodies,  and  others  which 
are  entirely  independent  and  catholic  in  their 
work.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  exigencies 
of  space  prevent  a  detailed  description  of  the 
hospitals  and  medical  colleges,  but  such  would 
require  an  entire  volume  to  even  do  the  subject 
partial  justice. 

The  newspapers  of 
St.  Louis  speak  for 
themselves,  two,  at  least, 
of  them  having  national 
influence  and  importance.  P'ollowing  the  plan 
generally  adopted  in  this  book,  the  early  histor}- 
of  the  newspapers  will  be  but  very  briefly  men- 
tioned. The  Globe- Democrat  is  probablv  the 
best  newspaper  in  the  United  States  west  of 
New  York,  and  it  is  certainly  by  far  the  best 
newspaper  in  the  country  west  of  New  York  and 
south  of  Chicago.  It  is  the  survival  of  the 
Globe  and  the  Democrat,  which  pajjers  were 
consolidated  in  1^75.  Two  years  ago  the  Globe- 
Democrat  mo\ed  into  the  magnificent  building 
on  the  corner  of  Sixth  and  Pine  streets,  which 
it  erected  for  its  own  home.  The  building  is  a 
model  newspaper  office  in  almost  every  respect, 
and  it  has  few  equals  and  .still  fewer  superiors  in 
the  United  States.  The  policy  of  the  Gtohc- 
Deniocrat  politically  is  Republican,  but  national 
affairs  are  looked  upon  in  a  very  liberal  manner, 
and  measures,  rather  than  parties,  are  analyzed 
and  di.scus.sed  from  a  critical  standpoint.  Mr. 
Joseph  V>.  McCullagh  is  the  editor-in-chief  of 
this  great  newspaper,  which,  during  the  eight- 
een years  which  have  elapsed  since  its  publica- 


130 


oi.n  A.\i>  xi:\v  ST.  Loris. 


tion  niulcr  its  present  name,  has  been  edited 
dailv  under  liis  iiersonal  supervision,  tlie  ag;i(rc- 
"■ate  miniber  of  davs  of  his  absenee  from  the 
ofTice  during  that  period  being  about  equal  to 
the  time  occupied  by  the  summer  vacation  of 
the  ordinary  professional  or  business  man.  The 
Globe- Democrat  is  conspicuous  for  the  absence 
of  trumpet-blowing  of  its  own  achievements, 
and  wl'.cn  it  moved  into  the  "Temple  of  Truth," 
tlie  only  announcement  uuide  in  its  columns  of 
its  change  of  location  was  included  in  the  single 
sentence:     ' '  We  have  moved. ' ' 

The  early  history  of  the  .S7.  Louis  Rrpuhlic 
has  already  been  given  in  these  columns.  It  is 
now  one  of  the  most  influential  Democratic 
newspapers  in  the  United  States,  and  although 
old  in  years  a:ul  experience,  it  is  still  young  in 
enterprise  and  vigor.  In  addition  to  an  e.xeel- 
lent  telegraphic  and  uews  service  from  outside 
the  city,  it  makes  a  specialty  of  local  news, 
which  it  covers  with  great  accuracy  and  judg- 
ment. Since  it  changed  its  name  and  reorgan- 
ized, its  circulation  has  increased  with  great 
rapiditv,  and  the  growth  of  its  influence  has 
been  quite  on  a  par  with  its  financial  boom. 

There  are  three  evening  newspapers  in  vSt. 
Louis  published  in  the  English  language  —  the 
Post-Dispatcli^  the  Slar- Sayings  and  the  Cliron- 
iclc.  The  Posl-Dispatcli  is  the  largest  of  these, 
and  it  publishes  a  Sunday  issue  which  is  really 
a  magazine  and  compendium  of  current  litera- 
ture in  addition  to  a  first-class  newspaper.  It 
is  edited  by  Wx.  Florence  "White,  and  both  the 
daily  and  Sunday  issues  are  bright  exponents  of 
the  New  St.  Louis  idea. 

The  Star-Sayings  is  edited  by  ]\Ir.  John 
Magner,  an  able  and  conscientious  journalist, 
who  has  succeeded  in  largely  increasing  the  in- 
fluence and  iniportance  of  the  paper.      The  Star- 


Sayiiigs  is  enjoying  a  great  renewal  of  ])rosperit\'. 
and  makes  itself  lieard  on  all  (|ncstions  of  iui 
portance. 

Tiie  Clironicic  is  the  only  one-cent  daih 
paper  in  the  city.  Its  editor,  General  Hawkins, 
has  completely  remodeled  and  rejuvenated  the 
paper,  which  is  popular  in  the  extreme,  and 
which  claims  to  ha\e  a  larger  local  sale  than 
any  other  paper  jiublished. 

The  Gernuin  papers  are  almost  as  prominent 
as  those  printed  in  English.  The  Wcstlicltc 
Post  ^\\^  the  Anseigcr  drs  ll'rslciis  are  quoted 
as  authorities  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States; 
and  the  Amcrika^  Tribune  and  Tagcblatt  ha\"e 
each  their  own  field  to  fulfill  in  a  satisfactory 
manner. 

The  magazine  press  of  St.  Louis  is  less  con- 
sjiicuous  than  the  daily,  and  although  there  are 
several  publications,  there  are  none  of  sufficient 
national  repute  to  make  a  detailed  reference  to 
them  necessary. 

The  immense  size  of  the  Sunday  newspapers 
and  the  large  amount  of  space  devoted  to  liter- 
ary and  scientific  questions,  has  made  it  difficult 
to  establish  weekly  pajDers  on  a  paying  basis  in 
St.  Louis.  For  many  years  the  Spectator  pros- 
pered and  contributed  to  local  literature  a  great 
deal  of  valuable  and  interesting  matter.  Its 
long  career  has,  however,  terminated,  and  the 
Sunday  Mirror  is  now*  practically  in  exclusive 
control  of  the  weekly  press.  The  Afirror 
differs  in  its  make-up  and  character  from  an\' 
other  western  publication.  It  knows  neither 
friend  nor  foe  in  its  columns,  and  is  original  and 
fearless  in  its  st>le  and  policy,  supplying,  in 
a  way  never  filled  before,  a  field  which  ought 
not  to  be  overlooked  in  a  city  of  (300,000  in- 
habitants. 


•Decemt)er,  1S93. 


c  \ 


"mEm^^i^smE^mmMMmmik 


(y^^^\zz:^ZiZD  (^^j 


^ 


Biographical   Appendix. 


INCIDENTS    IN    THE    LIVES    OF   SOME    OF    THE    MEN    WHO    HAVE 

HELPED    MAKE    ST.  LOUIS    THE    METROPOLIS   OF   THE 

WEST  AND   SOUTHWEST. 


It  would  have  beeu  better  for  a  man  never  to  have  lived,  than 
not  to  leave  behind  him  traces  of   his  existence. — Napoi.icon. 


\TrRAL  ADVAXTACrKS  .<,n)  a  lon<,r\vay 
towards  inakinj^  a  city  .i^reat;  but  wliile 
it  is  tnir  that  no  cit\'  can  rise  to  metro- 
politan rank  without  them,  it  is  equally 
true  that  no  substantial  progress  can  be 
made  without  the  guidance  and  assist- 
ance of  men  of  untiring  energv  and  uuques- 
tional)le  integrity.  vSt.  Louis  has  been  uniciueh' 
fortunate  in  tliis  respect,  for  it  has  alwavs  had 
at  the  lulm  men  who  have  li\ed  up  to  the  ]M'iu- 
ciple  enunciated  by  Addison — 

"i'is  not  in  mortals  to  command  success, 

But  we'll  do  more,  .Sempronius — we'll  deserve  it. 

The  writer  of  the  historical  chapters  of  this 
liook  has  naturall)'  brought  out  into  as  bold 
relief  as  jiossible  the  greatness  of  New  St.  Louis, 
and  in  some  passages  he  lias  perhaps  been  a  trifle 
sarcastic  at  the  expense  of  Old  St.  Louis.  But 
the  fact  remains  that  the  greatness  of  our  favored 
city  to-day  would  have  been  impossible  without 
the  foundation-stones  laid  a  generation  ago  b\- 
men  we  are  loo  apt  to  look  upon  as  wanting  in 
energy  and  euter])risc.  The  child  has  to  walk 
before  he  can  safelv  run:  and  the  uielhods  which 
are  ai)proved  in  these  days  of  the  city's  matur- 
ity, would  ha\e  been  out  of  place  and  danger- 
ous titty,  and  e\eu  tweut\',  \ears  ago.  Just  as  in 
buildiu!:;  one  man  constructs  the  found, itiou  and 
another  completes   the   im]iro\ement    and    deco- 


ration, so  in  a  city  one  man  makes  greatness 
possible  and  another  attains  it. 

New  vSt.  Louis'  business,  financial  and  profes- 
sional interests  are  in  the  hands  of  men  wdio 
have  all  the  buoyancy  of  youth  with  all  the 
deliberation  and  judgment  of  age,  and  too  much 
praise  cannot  be  given  them  for  the  work  they 
are  doing.  They  are  the  first  to  admit  that  they 
owe  a  great  deal  to  those  who  jireceded  them, 
and  the\-  are  the  last  to  attempt  to  belittle  the 
efforts  of  those  who  secured  for  Old  St.  Louis  a 
reputation  for  conservative  strength  which  New 
St.    Louis   has  so  thoroughly  retained. 

Laclede,  Chouteau  and  the  men  who  with 
them  bore  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  day,  wdien 
both  the  burden  and  the  heat  were  oppressive, 
and  when  there  was  also  an  element  of  actual 
danger  to  contend  against,  were  full  of  energy 
and  vim,  and  to  them  the  words  "fear"  and 
"impossible"  were  equall\-  without  meaning. 
.\fter  them  came  a  generation  of  workers  who 
molded  the  city  out  of  a  frontier  town,  and  who 
again  were  succeeded  by  those  who  piloted  St. 
Louis  into  greatness  and  helped  it  become  the 
largest  cit\'  on  the  largest  river  in  the  world. 
^h^ny  of  even  these  have  passed  away,  but  there 
are  also  a  large  number  of  men  in  St.  Louis  who 
nia\  be  regarded  as  links  between  theOld  and  the 
New,  ha\ingl)een  identified  with  both,  and  being 

U3U 


i;w 


oi.i-t  .i.\7i  .y/:w  ST.  /.oi'is. 


thus  excc])lioiiall\  couipc-U-iU  lo  ap])reciate  tlie 
greatness  of  tlio  cit\'  in  tlicse  latter  daws.  In 
the  pasjes  whicli  follow  will  he  found  a  record 
of  tlie  lives  of  sonic  of  the  foremost  citizens  of 
the  St.  Louis  of  to-day,  and  of  the  vSt.  Lt)uis  of 
the  past,  and  the  lesson  tauiijht  by  the  records 
and  examples  is  one  of  the  tjreatest  possible 
\alue. 

No  histor\-  of  St.  Louis  could  claim  to  e\en 
a])i>roach  completeness  without  reference  to  the 
Chouteau  family,  whose  record  dates  back  to  the 
fouudinjjof  St.  Louis,  and  which  ior  a  hundred 
years  and  more  has  been  closely  identified  with 
it.  The  first  member  of  this  family  to  be  born 
in  St.  Louis  was  PiKRRE  CHOrTE.\r,  Junior, 
whose  earh-  home  was  the  stone  house  then 
located  at  the  southwest  corner  of  what  is  now 
known  as  Washington  avenue  and  Main  street. 
This  house  had  been  acquired  a  year  prior  to 
his  birth  by  his  father,  and  was  one  of  the  only 
two  stone  houses  in  the  villiage,  the  other  being 
that  of  Auguste  P.  Chouteau,  his  uncle.  Pierre, 
Jr.,  was  the  second  son  of  John  Pierre  Chouteau, 
vSr.,  who  was  born  in  New  Orleans  in  IToX,  and 
who  died  in  St.  Louis  in  l.S4!i,  and  who  was  the 
oldest  of  the  four  children  born  to  Madame 
Therese  Chouteau  by  her  second  husband,  Pierre 
Laclede  Liguest,  the  founder  of  the  trading  post 
which  he  named  St.  Louis.  Madame  Therese 
Chouteau,  came  \\\)  the  river  to  Fort  Chartres  in 
the  winter  of  17t)o-4,  and  located  at  the  trading 
post  of  St.  Louis.  vShe  had  one  son,  Auguste, 
by  her  first  husband,  and  the  four  children  by 
her  second  husband  also  bore  the  name  of 
Chouteau,  in  obedience  to  a  statute  of  French 
law  of  that  time.  The  mother  of  the  subject  of 
our  sketch  was  Pelagie  Kiersereau,  an  only  child 
of  her  parents.  She  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  and 
at  an  early  age  left  an  orphan  to  be  reared  by 
the  family  of  Joseph  Taillon,  Sr.,  her  maternal 
grandfather.  She  was  married  to  Pierre  Chou- 
teau, Sr. ,  and  in  ITS^lo,  at  the  age  of  twenty-six 
years,  or  after  ten  years  of  wedded  life,  she  died, 
leaving  three  sons,  Augu.ste  P.,  Pierre,  Jr.,  and 
Paul  Liguest,  and  one  daughter,  Pelagie. 

Very  little  record  exists  of  the  childhood  of 
Pierre,  Jr.     In  18()(j,  when  the  lad  was  seven- 


teen years  old,  he  accompanied  Julian  I)ul)uiiuc 
>ip  the  Mississippi  ri\er  to  the  present  site  of 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  where  rich  lead  mines  were 
llien  located,  being  induced  to  go  In'  a  jiromise 
from  I)ul)U(|ue  that  in  the  e\ent  of  his  death 
while  on  the  trip,  that  he  (  Pierre )  should  be- 
come sole  heir  to  the  mines.  He  remained  at 
the  mines  two  years,  acting  as  clerk  for  Dubuciue, 
and  returned  to  ,Sl.  Louis  in  LSUS,  being  then 
nineteen  years  old.  In  IMl'i  he  accomi^anied 
his  father  and  elder  brother,  .\uguste  P.,  on  a 
trading  \-oyage  to  the  Indian  tribes  oi  the  upper 
Missouri,  the  three  on  their  return  reaching  St. 
Louis  safely  in  November  of  the  same  year. 

In  1X13  the  voung  man  entered  ])tisiness  on 
his  own  account,  forming  a  ])artnershi])  with  his 
brother-in-law,  Bart.  Berthold,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Berthold  &  Chouteau.  Un  May  1st  of 
that  year  the>-  opened  a  stock  of  general  mer- 
chandise, which  was  purchased  in  Philadelphia. 
The  building  occupied  belonged  to  Berthold, 
and  was  located  on  Main  street,  being  the  first 
brick  house  built  west  of  the  Mississippi  river. 
Yearl\-  trips  were  made  by  one  or  the  other  of 
the  partners  to  Philadelphia,  in  order  to  jmr- 
chase  goods,  the  journey  being  made  principall\- 
by  boat. 

This  mercantile  1)usiness  was  carried  on  very 
successfully  until  about  l.S:?(),  when  the  firm  of 
Berthold  iS:  Chouteau  closed  out  their  stock  of 
merchandise  and,  having  accumulated  consider- 
able capital  for  that  time,  extensivelv  embarked 
in  the  fur  trade  of  the  upper  ^Missouri.  vSulise- 
quentl\'  Messrs.  Bernard  Pratte,  Sr.,  and  John 
P.  Cabanue  were  taken  into  the  company,  which 
became  Berthold,  Chouteau  &  Company,  fur  uier- 
cliants.  A  profitable  trade  was  after  this  con- 
ducted for  .some  time,  the  firm  becoming  known  as 
one  of  the  most  extensive  dealers  on  the  Missouri 
river.  In  April,  1.S81,  ]\Ir.  P.erthold  died,  and 
the  style  of  the  firm  was  changed  to  Pratte, 
Chouteau  &  Compau}-.  In  l<s;^7  Mr.  Pratte  also 
died,  and  the  death  of  Mr.  Cabanue,  four  years 
later,  left  Mr.  Chouteau  the  only  sur\iving  mem- 
ber of  the  original  company. 

A  year  after  Mr.  Cabanne's  death,  Mr.  Chou- 
teau  associated   with   himself  in  the  fur  trade, 


■l^f-' 


S-rK 


-/-iC^ 


\ 


niOGRAPHICAL  APPJiXDIX. 


138 


Messrs.  Jolin  B.  Sarpy,  Joscpli  A.  Sire  and  liis 
soii-in-law,  John  V .  A.  Sandford,  all  of  whom 
had  ])re\ionsly  lieen  trusted  employes  of  the 
house.  Mr.  Clmuteau  continued  in  the  fur  trade 
until  his  death  in  isti.');  l)nt  of  his  partners,  Mr. 
Sire  died  in  I'^'il,  wliile  .Messrs.  Sarpy  and 
Sandford  died  in  1S,")7. 

.Vlthouijh  Mr.  Chouteau  was  the  head  of  one 
of  the  lari^est  fur  houses  in  St.  Lonis  at  a  time 
w  hill  the  cit\'  was  the  headquarters  for  the  fur 
and  ludiau  trade  of  the  West,  it  was  not  the  oul\- 
enterprise  of  nuii^nitude  in  which  he  was  a  mo\- 
inu;  spirit.  In  l'S;)S  lie  established  the  whole- 
sale "grocery  connnissit)n  "  house  of  Chouteau 
X:  Mackenzie,  with  Kenneth  Mackenzie  as  the 
junior  partner.  This  connection  was  not  con- 
tinned  very  long,  as  in  1<S41  Mr.  Chouteau  sold 
out  his  interest  to  his  i)artiier,  and  in  the  same 
year  estat:)lished  a  brancli  of  his  fur  honse  in 
Xew  York  Citv.  In  l'S42  he  also  established  in 
the  same  cit\"  a  ct>mmission  house,  ]\Iessrs.  Sand- 
ford  and  Merle  being  the  gentlemen  interested 
witli  him  in  this  venture. 

In  l.S4!i  Pierre  Chouteau  and  James  Harrison, 
of  St.  Louis,  with  Felix  \'alle,  of  .Ste.  (iene\"ie\'e, 
associated  themselves  together  as  the  American 
Iron  Mountain  Company,  and  purchasing  the 
Iron  Mountain  in  St.  Francois  county,  embarked 
e.\teusi\-el\-  in  the  niiuiug  and  inanulacturing 
(if  iron.  In  furtherance  of  their  iron  enter- 
])rises  this  firm,  in  l!^.')l-2,  built  the  extensive 
rolling  mill  in  Xorlh  Si.  Louis,  which  is  still 
successfully  operated  under  the  old  firm  name. 
In  IX.');}  Mr.  Chouteau  instituted  the  la.st  en- 
terjirise  of  his  life,  this  venture  being  the 
railroad  iron  house  of  Pii-rre  Chouteau,  Jr., 
Sandford  (S:  Company.  It  is  a  notable  fact  in 
connection  with  his  lousiness  enterprises,  that 
Ml.  Clionteau  surxived  all  of  the  si.\  ])artners 
iulerested  willi  him  in  the  fur  business. 

.Mr.  Chouteau  stood  ver\-  high  with  the  people 
among  whom  he  lived,  and  was  honored  and 
respected  as  a  gentleman  of  inflexible  integrity 
and  of  a  high  degree  of  al)ilit\'.  In  1><2(I,  upon 
the  admission  of  this  State  to  the  I'nion,  he  was 
chosen  to  represent  St.  Louis  county  in  the  con- 
\euliiiii  which   framed   the  constitution  of  Mis- 


souri, and  in  that  body  his  counsel  and  sagacity 
were  found  invaluable. 

Mr.  Chouteau  was  married  on  June  13,  l.si;i, 
to  Mi.ss  Emilie  Anne  ("Traliol,  a  daughter  of 
Charles  Gratiot,  vSr. ,  who  came  to  this  conntr\- 
from  Lausanne,  Switzerland,  in  1777.  Five 
children  were  born  to  them.  F^milie,  born  in 
If<14,  was  married  to  J.  V .  \.  Sandford,  of  Balti- 
more, who  was  interested  with  Mr.  Chouteau  in 
many  of  his  business  ventures;  both  wife  and 
husband  are  now  dead.  Julia,  born  in  l.^Ki, 
was  married  to  the  late  Dr.  William  ^laffitt. 
Pierre  Charles,  born  in  1.S17,  died  in  1«1«. 
Charles  Pierre,  born  in  l«lit,  married  Julia 
.Vnne,  daughter  of  General  Charles  Gratiot. 
Benjamin  Wil.son,  born  in  \>^'1'1,  died  in  infancv. 
Thus  Charles  P.  and  Mrs.  Julia  Maffitt  are  the 
only  ones  of  the  children  now  living. 

Pierre  Chouteau,  Jr.,  died  October  (i,  l.sii."), 
in  iiis  seveuty-se\enth  year,  his  wife's  death 
preceded  his  own  b\-  about  two  vears. 

CHOfTE.\r,  Ch.\ri,k.s  Pikrre. — Charles  Pierre 
Chouteau  is  the  fourth  son  of  Mr.  Pierre  Chou- 
teau, Jr.,  of  whose  life  and  career  a  record  has 
jn.st  been  given.  At  the  age  of  .seventy-five  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  may  be  spoken  of  as  a 
noble  representative  of  the  great  Chouteau  familv, 
and  as  being  in  posse.ssion  of  that  \igorous  health 
which  men  who  have  lived  careful  and  temper- 
ate li\es  so  often  enjoy  after  they  have  lived 
beyond  the  limit  of  human  life  as  announced  bv 
the  P.salmist.  Charles  Pierre  Chouteau  was 
born  December  2,  I-Slii.  His  parents  appre- 
ciated the  value  of  a  first-class  education,  such 
as  their  ample  means  enable  them  to  provide 
for  their  children,  and  when  Charles  was  but 
si.x  years  old  he  was  jilaced  under  the  tuition  of 
Mr.  Savare,  w  ho  had  attained  a  high  position  as 
an  instructor  of  youth,  and  who  was  teaching 
the  first  rudiments  of  education  to  tiie  sons  of 
scxeral  i^romineut  St.  Lonisans. 

I-'or  two  years  tliis  course  of  study  was  con- 
tinned,  but  in  1X27  Mr.  Pierre  Chouteau.  Jr., 
.sent  his  .sou  to  the  .seminary,  then  recently 
established  by  the  Jesuit  Fathers  at  St.  Ferdi- 
nand ill  St.  Louis  countv,  and  which  is  now  the 


1:M 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.  I.OriS. 


St.  Louis  I'uiversitN'.  \\)nn.t(  ]\Ir.  ClunUtau 
was  the  first  scholar  to  enter  this  academy  of 
learinnjj,  then  in  its  early  infancy.  He  re- 
mained ill  charge  of  the  Fathers  for  five  years, 
and  at  the  age  of  thirteen  he  went  to  New  York, 
and  in  ])nrsuanceof  his  determination  to  acquire 
proficienc\-  in  the  profession  of  civil  engineering, 
he  entered  the  civil  and  military  institution  of 
Messrs.  Peiignet  Brothers.  Here  he  studied  for 
four  years,  during  which  time  he  acquired  a 
thorough  engineering  training,  and  in  August, 
1837,  he  graduated  with  honors. 

Returning  to  St.  Louis  the  following  year,  he 
assisted  in  the  merchant  house  of  Chouteau  iS: 
Mackenzie,  representing  his  father's  interest  in 
this  important  firm.  In  1842  Mr.  Pierre  Chou- 
teau disposed  of  his  interest  to  Mr.  Mackenzie, 
and  in  the  following  year,  1843,  his  son  pro- 
ceeded to  London  to  look  after  the  important 
Chouteau  interests  in  that  cit)'.  Mr.  Charles 
Pierre  Chouteau  spent  two  or  three  years  in 
Europe  and  also  traveled  extensively  throughout 
the  then  undeveloped  Northwestern  territories 
of  the  Ignited  States.  In  these  journeys  and 
negotiations,  Mr.  Chouteau  displaved  great 
talent  and  discretion  and  earned  for  himself  the 
regard  and  esteem  of  the  men  with  whom  his 
business  and  that  of  his  father  brought  him  into 
contact.  While  in  charge  of  the  fur  business 
on  the  upper  Missouri  he  took  the  steamer 
Chippewa^  to  the  falls  of  that  river,  being  the 
first  steamer  to  reach  that  point. 

In  November,  bS4r),  or  when  he  was  nearlv 
twenty-six  years  of  age,  Mr.  Charles  Pierre 
Chouteau  married  Miss  Julia  Anne  Gratiot,  the 
youngest  of  the  two  daughters  of  General  Char- 
les Gratiot.  Mrs.  C.  P.  Chouteau  is  the  grand- 
daughter of  Charles  Gratiot,  Sr.  Her  father 
was  born  in  St.  Louis  in  August,  1781),  and  in 
the  year  1X(I4  he  went  to  West  Point,  then  but 
four  years  the  home  of  the  United  States  Mili- 
tary Academy.  He  graduated  with  distinction 
in  1808,  and  was  assigned  to  the  Corps  of  lin- 
gineers,  with  whom  he  worked  for  more  than 
thirty  years.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chouteau's  married 
life  has  been  exceptionallv  happw  Thev  have 
had  five  children,  two  sons  and  three  daughters. 


the  oldest  son  being  named  after  his  grandfather 
and  great-grandfather,  Pierre. 

Mr.  C.  P.  Chouteau's  business  career  during 
the  last  half  ceiitur\-  has  been  one  of  almost  con- 
tinuous activity,  for  he  has  given  to  everv  detail 
his  personal  atteiilion,  and  it  is  (iu]\-  during  the 
last  few  years  that  he  has  yielded  to  the  earnest 
solicitations  of  his  family  and  allowed  his  son  to 
relie\-e  liim  of  some  of  the  cares  attached  to  the 
management  of  interests  of  such  magnitude. 
As  we  have  already  seen,  Mr.  Pierre  Chouteau, 
Jr.,  connected  him.self  with  many  enterprises  of 
great  magnitude,  and  e\-en  prior  to  his  death  in 
ll^fi."),  his  son  had  become  intimately  identified 
with  their  management.  Although  in  the  en- 
joyment of  an  enormous  fortune  l)y  inheritance, 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  has  considered  it  his 
duty  to  identify  himself  with  important  enter- 
prises from  time  to  time;  and  it  would  be  difl!i- 
cult  to  overrate  the  benefits  vSt.  Louis  have 
obtained  not  only  from  the  in\-estment  of  Chou- 
teau capita],  but  also  from  the  directing  influence 
of  such  a  man  as  INIr.  Charles  P.  Chouteau. 

Mr.  Chouteau's  investments  have  all  been  of 
a  prudent  and  profitable  character,  and  he  mav 
be  fairly  described  as  one  of  the  most  prosjier- 
t)us  and  successful  men  of  the  West.  Naturalh- 
unostentatious  and  retiring,  ^Ir.  Chouteau  has 
not  made  a  great  ])arade  of.  princeh-  charit\-, 
but  he  has  distributed  vast  sums  of  mone\-  in  a 
quite  manner  iox  the  amelioration  of  distress  and 
for  the  assistance  of  deserving  \oung  men;  and 
a  reference  to  his  check  books  would  disclose 
the  identity  of  the  giver  of  a  large  number  of  \'ery 
liberal  anonymous  contributions  to  religious, 
educational  and  philanthropic  enterprises. 

Choutkav,  PiKKKK,  .son  of  Charles  P.  and 
Julia  Anne  (Gratiot)  Chouteau,  was  born  in 
St.  Louis,  July  30,  l.S4tl,  and  is  a  fitting  repre- 
sentative of  what  it  is  no  exaggeration  to  speak 
of  as  a  line  of  nature's  noblemen.  We  have  no 
titled  aristocracy  in  this  country,  and  especially 
in  the  West,  nor  is  that  last  relic  of  feudalism, 
the  law  of  primogeniture  and  entail  possible  or 
permissible  in  a  country  which  acknowledges  no 
government  save    that  which   is  of  the  people. 


LOn'-L^  ^C)  fi ^/u^LX^^u^ 


nroriRAPinc.  \t.  appendix. 


13n 


for  llie  people,  and  by  llie  people.  P>nt  the 
motto  '^noblesse  oblige''  is  honored,  tliout^h 
unexpressed,  by  the  members  of  our  best  fauii- 
lies,  aud  this  descendant  of  the  man  who  first 
settled  in  what  is  now  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  rep- 
resents all  that  is  deservinjr  of  commendation  in 
humanitN . 

As  alreach'  staled  in  this  work,  Mi.  Chou- 
teau's mother  was  a  Cnatiot,  beiu<.;;  a  dau.t^:hlfr 
of  General  Charles  Gratiot,  himself  a  citizen 
whose  ideas  of  loyalty  to  his  country  aud  cit\- 
made  him  loved  as  well  as  respected.  Descended 
on  both  sides  from  the  best  families  in  the  West, 
Pierre  Chouteau,  great-grandson  of  the  founder 
of  St.  Louis,  and  grand.son  of  the  first  Pierre 
Chouteau,  Jr.,  .started  out  in  his  youth  to  main- 
tain the  traditions  of  his  house,  and  he  has  suc- 
ceeded so  well  that  to-da\-  he  .stands  second  to 
none  in  the  estimation  and  regard  of  his  fellow- 
citizens.  He  was  educated  in  St.  Louis,  but  as 
.soon  as  he  was  old  enough,  he  cro.sscd  the 
.\tlantic  and  entered  the  Royal  School  of  .Vrts, 
.Mines  and  Manufactures  at  Liege,  Belgium. 
This  institution  is  second  to  none  in  the  entire 
world  in  its  facilities  for  imparting  a  thorough 
education  of  a  technical  character,  and  young 
Mr.  Chouteau  thus  had  the  benefit  of  a  course  of 
stiuh-  in  theoretical  and  j^ractical  engineering 
which  laid  the  foundation  for  the  proficiency  to 
which  he  has  since   attained  in  this  profession. 

Returning  to  this  country  in  the  year  l'S74, 
Mr.  Pierre  Chouteau  commenced  practicing  liis 
profession,  and  soon  acquired  a  reiiutatiou  ot 
which  a  nuuli  older  man  might  well  have  been 
proud,  lie  was  prevented,  however,  from  con- 
tinuing to  rise  in  the  ranks  of  engineers  by  being 
called  n])outoassist  his  father  in  the  management 
of  the  extensive  business  aiul  vast  interests  of  the 
Chouteau  family.  Somewhat  reluctantly  .Mr. 
Chouteau  relinquished  his  profession  aud  re- 
sponded to  the  call,  since  which  time  he  has  been 
in  practical  control  of  the  business,  and  has 
gi\en  to  it  the  attention  aud  care  which  made 
him  St)  successful  as  a  jirofessional  man. 

.\lthongh  not  yet  forty-five  years  of  age,  Mr. 
ChoiUean  has  acquired  great  influence  in  llu- 
cil\'  aud   its  surroundings,    and  is  looki'd   upon. 


not  only  as  the  active  representative  of  the  first 
family  of  the  city,  but  also  as  a  vigorous  e.\po- 
nent  of  the  Xew  St.  Louis  idea.  Xo  movement 
having  for  its  object  the  furtherance  of  the 
city's  interests  has  appealed  in  vain  to  Mr. 
Chouteau  for  assistance,  jiecnniary  and  other- 
wise, and  although  of  a  retiring  disposition,  he 
has  been  com])elled  to  take  ])art  in  se\'eral  semi- 
public  mo\ements. 

Mr.  Chouteau  married  on  Xmember  27,  X^ty-l, 
Miss  Lucille  M.  Cluuuiu,  a  member  of  one  of 
the  old  and  high  respected  French  families  of 
St.  Louis.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Chouteau  have  one 
child,  a  daughter,  and  reside  in  a  picturesque 
home  on  Westminster  place. 

Mafkitt,  Ch.\rlk.s  C,  son  of  Dr.  William 
aud  Julia  (Chouteau)  Maffitt,  was  born  in  St. 
Louis,  p-ebruary  17,  IHo^.  He  is  a  thorough 
St.  Louis  man  in  every  respect,  inheriting  from 
his  mother  the  feeling  of  loyalt\-  and  devotion 
to  the  city  that  has  been  a  special  characteristic 
of  the  Chouteans  for  more  than  a  century  and  a 
quarter.  Dr.  Maffitt  came  from  one  of  the 
oldest  aud  best  known  \'irginiau  families,  and 
he  served  for  mau\  years  as  a  surgeon  in  the 
I'nited  .States  .\rmy  on  the  staffs  of  (renerals  W. 
S.  Scott  aud  William  Jenkins  Worth.  He  located 
in  St.  Louis  in  the  vear  1S4(),  aud  died  here  in 
the  year  1<S()4,  having  made  countless  friends  in 
the  city  by  his  sterling  qualities  and  genial 
manners. 

Dr.  Maffitt's  widow  has  rcceuth  celebrated 
her  seveutv-eighth  birthda\-  and  is  an  object  of 
love  and  veneration  to  an  immense  number  of 
relatives  and  acquaintances.  She  was  born  just 
two  years  after  the  death  of  "  La  Mere  de  Sainte 
Louis"  as  "Grandma"  Chouteau  has  been 
aplK'  named,  on  account  of  her  being  not  only 
the  mother  of  the  men  who  founded  St.  Louis, 
but  also  the  first  white  lady  to  locate  on  the 
ground  where  the  trading  post  of  St.  Louis  was 
subsecpiently  established.  She  was  born  in  Xew 
Orleans,  where  she  married  Angnste  Rene  Chou- 
teau, one  of  her  sous  being  .\ugnste,  or  Colonel, 
Chouteau. 

In   17ii;!,  wIku   the   last    u.imed   was  a  l)oy  of 


136 


OLD  Axn  xi'AV  ST.  i.ocrs. 


thirteen,  Mrs.  Cliouteau  caiiif  lo  St.  l/niis  with 
her  faniil)-,  and  her  Inisiness  ahilit\-  contrihnted 
nnich  nuire  U\ry;ely  than  is  <^encrally  considered 
to  the  early  success  of  the  settlement.  She 
here  the  hardships  and  privations  inseparahle 
from  pioneer  life  with  great  fortitude,  regarding 
St.  Louis  ver\-  much  in  the  light  of  a  child  of 
her  own,  and  rejoicing  in  e\er\-  ad\ance  nuidc. 
From  the  second  son  of  this  lady,  Pierre,  Sr. , 
the  hranch  of  the  Chouteau  family  to  which  Dr. 
IMaffitt's  widow  belongs  .sprang,  both  that  lady 
and  Mr.  Charles  P.  Chouteau  being  grandchil- 
dren of  Pierre,  Sr.  As  already  mentioned  in 
this  work,  the  Chouteau  family  now  includes 
some  of  the  best  known  millitmaires  ol  the  West, 
as  well  as  some  of  the  best  known  and  most 
highly  respected  men  in  this  portion  of  the 
country. 

Young  Maifitt  was  educated  at  Seton  Hall 
College,  South  Orange,  New  Jersey,  concluding 
a  very  excellent  education  at  Washington  I'ni- 
versity  in  his  nati\e  city.  He  at  once  entered 
into  the  iron  l)usiness  and  was  for  some  years 
vice-president  of  the  Chouteau,  Harrison  &; 
Valle  Iron  Company,  of  which  important  cor- 
poration he  is  now  president.  In  addition  to 
this  office,  Mr.  Maffitt  is  also  president  of  the 
world-renowned  Iron  Mountain  Company,  which 
is  famous  for  the  richness  of  its  ore  and  which 
is  known  as  one  of  the  greatest  di\idend  pa\'ers 
among  the  iron  mines  of  the  world. 

Although  but  forty-two  years  of  age  and  (piite 
a  young  man,  Mr.  Maffitt's  responsibilities  would 
be  enormous  even  if  they  were  limited  to  the  presi- 
dency of  these  two  very  important  corporations. 
But  he  has  other  interests  of  great  moment.  As 
president  of  the  Forest  Park,  Laclede  Avenue 
and  Fourth  vStreet  Railroad,  a  branch  of  the 
Missouri  Railroad  system,  he  has  been  largeh' 
responsible  for  the  vast  impro\-ement  in  the 
equipment  and  management  of  that  road  of 
recent  years.  He  is  also  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  Lhiion  Stock  Yards  Company,  president 
of  the  Helena  and  Xew  Orleans  Transpoitation 
Company,  a  director  of  the  State  Bank  of  St. 
Louis,  and  a  director  in  the  Merchants'  Termi- 
nal Company  and  the  Fair  Grounds  Association. 


AlllKiugh  a  hard  worker  and  a  man  who  be- 
lieves in  the  pro\erbthat  "the  e>-e  of  the  master 
fattens  the  steed,"  Mr.  Maffitt  dex'otes  consider- 
able time  to  legiliniale  sjiort,  and  as  jtulge  and 
racing  steward  at  the  race-meetings  at  the  Fair 
Orounds  his  decisions  ha\e  given  invariable 
satisfaction.  He  is  one  of  the  best  posted  men 
in  .Missouri  on  blood  horses  and  has  a  small 
racing  stable  of  his  own,  in  which  his  friends 
take  a  great  deal  of  pride.  The  iutegrit\'  of  the 
owner  makes  it  certain  that  everv  horse  will  be 
run  on  its  merits,  with  orders  given  to  the  jockey 
to  go  in  and  win,  and  it  is  sportsmen  of  the 
Maffitt  t\pe  that  are  needed  to  purify  American 
racing  and  keep  it  select. 

Mr.  Alaffitt  is  also  a  well-known  club  man. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Commercial,  the  Jockey 
Club,  and  other  institutions  of  a  social  charac- 
ter, and  is  one  of  the  most  ])roniinent  societ\' 
men  in  vSt.  Louis.  He  uses  his  means  to  the 
best  ad\'antage,  and  is  one  of  the  most  vigorous 
exponents  of  the  Xew  vSt.  Louis  idea.  His 
charities  are  numerous,  and  indirecth-  his  hea\\- 
investments  have  pro\'ided  jjrofitable  work  for 
thousands  of  heads  of  families. 

As  a  ])olitician,  Mr.  Maffitt's  fame  is  not  con- 
fined to  his  own  cit>-.  He  is  a  Democrat  from 
conviction  and  choice,  but  he  also  l)elie\x's  in 
measures  rather  than  men,  in  purit\'  in  politics, 
and  in  fair  plav  for  all.  He  has  been  twice 
honored  b}-  l)eing  elected  delegate  to  the  Na- 
tional Convention  of  his  party,  first  in  1884  as  a 
district  delegate,  and  again  in  l.s;)2  as  delegate 
at  large.  ( )n  the  latter  occasion  he  was  cho.sen 
chairman  of  the  Missouri  delegation  to  the 
Democratic  National  Convention  at  Chicago. 
Although  at  the  head  of  the  largest  protective 
industries  in  the  State  of  ^Missouri,  Mr.  I\Iaffitt 
has  entireh'  sunk  his  personal  advantage  to  the 
good  of  his  party,  and  ])y  his  unswerving  democ- 
racy and  advocacy  of  the  policy  of  tariff  for 
revenue  only,  he  has  won  the  confidence  of  his 
party  to  such  an  extent  that  he  is  now  serving 
his  third  term  as  chairman  of  the  .State  Demo- 
cratic Central  Connnittee. 

His  success  as  a  political  leader  has  been  as 
marked  as  have  been  his  commercial  triumphs. 


lilOC.RAPIIICAI.    APPENDIX. 


137 


He  lias  inana<(ecl  the  State  Democratic  caiupait^n 
with  siijiial  al)ility,  and  it  was  kir<jely  owiii";  to 
liis  t^ood  iiianai^eiiient  that  in  ISl'O  tlie  .Missonii 
Democracy  reven<);ed  itself  for  the  loss  of  the 
three  .St.  Lonis  districts  two  years  previously 
and  sent  a  solid  delegation  to  the  fifty-second 
CiMii^ress.  Mr.  Maffitt  stands  so  well  with  the 
Democratic  and  also  the  commercial  and  busi- 
ness leaders  of  the  city  and  State  that  he  can 
ha\-e  any  office  that  he  desires  at  the  hands  of 
the  peo])le,  b\'  whom  he  has  l)een  fre([neiUl\' 
importuned  to  run  for  office. 

C.AKKiSDN",  Daxikl  Raxi).\li.,  .son  of  Captain 
()li\'er  and  Catherine  (  Kiugslaud )  Ciarrison, 
was  born  on  the  banks  of  the  beautiful  Hiulson 
river,  in  Orange  county.  New  York,  near  (kirri- 
son's  Landing,  on  Xo\endjer  2."),  ISl.").  Both 
his  i)arcuts  were  gemune  Americans  and  of  dis- 
tinguished families. 

His  mother  was  born  in  New  Jerse\',  and  her 
family  connections  included  such  well  known 
historical  names  as  the  Schuylers,  the  Buskirks, 
and  the  Coverts.  Captain  Garrison  was  the 
direct  descendant  of  an  old  Puritan  famil\-  which 
had  settled  in  Xew  hhigland  earh'  in  the  histor\- 
of  the  colonies.  He  owned  and  connnanded  the 
first  line  of  packets  which  ran  between  New 
York  and  West  Point,  \Ww\  to  the  days  of 
steamboats. 

When  Daniel  was  fourteen  \-ears  of  age,  the 
CaiUain  moved  to  P)uffalo,  Xew  \'ork,  a  ])oint 
wliich  nowadays  is  regarded  as  the  far  Kast,  and 
it  was  al  Ihiffalothat  the  man  of  whom  St.  Louis 
is  now  so  ])roud  concluded  his  education  and 
secured  his  first  emploxinenl. 

He  commenced  his  career  as  an  em|>lo\e  of 
I'calls,  Wilkinson  it  Comjiany,  engine  builders, 
in  whose  em])loy  hi-  contimied  until  the  \ear 
l^;i;i.  In  June  of  that  year  young  Mr.  (iarri- 
son  was  one  of  a  committee  of  three  appointed 
to  make  a  ]neseiitation  to  Mr.  Webster,  wlm 
was  on  a  \isil  to  Buffalo.  The  ])resentalion  was 
made  as  an  indorsement  of  Mr.  Webster's  tariff 
views  l)y  those  who  subscribed  to  the  fund,  and 
the  e\'ent  created  a  great  and  lasting  im]U'ession 
on  tile  mind  ot  the  \dun>j man  wlm  was  destined 


to  become  one  of  the  greatest  and  grandest  citi- 
zens of  the  then  little-thought-of  West. 

In  the  fall  ot  l.s;;;;  Mr.  (iarrison  went  to 
Pittsburgh,  PennsyK'ania,  where  he  took  a  posi- 
tion in  one  of  the  largest  pattern  and  machine 
establishments  of  that  cit\',  and  for  two  years  he 
continued  at  this  emj^loyment.  In  1  >^'.V.i  he  came 
to  St.  Louis  and  was  ])laced  at  the  head  of  the 
drafting  dejiartment  in  the  foundry  and  engine 
wt)rks  of  Kingsland,  Lightner  &.  Company.  He 
devoted  him.self  faithfully  to  the  work  for  five 
years,  and  in  1X40,  or  a  little  more  than  half  a 
century  ago,  he  commenced  his  actual  business 
career.  He  was  then,  as  now,  a  stalwart,  fine 
man,  and  his  mind  was  cajiablc  of  gras])ing,  even 
at  that  early  period  in  the  history  of  St.  Louis 
as  a  manufacturing  cit\-,  the  fact  that  the  da\- 
was  not  far  distant  when  it  would  become  an 
exporting  instead  of  an  imjiorting  jioiut  for 
finished  goods. 

With  this  settled  con\'iction  as  an  incentixe  to 
enterprise,  Mr.  Garrison  associated  him.self  with 
his  brother,  Oliver,  and  commenced  the  manu- 
facture of  steam  engines.  The  Garrison  Broth- 
ers' shops  were  small  indeed  eonijiared  with  the 
gigantic  enterprise  in  which  Mr.  Garrison  has 
since  been  the  leading  spirit,  but  the  watchword 
was  "thorough"  from  the  counnencement.  and 
every  part  of  every  engine  was  as  perfect  as 
money  and  science  could  make  it.  Mr.  D.  R. 
Garrison  naturally  assumed  charge  of  the  draft- 
ing deparlment,  and  he  did  this  work,  as  e\'er\- 
thing  else  he  undertook,  faithfidl\'  and  well. 
Business  increased,  and  the  foundr\-  became 
overtaxed  with  work.  For  eight  years  it  con- 
tinued steadily  at  work  on  home  orders,  and 
then  came  the  historical  discover\-  of  gold  in 
California. 

.\ttracled  by  tlu-  evident  need  of  transporta- 
tion, Mr.  (rarrison,  ow  February  L'),  l.S4;t,  went 
to  San  Francisco,  with  a  view  to  establishing  a 
steamer  service  on  the  California  river.  On  his 
arrival  he  found  the  reports  of  gold  discoveries 
In  be  well  to\inded,  and  at  once  sent  to  his 
bnillur,  ( )li\(.i,  for  three  large  engines,  one  of 
which  Ik-  sent  to  Oregon  for  service  in  a  steamer 
which    he   built   on    the    Willamette    ri\-er;    the 


];!S 


oi.n  AND  xi:\v  ST.  i.oris. 


second  was  used  in  a  l>oat  built  on  llic  Sacra- 
mento river,  and  the  tliird  was  used  at  a  saw 
mill.  Mr.  ( larrison's  California  \eutures  ]iro\ed 
e.xceedinLjK'  jirofitahlc,  and  when  they  were 
concluded  he  went  to  Pu.ii^et  vSound  in  a  canoe 
propelled  h\-  four  Indians,  fuialK'  relurnintj 
home  via  the  Isthmus  of  I'anama,  and  arrivint^ 
in  vSt.  Louis  in  l.s.")i). 

Soon  after  this  Ik-  retired  from  the  machine 
works,  hut  not  from  acti\e  life.  He  at  (nice 
took  a  jiromineiU  part  in  the  proposed  Ohio  iS; 
Mississippi  Railroad,  and  a  meetinjj  of  the  citi- 
zens was  called  with  a  \iew  to  subscribing^  half 
a  milliiin  dollars  for  the  commencement  of  the 
work.  I'inally,  thanks  to  Mr.  Cjarrison's  euer^\- 
and  to  the  impetus  his  name  _s:ave  to  the  enter- 
prise, the  road  was  connnenced,  and  to  Mr.  (lar- 
rison  belongs  the  honor  of  having  laid  the  last 
rail  on  the  first  road  that  connected  vSt.  J^ouis 
willi  the  Kast,  the  work  having  been  accom- 
plished in  sjiite  of  great  and  a])parentl>-  insur- 
mountable difficulties. 

-Mr.  (larrison  was  in  control  of  the  ( )hio  ^c 
Mississipi)i  road  until  b'^TiS,  by  which  time  it 
was  a  perfect  success.  He  was  also  connected 
with  the  Missouri  Pacific  road,  which  then  ran 
from  .St.  lyouis  to  vSedalia,  and  it  was  largeh' 
owing  to  his  indomitable  energy  that  it  was 
completed  to  Kansas  City,  the  work  being  done 
during  the  war,  when  the  difficulties  were  natu- 
ralh'  increased  ten-fold.  The  original  gauge  of 
the  Missouri  Pacific  was  five  and  a  half  feet,  and 
when  it  was  proposed  to  make  it  a  standard 
gauge  road,  Mr.  (Harrison  undertook  to  make  the 
change  between  here  and  Lea\en worth,  Kansas, 
in  sixteen  hours.  The  proposal  was  laughed  at; 
but  he  was  asked  to  make  the  attemjit,  and  he 
succeeded  so  well  that  in  July,  LSliSl,  the  entire 
gauge  was  changed  in  twelve  and  a  half  hours, 
without  any  interference  with  traffic. 

In  the  spring  of  1X70  he  relinquished  the 
management  of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  and 
confined  his  attention  to  the  work  and  comple- 
tion of  the  \'ulcan  Iron  Works  in  South  St.  Louis. 
Ground  was  broken  for  the  erection  July  4,  l><7n, 
and  in  a  year  they  were  in  successful  operation 
the  first  rail  mill  west  of  the  Mississippi  river,  and 


one  of  the  largest  in  .Xnurica.  The  works  soon 
found  emi)lovinent  for  a  thousand  men,  and 
gratified  the  ambition  of  Mr.  ( iarrisi>n  to  make 
-Missouri  rails  out  of  Missouri  iron  for  the  build- 
ing of  Missouri  and  other  western  roads.  Mr. 
(iarrison's  next  large  enterprise  was  the  con- 
struction of  the  Jupiter  Iron  Works,  one  of  the 
largest  furnaces  in  the  world,  and  he  has  since 
been  able  to  introduce  the  manufacture  of  steel 
into  this  eitv. 

He  is  now,  at  the  age  of  se\-eiitv-eight,  able 
to  look  back  on  a  life  of  usefulness  such  as  fall  to 
the  lot  and  honor  of  few  men.  Mr.  Garrison  made 
his  own  wa\-  in  the  world,  and  while  acciimu- 
latiiig  a  fortune  for  himself,  has  done  more  to 
de\elop  the  West  as  a  manufacturing  point  tlian 
aii\-  other  man.  He  has  also  earned  the  esteem 
of  every  one  with  whom  he  has  come  in  contact, 
and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  greatest  men 
.St.  Louis  has  ever  ])rodnced  o\  de\eloped.  He 
has  resided  in  the  cit\  n]iwards  of  half  a  centur\', 
and  has  watched  its  de\-eloimieiit  with  both 
interest  and  care,  allowing  lU)  feature  to  escape 
attention,  and  being  read\  with  both  money  and 
time  to  assist  in  ever\'  object  de\ised  for  tlie 
city's  good. 

His  railroad  experience  has  been  exceptionally 
beneficial  to  .St.  lyOuis,  not  onl\'  in  connection 
with  the  building  and  extension  of  the  Ohio  & 
Mississippi  and  the  Misscniri  Pacific,  but  also  as 
manager  of  botli  the  Missouri  Pacific  and  At- 
lantic ^:  Pacific  roads.  Seventeen  years  ago  the 
work,  ".St.  Louis,  the  Future  Great"  was  dedi- 
cated to  Mr.  Garrison  in  the  following  terms: 
"To  Daniel  Randall  Garris()n,  a  citizen  great  in 
the  attributes  of  manhood,  one  who  has  woven 
out  from  his  individuality,  his  superior  brain 
and  restless  activit\',  a  large  contribution  to  the 
cit\'  of  in\  theme  and  to  ni\-  conntr\-;  one  who 
in  building  up  his  own  fortunes  has  impressed 
his  character  upon  many  material  interests,  and 
who  gi\-es  ])roniise  to  still  greater  usefulness  in 
the  future,  this  volume,  which  illustrates  a  fade- 
less hope  and  a  profound  conviction  in  the 
future  of  .St.  IvOuis,  is  respectfully  inscribed  by 
the  author." 

The  terms  of  the  dedication  were  well  chosen 


llIOC.RArmCAI.  AJ'PENDIX. 


139 


even  in  liS7.'»,  l)ul  in  the  nine  years  that  have 
since  elapsed,  the  works  of  this  noble  citizen 
lia\e  l)(_)rne  still  more  frnit,  and  sc\'eral  of  his 
anticipations  as  to  the  citv's  j^reatness  have  been 
abniidantly  and  niaj^nificently  realized.  The 
name  of  Garrison  will  be  remembered  as  lon^  as 
vSt.  Louis  remains  a  cit\',  and  for  generations  to 
come  the  career  of  D.  R.  Garrison  will  be  quoted 
as  a  magnificent  example  of  how  a  man  with 
sufficient  \\ill-])iiwer  and  integrit}'  can  attain 
almost  any  degree  of  success  he  steadfastly 
stri\'es  after. 

(lAKRLSo.N,      ()I.1\'1;k      IvAWK  ICXCl-:. .\      Noung 

man  who  rellects  credit  on  an  old  and  honorable 
name,  a  name  that  is  inextricabK'  interwoven 
with  the  commercial  history  of  St.  Ivouis  and 
the  Mississippi  \'alley,  is  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  who  was  born  in  this  city  October  IH, 
I''^!''^.  His  father,  Oliver  Garrison,  was  inti- 
niatcK-  connected  with  the  earh  manufacturing 
and  commercial  histor\-  of  St.  I^onis,  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Mechanics'  Bank  for  twenty-fi\-e 
years,  and  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Kagle 
I'^onndry.  His  motlier,  Louisa  (Hale)  Gar- 
rison, dietl  juui'  !!•,  IS'.i;'),  four  vcars  after  her 
liusband. 

He  is  a  nephew  of  I).  R.  ('larrisou,  who  was 
his  father's  ])artner  in  the  establishment  of  the 
I ''.agle  Foundry,  over  fifty-five  years  ago,  while  his 
])aternal  grandfather.  Captain  Oliver  Garrison, 
was  ol  ojil  I'uritan  stock  and  the  owner  of  the 
lirst  line  of  ])ackets  on  the  Hudson  river  be- 
tween Xew  York  and  West  Point.  His  grand- 
uKillK-r  on  the  same  side  of  the  house  was  de- 
scended from  old  Knickerbocker  stock,  and  was 
related  to  souu-  of  the  families  jirominent  in 
early  New  N'ork  history. 

\'oung  ( )li\er  receixed  his  e<lucation  chiell\- 
,il  \\'\niau  Institiite,  being  a  school-mate  of 
W'inlhvo]!  (i.  Cluqiiu'Il.  He  left  school  when 
seventeen  years  of  age,  for  tlie  pur])ose  of  enter- 
ing the  insurance  business.  .Vfter  four  years 
s])enl  in  this  line,  he  concluded  to  follow  to 
some  exteul  in  the  foolste]is  of  his  father  and 
distinguished  nude,  and  accordingK'  he  entered 
the  iron  trade,  which  he  has  followed  most  suc- 


cessfully for  twent\-  years.  His  business  is  of 
vast  ])roportions,  and  besides  his  iron  interests 
he  is  an  extensive  ojierator  and  dealer  in  coal  in 
Chicago,  his  interests  in  that  city  being  nearly 
as  extensive  as  his  business  in  St.  Louis. 

Besides  his  deals  in  coal  and  iron,  he  is  ])resi- 
dent  of  the  St.  Louis  I^aper  Company,  and  sec- 
retary of  the  Big  .Muddy  Coal  and  Iron  Com- 
pan\-,  and  vice-president  of  the  Chicago  ^  Texas 
Railroad  Company.  He  is  an  influential  mem- 
ber of  the  Merchants'  ICxchange,  and  a  very 
activ'e  club  and  benevolent  society  man,  being  a 
member  of  the  Mercantile  Club,  the  vSt.  Ivonis 
Jockev  Club,  of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  Compton 
Hill  Council,  besides  various  other  social  and 
benevolent  societies  in  St.  Ivouis  and  clubs  in 
other  cities. 

Mr.  Garrison  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  S. 
Siegrist  in  LS79,  and  has  three  children  living 
—Oliver  L.,  Jr.,  Hazel    Marie,  and   Clifford   R. 

Chri.stv,  Axdrkw,  was  another  of  the  i)io- 
neers  wdioin  the  earh-  days  of  St.  Louis  showed 
their  faith  in  the  city  by  investing  large  sums 
of  mone\'  iu  the  furtherance  of  its  interests.  He 
was  born  a  few  months  before  the  close  of  the 
last  centurv,  iu  Warren  county,  Ohio,  but  when 
he  was  quite  a  child  his  parents  moved  to  I^aw- 
rence  countv',  Illinois,  locating  on  a  farm  near 
the  county  seat.  Young  Andrew  was  educated 
in  the  schools  near  his  home  and  taught  school 
for  some  time  in  vSt.  Clair  couutv,  Illinnis,  near 
the  town  of  Ritlge  I'rairie. 

When  he  was  about  twentv-se\en  vears  of  age 
he  became  connected  with  h'raucis  and  \'ital 
Jarrot,  of  Cahokia,  and  the  three  young  men 
commenced  in  the  mining  business  at  Galena, 
Illinois.  Tlie\  continued  in  this  for  some  years, 
fiualK  removing  to  St.  Clair  couutv,  Illinois,  jirsi 
across  the  river  from  St.  Louis,  where  Mr.  An- 
drew Christy  went  into  partnershij)  with  his 
brother,  Sanuiel  C.  Christy. 

In  the  vear  1<S;{2  Samuel  Wiggins  sold  his 
ferry  franchises  to  the  Christv-  brothers  and  some 
seven  or  eight  other  gentlemen,  and  a  few  years 
l.Uer  the  Christys  acquired  a  majority  of  the 
slock.      The  lioats  coutimied   to   run   under  the 


140 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOT  IS. 


name  of  the  Wiggins  Kerrv  Conipanv,  of  which 
Mr.  Clirist\'  was  a  member  until  liis  death.  His 
influence  in  the  enterprise  was  manifest  by  the 
building  of  a  numl)er  of  new  boats,  including  the 
Wagoner  in  184(),  the  St.  Louis  in  1S4?<,  the 
Charles  Mitl/ikiiiy  the  Sainuel  C.  C/irish\  the 
CaJiokin,  the  Belleville^  tlie  Louis  I'.  Bogy\  the 
/  iiidicalor.1  and  several  others. 

Between  I<s;5.')  and  1<S4()  Mr.  Christ)  was  in 
the  grocery  and  commission  business,  in  partner- 
ship with  Samuel  B.  Wiggins.  The  business 
was  located  on  Chouteau's  row,  between  Market 
and  Walnut  streets,  and  Main  street  and  the 
river.  This  business  was  very  prosperous,  and 
Mr.  Christy  realized  a  large  sum  of  money  from 
it  in  addition  to  his  large  interests  in  the  ferry. 
The  importance  of  the  ferry  coinpanv  to  the 
commerce  of  St.  Lonis  cannot,  of  course,  be 
overrated.  In  the  ante-railroad  days  the  work 
done  by  the  ferries  was  of  the  most  important 
character,  and  as  the  railroads  w'ere  built  the 
nature  of  the  work  increased  in  volume  and  im- 
portance. 

The  enterprise  of  the  company  was  thoroughly 
shown  a  little  more  than  half  a  century  ago, 
when,  owing  to  the  danger  and  difficultv  of 
crossing  the  river  when  there  was  a  large  quantitv 
of  ice,  it  was  decided  to  construct  a  ferry-boat 
with  an  iron  bow,  so  as  to  enable  it  to  be  safely 
driven  through  almost  any  amount  of  floating 
ice.  The  boat  was  delivered  in  St.  Louis  in  De- 
cember, lS:^il,  and  in  many  respects  thoroughly 
fulfilled  e\-ery  obligation  expected  of  her.  In 
bS47  the  landing-place  was  greatly  improved, 
and  in  1M.')2  it  is  on  record  that  the  ferry  com- 
pany "with  its  usual  liberality  placed  ferrv-boats 
at  the  disposition  of  the  railroad  companies  for 
the  transportation  of  persons  to  the  demonstra- 
tion of  January  7th,  the  boats  being  free  to 
persons  going  to  or  returning  from  the  celebra- 
tion." 

The  charter  of  1X1  Jl,  under  which  the  Wiggins 
Ferry  Company  did  business,  expired  in  18.")i5, 
and  there  was  considerable  opposition  to  the 
application  to  the  Legislature  for  a  renewal. 
The  immense  importance  of  the  work  and  the 
large  sum  of  money  in\-ested  resulted,  however, 


in  the  granting  of  a  perpetual  ferry  charter  to 
Mr.  .\ndrcw  Christy  and  four  other  gentlemen, 
and  a  large  increase  in  the  capital  invested 
resulted.  In  l!S(),j  the  entire  river  front  of  East 
St.  Louis,  for  a  distance  of  .some  miles,  was  owned 
by  it,  and  during  tlie  year  between  one  and  two 
thousand  passengers  were  carried  across  the 
river  daih',  the  receipts  approximating  three 
hundred  thousand  a  vear. 

Shortly  after  this,  on  August  11,  lXt>V»,  Mr. 
Christy  died  of  paralysis.  He  had  never  married, 
and  the  immense  fortune  which  his  never- varying 
industry  had  accumulated,  was  bequeathed  to  his 
brothers  and  sisters  and  their  descendants.  He 
was  a  man  of  great  public  enterprise  and  repre- 
sented St.  Louis  with  marked  ability  and  fairness 
in  the  IHol  Legislature.  He  was  unsparing  in 
his  efforts  to  secure  the  building  of  railroads  to 
St.  Louis,  and  he  also  spent  a  large  sum  oi 
mone\-  in  preser\ing  the  harbor  of  St.  Louis  by 
turning  the  river  current  and  preventing  the 
shoaling  of  water  on  this  side  of  the  stream. 

Some  idea  of  the  work  accomplished  by  this 
indefatiguable  worker  and  his  associates  can  be 
gleaned  from  the  following  passage,  which  is  to 
be  found  in  the  old  newspaper  files  of  St.  Lonis: 

"There  was  no  levee  at  that  time  and  the 
boat  was  landed  under  the  cliffs  and  rocks.  A 
road  led  down  from  the  village  (St.  Louis)  to 
the  ferry  landing.  Capt.  Trendley  used  fre- 
quent]\-  to  run  in  under  the  cliffs  to  get  out  of  a 
shower.  The  ferry  landing  at  that  earl\-  time 
on  the  Illinois  shore  was  at  the  old  brick  ta\-ern 
then  kej)!  b\-  Dr.  Tiflfiu  (which  has  since  been 
swept  away),  and  about  two  hundred  yards 
west  of  the  Illinois  and  Terre  Haute  round- 
house. The  fare  at  that  time  was  a  '  long  bit  ' 
for  a  footman,  a  market-wagon  seveuty-fi\e 
cents,  and  for  a  two-horse  wagon,  one  dollar." 

Although  in  possession  of  a  monopoly  which 
might  have  been  used  to  the  detriment  of  St. 
Louis  and  the  advancement  of  its  prosperity, 
Mr.  Christy  at  no  time  in  his  career  allowed  the 
temptation  to  make  money  at  the  expense  of  the 
cit\"s  development  to  influence  him.  Even 
when  in  practical  control  of  the  ferrv  business, 
with  little  or  no  opposition,  he  advocated  and 


II n )(,!<.  irifft  Ai.  . {I'Pi-'.xnix. 


141 


iiisisU'd  n]>nii  a  lihcral  jiolicv.  Tliis  resnltt-d  most 
l)fiiffic-ially  to  East  St.  Louis,  and  lar.L;i-  .grants 
were  made  for  railroad  and  \vliarfau;e  purposes, and 
Mr.  Clirisly's  ])o]icy  was  universal!)'  approved. 

Wki.L.S,  Kkas'its. — ( )iie  of  the  ablest  of  the 
self-made  men  of  vSt.  Louis  was  Mr.  Erastus 
Wells,  whose  life-history  is  a  continual  encour- 
a.<j;enient  to  young  men  and  bo)s  to  industry  and 
diligence. 

Mr.  Wells  was  l)orn  in  Jefferson  county,  New 
\'i)rk,  December  2,  1X2;').  His  parents  were  not 
1)\  aii\-  means  in  affluent  circumstances,  and  as 
soon  as  the  bo\'  was  old  enovigh  he  was  compelled 
to  assist  his  father  at  farm  work,  that  being  the 
])ursnit  of  the  latter.  I  )uriug  tlie  time  he  worked 
on  his  father's  farm,  extending  from  his  twelfth 
to  his  si.xteenth  year,  he  attended  the  little  log 
school-house  two  miles  from  his  father's  home, 
and  here  received  the  only  schooling  he  ever 
enji)\ed.  lint  lack  of  schooling  could  not 
re])ress  a  \oung  man  with  his  natural  talent  and 
ability,  for  he  learned  in  the  school  of  life  and 
rough  experience  what  he  did  not  learn  in 
colleges. 

.\t  the  age  of  sixteen,  his  father  luuing  died, 
he  was  left  to  his  own  resources,  and  struck  out 
in  the  world  for  himself.  He  first  went  to 
Watertown,  Xew  York,  where  he  clerked  in  a 
store  at  eight  dollars  a  month.  Being  offered 
twehe  dollarsa  mnntli  b\-  a  store-keeper  at  Lock- 
])ort.  New  \"(>rk,  he  went  there-,  and  his  habits 
of  thrift  and  economv  were  shown  at  this  early 
age  by  the  fact  that  after  three  or  four  years  he 
saved  >!l4n,  a  goodlv  sum  in  those  da\s. 

When  he  was  twenty  years  old  he  was  seized 
with  tlu-  Western  fe\-er,  and  arrived  in  St.  Louis 
in  September,  lsi;>.  His  aggressiveness  and 
his  ability  to  see  the  main  chance  at  once  mani- 
fested themseh'es.  The  town  was  without  transit 
facilities  of  an\-  kind.  In  a  little  more  than  a 
month  after  his  arrival  in  .St.  houis  Ik-  hail 
formed  a  partnershi])  with  CaKin  Case,  and  luul 
established  the  first  omnibus  line  west  ot  tlie 
.Mississi])pi.  The  line  consisted  nt  but  one 
\-ehicle,  which  voung  Wells  himself  dro\e  when 
he  was  not  acting  as  fare-taker,  but  it   was  ihe 


pioneer  effort  in  a  system  of  urban  transit  that 
has  grown  to  immense  proportions. 

The  omnilnis  was  (lri\-en  between  the  North 
.Market  ferry-landing  and  down-town,  and  al- 
though it  was  an  innovation  in  a  city  much  more 
conservative  than  the  St.  Ivouis  of  to-day,  the 
people  realized  the  ach'antage  of  such  methods 
of  transportation,  and  the  single  vehicle  soon 
became  inadequate.  Other  busses  were  added, 
and  when  the  business  was  at  its  most  prosperous 
stage,  Mr.  Wells  sold  his  interest. 

He  remained  idle  for  aboiit  a  year,  and  then 
])nrchased  a  small  j^lant  for  the  manufacture  of 
white  lead,  but  the  business  proving  an  injur)- 
to  his  health,  he  disposed  of  the  ])lant  and 
erected  a  saw  mill  in  the  upper  ])art  of  the  city. 
However,  the  con\iction  had  never  left  him  that 
there  was  money  to  be  made  in  the  business  of 
l)assenger  transportation,  so  he  leased  his  uiill, 
and  in  IS.'jO,  with  his  t\)rmer  partner,  Cal\-in 
Case,  formed  a  conipan\-  which  purchased  all 
the  omnibus  lines  in  the  city,  and  established  a 
new  line  on  ()li\e  street,  and  another  between 
St.  Louis  and  Belle\ille,  Illinois.  These  lines 
were  managed  with  great  profit  until  18;k"),  when 
the  accidental  death  of  Mr.  Case  caused  the 
dissolution  of  the  firm. 

Hut  the  s\stem  of  trans])ortation  b\-  slow 
coaches  and  omnibuses  was  revolutionized  about 
this  time  b\-  the  advent  of  the  street  railroad  and 
horse  cars.  Mr.  Wells  was  the  pioneer  in  pas- 
senger transportation  matters,  and  he  was  also 
the  first  to  see  the  advantages  of  the  new  street 
railways,  hi  1S.")!I,  as  mentioned  in  the  earlier 
portion  of  this  work,  he  was  the  nioxing  sjiirit 
in  the  organization  of  the  .Missouri  Railrt)ad 
Company,  with  the  purjiose  in  view  of  building 
and  operating  a  line  on  ()li\e  street,  and  on 
]\\\\  Ith  of  the  same  \ear  the  first  car  was 
started. 

He  was  the  first  i)resident  of  tlie  road,  and  so 
continued  until  1 '"^'^^  I,  when,  on  account  of  failing 
health,  hesold  out  his  controlling  interest  in  the 
()li\e  and  Market  street  lines  and  retired  from 
tlu  ])residenc\-  and  the  street  railway  business. 
Although  he  had  retired  from  the  management 
of  the  street  railwavs,  he  did  not  .sever  all  con- 


OLD  Axn  xi:\v  ST.  i.or/s. 


iiections  with  business  life.  Always  to  the 
front  in  all  matters  of  public  welfare,  he  was  a 
prominent  fij^airc  in  many  bij^  ]iul)lic  undertak- 
ings. 

During  his  long  connection  with  the  business 
affairs  of  St.  Louis,  he  acted  in  various  capaci- 
ties. He  was  president  of  the  Accommodation 
Bank;  was  at  one  time  president  of  the  West 
Kud  Narrow  (iauge  Railroad,  now  a  jKirt  of  the 
St.  lyouis  &  Suburl)an;  director  in  the  ( )hio 
^1  Mississippi  Railroad  Comjiany;  president  of 
the  lyaclede  (ras  Light  Company;  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Commercial  Bank;  and  held  various 
relations  to  other  institutions  and  companies. 
In  LS(S4,  when  he  resigned  his  presidency  of  the 
Missouri  Rail\va\'  Comj^any  on  account  of  bad 
health,  he  also  severed  most  of  his  other  busi- 
ness relations,  and  spent  most  of  his  declining 
years  in  traveling  in  this  country  and  abroad. 

It  is  not  to  be  expected  that  a  man  of  Mr. 
Well's  character,  aggressiveness  and  ability 
would  escape  public  service.  In  1848  he  was 
first  elected  to  the  Cit\'  Council,  serving  alto- 
gether fifteen  years  in  that  body,  and  as  his  voice 
was  always  for  progress  and  improvement,  he 
was  of  incalculable  benefit  to  the  city. 

He  only  resigned  his  seat  in  the  Cit\-  Council 
in  ISfill  in  order  to  make  the  race  for  Congress  in 
the  First  District  of  St.  Louis,  W.  A.  Pile  l)eing 
his  opponent.  Mr.  Wells  was  elected  and  re- 
elected to  the  Forty-second,  Forty-third,  Forty- 
fourth  and  F'orty-sixth  Congress,  by  majorities 
which  indicated  the  esteem  in  which  he  was  held 
bv  the  people.  During  his  terms  he  did  some 
valuable  work  for  St.  Louis,  being  instrumental 
,  in  having  the  first  appropriation  passed  for  the 
erection  of  the  Custom  House. 

He  was  a  persistent  advocate  of  a  systematic 
improvement  of  the  Mississippi  river,  and  was 
an  ardent  advocate  of  the  Eads  jetty  system. 
His  liberal  views,  unquestioned  honestv  and 
geniality  gave  him  an  influence  at  Washington 
that  was  most  valuable.  Although  success, 
honor  and  wealth  crowned  his  life-work,  he  was 
to  the  last  a  thorough  Democrat,  a  man  of  the 
people,  and  as  xinostentatious  and  genial  as  when 
he  came  to  St.  Louis,  a  penniless  boy. 


In  l.-<.'in  Mr.  Wrlls  married  Miss  Henry,  a 
daughter  of  John  F.  Henry,  of  this  city.  Three 
children  were  born  to  them,  two  sons  and  one 
daughter,  of  whom  Rolla,  one  of  the  sons,  has 
alread\'  made  his  mark  in  the  social  and  busi- 
ness life  of  the  city.  His  first  wife  ha\ing  died, 
-Mr.  Wells,  in  LStJil,  married  Mrs.  I'^leauor  P. 
Bell,  widow  of  David  W.  Bell. 

The  career  of  this  honored  cili/eu  closed  just 
as  he  was  completing  the  fiftieth  \ear  of  his 
residence  in  this  cit\'.  He  died  regretted  and 
uu)urned  b\-  thousands,  and  the  scenes  at  his 
funeral  will  not  be  forgotten  for  many  years  to 
come.  He  left  the  imjirint  of  his  work  and 
enterprise  on  so  many  of  our  local  institutions 
that  the  jieople  of  vSt.  I^ouis  are  constantly 
reminded  of  one  who,  while  he  had  ])olitical 
opponents  and  lousiness  ri\'als,  nex'er  had  a  per- 
sonal enenu',  and  who  was  never  so  hap])y  as 
when  he  was  ministering  to  the  wants  of  others, 
or  encouraging  some  young  beginner  just  com- 
mencing to  climb  the  ladder  he  himself  had 
climbed  from  the  bottom  to  the  top. 

.Vk-M.stronc;,  I)a\  id  Hartm<:v,  was  identified 
with  St.  Louis  for  upwards  of  half  a  century  and 
for  inaiiv  \-ears  prior  to  his  death,  which 
occurred  but  a  few  months  ago,  he  was  looked 
upon  as  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  indeed 
picturesque  links  between  ( )ld  and  New  St.  Louis 
which  remained.  Althon'gh  a  native  of  Nova 
Scotia,  his  loyalty  to  the  country  and  city  of  his 
ado])tion  was  a  matter  of  genuine  admiration  on 
the  jKirt  of  his  fellow-citizens,  and  his  death  was 
a  source  of  grief  to  thousands  of  peo])le. 

Air.  Armstrong  lived  upwards  of  eighty  \ears, 
having  been  born  in  l^l:^.  His  jKirents  nuned 
into  Maine  while  he  was  a  boy,  and  he  was 
educated  in  Kennebeck  county  of  that  State. 
\Mien  twentv-one  years  of  age  he  accepted  a 
l^osition  at  the  head  of  a  school  in  New  Bedford, 
Massachusetts,  where  he  remained  for  four  years. 
He  then  came  to  St.  Louis,  but  not  finding  a 
position  suited  to  his  tastes  he  proceeded  to 
Lebanon,  Illinois,  where  he  acted  as  principal 
of  the  preparatory  department  of  AIcKendree 
College. 


-'^''^yAHExtaac 


^^ 


.^-L^^^:,^^ 


/,'/( n,U,l  PI  lie  A  I.  APPENDIX. 


148 


111  A])ril,  ix;)^,  liL-  returned  l<i  St.  Louis  and 
1)fcaiiK-  jirincipal  of  one  of  tlu-  public  scho(_)l.s, 
continuinji;  to  work  in  this  capacit}'  for  nine 
>-c-ars.  In  1.S47  he  accepted  the-  position  of 
City  ConijHroller,  an  office  he  liehl  with  great 
credit  to  himself  and  licuefit  to  tliecit>-  for  tliree 
>-ears. 

Ill  l.s.');;  he  was  ap])oiiited  h\  Sterling  Price, 
( "io\erui)r  of  Missouri,  as  aid-de-cainp  upon  his 
uiililary  staff,  with  the  rank  of  colonel.  In 
April,  IS.Vf,  he  was  appointed  postmaster  of 
St.  Jvouis  by  President  Pierce,  which  office 
Ik-   lu-ld   until    the    spring    of    ls."),s.      In   June, 


lie    was    a])])oi 


uted 


police   comuussioner 


till'  the  city  of  St.  Louis  bv  fyovernor  Wood- 
son, and  in  1^77  was  reappointed  to  the 
same  office  hy  (io\eriior  Phelps.  In  LS7(i  he 
was  a  member  of  the  Boaixl  of  Freeholders,  b\- 
which  the  present  citv  charter  was  framed. 

^'et  a  higher  pul)lic  honor  was,  however, 
reserved  for  Colonel  Armstrong  when,  in  1.S77, 
upon  the  death  of  Hon.  Lewis  \'.  Bogy,  he  was 
a]>poiiited  by  (loxenior  Phelps  as  United  States 
Senator,  to  llll  the  \acaiic\-  thus  caused.  He 
ser\ed  in  that  positicni  until  the  meeting  of  the 
Legislature  in  l.S7'.i. 

Duriiii:;  his  two  \ears  in  the  .Senate,  Mr.  Arui- 
slrong  ])r()\ed  himself  to  be  a  common-sense 
slalesinau.  The  interests  of  the  West  and  of 
-Missouri  were  constaiith'  before  his  mind,  and 
ahliough  he  ke])l  himself  comiiaratixely  in  the 
bickgrouud  in  matters  of  oratory,  he  was 
aKva\s  ])repared  to  speak  when  he  considered 
arguments  and  not  words  were  iiccessar\-. 

The  closing  years  of  Colonel  .Xruistrong's  life 
were  s]K-iit  in  ])ractical  retirenieiil  from  active 
wiirk,  but  he  was  looked  njion  as  a  philosopher 
and  a  friend,  and  his  adxice  was  sought  on  e\er\ 
occasion.  His  memor\-  was  remarkabh-  clear, 
and  he  was  regarded  by  members  of  the  local 
press  as  an  iiu'aluable  ail\-,  always  willing  to 
iiiil)an  infonnalion  and  to  exchange  contldences. 
He  was  iiatuiall\'  outs])okeii  and  perhaps 
aggressive  in  disposition,  but  his  criticisms  were 
always  kindly  lueaut,  and  he  never  had  au 
eiieiin-. 

The  M(ii;nz/nc  of  H'cs/cni  Ilistorw  in  a  char- 


acter   .sketch    of    this    grand    old   hero,   written 
about  two  )ears  jjrior  to  his  death,  said: 

"Few  men  who  are  now  counted  among  the 
honored  pioneers  of  St.  Louis  have  done  so 
much  useful  service,  in  a  modest  way,  for  the 
citv  and  State  as  Colonel  David  H.  Annstrone; 
and  certainly  none  stand  higher  in  the  general 
regard.  This  confidence  and  respect  ha\e  been 
won  by  a  half  century  of  service  in  variou.s 
fields,  where  his  talents  and  industry  have  been 
freely  given  for  the  u.se  of  all.  He  came  to  St. 
Louis  when  it  was  one  of  the  pioneer  settlements 
of  the  middle  West,  and  he  has  watched  it  grow 
to  its  i)resent  grand  proportions,  against  o])po- 
sitions,  forebodings,  years  of  apathv,  the  fluct- 
uating tide  of  ci\il  war,  and  the  rival  influence 
of  envious  neighbors.  He  has  rejoiced  in  that 
growth,  and  has  used  all  his  power  and  influence 
in  its  aid.  And  those  efforts  and  that  endeavor 
ha\e  been  appreciated;  and  altough  Colonel 
.\rmstrong  lias  never  been  a  seeker  for  office,  he 
has  been  called  again  and  again  to  the  adminis- 
tration of  ])ublic  trusts,  among  which  was  that 
of    United   States  Senator   from    ^Missouri. 

"While,  as  has  been  said.  Colonel  Armstrong 
has  never  been  an.\ious  as  a  seeker  after  office, 
he  has  been  called  to  the  discharge  of  various 
trusts  of  a  public  nature.  Since  early  manhood 
he  has  taken  a  deep  interest  in  political  affairs, 
and  has  e\er  been  an  active  worker  in  the 
ranks  of  the  Democratic  partv.  I'or  mam-  vears 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Deiiu>cratic  State  Cen- 
tral Committee,  and  for  much  of  the  ]ieriod  was 
chairman  of  that  body  and  a  leader  in  its  delib- 
erations. In  this  capacity  he  directed  the 
fusion  of  the  Democrats  and  Liberal  Republic- 
ans in  the  memorable  cainiiaign  of  1.S70;  a 
movement  which  resulted  in  the  election  of  the 
first  Democratic  State  administration  since  the 
war,  and  which  had  consequences  far  more  ini- 
portanl  than  the  mere  victory  of  a  political 
])arl\-,  for  it  led  to  the  re\ision  of  the  notorious 
'  Drake  Constitution,'  and  the  rein.statemcnt  of 
the  jieople  of  Missouri  in  the  full  employment 
of  their  political  rights,  besides  leading  to  the 
great  Liberal  Republican  movement  in  the  pres- 
ideiital  contest  of  l''<7'i." 


144 


OLD  AX  I)  XIAV  ST.   I. Of  IS. 


Anotlier  writer  says,  with  equal  force  and 
inilli: 

"Colonel  Arnistronij  looks  hack  npon  no  ])or- 
lion  of  his  career  with  more  satisfaction  than 
that  (luriui^  which  he  was  employed  as  a  public 
school  teacher,  and  he  regards  it  as  a  high  honor 
to  have  been  associated  so  prominentlv  with  the 
school  system  of  the  State  at  its  inception.  He 
possessed  inanv(|ualifications  of  the  good  teacher, 
and  his  counsels  were  freely  drawn  ujjon  to  aid 
in  the  extension  of  the  s)-stem  as  required  by 
the  growing  needs  of  the  city.  As  a  teacher  he 
was  vjery  successful,  and  among  his  pujiils  were 
many  who  afterwards  became  conspicuous  and 
are  numbered  among  the  representative  wealtlu' 
citizens  of  St.  Louis.  These  all  cherish  the 
highest  regard  and  the  warmest  affection  for 
their  faithful  instructor." 

Crow,  \V.\vm.\x,  a  noble  son  of  noble  parents, 
was  born  in  the  year  ISOS  in  Hartford,  Ken- 
tucky. His  father  was  a  native  of  \'irginia,  and 
his  mother  was  a  Miss  ]Mary  Way,  of  Anne 
Arundel  county,  Maryland.  The  Crows  came 
originally  from  the  North  of  Ireland,  and  the 
Waymans  from  England.  Mr.  and  ^Irs.  Crow 
had  twelve  children,  of  whom  the  man  who 
became  such  a  benefactor  to  St.  Louis  was  the 
youngest.  At  the  age  of  seven  the  latter  went 
to  the  district  school  of  Hopkinsville,  Christian 
county,  Kentuck\-,  and  for  four  \ears  he  was 
instructed  in  a  little  log  cabin  which  did  dut\- 
for  a  school-house. 

At  the  age  of  twelve  young  \Va\inan  was 
apprenticed  to  a  general  store  in  Hopkinsville, 
where  for  five  years  he  worked  for  his  board  and 
lodging.  The  latter  consisted  of  a  cot  in  the 
counting-room,  and  his  dut\-  included  kindling 
fires,  carrying  water  from  the  sjiring  and  doing 
general  duty  in  the  way  of  sweeping  and  clean- 
ing. Before  his  term  of  apprenticeship  was  out 
he  was  transferred  to  the  firm  of  Anderson  &: 
Auterbery,  by  whom  he  was  entrusted  with  the 
chief  control  of  the  business.  His  apprentice- 
ship over,  he  was  employed  at  a  salary  of  SHOO 
a  year,  and  later  was  placed  in  charge  of  a 
branch  office  at  Cadiz,   in  Trigjj    countv,   Kv. 


.Although  but  eighteen  \ears  of  age  he  man- 
aged the  branch  to  good  ad\antage,  and  tinalK- 
when  his  employers  mo\-ed  to  Pittsburgh,  they 
sold  out  their  old  business  to  their  young  assist- 
ant. ( )n  Januarx-  1,  \>^-l\\  he  started  in  busi- 
ness for  himself,  owing  his  former  em])lo\-ers 
about  !*;'), 000,  to  be  paid  in  six,  twehe  and  fifteen 
months.  As  he  was  a  legal  infant,  his  notes 
constituted  debts  of  honor  onl\  ,  but  from  his 
boyhood  up  Mr.  Crow's  word  was  as  good  as  his 
bond,  and  he  discharged  the  obligations  before 
they  matured. 

In  November,  182!t,  Mr.  Crow  married  .Miss 
Isabella  B.  Conn,  daughter  of  Ca])tain  Conn,  of 
I'niontown,  Kentucky.  Nine  children  were  the 
result  of  his  marriage,  of  whom  four  li\ed  to 
manhood  and  womanhood. 

lu  l.S2(;,  when  but  nineteen  years  of  age,  he 
was  appointed  postmaster  of  Cadiz,  and  in  other 
ways  his  merit  was  recognized  and  a])]H-oved. 
In  \>^',V.y  he  started  out  on  a  tour  of  inspection  in 
search  of  a  better  location,  and  arriving  in  St. 
Louis  was  accidently  detained  here  by  a  severe 
illness,  and  thus  by  chance,  or  rather  dispen- 
sation of  Providence,  this  noble  character  was 
given  to  this  city.  Starting  in  business  under 
the  name  of  Crow  &  Tevis,  the  firm  gradually 
grew,  known  by  the  names  of  Crow,  McCreerv  iS: 
Company,  Crow-Hargadine  &  Company,  and 
more  recently  the  Hargadine-McKittrick  Dry 
Goods  Company.  Por  uearK  lialf  a  ceulur\-  the 
founder  continued  at  its  head,  and  through  all 
the  financial  storms  of  that  period  he  maintained 
its  high  rej)utation  and  credit.  The  ])anic  of 
1857  so  hampered  the  house  that  insolvency 
seemed  ine\itable.  Instead  of  making  an  assign- 
ment and  evading  liability,  a  circular  was  sent 
out  containing  this  sentence: 

"To  us,  our  commercial  honor  is  as  dear  as 
our  li\es;  to  preser\e  it,  we  are  prepared  to 
make  any  j^ecuuiary  sacrifice  short  of  impairing 
our  ability  to  pav  ultiuiatcK-  ever\-  dollar  we 
owe." 

The  result  was  exact  1\'  what  might  be  expected, 
and  every  dollar  was  paid  without  dela\-.  P'rom 
1.S40  to  PS.'iO  Mr.  Crow  was  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  Chamber  of  Commerce,  and  he  was  twice 


^air«f 


\'^" 


lUocN.iriin  Ai.  APPiixnix. 


1 1." 


sent  to  tlic  State  Senate.  In  l.s.')((  lie  aided  in 
securinsj;  tlie  cliarters  of  the  Hannil)al  .\:  St. 
Jose])li,  and  .Missonri  Pacific  railroads,  beino- 
one  of  the  oris^inal  contributors  to  tlie  ?  10(1, ()()() 
fund  for  the  latter  road.  He  also  obtained  the 
charter  of  the  St.  Louis  Asylum  for  tlie  lilind, 
and  of  the  Mercantile  Librar\-  Hall  Ciini])an\-, 
and  in  hundreds  of  other  \va\s  his  zeal  for  j^ood 
for  the  city  was  nuiuifest.  Professor  Water- 
house,  towards  the  end  of  Mr.  Crow's  life, 
wrote  an  excellent  sketch  of  his  career  which, 
coniinsj;  from  a  man  who  had  been  intimately 
acquainted  with  him  for  so  many  years,  is  of  ex- 
ce])tional  \alue.  P'roni  it  we  quote  as  follows: 
"Mr.  Crow  lias  always  been  an  actixe  sniijiorter 
of  the  ])ul)lic  schools,  but  his  tjifts  to  Washing- 
tun  rni\ersit\'  are  his  most  iinjxjrtant  coutribu- 
tiiiiisto  the  cause  of  education.  He  uia\  indeed 
be  called  the  founder  of  that  institution,  inas- 
uiucli  as  he  was  the  first  to  conceive  the  idea  of 
a  uui\ersit\-  and  to  eiubodx'  that  idea  in  an 
orj;anic  form.  In  the  winter  of  IS."),!,  duriu}; 
his  last  term  <>f  service  in  the  Senate,  without 
consultation  with  an\-  one,  he  drafted,  intro- 
duced and  secured  the  passage  of  the  charter  of 
Washington  l'uiversit\'.  In  the  remarks  which 
Mr.  Crow  made  at  the  festival  held  on  the  2i'd 
of  .\pril,  l>iSL',  in  commemoration  of  the 
Iweiitx-fifth  anniversar\-  of  the  foundation  of 
Washington    rui\-crsity,    he  used  these  words: 

"  '.Vlinost  thirt\  \  ears  ago,  near  the  close  of 
iu\  last  senalinial  term  of  ofTice,  wilhcmt  con- 
sultatiiin  with  others,  I  drew  ii])  and  introduced 
into  the  vSenate  the  charter  of    this  institution. ' 

"  The  catholic  provisions  of  that  instrument, 
its  clear  recognition  of  the  literar\-  wants  of 
St.  Louis,  its  absolute  ])rohil)ition  of  ]xirtisan 
politics  or  sectarian  religion  in  the  adminislra- 
lion  of  the  nni\ersit\',  attest  the  liberalitx  and 
practical  sagacit\'  of  the  mind  that  concei\'ed  it. 
In  June,  1>>7.">,  lie  ga\e  .S'J.'), ()()()  to  the  uuiver- 
sit\  for  the  indownient  of  the  jirofessorshi])  of 
]ih\sics.  The  total  anionnt  of  his  eudownKiU 
is  more  than  sl'Ou.diii). 

"  ( )u  the  isl  (i|  March,  I'^TS,  W.i\  m.in  Crow, 
jr.,  ilii,-d  in  Li.'auiinglou,  IuiL;l.ind.  In  tin- 
following  sniunier  his  father,  with  tin-  ap]U'o\al 
10 


of  his  family,  decided  to  erect  a  memorial  art 
museum.  A  lot  V-iO  feet  in  front  and  l.")0  feet 
in  depth,  situated  at  the  corner  of  Lucas  Place 
and  Nineteenth  street  was  bonglit  in  February, 
I'STll.  The  work  of  construction  was  at  once 
begun.  The  edifice  was  formally  dedicated  on 
the  KHh  of  May,  I^Sl,  and  conveyed  by  deed  to 
Washington  Universit\-,  on  the  sole  condition 
that  twenty-five  thousand  dollars  should  be 
raised  as  a  permanent  fund,  the  interest  of  which 
should  be  expended  for  works  of  art  for  the 
museum. 

"  The  total  cost  of  the  ground  and  building 
was  about  s1;).'),()(M).  TJie  .St.  Louis  Museum  of 
Fine  .\rts  is  a  superb  structure.  Tasteful,  well 
built  and  admirabh-  adapted  to  the  n.se  of  an  art 
gallery,  it  is  at  once  a  beautiful  memorial  of  a 
beloved  son  and  a  lasting  nionnuient  of  the 
beneficent  public  spirit  of  the  father. 

"  During  liis  life  the  aggregate  of  Mr.  Crow's 
gifts  to  his  church,  to  Wasliington  I'liiversitv, 
to  the  support  of  the  L'nion  during  the  civil  war, 
to  private  charities  and  public  enter])rises,  must 
have  amounted  to  SHOO, (»()().  Though  a  man 
of  wealth,  Mr.  Crow  is  not  a  millionaire.  Tliat 
he,  while  vet  living  and  still  exposed  to  the 
hazards  of  business,  should  from  a  comparatively 
moderate  fortune  de\ote  so  large  a  sum  to  pub- 
lic munificence  is  proof  of  a  liberality  as  rare 
as  it  is  noble.  To  give  away  money  which  the 
owner  can  no  longer  use  is  not  the  highest  ex- 
ercise of  bene\-oleuce;  but  to  forestall  death  and 
become  the  executor  of  his  own  legacies  is  the 
act  of  an  enlightened  and  self-denying  bene- 
factor. 

"  Mr.  Crow  is  a  man  of  eminent  usefulness, 
h'or  his  honorable  services  in  mercantile  life,  in 
]M)litical  trusts,  in  ])ublic  enterprises,  in  educa- 
tional \\<irk  and  in  ]ni\ate  charitv,  St.  Louis 
will  long  cherish  the  memory  of  its  dis- 
tinguished benefactor." 

Mr.  Wayman  Crow  died  in  the  spring  of  ISS.'), 
after  a  life  of  jirolonged  usefulness.  Shakes- 
peare speaks,  half  in  sarcasm,  of  the  necessity-  of 
a  man  l)uilding  his  own  monument  if  he  wishes 
lo  be  remembered  after  his  death.  Vnw  men 
have  erected   more    useful   monuments  in    their 


146 


( )/./)  AND  NH  W  S r.   I.O(  -IS. 


life-liinc  lliaii  .Mr.  Crow,  and  the  St.  Loui.s  .\rt 
School,  in  the  elej^ant  home  which  he  erected 
for  it,  will  kec]!  his  name  familiar  with  students 
and  artists  ijenerally  for  a.tjes  to  come. 

(tKKKI.KV,  Caki.os  vS.,  son  of  lienjamin  and 
Rebecca  (Whitcher)  Greeley,  was  born  at  Salis- 
bury, New  Hampshire,  in  ISll.  His  father 
was  a  farmer,  and  dnriny  the  summer  of  each 
\ear  he  worked  on  the  farm  and  only  attended 
school  during  the  winter  months.  Later  he 
attended  a  higher  school  at  Salisbury,  and  on 
the  whole  recei\'ed  an  education  abo\e  the  aver- 
age of  his  neighbors. 

His  first  business  position  was  as  clerk  in  the 
retail  store  of  Pettingill  &  vSanborn,  at  Brock- 
port,  New  York,  remaining  here  as  clerk  for 
two  years,  and  then  borrowing  from  his  father 
suflficient  money  to  purchase  a  quarter  share  in 
the  business.  The  business  prospered,  and  the 
partnership  continued  until  \>>'M\,  when  they 
sold  out  and  Mr.  Sanborn  mo\-ed  to  St.  Louis. 
Young  Greeley  remained  behind,  but  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  followed  his  partner  to  this  city, 
and  in  March,  1H;38,  entered  into  the  wholesale 
grocery  business  with  Mr.  Sanborn. 

They  commenced  business  on  the  Levee  on  a 
very  small  scale,  and  soon  after  the  opening,  ^Ir. 
(rale,  an  old  friend  of  the  partners,  bought  out 
;\Ir.  Sanborn's  interest,  and  the  firm  became 
known  as  Greeley  &  Gale.  In  IS.'iS  Mr.  C.  B. 
Burnham  was  admitted  into  the  firm,  which 
then  became  C.  B.  Burnham  &.  Company,  re- 
maining thus  for  eighteen  years,  when  it  was 
again  changed  to  Greeley,  Burnham  &  Company, 
and  in  l>*7fl  the  firm  was  incorporated  as  the 
Greeley-Burnham  Grocer  Company,  with  Mr. 
C.  S.  Greeley  as  president;  C.  B.  Burnham,  vice- 
president;  Dwight  Tredway,  secretary;  C.  B. 
Greeley,  treasurer,  and  .\.  H.  Gale,  assistant 
secretary-. 

In  May,  IM';'.,  the  Greele\--Burnham  Grocer 
Company,  and  the  firm  of  K.  G.  Scudder  & 
Brother  were  consolidated,  and  a  new  corpora- 
tion formed,  known  as  the  Scudder-Gale  Grocer 
Company.  This  establishment,  under  Mr.  Gree- 
ley's management,  became  known  as  one  of  the 


largest  wholesale  grocery  houses  in  the  Lniled 
States  and  enjoyed  the  confidence  of  an  unlim- 
ited numl)er  of  St.  Louis  merchants.  The 
career  of  the  house  was  an  almost  uniforuih- 
])ros]icrous  one.  In  February,  IS.SI,  it  was 
burned  out,  and  although  the  loss  was  a  heavy 
one,  the  calamity  had  the  result  of  causing 
C.  S.  Greeley  to  erect  at  the  corner  of  Lucas 
avenue  and  Second  street,  a  fi\e-story  brick 
structure  with  a  floor  room  of  over  li  l,nn(i  s(juare 
feet,  making  on  the  whole  one  of  the  most  per- 
fectly arranged  wholesale  grocery  establishments 
in  the  world,  capable  of  carr\ing  a  stock  of 
between  !?.S()(),()(l(l  and  ^=4(10,(1(1(1  in  value,  and 
rated  as  high  as  any  firm  of  its  kind  in  this  sec- 
tion of  the  country. 

]\Ir.  Grcelev's  entire  attention  has  nt)t,  however, 
been  devoted  to  the  wholesale  grocery  business, 
for  during  the  last  fift\--four  years  he  has  been 
connected  with  nearly  all  the  great  movements 
which  woidd  conspire  to  make  St.  Louis  great. 
He  was  one  of  the  first  of  the  subscribers  to  the 
Kansas  &.  Pacific  Railroad,  and  for  several  years 
was  its  treasurer;  also  a  director  of  the  Missouri 
Pacific  Railroad.  He  is  president  of  the  .Madison 
Countv  Ferrv  Company ;  also  vice-president  of  the 
Union  Trust  Companv;  president  of  the  Wash- 
ington Land  and  Mining  Company,  and  director 
of  the  Union  Mining  and  Smelting  Company; 
he  is  also  director  in  the  Boatmen's  Bank;  he  is  a 
director  in  the  Crystal  Plate  Glass  Company 
and  the  State  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  the 
Greeley  Mining  Company  of  Colorado,  and  many 
other  \-ery  important  concerns;  he  was  for  a 
period  of  nine  }-ears  a  member  of  the  Public 
School  Board  of  Education,  and  made  one  of  the 
best  presidents  it  ever  had  during  his  year  as 
chairman.  He  is  an  active  member  of  the  Sec- 
ond Presbyterian  Church,  and  is  also  a  trustee 
in  the  T^indenwood  Seminary  at  St.  Charles, 
Missouri,  and  of  the  Washington  University. 

Mr.  (ireeley  is  now  eight\'-three  years  of  age, 
but  he  is  a  strong  and  active  man,  and  is  still 
consulted  on  matters  of  special  importance  in 
connection  with  the  firm.  In  years  gone  by  his 
work  as  a  philanthropist  has  been  most  success- 
ful, and  his  name  is  honorablv   connected  with 


BIOGRAPIIICAl.  APPRNDIX. 


147 


llif  St)klifrs'  HoiiiL'  of  St.  Louis,  and  se\'eral 
otlier  most  iin])orlant  concerns  of  tliis  kind. 
He  was  always  called  upon  to  act  as  treasurer 
in  work  of  this  description,  and  he  kept  his 
accounts  as  carefulK'  as  in  his  own  business. 
As  treasurer  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion, i?771,l)()()  passed  thron.y;h  his  liands,  over 
three-fourths  of  this  amount  being  raised  at  the 
Mississippi  \'alle\'  Sanitar\'  Fair  in  Ma\',  l!S()4. 
When  tlie  commission  concluded  its  labors  and 
issued  its  last  re]">ort,  it  concluded  with  the 
sentence:  "Us  tunds  luu'e  been  ke])t,  and  its 
finances  managed  with  great  care,  faithfulness 
and  good  judgment  b\'  its  treasurer,  Carlos  vS. 
(ireeley." 

In  bs  1 1  he  married  .Miss  Kmil\-  Robbins, 
Hartford,  Connecticut.  He  has  had  two  chil- 
dren, one  of  whom,  Mr.  C.  B.  (rreeley,  is  now 
treasurer  of  the  (ireeIe\-Hurnham  (irocer  Com- 
pan\  ,  while  his  daughter  is  the  wife  of  Dwight 
Tredway,  the  secretary  ;',ud  managing  jiartuer 
of  the  same  establishment. 

Tr'i'T,  TiKiMAS  Iv,  is  another  St.  Louisan 
who  has  grown  gray  in  his  zeal  for  the  city's 
good.  Xo  man  than  he  has  a  higher  reputation 
for  stern  business  rectitude  and  for  foresight  and 
good  judgment.  In  e\er\-  walk  of  life  he  has 
])ro\ed  wortln  of  trusts  bestowed  in  him,  and  as 
recei\er  of  the  Wabash  Railroad  his  record  has 
been  remarkable.  lie  is  now  se\'entN-one  years 
of  age,  ha\iug  been  born  in  Luray,  Page  county, 
N'irgiuia,  on  October  !>,  1.S2-2.  The  'Putts  were 
\er\  ])romiuent  in  N'irgiuia,  and  his  latlu'r,  Dr. 
Crabriel  'Putt,  was  a  well-known  and  liighly- 
res]iected  ]ih\sician. 

b'or  a  short  time  he  attended  school  in  liis 
nati\i'  (,'ouutv,  but  before  he  was  thirteen  \ears 
of  age  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Tnll  rcnio\'ed  to  Cooper 
counlx',  Missouri,  and  it  was  in  this  State  that 
yt)ung  Tutl  completed  his  education  and  com- 
menced aeli\e  life.  (  )n  lea\ing  school  he  ob- 
tained a  situation  as  store-clerk,  recei\'ing  but 
a  nominal  salary  in  addition  to  his  board  for  the 
first  \ear's  ser\ice.  He  did  not  limit  his  efforts 
b\-  the  anionut  of  his  vennineralion,  and  he 
ad\anci.-d    so   va])idl\    in    the    estimation    of    his 


em])Ioyers  that  his  salary  was  increased  from 
time  to  time  and  he  was  gi\-en  eyer\-  facility  for 
learning  the  details  of  the  business. 

He  was  not  built  for  a  .store-clerk,  and  he  saved 
so  carefully  that  by  the  time  he  was  twenty-two 
years  of  age  he  had  a  thousand  dollars  to  his 
credit.  With  a  friend  and  school-mate,  .Mr.  L. 
S.  ;\Ienefee,  he  then  ojiened  a  general  store  at 
Camden,  Ra\-  county,  .Missouri,  the  st\-le  of  the 
business  being  Tutt  iS:  Menefee.  For  four  years 
this  continued  to  be  profitable  to  both  parties, 
and  in  l'S4.S  Mr.  Tutt  decided  to  move  to  a  more 
important  center  and  engage  more  vigorouslv  in 
mercantile  pursuits.  \'er)-  fortunateh'  for  vSt. 
Louis,  he  selected  this  cit\-  for  his  purpose,  and 
associated  himself   with    Mr.  James  vS.  Watson. 

The  firm  was  known  as  Tutt  6c  Watson,  and 
the  joint  capital  of  the  young  partners  was  nine 
thousand  dollars.  The  wholesale  boot  and  shoe 
business,  in  which  it  was  engaged,  ])royed  very 
successful,  but  at  the  end  of  five  years  the  credit 
feature  became  more  prominent  than  Mr.  Tutt 
desired,  and  at  his  request  the  partnership  was 
dissolved,  the  sum  of  eight\-fonr  thousand 
dollars  being  available  for  distribution.  Mr. 
Tutt  was  then  but  little  over  thirty  \-ears  of  age, 
and  his  success  had  been  phenomenal,  especially 
as  lie  had  commenced  without  ca])ital  and  with- 
out an\'   special  backing. 

His  next  undertaking  was  in  the  wholesale 
grocer\'  and  commission  business,  the  firm  name 
being  Humphreys,  Tutt  .X:  Kerry.  This  was 
also  ver\-  successful,  but  in  1S.")S  Mr.  Tutt  re- 
tired owing  to  ill  health,  taking  a  year's  rest. 
In  b^."i!i  he  opened  a  wholesale  commission  busi- 
ness, dealing  chiefly  in  products  and  importa- 
tions coming  through  New  ( )rleans.  Shortly 
l)efoi-i.'  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  his  brother,  Mr. 
D.  J.  Tutl,  and  Mr.  John  K.  Haker  were  brought 
into  tin.-  lirni,  which  became  known  as  Thomas 
1",.  Tutl  X;  Coni])an\'.  Its  operations  were  very 
largel\-  extended,  and  it  became  one  of  the  larg- 
est wholesale  commission   firms  in   tliis  section. 

Mr.  Tutt's  connection  with  lliis  house  con- 
tinued until  i'^^til,  when  he  withdrew,  and 
a.ssociating  himself  witli  liis  brother  and  Mr.  R. 
W.  Donald,   of  St.  Joseph,    Mi.ssouri,   he  estab- 


I  IS 


(V,/)  ./.w  AY:'//'  sv.  /.or/s. 


lislied  a  iiiercaiUili.-  lioiisc  in  X'iit^inia  City, 
Montana.  TIk-  foilnwin^-  \car  his  pliysician 
advised  liiiu  to  540  to  tlie  Rockx-  .Monntains  for 
his  liealtli,  and  on  the  14th  of  April  of  that  year 
he,  in  cuniinuu  with  his  hrolher,  I),  (i.  Tnll, 
and  yunnij  Rollins,  of  Colunil^ia,  Missouri,  em- 
barked oil  a  stern-wheel  boat  at  St.  Joseph. 
.\fter  a  vovajje  of  ei.y;ht\ -two  (la\s  up  the  ri\-er, 
lhe\'  arri\-e(l  at  the  settlenienl  Innn  which  the 
town  of  Helena,  Montana,  has  since  j^rown. 

There  were  then,  abont  thirt\-  }ears  a.ii;o,  more 
tents  than  houses  on  the  townsite,  l)Ut  this  did 
not  deter  Mr.  Tutt  from  his  enterprise,  and  the 
tirm  of  Tutt  S:  Donald  was  established  as  a 
mercantile  and  bankiuj^  house,  with  a  branch  at 
Deer  Lodj^c.  The  acKeuturcs  of  the  tri])  and  of 
the  early  days  in  ^loutana  pro\ed  beneficial  to 
Mr.  Tutt,  wdiose  health  gradually  impro\ed,  and 
who  escaped  the  vengeance  of  the  Blackfeet 
Indians,  who  were  apt  to  put  on  the  war-])aint 
at  the  least  provocation. 

There  was  a  great  deal  of  suffering  during  the 
winter  of  |S(;.')-(),  when  an  imniense  number  of 
those  wdio  took  part  in  the  rush  to  the  Sun  River 
mines  were  badly  frozen.  Many  of  these  were 
from  the  same  State  as  Mr.  Tutt  himself,  and 
starting  a  subscription  list  with  a  most  liberal 
donation,  he  established  a  hospital  which  took 
care  of  the  sufferers.  The  counties  of  Lewis 
and  Clark,  Montana,  have  continued  the  hospital 
ever  since,  and  it  is  still  carr\ing  out  the  original 
ideas  of  the  promoters.  In  the  following  fall 
Mr.  Tutt,  accom])anied  b\-  Mr.  Rollins,  went  to 
Fort  Benton,  where  in  a  large  open  boat,  with 
thirteen  .Missouriaus  for  a  crew,  they  started  for 
Cow  Island.  In  this  frail  boat  there  was  more 
than  a  quarter  of  a  million  dollars,  Mr.  Tutt 
alone  having  with  liiiu  >!-22,0()()  in  gold  dust. 
There  was,  of  course,  considerable  danger  of  be- 
ing captured  by  Indians,  but  the  road  agents 
were  so  busy  at  that  lime  that  this  tri]-)  was  pre- 
ferable to  a  stage-coach  ride. 

In  1.S70  Mr.  Tutt  returned  to  St.  Louis,  where 
he  resumed  the  financial  connections  he  had  had 
prior  to  establishing  those  in  .Montana.  Six- 
teen years  before  he  had  been  elected  by  the 
State  Legislature  a  director  of  the  Bank  of  the 


.Slate  of  Missouri,  a  ])osition  he  held  (ov  eleven 
\ears,  when  his  ^Montana  business  comi)elled 
him  to  resign.  During  his  term  of  office  he  was 
rcsponsililc  for  the  legislation  which  legalized 
the  temporary  suspension  of  specie  payment  on 
the  outbreak  of  the  war,  and  thus  enabled  the 
bank  to  escape  the  legal  interference  which 
would  otherwise  ha\e  been  inevitable. 

.Shortly  after  returning  fr<_)m  Montana,  he 
associated  himself  with  .Mr.  James  .M.  Francis- 
cus  and  founded  the  Haskell  Bank,  of  which  he 
became  first  president.  He  also  served  as  di- 
rector of  the  Lucas  Bank,  and  in  1^77  accepted 
the  presidency  of  the  Third  National  Bank,  hold- 
ing the  office  for  twelve  years,  .\fter  serving  for 
several  \-ears  as  director  of  the  Wabash,  St. 
Louis  &.  Pacific  Railroad,  he  was  in  May,  1.S.S4, 
appointed  one  of  the  receivers  of  the  road, 
accepting  the  largest  trust  ever  recorded. 

It  would  be  a  mistake  to  suppose  that  Mr. 
Tutt  has  devoted  his  entire  energies  to  mone\'- 
making.  As  president  of  the  Board  of  Trustees 
of  the  Missouri  Institution  for  the  Blind,  he 
gave  that  institution  the  full  benefit  of  his  sound 
business  knowledge,  and  for  at  least  fort\'  vears 
he  has  su]5ported  every  project  which  he  re- 
garded as  />i>!/ii  //'//(■  and  for  the  cit\'s  good. 
His  interest  in  the  .Mercantile  Library  .\sso- 
ciation  has  alwa\sbeen  great,  and  he  was  at  one 
time  its  president. 

Having  an  unbounded  faith  in  the  future  of 
St.  Louis,  he  has  invested  heavily  in  real  estate, 
and  has  erected  several  costly  buildings,  includ- 
ing the  Simmons  hardware  establishment,  on 
Ninth  and  Washington  avenue.  He  has  retained 
throughout  his  lengtlu'  career  a  kind,  genial 
disposition,  and  in  his  prosperitv  he  has  never 
forgotten  those  friends  of  his  youth  who  have 
not  climbed  the  ladder  so  rapidly  as  he  has  done. 
Starting  out  without  capital,  he  has  made  for 
himself  a  uniciue  position,  not  only  in  the  local 
world,  but  also  in  national  railroad  circles,  and 
his  name  is  held  in  high  admiration  by  all. 

In  I'Sii,")  he  married  the  eldest  daughter  of  Dr. 
James  H.  Bennett,  and  the  niece  of  Hon.  James 
S.  Rollins,  of  Columbia,  Missouri.  The  lady 
died  at   Cleveland,   Ohio,   in  September,  18(54. 


II IOC.  R.  WHICH.  APPI^XD/X. 


149 


Seven  years  later,  on  December  ."),  ISTl,  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Sallie  R.  Rodes,  daunlitci  of  Cdloiu-l 
Clillim  Rixles,  of  I)an\ille,  Kfntnck\-,  1)\'  wliom 
he  liad  two  dau.i^hters,  wlio  are  now  com]iletin,y 
their  edncation  in  New  York. 

KKAN'CiScrs,  Jamks  M.,  son  of  John  and 
.Mary  (Thompson)  Franciscus,  was  l)orn  June 
'2'),  l.sdii,  at  I>altimore,  Maryland.  He  received 
a  very  i^ood  edncation  in  a  pri\-ate  school  at 
Ilaltiuiore,  under  the  tuition  of  Rc\-.  Mr.  (rib- 
son,  and  soon  after 
leavintj  sch  o  ol  he 
went  into  the  bro- 
kera<;(.-  l)nsincss  on 
his  own  account, 
hnyini;-  and  sellino; 
uncurrent  nu)ney. 

In  1  >>'M\^  when  he 
was  Iwentv-seven 
years  of  a^e,  he  re- 
moved to  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  where 
he  established  a 
similar  business  and 
continued  until 
1><4().  Me  then  came 
to  St .  Louis  and 
joined  his  brother, 
.Mr.  John  'P.  Fran- 
ciscus, the  two  es- 
tablishiuL^lhe  bauk- 
\\\^^  bus  i  ness  o  f 
I'Vanciscus  t<:  Com- 
])an\-,  on  .Maiustreet, 

four  doors  north  of  ()live  street.  Fifty  years 
a,i:;o  Main  street  was,  of  course,  the  jirincipal 
thor(ni<^hfare  of  thecit\',  and  the  firm  did  a  \ery 
substantial  business  within  si.<;hl  of  the  ri\er. 

In  l''^ll,  Mr.  J.  M.  iManciscus  went  to  Xew 
Orleans,  where  he  embarked  in  the  brokerage 
business  alone,  but  returned  to  St.  Louis  three 
years  later,  and  went  once  more  into  the  bank- 
int^-  birsjiiess,  this  time  as  a  meudier  of  the  house 
of  Ceori^e  Iv.  H.  (»ra\-  ^c  Company,  the  firm 
beini:;  composed  of  Mr.  {ira\  and  himsilt,  and 
.Messrs.  Stiphen    Ilaskill   and   (ieorge  (i.    Pres- 


JA.MKS  A\.   I-RANCISCUS. 


bury,  Jr.  The  firm  continued  as  thus  composed 
until  1H')2,  when  Mr.  Franciscus  with  Mr.  Has- 
kell and  Mr.  John  II.  Hillings,  established  the 
baukin.ii;^  firm  of  Haskell  &,  Company. 

This  bank  was  a  very  sound  one,  and  enjoyed 
the  confidence  of  the  entire  city  and  vicinity. 
Messrs.  Haskell  and  Billings  retiring  from  active 
business,  ]\Ir.  Franciscus  continued  under  the 
same  name,  and  in  lS(i;}  he  admitted  into  j^art- 
nerslii])  with  him  Messrs.  Eilward  (i.  Moses  and 
.Steward  Steel,  who   had   been   employed   in  the 

bank  in  a  clerical 
capacity.  The  firm 
dissol\-ed  in  INTO, 
when  the  Haskell 
Hank  was  incorpo- 
rated, with  Thomas 
E.  Tutt  as  president, 
and  Mr.  Franciscus 
as  vice-president. 

For  two  years  the 
bank  continued 
without  losing  a  dol- 
lar in  a  single  trans- 
action, and  in  1^72 
it  closed  out  its  busi- 
ness and  sold  its 
good-will  to  the 
Lucas  Hank,  which 
occupied  the  same 
quarters  and  at  once 
selected  Mr.  I'ran- 
ciscus  as  director. 
Mr.  Franciscus  had 
intended  to  retire 
from  acti\e  banking  business,  and  the  election 
was  without  his  knowledge  and  a  great  sur- 
juise  to  him.  Recognizing  in  it  an  act  of 
courtesv  and  a  distinct  \ole  of  confidence,  he 
consented  to  remain  on  the  board. 

He  was  then  asked  to  become  president  of  the 
bank,  but  at  first  refused,  only  yielding  ulti- 
mateK  on  the  strong  atul  unanimous  pressure  of 
the  directors.  He  accepted  the  pcsition  as 
president  and  held  the  office  for  two  \ears,  when 
he  recommended  the  winding  up  of  the  Inisi- 
ness,  which  was  agreed  to.      The  bank  had  paid 


l.-)(l 


OLD  AXn  XEW  ST.   l.Ol'IS. 


animal  di\i(k'uds  of  from  six  to  ei,i(ht  per  cent, 
and  when  its  business  was  finally  closed,  re- 
turned to  its  stockholders  $1111  to  $120  for  every 
Sl(M)  worth  of  stock.  Under  the  arranijemeiits 
made  by  Mr.  Franciscus  and  the  board  of  di- 
rectors, all  the  accounts  were  transferred  to  the 
Mechanics'  Bank,  and  the  chantje  was  effected 
without  difficulty  or  annoyance  to  an\-  one. 

Mr.  Franciscus'  able  bank  management  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  the  Tliird  National 
Hank,  which  in  ISSO  persuaded  him  to  accept 
its  vice-presidency,  a  position  he  held  until 
l<'<''<7,wheu,  owing  to  advancing  years,  he  insisted 
on  retiring  from  active  work.  Mr.  F'ranciscus 
is  now  eighty-four  years  of  age,  but  he  still  en- 
joys good  health  and  is  in  full  enjoyment  of  all 
his  faculties.  He  was  actively  engaged  in  the 
brokerage  business  and  the  banking  business  for 
upwards  of  fifty-five  years,  and  saw  all  the  lead- 
ing revolutions  in  the  banking  system  of  the 
last  half  century. 

He  is  a  financier  of  marked  ability,  and  hav- 
ing come  to  St.  Louis  when  it  was  little  more 
than  a  frontier  village,  he  has  watched  its 
growth  into  a  metropolitan  city  with  great  in- 
terest, and  he  is  one  of  the  men  who  have  con- 
tributed to  its  establishment  on  a  sound  finan- 
cial basis,  which  it  is  acknowledged  to  possess 
to-day,  and  to  build  up  for  its  banking  institu- 
tions a  name  and  standing  unexcelled  by  those 
of  any  city  in  the  Union. 

He  married  in  the  year  1S(U,  Mrs.  William 
Wade,  of  St.  Louis. 

Sh.\pleigh,  Augustus  Frederick,  is  a  na- 
tive of  New  Hampshire,  and  was  born  in  Ports- 
mouth, on  January-  9,  1810.  His  family,  of 
English  lineage,  emigrated  to  this  country  in  the 
interests  of  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges  and  Captain 
John  Mason,  in  the  year  It)^.").  They  settled 
in  the  Colony  of  Massachusetts,  at  Kitterv  Point, 
on  the  river  Piscataqua  ( now  in  the  State  of 
Maine),  and  in  the  ^lassachusetts  court  records 
is  the  following  entry: 

"Forasmuch  as  the  house  at  the  river's  mouth 
where  Mr.  Shapleigh  first  built,  and  Hilton  now 
dwelleth;  in  regard  it  was  first  house  ther  bvlt." 


-Alexander  Sha])leigh,  merchant  and  shij)- 
owner  of  Totnes,  Devon,  had  this  distinction, 
and  he  was  the  progenitor  of  all  of  this  name  in 
America.  In  the  early  days  many  important 
trusts  under  the  British  crown  were  held  by  his 
descendants,  and  portions  of  his  possessions  are 
still  owned  by  members  of  the  family,  represent- 
ing a  tenure  of  more  than  2.')0  years — something 
quite  uiuisual  in  this  land  of  rapid  changes. 

Mr.  Shapleigh's  father,  Richard  Waldrou,  was 
also  a  ship-owner,  and  was  lost  with  his  ship 
Granville  off  Rye  Beach,  when  returning 
with  a  \aluable  cargo.  This  disaster  left  the 
family  in  reduced  circumstances  financially,  and 
Augustus,  a  mere  boy  of  fourteen,  was  compelled 
to  take  a  clerkship  in  a  hardware  store  in  Ports- 
mouth at  a  salary  of  S50  per  annum,  and  boarded 
himself.  He  continued  at  this  for  about  a  year 
and  then  embarked  in  a  sailor's  life,  making 
several  European  voyages  which  consumed  three 
years  of  his  time. 

At  the  earnest  solicitation  of  his  mother  and 
sisters  he  was  induced  to  leave  the  sea,  and 
re-entered  the  hardware  store  in  which  he  first 
served,  continuing  there  some  years,  when  he 
accepted  a  position  with  Rogers  Brothers  &  Com- 
pany, an  old  and  well  established  hardware 
house  of  Philadelphia.  With  this  firm  he  was 
connected  until  1S4;^,  having  obtained  therein  an 
interest  as  junior  partner  and  a  promising  .start 
in  business. 

Desiring  to  enlarge  their  operations,  the  firm 
determined  to  open  a  branch  establishment  at 
St.  Louis,  and  there  in  1843  Mr.  Shapleigh 
opened  the  hardware  house  of  Rogers,  Shapleigh 
&  Company.  At  the  death  of  Mr.  Rogers, 
which  occurred  not  long  after,  Mr.  Thomas  D. 
Day  was  admitted,  and  the  business  was  con- 
tinued until  1863  under  the  name  of  Shapleigh, 
Day  &  Company,  when,  Mr.  Day  retiring,  the 
firm  name  became  A.  F.  Shapleigh  &  Company, 
and  so  continued  until  Jul\-,  1880.  At  this  time 
the  business  was  merged  into  a  corporation, 
under  the  name  of  the  A.  F.  Shapleigh  iS:  Cant- 
well  Hardware  Company,  which  continued  until 
January  1,  1888,  when  the  name  was  changed  to 
"A.  F.  Shapleigh  Hardware  Company." 


~^ 


V- 


^^ 


'*^ 


£^/:^Z^^^^- 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


151 


Mr.  A.  F.  Shapleigli  retains  the  presidency, 
the  other  offices  being  filled  by  his  sons,  as  fol- 
lows: iM'aiik  vShapleigh,  \ice-president;  Rich- 
ard W.  Shapleigh,  second  vice-president,  and 
Alfred   I^ee  Shapleigh,  secretary  and  treasurer. 

The  history  of  the  house  has  been  one  of  prog- 
ress and  prc)sperit\',  the  result  largely  of  the 
]ii-rsc)ual  labor  and  business  capacit)'  of  its  presi- 
dent. On  I)eeend)er  11,  l.S.Sd,  the  conipan\- 
lost  b\'  fire  its  entire  stock  of  goods,  which  lor  a 
time  necessarily  crippled  their  operations  and 
entailed  serious  financial  loss.  But  by  energy 
and  application  this  has  all  been  regained,  and 
the  house  bids  fair  in  isilK!  to  celebrate  the  con- 
suniniatiou  of  fifty  years  of  honorable  business 
existence.  l''roni  a  modest  start  in  1X4;>  the 
company  now  occupies  a  greater  portion  ot  the 
liandsonie  Iniildiiig  of  the  Boatmen's  Bank  at 
the  northwest  corner  of  Washington  avenue  and 
b'ourth  street,  with  KiO, ()()()  square  feet  of  floor 
area,  wliicli  is  filled  with  nierohantlise  pertain- 
ing to  their  business.  Their  operations  extend 
from  Ohio  and  Indiana  on  the  east,  throughout 
llie  north  and  south  and  to  the  Pacific  Ocean  on 
the  west.  A  large  force  of  tra\'eling  salesmen 
are  constanth'  emploved,  and  the  business  of 
the  firm  shows  an  annual  increase  in  \-olunie. 

In  addition  to  being  a  ])ioneer  in  the  hard- 
ware business  of  the  West,  Mr.  Shapleigh  has 
been  identified  wilh  other  enterprises  of  a  finan- 
cial character,  in  which  his  judgment  has  been 
highl\-  ]iri/ed  and  to  which  his  name  has  lent 
additional  strength.  He  has  been  connected,  as 
trustee  and  director,  with  the  vState  Bank  of 
vSt.  Louis,  formerly  the  vState  vSavings  Institu- 
tion, since  February,  l.s.">l<,  and  still  attends 
activel\-  to  the  duties  pertaining  to  that  jiosition. 
He  has  also  served  as  director  in  the  Merchants" 
National  Bank  fn.ni  Aiuil,  lst;-j,  t,,  julv  1,  l^i'n, 
at  which  lime  he  resigned  in  favor  of  liis  son, 
.Mfred. 

He  was  for  man\-  years  jtresidenl  dl  tlu- 
I'hienix  b'ire  Insurance  Comjiany,  and  still 
retains  the  vice-presidency  of  the  Co\enanl 
Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company.  In  adilitiou 
to  these  enterpri.ses,  Mr.  Shapleigh  has  been  in- 
terested in  tlu'  miuiu''    induslr\-  for  a  unml)i.-r  of 


years,  having  been  prominently  connected  with 
the  Hope  Mining  Company  and  the  Granite 
Mountain  Mining  Company;  the  wonderful  suc- 
cess of  the  latter  company  having  done  nuich  to 
advance  the  material  interests  of  .St.  Louis. 

Personally,  Mr.  Sha])leigh  is  a  man  of  retir- 
ing disposition,  and  he  has  ne\-er  sought  public 
office  or  political  preferment.  He  is  of  a  kind 
and  generous  nature,  and  his  charit\'  is  not  often 
appealed  to  in  vain  when  the  object  is  a  wortln- 
one.  In  religion,  he  is  a  professor  of  the  Pres- 
byterian faith  and  a  member  of  the  Central 
Presbyterian  Church.  In  ])olitics,  he  is  a  Repub- 
lican, and  during  the  ci\il  war  his  convictions 
were  those  of  the  North. 

In  1S3.S,  at  Philadelphia,  he  nuirried  P^liza- 
beth  .Vnn  LTmstead,  who  was  born  March  'I'-i, 
If^b'^,  and  wdio  is  now  living.  Eight  children 
were  the  fruits  of  their  union,  six  of  them  are 
now  li\ing — five  sons  and  a  daughter  (Mrs.  J. 
Will  Boyd).  Frank,  .Vugustus  F.,  Jr. ,  Richard 
W.,  and  Alfred  L.  are  actively  engaged  in  the 
hardware  business,  and  John  B.  is  a  prominent 
aurist  of  St.  Louis. 

Although  now  at  an  ad\anced  age,  Mr.  Shap- 
leigh is  yet  in  the  full  enjoyment  of  his  facul- 
ties and  ])ossesses  a  vigor  that  sur])asses  that  of 
manv  vounger  men.  He  still  rejoices  in  the 
loved  companionship  of  his  wife,  a  companion- 
ship which  for  more  than  half  a  century  has 
lightened  life's  cares  and  brightened  life's 
])romises. 

Wai.sh,  ICuwARii,  nuisl  also  lie  included  in 
the  list  of  pioneers  who  forced  .St.  Lt)uis  to  the 
front,  regardless  of  difficulties  and  discourage- 
ments. He  was  born  in  County  Tipperary,  Ire- 
land, December  27,  ITi'S.  Being  a  member  of 
a  fauiilv  of  eleven,  he  learnt  in  his  boyhooil 
lessons  of  industry  and  thrift,  and  as  soon  as  he 
was  old  enough  he  eonnnenced  work.  His 
school  days  ended  when  he  was  twelve  years  of 
age,  and  the  next  four  years  saw  him  engaged 
in  a  store  kept  by  a  cousin. 

b"or  another  four  \ears  he  was  a.ssociated  with 
his  brother  in  a  mill  and  brewing  establishment, 
but  shorllv    before   he  completed    liis   twentieth 


151' 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUS. 


year  he  left  Ireland  for  Aineriea,  to  join  a  cousin 
in  Louisville.  Xot  fin(lin<j;tlieo])enin<^hesou,y;lit 
in  the  Kentuck\-  town  he  came  on  to  .St.  Louis, 
and  after  lookiniT  o\'er  the  tjround  built  a  mill 
in  St.  (ienevie\e  conut\",  where  he  conducted  a 
profitable  business  until  ISi'L  when  he  sold  out 
and  started  another  mill  in  ]\Iadison  count\ . 

Shortly  afterwards  he  located  permanentls'  in 
St.  Louis,  establishing^  the  general  merchandise 
house  of  J.  &  E.  Walsh,  in  ])artuership  with 
his  brother.  His  heart,  ho\ve\er,  was  still  set 
upon  the  milliu.^-  business,  and  in  1831,  he  pur- 
chased the  mill  on  the  corner  of  Florida  street 
and  the  Levee,  which  was  built  in  1827,  and  for 
a  long  time  held  the  record  of  producing  more 
flour  than  any  other  mill  in  St.  Louis.  He  also 
secured  two  other  mills,  and  his  operations 
assumed  a  gigantic  scale.  I.,ater,  he  connected 
himself  with  steamboating,  investing  some  half 
a  million  dollars  he  had  saved  from  his  earnings, 
and  being  interested  in  more  than  twent\-one 
vessels  that  were  plying  on  the  western  waters. 
The  firm  had  a  practical  monopoly  of  the  ( ialena 
lead  business,  out  of  which  it  realized  an  im- 
mense sum  of  money. 

Mr.  Walsh  was  one  of  the  first  to  take  an 
active  part  in  the  agitation  in  favor  of  railroads 
for  St.  Louis.  He  was  one  of  the  original  direct- 
ors of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  Com]ianv, 
and  one  of  the  original  stockholders  in  the  ( )hio 
(S:  Missi.ssippi  and  North  Missouri  Railroad 
companies.  The  name  of  Walsh  is  so  well  con- 
nected with  the  street  railroad  system  of  St. 
Louis,  that  it  is  scarcely  necessary  to  mention 
the  fact  that  .Mr.  Kdward  Walsh  was  one  of  the 
first  to  insist  upon  the  laying  of  street  railroad 
tracks  in  the  city,  and  the  organizing  of  com- 
panies to  operate  them.  He  also  found  time 
from  his  apparently  exhausting  duties  to  help 
found  the  old  bank  of  the  State  of  Missouri  and 
also  the  Merchants"  National  Bank,  besides 
which  he  was  a  director  and  stockholder  in  the 
Missouri  Insurance  and  I'niou  Insurance  com- 
panies. 

He  ne\er  seemed  to  know  what  fatigue  was, 
and  he  worked  day  and  night  with  never- \ar\- 
ing  energy,  displaying  an   amount  of   common 


sense  and  acti\it\'  which  were  at  once  subjects  of 
surprise  and  admiration.  To  say  that  he  was  a 
self-made  man,  is  to  express  a  great  truth  in  a 
verv  commonplace  manner.  His  parents  were 
unable  to  assist  him  be\ond  gi\ing  him  a  i)ri- 
mar\'  education,  and  he  came  to  this  countrv 
practically  without  either  friends  or  refer- 
ences. He  was  never  discouraged  by  temporary 
failures,  and  he  persisted  in  his  efforts  until  he 
acquired  not  oul\'  an  eunrnious  fortune,  but  also 
a  reputation  of  which  any  man  might  well  be 
proud.  He  found  ample  time  to  devote  to  neces- 
sary works  of  charitx',  and  he  derived  special 
pleasure  from  assisting  young  immigrants  in 
whom  he  thought  he  saw  a  desire  to  work  and 
prosper  by  fair  means.  Several  of  these  young 
men  assisted  1)\  him  ha\e  since  risen  to  posi- 
tions of  importance  in  the  cit\'  and  State,  and 
Mr.  Walsh's  name  has  thus  been  perpetuated  in 
a  most  pleasant  and  honorable  manner. 

Personall)-,  he  declined  political  advancement 
or  office  of  every  kind,  although  he  was  fre- 
quently tendered  nominations.  He,  however, 
(lid  some  excellent  work  b\'  assisting  and  sup- 
porting Thomas  H.  Henton,  one  of  his  most 
intimate  friends  and  in  whose  interest  he  worked 
unselfishh'  and  eagerly. 

Mr.  \\'alsli  died  on  .March  'l'.\,  lst;i;,  nicmrned 
by  a  large  circle  of  friends  and  also  by  thou- 
sands of  peo]ile  who,  while  not  personally  ac- 
(luainted  with  him,  were  aware  and  appreciative 
of  his  brilliant  public  work.  He  was  twice 
married;  first  in  L'^^^,  to  Miss  ]\Iaria  Tucker,  and 
secondl\-  in  bS4<l,  to  Miss  Isabelle  de  ]Mnu, 
(laughter  of  Julius  dc  Muu.  .Mrs.  \\'alsh  died 
.May  2(i,  1.S77. 

Six  children  sur\i\'cd  their  honored  father. 
The  oldest,  Ellen,  was  married  to  Mr.  Solon 
Humphries,  of  New  York,  at  one  time  president 
of  the  Wabash,  St.  Louis  .&  Pacific  Railway. 
The  other  children  were:  Julius  vS.  Walsh, 
Marie  C,  who  was  married  to  Mr.  P..  M.  Cham- 
bers, of  St.  Louis  count}-;  J.  .\.  Walsh,  P^dward 
Walsh,  Jr.,  and  Daniel  E.  Walsh,  all  three  of 
whom  contributed  largely  during  their  active 
business  career  to  the  progress  of  the  cit\',  and 
its  surroundings. 


'nA  j 


^J.^^--p^-JL.if. 


r,H )(.R.\I'UICAL  APPENDIX. 


15?. 


Walsh,  Ji'LII'S  S.,  president  of  the  Missis- 
sippi \'allev  Trust  Compaiu',  one  of  the  most 
])roinineiU  fij^ures  iu  the  fmaucial  and  business 
circles  of  vSt.  Louis  for  the  past  tliirty  years, 
was  bom  in  this  cit>-  December  1,  l'S42,  and 
was  the  son  of  Edward  and  IsabeUa  (  DeMun  ) 
Walsli.  Mis  father  was  a  native  of  Ireland, 
who  emiijrated  to  this  country  in  1>>1.'),  first 
settling;'  in  Louisville,  Kentucky,  and  who  in 
1>>L'1  removed  to  St.  Louis  and  established  the 
well  remembered  firm  of  J.  iS:  V..  Walsh. 

After  recei\'in5j;the  usual  primary  instructions, 
Julius  entered  the  St.  Louis  Universit\',  where 
he  remained  until  li^/i!',  when  he  became  a  stu- 
dent at  St.  Josejih  Colle^^e,  Heardstown,  Ken- 
tuck\',  and  graduated  from  that  well-known  insti- 
tution in  I'Siil.  In  l-SliiitheSt.  Louis  rni\ersity 
conferred  upon  him  the  dejjree  of  Master  of 
Arts.  In  l.S()4  Columbia  Colle.y;e  conferred 
upon  him  the  degree  of  LL.B.,  and  he  was  also 
admitted  to  the  liar  iu  the  .State  of  Xew  York  in 
that  year. 

In  1^>I)4  he  returnetl  Vu  St.  Louis  and  entered 
the  firm  of  J.  &;  K.  Walsh.  Two  years  later  his 
father,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm,  died, 
leaxing  the  management  of  the  business  to 
Julius,  and  from  l.S(;i;  until  1^70  he  was  oc- 
cupied in  settling  uj)  the  affairs  of  his  father's 
estate.  His  able  management  of  this  large  trust 
surjirised  man\-  and  gratified  all;  and  those  ca- 
pable of  judging,  claimed  for  Julius  S.  Walsh  a 
future  career  in  the  financial  world.  That 
those  predictions  were  ami)l\  fulfilled,  this  briel 
sketch  will  show. 

In  1>!7II  he  turned  his  allenlion  to  the  street 
railwa\'  s\stcm  of  vSt.  Louis,  and  in  the  same 
\ear  was  elected  president  of  the  Citizens'  Rail- 
wa\-  Com]ian\-  and  of  the  h'air  ('.rounds  and 
Suburban  Railroad  Com]Kiny.  He  llu'U  held 
successively  the  presidency  t)f  the  following 
roads:  The  People's  Railway,  the  Tower  drove 
and  Lafaxette  RaiKva\-,  the  Xorthern  Central 
I\ailwa\-  and  the  Cass  .\\enue  and  I'air  Cirouuds 
Railway.  In  l.s,s2  he  was  elioseu  a  director  of 
the  Third  National  Bank  t)f  St.  Louis. 

In  bS7l  he  was  elected  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  .\gricidlural  and  Mechanical  .\ssocialion, 


and  served  as  its  chief  executive  for  four  consecii- 
ti\e  years,  infusing  into  the  management  an 
energ\-  and  method  strikingly  characteristic  of 
all  his  business  operations.  When  he  became 
president  of  the  as.sociation,  its  large  grounds 
were  occupied  for  one  week  during  the  year;  he 
at  once  proceeded  to  make  the  grounds  attract- 
ive at  all  seasons  anil  on  every  dav  of  the  vear. 
He  erected  an  art  gallery,  founded  the  zoological 
gardens,  which  became  one  of  St.  Louis'  best 
attractions,  the  garden  containing  at  one  time 
some  of  the  rarest  specimens  of  the  animal  king- 
dom in  America.  He  erected  the  Natural  His- 
tor\'  Huilding,  and  eml)ellished  the  groiinds 
throughout  with  trees,  flowers,  drives  and 
grade  walks,  giving  to  the  people  of  St.  Louis 
one  of  the  pleasantest  spots  on  earth  for  recrea- 
tion. 

In  I<S7.J  he  was  elected  president  of  the  South 
Pass  Jettv  Com])anv,  ,St.  Louis  Bridge  Company 
and  the  Tunnel  Railroad  of  St.  Louis.  In  188.S 
he  w-as  elected  president  of  the  Municipal  Light 
and  Power  Company  of  St.  Louis,  and  in  l-HiH 
president  of  the  Mississij^pi  Valley  Trust  Com- 
pan\ .  He  is  now  a  director  iu  the  Laclede 
National  Bank;  a  director  iu  the  Ohio  and  Mis- 
sissippi Railroad  Coni])au\-;  chairman  of  the 
Board  of  Control  of  the  St.  Louis  I'air  (ir(.)unds 
Club;  member  of  the  St.  Louis  University  and 
IMarquette  clubs.  He  has  also  been  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  Mercantile  Lil)rary  Association. 

I''rom  the  above  brief  mention  of  the  impor- 
tant and  responsible  ])osilions  which  have  been 
held  by  Mr.  Walsh,  it  will  be  seen  that  it  falls 
to  the  lot  of  few  men  in  a  life-time  to  achieve 
the  success  and  be  so  largely  identified  with  the 
industrial  and  business  interests  of  a  great  com- 
mercial metropolis,  as  has  Mr.  Walsh  in  the  last 
eighteen  years.  He  has  thus  had  a  wide  field  for 
the  exerci.se  of  his  s|)lendid  business  talent  and 
great  executive  ability,  and  been  enabled  to  ac- 
(juire  a  character  as  a  nuin  of  affairs  second  to 
none  other  in  the  city. 

His  management  autl  adminislralion  oi  liie 
affairs  of  the  various  corporations  of  which  he 
lias  been  the  executive  head,  have  won  for  him 
the  confidence  of  the  business  men  of  the  city, 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.   /.Or/S. 


and  the  respect  and  regard  of  all  with  whom  he- 
has  come  in  contact. 

Mr.  Walsh  married,  January  11,  1^70,  Miss 
Josie  nickson,  daui^hter  of  Charles  K.  Dickson, 
of  this  cit)'.  They  have  seven  children — Charles 
K.  1).,  Isabelle  S..  Jr.,  Robert  A.  15.,  ICllen 
IIiim])hreys,  Jose]')hine  and  X.  S.  Chouteau. 

Lkic.htox,  (".I'.nKCH  I'j.ioT. — There  are  in 
St.  Louis  scx'eral  men  who  for  u]i wards  of  a 
(juarter  of  a  ccnturv  ha\-e  been  identified  with 
nearlv  everv  mox'ement  designed  to  force  the 
cit\'  to  the  front,  but  it  is  doubtful  w  hether  an\- 
have  really  accomplished  more  for  the  city's 
lasting  good  than  the  president  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  Washington  University. 

Colonel  (ieorge  Kliot  Leightim,  who  has  filled 
this  honorable  position  for  tiie  last  six  years, 
was  born  in  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  March  7, 
l<s;-5;").  He  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  Captain 
John  Leigliton,  son  of  one  of  Cromwell's  lieii- 
tenants,  who  came  to  this  countrv  in  1!S.')(),  and 
the  family  have  filled  an  honorable  place  in  New 
I^nglaiid  history  ever  since  that  year.  They 
bore  a  full  share  in  the  troubles  incident  to  the 
establishment  of  a  colony  in  a  country  inhabited 
b\-  hostile  Indians.  The>-  also  served  in  the 
various  Indian  wars,  in  the  war  with  France,  and 
in  the  struggle  for  indej^eudence. 

During  the  eighteenth  centur\-  the\-  were 
among  the  leaders  in  merchandise  and  shipj^ing. 
Colonel  Leighton's  father,  Mr.  Eliot  Leighton, 
a  native  of  the  town  of  Eliot,  in  Maine,  was  a 
merchant  with  extensive  business  interests  in 
.  Bo.ston  and  Cincinnati.  When  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  about  ten  years  of  age,  Mr. 
Eliot  Leighton  took  up  his  residence  in  the 
latter  city,  and  much  of  Colonel  Leighton's  bov- 
hood  was  .spent  in  the  Ohio  metroiDolis.  He 
graduated  with  honors  from  Woodward  at  the 
age  of  eighteen,  and  having  .studied  law  for  three 
years  was  admitted  to  practice  in  the  I'nited 
States  and  Ohio  courts  in  the  year  l<S.")(i.  Three 
years  later  he  came  to  St.  Louis  and  entered 
upon  the  practice  of  his  profession. 

He  had  just  become  fairly  established  when 
the  war  broke  out,   and  his  legal  career  was  in 


consequence  intcrrui)ted.  There  were  few  more 
ardent  Unionists  in  St.  Louis  than  the  young 
New  Englander,  wlio  at  once  made  his  influence 
felt,  and  who  encouraged  a  I'nionist  sentiment 
and  brought  many  waverers  into  line.  He 
entered  the  Federal  service  as  lieutenant  in  the 
Third  .Missouri  Infantry,  R.  C,  and  during  the 
sunnuer  of  1S(!1  was  engaged  in  active  service 
in  the  field.  Later  he  was  a])])ointed  major  of 
the  Fifth  Missouri  .S.  M.  Ca\-alr\-,  and  subse- 
quently transferred  to  the  Twelfth  Regiment  of 
Ca\alr\-. 

In  the  fall  of  LSfil  he  was  assigned  to  dut) 
as  provost-marshal  of  the  >St.  Louis  Division, 
under  General  Halleck,  and  he  was  in  charge 
of  the  city  during  the  critical  period  of  the 
winter  of  lS()l-ii2.  He  won  generous  e.x])res- 
sions  of  ajjproxal  iwnn  (ienerals  Halleck,  Curtis, 
Schofield,  Hamilton  and  Davidson,  under  whom 
he  served  during  the  )ears  ISii:^  and  LSli.'l,  and 
he  was  finalh'  commissioned  as  colonel  of  the 
Seventh  Regiment  Missonin  F^.  ^I.  M.  Alto- 
gether Colonel  Leighton's  war  record  is  a  nni(|ue 
and  honorable  one,  and  finalK  the  cause  he  had 
so  much  at  heart  triumphed  and  he  was  able 
to  resume  the  profession  of  his  choice. 

He  was  soon  in  active  practice,  and  in  addi- 
tion to  his  other  business  was  appointed  general 
counsel  to  the  ^lissouri  Pacific  Railroad,  a  posi- 
tion he  filled  in  a  highly  satisfactory  manner 
until  the  year  1S74,  when  he  decided  to  relin- 
quish general  practice  and  devote  himself 
exclusively  to  his  growing  railroad  and  manu- 
facturing and  business  interests.  In  the  follow- 
ing vear  he  became  president  of  the  "  P>ridg(,-  &. 
r>each  ^lanufacturing  Compan\-,"  an  office  he 
has  held  ever  since.  This  company  has  be- 
come one  of  the  largest  as  well  as  the  oldest 
manufacturers  of  iron  in  the  West. 

He  is  a  director  of  the  Boatmen's  Bank,  the 
Union  Trust  Companv  and  of  other  important 
financial  corporations.  vSeventeen  years  ago  he 
was  appointed  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Trust- 
ees of  the  Washington  Universit\-,  and  has 
given  much  attention  to  its  affairs.  In  1^87, 
upon  the  death  of  Dr.  Wni.  (i.  Eliot,  he  was 
elected  president  of  the  btiard.       He    has   been 


/^(O-/^^    /^,.c^ 


Illi  )(,RArilICAL  APPENDIX. 


155 


c\'c-n  iiiKie  zealous  since  lliis  lioiior  was  confer- 
red upon  liini  llian  before,  and  liis  work  in  tlie 
cause  of  the  great  nni\ersity  lias  jjroved  of 
inestimable  value  to  that  institution. 

In  a  number  of  other  ways  Colonel  Leiijhton 
has  shown  that  the  accunnilalion  of  wealth  is 
not  the  only  nor  indeed  the  main  object  of  his 
life.  I'or  ten  years  he  has  been  president  of  the 
.Missouri  Historical  Society.  He  has  also  been 
a  leading  spirit  in  the  New  England  Society,  of 
which  he  has  acted  as  president.  He  was  also 
for  four  \'ears  ])residcnt  of  the  Commercial  Club, 
and  took  an  active  ])art  in  the  agitation  which 
resulted  in  the  substitution  of  granite  streets  in 
the  down-town  districts,  and  in  earning  for 
St.  Louis  the  proud  record  of  having  better 
pa\ed  streets  than  anv  other  American  city. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  .St.  Louis  Academy 
of  Science,  and  is  j)rominent  in  the  counsels  of 
the  St.  Louis  vSchoo]  of  Fine  Arts  and  of  the 
vSt.  Louis  Medical  College. 

Colonel  Leighton  is  a  member  of  the  Missouri 
Commandery  of  the  Loyal  Legion,  and  also  of 
the  Missouri  Society  of  the  Sons  of  the  Ameri- 
can Revolution.  In  addition  to  the  Commercial 
Club,  Colonel  Leighton  is  also  an  honored  mem- 
ber of  the  St.  Louis  and  University  clubs,  and 
of  the  I'nion  and  I'nion  League,  two  of  the 
leading  clubs  of  Xew  York  City. 

His  h(jme  life  is  quiet,  refined  and  dignified. 
IK-  married,  in  the  \ear  bsiiii,  .Miss  Isabella, 
daughter  of  Honorable  Hudson  K.  Bridge;  siie 
died  in  1H^<S.  He  has  one  son,  (ieorge  Bridge 
Leighton,  now  nearly  thirty  years  of  age.  .-\ 
cons])icuous  feature  of  the  Leighton  home  is 
the  extensive  library,  which  could  liardh-  be 
du])licatcd  in  the  West.  The  books  ha\-e  been 
collected  in  l'",uro])e  and  .Vmerica  with  llu-  great- 
est judgment,  and  they  reflect  the  ta.stes  and 
pleasures  of  the  collector.  Nowhere  can  a 
grander  collection  of  literature,  dealing  with  the 
earlv  historv  of  the  Mississippi  \'alle\-,  be  found, 
and  various  scientific  and  historical  departments 
according  with  his  especial  tastes  are  covered 
most  compktcK  .  Colonel  Leighton  spends  each 
summer  at  his  hoinc  in  Dublin,  Xew  Hampshire, 
on  the  northern  shore  of    Lake  Monadnock. 


Colonel  Leighton  has  ne\-er  taken  an  active 
part  in  politics,  though  in  times  of  necessity  he 
has  come  forward  to  assist  his  party.  He  is  a 
Republican  from  principle  and  is  a  careful  stu- 
dent of  political  history.  He  is  a  fine,  powerful- 
looking  nuin,  and  e.xccls  physical]}-  as  well  as 
mentallv.  His  career  has  been  signally  honor- 
able and  successful,  and  he  is  looked  up  to  with 
love  and  respect  by  thousands  of  his  fellow-citi- 
zens. In  every  walk  of  life,  as  soldier,  lawyer, 
financier,  student,  philanthropist  and  citizen, 
he  has  made  a  most  honorable  record,  and  there 
are  few  men  in  St.  Louis  who  ha\-e  done  more 
to  mould  public  opinion  and  maintain  a  manly, 
dignified  and  self-respecting  course  on  every 
occasion. 

Within  the  last  \ear  he  has  succeeded  in  a 
matter  which,  although  at  first  sight  does  not 
appearof  special  importance,  in\olved  the  recog- 
nition of  St.  Louis  as  a  metropolitan  city,  and 
its  being  advertised  both  in  this  country  and  in 
Europe.  Reference  is  made  to  the  naming  of 
the  first  ocean  gre}hound  built  in  this  country. 
-Mr.  Leighton  presided  at  a  meeting  held  in  the 
Mayor's  office  with  a  xiew  to  the  name  being 
"St.  Louis,"  and  lie  subsequently  headed  a 
deputation  to  the  owners  at  Philadelphia,  which 
restilted  in  a  favorable  response.  The  ship  is 
now  being  constructed,  and,  thanks  largely  to 
the  efforts  of  Mr.  Leighton,  its  name  will  be  a 
reminder  for  many  years  of  the  greatne.ss  of  this 
citv,  and  of  the  thoughtful  enterj^rise  of  its 
citizens. 

lU'CK,  MvKdX  M,,  was  lioru  in  Manchester, 
Ontario  count) ,  New  York,  Janiuiry  H>,  1838. 
His  ancestors  settled  in  Central  New  York 
when  the  country  was  wild  and  uncultivated, 
his  grandfather,  Mr.  Theophilus  Short,  having 
been  a  member  of  tlie  "Old  Holland  Land  Pur- 
chase Company"  which,  attracted  by  the  fertil- 
itv  of  the  soil  in  the  undeveloped  district, 
purchased  a  greater  jiortion  of  Central  New 
York. 

The  com])any  at  once  ]iroceeded  to  establish 
homes  for  the  pioneers  who  were  its  leading 
spirits.      The  venture  was  a  daring  one,  but  it 


l.-,(i 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OriS. 


proved  so  successful  llial  nol  ouly  did  the  settlers 
establish  homes  for  themselves,  but  they  were 
able  to  leave  valuable  legacies  to  their  descend- 
ants. His  maternal  grandfather  was  one  of  the 
most  active  of  the  settlers  and,  couscc|ueuth-,  be- 
came very  prominent.  The  manufacturing  town 
of  vShorts\-ille,  on  the  New  York  Central  road, 
was  named  after  this  gentleman. 

It  was  here  that  Myron  M.  Buck,  the  founder 
of  one  of  the  largest  railroad  supph'  houses  in 
the  country,  was  born  and  Ijrought  up.  Tie 
recei\-ed  a  first-class  common  school  education, 
and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  was  in  a  position  to 
make  his  way  in  the  world.  He  traveled 
throughout  Western  New  York  and  Canada,  and 
finally  located  in  New  York  Citv,  where  he 
secured  employment  in  a  manufacturing  estab- 
lishment. His  early  inclination  was  to  build 
uj.)  a  business  for  himself,  and  almost  from  the 
first  he  showed  a  taste  for  luanufacturing  which 
would  have  done  credit  to  a  man  twice  his  age. 

A  man  of  these  tastes  and  abilities  natural!}- 
looks  west  for  a  location,  and  he  spent  three 
years  in  Chicago,  where  he  acquired  much  \alu- 
able  information.  In  1)^.")<S  he  removed  to  St. 
Louis,  where  he  engaged  in  the  manufacturing 
of  car  trimmings.  Acting  on  the  polic\-  that 
what  a  man  wants  done  well  he  must  do  him- 
self, Mr.  Buck  gave  his  entire  personal  atten- 
tion to  the  work,  and  was  soon  the  owner  as  well 
as  manager  of  a  depot  for  the  sale  of  all  kinds 
of  railroad  su])plies. 

This  was  the  first  establishment  of  its  kind  in 
the  Mississippi  Valley,  and  it  has  held  its  own 
during  the  past  thirty-two  years  against  every 
competitor  and  rival.  It  attracted  attention  to 
St.  Louis  in  e\ery  practical  manner  during  the 
extensive  railroad  building  peril  id  of  the  se\-en- 
ties,  and  the  amount  of  business  that  it  has 
brought  here  has  been  ver\-  large  indeed.  As 
already  .stated,  the  house  is  now  one  of  thelargest 
in  the  country,  and  it  is  the  admiration  of  the 
cit}'  of  St.  Louis  for  several  reasons. 

He  has  had  control  of  a  number  of  enormous 
contracts,  all  of  which  ha\-e  been  carried  out 
promptly  without  a  hitch;  and  if  ever  a  man 
came  west  with  the  intention  of  growing  up  with 


the  country,  and   doing  so,   lliat   nuxn   was  cer- 
tainly Mr.  .M.   ^L   Uuck. 

Although  his  business  affairs  occupy  nearly 
the  whole  of  his  time,  Mr.  Buck  is  too  unselfish 
a  man  to  ignore  the  welfare  of  the  city  in  which 
his  fortune  is  cast.  Ik-  has  always  been  one  of 
the  pioneers  in  work  for  the  building  up  of  St. 
Louis,  and  he  ranks  foremost  among  the  men 
whose  energy  and  ability  crushed  out  the  old 
cry  of  poor  old  St.  Louis,  and  created  the  cit\- of 
which  we  are  all  so  proud,  and  which  is  destined 
to  be  the  largest  city,  as  well  as  the  metropolis, 
of  the  mid-continent  in  e\'crv  sense  of  the 
word.  Amongthe  many  institutions  with  which 
Air.  Buck  is  actively  connected,  and  of  which 
he  is  a  director,  might  be  mentioned  the  Union 
Trust  CompauN",  the  Continental  National  ISank 
and  the  Commercial  Bank  of  vSt.  Louis.  He  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Mercantile,  Noonday,  St. 
Louis,  Commercial,  and  Fair  (irnunds  Jockev 
clubs. 

Although  a  thorough  St.  Louisan,  Mr.  Buck 
does  not  forget  the  home  of  his  youth.  He 
owns  a  \'ery  handsome  \illa  in  Clifton  S])rings, 
one  of  the  "best  health  resorts  in  New  York 
State,  where  his  family  spend  several  months 
ever\-  }ear.  Speaking  of  this  resort  to  a  friend, 
Mr.  Buck  said:  "A  few  weeks  sojourn  in  tlie 
fragrant  valley  inspires  me  with  new  life  and 
health  to  enter  upon  the  duties  of  life  once 
more.'" 

Among  the  many  generous  acts  of  Mr.  Buck 
nia\-  be  mentioned  the  donation  to  the  town  of 
vShorts\-ille,  New  York,  in  September,  LSIH),  of 
a  free  librarw  The  building  is  of  brick  and 
stone,  very  handsomely  erected  and  splendidly 
ecpiipped  within.  Not  being  satisfied  with 
donating  the  building,  he  stocked  it  with  books 
and  periodicals  of  nearh-  e\'ery  description,  and 
has  endowed  the  institution  so  liberally  that  the 
income  will  be  more  than  sufficient  to  pay  the  run- 
ning expenses.  In  doing  this  he  has  estaldished 
a  monument  to  the  memor\-  of  a  name  that  has 
been  honored  b\-  three  successive  generations, 
and  he  has  also  made  a  number  of  friends  for 
St.  Louis  among  the  descendants  of  the  old  set- 
tlers of  the  Holland  purchase  propert)'. 


iinn.R. \riin : //.  . //'/'AAVV.v. 


l-')7 


I'fw  iiK'ii  lia\e  succeeded  su  sij^iially  as  Mr. 
Iluck.  To  l)uild  up  a  business  as  he  now  owus 
is  a  task  few  nicii  would  dare  atlt-iupt,  aud  in 
wliitdi  \(,'r\  it.\\ ,  in<lced,  could  succeed.  As  a 
\ouu,!.;  uiau  he  niajiped  out  au  ambitious  career, 
and  l)\-  ue\-er-fla<jjjin<^  industry  aud  ne\'er-swer\'- 
ing  integrity,  he  has  attained  a  position  w  Inch 
makes  him  the  admiration  of  business  men  in 
all  parts  of  the  United  .States.  He  is  a  self-made 
man  in  the  best  aud  grandest  sense  of  the  term, 
and  is  a  citi/.eu  of  whom  e\'ery  >St.  Lonisau  is 
more  than  proud. 

Hi. A  IK,  JA.Mi'.s  Lawrence,  sou  of  I'rauk  P. 
and  .\])olline  (Alexander)  Blair,  was  born  in 
St.  Louis,  April  '2,  isr)4.  His  ])arents  were 
l)oth  members  of  the  famous  Preston  family  of 
Kentucky.  He  attended  public  schools  aud  the 
High  School  of  ,St.  Louis,  and  subsequently 
studied  at  Princeton  College,  where  he  took  the 
degrees  of  LL.D.  aud  A.M.  He  went  to  work 
as  office-boy  in  a  wholesale  house  on  Main 
street,  aud  is  by  no  means  ashamed  of  the  fact 
that  his  sti])end  was  but  SL")  per  month,  and 
that  he  li\ed  on  his  scanty  earnings.  He  was, 
however,  loo  sharp  a  boy  to  long  continue  at 
the  bottom  of  the  ladder,  aud  he  soon  obtained  a 
better  ])osition.  He  was  clerk  for  one  and  a 
half  N'cars  in  the  assessor's  office  under  Charles 
(ireen's  administration,  during  which  period 
he  attended  the  Law  School,  studxiug  law  at 
night. 

In  1S77  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  has 
lieeu  in  practice  e\er  since.  In  the  \ear  ISSl 
his  l)r(>llu'r,  iMank  P.  lilair,  Jr.,  entered  the 
firm,  which  ln'cauie  known  as  j.  L.  ^c  P".  P. 
IMair,  conliniiing  nudi.i'  this  name  \intil  l^iM"), 
wln-u  Mr.  P'rauk  P.  P.lair  left  the  city.  Mr. 
J.  L.  P)lair's  next  aud  present  jiartner  was  j  udge 
Seddon.  Mr.  lUair  is  too  able  a  law\er  to  need 
jiraise.  I  le  ranks  among  the  brightest  attornevs 
of  the  West,  and  is  a  fearless,  independent  man 
iu  e\er\'  respi-ct.  In  ISS.")  In-  was  ap|)ointed 
police  commissioner,  and  served  as  \ice  anil 
acting  president  of  the  board  for  four  years. 
He  was  \'ery  active  in  the  cause  of  law  and 
order  duriu''-  the  southern   strike.      lie   is   now 


a    mendjer    of    the   e.\ecnti\e  eonnniltee  of  tlie 
Civil  vSer\ice  Reform  Association. 

Mr.  Ulair  is  married  aud  has  two  chihheu— 
Percy  Alexander  and  Francis  Prestmi — and 
since  the  death  of  his  father  he  has  been  the 
main  support  of  his  mother  and  three  \'oung 
brothers. 

ISkdadiiivAIi,  JamivS  ().,  the  iiresent  minister 
to  vSwitzerland,  was  born  Ma\'  -!',  l^P.',  near 
CharlottesN'ille,  Alliemarle  count\',  \'irginia,  aud 
is  the  eldest  son  of  Achilles  and  Mary  Winston 
(Cam  Broadhead.  He  is  of  Knglish-,Scotch 
origin.  His  grandfather  was  Jonathan  Ilroad- 
head,  who  came  from  Yorkshire,  ICngland, 
during  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  settled  in 
\'irginia.  His  mother's  ]ieo]de,  the  Carrs, 
came  from  Scotland  during  the  early  settlement 
of  \'irginia.  During  the  war  of  1S12,  his  father 
was  a  captain  of  \'irigina  troops. 

His  education  was  liberal  and  thorough,  he 
having  taken  a  j^reparatory  course  in  the  Albe- 
marle High  vSchool,  aud  then  attending  the 
l'ni\-ersitv  of  \'irginia.  He  was  unable  to  take 
the  full  course  in  the  universit_\',  aud  su])])orted 
himself  while  attending  the  institution.  After 
lea\ing  college,  he  taught  iu  a  i)ri\-ate  school 
near  I>altiuu)re,  Mar\land. 

During  this  time  Noung  Broadhead's  jKirenls 
had  nioN'ed  to  Missouri  and  settled  iu  St.  Charles 
count\",  and  in  June,  l^ilT,  he  also  came  to 
Missouri  and  took  the  jiosition  ot  private  tutor 
iu  the  famih'  of  Hon.  Ivlward  Hates,  who  was 
altoruev-general  in  President  Lincoln's  cabinet. 
P'or  the  next  three  years  he  taught  in  the  family 
of  Mr.  Bates,  and  also  in  St.  Charles  count\', 
reading   law  at  the  same  lime  under  Mr.  Bates. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Bowling  (Ireen, 
this  .Slate,  in  isii',  1>\  Judge  Hunt,  and  began 
the  i^ractice  of  law  there  tlie  following  \ear, 
wliere  he  continued  to  practice  until  l.S.')!l,  when 
he  came  to  St.  Louis.  During  his  sixteen  years 
of  ])ractice  in  Pike  county,  he  was  a  part  of  the 
time  in  partnership  witli  Judge  T.  J.  C.  Fagg, 
afterwards  one  of  the  judges  of  the  supreme 
court  of  this  State,  aud  for  a  shitrl  lime  he  was 
a  partner  of  Judge  Hunt. 


l.-)S 


oi.n  ./.w  \i:w  ST.  i.oris. 


Dnriiii;  liis  rt-sidcnce  in  I'ikc  count}',  Mr. 
ISroadhciul  was  frfiiueiitly  IioikhciI  witli  iiolitical 
offices  by  the  Wilis;'  pait\',  of  which  lie  was  a 
lMX)iniiient  and  influential  ineniber.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  State  Conslilutional  Coiuention 
ill  lsi."i;  was  elected  to  the  l^egislature  in  1«4(), 
and  to  the  vStatc  Senate  for  four  years,  from  liS.')() 
to  IS.')!.  While  scrvin,y;  in  these  positions  he 
took  lii,>,di  rank  as  a  debator,  and  was  a  recognized 
leader  in  his  part\'. 

Upon  reino\-ing'  to  St.  I^ouis  he  formed  a  law 
partnership  with  iMdelio  C.  Sharp,  of  Le.viiig- 
toii,  Missouri,  and  at  once  entered  upon  a  \-ery 
successful  practice.  This  partnership  continued 
during  the  late  ci\'il  war,  and  only  terminated 
with  tlie  death  of  Mr.  Sharp  in  1^7;"). 

When  the  war  began  in  LSlil,  Mr.  Broadhead 
espoused  the  cause  of  the  Union,  and  took  a 
very  active  part  in  the  events  that  followed.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Coiu'entiou  of  ISlil,  and 
was  chairman  of  the  committee  which  made  a 
report  to  the  convention  in  Juh',  l'S(il,  in  fa\or 
of  declaring  vacant  the  offices  of  the  State  offi- 
cers who,  with  Governor  Jackson,  had  joined  the 
cause  of  the  Southern  Confederacy.  The  report 
was  adopted,  and  a  provisional  government  was 
established  for  Missouri.  He  was  then  appointed 
Ignited  States  district  attorney  for  the  Eastern 
District  of  Missouri  by  President  Lincoln,  which 
office  he  resigned  the  following  year  to  accept 
the  office  of  ]')rovost-inarshal  general  of  the  de- 
]iartment  composed  of  Missouri,  Southern  Iowa, 
Kansas,  the  Indian  Territor\-  and  Arkansas. 
He  discharged  the  difficult  and  trying  duties  of 
this  position  creditabh'  to  himself  and  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  adininistration. 

When  the  war  ended  Colonel  Broadhead 
resumed  the  active  ])ractice  of  his  profession, 
which  he  has  continued  until  the  present.  On 
the  death  of  Mr.  Sharp  in  1<S7.'),  Colonel  Broad- 
lu-ad  formed  a  partiierslii]i  with  his  brother, 
William  B.  Broadhead,  now  at  Clayton,  Mis- 
souri, and  John  H.  ( )\'erall,  and  later  with  Slay- 
back  and  Haeussler,  until  ix.s^,  then  with 
Haeussler  and  his  son,  Charles  S.  Broadhead, 
until  I.SIM. 

Although  constantly  engaged  in  the  practice 


of  law  since  the  war,  he  has  been  called  to  fill 
se\'cral  positions  of  honor,  trust  and  responsi- 
bilits'.  In  bST.")  he  was  elected  to  the  State 
CVuistitutioiial  Convention,  as  a  Democrat,  and 
bore  a  very  promineiit  ]KU't  in  framing  the  pres- 
ent organic  law  of  the  State.  After  the  adoj)- 
tion  of  the  constitution.  Colonel  Broadhead  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  Charter  Commission, 
and  it  was  largeh'  to  his  inthience  that  tlic  adop- 
tion of  the  Scheme  and  Charter  was  due.  In 
1  SS'J  he  was  elected  to  the  Forty-eighth  Congress 
from  the  Ninth  Congressional  District.  In  ISM.") 
President  Cleveland  ajipoiiited  Colonel  Broad- 
head a  special  coiumissioner  to  visit  France  and 
examine  the  arclii\es  of  that  government  in 
relation  to  the  F'reiich  Spoliation  Claims,  under 
the  provisions  of  an  act  of  Congress  providing 
for  the  adjustment  of  those  claims.  He  was 
also  retained  by  the  United  States  (ioxernment 
to  ]U'osecute  the  famous  Wliisk\'  Ring  cases. 
Shorth'  after  Mr.  CleNX-land's  second  election  to 
the  Presidencv,  he  appointed  this  al)le  law\'er 
and  conscientious  statesman  minister  to  vSwitzcr- 
land. 

Colonel  Broadhead  was  married  May  l.'S,  IS!  7, 
to  Miss  Mary  S.  Dorsey,  of  Pike  count\ .  Tlie\' 
ha\'e  three  children  lixing — Charles  S.,  now 
])racticing  law  with  his  father;  .Mar\'  (  now 
^Irs.  William  Horton),  and  Nannie. 

Bh-,c,.s,  Wii.i.ia.m  H.,  sou  of  Cicorge  K.  and 
Nannie  (  Flo\'d  )  Biggs,  was  born  in  Clark  coiint\', 
Missouri,  August  1,  1S4-J.  After  receiving  a 
\-er\'  ]il)eral  education  at  La  (irauge  College,  La 
(iraiige  count}',  Missouri,  he  read  law  with 
Judge  Ellison,  of  Canton,  Missouri.  In  1S(;7 
he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  in  the  following 
vear  he  commenced  practice  on  his  own  account 
in  Bowling  (ireeii,  Missouri.  He  secured  a 
lucratixe  practice,  and  in  the  \'ear  lS7o  he  was 
persuaded  to  niov'e  to  Louisiana,  .Missouri, 
where  he  for  si.xteen  years  practiced  law. 

;\Ir.  Biggs  was  called  upon  to  give  his  opin- 
ions in  a  variety  of  ver\'  important  cases  iiu'oK- 
ing  the  disposal  of  immense  sums  of  mone\',  and 
so  correct  was  his  reading  of  the  law  that  for 
several  years  he  was  mentioned  as  the  most  suit- 


/,'/()(, U.U'JI/CAL  .  //'/'A.WV.V. 


able  man  Id  occup>-  a  seat  in  tlie  Court  of 
Appeals. 

In  the  fall  of  ISS'i  lie  accepted  a  nnniinalion 
for  this  important  position.  His  popnlaritx  in 
the  neighborhood  rendered  his  election  a  matter 
of  conrse,  and  his  splendid  record  on  the  bench 
more  than  jnstifies  the  action  of  the  x'oters. 
Jndge  Biggs  has  been  called  upon  to  adjudicate 
in  a  very  large  number  of  important  cases,  and 
his  decisions  and  judgments  have  been  of  the 
most  able  character. 

The  Judge  is  still  tpiite  a  >oung  man,  with 
several  years  of  useful  hard  work  before  him. 
He  married  in  bSTit  I'Jiza  Shotwell,  of  Pike 
count\-,  Missouri.  He  has  four  children — .\nna- 
bell,  Davis,  Kstelle  and  rieorgie. 

Lrr.KK,  (li-:()RC>iv  \V.,  was  born  in  vSt.  Louis, 
February  "22,  1M45.  His  parents  were  H.  Will- 
iam and  Christine  (  Penningroth  )  Lubke.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  and  pri\ate  schools 
of  St.  Louis,  read  law  with  Henry  Hitchcock, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  when  onlv  nineteen 
years  of  age,  by  Judge  Moodey  of  the  Circuit 
Court  of    .St.  Louis. 

Upon  his  admission  to  the  bar  he  formed  a 
partnershi])  for  the  practice  of  law  with  his 
preceptor,  Mr.  Henry  Hitchcock.  Subsequently 
Mr.  Preston  Pla\er  was  taken  into  the  co-partner- 
ship, which  was  continued  under  the  firm  name 
of  Hitchcock,  Lubke  X:  Player  until  the  fall  of 
l^iSi',  when  Mr.  Lubke  was  elected  one  of  the 
judges  of  the  Circuit  Court  o{  the  City  of  St. 
Louis,  which  position  he  fdled  with  credit  to 
himself  and  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  bar  and 
those  ha\ing  business  in    his   court    until    1>>>>M. 

.\t  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office.  Judge 
I^ubke  formed  a  law  iKirtnt-rship  with  .Mr.  Hugo 
Muench,  under  the  livm  name  of  Lubke  ts: 
Muench. 

in  ])olitics  Judge  Lubke  is  a  Democrat. 
Whik'  he  is  not  a  politician  in  the  popular 
meaning  ot  the  term,  liis  \-oice  is  alwa\s  raised 
for  the  principles  of  his  party,  and  for  honest 
economical  government,  whenexer  his  ser\ices 
are  needed  in  State  and  national  campaigns. 
To  the  consideration   and  discussion  of  political 


questions  he  brings  the  same  judicial  dignitv, 
fairness  and  candor  that  characterized  his  de- 
cisions from  the  bench  and  have  given  him  dis- 
tinction at  the  bar. 

Judge  Lubke  married,  September  10,  LstJS, 
.Miss  Henrietta  Luttercord,  daughter  of  I'rancis 
H.  Luttercord,  a  jironiinent  merchant  of  St. 
I^ouis  ])rior  to  the  late  civil  war.  Of  this 
union  there  are  fi\e  children — George  W.,  Jr., 
who  is  practicing  law  in  his  father's  office;  Ida, 
Laura  and  Kdgar,  who  is  attending  one  of  the 
jmblic  schools  at  St.  Louis;  and  .\rthtir,  wln.i  is 
not  \et  of  school  age. 

S'r.\N.\RD,  EuwiN  O.,  almost  invariably  known 
to  his  countless  friends  and  acquaintances  as 
Governor  Stanard,  is  a  New  ICnglanderby  birth, 
ha\ingbeen  born  in  Xewjjort,  Xew  Hampshire, 
January  5,  Ls;i2.  His  father,  Mr.  ( )bed  Stan- 
ard, was  one  of  the  early  settlers  in  New  PCn- 
gland,  and  his  mother,  formerly  Miss  Elizabeth 
.\ .  Webster,  also  came  of  one  of  the  oldest  colonial 
families.  When  their  son  was  about  four  years 
old,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  ().  Stanard  came  west,  locat- 
ing on  a  farm  in  \'an  linren  count\',  Iowa. 
Here  young  Pvdwin  worked  on  the  farm  during 
the  summer,  attending  the  public  schools  as 
regnlarh-  as  possible  and  completing  his  edu- 
cation by  a  full  course  of  stud>-  in  the  High 
School  at  Keoso([ua,  Iowa. 

In  the  \-ear  lS.j->  youug  Mr.  Stanard,  who 
was  then  nineteen,  came  to  this  section  of  the 
country.  He  taught  school  for  three  years  in 
Madison  county,  Illinois,  and  when  school  was 
ni>t  in  session  he  studied  hard,  spending  all  he 
could  spare  from  his  salar\-  in  the  ]iursuit  of 
learning.  In  1N.")(!  he  accejHed  a  jiosition  as 
book-kee])er  lor  a  commission  firm  in  .\lton,  Illi- 
nois, which  cit\'  at  that  period  was  a  \igorons 
commercial  rival  of  .St.  Louis,  and  after  holding 
the  position  for  one  year  he  came  to  this  cit\- 
aiul  established  himself  in  the  commission  busi- 
ness. 

Tlmse  who  know  (Governor  Stanard  to-day 
can  easily  imagine  the  energy  and  earnestness 
he  forced  into  his  business  at  the  age  of  twenty- 
five,  and  it   is   not   surprising  that  he  soon  built 


Kid 


oi.n  Axn  xi-AV  ST.  i.oris. 


up  ail  e.xcfcdiii.ijly  valiial)le  l)usiiiess.  He  kept 
on  a(klin.y;  to  this  business  until  the  year  I'Siil, 
wIkii  tin-  t)lockadc  on  llie  Mississi])pi  ri\er  coni- 
pelled  liini  to  open  a  l)rancli  house  in  Cliica_!^o. 
After  the  blockade  was  raised  he  opened  a  third 
establishment  at  New  Orleans,  but  made  St. 
Louis  his  headquarters  and  directed  the  bulk  of 
his  very  profitable  business  from  that  point.  He 
continued  in  the  coniniission  business  until  the 
\'ear  l>i(!S,  when  he  closed  his  cc)ntracts  and 
entered  into  the  milling  business,  establishing 
the  house  which  has  continued  with  but  slight 
changes  until  now.  At  the  present  time  the 
output  is  2,500  barrels  a  da\',  and  is  steadily 
increasing.  St.  Louis  has  the  reputation  of 
being  the  best  winter  wheat  flour  market  in  the 
world,  and  the  E.  O.  Stanard  Milling  Company 
has  much  to  do  with  maintaining  that  reputation. 

Mr.  Stanard  has  been  actively  connected  with 
the  Merchants"  Exchange  for  over  a  quarter  of 
a  centurv.  In  istli;  he  was  elected  to  the  pres- 
idenc)-,  making  one  of  the  ablest  of  the  many 
splendid  presidents  the  E.xchange  has  been  fort- 
unate in  electing.  He  was  shortly  afterwards 
elected  \ice-president  of  the  National  Board  of 
Trade,  a  position  he  still  fills.  In  every  local 
enterprise  Mr.  Stanard,  or  Governor  Stanard,  as 
he  is  inwariably  called,  has  been  foremost.  Few- 
men  have  labored  so  unselfishly  or  successfnlh' 
to  secure  the  deep  water  between  St.  Louis  and 
the  Gulf,  and  he  has  also  done  good  service  to 
the  city  in  the  way  of  removing  unfair  discrim- 
inations against  it  in  the  matter  of  railroad  rates. 

The  (jovernor  has  always  been  an  earnest 
supporter  of  the  Exposition,  and  one  of  the 
hardest  workers  on  its  board.  He  w-as  presi- 
dent of  the  board  of  directors  during  the  18!I3 
season,  when,  in  spite  of  the  hard  times  andthe 
overwhelming  competition  in  Chicago,  a  hand- 
.some  profit  was  realized.  He  was  also  one  of 
the  first  to  come  to  the  front  and  assist  in  estab- 
lishing the  .\utumnal  Festi\-ities  Association. 
He  is  first  vice-president  of  the  association, 
and  also  chairman  of  the  committee  on  trans- 
portation. He  is  also  a  director  of  the  St. 
Louis  Trust  Company,  and  was  for  fourteen 
years  president  of  the  Citizens'  Fire  Insurance 


Companv,  which  institution  was  uniformly  ])ros- 
])erous  under  his  managemenl. 

In  politics  Cxovernor  Stanard  is  a  Republican. 
In  iNfi.s  he  was  elected  Lieutenant-Governor  of 
Missouri,  and  shortK'  afterwards  was  elected  to 
the  Forty-third  Congress,  from  what  was  then 
known  as  the  second  district.  In  Congress  he 
worked  hard  for  local  measures  as  well  as  for 
national  reform,  and  he  succeeded  in  securing 
liberal  ajiprojirialions  for  impnixing  the  ri\-er, 
as  well  as  the  establishment  ol  the  jetty  system, 
which  has  since  proved  so  uniformly  ad\an- 
tageous.  On  leaving  Congress,  Governor  Stan- 
ard retired  to  a  great  extent  from  active  politics, 
and  although  he  has  assisted  his  partv  by  advice 
and  counsel,  he  has  declined  to  accept  nomi- 
nations, although  man\-  have  been  tendered  him. 

( lovernor  Stanard  is  an  acti\e  member  of  the 
-Methodist-Episcopal  Church,  having  been  con- 
nected with  the  denomination  for  thirty-five 
years.  He  is  well  known  as  a  philanthropist,  and 
takes  part  with  great  \-igor  in  all  mo\'ements  in 
connection  with  his  church.  In  IJS.SI  he  was 
elected  b\-  the  ^lissouri  Conference  as  a  delegate  to 
the  great  Ecumenical  Conference  in  London,  En- 
gland, and  he  fulfilled  his  trust  well.  In  short, 
Ciovernor  Stanard  has  from  his  youth  up  been 
an  excellent  citizen  and  a  good  neighbor.  Few 
men  are  better  known  throughout  the  West 
and  South,  and  fewer  still  are  more  highly  re- 
spected. He  i^  now  sixt>-  years  of  age,  but  does 
not  consider  himself  an  old  man,  and  still  looks 
after  his  business  personalh'. 

In  IrSofi  Mr.  .Stanard  married  Miss  Esther 
Kauffman,  of  Iowa  City,  Iowa.  He  has  four 
children — two  sons  and  two  daughters — Cora  Z., 
now  Mrs.  Edgar  D.  Tilton,  of  St.  Louis;  Will- 
iam K.,  Ella,  and  Edward  ().,  Jr. 

vSmith,  Andrew  Jack.sox. — The  distin- 
guished soldier  and  patriot  who  is  the  subject  of 
this  biograpln-,  inherited  patriotic  and  war-like 
blood,  and  it  was  natural  that  he  should  find  him- 
self adapted  to  the  life  of  a  soldier;  and  that  he 
should  win  honor  and  distinction  amid  the  rush 
and  destruction  of  battle,  is  but  the  fulfillment 
of  the  decree  of   heredit\'.      His  father,  Creneral 


So^c  ^^^^..^ 


/>'/()(, A\  U'///C.  II.  AI'I'EXDIX. 


KH 


Saimiel  Siuitli,  won  distinction  and  his  title  in 
tlic  warof  l''^!:^.  He  was  a  friend  of  Lafayette, 
and  was  witli  tliat  great  Frenclnnan  wlien  he 
\-isiled  l'hiladel])hia.  Tlie  elder  vSniith  was 
born  in  Bncks  connt\'  in  1742.  He  owned  a 
ver\-  fine  farm  on  the  Delaware,  and  after  the 
war  of  l>il-  he  resigned  his  coniniission  and 
returned  to  the  farm,  where  he  died  in  1^;!^,  at 
the  ri]ie  age  of  ninety-six  )ears. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  l)i)rn  just  at 
the  close  of  this  second  attemjjt  of  (ireat  Britain 
to  crush  the  Colonies.  A])ril  2S^  isi"),  was 
the  date  of  his  birth,  and  the  old  count\-  of 
Bncks,  one  of  the  three  Pennsyh'ania  counties 
settled  by  the  Quakers  in  the  sixteenth  century, 
was  his  Iiirthplace. 

In  tile  days  of  young  Andrew's  \-outh  the 
jinblic  schiiol  (if  the  jiresent  day  was  unknown, 
but  of  course  the  best  private  institution  of  the 
times  was  to  be  had  near  home,  as  Philadel- 
phia was  at  that  time  the  center  of  ci\'ilizatiiin 
and  cidture  for  the  western  world.  Therefore, 
the  boy  obtained  the  best  education  to  be 
afforded  b\'  a  ])rivate  school  in  Philadeljihia,  at 
which  institution  he  st\idied  until  his  eighteeuth 
>ear. 

.\t  that  time,  or  in  l.s^U,  he  was  a])pointed  a 
cadet  by  the  great  president  after  whcnn  he  was 
named — (ieneral  Andrew  Jackson.  IK- entered 
West  Point  Juh  1,  b'^^U,  and  graduated  tliere- 
from  on  July  I,  b'^;'>''>.  He  was  gi\-en  the  com- 
missiiiu  of  a  secoud  lieutenant,  and  ser\'ed  at 
Carlisle,  Penns>  l\auia,  at  the  school  for  ca\-alry 
practice  during  parts  of  ISHS  and  IN.l!'.  He 
was  then  put  on  recruiting  service  during  jiarls 
of  l.s;ili  an<l  b^m.  In  ilu-  latter  jKUt  of  the 
latter  ^•car  he  was  sent  on  I  lie  exjicdition  to  the 
Pottawolomie  country.  During  l.S4(i,  '41  and 
'42  Ik-  \sas  located  at  b'ort  Leaxi-uworth,  excc])t 
during  a  brief  time  in  b'^ll,  when  he  was 
ordered  to  Jefferson  Barracks,  .St.  Louis.  He 
was  (U'dered  to  I'orl  (iibsou,  Indian  Territory, 
in  lMi;i,  and  in  the  same  \ear  he  was  ordered 
to  return  to  b'ort  I,ea\-(.-n\\orth,  where  he  re- 
mained until   b^-i  l.'i. 

( )n  Mart'h  I,  IS  I."),  he  was  created  a  first  lieu- 
tenant ol   (IraL-ooirs,    and    in  the   same    \'ear  was 


ordered  on  an  expedition   to  the  Rock\-   mount- 
ains. 

When  the  war  with  Mexico  broke  out,  he 
was  immediately  ordered  to  the  front,  being  the 
first  lieutenant  of  a  regimcut  connnanded  by 
(ieneral  Stephen  Kearney.  IMiil  Kearne)-,  after- 
ward renowned  as  a  great  Indian  fighter,  was 
also  in  the  command  of  ( General  .Ste])hen,  who 
was  his  uncle.  As  young  Phil  likewise  held  the 
rank  of  a  lieutenant,  the  \-oung  men  became 
fast  friends  before  the  cam])aigii  had  ]in)gressed 
very  far. 

The  command  had  scarcely  reached  the  seat 
of  war  when  (xeneral  Kearney  was  ordered  to 
return  to  the  East.  Directh'  after  tiiis,  Lieu- 
tenant Smith  was  ordered  to  Southern  California 
to  watch  the  interests  of  Uncle  ,Sam,  being  sta- 
tioned for  garrison  dut\-  at  San  Diego  during 
1.S4.S. 

On  February  Iti,  1M47,  the  \-i>ung  soldier  was 
again  promoted,  he  being  made  captain  of  the 
P'irst  Dragoons.  In  IMll*,  during  the  excite- 
ment and  wild  times  incident  to  the  discovery 
of  gold,  he  was  stationed  at  ,San  Francisco. 
Within  the  next  decade  he  was  stationed  at 
\arious  points  in  California,  Oregon  and  Wash- 
ington, and  engaged  in  many  expeditions  and 
campaigns  again.st  the  Indians. 

.Ma\  l"i,  IShl,  he  was  created  a  major  of 
dragoons,  and  a  little  later  was  sent  from  Wash- 
ington Territory  on  an  exjiedition  to  the  Xcz 
Perces  ageucv.  While  there  he  recei\"ed  a  jx-r- 
eniptorv  call  to  return  to  San  P'rancisco,  from 
which  place  he  was  at  once  ordered  to  Wash- 
ington, where  he  was  expected  to  a.s.sist  in  put- 
ting down  the  rebellimi.  He  at  once  embarked 
for  New  York,  going  by  wa>-  of  the  Panama 
canal.  pAen  in  those  days  the  trip  from  San 
P'rancisco  to  New  York  was  not  only  expensive 
but  tedious,  requiring  thirty  days'  time  to  com- 
plete it. 

rpini  his  arrival  in  Washington  he  was  cre- 
ated major  of  cavalry  on  .Vugu.st  iL  ISiil.  Only 
a  few  weeks  after  this,  or  on  OctoVier  2,  he  was 
created  colonel  of  the  Second  California  Cavalry 
\olunteers,  and  with  his  command  was  ordered 
west  to  join  the  Army  of  the  Tennessee,  when 


1  1 


ii;-_' 


oi.n  Axn  xi'AV  ST.  i.oris. 


he  was  appointed  cliief  of  hotli  llu-  ra\alr\ 
dcpartiiiciits  of  Missouri  ami  Mississippi.  Tliis 
office  he  lield  luilil   ISlJi. 

On  Marcli  17,  1<S()2,  he  was  made  a  bii.^adier- 
f^eueral  of  United  States  \'()luiitcers.  Then 
bejcan  a  campaign  unexaniiiled  in  acti\it\'  and 
hard  fijjhting  for  the  next  three  years.  Dnrinj^ 
l.S(i2,  Mi;5  and  '<i4  General  Smith  led  his  com- 
mand over  nearly  all  of  Alabama,  Mississip])i, 
ArkaiLsas  and  Tennessee,  and  (hiring  that  time 
saw  nearly  as  active  service  as  falls  to  the  lot 
of  any  soldier.  He  commanded  a  detachment 
of  the  Thirteenth  and  Sixteenth  Corps  part  of 
the  time,  and  the  battles  and  skirmishes  in 
which  he  gallanth-  led  his  troops  are  too  nnmer- 
ons  to  mention  here.  However,  it  might  be 
well  to  ennmerate  some  of  the  chief  engage- 
ments in  which  he  participated.  He  was  in  the 
bloody  siege  of  Corinth,  and  was  in  the  van  in 
the  courageous  assault  on  Chickasaw  Bluffs;  he 
was  all  through  the  tedious  and  dangerous  siege 
of  Vicksburg,  and  assisted  at  the  capture  of 
Port  Gibson;  he  cheered  his  men  up  Champion 
Hill  against  the  slaughtering  fire  of  the  enemy; 
he  was  the  chief  figure  in  the  Red  river  cam- 
paign; and  his  bravery  at  the  battle  of  Pleasant 
Hill,  Louisiana,  won  him  distinction;  in  May, 
1X1)4,  he  covered  the  rear  of  Hanks'  retreat,  and 
in  the  same  year  defended  St.  Louis  from  the 
threatened  attack  of  Price;  he  was  at  Tupelo 
and  Nashville,  and  in  lS(i4  commanded  a  de- 
tachment of  Thomas"  ariiu-  in  its  campaign 
against  Hood. 

On  April  10,  1864,  he  was  made  a  brevet  col- 
onel, "  for  gallant  and  conspicuous  bravery  at 
the  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill,  Louisiana."  ^lav 
it,  l'Si)4,  he  was  created  lieutenant-colonel  of 
the  Fifth  Cavalry,  and  three  days  later  was  made 
major-general  of  United  States  \'olunteers. 
Again,  at  the  battle  of  Tupelo,  by  his  brave  lead- 
ership in  the  assault  on  the  enemv  he  won  dis- 
tinction, and  the  title  of  brevet  brigadier-general 
was  conferred  on  him. 

At  the  battle  of  Xashville  he,  for  the  third 
time,  distinguished  him.self  by  his  conspicuous 
gallantry,  and  was  rewarded  by  having  the  title 
of  brevet  major-general  conferred  on  him. 


During  l<S(i,')  he  was  in  the  cani])aigns  in 
\arious  parts  of  Alabama,  was  at  the  battle  of 
M(il)ik-  and  led  the  attack  o\\  .Siuuiish  I'ort.  He 
was  mustered  (juI  of  the  N'olunteer  service,  Jan- 
uary l."i,  l.sdi;,  and  was  made  colonel  of  the 
Se\enth  Ca\'alry,  regular  army,  July  I'M,  IMiii, 
the  same  regiment  of  which  (reneral  Custer  was 
then  lieutenant-colonel.  In  lS(i7  and  isiis  he 
was  in  command  of  the  I'pper  Arkansas. 

In  1.S7:?,  his  old  commander.  General  Grant, 
recognizing  the  fact  that  a  man  who  had  ren- 
dered his  countr)-  such  signal  service  in  war 
could  not  but  prove  a  faitliful  ser\ant  in  ])eace, 
appointed  him  postmaster  of  St.  I^ouis.  He,  of 
course,  resigned  his  commission  in  the  army. 
He  served  the  people  of  St.  Louis  four  years, 
and  made  a  most  excellent  ci\il  official.  Imme- 
diately after  his  term  as  postmaster  had  expired, 
General  Smith  was  elected  city  auditor  and 
served  four  years. 

General  Smith  is  married  to  Miss  Anna  Siinj)- 
son,  daughter  of  Dr.  Robert  vSimpson,  of  .St. 
Louis.  They  lia\-e  one  son  li\iug,  William 
Beaumont  vSmitli,  who  has  undoubted  talent  as 
an  actor,  and  who  has  adopted  the  stage  as  his 
profession.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Booth  and 
Barrett  company  until  the  latter  died  and  the 
coiupan\-  was  thus  biokeu  uji. 

After  a  iiK)st  active  life  as  soldier  and  civilian, 
General  vSuiith  has  now  retired  to  his  handsome 
home  here  in  St.  Louis  to  rest  and  eiijox-  the 
honors  he  has  earned. 

Sci'DDKR,  Charij-:.s,  cit\-  treasurer  of  vSt. 
Louis,  is  one  of  the  cit\'s  reiiresentative  men, 
and  through  the  changes  of  manv  \ears  he  has 
been  identified  with  its  growth  and  history  in 
various  ways.  He  is  of  that  virile  Kentucky 
stock  which  has  played  such  a  conspicuous 
part  in  the  development  of  America,  and  is 
himself  a  native  of  that  State,  having  been 
born  at  Mavslick,  Mason  countv,  November  1, 
is;i;5. 

His  father,  Charles,  was  a  uati\'e  of  New 
Jerse\-,  wdiile  his  mother,  jMary  (Hood),  came 
from  Virginia.  His  father  was  a  physician, 
and     when     the     subject    of    this    sketch     was 


-^  / 


ni(  1(,RAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


ICiM 


two  years  old,  lie  emigrated  to  Indiana,  remov- 
ing from  that  State  to  St.  Louis  in  l.s;;7.  His 
three  sons,  John  A.,  Charles  and  W'm.  H.,  all 
became  leading  citizens  and  successful  men 
of  this  city.  W'm.  H.  is  now  dead.  John  A. 
is  \-ery  wealthy,  while  Charles  is  rising  toward 
the  zenith  of  a  most  active  and  honorable 
career. 

The  latter  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  the  city,  which  he  attended  until  he  was 
seventeen  years  old,  being  at  one  time  a  pupil 
of  the  late  Colonel 
Da\id  H .  Armstrong, 
who  was,  as  we  have 
already  seen, a  teach- 
er in  the  first  public 
school  opened  in  St. 
Louis.  W  h  en  he 
left  school  he  en- 
tered a  retail  dry 
goods  store  as  clerk, 
but  the  work  j^roving 
not  to  his  taste,  he 
secured  a  jiosition  as 
clerk  on  a  steam- 
boat, and  this  was 
the  beginning  of  a 
most  cxcntfnl  career 
on  the  river,  whose 
trade  was  then  at  its 
greatest  acti\it>-. 

He  next  liecame 
the  captain  of  a  Keo- 
kuk boat,  then  be- 
came identified  with 

the  Lower  JMississijjpi  and  the  Missouri  river 
trades.  Througliout  the  war  he  had  charge 
of  a  boat  store  at  Cairo,  and  at  the  end  of  the 
contest  returned  to  St.  Louis  and  became  iden- 
tified with  Messrs.  (hiswold  and  Clement  in  the 
management  of  the  Lindell  Hotel.  This  ar- 
rangement continued  for  t\\el\-e  \ears,  or  until 
1888,  when  he  was  elected  to  tiie  office  of  ])ublic 
administrator  on  the  Republican  ticket.  The 
next  public  trust  conferred  on  him  was  the  one 
he  now  holds  as  cit\'  treasurer,  lo  whicli  lu- 
was  elected  in   IMl'.'l. 


chari.es  scudder. 


He  has  proved  in  every  cajjacitN'  that  he  is  a 
citizen  who  can  be  trusted,  and  that  his  fellow- 
citizens  ha\'e  not  erred  in  conferring  honors 
ujjon  him.  Mr.  Scudder  was  married  in  l8('i() 
tt)  .Miss  Sarah  \'.  Rogers,  of  Marion  count}', 
.Missouri.  Nine  children  have  been  born  to 
them,  eight  of  whom  are  still  lixdng. 

I.S.v.vcs,  HiCXRV  (1.,  is  a  nati\e  of  the  cit\-  of 
ISrotherlv  Love,  and  was  born  in  1840.  He 
passed  his  bovhood  in  New  York,  and  was  edu- 
cated in  Trinit\' 
School  of  that  city, 
from  which  he  grad- 
uated to  enter  the 
architectural  office 
of  Richard  I'pjohn, 
in  that  day  a  famed 
architect  of  the  great 
metropolis.  The 
boy  early  displayed 
marked  talent  in 
architectural  draw- 
ing and  design,  and 
under  such  an  e.xcel- 
1  c  n  t  tutor  made 
rapid  j^rogress,  .soon 
becoming  his  teach- 
er's iiualuable  as- 
sistant. In  18()4  he 
came  to  St.  Louis, 
which  was  then,  as 
now,  a  better  field 
for  the  architect  than 
llu-  eastern  cities, 
which  have  already  passed  through  their  .sea.son 
of  greatest  growth. 

On  reaching  this  city  he  entered  the  oflfice  of 
George  I.  Barnett  as  an  assistant,  subsequently 
becoming  that  gentleman's  partner.  In  18(i7  this 
liarlnershi|i  was  dissolved  to  permit  Mr.  Isaacs 
to  establish  a  business  of  his  own.  I'rior  to  this 
his  ability  had  attracted  the  attention  of  capi- 
talists, and  since  he  has  been  in  business  on  his 
own  account  there  lias  been  no  lack  of  inipor- 
laui  commissions.  He  has  contributed  in  a 
marked  and   material   wav  lo  the  development 


nu 


()/./'  ./.\7)  A/;;;'  sv:  /.or/s. 


of  St.  I/Diiis,  and  alli-ntiDii  need  only  he  called 
to  the  Samuel  C  Davis  liuildiiii;,  the  Ames 
r.lnck,  the  Odd  I'ellows  Hall  ISnildiny;,  llie  Mer- 
cantile J^ihrary,  tlie  Hank  of  Commerce  IJnild- 
ing  and  the  New  Planters"  House,  whicli  were 
desiofned  1)\'  him,  to  establish  the  fact  of  his 
skill  aud  al)ilil\'  as  an  arcliitect.  His  plans 
have  been  submitted  to  the  severest  tests  of  time 
and  criticisui,  and  he  is  reco<j;nized  both  \\ithiu 
and  willioul  the  profession  as  one  of  the  ablest 
and  most  advanced  architects  of  the  West.  .Mr. 
Isaacs  is  a  member  of  the  American  Institute 
of  Architects. 

B.\KNKT'r,  CjKORgk  I.,  the  son  of  Absolom 
and  Sarah  (Ingham)  Barnett,  was  born  in  Not- 
tingham, England,  on  the  2(lth  of  March,  1<S1.'). 
He  was  educated  in  that  country  at  the  classical 
school  founded  by  the  celebrated  Agnes  Rlal- 
lowes,  established  for  the  education  of  Burgess' 
sons. 

He  came  to  America  on  the  1st  of  April, 
If^iili,  aud  settled  for  a  time  in  the  cit\'  of  New 
York.  Late  in  the  autumn  of  that  year  he  re- 
moved to  ,St.  Louis,  and  has  since  remained  an 
honored  and  leading  citizen  of  that  city.  In 
the  spring  of  the  following  year  he  established 
himself  in  the  business  of  an  architect.  His 
first  professional  work  in  vSt.  Louis  was  in  draw- 
ing the  perspective  \'iew  of  the  present  Court 
House  for  vSingleton  &  Foster,  then  the  ouh- 
architects  in  the  cit\-,  aud  who  had  charge  of 
that  work.  His  next  professional  work  was  the 
production  of  a  perspective  view  of  the  St. 
.  Louis  Theater,  which  was  of  such  merit  as  to 
be  preserved  in  the  historical  societ\-  of  the 
city.  In  the  spring  of  1840  he  was  emplo\ed 
by  the  firm  of  Clark  &  Lewis,  then  leading 
architects,  who  built  the  church  of  St.  \'inceut 
de  Paul. 

Among  the  more  iHomineut  aud  notable  struct- 
ures supervised  by  Mr.  Barnett,  as  the  architect, 
may  be  mentioned  St.  Clary's  Church,  the  old 
Post-office  Building  ( from  which  work  he  was 
discharged  for  voting  for  Thomas  H.  Benton 
and  again.st  James  K.  Polk),  the  old  and  new 
vSouthern   Hotel,    Liudell   Hotel,  the  Ceutenarv 


Ciiurch,  L'nion  .Methodist  Church,  Third  Pres- 
byterian Church,  the  Kquitable  Building,  Barr's 
store,  and  made  drawings  for  a  ])art  oi  the 
Planters'  House.  He  was  also  architect  for  the 
late  Henry  Shaw,  suj^eriutending  the  construc- 
tion of  all  of  his  buildings,  as  well  as  those  at 
the  Fair  Grounds.  In  competition  with  architect 
Upjohn,  of  Boston,  he  made  drawings  for  Trin- 
il\-  Church,  which  were  presented  b\-  Martin 
E.  Thomas.  He  also  suggested  to  the  late 
James  Lucas  aud  laid  out  Lucas  Place.  ( )\er 
2, .")()()  of  the  fine  residences  of  the  cit\-  are  the 
production  of  his  work.  In  his  ])rt)fessional 
labors  Mr.  Barnett  has  become  an  interesting 
part  of  historical  St.  Louis. 

He  was  first  married  to  Miss  .Vun  Lewis,  of 
this  cit\-,  in  b'^Ki,  b\-  whom  he  has  three  chil- 
dren— Sarah  (  now  Mrs.  Lewis  Drew,  of  Daven- 
port, Iowa),  Emma  (now  Mrs.  Frank  A.  Drew, 
of  St.  Louis),  and  Absolom,  an  architect  in 
San  Francisco.  The  grandchildren  were  twenl\- 
three  in  number,  and  but  one  death  has  occurred 
in  the  family  since  his  first  marriage. 

The  second  marriage  was  in  ls.")S,  to  Miss 
Lizzie  Armstrong,  by  whom  he  has  four  chil- 
dren— Marv,  Elizabeth,  (xcorge  I),  aud  Thomas. 

Jdhxsox,  Ciiaki.k.s  Philip,  was  born  at  Leb- 
anon, St.  Clair  county,  Illinois,  January  18, 
is;')!;.  His  parents  were  Heurx-  and  F'h'ira 
(  Fouke  )  Jt)hnst)n.  The\-  were  auK)ng  the  pio- 
neers of  the  Mississippi  ^'alle^■.  His  maternal 
grandparents  came  froui  \'irgiuia  and  settled 
before  the  beginning  of  the  present  century  at 
Kaskaskia,  where  his  mother  was  born.  His 
father  was  born  in  Philadelphia.  His  mother,  a 
wouian  of  strong  character  and  fine  mind,  many 
of  whose  marked  traits  her  son  inherited,  is  still 
living  aud  is  an  inmate  of  his  home. 

With  a  natural  thirst  for  knowledge,  he  luade 
the  best  possible  use  of  the  limited  advantages 
that  were  afforded  by  the  common  schools  of 
Belle\  ille.  He  supplemented  the  education  ob- 
tained there  by  a  year's  study  in  McKendree  Col- 
lege, just  before  he  came  to  St.  Louis.  Like 
Franklin,  the  subject  of  our  sketch  acquired  much 
of  the  education  that  hasbeen  of  practical  \'alue  to 


^' 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


Kio 


him  ill  a  priiiliiijf  office,  he  ha\  iii.^  learned  "  the 
art  preservative  of  all  arts,"  and  when  but  ei<;ht- 
eeii  years  old  pid)lished  a  \veekl\-  iK-\\spapcr  at 
Sparta,  Illinois. 

In  IS.").")  he  came  to  St.  Lonis  and  read  law 
with  Judi^e  William  C.  Jones  and  (General  R.  K. 
Wino^ate,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  l.s.')7. 
The  conntry  was  e\'en  then  entering;  the  pre- 
liminarv  stages  of  the  political  strife  which  was 
soon  to  precipitate  it  into  a  miijhlv  ci\il  war. 
Ardent,  patriotic  and  andntions  as  was  jonng 
Johnson,  jnst  entering  njjon  the  threshold  of  his 
career,  it  can  easilv  be  nnderstood  how  difficnlt 
it  would  be  for  him  to  remain  inactive.  It  was 
impossible  for  him  to  do  so,  and  he  at  once  en- 
tered heart  and  sonl  into  the  free-soil  movement, 
and  became  an  active  partisan  and  (me  of  the 
trusted  lieutenants  of  that  dashing  and  chi\-alric 
leader,  Frank  P.  Blair. 

In  the  spring  of  I-Soirl,  Mr.  Johnson  waselected 
cit\'  attorne\'  for  the  term  of  two  \'ears.  Dur- 
ing the  memorable  campaign  of  ISIIO  he  was 
an  active  supporter  of  Abraham  Lincoln.  When 
the  first  call  was  issned  for  troops  in  istll,  he 
enlisted  and  served  as  a  lieutenant  in  the  Third 
Regiment  Missouri  Infantry.  During  this  time 
he  assisted  Morgan  L.  and  (liles  P".  Smith  in 
recruiting  the  famous  lughlh  Missouri  Regi- 
ment, which  he  tendered  to  President  Lincoln 
in  ]ierson.  He  was  elected  major  of  the  regi- 
ment, but  declined  on  account  of  poor  health. 

When  the  di\ision  occurre<l  in  the  Republican 
partv  in  St.  Louis,  in  ISti:^,  and  one  wing  of 
the  C(mgressional  Conxention  nominated  I'rank 
P.  Hlair  as  a  candidate  for  Congress,  Mr.  John- 
son was  nominated  b\-  the  other,  but  he  ileclined 
the  nomination  (  being  then  barely  old  enough 
to  be  eligil)le  ),  and  placed  Hon.  Sanniel  Kno.x 
in  uoniinalinn,  who  was  elected  o\-er  (ieneral 
Blair. 

He  then  accepted  a  nomination  lor  the  Le.gis- 
lature,  and  was  elected.  He  was  appointed 
chairman  of  the  Connnittee  on  Kniancipation, 
and  his  brilliant  oratorical  ability  soon  made  him 
leader  of  the  Honst'.  He  endeavored  to  per- 
siuule  the  pro-sla\cr\  parl\-  to  accept  President 
Lincoln's  proposition    to   ])a\    the  sla\e   holders 


who  had  remained  faithful  to  the  Union  for 
their  slaves.  Mr.  Johnson  came  out  for  uncon- 
ditional and  immediate  emancipation,  and  intro- 
duced the  bill  calling  the  State  convention.  In 
the  bitter  contest  for  the  I'uited  .States  Senator 
at  this  session,  Mr.  Johnson  was  an  unwavering 
supporter  of  B.  Gratz  Brown,  and  rather  than 
gi\'e  up  his  candidate  he  forced  an  adjounnnent 
b\-  joining  his  forces  with  those  of  Hon.  John 
S.  Phelps,  and  an  election  of  senator  was  thus 
]5revented.  In  the  fall  of  l?5(i4  Mr.  Johnson 
was  nominated  for  Congress,  but  Hon.  Samuel 
Knox  ran  as  an  independent  candidate,  dividing 
the  Republican  vote,  and  Mr.  John  Hogan  was 
elected. 

The  Convention  l)ill  was  passed  at  the  ad- 
journed session  of  the  lyegislatiire  in  the  win- 
ter of  18(33—64,  and  the  State  convention  met  in 
St.  Louis,  in  January,  18(54.  It  immediately 
passed  an  ordinance  freeing  the  slaves  and  then 
proceeding  to  form  what  is  known  as  the 
"Drake  Constitntion,"  which  was  snl)mitted  to 
the  people  for  adoption  in  ^lay  following.  Mr. 
Johnson  made  a  canvass  of  the  State  in  opposi- 
tion to  the  new  constitntion,  on  account  of  its 
intolerant  and  proscriptive  features,  and  was 
elected  to  the  Legislatnre  the  following  fall,  as 
a  member  at  large  from  vSt.  Lonis  count)-.  In 
the  fall  of  l.S()()  he  was  appointed  circuit  attor- 
ney for  the  cit\-  and  county  of  St.  Louis;  in 
1S()8  was  elected  to  the  same  position,  which 
he  held  for  six  \-ears. 

When  the  liberal  Rejiidjlicau  movement  was 
inaugurated  in  this  .State,  Mr.  Johnson  gave  it 
his  adhesion,  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  State 
convention  that  sent  delegates  to  the  Cincinnati 
convention  which  nominated  (ireeley  and  Brown. 
In  \>^~i'l  he  was  nominated  for  and  elected  lien- 
tenant-governor  on  the  ticket  headed  by  Silas 
Wood.son.  He  made  a  model  presiding  officer 
of  tlie  Senate,  and  was  distinguished  for  his 
knowledge  of  parliamentary  law  and  his  fair- 
ness and  impartiality. 

During  the  time  he  was  lieutenant-governor, 
Mr.  Johnst)n  made  a  departure  from  the  nsnal 
course  of  the  presiding  officers  of  the  Senate  by 
Inuinsj  introduced  in  the  Senate  a  bill  abrogat- 


10() 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


ino^  what  was  known  as  tlie  "Social  Kvil  Law" 
in  St.  Louis,  an  ordinance  providin,t;  for  licens- 
ing of  houses  of  ill-repnte,  and  ad\-ocatint^  upon 
the  floor  of  the  Senate  the  passage  of  the  bill. 
It  was  mainly  through  his  efforts  the  bill  was 
pa.ssed  and  the  disgraceful  "Social  Evil  Law" 
expunged  from  the  municipal  statute  book  of 
St.  Louis. 

In  1. SSI)  Go\ernor  Johnson  was  again  elected 
to  the  Legislature  and  secured  the  passage  of  a 
law  making  gambling  a  felony,  punishable  by 
imprisonment  in  the  penitentiary,  and  during 
the  following  year  he  conducted  his  memorable 
fight  against  the  "gambling  ring,"  which  ended 
in  its  complete  overthrow  and  destruction. 

At  no  time  has  (roveruor  Johnson  permitted 
politics  or  the  holding  of  ofhce  to  interfere  with 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  devoted  him- 
self largely  to  the  criminal  practice,  and  has 
established  a  reputation  as  one  of  the  foremost 
criminal  lawyers  in  the  West,  having  been  con- 
nected with  most  of  the  leading  criminal  cases, 
not  only  in  this  city  and  State,  but  throughout 
the  West,  his  practice  including  the  States  of 
Illinois,  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Mississippi, 
Kansas,  Colorado  and  other  States.  He  is  asso- 
ciated with  his  brother,  John  D.  Johnson,  em- 
inent as  a  civil  law\'er,  and  gix'es  his  attention 
almost  entirely  to  the  criminal  branch  of  the 
business. 

Whether  as  a  statesman,  ad\-ocating  measures 
for  the  welfare  of  the  people;  a  lawyer  plead- 
ing the  cause  of  the  weak  or  innocent;  a 
public  prosecutor  arraigning  criminals  at  the 
■bar  of  justice;  or  a  citizen  in  the  walks  of 
private  life,  Governor  Johnson  has  always  been 
the  same  dignified,  courteous  gentleman,  so 
demeaning  himself  as  to  command  the  respect 
and  admiration  of  all  who  know  him. 

Governor  Johnson  is  notably  domestic  in  his 
tastes  and  habits.  He  has  been  twice  married. 
His  first  wife  was  Miss  Estelle  Parker,  h\  whom 
he  has  four  children — two  daughters,  one  the 
wife  of  Hon.  J.  F.  Merryman,  of  this  city,  and 
the  other  the  wife  of  Mr.  George  Cook,  the 
noted  patent  lawyer,  of  Xew  \\>rk  Cit\-;  Harrv 
T.,  age  twent\-one,  who  is  a  student  in  the  law 


department  of  the  Washington  University,  and 
Ralph,  age  eighteen,  who  is  attending  Bethany 
College,  at  Bethany,  West  Virginia.  His  second 
wife  was  Louise  Stevens,  daughter  of  a  former 
res]-)ected  and  prosperous  merchant  of  vSt.  Louis, 
by  whom  he  has  three  children — two  boys, 
Albert  W.  and  Charles  P.,  and  one  daughter, 
Louise,  who  is  about  the  same  age  of  the  \oung- 
est  of  his  four  grandchildren. 

Kknn.\rd,  S.\muel  M.,  is  perhaps  the  most 
typical  new  St.  Louisan  the  city  has  seen. 
Although  no  longer  a  young  man  he  retains  all 
the  energy  and  restless  activit)'  of  \-outh,  and 
although  at  the  head  of  the  largest  exclusi\e 
carpet  house  in  .America,  he  still  finds  time  to 
devote  to  e\-ery  movement  which  is  designed  to 
advance  the  citj-'s  interests  and  to  help  forward 
e\ery  project  calculated  to  make  St.  Louis  met- 
ropolitan in  everv  sense  of  the  word. 

To  detail  Mr.  Kennard's  public  work  during 
the  last  ten  or  fifteen  years  would  be  to  re-write 
the  history  of  New  St.  Louis.  He  helped  to 
organize  the  Mercantile  Club,  which  has  been  of 
such  marked  \-alue  to  the  cit\-  in  many  ways, 
and  from  the  first  he  was  among  the  most  active 
advocates  of  street  illuminations,  fall  festivities 
and  other  methods  of  attracting  \-isitors  and  en- 
tertaining them;  and  as  res  iioii  verba  is  one  of 
the  leading  maxims  of  his  daily  life,  his  advo- 
cacy meant  putting  his  shoulder  to  the  wheel 
rather  than  telling  other  people  what  to  do. 

He  was  the  first  to  insist  on  the  possibility  of 
erecting  an  Exposition  Building  and  holding  an 
annual  exposition,  and  when  he  had  persuaded 
other  leading  men  to  fall  in  line,  he  showed  his 
faith  in  the  project  by  liberal  cash  contributions, 
and  bv  giving  the  work  his  daily  and  almost 
hourly  attention.  When  the  structure  was 
completed  he  had  the  pleasure  of  declaring  the 
first  exposition  open.  He  was  president  during 
the  first  eight  highly  successful  seasons,  and  is 
still  a  director  of  the  association. 

It  was  Mr.  Kennard  who  presided  o\er  the 
historical  meeting  of  May  11,  ISiH,  when  the 
.Vntumual  Festivities  Association  was  formed, 
and  as    president  of    the    executive    committee 


/i/(u,h\ \riiicAL  APri-:\nix. 


ir,7 


he  was  the  i^uidino-  spirit  of  that  ori^anizatiuii 
(luring;  its  successful  career.  Tlie  new  IManters' 
House,  one  (if  tlie  finest  hotels  in  America, 
was  erected  liy  a  conipau}-  with  which  this 
gentleman  is  connected,  and  in  a  variety  of 
other  \va\'s  he  has  lent  his  influence,  energy, 
and  mone\-  to  projects  which  have  resulted  most 
advantageoush-  to  New  St.  Louis. 

Mr.  Kennard  is  about  fifty-two  years  of  age, 
ha\iug  been  born  in  l'S42.  Like  so  many  other 
l)roniinent  St.  Louisans  and  Missourians,  he 
claims  the  Blue  Grass  State  as  his  birthplace, 
hut  his  ancestors  for  several  generations  back 
had  resided  in  the  good  old  State  of  Ahir\land. 
I'roni  both  branches  Mr.  Kennard  comes  through 
American  stock.  One  of  his  grandfathers  fought 
in  the  war  of  lsl-_\  ami  more  than  one  of  his 
ancestors  fought  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  so 
that  he  is  a  son  of  America  in  e\'ery  sense  of  the 
word.  His  father,  Mr.  John  Kennard,  was  born 
in  Baltimore,  and  in  \>>'.\'.\  he  married  Miss 
Rebecca  ()wings  Mummey,  daughter  of  the  head 
of  the  firm  of  Mummey  ^t  Aleredith,  one  of  the 
largest  wholesale  drv  goods  merchants  in  the 
United  vStates  during  the  time  that  Baltimore 
com])eted  with  New  York  for  the  distinction  of 
l)eing  the  first  jobbing  point  in  the  country. 

Mr.  John  Kennard  moved  into  Kentucky 
about  nine  years  after  his  marriage  and  estab- 
lished himself  in  business  at  Lexington,  in  which 
town  hissmi,  .Samuel  M.,  wasbdni.  After  about 
twenty  years  this  business,  always  prosperous, 
had  outgrown  the  city  in  which  it  was  located. 
Casting  his  eye  around  for  a  more  suitable  place 
from  which  to  direct  his  operations,  Mr.  John 
Kenuanl  saw  that  .St.  Louis  was  both  the  gale- 
wa\-  of  tlu'  West  and  .South,  and  the  best 
distributing  ]ioint  in  the  country,  and  in  1S.')7 
he  located  hen-,  h'or  fifteen  years  his  life  was 
spared  to  .St.  Louis,  and  when  he  died  he  was 
mourned  as  a  \aluable  citi/en  as  well  as  a 
faithful  friend. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  and  subse(|nently  in  a  more 
adxanced  institnlion,  but  he  was  onl\-  lilleen 
years  of  age  when  lie  commenced  his  business 
career  in  his  father's  establishment  in  St.  Louis. 


When  the  war  broke  out  he  regarded  it  as  his 
dut\-  to  sujjport  the  .South,  and  when  only  nine- 
teen years  of  age  he  left  St.  Louis  and  enlisted 
in  the  Confederate  army,  serving  in  the  artillery 
attached  to  Cockrell's  brigade  until  the  end  of 
the  war,  seeing  much  aeti\'e  ser\-ice  and  fighting 
shoulder  to  shoulder  with  a  number  of  men  wlio 
are  now,  like  himself,  looked  upon  with  the 
greatest  respect  by  St.  Louis  people  generally. 

His  military  career  terminated  in  June,  18()5, 
and  he  shortl\-  afterwards  returned  to  St.  Louis, 
via  New  Orleans,  and  was  made  a  partner  in  the 
car])et  house,  the  firm  name  being  changed  to 
J.  Kennard  &  Sons.  Mr.  .Samuel  M.  Kennard 
infused  a  great  deal  of  new  life  into  the  business, 
and  before  long  had  almost  exclusive  control  of 
the  buxing  dejxirtment.  ( )n  the  death  of  his 
father  the  firm  was  incorporated  under  the  .State 
law  as  the  J.  Kennard  iS:  .Sons"  Carpet  Compan\-, 
of  which  establishment  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
is  the  president  and  the  guiding  spirit.  He  has 
taken  several  long  trips  in  the  interest  of  the 
house,  and  possessing  to  a  marvelous  extent  the 
facult\",  the  conciliation,  and  friendship-mak- 
ing, he  has  succeeded  in  opening  up  new  terri- 
torv  and  in  vastly  increasing  the  scope  of  the 
firm's  o])erations.  \\\  only  one  respect  does  the 
great  carpet  company  resemble  the  com])ai"a- 
tively  small  Kentucky  house  from  which  it 
s])rung.  This  is  in  the  j^olicy  of  sterling  justice 
to  customers;  and  ihcconfidence  which  is  reposed 
in  the  house  is  something  unique  in  commer- 
cial history.  Its  traveling  men  cover  almost  the 
entire  country,  and  it  may  1)e  regarded  as  one  of 
the  most  lasting  bulwarks  of  .St.  Louis  com- 
merce. 

Mr.  Kennard  is  what  max  be  termed  an  inde- 
pendent I)emocrat,  always  glad  when  he  can 
give  to  liis  i)art\'  the  full  force  of  his  support. 
He  has  l)een  freipiently  asked  to  accept  political 
office,  and  when  he  can  be  jiersiiaded  to  accept 
the  mayoralty  nomination  he  will  be  sujiported 
by  the  commercial  element,  without  regard  to 
partw  He  married  in  the  \car  LSi;?  Miss  .\nnire 
R.  Maude,  sister  of  Jt>hn  I!.  Maude  and  Mrs.  1". 
C.  Sharijc,  of  tins  city,  and  has  a  family  of  six 
children.      Mr.    and    Mrs.   Kennard    and    familv 


168 


OLD  A.\7^  .\7iir  sv:  /jnvs. 


reside  in  an  descant  niaiisidii  mi  llie  ci>nier  of 
P(irllaii(l  ])lace  ami  Kius^'s   Hiy;li\vav  ht)ule\ai(l. 

Mention  has  already  Ijcen  made  of  Mr.  Ken- 
nard's  active  work  onlside  his  own  bnsincss. 
He  is  president  of  the  .\ntnninal  h'estivities  As- 
sociation; treasurer  of  the  Citizens'  Smoke 
Abatement  Association;  a  director  and  ex-pres- 
ident of  the  St.  Lonis  Exposition  and  Music 
Ilall  Associalinn;  a  member  of  the  Mercantile 
Club,  liavin<j  been  its  president  for  the  first  and 
second  year;  a  member  of  the  Noonday,  Com- 
mercial and  St.  Louis  clubs;  a  director  of  the 
American  Exchange  Bank,  the  Mississippi  Val- 
lev  Trust  Company,  and  the  Si.  Louis  and  Stib- 
urban  Railroad  Company;  and  ])resident  of  the 
Missouri  Sa\'ings  &:  Loan  C\>m])any. 

^Ir.  Kennard  is  a  prominent  member  of  the 
St.  John's  IVL  E.  Church,  South,  and  has  con- 
tributed most  liberally  towards  its  support.  In 
religion,  as  in  politics,  he  is  exceedingly  liberal, 
and  he  has  a  deep-rooted  objection  to  bitter  sec- 
tarianism or  religious  warfare  of  any  kind.  Al- 
though a  Protestant  by  education  and  con\'ic- 
tion,  he  has  seen  so  nuich  good  work  done  by 
Catholics  that  he  recognizes  in  them  co-laborers 
for  one  common  end;  and  during  his  war  career 
he  shared  a  blanket  every  night  for  two  }ears 
with  a  Catholic  jn'iest.  His  friends  are  members 
of  all  denominations,  and  sincerity  is  in  his 
judgment  the  one  thing  needful.  His  attitude 
on  the  drink  question  is  similar.  He  fights  in- 
temperence,  but  is  opposed  to  unduly  severe 
prohibition  legislation,  and  his  position,  although 
perfectly  logical,  has  in  consequence  been  some- 
times misunderstood.  The  various  institutions 
and  funds  with  which  he  is,  and  has  been,  con- 
nected ha\e  been  occasionally  criticised  in 
matters  of  detail,  but  the  people  generally  agree 
that  he  has  proved  a  faithful  steward  in  every  wav. 

G.^iKxxiK,  Fr.\nk,  general  manager  of  the  St. 
Louis  Exposition,  may  be  described  as  a  born 
organizer,  so  successful  has  he  been  in  arrang- 
ing and  organizing  public  enterprises  having 
Tor  their  object  the  betterment  of  St.  Louis,  and 
more  es]iecially  for  the  entertainment  of  visitors 
to  the  citv.    No  man  in  the  city  has  a  larger  num- 


bcrof  ])ers(inal  friends,  and  Mr.  ( 'laieunie  isso  jjro- 
verbialh-  faithful  that  he  is  in  the  confidence  of 
members  of  both  i)olitical  parties  and  of  rejire- 
sentatives  of  rival  factions  in  almost  ever\-  walk 
of  life. 

As  manager  of  the  Exj^osition  he  has  proved 
himself  to  be  the  right  man  in  the  right  ]ilace. 
He  was  appointed  at  a  time  wIru  interest  in  the 
annual  event  seemed  to  be  waning.  He  at  once 
took  hold,  conciliated  all  interests,  caused  a  re- 
Nival  of  friendly  ri\-alr}-,  and  introduced  so  many 
novelties  into  the  arrangement  and  management 
that  each  of  his  four  seasons  has  been  not  only 
successful  from  a  financial  standpoint,  1)ut  also 
an  artistic  and  musical  success  of  no  insignifi- 
cant character.  It  was  Mr.  (laiennie  who  ar- 
ranged for  the  largest  military  band  ever  seen 
upon  the  stage  of  any  building  in  the  world, 
and  ( lilmore's  One  Hundred  will  e\xr  be  remem- 
bered as  a  tribute  to  his  enterprise  and  daring. 

The  stidden  death  of  Colonel  (lilmore  during 
the  season  of  l.S!)2  placed  the  Exposition 
management  in  a  nu)st  untortunate  position, 
and  once  more  Mr.  Gaiennie's  tact  and  judg- 
ment was  manifest.  He  succeeded  in  not  only 
completingthe  musical  programme  for  the  yearin 
a  satisfactory  manner,  but  also  in  securing  for' 
subsequent  seasons  Sousa's  Unrivaled  Band, 
nndoubtedh'  the  greatest  mtisical  aggregation  in 
existence. 

As  secretary  of  the  Autumnal  Festivities 
.\ssociation,  Mr.  Gaiennie  during  the  years  bSUl , 
LSil2  and  1X93  did  yeoman  service  for  St.  Louis. 
It  is  impossible  to  give  him  too  nnicli  cretlil  for 
the  inception  of  the  idea  which  led  to  the  forma- 
tion of  the  association,  while  during  the  three 
seasons  of  its  active  work  he  took  charge  of  all 
the  immense  mass  of  detail  work,  declining  to 
accejDt  an}'  remuneration  for  services  worth 
many  thousands  of  dollars.  The  uniquely  suc- 
cessful St.  Louis  reception  to  the  Foreign  Com- 
missioners to  the  World's  Fair  was  a  result  of 
his  forethought  and  ingenuity,  and  the  manner 
in  which  he  secured  for  the  Exposition  of  l.Si)4, 
the  cream  of  the  Missouri  State  exhibit  at  the 
Columbian  Exposition,  stamps  him  as  a  diplo- 
matist as  well  as  an  organizer. 


^^ut^ 


l^icu^^y^' 


I 


BIOGKAPIIICAL  APPENDIX. 


169 


Mr.  (iaifunie  was  lx)rn  in  tlie  cit\'  of  New 
Orleans,  on  I'^ebrtiarx-  '.',  I'Sll.  lldtli  his  parents 
were  natives  of  Louisiana,  and  every  drop  of 
bU)od  in  ^[r.  Gaicnnie's  veins  is  American.  He 
was  edneated  in  tlie  public  and  ])ri\-ate  schools 
of  New  Orleans,  and  finally  graduated  in  the 
commercial  course  at  Belwood  Academ\-  near 
Natchitoches,  Louisiana,  ^Ir.  C.  C.  Preston 
l)ein<^  |)rincipal  at  the  time.  When  seventeen 
years  of  age  he  entered  into  mercantile  life  in 
Natchitoches,  and  three  years  later  was  mustered 
into  tlie  Confederate  army.  He  enlisted  in 
.\])ril,  ISCl,  and  on  ^hl\•  ITlh  was  enlisted  as  a 
pri\ate  in  company  (r,  Third  Louisiana  Infantiy. 

He  l)ore  the  brunt  of  a  severe  cam]xugn,  and 
was  elected  respecti\el\-  second  and  first  lieuten- 
ant. He  participated  in  the  battles  of  Wilson 
Creek,  Pea  Ridge,  luka  Springs,  the  second 
battle  of  Corinth,  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and 
all  of  the  inarches  and  skirmishes  incidental  to 
these  campaigns. 

He  was  ])aroled  at  Natchitoches  in  July, 
ISI).'),  and  at  once  obtained  a  position  as  clerk 
in  New  Orleans.  In  ISHii  lie  became  a  partner 
in  the  firm  of  P<.  K.  Converse  &:  Company,  from 
which  he  retired  in  1S7;').  In  that  year  he  came 
to  St.  [<ouis,  where  he  established  the  firm  of 
Gaiennie  (S:  AL-irks.  During  the  last  twenty-one 
vears  he  has  resided  continuously  in  this  city, 
and  has  been  a  prominent  member  of  the  Mer- 
chants" l^xchange  during  the  whole  of  that 
])eriod.  In  LSTH  he  was  elected  dii-ector  of  the 
PX'ciiauge,  and  in  1S,S2  became  its  vice-presi- 
dent, lie  was  elected  president  for  the  \ear 
LH1S7,  and  his  administration  was  an  e.\ception- 
ally  successful  one.  He  has  al.so  served  for 
tliree  consecutive  years  as  vice-president  of  the 
National  lioard  of  Trade. 

.\niong  the  other  positions  occuined  at  various 
times  by  Mr.  (xaiennic,  that  of  ])olice  commis- 
sioner, from  ISS.')  to  ISSS,  both  inclusive,  ma\- 
be  specialK'  mentioned.  He  was  al.so  secretary 
of  the  World's  Fair  Connnittee,  and  is  now 
a  vice-president  of  the  Confederate  Home  for 
indigent  Southern  soldier^  at  Higginsxille,  Mis- 
souri. ( )f  this  latter  institution  he  was  one  of 
the  original  promoters  and  incorporators,  and  lie 


spared  no  efforts  to  raise  the  large  sum  of  money 
necessary  for  the  admirable  objects  contemplated 
by  the  originators. 

Mr.  (iaiennie's  career  as  police  commissioner 
was  a  very  satisfactor)-  one,  and  it  is  an  open 
secret  that  it  was  largely  the  result  of  his  efforts 
that  both  James  G.  Blaine  and  Grover  Cleve- 
land visited  St.  Louis  during  the  year  1SK7. 
The  admirable  police  arrangements  during  the 
festi\ities  incidental  to  both  visits  are  not  likely 
to  be  forgotten  for  many  \ears  to  come,  and  the 
same  remark  apj^lies  to  another  conspicuous 
event  of  the  same  year  —  the  holding  of  the 
Grand  Army  Encampment  for  the  fir.st  time  in 
the  history  of  the  society  in  what  many  of  its 
members  regarded  as  a  Southern  city.  Mr.  Gai- 
ennie also  acted  as  grand  marshal  of  the  Papal 
Jubilee  Parade  on  October  2,  LS.ST,  and  held  the 
same  position  at  the  centennial  of  President 
Washington's  inauguration  on  .\])ril  ^in,  l.S.Sil. 

Mr.  Gaiennie  married  in  New  ( )rleans,  F^eb- 
ruarv  22,  1872,  ;\Iiss  Maria  Louisa  lilder.  Mr. 
and  ^Irs.  (jaiennie's  familv  consists  at  present 
of  two  daughters  and  four  sons,  their  oldest  son 
ha\-iug  recently  died. 

l')()orir,  JoH.x  N.,  was  a  native  Missourian, 
having  been  Ixnu  in  Clarksville,  Pike  county, 
.Missouri,  July  I,  LS.'i").  His  father.  Major  James 
W.  Booth,  was  the  son  of  Colonel  Wm.  Booth, 
a  veteran  of  the  Revolution  of  177(),  and  was 
Ijorn  near  Winchester,  \'irginia,  in  l^-Ol,  at  the 
old  home  of  the  Booth  family,  where  they  had 
lived  from  the  lime  that  the  first  .\merican 
member  of  the  family  had  emigrated  from  I{n- 
gland  in  the  year  li)7i).  The  old  house  stood 
until  recent  years,  and  iluring  the  civil  war  was 
in  the  very  center  of  the  battle-field  of  Win- 
chester, made  famous  to  the  younger  generation 
of  .\mericans  more  tlirough  the  incident  of  the 
thrilling  ride  of  General  Sheridan,  which  has 
been  immortalized  in  prose  and  poetry,  than 
through  the  battle  it.self,  important  as  it  was  in 
its  bearing  on  the  closing  issues  of  the  ci\  il  war. 

Major  Booth  spent  tlie  earlier  years  of  his  life 
in  Kentucky,  where  he  recei\ed  his  education, 
••radnatin":  with  honors  at  Transvlvania  College. 


17(1 


oi.i^  ,iA7->  A'/^Ji'  sr.  /.or/s. 


Ill  is;')(l  lie  came  to  Missouri,  settlint;"  at  Clarks- 
\illc.  Ik-ix-  lie  leiiiaiiied  tor  sixteen  years, 
enj';'aiiC(l  in  inerchaiulisiiiL;  and  milling;.  Dur- 
in,t!;  this  time  he  took  jiart  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war  and  j^jaincd  the  title  of  major.  He  married 
Miss  Sophronia  Naylor,  of  St.  Charles  county, 
Missouri,  whose  father  had  located  in  Missouri 
in  the  early  years  of  the  century,  in  IcS;};!.  He 
removed  to  St.  Louis  in  1S4(!,  recognizing  that 
it  was  destined  to  become  the  greatest  city  of 
the  ^lississippi  \'alle\',  and  desiring  to  find  a 
broader  field  for  liis  labors.  Here  he  soon  em- 
barked in  the  leaf  tobacco  and  general  commis- 
sion business,  and  the  firm  he  then  founded  has 
continued  in  business  up  to  the  present  date, 
conforming  as  occasion  might  arise  with  the 
changes  incident  to  the  development  of  the  busi- 
ness, and  has  alwa\s  been  in  the  front  rank  of 
the  progressive  business  houses  of  the  grow- 
ing metropolis. 

It  is  now  probabh'  the  oldest  estalilished  com- 
mission firm  in  vSt.  I^ouis,  and  one  of  tlie  oldest 
firms  of  anv  kind  in  the  city.  B>'  the  infusion 
of  fresh  methods  in  the  business  from  time  to 
time,  and  by  the  association  of  younger  men  in 
its  management,  it  not  only  maintains  the  ad- 
vantages accruing  from  its  half  century  of  high 
standing,  but  is  kept  in  close  touch  with  the 
present  times  and  methods. 

Arrived  in  St.  Louis  at  the  age  of  eleven 
years,  John  N.  Booth  received  his  education 
from  Mr.  Edward  Wyman,  an  ideal  teacher  and 
disciplinarian,  whose  niemor\-  is  revered  bv  the 
older  residents  of  the  city.  At  an  earh-  age  he 
.  left  school  and  became  associated  with  his 
father  in  business,  and  for  forty  years  thereafter 
was  connected  with  the  commission  business, 
and  was  a  master  of  its  every  detail.  While 
signally  successful  in  the  conduct  of  his  business 
during  these  many  years,  he  never  allowed  his 
time  to  be  entirely  taken  up  by  his  own  imme- 
diate interests,  but  whenever  occasion  presented 
itself  he  took  occasion  to  associate  himself 
with  matters  pertaining  to  the  general  l)usi- 
ness  interests  of  the  city,  among  other  things 
taking  an  active  part  in  the  conception  and 
establishment   of   Forest    Park,  which    has   now 


become  the  cit\\s  chief  pritle  and  embellish- 
ment. He  was  connected  as  a  director  from 
lime  to  time  with  a  large  iinm1>er  of  iiiipurlaiit 
local  enterprises,  notably  in  the  de\elojnnent  of 
the  great  grain  ele\-ator  interests  of  the  city, 
and  with  the  nianagemenl  of  the  Mechanics' 
Bank,  and  was  regular  in  attendance  at  meet- 
ings and  conscientious  in  his  voting  and  influ- 
ence. 

His  father.  Major  Booth,  was  a  man  of  a  sin- 
gularly affable  nature,  and  his  jiersonal  friends 
were  legion  in  consequence.  This  tpiality  was 
inherited  in  full  1)\-  the  son,  and  b\-  his  inanh-, 
conscientious  and  cheerful  nature  he  endeared 
himself  to  every  one  who  came  in  contact  with 
him.  While  having  such  a  large  ])ersonal  ac- 
quaintance, he  was  of  a  retiring  disposition,  and 
always  refused  to  allow  his  name  to  be  brought 
forward  at  conventions,  etc.,  although  frequentlj' 
importuned  to  do  so  by  his  friends.  More  than 
once  he  ct)uld  have  been  luiminated  president  of 
the  Merchants'  Exchange,  the  highest  honor  to 
which  a  merchant  can  aspire,  but  his  retiring 
nature  prevented  his  acceptance. 

He  was  the  son  of  Christian  parents  and  a 
practical  Christian  himself.  B\-  faith  a  Presby- 
terian, his  deep  religious  convictions  were  only 
e(|ualed  1)\'  his  entire  freedom  from  norrow  sec- 
tarianism. 

He  married  in  February,  IMW;,  Miss  Alice 
Garrison,  daughter  of  Hon.  I).  R.  (rarrison. 
Two  children  were  born,  a  son  and  a  daughter, 
and  the  former  survives  his  father  and  succeeds 
to  his  place  in  the  business,  and  to  the  heritage 
of  the  nol)le  reputation  which  he  has  left  be- 
hind him. 

Samuel,  Web.stkr  Mar.shall,  one  of  the 
most  prominent  members  of  the  Merchants' 
Exchange  and  advocates  of  Mississippi  river 
improvement,  was  born  on  March  7,  1X3-1. 
Like  so  manv  other  men  who  ha\-e  risen  to 
prominence,  Mr.  Samuel  was  born  in  the 
countr\-,  his  parent's  home  at  the  time  of  his 
l)irtli  being  at  the  little  town  of  Liberty,  Mis- 
souri. His  father,  Mr.  Edward  M.  .Samuel,  was 
among  the  earliest  settlers  at  that  place,  and  by 


c^^^  ^^^ 


#^ 


niOCRAPIIICAL  APPl-.XniX. 


171 


his  strict  attention  to  business  and  never-vary- 
ing integrity  he  earned  the  respect  of  liis  neigh- 
bors and  rose  to  the  position  of  president  of  the 
Farmers'  Bank  of  Liberty,  an  important  posi- 
tion which  lie  held  for  several  years.  Mrs.  E. 
M.  Samuel  was  fonnerly  Miss  Elizabeth  Garner, 
the  Garner  famih-  being  a  ])rominent  one  in 
Virginia  and  Kentucky  circles.  Mrs  Samuel 
was  a  great-granddaughter  of  Cieneral  John 
Trigg,  who  commanded  a  battalion  against 
Cornwallis  at  the  battle  of  Vorktown. 

Mr.  Web.  Samuel,  as  the  gentleman  has  al- 
ways been  known  among  his  friends  and  busi- 
ness associates,  graduated  from  Center  College, 
Danville,  Kentucky,  in  the  \ear  I.s.")2.  Six 
years  later,  when  he  was  but  twent\'-tour  years 
of  age,  he  entered  into  the  grain  and  commis- 
sion business,  and,  with  the  exception  of  an  in- 
terval during  the  war,  he  continued  in  this 
business  until  the  year  l-SSil,  when  he  accepted 
the  presidency  of  the  .St.  Louis  I'uited  Eleva- 
tors, a  corporation  which  owns  and  controls  all 
the  local  grain  elevators  with  but  two  excep- 
tions. 

'  The  nature  of  his  business  naturalh"  led  to 
Mr.  Samuel  locating  in  the  largest  city  in  the 
vState,  and  for  some  thirty-five  >ears  he  has  been 
identified  with  St.  Louis.  In  ist;.')  he  became 
connected  with  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  and 
nine  years  later  he  was  elected  its  president, 
his  administration  being  marked  by  unusual 
enterprise  and  rcpeale<l  successes.  Among  the 
offices  held  by  him,  the  vice-])residcncy  of  the 
Jettvs  Improvement  Compauv  may  be  mentioned 
as  one  of  the  most  important.  ISrouglU  into  con- 
stant contact  with  the  river  and  river  traffic,  ;\Ir. 
Samuel  became  convinced  of  the  absolute  neces- 
sity of  a  com]U'ehensi\e  scheme  of  rix'er  improve- 
uu'Ut.  ISi-sides  indi\idual  effort,  whieli  has 
proved  very  successful,  he  has  twice  acted  as  a 
delegate  to  \isit  Wasliington  and  urge  ui)on  tlic 
Federal  aullmrities  the  importance  of  river  im- 
proxemeul,  and  within  llulast  two  years  he  has 
been  mainh  instrumental  in  securing  legislation 
of  a  most  liberal  character  in  this  direclii)U. 

Mr.  SauMu-l  also  luiiu'd  his  allt-'Ulion  to  insur- 
ance work,  and  {o\  sexeral  years  was  president  of 


the  IMircuix  Company.  He  was  also  connected 
with  the  "Pony  Express,"  which  carried  the 
mail  from  vSt.  Joseph  to  San  Francisco,  the 
arduous  trip  being  made  by  aid  of  ponies  in  ten 
da}s.  Although  the  Union  Pacific  Railway  now 
runs  over  practically  the  same  route  as  that  fol- 
lowed by  the  jjonies,  the  time  has  only  been 
shortened  about  sixty  per  cent.  Mr.  Samuel 
became  connected  with  the  express  through  the 
firm  i)f  Russell,  Majors  (S:  Waddell,  who  were  the 
earliest  holders  of  government  freighting  con- 
tracts in  the  West.  Mr.  vSanuiel  ga\e  his  per- 
sonal attention  to  the  work  and  made  more  than 
one  tour  of  inspection  along  the  then  danger- 
ous route.  In  this,  as  in  all  other  matters,  he 
regarded  the  interests  of  the  public  as  his  own, 
and  it  is  this  vigorous  unselfishness  whicli  lias 
made  his  career  so  successful  and  earned  for 
liiin  the  hearty  respect  of  his  fellow-citizens. 
Mr.  Samuel  married  in  the  year  IS.')?,  a  daugh- 
ter of  .Mr.  William  H.  Russell,  senior  member 
of  the  firm  of  Russell,  Majors  &  Waddell, 
already  referred  to.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Samuel  ha\e 
had  seven  children,  the  oldest  of  whom,  who  is 
named  after  his  grandfather,  is  now  a  member 
of  the  firm  of  .\dams  &;  Samuel,  grain  and 
commission  merchants.  The  other  .sons  are, 
W.  R.  Samuel,  I'eujamin  A.  vSamuel,  Webster 
M.  Samuel,  Jr. ,  and  Xewnian  Samuel.  Both 
the  daughters,  Fanny  and  Ivlizabeth,  are  mar- 
ried, the  former  being  now  Mrs.  Jolin  a  Si)oor, 
wife  of  the  general  manager  of  the  Wagner  Pal- 
ace CompaiU';  and  the  latter  Mrs.  Daniel  frar- 
rison,  of  this  city. 

H.wivS,  Jo.siciMi  M. — .\moug  the  men  who 
have  helped  to  make  the  commercial  history  of 
the  great  city  of  St.  Louis,  and  whose  sterling 
traits  of  character  and  unaided  efforts  have  raised 
them  to  a  high  jiositioii,  none  are  more  worthy 
of  mention  than  Joseph  M.  Hayes,  the  head  of 
the  great  woolen  house  bearing  his  name.  His 
biography  is  most  interesting,  and  should  prove 
an  encouragement  to  the  young  man  just  enter- 
ing ui>on  the  struggle  of  life,  as  it  shows  success 
to  be  certain  t<>  him  who  pcsse.sses  within  him- 
self the  elements  which  deserxe  it. 


172 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOCfS. 


Joseph  -M.  Ha\es  was  Iwni  in  Cincinnati, 
( )liio,  Fcl)niar\  17,  ISKi;  fixe  \cars  allerwards, 
howLnx-r,  liis  jiarcnls  moved  from  Cincinnati  to 
Illinois,  finally  locating  at  Peoria,  where  yonni^; 
Hayes  received  his  education,  attendin_ti  pul)lic 
schools,  and  afterward  Fay's  Academy,  leavint^ 
the  latter  to  enter  a  commercial  college  in  Chi- 
cago, where  he  took  the  full  coiumercial  course, 
including  connnercial  law.  (iraduating  from 
this  college  fully  ecjuipijcd  in  respect  to  a  knowl- 
edge of  commercial  methods,  he  entered  into 
practical  l)usiness  in  Chicago,  at  the  age  of 
uineteeu. 

Fortunately  born  with  a  disposition  towards 
the  practice  of  seusil)le  economy  and  habits 
which  were  reasona])le  and  stead\-,  he  at  once 
began  to  save  his  money;  these  savings,  coupled 
with  the  result  of  some  speculation  in  real 
estate,  enabled  him  to  enter  business  on  his  own 
account  at  the  age  of  twent\-four.  It  was  in 
January,  1871,  that  he  opened  his  small  business, 
and  had  scarcely  gotten  it  fairly  under  way  when 
the  great  Chicaijo  fire  of  October,  1  >!7  1 ,  occurred. 
This  enormous  conflagration  swept  hundreds  of 
firms  out  of  existence,  and  among  them  the 
business  presided  over  by  Mr.  Hayes.  Any  man 
of  less  energy  and  grit  might  ha\-e  been  over- 
whelmed by  such  earh"  misfortune;  but  Mr. 
Haves  had  the  courage  to  bank  on  the  future, 
and  the  very  next  da}-  after  the  fire  he  ])ur- 
cliased  the  stock  and  fixtures  of  a  business  on 
the  edge  of  the  burnt  district,  and  iramediath' 
started  to  New  York  to  complete  arrangements 
for  a  new  beginning.  Notwithstanding  the 
large  loss  by  the  fire,  the  indebtness  of  the 
firm  was  paid  in  full,  leaving  but  little  to  recom- 
mence business  with  except  the  confidence  of 
former  creditors,  which,  however,  was  not  lack- 
ing, and  his  efforts,  therefore,  at  another  start 
were  successful.  The  year  following  the  fire  was 
a  very  trying  one,  owing  to  the  scarcity  of  busi- 
ness buildings,  and  Mr.  Hayes  having  no  money 
to  invest  in  such  a  structure,  determined  upon  a 
remo\aI  to  St.  Louis.  The  struggle  here  to 
establish  the  business  and  recoup  the  losses  by 
the  fire  was  a  long  one,  but  the  business  was 
gotten    fairly    under    way    in    1S75,   and    since 


then    its    growth    has    been    ct)nstanl    and    its 
prosperity  un1)roken. 

In  l!S.S(),  with  a  view  of  interesting  some  of 
the  faithful  cm]iloves  in  the  business,  the  firm 
was  incorporated,  and  is  known  as  the  Joseph 
.M .  IIa\es  Woolen  Couijjany.  Mr.  IIa\-es  is  lo- 
da_\-  the  owner  and  moving  sjjivil  of  the  liusi- 
ness,  as  he  has  always  been.  He  and  his  busi- 
ness are  ]K-culiarl\-  and  closeh'  related.  He  has 
infused  his  personalit\'  into  e\er\-  department, 
aiul  it  has  grown  to  be  almost  a  part  of  himself. 
Tlie  l)usiuess  as  originally  established  was  on  a 
smaller  scale,  but  with  the  directing  brain  of  its 
owner  guiding  it,  it  has  grown  to  nutgnificcnt 
pro])ortions,  until  to-day  it  proudlv  stands  as 
one  of  the  greatest  houses  in  its  line  in  the 
United  States.  The  company  deals  in  woolens 
for  men's  wear,  being  importers  and  jobbers.  It 
also  deals  e.xtensiveh'  and  imports  all  kinds  of 
tailors'  trimmings,  and,  in  fact,  supplies  every- 
thing retpiired  in  the  manufacture  of  men's 
clothing.  Some  idea  of  the  magnitude  the 
business  has  now  reached  uia\-  be  gained  when 
it  is  stated  that  the  trade  territory  reaches  from 
Duluth  in  the  north  to  the  Gulf  on  the  south, 
from  Ohio  on  the  east  to  the  Pacific  on  the  west, 
within  which  a  large  corps  of  tra\eling  salesmen' 
are  constanth'  l-:ept  busy  waiting  on  the  custom- 
ers of  the  house.  The  house  is  known  every- 
where for  its  solidity  and  un\aryiug  integrity, 
and  in  the  business  communit\'  its  responsibility 
is  unimpeachable.  The  achievement  of  these 
results  is  well  worthy  the  life-time  of  lalior  be- 
stowed upon  it,  and  reflects  tlie  highest  credit 
on  the  sagacity,  energy  and  dex'otiou  of  Mr. 
Haves  to  correct  business  methods. 

In  writing  the  biographv  of  ;\Ir.  Hayes,  it  has 
been  previously  intimated  that  the  business  has 
become  an  expression  of  his  character;  and 
those  who  know  the  business  and  its  methods 
can  make  a  fair  estiiuate  of  the  man  who  has 
made  it  what  it  is.  He  is  a  man  of  the  most 
rugged  integrit}-,  honorable  and  just  in  all  the 
relations  of  life,  quiet  and  tuiassuming,  seldom 
acting  on  wild  impulses,  conservative,  but  not 
narrow,  he  is  a  man  of  great  reserve  force  and 
ability.      His  executive  talent  is  highly  devel- 


*^^ 


^-'^^^^^:<:^ 


nn n,R.  \i'iiK :  //.  .  ippendix. 


178 


()])(.-(1,  and  1r-  has  tlu-  facnlt}'  of  (loin,y;  a  lartje 
amiiuiil  of  work  wit Iiotit  the  appearance  of  ^reat 
exertion.  IJetwcen  him  anil  his  enlplo^x•s  tlie 
kindliest  feclin_^s  exist,  as  best  e\i(lenced  by  the 
fact  that  nian\-  ha\e  been  with  him  for  years. 

In  ]iri\al(.-  lite  his  social  cjualities  and  qenial 
nature  lia\'e  won  him  the  esteem  of  all  with 
wliom  lie  lias  come  in  contact;  and  his  host  of 
friends  admire  and  honor  him  for  his  manliness, 
inflexible  houest\'  and  i^oodness  of  heart.  lie 
is  jnst  entering  the  meridian  of  life,  and  with 
his  past  record  of  success  to  build  upon,  he  will 
accomplish  yet  more  brilliant  results  for  himself 
and  for  others. 

Hoi.Tii.vrS,  I, (11  IS  j.,  a  financier  of  great  ex- 
])erieuce  and  abilit\-,  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  De- 
cember Iti,  1^4-'.  Mis  ])arents  were  both  na- 
tives of  ( i(.-rnian\-,  his  father,  Cas])ar  ly.,  having 
been  born  in  Hancn^er,  antl  his  mother,  formerly 
Miss  Mar\-  \'.  Hint/.,  ha\'ing  been  born  and 
raised  in  Khenish  Bavaria. 

When  he  was  \cry  young  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ilolt- 
haus  brought  Louis  J.  to  this  country,  and  he 
was  educated  in  the  ])ublic  schools  of  vSt.  Ivonis, 
afterwards  taking  a  course  at  St.  Louis  I'nixer- 
sit\'  and  a  commercial  college,  hi  LS.')9  he  went 
into  the  tobacco  manulacturing  btrsiness  with 
his  father,  and  continued  his  connection  with  it 
until  ISSIO,  when  he  retired  and  Mr.  Holthaus, 
,Sr.,  continued  operations  alone. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  mathematician 
of  e.xcejitional  ability,  and,  regarding  a  financial 
career  as  more  in  his  line  than  anv  other,  lie 
gave  his  attention  quite  earl\  in  lift-  to  banks 
and  banking.  .\boul  ele\-eii  years  ago  In.-  was 
elected  director  of  the  b'ourth  National  Rank  oi 
this  cil\',  and  the  care  and  skill  he  exhibited 
resnll(.-(l  in  his  beiiiL;  made  vice-iiresidt-ut  of  the 
institution,  a  ])ositioii  he  continues  to  occiqiy  to 
the  satisfaction  of  all  ixirlies.  His  counsel  is 
sought  in  iiKitters  of  emergency  and  importance, 
and  he  is  looked  upon  as  a  man  whose  advice 
can  always  be  accepted  with  safely.  Naturally 
conserxative  as  well  as  enterprising,  he  com- 
bines caution  with  luogressiveness  to  an  extent 
which  makes  him  a  model  banker. 


In  addition  to  his  banking  connections  Mr. 
Holthaus  has  for  several  years  been  acting  as 
guardian  and  administrator  for  relatives  and 
members  of  his  own  family,  his  administration 
of  the  estate  being  conducted  on  business  prin- 
ciples of  a  very  ad\antageous  character. 

Twenty-four  years  ago  Mr.  Holthaus  married 
.Miss  Johanna  J.  Oei.sel,  daughter  of  Mr.  deorge 
(ieisel,  who  was  a  leading  furniture  manufact- 
urer of  this  city  j)rior  to  LS4!'.  Tlie\-  have  five 
children  li\ing — Louis  C,  aged  twenty-one 
\ears,  who  is  clerk  in  the  P'ourth  National 
IJank;   .Mice,  Laura,  Dora  and Grover Cleveland. 

Mkrrkll,  J.\cf)B  Si'i;xci;r,  .son  of  Jacob  and 
S\dvia  (, Spencer )  .Merrell,  was  born  in  West- 
moreland, ( )neida  coiinl\-.  New  York,  Febntar\- 
."),  LS27.  He  is  descended  on  both  sides  from 
English  families,  his  father  being  a  direct  de- 
scendant of  the  Jacob  Merrell  who  came  from 
the  old  country  with  the  original  Hartford 
colony.  The  Spencers  were  also  of  luiglish 
extraction,  the  family  having  emigrated  to 
.Vnierica  in  the  early  colonial  davs. 

Mr.  J.  S.  Merrell  was  the  oiih-  son  of  a  fam- 
il\-  of  some  size,  and  from  earlv  bovhood  he 
had  to  work  on  the  farm,  his  school  attendance 
being  confined  to  the  winter  months.  .\s  a 
child  he  was  eager  and  active,  neglecting  no 
opportunit\-  and  ox'ercoming  many  of  the  diffi- 
culties with  which  ho  had  to  contend.  He  was 
but  fifteen  ^■ears  of  age  when  he  decided  to 
strike  out  a  career  for  himself,  but  recognizing 
his  father's  claims  n])on  him,  he,  in  accordance 
with  a  code  of  ethics  scarceK  understood  in  the 
West,  bought  the  unexpired  term  of  his  ajipren- 
ticeship,  or  .service,  for  $!.")(),  with  $;5() additional 
for  his  clothing.  He  had  saved  $!>(!  in  cash, 
which  he  turned  over  in  part  payment;  and, 
with  nothing  but  the  proverbial  linndle  and  a 
solitar\-  dollar  in  his  pocket,  he  started  out  to 
make  his  fortune. 

.\fter  working  for  .some  time  as  a  driver  on 
the  Erie  canal  at  nine  dollars  a  month,  he 
resumed  farm  work,  but  later  worked  his  pa.ssage 
to  Buffalo  and  thence  to  Toledo,  where,  a  prom- 
ised   position    not    being    fmthcoming,    he    cut 


174 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.   LOT  IS. 


conl-wiiod  fur  a  lixt-liliood.  In  tlic  followiiiL:; 
spiiiii^  lie  went  to  Le.\iii<;t<)ii,  Kcntuck)-,  where 
for  six  months  he  clerked  in  a  jjrocery  store. 
His  next  work  was  1)uyin<^  fnrs  in  the  Kentncky 
mountains,  which  work  he  continned  nntil  on 
one  occasion,  when  marketing  his  furs  in  Cin- 
cinnati, he  purchased  a  small  drug  mill  on 
Western  Row  and  connnenced  work  in  the  busi- 
ness with  which  his  name  was  ever  afterwards 
connected. 

He  was  then  eighteen  years  of  age,  but,  with 
an  energy  which  did  him  credit,  he  increased 
the  capacity  of  the  little  mill,  employed  ten 
hands  and  manufactured  thirty  thousand  dollars 
w-orth  of  goods  every  year.  In  1853  he  rightly 
concluded  that  St.  Louis  offered  him  better  ad- 
vantages than  any  other  city,  and  he  accordingly 
came  here,  selling  his  Cincinnati  business  and 
establishing  himself  on  St.  Charles  street,  be- 
tween Fifth  and  Sixth  streets.  He  prosiDered 
for  four  vears,  but  in  ISoT  his  place  was  burnt 
down,  and  although  his  insurance  was  only  four 
thousand  dollars,  his  losses  were  seven  times 
that  amount. 

His  creditors,  recognizing  his  integrity  and 
misfortune,  signified  their  willingness  to  accept 
a  composition,  but  the  young  man  declined,  de- 
claring his  intention  of  paying  every  one  in  full, 
a  resolution  he  manfully  kept.  He  speedily  got 
his  business  started  again  and  continued  to 
j)rosper  in  spite  of  difficulties  and  drawbacks. 
In  1875  Mr.  Cyrus  P.  Walbridge,  now  mayor  of 
St.  Louis  and  a  son-in-law  of  Mr.  Merrell,  be- 
came connected  with  the  business,  and  he 
.relieved  INIr.  Merrell  of  a  great  deal  of  the  ardu- 
ous work  connected  with  it,  although  that 
gentleman  retained  sole  ownership  of  the  house 
until  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1885. 

Like  most  self-made  men  Mr.  ]\lerrell  was 
always  exceptionally  anxious  to  assist  hard- 
working young  men  who  applied  to  him  for 
assistance,  and  he  also  sought  out  a  number  of 
immigrants  and  aided  them  in  an  unostentatious 
but  generous  manner.  He  was  for  several  years 
connected  with  the  First  Congregational  Church, 
and  was  for  ten  years  president  of  its  board  of 
trustees.       Politically,   he  was  a    Whig   and  a 


Republican,  but  was  only  once  persuaded  to 
take  office.  This  was  in  ISSl,  when  he  was 
nominated  treasurer  of  St.  Louis  and  elected  by 
a  large  majority.  During  the  war  he  was  a 
jiersistent  I'nionist,  and  did  a  great  deal  of  work 
of  a  missionary  character  in  the  cit\-. 

On  Scptcml^er  20,  ISts,  Mr.  .Merrell  nuirried 
Miss  Kate  Jeannette  Kellogg,  daughter  of  Dea- 
con Warren  Kellogg,  (if  W'estnmreland,  New 
York.  ( )f  his  children,  Mr.  Hubert  S.  Merrell  is 
now  \ice-presi(lent  of  the  ^Merrell  Drug  Com- 
pany, and  his  daughter  is  the  wife  of  the  pres- 
ent mavor  of  the  city. 

vS'rR.\fB,  ArorsTus  W.,  .son  of  John  X.  and 
Klizabeth  (Lang)  Straub,  was  Ixirn  in  Alleghany 
City,  Penn.sylvania,  ]\Iarch  'M\  l.S4(>.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  of  his  native  cit\-, 
and  of  Pitt.sburgh,  and  when  eighteen  }-ears  of 
age  he  entered  the  banking  house  of  Mr.  Philip 
R.Mertz,  of  Pittsburgh,  in  wdiich  he  was  engaged 
at  important  clerical  work  for  five  years.  He 
then  went  to  Europe,  where  he  remained  for 
about  seven  months,  during  which  time  the 
Franco-Prussian  war  was  raging. 

On  returning  to  America  he  became  interested 
in  his  father's  brewery  business  at  Alleghany 
Citv,  and  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Straub  & 
Sous  until  the  year  1.S72,  when  he  came  to  .St. 
Louis.  He  became  a  partner  here  in  the  brew- 
ery of  Julius  Winkelmeyer,  and  for  eighteen 
years  he  continued  to  do  active  work  in  connec- 
tion with  this  important  brewery,  whose  busi- 
ness increased  rapidly,  owing  to  his  able  and 
never-ceasing  work  and  enterprise.  Mr.  Straub 
increased  the  territory  supplied  from  the  well- 
known  brewery  in  a  systematic  and  very  juof- 
itable  manner,  and  it-  was  largely  owing  to  his 
influence  and  push  that  the  brewery  was  in  a 
measure  remodeled  and  generally  fitted  up  in 
the  best  possible  style. 

During  the  eighties  the  Winkelmeyer  brew- 
ery came  to  be  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant in  the  West,  and  its  brand  was  looked 
upon  as  a  guarantee  of  the  most  unimpeachable 
character.  When  the  English  syndicate  first 
approached  the  St.  Louis  breweries  with  a  view 


u:^t 


/ 


//M/- 


■^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


175 


to  purcliasiii!;  llie  plant  and  ijoad-will,  ]\Ir. 
Stranb,  with  a  niaj()iit\-  of  tht-  men  wlio  lia\e 
made  the  name  of  St.  Lonis  famous  in  the  United 
States,  was  o])posed  to  the  transaction,  but  was 
tinall\-  prevailed  upon  with  his  partners  to  agree 
to  a  transfer,  and  the  brewery  became  the  Win- 
kelmcyer  branch  of  the  St.  Louis  Brewing  Asso- 
ciation, with  Mr.  Julius  W'inkelmeyer  as  its 
sniierintendcnt.  b'lattering  offers  were  made  to 
Mr.  Straub  by  the  association,  but  he  decided  to 
terminate  for  a  time  his  active  connection  with 
vSt.  Louis  brewing  interests,  and  early  in  the 
year  LSiiO  he  sailed  for  I'"uro])e,  where  he  re- 
mained for  a  ])eriod  of  eighteen  months.  He 
made  a  tour  of  the  principal  cities  of  the  Old 
World,  combining  business  with  pleasure,  and 
particularly  studying  the  financial  methods  best 
a])proved  and  endorsed  in  London,  Paris,  Berlin 
and  other  large  financial  centers. 

Late  ill  the  \iar  INIM  Mr.  Straub  returned 
to  St.  Louis  and  dc\ated  his  entire  attention  to 
his  extensive  banking  and  real  estate  interests 
in  this  city.  As  a  financier  he  had  already  at- 
tained a  very  high  re])utatiou,  which  he  has 
since  increased,  particularly  by  his  very  al)le 
management  of  the  affairs  of  the  International 
Bank.  In  the  year  I'S.ST  iliis  l)ank,  situated  at 
i\  North  Fourth  street,  was  in  a  somewhat  un- 
healtlu'  coiulition,  transacting  little  business, 
and  with  its  credit  impaired  or  at  least  weak. 
The  directors  selected  .Mr.  August  .Siiaub  as 
the  best  man  possible  to  rc-estal)lish  it  o\\  a  firm 
and  reliable  basis,  and  a  reorganization  was 
effected,  with  .Mr.  Straub  as  president.  From 
that  time  forward  the  l)auk  has  rapidK'  gnnvn 
in  j)ublic  favor,  aiul  it  is  now  looked  upon  as 
one  of  the  most  substantial  financial  institutions 
in  tlie\\\si.  Mr.  Stranb  has  given  to  it  during 
the  last  five  years,  with  the  exception  of  the 
short  time  he  spent  in  F'nrope,  the  closest  jkjs- 
sible  attention,  and  he  allows  no  detail  in  the 
management  to  escape  his  notice.  His  name 
at  the  head  of  affairs  at  once  silenced  am-  rumors 
as  to  the  stability  of  the  institution,  and  the 
bank  now  does  an  exceptional Iv  large  business 
of  a  highly  profitable  and  satisfactory  character. 

Mr.  Stranb's  name  is  connected  with  most  of 


the  movements  in  St.  I^ouis  which  have  resulted 
in  benefit  to  the  city.  He  is  regarded  as  an  ex- 
ceptionally enterprising,  though  a  safely  con- 
servatix'e,  man,  and  his  career  since  he  com- 
menced work  as  a  bank  clerk  thirty  years  ago 
has  been  an  exceedingly  creditable  one.  His 
two  trips  to  Europe  have  established  for  him  a 
very  valuable  connection  in  the  Old  World,  and 
he  has  correspondents  in  almost  every  large 
city.  The  International  does  a  \ery  large  for- 
eign as  well  as  home  business,  and  the  presi- 
dent's discretion  and  knowledge  of  foreign  mat- 
ters and  credits  is  I'esulting  in  a  steady  increase 
in  this  line  of  business.  ^Ir.  Straub  is  fre- 
quently consulted  on  questions  involving  Fairo- 
pcan  financial  affairs,  and  although  essentially 
a  busy  man,  he  is  courteous  and  attentive  to  all 
and  has  well  earned  the  popularity  he  now  en- 
joys. In  addition  to  this  he  is  the  custodian  of 
large  trust  and  other  funds,  and  few  large  enter- 
prises are  embarked  iu  without  consultation 
with  him. 

Mr.  Straub  married  iu  l''<7o  Miss  Julia  L. 
Winkelmeyer,  of  St.  Louis.  The  family  resides 
in  a  handsome  residence  on  Blaine  and  (irand 
avenues.  Thc\-  are  well  known  in  the  society 
circles  of  the  West  and  vSouth  Ends. 

Francis,  D.a.vii)  Rowla.nd,  one  of  the  nio.st 
persistent  advocates  of  "  standing -up  for  Mis- 
souri," is  about  fort\-fonr  years  of  age  and  is  a 
native  of  Kentucky.  He  was  born  in  Rich- 
mond, Madison  county,  October  1,  lN.')tt,  both 
of  his  parents  liaving  lived  the  whole  of  their 
lives  in  the  same  county.  The  Francis  family 
claimed  Scotch,  Irish  and  also  Welsh  bU>od, 
and  some  of  their  ancestors  were  very  promi- 
nent, both  iu  their  native  countries  and  in  Amer- 
ica. Mr.  I'rancis  received  a  jireliminary  education 
in  the  schools  near  liis  home,  and  when  he  was 
about  sixteen  years  of  age  lie  came  to  St.  Louis 
and  entered  the  Washington  University.  He 
studied  there  about  four  years,  graduating  in 
the  class  of  U^TO  with  the  degree  of  B.A. 

On  leaving  college  he  entered  the  coniini.s- 
sion  house  of  Shryock  &  Rowland,  of  this 
citv,  and  continued  in  their  employ  until  April 


17(; 


OLD  AND  N/'W  ST.    /.lUr/S. 


;>(i,  1.S77,  wIku  the  ririii  wciil  out  of  c.xisleiicf, 
being  dissolved  1)\  iiiiUual  consent.  On  tlie 
followinjj  day  Mr.  Francis  opened  a  grain  com- 
mission bnsiness  on  his  own  acconnt,  and  from 
tlie  first  this  enteri)rise  was  nniqnely  prosper- 
ons.  Possessed  of  an  exceptionalK  keen  in- 
tellect and  an  ability  to  read  the  signs  of  the 
times  prom])tlv,  he  made  some  most  snccess- 
fnl  in\estments,  and  very  soon  began  to  be 
looked  upon  as  not  only  anunig  the  wealth)' 
men  of  the  cit\',  bnt  also  as  one  of  the  lead- 
ers of  the  Merchants'  Kxchange. 

In  l.s.sn  Mr.  Sidne\'  R.  Francis,  a  vonnger 
brother,  became  more  intimately  associated  in 
the  business,  and  in  Jnne,  l.s<S4,  the  D.  R.  Fran- 
cis &  Brother  Commission  Company  was  incor- 
porated, with  Mr.  I).  R.  Francis  as  president. 
The  success  of  the  corporation  continued  to 
excite  admiration,  and  the  confidence  reposed 
in  it  is  the  natural  outcome  of  the  high  stand- 
ing of  the  officers,  who  include,  with  the  origi- 
nal founder,  Mr.  W.  C  Bo\d,  now  president 
of  the  Merchants'  Exchange;  Mr.  Thomas  H. 
Francis,  and  Mr.  \\'.  1'.  Kennett,  Mr.  S.  R. 
Francis  having  died  in  December,  bSiio.  The 
operations  of  the  house  extend  over  the  entire 
countr\-,  and  immense  (juantities  of  wdieat,  corn, 
oats,  barley,  cotton,  provisions  and  pork  are 
handled.  A  large  bnsiness  is  also  done  in  fut- 
ures, in  addition  to  an  immense  export  trade 
which  recjuires  the  uiainlenauce  of  a  branch 
house  at  New  Orleans  as  well  as  the  commodi- 
ous offices  in  the  Oay  Central  Building,  at  the 
corner  of  Third  and  Pine  streets. 

Although  ]\Ir.  Francis,  or  Governor  Francis, 
as  he  is  now  called,  has  made  a  fortune  out  of 
the  grain  business,  it  is  rather  as  a  common- 
sense  politician  that  he  will  be  best  known  to 
posterit}'.  In  IXISo  he  was  made  vice-president 
of  the  ]ilerchants'  E.xchange,  and  in  the  follow- 
ing year  he  became  president  of  the  institution. 
While  holding  the  presidenc\-  he  was  elected  a 
delegate  at  large  from  Missouri  to  the  Demo- 
cratic National  Convention,  and  his  voice  was 
heard  in  able  ad\ocacy  of  Cleveland  and  Hen- 
dricks at  Chicago.  In  March,  bSIS."),  there  oc- 
curred one  of  the  most  remarkable  contests  in 


vSt.  I.ouis  histor\-  for  the  Democratic  nomination 
for  the  mayoralty,  and  after  b'^1  ballots  had 
been  taken  without  any  result,  an  inspiration 
seized  the  convention,  .Mr.  P'rancis  was  run  as  a 
dark  horse  and  nominated  on  the  one  hundred 
and  eighlx-lifth  ballot. 

Ills  i)p])onent  on  the  Rei)nl)lican  ticket  had 
been  elected  four  \'ears  before  b\'  a  majoritN'  of 
ll.i'i'i',  and  his  re-election  was  regarded  as  a 
certainty.  lint  ;\Ir.  Francis  introduced  the 
young  men  into  politics,  and  after  a  most  inter- 
esting contest,  which  was  fought  out  until  the 
last  moment  the  polls  were  open,  the  youthful 
element  triumphed  and  ]\Ir.  Francis  was  de- 
clared elected  by  a  majority  of  1,400. 

In  the  chapter  on  Municipal  Developments  in 
the  historical  section  of  this  work,  some  record 
is  given  of  the  remarkable  success  which  Mayor 
Francis  commanded  as  well  as  deser\-ed  during 
his  administratitni,  and  it  is  unnecessarv  to 
repeat  the  achievements  here.  His  veto  of  the 
Fvlectric  Elevated  bill,  on  account  of  an  inade- 
quate compensation  of  the  city  being  provided 
for,  was  an  act  of  firmness  which  was  criticised 
at  the  time  by  some  few  who  were  interested  in 
the  passage  of  the  bill,  bnt  which  was  generallv 
a])])ro\ed  b\-  thinking  tax-jniyers,  and  which 
established  a  j^recedent  worth  man\-  thousand 
dollars  a  year  to  the  cit}'.  He  also  succeeded  in 
reducingthe  a\-erage municipal  debt  interest  from 
seven  and  six  jK-r  cent  to  four  per  cent,  and  e\en 
less.  He  also  succeeded  in  securing  jxiymeiit  by 
the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  of  a  judgment  in 
favor  of  the  cit\-  amounting  to  nearly  s  1  ^()()( ),()()(). 

A  warm  personal  friendship  having  sprung  uj) 
between  Mayor  F'rancis  and  President  Cleveland, 
the  latter  was  prevailed  upon  in  FSS?  to  visit  St. 
Louis  during  the  festivities.  He  was  the  guest 
of  ;Ma\or  Francis  in  the  elegant  mansion  which 
that  gentleman  then  occupied  on  \'andeventer 
place,  and  there  was  an  excellent  display  of  just 
that  kind  of  hospitality  which  would  be  expected 
from  a  man  who  was  born  in  Kentucky  and 
raised  in  Missouri.  .Several  other  very  interest- 
ing social  events  marked  Mr.  Francis  mayoralty, 
and  although  St.  Louis  was  proud  of  his  selec- 
tion bv  the  Democrats  in  August,  18.S.S    as  their 


/>•/(  li.R-  II'IIK  A  I.  .  ii'i'i-.xnix. 


177 


caiulidalc  for  the  position  as  ,i;o\-enior,  it  was 
not  witliout  a  feelinjj  of  re.yjret  that  a  man  of 
such  sterling  a])ilit\'  and  loyaIt\'  was  allowed  to 
resign  his  office  on  January  1,  ISSii,  and  pro- 
ceed to  Jefferson  Cit>-. 

Missouri  has  had  a  long  line  of  excellent  gov- 
ernors, but  ^Ir.  Francis  introduced  at  the  Capitol 
a  policy  of  activity  and  energy  which  was  a 
distinct  advance  on  anything  seen  there  before. 
His  messages  to  the  Legislature  were  iiu'ariabh' 
to  the  point  and  of  the  greatest  possible  \'alue 
to  the  State.  In  other  ways  he  showed  his 
abilit>-,  both  as  an  administrator  and  jicace-maker, 
and  he  has  always  l)een  prepared  to  sink  his 
l>ersonal  aims  for  the  benefit  of  his  State.  ( )n 
c\erv  occasion  he  was  jjrepared  to  "stand  up 
{o\  .Missouri,"  and  his  words  in  season  were 
numerous  in  the  extreme. 

When  the  Legislature  apprtjjjriated  s^  l.")(t,l)i)() 
to  enable  the  State  to  uiake  a  fitting  representa- 
tion at  tlie  World's  Fair,  it  became  the  duty  of 
till-  (io\crnor  to  ap])oint  a  commission  for  the 
Stall-.  The  task  was  not  an  easy  one,  but  as 
usual  ( tONcrnor  l'"rancis  j^erformeil  it  well,  select- 
ing able  representatives  of  the  State's  two  great 
cities,  as  well  as  of  its  live  stock,  agricultural, 
horticultural,  lumber,  mining,  and  other  numer- 
ous interests.  Not  content  witli  doing  this,  he 
attended  a  large  number  of  the  board  meetings 
himself,  and  accompanied  se\'eral  of  the  special 
committees  on  their  tours  through  the  State  in 
search  of  exhibits  and  support. 

.\t  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office,  (io\'- 
ernor  Francis  resumed  his  pernument  abode  in 
St.  Louis,  heartih'  welcomed  1)\'  thousands  of 
friends  in  every  walk  of  life;  for,  as  president 
of  the  Merchants'  E.xchange,  mayor  and  gov- 
ernor, he  has  always  been  a  thorough  Democrat 
in  habits  as  well  as  profession,  and  it  is  \-cry 
seldom  that  a  deaf  ear  has  been  turned  by  him 
to  a  tale  of  woe,  even  when  told  b\-  a  vigort)us 
]>olitical  opponent.  it  is  a  matter  of  general 
political  belief  that  Mr.  h'rancis  could  have  been 
a  nK'ml)er  of  the  prtsent  cabiiut,  had  he  so 
drsiixd.  Rut  he  preferred  to  remain  in  St.  Louis, 
with  whose  prosperitx'  he  is  so  intimaleh'  con- 
nected; and  the  n-ci-ut  cU-atli  of  his  brother,  Mr. 


Sidne\'  R.  Francis,  has  nuide  him  de\-ote  nu)re 
time  to  his  actual  business  interests.  It  is  the 
desire  of  an  immense  majority  of  the  Democrats 
of  the  vState,  and  of  no  inconsiderable  number  of 
Republicans,  as  well,  that  Ciovernor  Francis  may 
at  an  early  date  represent  the  State  in  the 
Senate;  but  the  Ciovernor  is  non-committal  on 
the  subject. 

rTO\-ernor  Francis  was  married  in  the  vear 
lS7(i  to  Miss  Jennii-  I'crr\-,  daughter  of  Mr. 
John  D.  Perry,  president  of  the  .Standard  .Stamp- 
ing Company  and  \ice-presideut  of  tl;e  Missis- 
sippi Valley  Trust  Comi)an\'  and  of  Laclede 
National  l>ank.      He  has  six  children,  all  boys. 

Tii()Mi>.S().\,  Wii.i.iA.M  II. — One  of  the  suc- 
cessful bankers,  most  progressive  and  public- 
spirited  citizens  of  .St.  Louis,  and  a  man  who 
occupies  his  present  high  position  solelv  by 
force  of  his  own  merits  and  efforts,  is  William 
H.  Thompson,  president  of  the  Rank  of  Com- 
merce, who  was  born  in  Huntington,  Penn- 
svlvania,  October  IH,  l.Sod.  He  received  his 
education  in  the  pul)lic  school  ol  his  uati\'e 
town,  and  after  the  completion  of  his  education 
entered  a  store,  where  he  clerked  for  about  two 
years  and  then  left  his  yard-stick  to  go  to  Phila- 
delphia to  seek  his  fortune. 

After  considerable  searching  he  secured  a 
])lace  as  assistant  in  a  plumber's  shop,  and  as  he 
likfd  the  work  he  set  about  learning  the  busi- 
ness. When  this  was  accomplished  he  spent 
several  years  working  at  his  trade  in  various 
cities  and  towns  of  Pennsylvania,  until  l<s,j;L 
wluii,  having  heard  of  the  great  opportunities 
offered  by  the  West  to  a  \oung  man  of  push,  he 
came  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  soon  obtained 
employment  in  his  line,  and  as  plumbing  work 
at  lliu  lime  was  very  profitable,  in  the  same 
year  tiiat  he  came  to  the  cit\'  he  was  enaliled 
to  estal)lish  himself  in  business  alone.  He 
conducted  his  busiiu-ss  very  successfully  for 
eleven  years,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  had 
made  enough  capital  to  estal)lish  a  factory  for 
tile  manufacture  of  lead  pi]'>e  and  sheet  lead, 
which  was  al.so  conducted  with  no  less  succe.ss 
than  his  old  business. 


12 


17S 


OLD  AND  N/iW  ST.    /.Of'/S. 


Ill  1S7I  lie  orj^ani/A'd  and  established  the 
plant  of  the  .Missouri  Lead  (S:  Oil  Company,  of 
which  he  was  elected  president,  holding  the 
office  until  b'^si,  when  the  pressure  of  other 
duties  caused  him  to  resi.i^n  the  place. 

One  reason  for  his  withdrawal  was  his  election 
to  the  presidency  of  the  Bank  of  Commerce,  a 
position  to  which  he  was  chosen  in  iss;i.  Lony; 
before  this  he  had  drawn  attention  to  himself 
for  the  steady  way  in  which  he  had  spread  his 
business  and  increased  his  caj^ital,  and  the 
marked  ability  he  had  shown  as  a  financier  and 
man  of  business,  and  that  the  bank  directors 
made  no  mistake  when  they  made  him  president 
is  shown  in  a  marked  manner  b\-  the  prosperity 
of  the  bank  since  l.S.s;{.  It  has  been  brous^ht  to 
a  splendid  financial  condition,  which  is  admit- 
ted to  be  due  largely  to  the  wise  management 
of   President  Thomjison. 

It  is  not  only  in  the  bank  that  his  fine  busi- 
ness talent  has  been  a]5]ilied;  he  is  also  vice- 
president  of  the  Laclede  Uuilding  Association, 
is  treasurer  of  the  Odd  Fellows'  Hall  Company, 
and  was  for  a  number  of  years  president  of  the 
St.  Louis  Gas  Company,  and  later  acted  in  the 
same  capacity  for  the  St.  Louis  (ras  Trust. 
The  city  does  not  hold  within  its  Ijorders  a  man 
of  greater  public  spirit  or  one  more  devoted  to 
her  welfare.  As  one  of  the  most  active  organ- 
izers of  the  Commonwealth  Realty  Company  he 
did  and  is  yet  doing  a  w'ork  of  great  value  to 
St.  Louis.  It  will  be  remembered  that  this 
company  was  organized  for  the  purpose  of 
building  the  New  Planters,  the  two  million 
dollar  hotel  now  in  course  of  erection,  and  it 
was-  at  first  desired  that  this  hotel  should  be 
erected  by  capital  outside  of  St.  Louis,  a  bonus 
being  offered  as  an  encouragement,  but  it  appear- 
ing difficult  to  secure  prompt  action  on  this 
plan,  .Mr.  Th()in])son  urged  that  a  comi)any  be 
formed  and  the  scheme  pushed  through. 

Such  action  was  taken,  and  the  Common- 
wealth Realty  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Thomp- 
son was  elected  president,  was  the  result.  He 
was  one  of  the  promoters  and  organizers  of  the 
Fall  Festivities  Association,  and  is  a  valuable 
member  of  both  the  executive   and  hotel  com- 


mittees. To  all  enterprises  having  in  \i(.\v  the 
impro\emeut  of  the  city  he  gives  a  zealous 
support,  and  has  always  been  the  first  to  sub- 
scribe liberallv  to  all  inosements  designed  to 
iinjirove  the  cil\'  or  increase  its  coiuniercial  im- 
l)ortance. 

.Vs  an  emplo\er,  he  is  both  lo\-ed  and  res])ected 
and  is  extremch-  pi)])ular  with  the  ein])loyes  of 
the  bank,  always  being  ready  to  accord  credit 
where  it  is  due  and  to  give  promotion  when  it 
is  earned.  As  a  man,  Mr.  Thompson  is  kindly 
and  genial  and  of  striking  appearance.  He  is  a 
gentleman  of  strong  natural  mental  equipments, 
is  a  good  speaker,  is  a  close  observer  and  has 
profited  to  the  utmost  b\-  the  lessons  learned  in 
the  school  of  life  and  ex])ericnce. 

Fkroi'.SOx,  D.win  K.,  ])resideiil  of  the  Me- 
chanics' Bank,  of  St.  Louis,  has  been  a  resident 
of  this  city  about  fifty-five  years,  and  has  been 
connected  with  some  of  its  most  important 
nianufacturiiig  interests.  He  has  been  exce])- 
tionally  active  in  the  iron  industr\-,  and  is  one 
of  the  men  who  have  helped  to  make  vSt.  Louis 
one  of  the  most  prominent  agricultural  machin- 
er\'  centers  of  the  New  World.  Alwa\s  to  the 
front  in  matters  of  special  importance  to  the 
cit\-  and  the  West,  he  has  succeeded  in  a  re- 
inarkable  manner,  and  for  fully  fort\'  \ears  he 
has  been  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  leading  rc])- 
resentative  men  of  a  city  which  has  been 
uniquely  fortunate  in   her  stnis  and  her  leaders. 

Mr.  Ferguson  was  born  in  Pittsburgh,  Penn- 
sx'lvania,  in  March,  lfS27.  He  received  a  com- 
mon school  education  in  his  native  town,  and 
when  thirteen  years  of  age  he  came  west  and 
secured  employment  in  the  Broadway  foundry, 
of  which  Messrs.  Kingsland,  Lightner  &  Com- 
pany were  the  proprietors,  and  which  was  then 
not  only  one  of  the  leading  manufacturing 
establishments  of  St.  Louis,  but  one  of  the 
most  important  iron  foundries  in  the  West. 

He  learned  very  rapidly,  and  after  four  or  fi\-e 
years  he  had  acquired  so  thorough  an  insight 
into  the  foundry  business  that  he  felt  able  to 
commence  operations  on  his  own  account;  and 
in    connection  with   Messrs.  George,  Lero\-  and 


/.'/( H,RAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


179 


I'liili])  Kin^slaiul,  he  e.stal)lislK'<l  tlie  ]iarUK-r- 
slii])  firm  of  Kin<,fslau(l  6c  I'\T,i^us()u.  Suilablt- 
])rciiii.sc.s  were  secured  at  the  corner  of  Cherr\- 
and  Second  streets,  wliere  an  iron  foundry  busi- 
ness of  large  proportions  was  established.  The 
HKiubcrs  of  the  firm  were  all  enterprising;  and 
c'(>ni])etent,  and  it  was  not  long  before  connec- 
tions were  estal)lished  in  all  the  leading  centers 
of  the  West  and  South.  Cireat  success  followed 
the  enterprise  of  the  firm,  of  which  the  elder 
members  withdrew  later  on,  resulting  in  the 
incorporation  of  the  lousiness  under  tlie  name  of 
the  Kingsland  &.  Ferguson  Manufacturing  C<>m- 
pan\-.  The  quarters  at  Cherry  and  Second 
streets  were  soon  outgrown,  and  an  entire  block 
was  secured  on  Eleventh  and  Mullauphy  streets. 
In  I'SST  Mr.  Ferguson  i^etired  and  the  corporate 
name  was  changed  to  the  Kingsland  &  Douglas 
.Manufacturing  Com]ian\-. 

While  thus  occu[)ied  in  the  nuinufactnrc  of 
agricultural  niachiner\-,  ]\Ir.  T'erguson  was  also 
an  active  worker  in  connection  with  the  Vulcan 
vSteel  Works,  of  which  he  was  president  at  the 
time  of  its  absorption  by  the  St.  Louis  Ore  ,.\: 
.Steel  Company.  Tliis  bn)Ught  him  into  close 
contact  with  the  (iarrison  Hrothers,  and  a  warm 
friendship  sprang  up  between  them.  At  that 
time  Mr.  ()li\er  (iarrison  was  president  of  the 
Mechanics'  Bank,  and  Mr.  Ferguson  in\-ested 
largely  in  the  stock.  <  )n  the  retirement  of  .Mr. 
(iarrison  he  was  elected  to  succeed  him  in  the 
l)residential  chair. 

Mr.  Ferguson  became  responsible  for  the  gen- 
eral policy  of  the  bank  in  1^7!',  and  during  the 
last  fifteen  years  he  has  been  faithful  to  his  trust, 
regarding  every  detail  in  the  I)ank's  career  just 
as  he  did  everv  apparently  trifling  incident 
which  transjurcd  in  liis  large  niannfactuving 
liusiiiess  during  his  tliirly-li\e  years  of  connec- 
li(in  with  it. 

When  quite  \-onng  .Mr.  I-ergnson  married 
Miss  Carrie  Sherer,  at  Ilarrisburg,  FennsyKania. 
Miss  Sherer  was  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Samuel  H. 
Shcrcr,  now  of  St.  Louis,  but  who  at  that  time 
resided  at  Harrisburg.  The  union  has  been  an 
exceptionally  happ\'  one,  and  has  resulted  in 
the  birth  of  lliree  daughters,  Miss  Carrie,  Mamii.- 


(  niiw  .Mrs.  .\.  C.  T'owler),  and  Sarah  (now 
.Mrs.  Thomas  R.  Collins),  all  residents  of  St. 
Louis. 

Mi;vi:r,  C.  Fri-:i)I-:rick  (i.,  is  the  founder  of 
one  of  the  largest  drug  houses  in  the  United 
States,  now  known  by  the  name  of  Meyer 
brothers  Drug  Company,  of  which  he  is  the 
president.  Mr.  Meyer  was  born  December  !•, 
I'SoO,  in  the  northern  part  of  (rermany,  some 
fift\-  miles  south  of  the  city  of  Bremen,  his 
parents  being  engaged  in  agriculture  and  stock 
raising.  He  received  a  connnon  school  educa- 
tion up  to  his  fourteenth  year,  when  he  was 
confirmed  in  the  Evangelical  Lutheran  Cliurch. 
His  father  died  when  he  was  only  three  years  of 
age,  and  his  mother  w-hen  he  was  about  sixteen. 

In  1.S47,  then  a  lad  in  his  seventeenth  year, 
he,  with  his  brother  William,  emigrated  to  the 
United  States.  The)-  took  a  sailing  \essel  at 
I'remerhaveii  for  New  Orleans,  where,  after 
about  seven  weeks'  voyage,  they  arrived  on  the 
17th  of  November  of  said  year;  at  New  Orleans 
they  took  a  boat  for  Cincinnati,  and  at  Cincin- 
nati they  took  a  canal  boat  for  F''t.  Wayne, 
Indiana. 

This  being  at  the  commencement  of  the  win- 
ter .season,  cold  weather  set  in  and  the  boat  had 
to  lay  up  on  account  of  ice  in  the  canal;  this 
compelled  them  to  continue  the  journey  afoot. 
The  roads  at  that  time  were  very  bad;  dee]) 
nuul  and  a  layer  of  snow  uuide  the  journey  a 
difficult  one,  but  after  two  days  of  hard  travel 
they  came  within  about  eighteen  miles  of  Ft. 
Wayne,  where  they  had  a  sister  living,  which 
was  the  object  of  their  destination.  Here  they 
arrived  on  the  4th  of  December,  LS47. 

Mr.  Meyer  remained  on  the  farm  with  his 
sister  until  the  14th  of  February,  1S4.S,  when 
his  brother-in-law  took  him  to  Ft.  Wayne  in  a 
wagon.  He  soon  fotind  a  place  where  he  could 
make  himself  useful  in  the  household  of  a  Mr. 
Hill,  he  having  the  privilege  of  attending 
school,  which  he  did  about  ten  weeks,  when 
his  teacher  took  sick. 

Young  .Meyer,  having  no  means  to  fall  back 
on,  saw  the  necessity  of  earning  something;   he 


ISd 


('/./)  .Lvn  A'A'/r.s/;  /.or/s. 


was  directed  to  a  dni!^;  slnic- owiud  1)\  Mr.  11.  I!. 
Rcfd,  and  here  he  found  eiuiiloyuieiil.  He  went 
l)ack  to  tlie  hou.se  of  .Mr.  Hill  and  told  Mrs.  Hill 
that  he  had  found  a  place  to  earn  a  living,  this 
privile<.;;e  having  heen  left  to  him  when  he  com- 
menced. At  first  \-onng  Meyer  had  to  do  all 
kinds  of  porter  work,  but  cxpre.ssin.!.;  a  desire  to 
advance,  Mr.  Reed  gave  him  an  opportunity  to 
be  apprentice;  and  when  in  \XVJ  the  cholera 
visited  this  country,  I'l.  \\'a\ne  was  not 
excepted,  when  Frederick  had  to  do  all  the  pre- 
scription business.  In  1SJ2,  when  he  had  saved 
about  s.'iOO,  he,  in  partnershi])  with  a  Mr.  Wall, 
started  a  drug  store  at  the  same  place,  the  style 
of  the  firm  being  Wall  X:  Meyer.  The  young 
men  were  (juite  successful  in  business,  and  in 
\>^'u  ,  after  having  been  established  fi\e  years, 
.Mr.  Mever  bought  out  his  ])artner,  Mr.  Wall, 
pa_\ing  him  some  Sl-2,<l()()  for  his  share  of  the 
interest.  He  then  took  in  parlnersliip  his 
brother  William,  the  same  one  with  wdiom  he 
came  to  this  country.  These  two  brothers  were 
quite  prosperous  in  their  business,  and  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  being  very  amliitious,  he 
looked  for  a  larger  field  to  utilize  his  business 
capacity'. 

In  ISi;,')  ;\Ir.  Meyer  came  on  to  St.  Louis  and 
established  the  hou.se  of  Meyer  Brothers  &.  Com- 
panv  as  a  branch  of  the  Indiana  establishment. 
The  business  grew  as  if  In-  magic,  fresh  fields 
l)eing  entered  ever\-  month  and  the  linsiness 
gradnalh-  becoming  one  of  the  finest  wholesale 
drug  establishments  in  America.  In  lS(>(i  a  New 
York  office  was  started,  and  in  1.^711  an  impor- 
tant branch  was  inaugurated  at  Kansas  Cit\', 
this  being  followed  by  another  large  branch  at 
Dallas,  Texas,  in  l-SST. 

In  January,  ISS'.),  the  Richardson  Drug  Com- 
pany was  burned  out,  and  Mr.  Meyer  at  once 
seeing  an  opportunity  to  consolidate  two  of  the 
largest  drug  businesses  in  the  world,  made  an  offer 
to  the  Richardson  Drug  Company,  purchased 
its  house  and  interests  and  proceeded  to  incor- 
porate the  Meyer  Brothers  Drug  Company,  with 
Mr.  C.  F.  (t.  Me\'er  as  president,  and  with  a 
capital  stock  of  i*l  ,7:)(),()()(). 

The  comDan\-   at    once  rebuilt  on   the  site  of 


the  Richardson  drug  house  the  largest  and  best 
e(|uippt(l  chug  establishment  in  the  world,  an 
institution  which  was  regarded  as  one  ol  the 
most  remarkable  evidences  in  existence  of  west- 
ern manufacturing  and  commercial  supremacy. 
( )ver  three  hundred  persons  are  employed  in  the 
building,  and  more  than  a  hundred  traveling 
salesmen  are  kept  constantly  at  work  introduc- 
ing and  selling  the  firm's  s])eciallies. 

This  gigantic  institution,  whose  annual  sales 
exceed  five  millicni  dollars,  is  the  result  of  the 
energy  and  integrit\-  of  its  founder.  Years  ago 
Mr.  Me\er  traveled  in  the  interest  of  his  own 
house,  when  the  journeys  had  to  be  made  on 
horseback,  under  \-ery  exhausting  and  trying 
conditions.  He  persisted  in  i)(.rsouall\  c-i>nduct- 
ing  the  business  in  spite  of  the  adxici'  of  his 
])h\sician  and  friends,  and  at  about  the  time 
wlien  the  compan\-  was  incorporated  tired  nature 
ga\e  out  and  he  was  found  one  night  uncon- 
scious from  overwork.  His  condition  was  a 
critical  one,  l)Ut  a  long  trij)  through  I'.nrope 
with  visits  to  the  scenes  of  his  childhood  resulted 
in  comjilete  restoration  of  health,  and  .Mr.  Meyer 
returned  to  this  city. 

His  life  has  been  one  long  examjile  to  the 
voung  in  everv  respect.  His  success  in  business 
has  alreadv-  been  recorded,  and  it  only  remains 
to  be  added  that  in  private  life  he  has  shown  the 
same  admirable  qualities.  .\  careful  reader,  Mr. 
Meyer  has  stuilied  social  ])rol)lems  of  every 
character  and  has  familiarized  himself  with  the 
history  and  ])resent  condition  of  the  different 
iMiropean  countries.  He  is  also  quite  literary 
in  histastes,  and  established  a  successful  Cierman 
newspaper  at  F-f.  Wayne.  There  are  now 
several  druggists'  trade  journals,  but  the  first 
of  these  was  established  bv  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  wdio  edited  the  very  useful  monthly  him- 
self for  several  \ears,  but  owing  to  pressure  of 
other  duties  finally  relinquished  the  editorial 
chair  to  Dr.  Whelpley. 

In  politics  Mr.  Meyer  was  formerly  a  WHiig, 
and  he  has  been  connected  with  the  Repnl^lican 
party  since  its  organization.  He  is,  however, 
too  large-hearted  a  man  to  be  a  partisan  poli- 
tician,   and    he    regards  impending    legislation 


lih  u,K.u'///(.  A  I.    APri-'.xnix. 


ISl 


from  a  ]ilatfi)nii  <if  soiuul  justice  and  coiiniiou 
sense. 

Mr.  .Me\cr  lias  raised  a  Iar.L;e  faniiK  ,  se\'en 
sons  and  two  tlauijliters,  four  of  his  sons  beinj.^ 
connected  witli  tlie  house, and  one  at  Pt.  Wayne. 
In  his  domestic  relations  he  is  very  happy,  lia\- 
iui;  a  nKJst  amiable  wife  and  an  excellent 
niDther  for  his  children. 

In  his  relijjions  views  he  is  a  Lutheran.  His 
habits  and  character  without  a  blemish. 

TukNivK,  John  \V. — .Vn  epoch  in  the  pro.y;- 
ress  of  modern  .St.  Louis  was  marked  when 
Cieneral  John  W.  Turner,  Ia\iny;  aside  the 
sword  and  uniform  of  the  soldier,  jiut  on  ci\il- 
ian  dress  and  identified  himself  witli  the  busi- 
ness interests  of  the  citw  The  handiwork  of 
one  man  seldom  appears  so  plainh-  in  the  im- 
])ro\-ement  of  a  city  as  does  his  in  the  growth  of 
vSt.  Louis,  and  no  biographer,  knowing  the  part 
he  has  taken  in  the  de\-elopuient  of  the  city, 
coultl  conscientiously  write  of  it  without  express- 
ing at  the  very  outset  something  of  the  grati- 
tude and  regard  its  people  feel  for  him. 

The  war  character  of  John  Wesley  Turner 
was  moulded  in  the  West,  although  he  was 
born  near  .Saratoga,  New  York,  Juh'  L*^,  \>^'-\'-\. 
His  father,  Jnhn  P>.  Turner,  was  a  contractor 
engaged  in  railway  and  canal  building  in  the 
Last.  His  mother  was  IMiss  ]\Ltrtha  \'oluntine 
before  her  marriage.  The  1)oy  was  educated  in 
a  private  school  until  he  was  ten  years  old,  and 
the  famil\-  mo\'ed  to  Cliicago  in  l!S4o,  where  he 
continued  his  studies  in  a  jirivate  school  eight 
years  longer.  At  eighteen,  desiring  a  military 
career,  he  was  sent  to  West  Point,  and  four 
years  later,  standing  eighth  in  his  class,  he  was 
graduated  and  ])ronioted  to  brevet  second  lien- 
tenant  of  artillerx'.  This  l)re\et  was  dated  Juh' 
1,  is.'i.'i.  I'"rom  that  da\  until  .September  1, 
l.siii;,  (.'kAcu  years  and  two  mouths,  he  ]i\ed  in 
the  field  and  the  fort,  helinug  to  make  the  his- 
tory of  his  country.  His  brevets  iluring  this 
time  show  the  excellence  of  his  military  serv- 
ice. He  gut  his  brevet  of  major  .Sei)teniber  l>, 
l.S);;i,  for  Ljallautrv  at  the  siege  of  b'orl  Waguer. 

Less  than  a  \ear  after  that,  he  was  bre\etted 


lieutenant-colonel,  on  July  oO,  l)StI4,  for  con- 
spicuous bravery  in  the  battle  that  followed  the 
explosion  of  the  mine  at  Petersburg,  Virginia. 
October  1,  lS(i4,  he  was  again  signalecf  out  for 
brevet  to  the  rank  of  major-general  United 
.States  \'oluuteers,  "for  gallant  and  meritorious 
service  in  the  campaign  of  l'S()4  on  several 
occasions  before  the  euem\-."  March  13,  IHii;"), 
he  was  honored  b\'  three  more  brevets.  One 
was  to  the  rank  of  colonel,  "  for  gallantr\'  and 
meritorious  ser\"ice  at  the  ca])ture  of  P'ort  ("iregg, 
X'irginia. " 

Another  made  him  a  Ijrigadier-general,  "  for 
faithful  and  meritorious  services  during  the 
rebellion."  The  third  raised  him  to  the 
rank  of  a  major-general  Ignited  States  arm\-, 
"  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
field  during  the  rebellion."  These  were  some 
of  the  rewards.  Now,  see  what  the  deeds  were. 
( )n  leaving  West  Point,  the  young  lieutenant 
was  sent  on  frontier  dut\'  to  Fort  Dallas,  Oregon, 
and  was  ordered  from  there  to  fight  the  Seminole 
Indians  in  Florida,  receiving  his  commission 
about  the  same  time.  P'or  three  years  he  was 
engaged  in  that  warfare,  with  intervals  of  garri- 
son duty  at  Key  West  and  in  Barrancas  Bar- 
rades.  The  service  in  Barrades  was  irksome 
and  unwholesome,  the  campaigning  in  the 
P'lorida  swamps  perilous  and  with  little  chance 
for  distinction,  but  the  discipline  was  salutary 
and  made  of  the  young  oflficer  the  soldier  he 
afterwards  proved  to  be. 

When  the  Florida  hostilities  ceased,  and 
Lieutenant  Turner  was  ordered  to  Fort  Adams, 
Rhode  Island,  he  was  read\'  for  an\-  dut\'  that 
might  fall  in  his  way,  and  equipped  with  the 
skill  to  actiuit  himself  of  it  with  credit.  At  the 
beginning  of  the  ci\il  war,  when  twenty-eight 
\ears  old,  he  was  a  first  lieutenant  of  the  h'irst 
.\rlillery,  and  was  in  the  artiller\-  school  there. 
He  was  made  chief  of  commissariat  of  the  army 
in  Western  Missouri,  then  of  the  Department  t>f 
Kansas,  then  of  the  Department  of  the  South, 
and  of  the  Department  of  the  tiulf,  and  till 
Novend)er,  ISiW^,  he  was  ordered  about  rapidly 
o\er  the  \ast  field  of  the  several  campaigns.  In 
that  time   he  was   in   several   important  engage- 


Is-_> 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


incuts.  He  was  in  c-oniniand  ot  a  lirt-acliinL; 
l)attery  at  the  reduction  of  Fort  Pulaski,  and 
coniniauded  artiller\-  at  the  siege  of  I'ort  \\'a.!L;- 
ner,  as  well  as  durin.y;  the  operations  ajjainst 
h'orl  Suuiptcr. 

In  the  fall  of  ISlJ.'i  he  was  in  coniniand  of  a 
division  of  the  Tenth  Corps,  Army  of  the  James, 
as  brigadier-general,  and  went  through  the 
Richmond  campaign  of  1X1)4,  fighting  before 
Hermuda  Hundred,  at  Drury's  Bluff  and  at  the 
siege  of  Petersburg.  During  the  latter  part  of 
18(54  and  the  following  January  he  was  chief  of 
staff  of  the  Department  of  North  Carolina  and 
Virginia,  and  subsequently  of  the  Army  of  the 
James.  Commanding  an  independent  division, 
Major-General  Turner  participated  in  the  capt- 
ure of  Petersburg,  April  2,  ISfi"),  and  the  pur- 
suit of  the  rebel  army,  which  ended  in  the  sur- 
render of  Lee  at  .Vppomattox  Court  House, 
.-Vjjril  !•,  l>>li.'>.  In  ISIill  General  Turner  was 
ordered  to  St.  Louis  and  made  purchasing  agent 
and  depot  commissary,  having  been  mustered 
out  of  the  \-oluutecr  service  September  1st,  of 
that  vear.      He  resigned  from  the  army  in  1<S71. 

The  citizens  of  Richmond,  \'irginia,  of  which 
capital  General  Turner  was  in  ci_>ninian(l  after 
its  fall,  remembered  his  military  rule  with  the 
liveliest  feelings  of  respect.  He  found  chaos 
reigning  when  he  took  charge.  The  city  was 
in  ruins.  Half  of  its  houses  had  been  burned 
or  demolished  by  shells.  There  was  no  gas, 
no  water,  no  police,  and  pillage  was  unre- 
strained. The  General  took  matters  with  a 
firm  hand.  He  organized  a  police  force  from 
the  ranks  of  his  own  soldiers,  giving  these 
patrolmnn  fifty  cents  a  day  o\er  their  pay;  he 
started  up  the  gas  works  again,  initting  in  his 
own  men  to  manage  them,  and  established  a 
court  and  a  local  government. 

Under  his  administration  the  city's  affairs 
were  managed  as  they  were  in  no  other  captive 
town  in  the  South  during  that  troubled  time. 
Crime  was  prevented  and  criminals  punished. 
The  sentences  were  so  just  that  not  a  single  one 
of  the  men  sent  to  prison  during  that  time  were 
rescued  by  a  habeas  corpus  appeal.  All  of  them 
served  their  sentences.     His  control  of  the  city 


was  a  niililar\-  rule,  necessarily  rigid,  but  with 
not  a  single  feature  of  the  desi)otisni  which  in 
so  nian\-  other  parts  of  the  South  increased  the 
rancor  felt  by  the  vanquished  people  towards 
their  cnii(|uerer.  Perhajis  this  iswh\-  Ricliuuiud 
before  an\-  other  southern  city  first  recuperated 
from  the  effects  of  the  war. 

General  Turner  went  into  active  business  life 
as  soon  as  he  left  the  army.  He  became  presi- 
dent of  the  Bogy  Lead  Mining  Com])any,  and 
was  devoting  most  of  his  time  to  its  affairs, 
when  in  1^77  Mavor  Henr\- ( )verstcil/.  asked  liiui 
if  he  would  accept  the  office  of  street  commis- 
sioner. At  that  time  the  streets  of  ,St.  Louis 
were  an  appalling  spectacle,  half  of  them  mac- 
adam and  the  rest  mud.  He  took  the  office 
with  the  single  purpose  of  giving  the  city  a  sys- 
tem of  good  streets.  He  held  his  office  for 
eleven  ^•ears  and  carried  out  his  intention.  His 
plan  of  street  construction  w'as  fought  bitterly 
at  first,  on  account  of  the  cost  it  entailed  on 
tax-payers,  and  during  the  first  year  of  his  ad- 
ministration the  air  of  the  Citv  Hall  rang  with 
remonstrances  and  threats  of  political  \'engeance. 
.V  weaker  man  than  General  Turner  would  ha\e 
abandoned  the  scheme  entireh',  but  he  was  not 
made  of  that  stuff.  .Supported  by  a  board  of 
public  improvements  whose  members  had  the 
fullest  confidence  in  his  integrity  and  entire  re- 
liance on  his  judgment,  he  marked  off  street 
after  street  for  reconstruction  and  pushed  the 
bills  through  the  Assembly  by  sheer  force  of  an 
indomitable  will  and  untiring  persistence. 

Street  railways  extended  their  lines  as  the 
streets  were  improved,  adopting  cai)le  and  elec- 
tricit}'  instead  of  horses,  and  helping  the  cit\to 
spread  out;  great  edifices  began  to  go  up  on  the 
reconstructed  streets,  and  tra\'elers  talked  of  the 
pavements  of  St.  Louis.  In  l.SS.S,  having  been 
kejDt  in  office  by  one  mayor  after  another,  and 
each  succeeding  Council,  he  had  not  only  built 
the  Grand  avenue  bridge,  and  changed  fifty 
miles  of  streets  from  dirt  to  solid  granite  and 
smooth  asphalt  and  wood,  but  had  worked  a 
complete  revolution  in  the  public  opinion  of 
him  and  its  ideas,  and  had  made  stout  support- 
ers and  the  warmest  admirers  of  the  very  men 


IT* 


jA 


lUi ^CRAPIFICAI.  APPENDIX. 


183 


wliii  liad  at  first  \-i()l(,-ntl\-  aiitai;nui/,fd  liis  iin- 
prnxiiiKiit  plans.  Tlu'ii  Ik-  felt  that  he  could 
allow  the  work  to  be  carried  on  1)\-  other  hands; 
he  resij^ncd  in  the  middle  of  his  last  term,  and 
at  once  acti\xd\-  re-entered  l)nsiness  life. 

He  is  now  the  president  and  manager  of  the 
St.  Jose])h  fkis  Works,  a  director  of  the  Wij^- 
wins  Ferry  Company,  a  director  of  the  American 
Iv\chan>;e  liank,  a  director  of  the  Ice  and  Cold 
Storat^e  Com])an\-,  which  operates  in  St.  Louis 
and  Ivast  St.  Lonis.  He  is  a  director  of  the 
vSt.  Lonis  Mechanical  and  A^ricultnral  Com- 
pany, a  comrade  of  Ransom  Post,  Crrand 
Arm\-  of  the  Republic,  and  a  member  of  the 
Lo\al  Legion,  composed  of  officers  of  the  army. 

(General  Turner's  domestic  life  has  been  an 
ideal  one.  He  married  in  Se])tember,  l-StUI, 
.Miss  Hlanche  Soulard,  of  St.  Louis,  a  represent- 
ative of  one  of  the  oldest  French  families  in  the 
cit\-.  Her  ^grandfather  was  General  Cerre,  who 
was  sur\eyor-.i;eneral  under  the  French  govern- 
ment when  Mis.souri  was  a  part  of  the  Territory 
of  Louisiana.  The  couple  have  seven  children, 
and  live  on   C.arrison  avenue. 

GlBSO.N,  vSiR  Chari.K.s,  was  born  in  Moiit- 
gomer\'  count\',  \'irgiuia,  in  the  year  LS:^.").  His 
father.  Captain  Hugh  (iibson,  was  a  member  ot 
one  of  the  oldest  and  best  families  of  Southwest 
X'irginia.  His  mother  was  formerly  Miss  I';iiz- 
abeth  I').  Rutledge,  also  of  distinguislied  descent, 
being  a  mem))er  of  the  w^ell-known  vSouth  Caro- 
lina Rutledge  family.  When  the  boy,  who  has 
since  grown  into  such  splendid  uiauhood,  was 
about  ele\'en  \ears  of  age,  his  latlier  located  in 
Western  Missouri.  At  that  lime  there  were 
verv  poor  educational  facilities  in  that  portion 
of  the  Slate,  but  Charles  was  not  of  a  disposi- 
tion to  be  discouraged  b\'  trifles.  He  studied 
most  earnesth'  and  fuialh'  became  a  student  at 
.Missouri  rni\ivsit\',  supidemeutiiig  his  train- 
ing with  prolonged  reading  in  modern  languages 
and  in  scientific  works,  until  he  became,  in  sjiite 
of  the  drawbacks  against  which  he  had  to  con- 
tend, out.'  of  the  best  informed  mill  of  the  chu'. 
This  reputation  he  has  maintained  through  life, 
and  now,  at  the  age  of  sixtj-nine   \ears,  he   is 


regardeil  as  an  authorit\'  on  national  and  inter- 
national law  and  many  other  difficult  and 
abstract  matters. 

Ill  LS4.H  young  Mr.  Gibson  came  to  St.  Louis 
and  for  some  years  studied  law  under  the  Honor- 
able Edward  Bates  and  also  with  Mr.  Josiah 
S])aulding.  A  year  later  he  made  his  political 
debut,  and  it  is  interesting  to  record  that  it  is 
just  half  a  centur\-  ago  that  he  made  those  able 
speeches  in  behalf  of  Henrv  Clav  which  won  so 
many  votes  for  that  gentleman.  Four  years 
later  he  took  the  fk-ld  on  behalf  of  General 
Taylor,  and  in  X'Ah'l  he  was  an  elector-at-large 
for  the  State  of  Missouri  on  the  Whig  ticket. 

In  l.So(>  Mr.  Gibson  became  known  as  "an 
old  line  Whig,"  on  account  of  his  adherence  to 
the  principles  for  wdiich  he  had  fought.  It  was 
mainh'  at  his  suggestion  and  through  his  efforts 
that  the  name  of  his  friend  and  preceptor, 
Honorable  Edward  Bates,  was  brought  forward 
in  18(j()  as  a  candidate  for  the  Presidency. 
When  the  war  broke  out  Mr.  Gibson,  without 
hesitation,  advocated  the  cause  of  the  Union, 
coalescing  with  such  men  as  Hamilton  R.  Gam- 
ble, Frank  P.  Blair  and  B.  Gratz  Brown. 

When  the  Legislature  of  ^Missouri  in  January, 
l>iiil,  calletl  the  State  convention  in  the  interest 
of  secession,  Mr.  Gibson  issued  a  call  to  the 
Union  men  of  St.  Louis,  writing  a  most  able 
address,  which  was  conxerted  into  a  call  for  a 
mass-meeting. 

.\t  the  meeting,  a  committee  of  twenty-five 
well-known  citizens,  with  Mr.  Gibson  as  chair- 
man, was  a]ipoiuled  to  select  a  I'nion  ticket, 
and  it  is  a  nuilter  of  history  that  the  vigorous 
action  of  the  St.  Louis  delegates  resulted  in 
sa\ing  the  State  from  the  disastrous  effects  of 
sece.ssion.  As  a  leader  of  the  Union  party  in  St. 
Louis,  Mr.  Gibson  made  a  series  of  most  powerful 
sjieeches,  and  it  is  admitted  that  no  man  in  the 
Stall'  did  more  to  save  Missouri  to  the  Union 
than  111'.  .Mthough  a\erse  to  accepting  public 
olTice  at  the  time,  Mr.  Gil)son  was  called  upon 
as  a  matter  of  patriotic  duty  to  accept  the  office 
of  solicitor  of  the  Court  of  Claims,  and  became 
agent  for  the  State  government  of  Missouri  at 
Washington  during    the   war.     Greatly   to    his 


1S4 


01. n  Axn  xr.]v  ST.  i.oris. 


credit  he  established  a  precedent  wliicli,  iiiifort- 
unalely,  has  not  been  freely  followed,  for  he 
declined  accepting);  a  sinijle  dollar  for  his  fonr 
years'  arduous    work  at   llie  national  cai)ilal. 

In  the  s])rin}^-  of  hS()l  a  grave  emergency 
arose.  There  were  2;i, ()()()  rifles  in  the  St.  I.,onis 
Arsenal,  and  there  was  great  danger  of  those 
weapons  being  secured  by  the  Confederate 
troops.  Such  men  as  Ciibsou,  L>on  and  P)lair 
were  mainly  instrumental  in  preserving  these 
engines  of  death  for  the  Union  forces,  and 
General  Sherman  and  others  have  spoken 
repeatedly  of  the  service  thus  rendered,  not  onh' 
to  the  vState,  but  also  the  Union.  Mr.  Gibson's 
letter  of  .Vpril  ±'1.,  1S(>1,  addressed  to  the  Honor- 
able Ivhvard  Hates,  is  preserv'ed  as  a  national 
document,  and  will  keep  Mr.  Gibson's  name 
before  the  people  of  the  country  for  generations 
to  come.  vSo  important  was  the  action  taken 
by  Mr.  (libson  that  on  one  occasion,  in  regard 
to  these  rifles,  he  found  it  necessary  to  oppose 
the  wishes  of  Secretary  Cameron,  and  President 
Lincoln  on  inquiry  supported  the  St.  Louis 
representative  and  thus  pre\-ented  the  loss  which 
appeared  imminent. 

At  the  convention  of  1SI!4,  at  Iialtimore,  Mr. 
Gibson  resigned  his  office  and  sujjported  General 
McClellan  for  the  Presidency.  In  l.Sd.s  he  sup- 
ported President  Johnson  in  his  contest  in  Con- 
gress, and  in  1870  he  joined  forces  with  the 
movement  in  Missouri  which  resulted  in  the 
election  of  Governor  Brown  and  jjrepared  the 
way  for  the  repeal  of  the  Drake  Constitution. 
In  1872  he  supported  Horace  Greeley,  and  four 
years  later  took  the  field  on  behalf  of  Gov- 
ernor Tildeu.  During  the  lengthy  contest 
which  followed  the  election,  he  represented  the 
Democratic  National  Committee  in  Louisiana 
and  P'lorida,  in  the  interest  of  a  fair  count.  His 
course  of  action  in  Florida  was  highly  com- 
mended by  members  of  all  parties,  and  the 
speech  delivered  by  him  at  Hillsboro,  Indiana, 
on  October  7,  18.S(),  may  be  regarded  as  one  of 
the  most  eloquent  addresses  on  the  celebrated 
election  difficulties  ever  delivered.  In  the  course 
of  this  speech  he  said: 

"  In  this  wav  the  canvass  was  delaved  until  the 


nighl  of  Deceml)cr  "ith.  V>\  act  of  C\)ngress  the 
vote  had  to  be  gi\en  next  day.  .\t  dusk  a  large 
force  of  United  .States  regulars  were  marched  u]> 
and  surrounded  the  vState  House,  built  their 
camp-fires  and  bi\duacked  for  the  night.  I  have 
seen  many  great  and  gloonn-  sights,  but  nothing 
I  ever  saw  made  so  jirofound  an  impression  on 
me  as  the  glare  of  those  camp-fires  ;irouu(]  the 
Capitol.  I  knew  that  citizens  had  ridden  through 
swamps  and  rain,  in  some  instances  forty-five 
miles,  to  deposit  their  !)allots  in  those  boxes. 
I  knew  those  boxes  contained  treasures  more 
\aluable  to  the  people  of  the  United  States  than 
all  the  gold  of  California,  more  precious  than  all 
the  crowned  jewels  of  luirope,  and  I  knew  that 
those  two  canvassers — -worse  than  burglars,  and 
safe  in  the  midst  of  the  troops — would 
rob  the  people  of  I'lorid  i  of  their  liberties  and 
all  the  peojile  of  the  United  .States  of  their 
rights.  The  dark  deed,  the  darkest  and  foulest 
in  the  annals  of  American  historv,  was  done  at 
midnight.  McLin  and  Cowgill,  in  their  answer 
to  the  subsequent  case  in  the  Supreme  Court, 
confessed  that  the  canvass  was  completed  and 
ended  in  the  earh-  morning.  At  the  hour  of 
1  billot  December  i>,  l-STii,  the  certificates  were 
made  out  and  gi\en  to  the  electors — who  cast 
and  sealed  up  their  vote  and  delivered  them 
before  breakfast-time  to  one  of  their  number,  a 
colored  felon,  named  Pierce,  whom  Stearns  him- 
self had  pardoned  out  of  penitentiarv,  and  they 
were  carried  by  this  fit  representative  of  the 
carpet-bag  government  of  Florida  to  Washing- 
ton. .McLin  afterwards  became  dissatisfied  with 
his  part  of  the  stolen  offices,  confessed  the 
fraud  in  writing,  and  died." 

Ill  l.sso  .Mr.  Gibson  worked  for  C'Teneral  Han- 
cock, an  old  personal  friend,  and  in  l'S.S4  he  did 
veoman  service  for  Gi'over  Cleveland  in  the 
State  of  Indiana. 

So  much  for  the  political  career  of  a  man  who 
has  been  identified  with  almost  all  the  impor- 
tant national  elections  of  the  last  half  century. 
.Vs  a  lawyer,  his  histor\-  has  been  equal  h- eventful. 
In  l<S4!t  he  was  junior  counsel  for  the  defense  in 
the  celebrated  City  Hotel  murder  case,  and  in 
bs.')!  he  was  sole  counsel  in  a  most  important  case 


oZ-^ziA^  ^^^<Z-d^^2-^^^ 


niOCR.  lI'iriCAI.  APPENDIX. 


185 


brought  by  the  King  of  Prussia,  from  whom  he 
received  two  magnificent  vases  of  exceptional 
heiglit  and  vahie.  On  December  li!,  1.S.S2,  Mr. 
(iibson  was  made  Commander  of  Knights  in 
Anslria,  by  the  lunj^eror,  who  decorated  him 
with  his  own  ( )rder  of  F'rancis  Joseph,  and, 
contrary  to  ])recedent,  issned  an  edict  lliat  tlie 
decoration  shonld  descend  as  an  heirloom.  In 
I'SSii,  Kmperor  William  decorated  Air.  (iibson 
with  the  Commander's  Cross  of  tlie  Ro\al  Prns- 
sian  Crown  ( )rder,  and  in  l.s;i()  he  was  deco- 
rated with  the  (irand  Cross. 

In  the  last  named  year  vSir  Charles  (iibson,  as 
his  title  then  was  and  now  is,  visited  Europe 
where  he  and  Lady  Gibson  were  feted  by  Connt 
\'on  Mnnster,  Prince  Bismarck  and  other  diplo- 
matic and  royal  personages.  Notwithstanding 
his  foreign  decoration  and  international  rejmta- 
tioii,  Sir  Charles  ("ribson  may  be  spoken  of  as 
one  of  the  best  reformers  in  St.  Lonis.  P'or 
t.wenly-ti\e  >ears  he  was  commissioner  of 
Lafa\ette  Park,  and  he  is  the  anthor  of  the  acts 
of  the  Legislatare  which  resnlted  in  the  estab- 
lishment of  I^'orest  Park.  He  also  drafted  the 
act  establishing  the  Land  Court  in  St.  Lonis, 
and  among  his  other  prominent  services  for  the 
city  may  be  mentioned  the  prominent  part  he 
took  in  the  arrangements  for  the  rebnilding  of 
the  Southern  Hotel. 

Mr.  ('iibson  married  in  LS.")1  Miss  \'irginia 
Ciamble,  dangliter  of  Archibald  (lamble,  one  of 
the  best-known  old  St.  Lonisans.  He  has  had 
eight  children,  of  whom  the  t)ldest  died  after 
graduating  at  West  Point  and  entering  the 
United  States  arm\  .  The  other  children  are 
all  living.  Sir  Charles  (iibson  is  strictlv  a  man 
111  the  jieople,  and  is  often  s])oken  of  as  a  typical 
old  \'irginian.  lie  has  amassed  a  considerable 
fortune  in  the  eoursi' of  his  career,  but  has  main- 
tained a  reputation  for  honest\-  and  u]irightni-ss 
second  to  that  ol  no  man  in  llu'  eountr\'. 

fi.M'.s.s,  CiiAKi.i'..s  l'\,  son  of  Charles  W.  and 
Louisa  (  Fallenstein )  Oanss,  was  born  in  St. 
Charles  county,  Missouri,  May  ;U),  l.s;5,S.  Mr. 
Charles  W.  Gauss  was  a  natix^e  of  Germany,  and 
had   emigrated    to    .\nieriea    in    1n;'>7.       Charles 


received  a  district  school  education,  and  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  came  to  St.  Louis  and,  having 
taken  a  course  of  instruction  at  Jones'  Com- 
mercial College,  secured  a  position  as  errand- 
boy  with  the  old  firm  of  Crow,  McCreerv  & 
Company,  dry  goods  merchants.  After  fifteen 
months  he  was  appointed  shipping  clerk  in  his 
father's  shoe  house,  and  subsequently  went  on 
the  road  as  traveling  salesman,  a  position  he 
filled  in  a  highly  satisfactor\-  manner. 

P'our  years  later,  in  IMli),  Mr.  (iauss  associ- 
ated himself  with  .Messrs.  Krause  and  Hunicke, 
and  established  the  firm  of  which  he  is  still  the 
head.  In  l.sii.l  .Mr.  Krause  retired  from  the 
firm,  and  the  name  was  changed  to  Gauss, 
Hunicke  &.  Company.  For  twent\-three  years 
this  name  was  on  the  lips  of  every  hat  dealer  in 
the  West,  and  in  l^'^^ti  Mr.  Hunicke  retired  and, 
Mr.  Shelton  having  been  previously  admitted 
to  the  firm,  the  company  was  incorporated 
under  the  name  of  the  Ganss-Shelton  Hat  Com- 
pany; Mr.  Gauss  was  made  president,  a  posi- 
tion he  continues  to  fill  with  marked  ability. 

Mr.  (iauss  is  a  member  of  the  Church  of  the 
Messiah,  and  is  prominent  in  much  of  the  work 
carried  on  under  its  auspices.  He  is  also  on  the 
board  of  directors  of  the  National  Bank  of  the 
Rei)ublic  and  the  .\merican  Central  Insurance 
Company.  He  stands  very  high  in  commercial 
circles,  and  no  list  of  the  solid  men  of  St.  Louis 
would  be  complete  without  his  name. 

He  married  in  I.H(i()  Miss  Lamnianenx,  and 
has  five  daughters,  all  o{  whom  are  living,  and 
four  of  wlu>m  are  married.  His  wife  died  in 
P^iT.'i,  and  in  ISSli  Mr.  (iauss  married  a  second 
time,  his  bride  bi'ing  Miss  Ida  Smith,  of  .Si. 
Louis  conntv. 

It  is  interesting  to  record  that  .Mr.  (ia)iss  is 
named  after  his  grandfather,  Mr.  Charles  1''. 
(iauss,  who  was  the  first  to  api>l\  the  jirinciples 
of  telegraplu'.  This  gentleman  was  a  member 
of  the  (ioettingen  Lnixersily  of  tiermany,  and  a 
highly  lalente<l  scientist,  mathematician  and 
astrologer. 

There  stands  in  a  pnljlic  park  in  the  cit\-  of 
I'.i  iinswick,  (iernianv,  a  monument  to  the  mem- 
or\     and    good    works  of  Carl    V .   (iauss.      Mr. 


lS(i 


OLD  AND  A7-:il'  ST.  /JU7S. 


(iauss  is  a  (jeiitlcniaii  of  Iciiitnt  Iml  conservative 
(Icaliii.i^s,  and  lie  practices  that  true  pliilan- 
tlirojiv  wliicli  is  felt  l>nt  seldom  heard  of  or 
heralded  to  the  world.  Many  institutions  in 
our  midst  are  in  a  position  to  re-echo  this  state- 
ment from  substantial  surprises  received  at 
Christmastidc. 

RicHARDSox,  J.  Ci.ii-i'OKi),  SOU  of  Jamcs  and 
Laura  (Clifford)  Richardson,  was  born  in  Pitts- 
burgh, Penus\lvauia,  Ajjril  1."),  isi'.i.  Doth  his 
father  and  mother  came  of  old  Puritan  families 
of  New  Entrland,  and  Mr.  Richardson  inherits 
all  those  qualities  of  industry  and  straightfor- 
wardness which  were  conspicuous  in  the  lives 
of  the  original  settlers  of  this  country.  He  is  a 
direct  descendant,  in  the  ninth  generation,  of 
Ezekiel  Richardson,  who  was  a  member  of  the 
celebrated  Winthrop  Colony  which  left  the 
south  of  England  in  KiHO  and  landed  in  Bo.ston 
the  same  year.  Ezekiel  Richardson  was  one  of 
the  founders  and  incorporators  of  the  town  of 
Woburu,  ^lassachusetts. 

Young  Mr.  Richardson  attended  school  in 
Pittsburgh  for  two  or  three  years,  but  when  he 
was  only  eight  years  old  his  parents  came  out  west 
and  located  in  St.  Louis,  sending  their  son  first 
to  the  public  schools,  and  then  to  Washington 
LTniversity,  from  which  institution  he  grad- 
uated. He  then  obtained  a  position  as  a  clerk 
in  the  wdiolesale  drug  house  of  Richardson  & 
Company,  of  this  city.  His  business  habits  and 
promptness  soon  brought  him  to  the  front,  and 
he  became  manager  of  the  concern.  Shortly 
afterwards  he  organized  the  Richardson  Drug 
Company,  of  which  he  was  from  the  first  the 
guiding  spirit.  Largely  owing  to  his  personal 
efforts  the  new  company  increased  the  scope  of 
its  operations  so  rapidly  that  it  soon  took  front 
rank,  and  e\x'ntnailv  became  the  largest  whole- 
sale drug  house  in  the  world. 

New  Year's  day,  LSSSI,  was  made  memorable 
in  the  annals  of  vSt.  Louis  by  the  destruction  of 
the  Richardson  drug  house  by  fire.  After  the 
work  of  adjusting  the  insurance  and  paying  the 
losses  w^as  completed,  Mr.  Richardson  found  his 
health  so  impaired  that  he  took  a  long  vacation. 


during  which  he  \-isiti'd  several  i>oiuts  of  inter- 
est in  iMirope.  After  his  return  he  resumed  at- 
tending to  his  numerous  business  interests,  and 
then  organized  a  ualional  bank,  which,  for  rea- 
sons the  reader  will  readil\-  understand,  he 
christened  the  Chemical  National  Pank.  This 
institution  i)nMn])tly  elected  Mr.  Richardson  as 
president,  and  his  high  standing  in  the  connnn- 
nit>-  attracted  so  much  attention  that  from  the 
\-erv  first  it  did  a  profitable  business.  The  bank 
opened  its  first  account  in  June,  ls;il,  in  its 
handsome  olTices  in  the  Oriel  Puilding,  and 
within  six  mouths  its  depositors  numbered  over 
a  thousand.  It  made  a  specialty  of  ladies'  ac- 
counts, and  has  ju'oliabh-  a  larger  clientage 
among  the  fair  sex  than  any  two  of  the  old 
established  banks  in  the  city. 

.Mr.  Richardson's  associates  anu)ng  the  direct- 
ors and  stockholders  include  such  ])rominent 
business  men  as  Dr.  J.  J.  Lawrence,  editor  of 
Medical  Ih-icfy  and  one  of  the  largest  real  estate 
owners  in  thecit\";  Edward  Mallinckroclt,  of  the 
.\Lillinckrodt  Chemical  Works;  J.J.  Hroderick, 
of  the  Broderick  &.  Bascom  Rope  Com])auy; 
Francis  Kuhn,  of  the  late  .Anthony  iS:  Kuhu 
Brewery  Company;  P^still  IMcHeiiry,  executor 
of  the  James  B.  Eads  estate;  John  B.  Case,  of 
the  N.  O.  Nelson  ^Lanufacturing  Company;  F. 
A.  Bensberg,  of  F.  A.  Beusberg  &  Company; 
A.  <  >.  Rule,  of  McCormick-Kilgeu-Rule  Com- 
pau\';  Claude  Kilpatrick,  of  Rutledge  iJt  Kil- 
patrick,  real  estate  agents;  Oscar  L.  W'hitelaw, 
of  Whitelaw  Brothers;  James  A.  Daughaday,  of 
the  late  Brown,  Daughaday  iS:  Company;  and 
John  D.  Winn,  president  Lambert  Pharmacal 
Comjiauy. 

.Vlthough  Mr.  Richardson  devotes  a  great  deal 
of  time  to  the  business  of  the  Chemical  Bank, 
he  has  other  interests  of  great  importance. 
Although  the  Richardson  Drug  Couij)any  has 
not  been  in  business  in  St.  Louis  since  the  great 
fire,  it  carries  on  operations  at  Omaha,  Ne- 
braska, and  its  incorporator  is  still  its  president 
and  the  owner  of  the  controlling  interest.  He 
is  also  president  of  the  Rio  Chemical  Company 
and  the  Richardson-Taylor  Medicine  Company, 
a  director   in  the  Missouri    t^lectric    Light   and 


IU( y.RAPHICAL  APPI-.NniX. 


187 


I'ower  Conipanv',  tlio  Central  Trust  CoiujKiny, 
and  otlier  iiii]K)rtant  corporaticjiis,  as  well  as  a 
large  stockholder  in  the  Troiiimer  lixtract  and 
Malt  Company,  of  Freemont,  Ohio. 

Thus  it  will  be  seen  that  although  Mr. 
Richardson  is  but  forty-five  years  of  age  he 
has  achicN'ed  more  than  most  men  are  able  to 
accomplish  in  a  life-time,  and  as  he  is  in  enjoy- 
ment of  \igorous  health  and  remarkable  energy, 
there  would  appear  to  be  no  limit  to  the  possibil- 
ities of  his  future.  He  is  of  a  \'er\'  genial  dis- 
position, kind  antl  courteous  to  all,  and  cnie  of 
the  most  jiopidar  men  in  tlie  cit_\',  although 
he  never  puts  himself  forward  in  any  way  and 
has  never  been  known  to  seek  office  or  prefer- 
ment of  any  kind.  Success  has  come  to  him 
not  b\'  chance,  but  in  consequence  of  persistent 
effort,  and  ever\'  one  agrees  that  he  is  thoroughly 
entitled  to  all  he  has  obtained.  He  resides  in  a 
handsome  residence  on  the  corner  of  Morgan 
street  and  (iarrison  avenue,  and  is  the  father  of 
two  children,  both  of  whom  are  dead. 

Hi'MPHRKv,  Fk.\nk  \V.\tkrm.\x,  although 
not  ctjunected  with  the  earlier  historv  of  St. 
Uonis,  is  as  a  founder  of  a  business  which  is  the 
leading  enterprise  of  its  kind  in  the  city,  and  an 
active  promoter  of  the  city's  welfare,  is  well 
entitled  to  ha\'e  his  name  jirominently  inscribed 
among  the  man\  other  enli'r])rising  citizens 
who,  b\'  their  industry,  wealth  and  sagacity, 
ha\e  contributed  to  build  up  the  commercial 
prosperitN'  of  the  metropolis.  .\n\-  one  who,  like 
Mr.  IIumi)hrey,  has  raised  hiuist'lf  to  a  jiroud 
commercial  ])osition  as  the  head  ol  an  impor- 
tant line  of  trade  in  a  great  city,  and  has  attained 
such  an  eminiut  eomnu-rcial  success,  has  a  bi- 
ograplu'  both  worth  writing  and  reading,  and  is 
himself  an  example  worthy  t)f  enndation  b\'  the 
\oung  man  who  desires  to  succeed  to  business. 

It  is  claiuu-d  that  .St.  Louis  is  a  southern  city, 
but  it  is  a  fact  that  a  great  many  of  the  men 
who,  b\-  their  strength  of  character  and  abilit\', 
ha\e  been  accorded  to  jilaces  of  leaders  and  have 
lignred  as  such  in  the  hislt)r\-  t)f  the  cit\'  are  of 
New  Kngland  origin.  In  fact,  a  great  many 
such  men,  in  proportion  to  their  numbers,  lia\e 


reached  high  positions  in  the  city's  professional 
and  commercial  life,  and  among  those  who  have 
attained  such  success,  the  subject  of  our  sketch 
must  be  rated. 

.Mr.  Humphrey  bears  a  name  that  has  been 
jjrominent  in  the  history  of  Massachusetts  since 
llii).'),  at  about  which  time  Jonas  Humphrey  left 
his  nati\'e  town  of  Wendo\-er,  England,  to  seek 
fortune  and  liberty  in  a  land  that  had  been 
known  to  the  civilized  world  scarcely  a  century 
and  a  half,  b'rom  a  book  written  by  Fred.  K. 
Hum])hre\-,  M.D.,  called  "the  Hum]direy  F'am- 
ily  in  .Vmerica,"  the  names  and  history  of  the 
famih-  can  be  brought  down  to  the  ]iresent  day. 
In  it  there  are  found  Mr.  1".  W.  Humphrey's 
male  ancestors,  with  the  date  and  place  of  their 
birth,  were.  Jonas  was  born  in  Wendover, 
Ihicks,  K)ngland,  1()2<);  Jonas,  born  in  Wey- 
mouth, .Massachusetts,  Iii.'i.');  Jonas,  born  in 
\Ve\nionth,  1<!1^4;  Samuel,  born  in  Weymouth, 
1  72.S;  James,  bornin  Wevmouth,  1  7.")4;  Ebenezer, 
born  in  Wevmouth,  I7S1;  .Albert,  born  in  Wey- 
uioutli,  l.siO;  I'rank  Waterman,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  born  in  Weymouth,  June,  1S.')2. 
It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  Humphrey  family 
has  been  identified  with  the  histor\'  of  the  abo\'e 
named  Massachusetts  town  for  over  a  hundred 
years.  His  mother's  name  before  her  marriage 
was  Elizabeth,  and  on  this  side  of  the  lionseMr. 
IIum]dire\-  is  connected  with  a  very  old  Massa- 
chusetts famiK'. 

Young  Frank  receixed  his  education  in  Boston, 
a  city  long-celebrated  for  her  schools  and  col- 
leges and  the  learning  of  her  i)eople.  Most  of 
his  education  was  acquired  at  Channing  Hall 
.School.  Completing  his  school-life  and  leaving 
his  books  when  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age,  he 
then  began  to  look  about  for  emplo\inent,  and 
succeeded  in  obtaining  a  position  as  clerk  in  the 
wool  connnission  house  of  J.  C.  Howe  &  Com- 
pany, a  place  obtained  only  after  considerable 
effort,  as  this  house  was  the  oldest  and  richest 
and  most  responsible  in  its  line  in  Hostou.  .\fter 
a  jieriod  of  a  \ear  and  a  half  spent  in  this  situ- 
ation heacccpted  ai)lacein  thewholesale  clothing 
house  of  Heard,  Monlton  6c  Compan\-,  and  in  that 
lincof  trade  he  has  continually  been  engaged  ever 


188 


OLD  AND  KJiW  ST.  LOi7S. 


since.  He  entered  tlie  house  as  a  stock -boy  and 
was  o;raduaIly  immioted  ihiongh  e\er\-  stay^e  of 
the  l)usiness,  until  wlun  lie  resigned  his  ]ilace 
early  in  IST.'i;  he  was  a  salesman,  and  consid- 
ered the  most  valnable  and  proficient  one  con- 
nected with  the  house. 

AUhiiUL;li  he  held  an  excellent  position,  his 
and)ition  would  not  allow  him  to  rest  contented, 
and  actuated  1)\-  that  desire  to  better  his  condi- 
tion without  which  no  man  succeeds,  he  con- 
vinced him.self  that  the  new  and  growing  West 
was  the  section  for  the  young  man  who  was 
energetic  and  and^itious,  and  this  was  his  rea- 
son for  gi\ing  up  his  place  with  the  IJoston 
house.  He  reached  St.  J^ouis  in  the  above 
named  year,  and,  being  favorably  impressed 
witli  the  city,  soon  opened  the  retail  clothing 
store  at  site  now  occu])ied  bv  the  business.  The 
trade  of  the  house  has  increased  from  the  day  it 
opened,  and  the  expansion  of  the  business  has 
been  steadw  Mr.  Humphrey  conducted  the 
business  alone,  until  l^iS4,  when  William  M. 
Tamblyn  was  made  a  partner,  and  the  st\le  of 
the  firm  changed  to  F.  W.  Humphre\-  &  Com- 
pany. The  house  to-day  stands  at  the  head  of 
the  retail  clothing  houses  of  St.  Louis,  occupies 
two  floors,  KlDxllO  feet  in  area,  and  employs 
about  100  assistants. 

On  August  20,  1873,  about  one  month  before 
Mr.  Humphrey  inaugurated  the  business  at 
present  presided  over  1)y  him,  he  was  married 
to  Miss  Ennna  Henrietta,  daughter  of  John 
M.  and  Catherine  Walsh.  She  was  born  at 
South  Britain,  Massachusetts,  July  1,  IS.")]. 
Their  married  life  has  been  blessed  with  four 
children,  one  of  whom,  Albert,  born  in  St. 
Louis,  February  2.">,  187(5,  is  dead.  The  others 
are  Frank  Hackett,  who  was  born  in  St.  Louis, 
July  •J7,  1S77;  Brighton  Walsh,  born  at  Coney 
Island,  New  York,  July  ;U),  187!l;  and  Adele, 
who  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  October  14,  l.s>S2. 

.Mr.  Humphrey  is  a  man  of  a  quick  and  recep- 
tive mind,  and  has  therefore  profited  to  the 
fullest  by  his  long  experience  in  the  clothing 
trade,  and  is  regarded  by  men  engaged  in  that 
business  as  an  expert  whose  judgment  in  mat- 
ters pertaining  to   clothing  is  second  to  that  of 


no  one.  He  is  a  man  of  great  activitv  and 
earnestness,  and  ever\'  scheme  he  undertakes  he 
pushes  to  some  conclusion,  thus  showing  also 
that  great  determination  is  oui'  of  his  aiii\e 
])rincii)les.  He  is  a  citizen  of  nuirked  public 
s])irit,  and  in  every  enter])rise  concerning  tlu- 
promotion  of  the  cit\"s  welfare  he  is  alwa\s 
ready  to  assist  in  a  manner  so  material  as  to 
make  his  influence  felt.  In  the  private  walks 
of  life  he  is  genial  and  sociable,  possessing  (piali- 
ties  that  ha\'e  endeared  him  to  a  wide  circle  of 
friends  and  acquaintances.  He  is  now  in  the 
strength  of  manhood  and  the  full  tide  of  busi- 
ness success,  while  before  him  lies  a  future  both 
bright  and  ])roniising. 

\v..vvM.\y.,  Jamk.s  K. — Among  tlie  nuni  who 
ha\e  on  e\er\-  possible  occasion  identified  theiu- 
seh'cs  with  charitable  and  ])hilantliropic  work 
in  St.  Louis,  no  one  is  more  deser\'iiig  of  credit 
than  Mr.  James  K.  Yeatman.  b'or  more  than 
half  a  century  he  has  been  a  resident  of  St.  Louis, 
and  during  that  period  he  has  never  allowed  his 
own  jiersonal  interests  to  interfere  with  the 
noble  work  of  relie\'ing  the  suffering  and  aiding 
the  deserving  poor.  He  has  had  ct)untless  op- 
])ortunities  of  accumulating  wealth,  but  lias 
never  taken  advantage  of  them,  deri\iiig  more 
pleasure  from  doing  good  to  others  more  in  need 
than  himself. 

He  was  born  in  Bedford  couiitx',  TiMinessee, 
August  27,  IM'Sj  of  well-to-do  parents,  wlio  gave 
him  ail  excellent  education.  His  earliest  work 
was  in  an  iron  foundry  at  Cninberland,  Tennes- 
see, and  in  LS4'2  he  came  to  vSt.  Louis  aiul  o])eiied 
a  branch  for  a  Xasln'ille  iron  house.  In  IS.'iO  he 
entered  the  commission  business,  and  in  the  same 
vear  he  assisted  in  establishing  the  Merchants" 
Bank,  whose  name  was  subse([Ueiitly  changed 
to  the  Merchants'  National  ISank.  Ten  Ncars 
later  he  retired  from  the  commission  business 
and  became  president  of  the  bank  he  had  helped 
io  form.  He  also  acted  as  the  first  president  of 
the  .Mercantile  Library  Institution,  helped  estab- 
lish I'ellcfontaine  cemetery,  and  was  first  presi- 
dent of  the  Blind  .\syluni.  His  wcn'k  in  con- 
nection with  Washint'tou  IhiiversitN-  in  itseaili- 


'^  ^BSJ^. 


BIOGKAPIIICAI,  APPENDIX. 


189 


est  days  was  invaluable,  and  so  was  his  service 
in  securing;  the  construction  of  the  Oliio  ^  Mis- 
sissippi railwav. 

A  well-known  local  writer,  sjjcakin.^  of  Mr. 
Yealnian's  works  of  charity  and  labors  of  lo\e, 
says: 

"  Throughout  the  tr\'ino;  period  preceding  and 
duriuij^  the  civil  war,  ]\Ir.  Yeatman  was  a  strenu- 
ous supporter  of  the  l^nion,  but  labored  earnestly 
for  ])eace  and  reconciliation.  His  mother's  sec- 
ond husband  was  Jidin  IJell,  of  Tennessee,  the 
candidate  f(n-  President  of  the  I'nited  Slates  on 
the  I'nion  ticket  in  l-SiiO,  and  Mr.  \'catnian 
belon<jed  to  the  Union  school  in  ])olitics. 
W'luii  wai'  could  no  lonj^er  be  a\'oided  he 
slro\-e  to  avert  its  horrors  from  Missouri,  and 
was  deputed  b\-  some  of  the  most  loyal  and  hon- 
ored citizens  of  Si.  Louis  to  acconipan\-  Hon. 
II.  R.  ('iaud)le  to  Washinj^ton,  to  lay  the  silua- 
ation  in  Missouri  before  President  lyincoln. 
(iencral  Harney  was  then  in  command  of  the 
I  )c])arlnicnl  of  the  West,  and  his  policy  was  the 
subject  of  nnich  contention  before  the  President. 
Messrs.  Yeatman  and  Gamble  were  firmly  per- 
suaded that  it  was  the  onl\'  one  that  would  lead 
to  a  ]Haceful  solution  of  the  problem,  but  they 
failed  to  impress  Mr.  Lincoln  with  this  view, 
and  (ieneral  Ilarnev  was  soon  removed,  and  the 
\ii.;i'rous  counsels  of  P'rank  P.  lilair's  party 
adopted  by  the  (ioverument.  ^Ir.  Cramble,  sub- 
se(iuentl\  as  ]->ro\'isional  governor,  serx'ed  the 
Stale  and  the  country  ihroujjh  a  period  of  un- 
e.xamjiled  dilTicuUies  with  i^rcat  ability,  while 
Mr.  Yeatman  jierformed  the  most  arduous  and 
self-sacrificinjj  labor  in  connection  with  the 
Western  Sanitary  Connnission,  which  was  called 
into  existence  by  General  P'remont  in  Septem- 
ber, istil,  in  order  to  mitigate  the  Innrors  of 
the  war  then  actually  in  progress  in  Missouri, 
as  widl  as  in  the  more  .Southern  Stales.  .\s 
]ire\iousl\-  staled,  Mr.  \'ealman  was  jn-esident 
t)f  the  commission,  and  is  nni\ersall\'  conceded 
to  have  been  its  guiding  sjiirit  throughout  the 
war. 

"  Indeed,  from  the  very  moment  of  his  accept- 
ance of  this  delicate  and  sacred  trust  he  put  busi- 
ness and  home  and  fiieiids  btdiiud  him  and  con- 


secrated liimself,  in  the  true  sacrificial  spirit, 
entirely  to  the  noble  work  of  relieving  distress 
and  misery.  His  task  was  dual  in  its  character, 
for  he  was  called  upon  to  svstematizc  the  im- 
pulsive, disorderly  and  uninformed  sym])athies 
and  efforts  of  the  loyal  ])eople  of  the  \\'est,  and 
then  to  make  effective,  with  the  least  waste  of 
time,  labor  and  miniex',  the  agencies  emploved 
for  the  relief  and.  care  of  sick  and  wounded 
soldiers.  In  this  great  emergencv  Mr.  Yeatman 
exhibited  a  cajiacilx-  and  aptitude  for  organiza- 
tion on  a  large  scale  scarcely  equaled,  and  cer- 
tainly never  exceled,  in  the  history  of  the  coun- 
try. His  duties  led  him  all  over  the  war-stricken 
regions  of  the  vSoiUhwest,  wherever  men  were 
suffering  or  likely  to  suffer  and  to  need  relief. 
Like  Howard,  he  nuist  look  with  his  own  eyes 
on  the  misery  he  was  charged  to  relie\-e;  and  it 
has  been  well  said  that  '  the  hoslile  armies  were 
filled  with  a  new  feeling  —  that  of  tenderness  — 
as  the\'  beheld  his  unselfish  efforts.'  " 

Tile  connnission  established  hospital  steam- 
ers, founded  soldiers"  homes  and  homes  for  their 
children,  and  took  the  earliest  steps  to  relieve 
the  freedmen,  whom  the\-  inomptly  recognized 
as  the  "  wards  of  the  nation."  They  sent  them 
teachers,  nurses,  and  physicians,  and  the  labors 
of  the  commission  in  connection  with  the  freed- 
men during  lS(if-(i.")  were  ijuite  as  arduous  to  Mr. 
Yeatman  and  his  associates  as  were  those  during 
some  of  the  periods  in  which  the  great  battles 
of  the  war  had  been  fought.  The  P'reedmen's 
Piureau  was  organized  on  the  ]ilan  devised  by 
Mr.  Yeatman,  who,  cnice  a  holder  of  slaves,  now 
became  a  benefactor  of  the  negro  race.  His 
report  \.o  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission 
fax'oring  the  leasing  of  abandoned  plantations  to 
freedmen  was  declared  liy  the  Xorlli  Anicricaii 
Rcvic'a-  ( .\pril,  ISfil)  to  contain  in  a  single 
page  "the  final  and  absolute  sohition  of  the 
cotton  and  negro  questions."  Mr.  Yealman'.s" 
rei>orl  was  so  favorable  that  he  was  sent  to 
Washington  lo  lay  his  \  iews  before  the  Govern- 
ment. Tlu  President  was  greatly  impressed, 
and  urged  him  to  acconi])any  a  Government 
ollicer  to  \"ickslmrg  to  ]nit  them  into  effect. 
This  .Mr.  Yeatni.ui  did,  although  he  declined  an 


1!H) 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   /.Ol'/S. 


i)trK-ial  appoiiiliiRiit  in  llial  comicclion.  Wlicii 
ihc  KrecdnKn's  Iliircaii  was  iiisliluled,  President 
Lincoln  offered  him  llie  coniniissionership,  Init 
lie  declined,  dislikinij,  possibly,  the  senii-niili- 
lar\'  features  of  the  establishment.  Its  main 
features,  ho\ve\er,  he  heartily   ajiproxed. 

The  Sanitary  Commission  disbursed  sp\'en 
huiulred  and  sevent\'-one  thousand  dollars,  and 
distributed  o\'er  three  and  a  half  million  dollars' 
worth  of  goods.  It  was  brought  into  very  close 
relations  with  the  military  authorities,  yet  its 
affairs  were  uiauaged  so  discreeth'  that  all  the  gen- 
erals in  the  field — Grant,  Sherman,  Fremont, 
Halleck,  Curtis,  vSchofield  and  Rosecrans — were 
on  the  most  friendh'  and  confidential  terms  with 
its  agents,  and  did  their  utmost,  by  means  of 
military  orders  and  the  e.xercise  of  their  personal 
influence,  to  advance  the  humane  work.  When 
it  is  considered  that  the  history  of  war  afforded 
no  precedent  for  sanitary  work  among  the 
soldiers  on  so  large  a  scale,  the  magnitude  of 
the  labor  of  the  commission  and  the  splendor 
of  its  sticcess  are  the  more  conspicuous. 

T.\NSKV,  ROBKRT  P.,  is  a  native  of  that  bright 
little  island  where  everything  flourishes  save 
"  the  sons  of  the  soil."  The  storv  of  their  suc- 
cesses in  life  is  generally  to  be  read  in  other 
lands  where  uien  ha\e  room  to  grow.  Mr.  Tan- 
sey  was  born  in  is;!;;,  in  Glenarm,  in  the  county 
of  .\ntriiii,  Ireland,  a  lo\-el\'  and  picturesque 
little  spot  on  the  sea-coast,  only  distant  a  few 
hotirs'  drive  from  the  Giant's  Causeway,  wdiere 
"  mist-covered  hills"  and  " surges  grand "  com- 
bine to  wake  the  spirit  of  jioetry  in  the  people. 
■  In  184-7,  when  fourteen  years  of  age,  he  left 
school  in  Belfast  and  emigrated  alone  to  the 
United  States,  arriving  at  New  Orleans  in  the 
good  ship  Indcpnidcnce.,  after  a  stonuy  pas- 
sage of  sixty-three  days.  Soon  after  arriving 
^t  New  Orleans  the  }'ouiig  einigiant  was  em- 
ployed at  Baton  Rouge,  Louisiana,  as  student, 
operator  and  repairer  of  lines  on  the  Louisville 
and  New  Orleans  telegraph  lines. 

When  P)aton  Rouge  became  the  capital  of  the 
State,  a  new  hotel,  called  the  "Harney  House," 
was    opened    by    Col.    L.    A.    l^ratt,    and   young 


Taiisey  was  chosen  its  book-keejier  and  clerk. 
After  a  year  s])eiit  in  this  ser\ice  the  ambitions 
youth  decided  to  try  his  fortune  in  the  West,  and 
came  to  St.  Louis,  finalh'  landing  in  Alton,  Illi- 
nois, where  he  studied  law  for  two  years  with 
Ivlward  Keating,  then  one  of  the  ablest  lawvers 
ill    Southern    Illinois. 

Mr.  Keating,  becoming  eoniK-eted  with  tlu- 
.\lton  (S:  Sangamon  Railroad  (  now  the  Chicago 
&.  Alton  line)  as  financial  agent,  and  subse- 
quently general  manager,  appointed  Mr.  Tanse\' 
pay-master  of  the  company  before  he  was  twenty 
years  of  age.  He  held  this  office  for  se\-eral 
years  and  was  afterward  general  agent  of  the 
line  at  .Springfield,  Illinois,  and  at  Alton. 

In  1S(;()  he  took  a  year  ofl  from  railmad  em- 
ployment to  re-establish  tlic  .  U/oii  .Wxlional 
Doiiocral^  a  daily  and  weekly  newspai)er,  the 
office  of  wdiieh,  with  all  its  equipment  of  ]iresses 
and  t\  pe,  had  been  totally  destruved  ;i  short 
time  previously  by  a  cyclone.  During  the 
heated  presidential  campaign  of  that  year  the 
Democrat^  of  which  Mr.  Tan.sey  was  sole  owner 
and  editor,  gave  Judge  Douglas  and  the  Demo- 
cratic ticket  a  warm  and  earnest  sujiport. 

Resuming  his  railroad  emplovment  in  iMi"-', 
Air.  Taiisey  was  appointed  general  freight  agent 
of  the  Chicago  &  Alton  Railroad,  with  head- 
quarters in  Chicago,  before  he  had  attained  the 
age  of  thirt^'  years.  P'rom  this  position  he  re- 
tired in  the  fall  of  IMli."),  and  came  to  St.  Louis 
as  a  URMuber  of  the  firm  of  Alitchell,  Milten- 
berger  &  Tansev,  which  afterward  was  incor- 
porated as  the  P^ast  St.  Ivouis  Transfer  Coinjiauy, 
and  became,  by  purchase,  the  owners  of  the 
]\Iadisou  County  Ferry  Company  and  its  prop- 
erties, operating  the  ferry  between  Venice  and 
St.  Louis. 

Here  the  first  transfer  of  car  load  freights  was 
made  at  St.  Louis  b\-  the  Aladison  County  P'erry 
Company,  of  which  John  J.  Mitchell  was  pres- 
ident and  R.  P.  Tansey,  manager.  Messrs. 
Alitchell  &  Tansey  built  the  \'enice  grain  ele- 
vator, and  this,  with  the  facilities  afforded  by 
their  car  transfer  boats,  aided  largely  in  the  im- 
petus gi\'en  the  bulk  grain  business  of  St.  Louis 
in  the  early  seventies. 


/HAAA^Cf 


/ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


I!)l 


of   llie  Wij^jijins   I'"erry 


The  social  side  of   Mr.  Tansey's  luilim-  is   il-  IClevator   Com])aiiy    and 

liislrated   by  his  connection  with   nearl\-  all   the  Company. 
clubs   in   lliis  citv.      He   is   also   a   meniljer  and 

c.\-presidcnt    of    the    Kni<j;hts    of    St.    Patrick.  P.AXXKRM.xx,  jA>rK.S,   of   whom   an   excellent 

While   ne\er   aspirin.s.^    to  political    position,  he  pictnre  appears  on   this  page,  is  a  Canadian   by 

consented,  reluctantly,  to  an  election  to  the  Cil\'  birth,  l)ut  is  a  thorouj^h    St.  Louis  man,  havin_y; 

Council  of  vSt.  Louis,  after  the  adoption  of  the  lived  here  the  greater  part  of    his  life.     He  is 

Scheme   and  Charter,  an  office   which  he  held  not   only  a   very  successful    business  man,   but 

for  four  \ears.      He  has  been   for  thirt\'  years  a  has  also  identified  himself  with  so  many  enter- 

a  member  of   the   Merchants"  Kxchange  of  this  prises  of  a  public  character  that   his  life  seems 

cit\',  and  has  served  that  bodv  on  all   its  com-  almost  to   belong  to  his  fellow-citizens,  and  he 


mittees,  and  as  di- 
rector, vice-presi- 
dent and  president 
of  the  lixchange,  to 
which  last  office  he 
was  unanimously 
elected  in   I  >i7  1 . 

Coming  to  his  do- 
mestic life,  we  find 
M  r.  Ta  nse\'  was 
married  in  1S.')4  to 
Miss  Maria  .Man- 
gum,  in  Alton,  Illi- 
nois, where  his  good 
mother  and  one  sis- 
ter still  reside — the 
former,  at  the  age  of 
four-score  years,  is 
still  in  excellent 
heahh.  His  father 
died  in  LSI  I.  Dur- 
ing the  fort)'  years  of 
their  life,  Mr.  and 
M  IS.    TanseN'    we  re 


JA>\LS    liANNHkAW.N. 


is  one  of  those  men 
concerning  whom  it 
is  impossible  to 
a\oid  the  exjiression 
of  surprise  as  to  how 
he  can  find  an\'  spare 
time  at  all  to  devote 
to  his  important  bus- 
iness interests.  Mr. 
liannernuiu  isknown 
as  an  earnest  Demo- 
crat, and  his  inffu- 
euce  in  his  party  is 
very  great.  His 
service  to  the  city 
as  speaker  of  the 
House  of  Delegates 
]U'oved  his  sterling 
worth,  and  the  stern 
manner  in  which  he 
rebuked  anything 
that  he  regarded  in 
the  nature  of  an  ir- 
regular i  t  \-     or     a 


blessed  with  fue  children,  two  of  wluun,  Robert  breach  of   trust  made   him   regarded  as  excep- 

and   Douglas,  are  dead.     One  daughter,   Mary,  tionally  eligible  for  the  office  of  mayor. 

and  two  .sons,  George  Jndd  and   Heruard   Mor-  Karly  in  18itH  he  was  nominated  by  the  Demo- 

risou,   still   surxive,  the  two  latter  in   this  cil\ ,  cratic  ])arty  for  this  office,  and  recei\  ed  the  suji- 

while   Mr.    Tansey   at   ])reseut   makes   his  home  jiort  of  the  indeiiendent,  o\  i)urity  in   politics, 

ou  a  farm  near  .Springfield,  the  charming  eai)ital  jiarty.      That  he  was  not  elected  was  simjdy  due 

of  Illinois.  to  the  fact  that  the  city  went  Republican  from  top 

He    has  not,    however,    severed  his  business  to  bottom  of  the  ticket,  and  although  defeated, 

connection  with  St.   I.,ouis.      He   is    at  present  ^Ir.  Hannerman  was  by  no  means  disgraced, 

identified   with   several   business   interests  here,  Mr.   Bannerman   is  a   member  of  the  finn   of 

liciug    ]uesideut    and   divtTtov    of    the    Si.   Louis  Meyer-r.aunermau  ^  Com])auy,  one  of  the  larg- 

Trausfei    Couii>au\   and  a  director  ol   the  ruiled  est  saddlery  houses  in  the  world,  its  career  ilat- 


102 


OLD  ANP  NJ-:\V  ST.  LOUIS. 


ing  from  the  close  of  the  war.  Tlie  firm  occu- 
pies the  entire  strnctiire  (ilii-Cls  North  Sixth 
street,  seven  stories  in  hcit^lii,  wiili  a  floor  area 
of  more  than  seven  thousand  square  feet  on  each 
story.  Three  hundred  men  are  em])lo\ed  in 
the  factory,  and  the  trade  extends  throughout 
tlie  entire  West,  Southwest  and  vSouth.  The 
house  has  done  a  great  deal  to  make  and  main- 
tain the  reputation  of  St.  Louis  as  the  best  sad- 
dlery and  harness  market  in  the  world. 

NiCHOi.-SON,  Petkr,  one  of  the  leading  higii- 
cla.ss  and  fancy  grocers  in  the  country,  is  alxnit 
sixty  years  of  age,  having  been  born  in  the  vil- 
lage of  Fowlis  Wester,  Perth  county,  Scotland, 
March  24,  lis;)4.  He  was  well  educated  in  the 
excellent  schools  near  his  home,  and  came  to 
.Vmerica  iu  l!~>.">2,  having  first  served  a  full 
apprenticeship  to  the  grocery  business  in  the 
second  largest  city  of  the  British  Empire,  and 
being  thoroughly  competent  to  persevere  in  the 
calling  of  his  choice. 

His  uncle,  Mr.  David  Nicholson,  had  already 
established  his  reputation  as  a  dealer  in  fine 
groceries, wines  and  cigars  iu  St.  I^ouis,  and  the 
vonng  man  immediately  became  connected  with 
this  house.  His  first  position  was  that  of  clerk, 
but  he  gave  to  the  details  of  the  work  the  atten- 
tion which  his  faniih-  interest  naturalh-  de- 
manded, and  as  he  grew  in  }ears  the  business 
also  increased  until  it  assumed  the  gigantic  pro- 
portions which  it  now  holds. 

In  lX5(j  Mr.  Peter  Nicholson's  valuable  work 
was  recognized  and  he  was  taken  into  the  firm. 
Since  that  time  he  has  been  active  in  its  mau- 
asfement  and  is  now  its  head.  For  forty  \ears 
he  has  given  his  undivided  attention  to  the  busi- 
ness of  his  choice  and  has  acquired  a  reputation 
in  it  which  extends  into  ever}-  State  and  Terri- 
tory in  the  Union.  For  man}*  years  the  estab- 
lishment had  its  home  on  .Sixth  street,  just  south 
of  Chestnut  street,  and  was  one  of  the  local  laud- 
marks.  It  was  burned  out  in  the  year  ISIil, 
but  convenient  premises  were  secured  on  the 
same  street  a  little  further  north,  and  there  was 
but  a  slight  interference  with  business. 

Mr.  Nicholson  has  since  erected  a  most  suit- 


able building  for  his  business  on  Broadway, 
between  Pine  and  Olive,  known  as  Nos.  2()H,  210, 
212  North  Broadway.  .\s  Peter  Nicholson  & 
.Sons,  the  house  is  transacting  a  high-class 
wholesale  and  retail  grocery  business  second  to 
none  iu  the  West,  and  second  to  few,  if  any,  in 
the  Tuiled  .States.  The  name  of  .Xicholsou  is 
known  in  nearly  every  State  of  the  Union,  and 
there  are  many  high  grades  of  groceries  which 
are  handled  exclusively  by  the  firm,  which  docs 
not  transact  any  business  at  all  iu  low-priced  or 
inferior  goods. 

It  can  easily  be  understood  that  it  is  not  only  as  a 
grocer  that  Mr.  Nicholson  is  known  to  the  peojile 
of  St.  Louis  and  of  the  State  of  Missouri.  The 
remarkable  business  qualifications  which  luue 
enabled  him  to  achieve  such  unitjue  success  has 
attracted  the  attention  of  the  slockholdi'rs  in 
numerous  corporations,  and  it  has  l)een  with 
difficulty  that  ]\Ir.  Nicholson  has  resisted  some 
of  the  countless  offers  which  have  been  made 
him.  In  1>>7.')  he  became  a  director  in  the 
American  Fxchauge  Bank,  one  of  the  most  sub- 
stantial financial  institutions  in  the  West.  Re- 
garding the  directorship  in  the  light  of  an 
imjiortaut  trust,  he  was  not  satisfied  with  llie 
perfunctory  performance  of  routine  duties,  l)Ul 
made  it  his  business  to  watch  its.  interests  in 
e\'er\'  manner  possible.  In  1S7S  Ins  sterling 
worth  was  recompensed  by  his  election  to 
the  presidency  of  the  bank,  whose  name  was 
changed  from  its  old  title  named  in  its  charter 
of  l^^tU  "Union  Savings  Association"  to  the 
one  by  which  it  is  now  known.  Under  Mr. 
Nicholson's  presidenc\-  its  business  increased 
with  great  rapidit>'  and  its  capital  is  now  half 
a  million  dollars.  He  resigned  the  presidency 
in  May,  l.sii4,  owing  to  pressure  of  business. 

About  ten  years  ago  Mr.  Nicholson  was  pre- 
vailed upon  to  accept  a  seat  on  the  board  of  the 
American  Central  Insurance  Company,  of  which 
he  is  still  a  director.  He  was  one  of  the  active 
incorporators  of  the  St.  Louis  Associated  Whole- 
sale (irocers,  one  of  the  most  valuable  trade 
organizations  in  the  city.  Of  this  he  was  pres- 
ident for  the  first  and  second  years,  and  he  is 
now  one  of  its  most  prominent  directors. 


#"'^ 


BIOCRAPIIICAI.  APPENDIX. 


19;i 


I)uriii<;  a   visit  to  Scotland  in  the  year   lx.")7 
he    married,    in   Cilasgow,   INIiss  Mary    Roherts, 


hut    onlv  saw  nine 


front    with    the    rej^inient, 

months'  service. 

(laii<^hter  of    .Mr.  James    Roberts  of    tliat    cit\'.  .\t   the   end  of   liis  term    lu-   returned    to   his 

Nine  cliiUhvu  of  lliis  cslimahle  couple  survive,  home  in  Massachusetts,  but  stayed  tliere  onl\-  a 
iheir  names  bein<r  Da\id  K.,  James  Peter,  short  time,  and  then  went  south  a<jain  to  assume 
Helen,  .\le\auder,  Mary  Elizabeth,  Jean,  Flor-  charore  of  a  position  which  had  been  offered 
encc,  ( iertrude  and  .Mice.  him  at  Yorktown,  \'ir<;;inia.      .\t   N'orktown   he 

was  still    stationed    in  the    fall  of   lfS(i4,  when 

vScTDDHK,  lvi.i.SH.\'  G.\(;i-;,  is  one  of  the  sue-      he  decided  to  take  a    western    trip,  partly    for 

cessful  wholesale  _^;rocers  of  St.  Louis,  and  the     pleasure  and  partly  for  the  purpose  of  seekin<ja 

thoroui^h  ku()wled,i,^e  of  the  business,  which  has      location    in    a    newer    country.      He    was    ver\- 


been  one  of  the  main 
factors  by  which  he 
has  attained  this 
success,  ha.s  been 
gained  by  a  life-time 
of  experience  in 
every  department  of 
the  business.  He 
was  born  Ma\'  17, 
l.s;;H,  in  tlie  little 
sea-coast  town  of 
Hj-annis,  on  the 
eastern  coast  of 
-Massachusetts.  His 
father,  Frederick, 
and  his  mother, 
Cordelia  (  (i  a  .t,'e  ) 
Scudder,  were  both 
of  Puritan  stock. 
F  1  i  s  h  a  attended 
schniil  in  his  uati\'e 
town  until  he  was 
lifleeu  \ears  old,  and 
then  entered  Tri])i)'s 

Acadeuu',  where  he  attciuUcI  the  terur'^  lor  two 
\ears,  and  liieu  took  the  finishing  courses  at 
Pierce  .Vcademy,  at  .Middleboro,  Massachusetts. 
Leaving  the  academy  he  began  his  commer- 
cial career  b\-  the  acce])lance  in  l?>.'i7  of  a  situa- 
tion in  the  wholesale  grocery  house  of  I'jnmons, 
Dauforth  ^:  .Scudder,  of  Boston.  He  was 
emploxed  as  a  clerk,  and  the  lirst  \ear  received 
sliKi  for  Jiis  srr\ices.  He  was  still  at  work  for 
tliis  house  wlien  the  ci\il  war  broke  out,  but 
iu  isdi'  resigned  In  enlist  in  the  h'orlN-fourlh 
Mas^aehiisrtts  X'obmteeis,      He  was  sent   to  the 


K.  O.  SCUDDER. 


nnieli  i  m  ]>  r  e  ss  e  d 
with  St.  Louis, 
which  he  rightly 
concluded  was  a 
cit\-  with  the  most 
brilliant  future 
prospects.  ( )n  this 
\isit  he  became 
acquainted  with  Mr. 
Hrookmire,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  wholesale 
g  r  o  c  e  r  y  firm  of 
Joseph  Hammill  S: 
C  o  m  p  a  n  \-,  who 
finallv  offered  him  a 
posit  ion,  and  he 
went  to  work  Janu- 
ar\-  1,   INi!."). 

Two  >ears  was 
the  term  of  his  serv- 
ice as  s  a  1  c  s  m  a  u 
with  this  house, 
w  h  i  c  h  was  suc- 
ceeded by  the  firm 
of  Brookmire  6t  Raukiu.  He  was  at  once  put 
on  the  road  as  a  salesman  by  the  new  firm,  and 
for  six  years  was  indnstrioush-  engaged  in 
extending  the  firm's  business  connections.  So 
valuable  did  he  become  t<i  the  house  that  he 
was  made  one  of  the  partners,  and  in  IN^i'  the 
firm  name  was  changed  to  Hrookmire,  Rankin  ^: 
Scudder.  'Phis  arrangement  continued  up  to 
Januarv,  bss."),  \\\Mm  which  date  Mr.  Scudder 
wiliidrew  and  with  \V.  .\.  Scudder  established 
the  wholesale  grocery  firm  of  K.  CI.  Scudder  ^ 
Brotlur.      This    linn    was    verv   successful,   but 


13 


I'.ll 


()i.n  .\\n  \i:\v  sr.  i.oris. 


enlarged  business  facilities  were  acquired  by 
another  change,  by  which  the  firm  of  IC.  Ci. 
Scudder  iS;  ISroilur  and  the  ('Treeley-]')UrnlKnH 
Grocer  Company  were  merged  into  a  corpora- 
tion known  as  the  Scudder-(jale  (rrocer  Com- 
pany, May  1"',  !><!•;>,  of  which  K.  G.  Scudder  is 
president;  A.  H.  Gale,  \  ice-iaresident;  W.  A. 
Scudder,  treasurer,  and  G.  (r.  Wliitelaw, 
secretary. 

The  firm  occupies  commodious  (juarlers  in  tlie 
Cui)ples  block,  and  in  size  of  stock  and  volume 
of  business  is  perhaps  the  leading  grocery  firm 
of  the  Mississippi  Valley. 

On  July  \>>,  IcSTl,  Mr.  Scudder  was  married 
111  Miss  Mary  Gale,  niece  of  D.  I>.  Gale,  a 
])rouiinent  grocer  of  St.  Louis.  They  have 
four  children — Prentiss  Gale,  Alice  Cordelia, 
I^ucy  and  K.  Gr.,  Jr. 

SCRX'GGS,  RiCH.VRli  .M  . ,  has  ])lace  in  the  f  .out 
rank  (_)f  the  mercantile  c()UiuHiuit\-,  and  is  uni- 
versally recognized  as  one  of  the  most  eminent 
in  the  roll  of  chief  citizens  of  St.  Louis.  He  is 
a  native  of  Virginia,  born  Februar\  Hi,  is^:^, 
in  Bedford  count\',  near  a  town,  the  county  seat, 
then  called  Iviberty,  now  Bedford  City.  His 
father,  Reaves  S.  Scruggs,  was  a  planter  and 
])romiueut  in  public  and  political  life,  being  a 
leader  of  his  party  in  the  count>  and  represent- 
ing it  in  the  Virginia  Legislature.  His  mother 
was  Mildred  L.  Otey,  and  the  family,  on  both 
sides  of  his  parentage,  held  high  and  influential 
social  position. 

Mr.  Scruggs  came  to  St.  Louis  in  the  month 
of  March,  l^SoO,  and  opened  the  dry  goods  house 
which  has  recently  celebrated  its  forty-fourth 
anniversary.  He  was  then  only  in  his  twentv- 
seventh  year,  but  he  had  received  thorough 
business  training.  It  was  begun  at  the  age  of 
fifteen,  at  Lynchburg,  as  clerk,  and  there  and 
at  Richmond  it  was  continued  during  ten  years. 
He  had  rapid  promotion  and,  notwithstanding 
his  youth,  he  soon  became  in  both  establish- 
ments confidential  clerk  and  cashier.  He  left 
his  native  State  in  1.S47  to  seek  his  fortune  in  a 
new  country  and  in  a  wider  commercial  field. 
His  intended  destination  was  New  Orleans;  but 


on  his  way,  during  a  sojourn  at  Huntsville, 
.Mabama,  \isiting  a  brother  and  other  relatixes 
who  were  in  business  there,  he  was  offered  and 
accepted  an  advantageous  jjosition  in  a  branch 
oflfice  of  a  large  New  Orleans  cotton  firm,  which 
he  held  for  two  years,  when  a  proposal  was 
made  to  him  In-  a  leading  merchant  of  that  cit\' 
of  a  partnership  in  a  dry  goods  business  to  be 
established  either  at  Montgomery-  in  that  State, 
.Memphis,  or  St.  Louis.  Mr.  Scruggs  visited 
St.  Louis  and  at  once  decided  in  its  favor,  and 
commenced  his  St.  Louis  business  career.  It 
has  continued  without  interruption  and  with 
unbroken  success,  culminating  in  the  founding 
and  headship  of  the  Scruggs,  \'auder\-oort  (S: 
Barney  Dry  (ioods  Company,  one  of  the  largest 
and  most  reputable  dry  goods  houses  in  the 
United  States. 

Notwithstanding  the  engrossments  of  his 
l^rivate  business,  it  is  a  special  distinction  of 
Mr.  vScruggs'  career  that  it  embraces  manifold 
forms  of  good  citizenship,  and  he  has  become 
known  and  honored  as  a  public-sjiirited  citizen, 
broad-minded  philanthropist  and  zealous  church- 
man, as  well  as  successful  merchant. 

When  he  came  to  St.  Louis  the  cit)-  hail  just 
entered  upon  its  modern  history  of  growth. 
During  his  residence  the  corporate  limits  ha\e 
been  extended  westward  from  Eighteenth  to 
Eightieth  street,  and  the  population  has  nuilti- 
plied  ten-fold — from  fifty  to  five  hundred  thou- 
sand. Concurrently  with  this  wonderful  progress 
there  has  been  demand  for  the  establishment  of  the 
various  civic  and  benevolent  institutions  of  a 
great  city.  In  that  history  Mr.  vScruggs  has 
been  largely  identified,  and  not  only  in  the  pat- 
ronage of  his  naiiie,  but  in  personal  leadershij), 
which  is  sought  and  given  with  unstinted  devo- 
tion of  time  and  mone\-.  There  is  hardly  any 
such  an  institution  in  the  city  that  has  not 
received  his  benefactions,  nor  measure  for  the 
advancement  of  the  commercial  standing  of  the 
city,  and  the  promotion  of  the  public  welfare, 
with  which  his  name  is  not  connected.  This 
rejjutation  brings  to  him  more,  perhaps,  than  to 
any  other  in  the  comuuinit\-,  a  multiplicity  and 
a  variety   of  calls  for  gratuitous  public  service 


mocR. u'/f/c.u.  APPExnix. 


1!J5 


and  api^lications  for  charitable  aid  and  friendly 
offices.  It  is  siiri)risin.ij  that  he  can  find  time 
for  such  attention  and  kindh-  interest  as  he 
skives  them;  and  it  is  cummon  remark  lliat  tlie 
cit>-  is  highly  faxored  in  ha\ing  a  man  of  such 
unwearied  public  spirit  and  such  inexhaustible 
sympatlu'  with  the  poor  and  friendless.  This 
makes  his  leadership  irresistible;  and  it  is  said 
he  can  raise  more  money  for  any  cause  he 
espouses  than  any  man  in  St.  Louis. 

One  of  the  earliest  public  institutions  of  the 
city,  and  now  one  of  the  most  notable,  is  the 
.Mercantile  Library  Association,  of  which  Mr. 
Scrntrgs  was  a  director  for  man\'  vears,  its  presi- 
dent in  ISTO  and  1N71,  and  is  still  a  member  of 
its  board  of  trustees,  which  has  the  manaj^e- 
ment  of  its  property,  valued  at  half  a  million 
oi  dollars.  A  like  sum  is  the  estimated  value  of 
the  Mullanphy  Emigrant  Fund,  which  is  con- 
trolled b\'  a  board  of  commissioners  appointed 
by  the  Cit\'  Council,  and  of  which  he  was  a 
member  and  ])resident  of  the  board  continuously 
for  five  jears,  from  1?S77  to  1S)S2.  During 
seven  years,  from  lX)s;i  to  IJSiK),  by  appointment 
of  governors  of  the  State,  he  was  i)resident  of 
the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  Missouri  School  for 
the  Kdncation  of  the  Hlind.  His  administra- 
tion marked  an  era  in  the  historx'  or  that  insti- 
tution— its  transition  from  a  mere  asylum, 
occupied  with  the  care  in  food  and  shelter  for 
that  unfortunate  class,  to  a  school  proper  for  the 
blind,  with  se\-eral  departments  of  instruction  in 
letters,  uuisic  and  industrial  arts,  in  which  llie\' 
are  trained  for  self-supi)ort  and  to  take  positions 
as  intelligent  and  useful  citizens. 

He  was  one  of  the  original  promoters  of  the 
•St.  Louis  E.xposition  Association,  which  has 
continental  fame;  and  more  recentK'  in  connec- 
tion with  it,  the  autumnal  festivities,  lasting 
three  vears  and  covering  the  period  ot  the 
Cohnnbian  Kxptisition,  and  intended  to  give  the 
city  world-wide  repute.  From  the  first,  Mr. 
Scruggs  has  been  the  treasurer  of  the  Kxposi- 
tion  .\ssociatiiiu.  Its  financial  success  has  l)cen 
jiheuomenal,  llic  original  capital  stock  being 
s.'ido, 0(1(1  and  now  free  from  debt,  and  having 
property  in  various  forms  aggregating  a  million 


dollars.  He  was  a  liberal  subscriber  to  the 
stock,  and  his  firm  headed  the  subscri])tion  to 
the  special  fund  for  the  autumnal  festivities 
with  the  princeh-  sum  of  ?<l(),()(i(i. 

The  institution  in  which  Mr.  Scruggs  is  most 
heartily  interested  is  the  St.  Louis  Provident 
Association,  having  for  its  object  the  relief  of 
the  i^oor  of  the  cit\',  without  distinction  of  creed, 
color  or  nationalit)-.  He  has  been  a  director  for 
nearly  twenty  years,  and  during  the  past  ten 
\ears  its  president.  He  gi\es  to  it  large  per- 
sonal supervision,  and  is  an  active  solicitor  of 
its  revenue.  Its  beneficiaries  have  numbered 
fifty  thousand  families,  consisting  of  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  thousand  persons.  Of  these, 
during  Mr.  Scruggs'  administration,  relief  has 
been  given  to  seventy  thousand  persons.  A  more 
important  result  of  his  administration  has  been 
the  enlargement  of  its  operations,  especially  in 
the  introduction  of  industrial  methods  of  relief 
in  various  forms,  thus  a\oidiug  the  demoraliza- 
tion of  mere  alms-giving  and  helping  the  poor 
to  help  themselves,  by  which  self-respect  is 
preserved. 

.\  most  notable  institution  in  contemplation 
and  founded  ujion  the  bequest  of  the  late  Robert 
.v.  Barnes,  is  a  hospital  which  will  bear  his 
name.  He  was  a  retired  merchant  and  a  mill- 
ionaire, and  his  entire  estate  is  devoted  to  that 
purpose.  The  custody  of  the  fund  and  the  man- 
agement of  the  hospital  are  committed  to  three 
trustees,  of  whom  Mr.  Scruggs  is  one,  and  the 
first  named  in  the  will.  The  hospital  is  to  be 
under  the  auspices  of  the  .Southern  Methodist 
Church,  and  his  appointment  was  a  recognition 
of  his  standing  in  that  church,  as  well  as  sug- 
gested by  personal  esteem  and  confidence. 

In  no  part  of  his  career  has  Mr.  Scruggs  been 
more  thorougliK-  enlisted  tiian  as  a  churchman, 
having  l)een  connected  with  the  Methodist- 
Kpiscojial  Church,  South,  for  more  than  twent\' 
\ears.  He  has  filled,  by  election,  all  the  lay 
offices  in  its  organization,  and  is  invariably 
chosen  as  a  delegate  to  the  .Viinual  Conference, 
and  a  la\-  representative  in  tlie  Cicueral  Confer- 
ence, which  is  the  highest  legislative  and 
judicial    bod>    in    that    church,   meeting  quad- 


1% 


OlJ:>  AND  iXEW  ST.   I.OVIS. 


rennially.  He  is  actively  connected  with  the 
missionary  operations  and  educational  interests 
of  the  Conference,  and  in  city  evangelization 
and  church  extension  he  is  a  chief  counselor 
and  leader.  His  zeal  isaj^gressiveand  untiring, 
and  abounding  in  labors  and  liberality.  .\ 
notable  instance  and  fruit  of  his  zeal  is  the 
Cook  Avenue  Church,  where  he  has  his  member- 
ship. It  is  largely  his  creation,  raised  from  a 
small  mission  to  a  large  and  self-supporting 
congregation,  and  the  splendid  edifice  erected 
at  a  cost  of  over  $7.'),0{){),  more  than  one-half  of 
which  was  his  personal  contribution,  and  the 
larger  part  of  the  remainder  raised  by  his 
personal  effort  and  from  among  personal  friends 
and  acquaintances.  He  is  especially  devoted  to 
Sunday-school  work,  in  which  he  has  been 
engaged  as  sui)erintendent  nearly  twenty  years 
and  conducting  both  a  morning  and  an  afternoon 
school.  He  is  interested  and  active  in  inter- 
denominational Sunday-school  organizations  and 
enterprises,  and  for  several  years  past  has  been 
chairman  of  the  Kxecuti\'e  Committee  of  the 
State  Association,  which  has  ad\'anced  Missouri 
to  the  front  rank  in  the  Sunda\"-school  census  of 
the  United  States. 

Though  Mr.  Scruggs  is  now  in  his  se\ent\- 
second  year,  with  advancing  years  and  the  in- 
crease of  his  ]5rivate  business,  grown  to  im- 
mense proportions,  nevertheless  the  calls  and 
claims  of  public  service  do  not  decrease,  but 
nndtiply.  He  is  still  responsive  to  all,  and  equal 
to  all.  His  physical  vigor  is  remarkably  pre- 
served and  his  energy  is  unabated  and  seems  in- 
e.xhaustible.  \'erbal  characterization  is  largely 
unmeaning.  His  history  is  the  index  of  the 
man.  The  \alue  of  Mr.  Scruggs  to  the  genera- 
tion in  which  he  lives,  and  his  place  in  public 
esteem,  are  indicated  and  assured  in  the  above 
record,  at  the  bottom  of  it  a  sterling  manhood 
and  a  lofty  Christian  character. 

W.'VLKKR,  D.wii)  D.WLS,  one  of  the  men  of 
St.  Louis  whose  history  is  a  story  of  the  reward 
of  industry,  and  whose  success  is  the  result  of 
sagacity  and  ability. 

He  was  born  Jul\'  11',  1X40,  un  a  farm   about 


four  and  one-half  miles  from  Hloomington,  Illi- 
nois. His  father  was  born  in  England  and  died 
on  the  farm  four  and  one-half  miles  from  Bloom- 
ington,  Illinois,  in  bS?.'),  at  the  age  of  si.xty- 
seven  \ears.  His  mother,  whose  maiden  name 
was  fiercer,  was  a  native  of  Maryland,  and 
died  three  years  after  the  decease  of  her  hus- 
band. 

Young  David  recei\ed  the  regular  course  of 
the  common  schools,  and  ct)ntinued  his  study  at 
Beloit  College,  at  Heloit,  Wisconsin.  In  ls.")."i 
he  left  the  college  and  returned  home.  Two 
years  after  his  return  home,  or  in  IS.'iT,  on 
March  ftli,  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  with  tlie  in- 
tention of  making  it  his  home  and  of  starling 
the  building  of  his  own  fortune. 

Soon  after  his  arrival  in  the  city  he  entered 
the  business  in  wliicli  lie  was  destined  to  nuike 
his  fortune,  bv  securing  a  position  with  Crow, 
McCreery  &:  Company,  then  the  leading  whole- 
sale dry  goods  house  of  the  city.  It  may  be  said 
of  ^Ir.  Walker  that  he  has  made  everv  rung  of 
the  dry  goods  ladder  in  going  from  the  bottom 
to  the  top,  for  his  first  employment  with  Crow, 
McCreery  &  Company  was  as  oflfice-boy.  By 
the  closest  attention  and  constant  consideration 
of  the  interests  of  his  employers  he  soon  won 
the  reward  of  promotion,  being  advanced  from 
one  jiosition  to  another,  until  finalh-  in  l>!H."i, 
eight  years  after  he  had  entered  their  enip]o\-, 
he  was  admitted  to  a  partnership. 

Mr.  Walker's  ambition  to  succeed  had  im- 
pelled him  to  try  his  powers  beyond  their  limits, 
and  because  of  this  lie  was  compelled,  in  l.S7<s, 
to  withdraw  from  the  partnership.  Then,  for 
the  next  two  years,  he  gave  himself  nj)  to  rest 
and  the  reco\er\'  of  his  health,  returning  to  .St. 
Louis  in  \m(). 

His  health  restored  he  formed  a  partnership 
with  Frank  Ely  and  others,  the  newly-organized 
house  making  a  bid  for  popular  favor  under  the 
firm  title  Ely,  Walker  iK:  Company.  Under  this 
arrangement  the  house  did  business  for  three 
years,  at  the  end  of  which  time  the  trade  had  .so 
grown  that  it  became  necessary  to  give  the  busi- 
ness the  l)etter  opportunities  offered  b\-  the  oi- 
ganization  of  a  stock  company  and  incorporation. 


/,'/( )(:a\  / / '///( ".  / /,    APPi-.xnix. 


107 


The  style  of  the  firm  was  likewise  ehantjed  to 
the  Ely  iS:  Walker  Dry  (loods  Coinpain-. 

With  sncli  a  man  as  Mr.  Walker  the  direct- 
iiijf  head  of  the  house,  who  was  reco<jjnized  as 
an  authority  on  all  matters  pertainiujr  to  dry 
ijoods,  and  who  possessed  a  talent  for  managing 
a  great  business,  seconded  by  energy  and  good 
judgment,  the  success  of  the  house  was  assured 
from  the  beginning.  Its  growth  has  been  stead\' 
and  certain,  and  \ear  b\-  \-ear  it  has  added  to  its 
]irestige  and  influence  until  it  is  now  recognized 
as  one  of  the  most  prosperous  and  substantial 
wholesale  dry  goods  houses  of  the  country. 

In  IMiii'  Mr.  Walker  was  married  to  Miss 
Martha  A.  Ik-akex',  daughter  of  Jose])h  Ueakey, 
the  well-known  stove  man.  The\'  ha\e  a  large 
faniih-  of  interesting  children,  all  of  whom  are 
b()\  s  l)ut  one,  Rose  Marion,  now  Mrs.  Asa  Pitt- 
man.  The  boys  are  Jose])li  Sidney,  William  H., 
I ).  I ). ,  j  r. ,  (ieorge  Herbert  and  James  Theodore. 
The  fiiur  elder  boys  are  associated  with  their 
father  in  the  business,  W.  H.  Iieing  \ice-presi- 
dent,  and  Joseph  Sidney  assisting  him  in  the 
credit  department;  D.  I).,  Jr.,  and  George  Her- 
bert filling  minor  positions. 

.Mr.  Walker  attributes  his  success  in  business 
largeh'  to  the  earh-  training  he  received  from 
his  first  em])lc)\er,  Mr.  Wa\nian  Crow. 

WoKK.NKK,  John  Caiirii';!,,  was  born  at  .Moelir- 
ingen,  Stuttgart,  in  the  Kingdom  of  Wurteni- 
berg,  (iermauN',  .Vpril  2S,  l.s^d.  His  parents 
came  to  the  United  .States  in  June,  l'S;>;>,  and 
settled  in  Philadelphia,  where  the\-  remained 
until  IN-'m,  and  then  came  to  St.  Louis.  He 
was  e<lncate(l  in  the  pid)lic  schools  of  Philadcl- 
]ihia  and  St.  Louis,  luuing  attended  school  in 
the  former  cit\-  for  three  years  before  coming 
west  with  his  parents.  lie  tluii  atteuiK'd 
schdcil  in  this  cit\'  for  one  yeai.  l)nring  that 
lime  1r-  applied  himself  so  assiduously  to  his 
studies  that  lie  ac(|uired  an  e\celk-nl  knowledge 
of' the  iMiglish  and  (Kiinan  languages,  and  of 
such  branches  of  education  as  were  then  taught 
in  the  ])ublic  schools  of  this  city,  and  laid  the 
foundation  for  the  higlur  and  bitter  education 
which   he    has    since    a('(iuiri.'d    h\-  a    lite-lime  of 


reading,  .study  and  literary  work,  to  which  he 
has  found  time  to  devote  himself  in  spite  of  his 
official  and  professional  duties. 

In  1.S41  young  Woerner  went  to  Springfield, 
Missouri,  where  he  remained  for  a  year  and  then 
went  to  Waynesville,  Pulaski  county,  tliis  State. 
He  was  employed  as  a  clerk  in  a  countr\-  store 
at  both  places.  After  remaining  at  the  latter 
place  two  years  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and 
entered  the  office  of  the  Cierman  '/'ribuiic^  and 
served  as  "de\il,"  pressman,  compositor  and 
foreman,  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  revo- 
lution of  l^is  in  Oermany,  when  lie  returned  to 
his  nati\e  country  as  the  correspondent  for  the 
(ierman  'J'rihiiur  and  the  Xcw  York  Herald. 
He  remained  abroad  two  years  and  then  returned 
to  St.  Louis  and  took  editorial  charge  of  the 
Cierman  Tribune.  In  a  short  time  he  bought 
the  paper  and  converted  it  from  a  Whig  to  an 
Independent,  and  then  to  a  Benton  Democratic 
pajjcr.  He  sold  it  to  a  syndicate  in  l.s.')2.  He 
then  ran  a  job  ])rinting  office  for  a  time;  then 
sold  out  and  read  law  in  the  office  of  C.  C.  Sim- 
mons, and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1855,  by 
Alexander  Hamilton. 

While  reading  law  he  was  appointed  clerk  of 
the  Police  Court,  then  called  Recorders'  Court, 
for  two  years;  was  elected  clerk  of  the  Hoard  of 
Aldermen.  In  LS57  he  was  elected  cit\-  attor- 
iie\-,  and  re-elected  in  1S5<S.  In  IcH(it)  he  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  City  Council  for  the 
term  of  two  years,  and  re-elected  in  INlii  for 
the  same  term.  He  was  elected  to  the  State 
Senate  in  the  fall  of  l.SfJi',  and  in  lS(i()  was  re- 
elected to  the  State  .Senate.  In  l.^Tn  he  was 
elected  judge  of  the  Probate  Court,  and  has 
been  re-elected  at  the  e\]iiration  of  each  term  of 
office  e\er  since,  and  is  now  holding  the  office 
lor  the  sixth  tiTui. 

Judge  Woerner  is  by  all  odds  the  most  popu- 
lar and  most  efficient  probate  juilge  this  cit\' 
has  e\cr  had.  He  was  splendidly  equipjied  for 
the  discharge  of  liie  duties  of  that  office  when 
first  elected,  and  he  has  since  given  that  im- 
portant br.inch  ol  the  law  careful  and  ex- 
haustixe  sludv.  He  lias  prepared  and  ]-)ublished 
a  treatise  on   the   law  of  estates  and  administra- 


IDS 


OLD  AND  NI-.W  ST.  I.Oi'IS. 


tion,  called  "The  American  Law  of  Adiniiiistra- 
tiou,"  which  is  rejjarded  by  the  courts  and 
legal  profession  throiighout  the  country  as  a 
standard  and  a  most  valuable  authorit\'  upon 
the  subject. 

For  a  number  of  years  Judge  Woerner  has 
been  a  contrilnitor  to  leading  law  journals,  be- 
sides writing  extensi\ely  for  the  general  press. 
After  his  return  from  Europe  he  wrote  a  serial, 
entitled  "  Die  Sklavin,"  which  ran  through  the 
(lerman  Trihiiiir  in  ixr)()-,')l,  and  which  was 
afterwards  jmblished  in  book  form  and  had  a 
large  sale.  In  INTO  he  wrote  a  German  pla\' 
bearing  the  same  title  as  his  book,  but  different 
in  plot  and  action,  which  had  quite  a  run  in  the 
theaters  of  this  and  other  western  cities. 

.\lthough  he  has  held  public  office  for  many 
years  and  enjoys,  to  a  marked  degree,  the  esteem 
and  confidence  of  the  people,  Judge  Woerner 
has  never  mingled  extensively  with  the  masses. 
When  not  occupied  in  the  discharge  of  his  official 
duties,  he  has  given  his  time  to  study  and  liter- 
ary work.  By  this,  it  must  not  be  understood 
that  he  is  exclusive  and  out  of  touch  or  sym- 
patli}'  with  the  masses  of  the  people,  for  he  is 
not.  He  is  one  of  the  most  genial  and  compan- 
ionable of  men,  kind-hearted  and  generous;  but 
his  life  has  been  too  busy  a  one,  and  his  official 
and  literary  labors  too  exacting,  to  permit  him 
to  give  a  large  share  of  his  time  to  outside 
matters. 

Possessing  a  metaphysical  and  philosophical 
turn  of  mind,  it  was  only  natural  that  he  should 
be  one  of  the  founders  and  promoters  of  the 
Philosophical  Society  of  St.  Louis,  and  foremost 
in  advancing  all  movements  tending  to  a  higher 
education  of  the  people. 

Judge  Woerncr's  wife,  to  whom  he  was  mar- 
ried in  this  city,  Xovember  Hi,  l.S.")2,  was  Mi.ss 
Emelie  Plass.  She  was  the  daughter  of  PVed- 
erick  W.  and  Henrietta  ( Teyssen )  Plass,  and, 
like  her  husband,  was  a  native  of  Germanv. 
They  have  four  children  living — Rose  (  wife  of 
I?enjamin  W.  Mcllvaine);  Ella  (wife  of  Chas. 
Gildehans  ) ;  Alice  (  wife  of  Sylvester  C.  Judge  ), 
and  William  P.,  who  is  practicing  law  in  this 
citv. 


Hd.spKS,  Ricn.VKD,  one  of  the  leading  men  in 
banking  circles  of  St.  Louis,  is  the  son  of  Con- 
rad and  L\(lia  (Schrader)  Hospes.  He  is  a  na- 
tive Missonrian,  having  been  born  in  St.  Charles 
county  on  Christmas  da\',  l^iHS.  His  parents 
brought  him  to  St.  I^ouis  when  he  was  quite 
\()\ing,  and  he  attended  the  ])ublic  schools  of 
this  city  until  he  was  sixteen  years  of  age,  when 
it  became  necessary  for  him  to  obtain  his  own 
livelihood.  He  obtained  a  position  in  the  Ger- 
man Savings  Institution  as  messenger,  and  at 
once  attracted  the  attention  of  his  emplo\ers  by 
his  industry  and  general  good  sense.  At  the 
first  opportunit>-  he  was  promoted  to  a  more 
suitable  position,  and  as  a  clerk  proved  himself 
an  excellent  mathematician  and  a  thoroughly 
reliable  man.  Stej)  b\'  step  he  gradually 
mounted  the  ladder  until  he  became  cashier  of 
the  institution,  a  position  he  now  occupies. 

Mr.  Hospes  is  regarded  bv  the  banking  frater- 
nit}'  of  St.  Louis  as  an  exceptionally  safe  man. 
He  is  the  personal  friend  of  every  customer  at 
the  bank,  and  conducts  business  between  them 
and  his  employers  so  courteously  and  well  that 
the  relations  between  the  bank  and  those  keep- 
ing accounts  there  are  uniforndy  agreeable.  He 
devotes  his  energies  with  unremitting  care  to 
the  interest  of  the  bank,  where  he  is  to  be  found 
whenever  needed. 

For  thirty-nine  years  I\Ir.  Hospes  has  been 
connected  with  theCjerman  Savings  Institution, 
which  ma\'  now  be  looked  upon  as  one  of  the 
most  solid  banks  in  the  cit\'.  Too  much  credit 
can  scarcely  be  given  to  him  for  his  work  in  the 
building  up  of  the  bank,  which  work  is  thor- 
oughlv  appreciated  1)\'  the  directors  and  stock- 
holders. Since  he  commenced  work  in  it  in  a 
humble  capacity  he  has  seen  it  grow  from  a 
coniparati\eh-  small  bank  to  a  financial  institu- 
tion of  its  present  magnitude;  and  no  small  part 
of  the  success  which  this  institution  has 
achieved  is  due  to  the  prudence,  business  tact 
and  strong  good  sense  of  the  man  who  has  been 
identified  with  it  for  a  life-time,  and  occupies  in 
it  the  responsible  j^osition  of  cashier.  Mr. 
Hospes  is  a  man  of  family,  having  six  able  and 
intelligent  children. 


^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


190 


Maxox,  John  H.,  one  of  the  men  to  wlioni 
St.  Lonis  is  indebted  for  its  magnificent  street 
car  equipment  and  rapid  transit  superiority,  is 
about  sixty  years  of  age,  haN'injr  been  born  in 
Rensselaer  couutv,  Xew  York,  in  I^^IU.  He  is 
the  son  of  Josepli  .Stilluiau  and  Elizabeth  (  \'ars  ) 
Maxou,  and  throuj^h  his  father  he  traces  his 
ancestry  back  to  the  first  white  boy  born  on  the 
Isle  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island.  This  wasjohu 
Maxon,  who  was  born  in  liiMS,  aiul  to  whom 
was  born  a  son  of  similar  name  in  ITnl.  John 
Maxon,  Jr.,  was  the  father  of  David  Maxon, 
whose  son  Asa,  born  in  1748,  was  the  grand- 
father of  the  subject  of  this  .sketch. 

Young  Wx.  Maxon  was  educated  in  the  district 
schools  of  Xew  York,  and  then  electing  to  become 
a  civil  engineer  he  took  a  course  of  instruction 
in  the  Ren.s.selaer  Polytechnic  Institute,  of  New 
York.  .\fter  leaving  college  he  located  at 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  working  in  the  office  of  the 
city  engineer  and  taking  an  active  part  in  the 
construction  of  the  railroads  centering  in  that 
cit\-.  .\  few  \ears  before  the  war  he  was 
api>()inted  surveyor-general  under  (Tcneral  Cal- 
Imuu,  and  was  employed  surveying  government 
lands  in  Kansas  and  Nebraska  soon  after  their 
first  organization. 

The  outbreak  of  the  war  terminating  this 
work,  he  secured  a  position  as  an  engineer  in 
the  gold  fields  of  Colorado,  and  in  l^^iil  he  com- 
menced the  transportation  of  merchandise  into 
Colorado  and  Utah,  especially  to  western  mili- 
tary posts.  It  was  necessary  at  that  time  to 
cross  the  Rockies  with  oxen  and  nuile  trains, 
and  it  was  quite  common  for  .Mr.  Maxon  to 
accomj)an\-  them  himscll.  l-'indiug  there  was 
an  immense  demand  for  bacon  on  llu'  west- 
ern frontier,  he  formed  a  partnership,  in  lNii;>, 
with  Mr.  Robert  Hawke,  of  Nebraska  City,  Ne- 
braska, and  established  a  packing  house.  This 
was  located  at  l{ast  Nebraska,  Iowa,  and  was 
the  first  ]iacking  house  of  its  kind  west  of  the 
Missouri  ri\er. 

In  Istit!  he  represented  Nebraska  State  in  the 
Legislature,  and  he  helped  to  frame  the  first 
constitution.  lu  the  meantime  his  Ijusiness 
ventures  were  \-er\'  successful  and  lie  coiuinued 


in  the  packing  business  until  the  firm  was  dis- 
solved in  1X77.  Eleven  years  prior  to  this  he 
had  moved  his  residence  to  St.  Louis,  in  which 
cit\-  he  has  since  been  looked  upon  as  one  of  its 
most  valued  and  respected  citizens.  In  1X70 
he  became  president  of  the  Lindell  Railway 
Company,  and  for  seventeen  years  was  the  active 
manager  of  this  important  railway  system,  his 
associates  including  such  men  as  Judge  Light- 
ucr  and  William  A.  Hargadine. 

When  he  took  hold  of  the  business  the  stock 
was  practically  worthless,  but  in  1XX8  he  dis- 
posed of  the  line  at  about  two  hundred  cents  on 
the  dollar  of  the  nominal  value  of  that  stock. 
Mr.  klaxon  was  the  first  man  to  introduce  into 
St.  Louis  electricity  as  a  motive  power  for  street 
railroads.  liriugiug  from  luiro])e  a  storage  l)at- 
tery,  he  ran  it  for  some  months  on  the  Lindell 
road,  long  before  the  trolley  system  was  adopted. 
.\  careful  trial  convinced  him  that  the  storage 
battery,  as  then  developed,  was  not  suitable  for 
the  traffic  of  this  city,  with  its  great  variation 
and  heavv  grades.  He  accordingly  determined 
to  try  the  trolley,  and  secured  the  first  franchise 
in  this  city  for  an  over-head  wire  electric  road; 
and  he  is  thus  fairly  entitled  to  be  described  as 
the  father  of  the  magnificent  system  of  trans- 
portation which  makes  St.  Louis  a  source  of 
congratulation  from  citizens  of  so  man\-  other 
l>oiuts. 

.Mr.  Maxon  has  also  been  connected  with  sev- 
eral other  local  institutions.  He  has  been  a 
director  of  the  Commercial  Bank  for  twenty 
years  and  its  vicc-])resident  for  ten  years.  He 
is  president  of  the  Robert  B.  Brown  Oil  Com- 
pany, and  \ice-president  of  X.  K.  Fairbank 
Com]Kiny,  whose  factories  are  situated  in  St. 
Louis,  Chicago,  Montreal  and  New  York.  .Vs 
l)olice  commissioner  he  made  an  excellent  rec- 
ord, but  resigned  his  office  before  his  term  ex- 
])ired.  In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  his 
chief  abililv  is  his  abilitv  to  manage  men  aiul 
mold  public  opinion.  In  ]ui\ate  life  he  is  kind, 
courteous,  and  has  a  whole  host  of  personal 
friends. 

He  married  on  Jaimary  1.  ix.'i!'.  .Miss  Mattie 
.Vnderson,    of   \'irgiuia,  and   has  had   five  chil- 


UOl) 


OLD  ./.\'/)  \I:\V  ST.   IaU'IS. 


dren,  tliree  of  wliom — Wlla,  Lucia  and  Rita  — 
are  living. 

TfRNKR,  Thomas  Theodore,  sou  of  Henry 
S.  and  Julia  M.  (Hunt)  Turner,  was  born  in  a 
house  that  stood  on  the  corner  of  Seventh  and 
Olive  streets,  .St.  Liiuis,  on  ( )ctol)er  :^;'>,  l''^4:-'. 
He  was  educated  in  the  primary  schools  of  this 
city,  afterward  taking  several  courses  at  the  St. 
Louis  University,  and  leaving  there  to  tra\el 
in  Europe.  .Shortly  after  reaching  the  conti- 
nent he  entered  the  Jesuit  college  at  Namur, 
Belgium,  where  he  took  the  full  three  years" 
course,  coming  out  of  it  with  a  finished  educa- 
tion, and  fully  prepared  to  make  his  own  wa\' 
in  the  world.  He  returned  to  his  native  land 
after  graduating  from  the  Namur  college,  but 
still  considered  his  education  incomplete  with- 
out a  technical  or  professional  training,  and  act- 
ing on  that  conviction  he  entered  the  \'irginia 
Military  Institute,  intending  to  enter  the  army. 

He  continued  his  attendance  at  the  institute 
until  about  the  time  of  John  Brown's  raid,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  the  United  States  Naval 
Academy  at  Annapolis,  Maryland.  He  kept  up 
his  studies  until  lS(il,  when,  the  war  of  the 
rebellion  breaking  out,  he  gave  his  allegiance 
to  the  cause  of  the  .South,  and  quickly  changed 
the  comparatively  easy  life  of  the  training-school 
for  the  privations  of  the  march  and  the  rough 
usage  of  active  service.  He  was  attached  as  an 
aid-de-camp  to  the  staff  of  General  R.  S.  Ewell, 
with  whom  he  served  until  captured  by  Phil 
Sheridan,  with  Ewell's  entire  command,  at  Sail- 
or's Creek,  \'irginia. 

Mr.  Turner,  with  a  number  of  his  comrades 
in  arms,  was  first  confined  in  the  old  Capitol 
prison  at  Washington,  and  then  transferred  to 
Johnson's  Island.  In  this  prison  he  remained 
until  the  surrender  of  Lee,  when  he  with  other 
])risioners  was  released  on  parole  and  returned 
to  St.  Ivouis. 

His  first  venture  was  at  farming,  for  having 
purchased  a  farm  near  St.  Louis,  he  remo\ed 
thereto  and  applied  himself  to  the  science  of 
agriculture  until  1883,  in  which  year  he  returned 
to  .St.  Louis  and  entered  the  real  estate  business, 


being  conxinced  that  that  line  was  a  quicker 
and  easier  road  to  success  than  was  agriculture. 
He  opened  an  office  with  his  brother,  C.  II. 
Turner,  and  the  firm  as  thus  constituted  is  in 
existence  to-day  as  one  of  the  leading  real  estate 
companies  of  the  cit\-.  Mr.  Turner  has  never 
forgotten  his  farming  e.xperience  and  is  a  ])r(>- 
moter  of  racing  and  a  lover  of  fine  horses,  and 
is  therefore  one  of  the  most  active  members  of 
the  Jockey  Club. 

Mr.  Turner  was  married  October  I<»,  1<H(!4,  to 
Miss  Harriet  S.  Brown,  daughter  of  a  ]m)minent 
citizen  of  Nashville,  Tennessee,  with  whom  he 
became  acquainted  while  wearing  the  uniform  ol 
grav  and  fighting  for  the  lost  cause.  The  union 
has  been  a  happy  one  and  has  been  blessed  by 
a  large  family  of  bright  and  promising  children, 
their  names  being  Lizinka  C,  Julia  M.,  .\nu 
Lucas,  Harriet  S.,  Mary  T.,  Rebecca  Iv,  Theo- 
dore H.,  Henry  S.  and  Arthur  C. 

Mr.  Turner  is  a  nuin  uncomuKjuK-  well  en- 
dowed mentally  and  a  possessor  of  a  valuable 
fund  of  what  is  known  as  common  sense,  and 
as  such  qualificationsaremost  imjiortant elements 
of  success  in  anv  vocation,  the  causes  of  his  suc- 
cess are  apparent.  He  is  well  adapted  to  the 
business  he  has  chosen,  being  of  cool  and  pene- 
trating judgment,  conservative  with  penetrating 
conceptions,  and  inclined  to  weigh  carefully 
and  look  at  every  matter  from  every  possible 
point  of  view.  He  is  generous,  liberal,  and 
in  all  respects  a  man  of  great  force  of  character. 

Hr.SE,  William  L.,  is  another  New  Eu- 
glander  who  has  distinguished  himself  in  the 
annals  of  .St.  Louis,  and  who  by  his  business 
abilitv  and  enterprise  has  more  than  justified  the 
confidence  ])laced  in  him  by  his  associates.  .\ 
strictl\- liberal-minded  man,  Mr.  Iluse,  although 
a  Republican  in  jxilitics  and  a  \er\'  earnest 
believer  in  the  ])rinciples  of  his  party,  has 
avoided  au\thing  bordering  u])oii  ])artisanship, 
and  although  the  excellent  record  he  made  as 
nia\or  of  Peru,  Illinois,  several  years  ago  has 
led  to  his  being  asked  repeatedly  to  run  for 
office  in  St.  Louis,  he  has  alwa\-s  declined. 

Mr.  Hnse  was  born  in  Danville,  Vermont,  on 


BIOCR.  \riIICAL  APPF.NDIX. 


:^wl 


Maicli  !',  1 «;'..').  His  father,  Mr.  John  Huse, 
came  of  a  family  the  members  of  which  par- 
tici])ated  in  the  war  of  the  Revohitioii,  and  liis 
.i^randfallier  i>n  liis  mother's  side,  .Mr.  IraColl)y, 
took  ])art  in  tlie  battle  of  Ticonderoga,  under 
Ethan  Allen.  When  William  was  only  .seven 
years  of  a<je  his  ])arents  moved  to  the  village  on 
the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  wliicli  then  had 
abont  five  thousand  inhabitants,  l)nt  which  has 
since  grown  into  the  great  citv  of  Chicago.  He 
was  educated  in  the  jiublic  schools,  and  when 
about  seventeen 
years  of  age  entered 
the  grocer\-  estab- 
lishment lit  H.  (i. 
Jvoomis  as  clerk. 
Three  years  later  his 
()l)\i(ius  ability  and 
iudustry  attracted 
the  attention  of  tlic 
forwarding  and  com- 
mission lirni  111  I .  I ). 
1  larmiin  iS:  C  o  m  - 
])an\  ,  whose  head- 
(|uarters  w  ere  i  n 
Peru,  Illinois.  'I'lien 
a  citN'  of  first  im])or- 
tance. 

This  linn  offered 
him  a  position  ol 
trust  whicli  he  ac- 
ce])leil,  and  his  zeal 
on  behalf  nt  his  eni- 
l)](i\ers  was  soon 
manifest.       Iv\-en  at 

this  earK  age  he  Mas  entrusted  with  a  sliMUU-r 
nuiniug  nn  the  lllimiis  rix'er  and  gi\en  eiuire 
charge  of  the  l)oat.  This  gave  him  facilities 
for  earning  more  than  absolnteh-  re(|uired  for 
his  dail\  wants,  and  in  is.'.s  lu-  had  sa\ed 
entiugh  money  to  ac(|uire  possession  ol  a  steamer 
and  enter  \\\mi\\  the  transportation  business  him- 
si'lf.  \\\  the  lime  he  was  twent\-fi\e  he  owned 
three  steamers  and  was  able  to  .sell  out  his  busi- 
ui'ss  at  a  good  profit. 

In  the  spring  of  the   loUowing  year,   b">iU,  he 
organized  the  firm  of  Huse,  Loomis  v\:  C<«mi)an\ 


\\  II  I  I  \\V   I      Ml  SH 


in  St.  Louis,  and  commenced  business  in  ice 
and  transportation  on  a  larger  scale.  For  nine- 
teen years  the  firm  continued  as  first  organized, 
ami  its  efforts  were  crowned  with  the  most 
marked  success.  In  liSSO  it  was  deemed  advis- 
able, inconsequence  of  the  immense  interests  of 
the  house,  to  incorporate  under  the  laws  of  the 
State,  and  the  firm  1)ecame  merged  into  the 
Huse  i!\:  Loomis  Ice  and  Transportation  Com- 
j^any,  with  Mr.  Huse  as  president.  Tlie  com- 
pau\'s    capital    is    ><.').")(), (idd,    and     its    founder 

owns  a  controlling 
interest.  Tlie  liou.se 
owns  c  11  o  r  m  o  u  s 
storage  houses  a  t 
\'  a  r  i  o  u  s  desirable 
]K)ints  on  the  Mis- 
sissippi and  Illinois 
risers,  whence  ice  is 
brought  down  to  St. 
Louis  and  other 
]ioints  on  the  ri\er 
i  11  the  company's 
own  boats. 

During  the  seven- 
ties Mr.  Huse  re- 
sided in  Pern,  Illi- 
nois and  served  for 
two  vears  as  mayor 
o{  that  city.  His 
interests,  and  those 
of  the  eoinp.uu'  in 
that  town,  are  enor- 
mous, the  a  11  11  n  a  1 
harvest  at  that  jioiiit 
var\  ing  from  sixentx  -five  ihonsand  to  a  hundred 
thousand  tons.  At  Alton  still  more  business  is 
(hme,  and  both  at  Heardstown  and  Louisiana  an 
immense  aniouut  of  ice  is  cut  every  year.  The 
eompiin  iiui)li)\s  more  than  l\\<>  thousand  men 
to  gather  in  this  harxesl  of  ice,  and  the  extent 
of  its  operatiims  is  uiii(|Ue. 

.Ml.  Huse  has  other  interests  of  considerable 
importaiicc.  He  is  president  of  the  Union 
Dairv  Company,  who.se  caiutal  is  $;5()(l,()IK),  and 
whicli  has  (hme  an  immense  amount  of  good 
work  for  .St.  Louis  bv  fnniishing  a  constant  sup- 


202 


OLD  AND  NliW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


ply  of  the  purest  milk  and  dairy  products.  He 
is  also  president  of  the  Cre\e  Coeur  Lake  Ice 
Company,  and  a  director  and  stockholder  in  the 
Crystal  Plate  (Mass  Company,  the  Boatmen's 
Bank,  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Company,  and  the 
Peru  Cit\  Plow  ami  Wheel  Company.  He  is 
also  connected  with  other  St.  Louis  enterprises, 
and  is  a  past  president  of  the  vSt.  Louis  Com- 
mercial Club,  an  exclusive  organization  with 
about  sixty  members,  all  of  them  prominent  and 
influential  men.  He  is  connected  with  the 
church  of  the  Messiah,  and  his  home  life  is  a 
remarkably  happy  one. 

Mr.  Huse  married  in  l'S(!')  a  daughter  of  the 
Reverend  Harvey  Brown,  of  New  York  City. 
Air.  Brown  was  a  prominent  preacher  in  the 
Methodist  denomination,  having  resided  in 
Illinois  while  active  missionary  work  was  being 
done  in  that  State.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Huse 
are  fond  of  traveling  and  have  enjoyed  European 
and  other  tours  of  considerable  extent.  Another 
hobby  of  Mr.  Huse  is  the  raising  of  fine  horses, 
his  stock  farm  in  Peru  being  one  of  the  best  in 
the  State.  His  favorite  and  most  speedy  horse 
was  Tom  Wonder,  whose  record  was  2:26. 

CKA.\r,  (iKORGK  T.,  came  of  that  hardy  New 
England  stock  which  has  furnished  the  pioneers 
in  the  civilization  and  development  of  this 
country,  moulding  its  thoughts  and  shaping  its 
politics.  His  parents  were  Samuel  T.  and 
Sallie  I).  (Jennings)  Cram,  of  Meridith,  New 
Hampshire,  where  he  was  born  September  17, 
1^(34.  He  was  educated  in  his  native  State. 
After  leaving  school  he  spent  ten  years  in  Anios- 
keag  Mills,  at  Manchester,  working  in  every 
branch  and  mastering  every  detail  of  the  busi- 
ness, going,  as  he  himself  expressed  it,  "from 
bottonr  to  top." 

At  the  breaking  (mt  of  the  rebellion  in  IKtU, 
he  entered  the  army  as  second-lientenant  of 
Company  K,  First  New  Hampshire  Cavalry. 
When  the  w-ar  closed  he  came  west,  locating  in 
St.  Louis  in  IXtiti,  and  at  once  became  closelv 
and  prominently  identified  with  the  business 
and  financial  interests  of  this  city.  In  18()8  he 
became  secretary,  and  in  l.STU  president  of  the 


American  Central  Insurance  Com]')any;  treas- 
urer and  one  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Central  Trust  Company,  and  president  of  the 
Third  National  Bank,  all  of  which  positiims  he 
still  holds. 

He  married  Miss  Carrie  Trowbridge,  of  New- 
ton, !\Iassachusetts,  February,  l.S(i!l,  and  has 
two  children — George  A.  and  I^Vauk  B. 

Nelson,  Lewls  C,  was  born  in  Boonville, 
Mi.s.souri,  September  18,  18.')().  His  mother  be- 
fore her  marriage  was  Margaret  J.  Wyan,  and 
his  father  was  a  well-known  and  prominent 
figure  for  many  years  in  central  Missouri,  a  part 
of  the  State  that  has  produced  main-  noble  men. 
He  made  his  mark  as  a  business  man  and  finan- 
cier, and  from  him  the  son  has  inherited  his 
talent  in  that  line.  He  was  a  thorough  belie\'er 
in  the  advantages  of  a  good  education,  and  pro- 
vided with  ample  means  as  he  was,  he  gave  all 
his  children  a  liberal  education,  and  Lewis  C. 
was  not  slow  to  seize  the  opportunities  thus 
offered.  He  acquired  the  foundation  elements 
of  an  excellent  education  in  the  public  and 
other  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  besides 
possesses  the  advantage  of  a  double  collegiate 
education,  for  after  several  years  spent  at  the 
State  University  at  Columbia,  he  entered  Vale 
from  which  he  graduated  in  ISUS,  being  then 
nineteen  years  old. 

When  he  returned  from  college  he  was  given 
a  position  in  the  Central  National  Bank  of 
Boonville,  a  bank  his  father  had  done  much  to 
create,  and  of  which  he  \vas  president.  Start- 
ing in  as  a  clerk  he  at  once  demonstrated  his 
capacity  and  aptitude  for  financial  or  banking 
affairs,  with  the  result  that  in  1872,  just  after 
he  had  turned  his  twenty-first  year,  he  went  to 
the  busy  town  of  F'ort  Scott,  Kansas,  and  or- 
ganized the  First  National  l?ank,  an  institution 
that  is  still  prosperously  alive.  But,  like  all 
voung  men  of  high  aspirations,  he  desired  a 
more  ambitious  field  of  endeavor  than  was  offered 
by  a  country  town;  so  in  1877,  when  he  was  of- 
fered the  cashiership  of  the  Valley  National 
Bank  of  St.  Louis,  he  accepted. 

His  ambition  expanded  as  his  opportunities 


^^~tT-^^^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


208 


increased,  and  after  acting  as  cashier  of  this 
bank  for  two  years  he  resigned  and  organized 
and  established  the  house  of  Nelson  &  Noel, 
bankers  and  brokers.  ^Ir.  Nelson  continued  at 
tiie  head  of  this  business  for  nine  years,  during 
tluU  time  making  it  one  of  the  recognized  solid 
financial  institutions  of  St.  Louis,  ami  building 
it  up  to  a  splendid  condition  of  prosperity,  but 
ill  ISHS  he  was  compelled  to  withdraw  on  ac- 
count of  ill  health.  As  the  one  means  of  rest- 
ing his  strength,  he  was  advised  by  his  jilusi- 
ciaus  to  seek  a  change  of  air  and  scene,  and 
accordingly  for  the  space  of  two  years  after  his 
retirement  he  traveled  constantly,  and  visited 
nearly  e\ery  civilized  country  on  the  globe. 

He  returned  to  .St.  Louis  with  his  health 
greath-  imi)roved;  and  as  a  man  of  his  energy 
and  financial  ability  is  always  in  great  demand, 
in  January,  ISJM),  he  was  elected  to  the  presi- 
dency of  the  St.  Louis  National  Bank,  a  position 
he  yet  retains.  Mr.  Nelson  undoubtedly  holds 
a  place  as  one  of  the  most  able  financiers  in  St. 
Louis.  He  is  a  man  of  careful  business  meth- 
ods, fully  looking  at  all  matters  of  finance  from 
every  point  of  view,  but  when  he  has  once 
reached  a  determination  he  acts  with  decision 
and  courage.  He  has  been  very  successful  as  a 
banker,  and  as  he  is  still  a  young  man,  those 
who  know  him  expect  him  to  accomplish  great 
things  in  the  financial  world.  He  has  not  yet 
reached  the  zenith  of  his  power,  but  has  nuiui- 
fested  in  an  intensified  form  many  of  the  charac- 
teristics that  raised  his  father  to  a  ]>osilion  of 
influence  and  wealth. 

Mr.  Nelson  has  been  married  twice;  in  1S7;'), 
to  Miss  .Mice  Ivstill,  daughter  of  Colonel  J.  R. 
Ivstill,  a  member  of  a  \'erv  prominent  Howard 
countv  familv.  Mrs.  Nelson  dving  in  the  same 
year,  two  years  later  he  contracted  a  nuirriagc 
with  Miss  Louise  Kleanor  Bradford,  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Lavina  Bradford,  of  Saline  county,  .Mis- 
souri. This  last  marriage  has  been  blessed  by 
one  child,  a  son,  now  fifteen  years  old. 

( )i.i\i.:i<,  l''ii<i.iiiNc.  W'.,  was  born  in  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  Se]>tember  I'l,  IS.'iS,  his  grandfather 
beini;   the   third   white  man  l)oru  in  the  State  of 


Ohio.  His  father.  Judge  ^L  \V.  Oliver,  was  an 
able  lawyer  of  Cincinnati,  and  had  man\- honors 
conferred  on  him  by  his  fellow-citizens,  serving 
two  terms  as  judge  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas,  and  a  like  number  of  terms  in  the  State 
Senate.  His  mother,  Anna  (C.ere),  was  a  na- 
ti\e  of  Massachusetts,  a  member  of  a  ]iromiuent 
Puritan  family.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  had 
his  early  education  in  the  public  schools  of  his 
native  city,  and  at  the  age  of  fourteen  attended 
a  preparatory  school  at  Freehold,  New  Jerse)', 
for  two  vears,  when  he  entered  Princeton  Col- 
lege, at  the  age  of  sixteen.  On  graduating  in 
l><7;t  he  returned  to  his  home,  where  after  re- 
maining a  year  he  started  west  to  seek  his 
fortune.  Visiting  St.  Louis,  and  liking  the 
surroundings,  having  confidence  in  its  future, 
he  decided  to  make  it  his  home.  Tlirough  the 
influence  of  his  friends  he  obtained  the  ])osition 
of  cashier  of  the  St.  Louis  Bolt  it  Iron  Com- 
pany. Having  acquired  a  holding  of  the  stock 
of  this  corporation,  he  was,  on  the  retirement  of 
the  old  treasurer,  elected  his  successor,  which 
])osition  he  has  retained  ever  since.  In  addi- 
to  his  connection  with  the  Tudor  Iron  Works, 
the  successors  of  the  St.  Louis  Bolt  iS:  Iron 
Conipanv,  Mr.  Oliver  is  secretary  and  treasurer 
of  the  Valley  Steel  Company,  and  a  director  of 
the  Third  National  P>ank.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  Merchants"  Exchange,  and  the  I'uixcrsity 
and  Noondav  clubs. 

On  ( )ctober  L!,  l^'^^l,  .Mr.  ()li\er  was  married 
to  Miss  .\nne  Williamson,  youngest  daughter 
of  A.  W.  Williamson,  of  his  native  city.  Three 
children  have  blessed  the  union. 

DiKANT,  GK()R<".K  F. — That  the  general  man- 
agership of  a  vast  system  of  leleiihones  and 
wires,  such  as  that  of  the  Bell  Telephone  Coni- 
panv in  vSt.  Louis,  is  a  most  difficult  position  to 
fill  satisfactorily,  nuist  be  known  by  everybody 
who  has  even  a  superficial  kiunvledge  of  the 
difficulties,  yet  (ieorge  F.  Duraul  has  occupied 
this  thankless  ]ilace  f(U-  man\  \ears,  and  has 
discharged  the  duties  ol  the  office  with  admi- 
rable tact  and  ability,  and  the  conij^any's  expan- 
sion   and    growth    since    l^TT,    when    lu-     took 


204 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.   LOUIS. 


charge,  lia\-o  won  Idi"  liiin  llu-  i^fiiuino  appre- 
ciation of  liis  superiors. 

Mr.  Durant  was  born  at  Jersey  City,  in  1.S42, 
and  is  tlie  son  of  Chas.  K.  Durant,  a  man  of 
many  scientific  attainments,  wlio  has  left  to  the 
scientific  world  a  most  interesting  work  on  the 
"Algre  of  New  York  Bay  and  Harbor."  His 
motiicr  was  Miss  Klizabeth  Hamilton  Freeland, 
of  Now  York.  After  he  had  com])leted  his  edu- 
cation, which  he  received  from  the  schools  of 
Jersey  Cit>-,  young  George,  who  early  developed 
electrical  tastes,  was  made  superintendent  of  the 
fire  alarm  and  telegraph  system  of  his  natixe 
cit)',  which  he  successfully  conducted  for  two 
years.  After  this  he  went  to  Lima,  South 
America,  contracting  to  ])ut  in  a  fire  alarm  and 
telegrajjh  system,  and  remaining  two  years. 

Returning,  he  was  made  superintendent  of  the 
.American  District  Telegraph  Company,  of  New 
York,  a  positi(-)n  he  held  until  1^74,  when  he 
came  to  .St.  I^ouis  and  organized  the  American 
District  Telegraph  Company.  When  this  com- 
]ian\-  obtained  control  of  the  Bell  Telejjhone, 
Mr.  Durant  became  general  manager. 

TuHOL.SKK,  Dk.  Hkkmax. — .\  physician, 
whose  reputation  for  skill  and  scientific  attain- 
ment extends  far  beyond  the  confines  of  his  own 
vState,  and  who,  although  yet  in  the  prime  of 
life,  is  a  practitioner  of  the  ripest  experience 
and  a  leader  and  discoverer  in  his  chosen  field, 
is  tlie  subject  of  this  biography,  who  was  born 
in  Prussia,  in  the  city  of  Berlin,  March  27, 
1848.  He  is  the  son  of  Newman  and  Johanna 
(.\rnfeld)  Tnholske,  and  while  a  youth  recei\-ed 
the  l)est  classical  education  the  Berlin  Gvmna- 
sium  could  gi\e.  His  education  completed,  he 
followed  the  example  of  many  of  his  countrv- 
inen  and  canic  to  .Vmerica. 

Coming  to  St.  Louis  he  located  and  shortly 
afterward  entered  the  Missouri  .Medical  College, 
from  which  he  was  graduated  and  gi\en  his 
degree  in  ISdit.  He  was  fully  impre.s.sed  with 
the  advantages  offered  in  medical  instruction  bv 
the  schools  of  the  European  capitals,  and  shortly 
after  his  graduation  from  the  ;\Iissouri  Medical 
College  he  returned  to  Europe,  where  he  received 


the  benefit  of  post-graduate  lectures  at  the  most 
renowned  schools  of  \'icnna,  P>erlin,  London  and 
Paris.  Thus  he  acquired  the  first  requisites  of 
a  successful  physician — a  good  general  and  tech- 
nical education,  and  he  therefore  returned  to  St. 
Ivonis  and  began  a  career  as  a  practitioner  of 
medicine  and  snrgerv  which  has  been  a  most 
active  and  successful  one. 

In  June,  1<S7II,  he  was  aj)pointed  i>h\siciau  of 
the  St.  Louis  City  Dispensary,  and  the  reforms 
and  growth  he  there  instituted  were  most  compli- 
mentary to  his  energetic  administrative  abilitx'. 
When  he  assumed  charge  the  institutitju  treated 
2, .")()()  patients  a  year.  Under  his  administra- 
tion the  dispensary  was  enlarged  and  its  methods 
of  work  changed.  The  ambulance  s\stenr  was 
organized,  an  assistant  day  and  night  physician 
appointed,  and  during  the  five  years,  up  to 
b'^T.'),  when  he  resigned,  the  institution  had 
treated  4<i,<)n()  patients.  During  his  serv'ice  as 
dispensary  jjliysiciau  he  also  had  charge  of  the 
Ouarantine  Hosiiital,  and  during  the  small-pox 
epidemic  of  1.S72,  2,500  small-pox  patients  were 
examined  and  .sent  to  various  hospitals.  During 
the  period  he  was  dispensary  physician  he  was 
also  examining  surgeon  to  the  police  force  and 
jail  physician,  but  resigned  all  these  oflfices  in. 
D^75,  to  devote  his  whole  time  to  private  prac- 
tice, the  volume  of  which,  even  in  that  day, 
had  increased  to  proportions  that  made  him  one 
of  the  busiest  physicians  of  the  city,  hi  1873 
the  Missouri  ]\Iedical  College  elected  him  pro- 
fessor and  demonstrator  of  anatomy,  a  place  he 
held  for  ten  years,  or  until  called  to  the  chair  of 
surgery,  a  place  he  yet  holds. 

In  liS82  he  was  one  of  the  ])rime  movers  in 
the  orgauization  and  erection  of  the  building 
and  hospital  of  the  St.  Louis  Post-Graduate 
.School  of  Medicine,  the  first  structure  of  the 
kind  ever  built  in  this  country.  Doctors  P.  G. 
Robinson,  .Michel,  .Steele,  Hardaway,  Glasgow, 
.Spencer  and  Engelman,  who  with  him  consti- 
tute the  faculty  of  the  college,  were  his  assist- 
ants in  this  euterprise.  He  also  actively  engaged 
in  the  agitation  which  resulted  in  the  State 
Board  of  Health  deuianding  a  higher  educa- 
tional standard   and   three  years'  attendance  at 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


205 


lectures  of  lliose  iuteiuliui^  to  practice  medicine 
or  surgery. 

Dr.  Tuliolske  is  connected  with  a  <jreat  nuni- 
l)er  of  medical  and  surt^ical  societies.  He  is  a 
per])etual  member  oi  the  American  Medical 
.Association,  member  of  the  Southern  Surgical 
and  ('Tyuiecological  Society,  the  St.  Louis  Med- 
ical Societ\',  the  St.  Louis  Medico-Chirurgical 
Society',  the  St.  Louis  Surgical  Societs',  and  is 
an  houorar\'  meml)er  of  the  Southwest  .Missouri 
Stale  Medical  Association.  He  is  consulting 
surgeon  to  the  City  and  Female  hospitals,  and 
the  South  Side  Dispensary,  surgeon  to  the  Post- 
graduate Medical  College  Hospital,  one  of  the 
surgeons  to  the  Martha  Parsons'  Free  Hospital 
for  Children,  surgeon  in  charge  of  the  St.  Louis 
Surgical  and  ('ryn;ccological  Hos])ital,  and  sur- 
geon, with  the  rank  of  major,  to  the  F'irst  Regi- 
ment of  Missouri.  Besides  the  chair  which  he 
holds  in  the  Missouri  Medical  College,  he  is 
also  professor  of  surgerv  in  the  Post-Graduate 
School  of  Medicine. 

In  bSIKl  Dr.  Tuholske  established  an  institu- 
tion which  embodies  every  imjiroved  idea  and 
appliance  in  the  treatment  of  surgical  cases.  It 
is  called  the  St.  Louis  .Surgical  and  Gymeco- 
logical  Hos])ital  and  is  located  in  a  beautiful 
building  at  Locust  and  Jefferson  a\'enue.  The 
institution  is  jjrivate,  belonging  to  Dr.  Tuholske, 
and  no  expense  has  been  spared  in  making  the 
hospital  a  model  of  its  kind,  its  operating  room 
being  visited  and  admired  1)\  many  s\irget)ns 
who  visit  the  cit\'.  There  the  doctor,  aided  by 
his  assistants,  treats  all  cases  of  operative  sur- 
gery personalK';  and  his  skill  as  an  operator  in 
difficult  cases  of  abdominal  surgery  constantly 
adds  to  his  reputation  and  fame.  Only  surgical 
and  gyn;ecological  cases  are  received  at  the 
hos]>itaI.  The  doctor  is  an  author  in  the  field 
of  medicine  and  surgery,  and  his  articles  in  a 
number  of  surgical  journals  and  other  publica- 
tions are  rated  as  valuable  contributions  to  the 
literature  of  medical,  surgical  and  kindred  sci- 
ence. 

Dr.  Tuholske  was  married  in  1^7  1.  Miss 
.Sophie  ICpstein,  ot  ,Si.  Louis,  was  the  la<l\  who 
became  his  helpmate. 


Davi.s,  Joh.x  T.,  who  was  cut  off  in  his  prime 
on  April  Lith  of  this  year,  has  been  well 
described  b\-  an  impartial  writer  as  a  magnificent 
type  of  western  manhood,  and  as  one  who, 
although  in  the  possession  of  great  wealth,  was 
never  known  to  make  use  of  his  money  for  an 
improper  purpose,  and  who  in  all  his  dealings 
was  the  \'ery  soul  of  honor.  One  of  the  first 
wholesale  merchants  of  the  city,  whose  impor- 
tance as  a  wholesale  and  jobbing  center  can 
scared)-  be  overrated,  Mr.  Davis  was  always 
foremost  in  his  efforts  to  maintain  the  good 
name  of  the  city  and  to  secure  for  those  purchas- 
ing their  supplies  here  the  most  absolutely  fair 
treatment.  He  was  one  of  the  mo.st  loyal  men 
in  the  city,  and  when  four  }ears  ago  it  was 
decided  to  make  an  effort  to  secure  the  holding 
of  the  World's  Fair  in  St.  Louis,  he  promptly 
subscribed  for  fift\-  thousand  dollars'  worth  of 
stock  in  the  proposed  St.  Louis  World's  Fair 
Association. 

In  every  other  movement  designed  to  benefit 
.St.  Louis  Mr.  Davis  was  alwa\s  to  the  front, 
l)oth  with  his  check-book  and  with  his  services, 
and  so  well  advised  were  his  actions  that  it  is 
doubtful  whether  his  assistance  was  not  some- 
times of  even  greater  value  than  his  princelv 
donations.  His  love  for  the  Washington  Lni- 
versity  was  always  obxious,  and  his  work  on 
behalf  of  the  St.  Louis  Club,  of  which  he  was 
president  for  eleven  years,  is  too  well  known  to 
need  enlarging  u])on.  The  Securit\-  Building, 
in  many  respects  the  finest  office  building  in  the 
world,  was  erected  largely  owing  to  his  efforts, 
and  his  jiolicN"  of  thoroughness  is  apparent  on 
every  story  and  in  every  room  in  that  building. 

Mr.  Davis  was  a  St.  Louisan  by  birth  as  well 
as  instinct.  He  was  born  in  this  citv  on  Sep- 
tember l.">,  l.'-!44,  being  the  second  son  of  ^Ir. 
.Sanniel  C.  Davis,  the  practical  founder  of  the 
firmof  .S.C.  Da\ist^ Company,  one  of  the  largest 
wlu)lesale  dry  goods  establishments  in  the  West. 
Mr.  .S.  C.  Davis  had  another  son,  named  after 
him,  but  the  death  of  this  gentleman,  early  in 
the  seventies,  left  Mr.  John  T.  Davis  the  head 
ol  the  younger  yiiieration.  Mr.  John  T.  Davis 
was    cilucated    at    the  Washington    rniversit\-. 


■_'im; 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


where  he  grachuiteti  at  llie  aj;e  of  nineteen.  He 
then  entered  his  father's  establishment  and  in 
ISlil'  was  made  a  partner,  the  firm  then  consist- 
ing of  Messrs.  vSamnel  C.  Davis,  .\ndrew  W. 
Spronleand  Jolni  T.  I)a\is.  ( )n  the  death  of  the 
first  named,  Mr.  I)a\is  l)ecame  practicalh-  the 
sole]5roprietorof  tlie  honse,  which  since  the  year 
1S52  has  been  known  as  Samuel  C.  Davis  & 
Companv.  When  Mr.  John  T.  was  admitted  to 
partnership  there  were  o;iocery,  shoe  and  other 
departments,  but  these  were  abandoned  in  1872, 
and  the  entire  energies  of  the  firm  were  devoted 
to  dr\'   goods. 

In  addition  to  his  important  trade  interests 
Mr.  Davis  was  very  largely  interested  in  realty. 
Some  of  his  investments  in  Chicago,  New  York 
and  Boston  have  proved  exceptionally  success- 
ful, though  the  bulk  of  his  interests  were  in  this 
citv.  He  was  first  vice-president  of  the  St. 
Louis  Trust  Company,  vice-president  of  the 
State  Bank,  president  of  the  Security  Building 
Association,  a  director  in  the  'Frisco  road  and 
the  holder  of  an  innnense  interest  in  the  Ten- 
nessee Midland  and  the  Paducah,  Tennessee 
and  Alabama  railroads.  He  was  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Company,  and 
was  one  of  the  largest,  if  not  actually  its  largest, 
stockholders.  His  work  in  connection  with  the 
,Securit\-  Building  erection  has  already  been 
mentioned.  Among  other  works  of  improve- 
ment the  erection  of  the  edifice  on  Broadway 
and  Washington  avenue,  in  187;^,  must  be  spe- 
cially referred  to.  This  building  cost  more  than 
half  a  million  dollars,  and  is  one  of  the  best 
equipped  wholesale  establishments  in  the  coun- 
try. At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  erecting 
a  magnificent  honse  in  Westmoreland  place,  a 
palatial  home  which  would  have  been  ready  for 
his  occupation  this  summer,  had  he  been  spared 
as  long  as  that.  Mr.  Davis  also  owned  prop- 
erty, and  had  conducted  extensive  building 
operations,  on  Sixth  street,  between  Carr  and 
Biddle;  on  Lucas  ])lace;  on  Broadway,  between 
O' Fallon  and  Dickson;  and  on  Grand  avenue, 
Laclede  avenue,  F'orest  Park  boulevard  and 
elsewhere.  Much  of  the  building  work  in 
Washington  Universit\'  is  also  due  to  Mr.  Davis' 


liberality.  He  had  a  habit  of  nuiking  princely 
donations  to  this  institution  in  the  quiet,  unos- 
tentatious manner  which  actuated  all  his  good 
work,  and  on  the  day  succeeding  his  death  the 
directors  of  the  university  met  and  pas.sed  reso- 
lutions of  the  deepest  possible  regret  and  of  the 
warmest  sympathy.  "The  loss  to  the  institu- 
tion has  been  a  most  serious  one,"  said  the 
president,  "  Mr.  Davis  was  a  son  of  the  univer- 
sity. Prepared  in  the  academy  he  entered  the 
collesje  in  l!S5!t,  and  was  graduated  in  the  class 
of  lH(;o.  During  the  thirty  years  which  have 
elapsed  he  has  been  a  consistent  friend  of  the 
institution,  and  a  wise  friend  and  counselor  in 
all  its  work.  He  became  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  December  1;"),  1S71,  a  member 
of  the  Board  of  Control  of  the  Art  School  at  the 
time  it  was  created  a  distinct  department  of  the 
university,  and  has  been  a  most  generous  and 
willing  benefactor  in  the  work  of  both." 

Mr.  Davis  married  on  February  20,  lH(i7, 
Miss  Maria  J.  Filley,  daughter  of  Mr.  Oliver  D. 
I'^illev,  one  of  the  ex-ma\ors  of  St.  Louis.  Mrs. 
Davis  had  three  sons,  who  are  still  li\ing.  John 
T.  Davis,  Jr.,  the  oldest  son,  is  twenty-six  years 
of  age,  and  he  graduated  from  Harvard  five 
years  ago.  He  is  now  a  partner  and  practically 
the  princijial  owner  of  the  establishment  of 
S.  C.  Davis  &  Company.  The  second  son, 
named  after  his  grandfather,  is  twenty-two 
years  of  age.  He  graduated  last  year  and  is 
now  traveling  abroad.  The  youngest  son,  who 
is  fourteen,  is  attending  the  Smith  Academy. 

Mr.  Davis'  death  was  a  great  surprise  to  the 
connnunit>-.  He  was  a  man  apparently  of  the 
most  vigorous  health,  absolutely  free  from  indnl- 
jjence  of  ever\-  kind,  and  would  have  been  looked 
upon  to  within  two  weeks  of  his  death  as  a  man 
likely  to  live  at  least  another  thirty  years. 
About  three  weeks  from  his  final  breakdown  he 
suffered  a  slight  indisposition,  but  it  was  not 
until  three  or  four  days  prior  to  his  death  that 
any  anxiety  was  felt.  The  final  news  was  her- 
alded as  a  local  calamity,  and  several  institu- 
tions with  which  he  was  connected  conxened 
special  meetings  in  order  to  place  on  record  an 
official  statement  of  regret  and  respect. 


BIOCRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


207 


The  St.  Louis  Club  resolutions  were  exxep- 
tionally  pathetic,  and  were  as  follows: 

"  To  the  members  of  the  St.  Louis  Club  the 
loss  of  our  friend  is  es])ecially  tryin<^  and  painful. 
For  many  years  he  was  its  presiding  officer; 
being  elected  vice-president  in  1880,  he  was  the 
following  year  made  president  and  was  sncces- 
sivelv  re-elected  to  the  position  eleven  times, 
thus  having  been  at  the  head  of  the  club  three- 
fourths  of  the  time  of  its  existence.  During 
all  this  time  no  word  of  complaint  was  ever 
made  as  to  his  conduct  in  the  discharge  of  the 
duties  of  the  office;  alwa)s  polite  and  winning 
in  manner,  he  made  friends  of  all,  not  only  in 
our  club,  but  among  our  citizens  of  all  classes. 
Born  to  wealth,  which  he  used  with  wise  dis- 
cretion and  liberality,  he  never  showed  by  his 
manner  to  even  the  humblest  person  anything 
but  the  fullest  appreciation  of  the  common 
brotherhood  of  humanity.  Nothing  affecting 
the  welfare  of  our  club,  of  our  city  or  its  benev- 
olent institutions  came  up  for  notice  without 
receiving  from  him  a  cordial  attention  and  almost 
uniformly  substantial  aid.  Fortunate  in  his  do- 
mestic life  to  an  uncommon  degree,  ha\ing  the 
confidence  and  lo\e  of  his  a.ssociates,  sustaining 
a  moral  character  unstained  and  spotless,  he 
lived  a  life  and  left  a  reputation  that  all  might 
envy  and  desire,  and  an  example  worthy  to  be 
followed.  In  respect  for  his  memory,  it  is  or- 
dered that  the  club  house  be  closed  on  the  day 
of  his  funeral;  that  the  board  of  governors  at- 
tend it;  that  we  extend  our  profound  svnipatln- 
to  his  family  in  their  sad  bereavement,  and  a 
copy  of  these  jiroceedings  be  sent  to  them." 

The  State  Bank  directors  expressed  their 
feelings  with  (.(inal  dilicacy. 

Rousi:,  }'",ii\\  AUi)  .S.,  presideul  of  iIr-  .St. 
Louis  Counuercial  Club,  is  one  of  the  leading 
financiers  of  the  cit\-,  and  ca])ilal  furnished 
by  and  through  him  has  led  to  tlie  erection  of 
several  of  the  finest  office  and  manufacturing 
buildings  to  be  touud  in  anv  ])arl  ot  it.  As  the 
resident  financial  and  real  estate  agent  of  iJu- 
Connecticut  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Conipauv , 
jNIr.  Rowse  several  years  ago  commenced  to  in- 


augurate the  plan  of  advancing  large  sums  of 
money  on  Missouri  and  St.  Louis  property  by 
eastern  corporations.  The  example  which  he 
and  his  jjrincipals  set  has  since  been  very  gener- 
ally copied,  but  the  fact  remains  that  it  was  not 
until  Mr.  Rowse  became  interested  in  the 
matter  that  loans  on  a  wholesale  scale  were 
placed  in  this  section  of  the  country  Ijy  eastern 
insurance  and  other  corporations. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  has  jjersonally 
negotiated  loans  to  the  extent  of  twent\  millit)n 
dollars,  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  in- this  con- 
nection that  not  a  single  foreclosure  has  been 
necessary,  and  that  every  loan  has  proved  to  be 
a  thoroughly  "good"  one.  As  a  real  estate 
agent  Mr.  Rowse  has  been  entrusted  with  some 
of  the  most  important  deals  ever  recorded  in 
this  city,  and  the  respect  entertained  for  him  by 
his  clients  and  those  with  wIkiui  they  ha\e  done 
business,  is  a  better  index  to  his  character  and 
worth  than  any  other  that  can  be  thought  of. 

Mr.  Rowse  is  of  Puritan  descent,  the  an- 
cestors of  his  mother,  who  was  formerly  Miss 
Fdizabeth  T.  Dorr,  having  settled  in  Mas.sachu- 
setts  two  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago.  He  was 
born  in  New  VorkCit\',  on  Januar\' li,  l>>;ii>,hul 
when  he  was  but  only  three  years  of  age  his 
father,  Mr.  Richard  Rowse,  died;  and  ]\Irs. 
Rowse  with  her  infant  son  moved  to  Watertown, 
a  suburb  of  Boston.  It  was  in  this  place  that 
F'dward's  earh'  education  was  obtained,  although 
almost  from  infancy  he  had  to  work  on  a  farm 
during  the  sunnner,  and  oulv  attended  school  in 
the  winter  months.  When  about  sixteen  years 
of  age  he  was  apprenticed  to  a  carpenter,  but  at 
the  age  of  twenty  he  decided  that  there  was  not 
sufficient  scope  in  the  work,  and  he  accordingh- 
entered  upt)n  mercantile  life,  obtaining  a  posi- 
tion as  book-keei)er  in  a  wholesale  boot  and 
shoe   hciuse   at    lioston. 

Being  naturally  i)f  an  economical  disposition 
he  saved  a  large  portion  of  his  small  earnings,  and 
in  1S.')S  he  took  ad\antage  of  an  opportunity  to 
go  into  business  and  in\'ested  his  savings  to 
good  advantage.  During  the  wai  Mi.  Rowse 
turned  his  eyes  westward,  and  in  iMi:.'  he  ob- 
tained a  position  in  the  Paymaster's  Department 


iOS 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   IaUUS. 


of  the  P'ederal  Cjoverimieiit  in  this  city.  In 
April  of  the  following  year  he  connected  himself 
with  General  John  S.  Cavender,  and  the  real 
estate  and  brokerage  business  of  Cavender  & 
Rowse  was  formed.  The  young  partner  gave 
his  whole  attention  and  energy  to  the  business, 
and  although  the  partnership  was  established  at 
a  time  when  the  war  made  investments  uuiuvit- 
ing,  considerable  business  was  done  and  the 
firm  established  an  excellent  connection.  Mr. 
Rowse,  some  years  later,  became  the  financial 
correspondent  of  the  Connecticut  Mutual  and 
for  the  last  ten  years  he  has  had  entire  charge 
of  the  financial  affairs  in  Missouri  of  that  im- 
portant institution. 

In  188(j  General  Cavender  died,  and  Mr. 
Rowse  continued  in  business  in  his  own  name. 
He  has  continued  to  increase  his  connections  as 
well  as  the  extent  and  importance  of  his  trans- 
actions, and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  safest  real 
estate  advisers  and  managers  in  the  West. 

He  is  a  director  of  the  vSt.  Louis  Trust  Com- 
pany and  of  several  other  corporations,  besides 
being  one  of  the  managers  of  the  Washington 
University.  In  politics  he  is  a  Republican, 
and  a  reformer.  He  served  for  eight  years  on 
the  St.  Louis  cit\-  Council  at  a  most  important 
period  in  the  city's  history.  As  chairman  of 
the  committee  on  public  improvements  Mr. 
Rowse  heartily  co-operated  with  the  Commercial 
Club  and  the  Street  Commissioner  in  their 
determination  to  obtain  first-class  streets  for  St. 
Louis;  and  he  is  one  of  the  three  men  to  whom 
St.  Louis  is  really  indebted  in  the  main  for  her 
splendid  granite  pavements. 

Mr.  Rowse  is  not  now  actively  engaged  in  pol- 
itics, believing  it  to  be  the  duty  of  the  rising  gen- 
eration to  bear  the  burden  and  heat  of  the  day  in 
this  respect;  but  he  is  still  influential  with  his 
party,  and  his  advice  is  frequently  sought.  He 
is  connected  with  the  Unitarian  Church,  of 
which  Rev.  J.  C.  Learned  was  pastor  for  se\eral 
years,  and  in  private  life  he  is  noted  for  his 
kind-heartedness  and  charity.  Forty  years  ago 
he  married  ^liss  Ann  Kliza  Rogers.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Rowse  have  one  son,  Edward  C,  who  is 
now  associated   with  his  father  in  business  and 


an  active    helper  in   the  important  enterprises 
under  his  control. 

Kknna,  Edward  Dcdlkv,  son  of  M.  E.  and 
Ellen  (Pilcher)  Kenna,  was  born  at  Jackson- 
ville, Illinois,  November  19,  l!S()l.  His  parents 
moved  to  Springfield,  Missouri,  in  l-STO,  where 
he  was  educated  at  the  public  schools,  read  law 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Ma\-,  l^SO,  when 
onh'  a  little  more  than  eighteen  years  okl. 

He  at  once  began  the  practice  of  law  in 
Springfield,  and  in  May,  1<SS1,  was  appointed 
assistant  attorne\-  for  the  St.  Louis  &;  San  Fran- 
cisco Railway  Compau}',  with  headquarters  in 
vSt.  Louis,  where  he  has  since  resided,  holding 
that  position  until  October,  LSSII,  when  he  was 
appointed  general  attorney  of  the  company  and 
given  entire  control  of  its  legal  business.  Since 
that  time  he  has  occupied  a  commanding  posi- 
tion at  the  bar,  appearing  in  all  of  the  im]5ortant 
litigation  to  which  his  position  called  him,  and 
being  pitted  against  some  of  the  greatest  lawyers 
in  the  country.  No  man  of  his  years  has  been 
engaged  in  so  inau)-  noted  cases,  where  the 
interests  invoh'ed  were  of  such  magnitude,  and 
the  fact  tliat  all  of  them  have  been  brought  to  a 
successful  issue  bears  remarkable  testimony  to 
his  untiring  energy  and  rare  skill  and  learn- 
ing. 

As  a  s])eaker,  his  presence  and  address  are 
pleasing;  he  discards  form  and  clings  to  sulj- 
stauce;  he  despises  trifles  and  thinks  only  of  the 
salient  points  of  his  case,  and  his  utterances 
spring  as  the  result  of  earnest  thought  and 
thorough  preparation  leading  the  hearer  on  step 
by  step  till  the  chain  of  argument  is  done  and 
conviction  attests  its  strength  and  power. 

He  is  a  Democrat,  and  while  not  an  acti\'e 
politician,  is  a  power  in  his  party  b}-  reason  of 
his  eminent  capacity  for  leadership.  He  has 
always  contented  himself  within  the  ranks,  pre- 
ferring professional  success  to  public  place.  In 
the  midst  of  his  many  professional  duties  he 
uuikes  time  to  continue  his  general  reading, 
both  literary  and  jiolitical,  thus  broadening  and 
strengthening  his  mental  grasp  and  rounding 
and  perfecting  his  mental  training. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


209 


Bkll,   Nicholas    Montgomkrv,   is    the  sou  Stateof  Oregon,  to  the  National  Democratic  Con- 

of  William  A.  and  Caroline  P.  Bell,  the  latter  vention  in  l-Sii.S,  and  cast  his  vote  for  Seymour 

iicc  Harvey,  and  was  born  in  Lincoln  county,  and  Blair.     After  the  convention  he  returned  to 

Missouri,    in     1SS4().        Mr.    Bell's    grandfather  St.    Ivouis,  and   in   the   year   18()i)  entered  into 

served  with  distinction  in  the  war  of  bSl  2,  under  partnership  with  James   ]\IcCreer\-  in   the  com- 

General     Harrison,    emerging    therefrom    as    a  mission  business,  the  firm  being  known  as  Bell 

major,    and    was    a    member    of    the    General  &  ^IcCreery.     In   1870,   before  the  Democracy 

Assembly  of  Missouri  in   LS2(;-2!S.      Mr.  Bell's  had  regained  ascendency  in  the  State,   he  was 

father  was  born  in  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky,  elected  to  the  Twenty-sixth  General  Assembly 

and  his  mother  was  from  one  of  the  old  Virginia  from  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  having  defeated  Hon. 

families.      Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bell  had  moved  to  Mis-  Stilsou  Hutchins,  then  editor  of  the  Tiiucs^  for 


■^fe 


r^'t^ll^- 


'^ti 


the  nomination,  and 
receiving  at  the  polls 
several  h  u  n  d  re  d 
more  votes  than  his 
o  p  p  o  n  e  n  t,  Hon. 
Joseph  Pulitzer. 

•Mr.  Bell's  legisla- 
tive work  at  Jeffer- 
son Cit\'  was  of 
such  a  prominent 
and  popular  charac- 
ter that  in  1872  he 
was  re-elected  by  a 
large,  increased  ma- 
jorit}-,  serving  in  all 
four  years  and  bring- 
ing to  bear  upon 
State  legislation  a 
vast  deal  of  sound 
common  sense  and 
practical  business 
acumen.  During 
his  service    he    was 

quired  a  sound  busi-  chairman     of    the 

ness  training,  he  went  west  and  settled  in  committee  on  federal  relations  and  a  member  of 
Boise  Cit\-,  Idaho,  where  he  engaged  in  the  the  committee  on  internal  improvements,  two  of 
mercantile  and  mining  business.  In  lN(i."i  he  the  most  imjiortant  committees  ol  the  House. 
went  still  further  west  and  joined  his  uncle,  Mr. 
John  C.  Bell,  then  a  merchant  at  vSalem,  Oregon. 
Tile  firm  was  known  as  J.  C.  X:  N.  M.  Bell,  and 


souri  with  their 
parents  in  early 
childhood,  locating 
in  Lincoln  and  Pike 
counties.  Prior  to 
the  birth  of  Nicholas, 
and  for  many  years 
afterwards,  his 
father  was  engaged 
in  farming  and  in 
mercantile  pursuits. 
When  fourteen 
years  of  age  young- 
Mr.  Bell  came  to  St. 
Louis  and  secured  a 
position  with  ;\Iessrs. 
Barr,  Duncan  & 
Compau)-,  as  assist- 
ant book-keeper 
and  collector.  He 
remained  with  this 
firm  four  years,  and 
in    bS(i  1 ,  having  ac- 


NICHOLAS  MONTQOMERY  BELL. 


In  1.S7I)  Mr.  Bell  was  the  iu)mince  of  the  Demo- 
cratic party  of  St.  Louis  for  the  office  of  county 


for  three  years  the  iiartnershi])  continued  to  the 
mutual  satisfaction  of  both  jxirties. 


auditor.  When  the  National  Democratic  Con- 
\enlion  met  in  St.  IaiuIs  in  187(!,  it  honored 
Mr.  Bell  with   its  secretarvship,  and  one  of  his 


Mr.    Nicholas   ;\I.  Bell   even  at  that  early  age  hapitiest    diUies    in    that     connection    was     his 

was    a    careful    student   of    politics    and   a   tirni  aunonncenient  of  the  nomination  of  Tilden  and 

believer  in  the  soundness  of  Democratic  princi-  Hendricks.        This    was    his    entrance     upon 

pies.     He    was    elected    a    delegate,    from     the  national   iiolitics,  wherein  he  was  thereafter  to 

14 


210 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


figure  with  conspicuous  ahilit\'.  Four  years 
later  he  was  again  made  secretary  of  the  Dem- 
ocratic National  Convention,  which  met  in  Cin- 
cinnati and  nominated  Hancock  and  English. 

iMr.  Bell's  peculiar  ajititudc  for  controlling 
large  bodies  of  men,  together  with  his  remark- 
able elocutionary  powers,  attracted  universal 
attention,  and  in  1884,  for  the  third  time,  he 
was  made  secretary  of  the  National  Democratic 
Convention,  the  one  which  nominated  the  win- 
ning ticket  of  Cleveland  and  Hendricks,  at 
Chicago,  and  was  secretary  of  the  committee 
appointed  to  notify  the  candidates  of  their  nom- 
ination. Eight  years  later  he  acted  in  a  similar 
capacity,  with  equal  success. 

After  the  inauguration  of  President  Cleveland 
in  188;"),  Mr.  Bell  was  appointed  superintendent 
of  foreign  mails, ^a  position  he  filled  for  four 
years  and  one  month  in  an  exceediugh'  satis- 
factory manner,  winning  not  onl)-  the  approval 
of  the  administration,  but  also  of  hundreds  of 
leading  Republicans,  who  recognized  his  ability 
and  zeal.  Part  of  his  work  was  the  negotiation 
of  postal  treaties  with  foreign  countries,  a  branch 
of  governmental  work  in  which  he  especialh' 
excelled,  and  he  also  had  charge  of  all  the  cor- 
respondence of  the  postal  department  with  for- 
eign countries,  the  sea  transportation  of  mails 
destined  to  foreign  countries,  and  the  auditing 
and  adjustment  of  accounts  in  payment  therefor. 

Perhaps  the  most  conspicuous  of  ^Ir.  Bell's 
oflficial  achievements  was  the  negotiation  of  the 
first  parcel  post  treaties  between  the  United 
States  and  any  foreign  country.  He  brought 
this  to  a  successful  termination,  and  the  benefits 
to  international  commerce  cannot  be  estimated 
in  the  brief  space  here  allotted.  Mr.  Bell 
further  negotiated  the  extremely  useful  postal 
conventions  between  the  United  States,  Canada 
and  Mexico,  which  resulted  practically  in  mak- 
ing the  entire  North  American  continent  one 
postal  territory.  So  careful  was  his  attention 
to  details  that  the  treaty  provisions  admit  of  the 
interchange  of  mail  between  the  two  continents 
and  the  colony  with  the  same  rates  of  postage 
and  with  similar  conditions  as  between  two 
states  or  two  post-offices  of  this  country.     The 


negotiation  of  the  parcel  po.st  treaties  has 
resulted  in  the  abolition  of  the  old  consular 
and  invoice  certificates  which  caused  so  much 
annoyance  and  expense  in  the  exchange  of  par- 
cel merchandise  between  the  two  countries, 
while  the  treaties  negotiated  In  him  increased 
the  commerce  of  the  United  .States  nearly 
$2, ()(»(), ()()()  the  first  year. 

It  is  worthy  of  mention,  also,  that  .Mr.  Bell 
inaugurated  a  system  of  reports  of  the  transit  t)f 
mails  destined  to  foreign  countries,  providing 
for  a  statement  of  the  actual  time  between  post- 
office  of  origin  and  the  post-office  of  destination, 
and  awarding  the  contracts  for  convevin<r  the 
mails  to  the  steamer  showing  the  greatest  speed 
and  quickest  delivery,  without  regard  to  its 
registry  or  flag.  The  competition  between  ves- 
sels became  so  great  under  this  impetus  that 
contracts  were  often  awarded  to  the  steamer 
showing  only  one  minute  faster  time  between 
New  York  and  London.  This  movement  expe- 
diated  the  foreign  mail  delivery  from  one  to  two 
business  days,  and  was  applauded  by  the  mer- 
chants and  exporters  of  this  countr\-  to  such  an 
extent  that  they  petitioned  the  postmaster- 
general  to  use  his  good  offices  to  induce  foreign 
countries  to  inaugurate  a  similar  system,  while 
it  came  to  be  so  popular  in  Great  Britain  that 
the  London  Times ^  in  a  two-column  editorial, 
urged  Parliament  to  adopt  Mr.  Bell's  plan. 

After  the  inauguration  of  President  Harrison, 
Mr.  Bell  resigned  his  position  as  superintendent 
of  foreign  mails,  returned  to  St.  Louis  and 
devoted  his  attention  to  the  tobacco  commission 
and  .storage  business  of  the  Peper  Tobacco 
Warehouse  Company,  at  the  corner  of  Twelfth 
and  Market  streets.  The  Legislature  having 
created  the  position  of  Excise  Commissioner  for 
St.  Louis,  Mr.  Bell  was  appointed  to  the  position. 

In  1888  Mr.  Bell  was  married  to  Miss  Maggie 
Peper,  daughter  of  Captain  Christian  Peper,  of 
this  city,  and  the  result  of  this  happy  union  is  a 
son,  Christian  Peper  Bell. 

Bu.SCH,  ADoi.rnr.s,  the  largest  brewer  in 
America,  and  with  one  exception  in  the  world, 
was  born  near  Mainz  ou  the  Rhine,  some  fifty 


BfOGR  4  PlilC  A  L  A  PRE  VDfX:. 


211 


years  a<>^o.  His  father  was  a  proininent  citizen 
eiiga<jecl  in  extensive  operations  in  ship  timber, 
sending  large  rafts  of  timber,  cliiefiy  suitable 
for  masts  and  spars,  down  the  Rhine  to  the 
Netherlands  for  export.  In  addition  to  this  Mr. 
Busch,  senior,  was  a  wealthy  land  owner,  own- 
ing extensive  vineyards  in  the  vicinity  of  his 
home  and  near  the  village  from  which  the  re- 
nowned hop  \ines  are  named. 

The  foundation  for  the  scholastic  and  com- 
mercial training  which  have  enabled  St.  Louis' 
great  merchant  prince  to  outdistance  all  com- 
petitors in  the  race,  was  laid  in  schools  near  his 
home,  but  he  also  had  the  advantage  of  a  full 
course  of  study  in  one  of  the  best  known  col- 
leges in  Belgium,  where  among  other  accom- 
plishments he  acquired  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  the  French  language.  After  leaving  college 
he  was  connected  with  the  lumber  industry  for 
about  a  \'ear,  and  then  went  to  the  city  of  Co- 
logne,where  he  connected  himself  with  a  prom- 
inent mercantile  house  and  not  only  obtained  an 
admirable  insight  into  business  matters,  but  also 
rose  to  a  leading  position  in  the  house,  although 
he  was  still  little  more  than  a  boy. 

Just  before  the  outbreak  of  the  war  young 
.Mr.  Busch  came  to  America  and  located  at  St. 
Louis,  where  some  relatives  of  his  were  living. 
For  three  years  he  was  engaged  in  a  wholesale 
commission  house  and  also  served  for  fourteen 
mouths  in  the  ruinu  arm\-,  willi  General 
McNeil,  in  Northern  Missouri.  On  attaining  his 
majoritv  he  received  a  substantial  sum  from  his 
faliier's  estate  and  commenced  l)usiness  icix  him- 
self as  a  brewer's  suj-yply  agent.  For  four  or 
five  years  he  conducted  this  business  with  great 
profit  to  himself,  but  in  1<S(><>  he  relinquished  it 
and  went  into  parluershi])  with  his  talher-iu-law 
Mr.  Kljcrhard  .\uheuser,  who  was  at  that  time 
proprietor  of  the  old  Ba\arian  Brewery. 

This  was  cpiite  a  local  establishment  witli 
very  little  outside  trade,  but  the  new  partner  at 
once  introduced  into  it  new  life  and  vigor; 
agencies  were  established  in  the  West  and 
Soulli,  and  the  output  was  largeh'  increased. 
So  rai>i(l  was  the  progress  that  the  proprietors 
decided  to  incorporate   under  the  laws  of  Mis- 


souri, and  the  Anheuser-Busch  Brewing  Associ- 
ation thus  came  into  existence  in  1875.  To 
thoroughly  appreciate  the  work  that  has  been 
accomplished  l)y  Mr.  Busch  in  reorganizing  and 
extending  the  business  with  which  he  is  con- 
nected, it  must  be  remembered  that  the  record 
of  the  Bavarian  Brewery  was  six  thousand 
barrels  per  annum.  As  compared  with  this  the 
present  output  seems  amazing,  the  total  malt- 
ing capacity-  exceeding  two  million  Ijushels  per 
annum,  and  the  shipping  capacity  one  hundred 
million  bottles  and  one  million  barrels.  The 
daily  output  is  almo.st  identical  with  the  annual 
output  at  the  time  Mr.  Busch  became  connected 
with  the  work,  so  that  the  increase  has  been 
more  than  three  hundred-fold. 

Reference  has  been  made  in  another  portion 
of  this  book  to  the  colossal  business  of  this 
establishment,  which  has  now  more  than  five 
hundred  resident  agents  and  fully  four  thousand 
emjDloyes.  No  corn  or  corn  preparations  are 
used  on  the  premises,  and  it  was  Mr.  Busch  who 
was  the  first  to  manufacture  bottled  beer  for 
export  by  the  Pasteurizing  process.  Every 
variety  of  ale  is  produced,  the  most  popular 
brands  being  the  Anheuser-Busch  Standard,  the 
Original  Bndweiser,  the  Pale  Lager,  the  Pilsener 
or  Exquisite,  the  old  Burgundy  and  the  Faust 
beer. 

To  Mr.  Busch  is  due  the  credit  for  having 
made  it  possible  to  supply  the  South  and  West 
with  a  high  grade  of  beer.  He  was  the  first  to 
erect  refrigerators  throughout  the  Southern  and 
Western  States,  and  also  to  make  practical  use 
of  refrigerator  cars  for  transporting  beer.  He 
organized  the  St.  Louis  Refrigerator  Car  Com- 
pany, of  which  he  is  still  president.  He  also 
made  it  his  l)usiness  to  insist  upon  justice  from 
the  railroad  companies.  P'ormerly  beer  was 
carried  as  first-class  freight,  at  rates  as  high  as 
those  charged  for  works  of  art  or  looking- 
glasse,  but  Mr.  Busch  demanded  that  an  equi- 
table classification  should  be  made,  and  finally 
succeeded,  thus  making  it  possible  to  export 
beer  to  distant  iioiuls  at  a  profit.  In  isso  yix. 
Busch  became  president  and  manager  of  the 
Auheuscr-Busch   Brewing  Association,  and  al- 


212 


OI.D  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


though  he  is  now  one  of  the  wealthiest  men  in 
the  West,  he  jjives  his  attention  to  the  details 
of  the  colossal  nnclertakin<:;,  and  prides  himself 
on  the  fact  that  the  city  of  Iniildings  which  go 
to  make  np  the  brewer\-  are  not  only  suitable 
for  their  purpose  in  every  way,  but  are  also  ex- 
ceedingh'  elegant  from  an  architectural  point  of 
view,  and  one  of  the  great  attractions  to  \-isitors 
to  the  city. 

Mr.  Busch  is  1)\'  no  means  a  selfish  man,  but 
has  always  been  willing  to  contribute  both 
money  and  energy  towards  public  movements  of 
importance.  He  was  one  of  the  most  persistent 
workers  in  behalf  of  the  building  of  a  St.  Louis 
bridge  and  subsequently  of  the  St.  Louis  Bridge 
and  Terminal  enterprise.  He  also  founded  the 
South  Side  Bank,  of  which  he  is  still  president; 
wdiile  among  other  enterprises  with  which  he  is 
connected  may  be  mentioned  the  Streator  Bottle 
and  Glass  Company,  of  Illinois;  the  Adolphus 
Busch  Glass  Company,  of  Belleville  and  St. 
Louis,  and  the  Manufacturers'  Railway  Com- 
pany, of  St.  Louis,  the  last  named  corporation 
owning  the  railroad  which  connects  the  brewery 
with  the  Iron  Mountain  and  Belt  Railways.  He 
has  also  a  large  amount  of  capital  invested  in 
the  Asphalt  mines  of  LUah  and  other  mining 
interests. 

He  has  dispensed  many  thousands  of  dollars 
in  charities,  and  treats  every  employe  who  is 
attentive  to  his  duties  as  an  ally  rather  than  a 
servant.  Commercial  success  has  not  interfered 
with  the  cultivation  of  a  love  of  art  and  of  high- 
class  sport.  Mr.  Busch  has  a  collection  of  artistic 
treasures  of  great  value,  and  he  also  owns  one  of 
the  best  stables  in  the  country,  with  several  su- 
perb horses  with  established  records.  He  has 
also  derived  much  pleasure  from  traveling,  has 
visited  nearly  every  quarter  of  the  globe,  and  is 
a  brilliant  conversationalist  not  only  in  English 
but  also  in  German  and  French. 

Kehlor,  J.A.MES  B.  M. — St.  Louis  is  already 
important  as  a  grain  market,  and  its  importance 
in  this  respect  is  found  to  increase,  as  farmers 
are  realizing  more  each  year  the  profit  in  wheat 
raising.      As   a   wheat    producing    country    the 


territor\'  around  vSt.  Louis  is  onh'  second  to  the 
wheat-belt  of  the  great  Northwest.  As  a  flour 
mauufact\iring  center  the  city  has  already  at- 
tained an  eminence  above  the  standard  of  the 
cit\-  as  a  wheat  market,  and  her  present  position 
in  that  respect  is  mostl\'  due  to  the  brains, 
energy  and  caj^ital  of  about  a  half  dozen  men, 
and  none  among  them  has  taken  a  more  con- 
s])icuous  part  in  the  development  of  the  flouring 
iuduslr)-  than  .Mr.  J.  B.  M.  Kehku',  who  has 
been  connected  with  the  local  milling  industry 
about  thirty  years. 

Air.  Kehlor  hails  vScotland  as  his  native  land, 
and  there,  in  the  manufacturing  city  of  Paisley, 
he  was  born  June  (i,  1^4:^.  His  mother's 
maiden  name  was  Elizabeth  Ijrodice,  and  his 
father,  Duncan  M.  Kehlor,  was  a  prominent 
citizen  of  Paisley,  engaged  in  the  manufacture 
of  shawls,  for  which  the  cit\'  is  so  celebrated. 
His  rudimeutarv  education  was  obtained  in  the 
excellent  schools  of  his  natix'e  land  and  finished 
at  an  English  college.  Being  a  lad  of  excep- 
tionally strong  mental  endowments,  he  at  the 
age  of  fifteen  had  made  most  uncommon  adx'anc- 
ment  in  his  studies,  so  nnich  so  that  at  this  time 
his  education  was  considered  completed  and  he 
left  school  to  become  an  assistant  in  his  father's 
factor}-. 

Although  his  father  stood  ready  to  do  any- 
thing for  him  and  gi\"e  him  the  best  of  business 
opportunities,  he  was  much  too  ambitious  to  re- 
main at  home  as  long  as  the  bright  sttu'ies  of  the 
wonderful  land  across  the  sea  were  uninvesti- 
gated, and  with  the  self-reliance  and  independ- 
ence that  are  characteristic  of  all  men  who  are 
born  to  succeed,  he  was  moved  with  a  strong 
desire  to  branch  out  in  life  for  himself.  Hav- 
ing settled  upon  America  as  the  future  scene  of 
his  efforts,  he  arrived  in  New  York  in  lM.')it. 

Having  relatives  in  the  metropolis,  he  made 
that  city  his  temporary  home  until  l<S(;i,  in 
which  year  he  went  to  Milwaukee,  which  then 
gave  promise  of  its  present  importance,  and 
where  one  of  his  brothers  was  already  located 
and  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  paper.  He 
became  interested  in  this  enterprise  with  his 
brother,  an  arrangement  that  e.'>:isted  for  a  year. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


213 


or  until  Mr.  J.  B.  AI.  Keillor  saw  a  chance  to 
become  a  mill  owner  on  his  own  acconnt.  In 
lMi'2,  therefore,  he  took  cliarge  of  a  flonrinja; 
mill  at  W'aterford,  Wisconsin,  a  small  town 
abont  twent\'-five  miles  from  Milwankee.  Al- 
thono;h  the  mill  was  a  small  one,  onh-  havino^  a 
capacit\-  of  aljont  eight  barrels  a  day,  he  made 
money  dnring  the  short  time  he  ran  it.  How- 
ever, Waterford  did  not  offer  opportnnities  that 
satisfied  his  ambition  and  he  determined  to 
again  make  a  change,  this  time  opening  a  com- 
mission business  in 
Chicago. 

In  I.S(i4  he  reached 
the  c(Miclusion  that 
vSt.  Lonis  offered  bet- 
ter inducements  as  a 
field  of  operations 
than  Chicago,  and 
Ik-  therefore  closed 
out  his  commission 
business  and  came 
to  this  city,  where 
he  established  him- 
self in  the  same  line. 
Several  shrewd  and 
bold  operations  of  a 
commercial  nature 
attracted  attention 
to  him  soon  after 
ojiening  his  busi- 
ness, with  the  result 
that  Mr.  George  Up- 
dike was  one  of  the 
men  who  thus  per- 
ceived and  ])ro])crl\-  rated  .Mr.  Keillor's  ])usiness 
abilil\-.  The  acc[uaiutauce  thus  begun  led 
e\-entuall\-  to  a  proposition  from  Wx.  I'jidike, 
having  ftu'  its  ]nirpose  the  establishment  of  a 
house  in  \ew  ( )rleans.  This  was  done,  .Messrs. 
Keillor  (S:  I'pdike  entering  into  a  ])artnershi]) 
for  this  purpose,  under  the  firm  name  of  Keillor, 
Updike  &  ComiKiny,  the  New  Orleans  house 
lieing  considered  a  branch  of  the  Si.  Louis 
establishment. 

The  former  house  did  a  phenomenal  business 
from  the  beginning,  handling  more  and   larger 


consignments  than  any  of  its  competitors, 
receiving  at  one  time  consignments  from  everv 
mill  in  St.  Louis.  Its  success  was  entirely  due 
to  Mr.  Keillor,  who  had  personal  charge,  his 
partners  having  absolute  confidence  in  his 
integrity  and  good  judgment.  Notwithstanding 
its  prosperity,  the  firm  in  18(59  concluded  that 
it  saw  a  better  use  for  its  capital  in  St.  Louis, 
and  the  affairs  of  the  New  Orleans  house  were 
accordingly  wound  up,  and  the  money  invested 
in  the  Laclede  Flouring  Mill,  then  located  at  the 

corner  of  Sonlard 
and  Decatur  .streets. 
One  reason  of  this 
return  to  vSt.  Louis 
was  the  ill  health  of 
Mr.  Keillor's  familv. 
In  1S71  the  firm 
entered  yet  further 
into  the  milling 
business  ])y  the  pur- 
chase of  the  Pacific 
MillsonThirdstreet, 
which  had  a  capaci- 
ty of  eleven  hundred 
barrels  per  day. 

In  1.S73  Mr.  Keh- 
lor  bought  out  the 
interest  of  his  part- 
ners and  ran  t  h  c 
business,  which  had 
alread}-  b  e  g  u  u  t  o 
assume  vast  ino]H)r- 
tions  for  awhile 
alone.  He  then  ad- 
mitted an  elder  brother  to  jiartnership,  but  in  a 
few  mouths  re])urcliased  his  interest.  It  is  an 
interesting  fact  that  since  coming  to  St.  Louis, 
Mr.  Keillor  has  paid  out  in  securing  entire  con- 
trol ot  his  business  over  a  quarter  of  a  million 
of  dollars.  vSince  coming  to  St.  Louis  it  seems 
to  have  been  his  general  rule  ti)  extend  and 
increase  his  milling  interest  about  every  two 
years.  Tliis  was  done  in  INSi'  h\-  iIk-  erection 
of  the  Keillor  Mills  in  this  city,  with  a  capacity 
of  1, '>()(!  barrels  daily.  In  ISDl  this  was 
increaseil    to    2,700    barrels.      In    l-^^''^!    he  pur- 


J.   |{.   ^\.  KKHI.OR. 


214 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


chased  the  Litchfield  Mill,  with  adaih-  capacity 
of  2,200  barrels. 

Besides  being  the  largest  flouring  mill  owner 
in  the  West,  a  position  he  has  attained  solely  b\- 
energy  and  business  ability,  he  is  president  of 
the  Citizens'  Fire  Insurance  Compau}-,  of  St. 
Louis,  a  director  of  the  St.  Louis  National 
Bank,  a  director  of  the  LTnited  Elevator  Coni- 
pan\-,  and  for  twenty-seven  years  has  been  an 
influential  member  of  the  Merchants'  Exchange. 
He  is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  most  active  and 
able  business  men  of  St.  Louis,  as  his  eminent 
success  testifies.  He  is  a  man  of  extraordinar\" 
force  of  character  and  has  inherited  much  of  the 
firm  integrity  and  determination  of  his  Scotch 
ancestr\-.  He  is  a  man  who  inspires  confidence, 
and  was  one  of  the  staunchest  friends  of  the  late 
Geo.  P.  Plant,  and  his  long  business  connection 
with  George  Updike  made  of  them  the  firmest 
friends. 

While  running  the  little  mill  at  Waterford, 
Wisconsin,  Mr.  Kehlor  met  and  married  Miss 
Lamira  W.  Rnss.  Of  this  marriage  three 
children,  all  girls,  have  been  born.  Connie  E., 
is  now  Mrs.  George  Tower,  Jr.,  while  Josephine 
and  Jessie  are  yet  at  home. 

MOFFITT,  JOH.x  S.,  who  died  :\Iay  17,  1S!I4, 
shortly  before  completing  his  fortieth  year,  was 
one  of  the  best  known  and  most  respected  advo- 
cates of  the  New  St.  Louis  idea,  and  there  can 
be  no  doubt  that  the  conscientious  manner  in 
which  he  discharged  his  semi-ofhcial  duties  ma- 
terially shortened  his  life.  It  was  his  habit  in 
business  matters  to  attend  personally  to  the 
most  minute  details,  and  no  one  in  his  employ 
kept  longer  office  hours,  or  worked  more  con- 
tinuously, than  did  he.  As  a  wholesale  drug- 
gist he  ranked  among  the  leaders  in  the  West, 
and  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  National 
Association,  having  an  immense  number  of 
friends  among  its  members  throughout  the  entire 
country.  For  upwards  of  ten  years  he  also  de- 
voted several  hours  a  day  to  work  designed  for 
the  betterment  of  the  city,  for  the  care  of  the 
poor,  and  also  for  the  religious  training  of  chil- 
dren.     For  some  time  he  had  been  \isibh-  losiuir 


strength,  hut  until  too  late  he  disregarded  the 
advice  of  his  friends  and  physician, who  besought 
him  to  take  a  protracted  rest,  and  it  was  not 
until  his  health  actually  broke  down  that  his 
familiar  figure  was  missing  frou:  his  desk.  It 
was  too  late  then  to  save  a  life,  the  value  of 
which  the  community  now  thoroughly  recognizes. 
Nervous  prostration,  brought  on  by  continued 
application,  was  aggravated  by  lung  trouble,  and 
the  best  medical  advice  was  unavailing. 

Mr.  Moffitt  was  born  in  the  year  1854,  and  was 
the  son  of  ^Ir.  William  Moffitt,  of  Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania.  Mr.  Wm.  Moffitt  took  charge  of 
the  shipping  department  for  ]\Ir.  James  Richard- 
son shortly  after  the  close  of  the  war.  Before 
the  incorporation  of  the  Richardson  Drug  Com- 
pam-,  in  the  old  da\s  of  Richardson  iS:  ^lellier, 
John  S.  entered  the  employ  of  the  firm  as  errand- 
])o\'.  The  natural  industry  and  integrity  of  the 
lad  commended  him  at  once  to  the  notice  of  his 
emj)l()\ers,  and  his  advance  in  their  confidence 
was  rapid.  Thus  advancing  towards  the  man- 
agerial department,  he  was,  on  the  incorporation 
of  tiie  Richardson  Drug  Company,  placed  in 
charge  of  the  sundries  department  in  the  old 
building  at  the  corner  of  Fourth  street  and  Clark 
a\'enue.  Here  he  was  in  his  element,  and  the 
sundries  department  soon  assumed  great  impor- 
tance. It  was  while  engaged  in  this  capacity 
that  Mr.  Mofirtt  became  identified  with  so  many 
of  the  movements  of  a  public  and  iihilanthropic 
character,  and  that  he  became  looked  ui)on  as 
indispensable  in  an\-  movement  requiring  hard 
work  and  jiatient  application. 

The  fire  of  New  Year's  Da\",  18.S9,  which 
wiped  the  Richardson  drug  house  off  the  face 
of  the  earth  caused  Wr.  Moffitt  to  look  elsewhere 
for  an  occupation.  His  loyaltv  to  the  house 
with  which  he  had  been  identified  for  so  many 
\ears  was  great,  and  it  was  not  until  he  was 
satisfied  that  the  company  had  no  intention  of 
rebuilding  that  he  determined  to  form  a  drug 
company  himself.  About  six  weeks  after  the 
destruction  of  the  Richardson  plant,  Mr.  Moffitt 
associated  with  himself  Messrs.  Courtney  H. 
West,  William  J.  Xiedringhaus  and  Frank  F'. 
Koeneke.      These  four  gentlemen  incorporated 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


215 


the  ^loffitt-West  Drug  Company,  of  which  Mr. 
Moffitt  Ijecame  president  and  acting  manager. 
As  already  stated,  he  gave  to  the  buying  and 
sliipping  departments  his  liourly  attention,  and 
under  his  care  the  business  grew  beyond  all 
expectation.  Although  only  five  }ears  old  the 
MofStt-West  Drug  Company  has  become  a 
dangerous  rival  to  some  of  its  old  established 
competitors,  and  the  sterling  integrity'  of  its 
management  has  made  it  friends  in  every  city 
within  reasonable  access  of  St.  l^ouis. 

Early  this  year  Mr.  MofRtt  was  incapacitated 
from  work  by  a  serious  illness,  from  which  he 
recovered  sufficienth-  to  be  able  to  get  into  har- 
ness again  for  a  short  time.  He  was  soon, 
however,  compelled  to  give  up  again,  his  condi- 
tion being  obviously  serious.  He  spent  a  short 
time  at  a  health  resort,  but  finding  he  gained 
little  strength  he  returned  to  his  home  at  Web- 
ster (Proves,  where,  despite  the  most  unremitting 
care  he  passed  awa}'  mourned  b)-  his  business 
associates  and  thousands  of  personal  friends. 
The  honorary  pall-bearers  at  his  funeral  were 
ex-Governor  E.  O.  Stanard  and  Messrs.  L.  B. 
Tebbetts,  George  \V.  Parker,  John  W.  Kauff- 
nian  and  Sebeca  N.  Taylor,  and  a  very  large 
number  of  influential  citizens  were  present. 

In  I87.S  Mr.  MofHtt  married  Miss  Julia  Ayton, 
a  daughter  of  the  proprietor  of  Hotel  Beers. 
Mrs.  Moffitt  and  a  daughter.  Miss  Nellie,  now 
thirteen  years  of  age,  sur\'ive  him,  as  also  do 
his  widowed  mother  and  four  brothers  and  one 
sister,  all  of  whom  reside  in  St.  Louis. 

When  it  was  first  proposed  to  illuminate  the 
streets  of  St.  Louis  during  the  festi\'ities,  Mr. 
MofTitt  became  chairman  of  the  illumination 
connnittee,  and  \ear  after  \ear  he  raised  the 
necessary  subscri])tion  to  carry  out  the  work. 
When  in  ISHl  the  Autumnal  Festivities  .Vsso- 
ciation  was  formed,  Mr.  IMoflltt  became  b\' 
unanimous  \ote  chairman  of  the  finance  com- 
mittee, and  to  his  able  organization  and  hard 
work  the  un])recedented  feat  of  raising  more 
lliaii  half  a  million  dollars  in  cash  for  the  enter- 
tainment of  strangers  and  the  betterment  of  the 
city  was  largely  due.  His  achievement  has 
never  been  duplicated,  and  probably  never  will. 


As  a  member  of  the  board  of  Charity  Com- 
missioners his  work  was  equally  prominent  and 
\alnable,  and  his  death  leaves  a  \-acancy  on  that 
important  body.  He  was  also  a  member  of 
several  clubs,  including  the  Commercial,  St. 
Louis,  Noonday  and  the  Mercantile,  while  his 
activity  on  behalf  of  the  business  organization 
known  as  the  Paint,  Oil  and  Drug  Club  was  borne 
testimony  to  b\-  a  series  of  resolutions  passed  at  a 
meeting  hastih'  convened  as  soon  as  the  sad 
news  of  his  death  had  reached  the  city. 

As  a  church  and  Sunday-school  worker  Mr. 
Moffitt  had  few  equals.  He  acted  as  superin- 
tendent of  different  Sunday-schools,  the  last 
position  of  the  kind  held  bv  him  being  at  the 
Lindell  Avenue  Methodist  Church.  His  family 
residence  up  to  last  winter  was  at  4329  Olive 
street,  whence  he  moved  to  his  pretty  suburban 
home  in  Webster  Groves. 

Among  other  religious  work,  Mr.  Moffitt  was 
indefatigable  in  the  interests  of  the  Bethel  Mis- 
sion, and  his  loss  will  be  most  severely  felt.  .\t 
a  special  meeting  of  the  trustees,  the  following 
resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted: 

Reso/Ted,  We  record  with  sincere  sorrow  the 
loss  we  sustain  in  ^Ir.  Moffitt's  removal  from  our 
councils  and  our  labor.  Ever  ready  to  perform 
every  good  word  and  work,  his  zeal  and  effi- 
ciency were  always  an  inspiration  to  his  fellow- 
workers  in  ever\-  line  of  duty. 

Reso/zu'd,  We  extend  our  deepest  sympathy  to 
his  bereaved  family,  and  rejoice  with  them  in 
that  faith  which  enables  us  to  feel  that  our  tem- 
poral loss  is  his  eternal  gain. 

Reso/vedy  That  these  resolutions  be  placed 
n|)on  the  records  of  our  association,  and  a  cop\- 
of  them  iiresented  to  his  berea\ed  family  as  a 
testimonial  of  our  high  appreciation  of  his  ster- 
ling Christian  character. 

The  l'aint,()il  and  Drug  Club's  resolutions 
referred  to  abo\-e,  were  equalK  impressive. 

BiKiuNC.KR,  1m<ki)I-:rick  W.,  SOU  of  John 
and  l^lise  (Steiger)  Biebinger,  is  a  nati\e  ui 
Rhenish-Bavaria,  where  he  was  born  December 
IS,  l.s;U.  He  recei\ed  a  good  education,  prin- 
cipally from  the  schools  of  Mannheim,  Germany. 


216 


OLD  AX /I  A'Lir  sr.  /.or/s. 


When  he  was  uinc-lceu  years  old  he  became 
possessed  with  a  desire  to  lake  ad\-aiitage  of  the 
extended  opportunities  offered  the  young  man 
of  energy  and  industry  in  far-away  America. 
He  reached  the  shores  of  tlie  United  States  in 
l.S,')l),  and  after  a  ])reiiniinary  investigation  of 
tlie  country  in  which  lie  intended  to  make  his 
home,  and  a  two  years'  stay  in  Cleveland,  Ohio, 
he  selected  St.  Louis,  which  he  reached  October 
1,  18;J2. 

By  185;")  he  had  succeeded  so  far,  that  in  Alay 
of  that  year  he  was  made  teller  of  the  German 
Savings  Institution.  This  place  he  held  until 
l.SfiO,  and  left  it  to  accept  the  position  of  cashier 
in  the  North  St.  Louis  vSavings  Bank,  where  he 
remained  until  l'S(>4.  In  that  }'ear  the  Fourth 
National  Bank  of  St.  Louis  was  organized.  An 
offer  was  made  Air.  Biebinger  to  become 
cashier  of  the  new  institution,  and  this  office  he 
held  from  the  organization  of  the  bank  in  the 
year  above  mentioned  until  the  death  of  the 
president,  Mr.  John  C.  IL  I).  IMock,  in  LSUL 
This  event  created  a  vacancy-  which  was  filled 
b\'  the  election,  January  12,  1892,  of  Air. 
Biebinger  to  the  presidenc\-,  an  office  he  yet 
holds. 

His  wife  was  Miss  Sophie  Koch,  of  this  city, 
to  whom  he  was  married  August  12,  1854.  To 
the  couple  eight  children  were  born,  six  of 
whom  are  yet  living.  They  are:  Emma,  the 
wife  of  William  H.  Diltniaun;  Klise,-the  wife  of 
Dr.  Robert  Ludeking;  Adele,  now  Mrs.  Charles 
F.  Zukoski;  Oscar  L.,  cashier  of  the  Mallinck- 
rodt  Chemical  Works,  who  married  Miss  Nettie 
Luthy;  William,  teller  of  the  Fourth  National 
Bank,  who  married  Miss  Bertha  Bodemanu, 
and  Ernst,  who  is  unmarried.  All  the  children 
live  in  ,St.  Louis,  except  Ernst,  who  is  in 
Mexico. 

Mr.  Biebinger's  life  is  an  exemplification  of 
what  can  be  achieved  by  a  steady  purpose,  by 
industry,  honesty  and  natural  alnlity.  He  is,  in 
the  declining  years  of  his  life,  generally  es- 
teemed and  respected;  his  judgment  in  anv 
financial  transaction  is  held  to  be  of  high  \-alue, 
and  he  deserves  the  high  place  he  occupies  at 
this  time  in  the  public  confidence.      Coming  to 


St.  Louis  in  a  dav  when  it  was  of  com])aratively 
little  financial  consequence,  he  has  seen  it  grow 
to  be  the  fifth  city  of  the  I'nion,  and  the  most 
important  financial  center  of  the  Mississippi  \'al- 
ley  and  the  West.  Through  the  entire  history 
of  its  greatest  financial  growth  he  has  been  an 
active  factor,  participating  in  the  great  panics 
of  1857,  of  the  war  period  and  o{  ISTH;  being 
closely  associated  with  all  the  phases  of  its 
growth  for  nearly  half  a  century,  his  experience 
has  been  wide,  deep  and  interesting —  an  ex- 
perience that  has  proved  of  the  highest  value  to 
the  great  moneyed  institution  of  which  he  is 
the  head.  His  knowledge  of  the  exact  financial 
standing  and  worth  of  the  various  firms  and  in- 
di\-iduals  of  this  city  and  the  West  is  of  a  kind 
that  can  be  only  acquired  by  time  and  by  op- 
portunity such  as  he  has  had.  Mr.  Biebinger's 
ability,  record  and  experience  entitle  him  to  the 
admiration  and  respect  that  the  financiers  and 
capitalists  accord  him;  his  character  as  a  man, 
and  his  record  as  a  citizen,  make  him  none  the 
less  worthy  of  the  highest  public  consideration 
and  regard. 

CkawI'Oki),  DrcAij),  son  of  James  and  Janet 
(Weir)  Crawford,  was  born  in  Argyleshire, 
Scotland.  He  was  educated  at  a  preparatory 
school  on  the  Island  of  Bute,  and  when  fifteen 
years  of  age  he  became  an  apprentice  in  a  dry 
goods  store  in  Glasgow,  remaining  for  four 
years.  A  linen  draper,  as  a  dry  goods  man  is 
called  in  Scotland,  does  a  more  limited  busi- 
ness than  the  house  over  which  Mr.  Crawford  is 
now  the  head,  but  the  system  in  Scotland  estab- 
lishments is  very  severe,  and  the  discipline 
which  the  man  who  is  now  one  of  the  leading 
drv  goods  princes  of  the  West  underwent  in  his 
early  life  has  been  of  great  benefit  to  him  since 
being  in  business  for  himself.  After  completing 
his  apprenticeship  Mr.  Crawford  secured  em- 
ployment in  one  of  the  largest  retail  establish- 
ments in  Dublin,  where  he  still  further  enlarged 
his  ideas  and  knowledge  of  the  business  of  his 
choice.  His  career  in  the  Irish  capital  was  a 
very  successful  one,  his  first  work  being  as 
salesman,  ])ut  later  when  he  had  attracted  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL   APPENDIX. 


217 


attention  of  his  eniploj'ers  to  his  keenness  and  find  it  difficnlt  to  realize  that  when  Mr.  Craw- 
discretion,  he  acted  as  pnrchaser  in  some  of  the  ford  opened  np  business  on  this  corner  twenty- 
leadint^  departments.  five  years  ago,  liis  store  only  measnred  twelve 
After  three  years  Mr.  Crawford  had  a  mild  by  fonrteen  feet.  From  the  very  first,  custom- 
attack  of  home-sickness,  and  retnrning  to  Scot-  ers  were  attracted  by  the  remarkable  cheapness 
land  secnred  a  position  with  Messrs.  Arthur  &  of  the  goods  offered  for  sale.  Mr.  Crawford's 
Company,  then,  as  now,  the  largest  wholesale  experience  in  four  different  countries  had  taught 
and  retail  dry  goods  house  in  Great  Britain,  him  how  to  purchase  the  very  best  of  articles  at 
^lessrs.  Arthur  &  Company  recognized  in  the  low  prices,  and  he  was  able  even  then  to  under- 
young  man  talent  of  high  order,  and  unlimited  sell  his  rivals  to  an  extent  which  set  their  pur- 
confidence  was  reposed  in  him.      He  could  have  cliasers  thinking.     The  career  of  Crawford   & 


easily  secured  a  life 
]50sition  with  the 
house,  but  he  was 
too  ambitious  for 
such  a  career,  and 
in  IS.-x;  left  the  old 
country  for  Canada, 
where  he  located  at 
Toronto  and  se- 
cured a  position  as 
salesman  in  the 
leading  dr\'  goods 
house  there.  Later 
he  moved  to  Lon- 
don, Canada,  but  in 
the  year  18(54  de- 
cided to  establish 
himself  in  St.  Louis, 
whither  he  accord- 
ingly came,  at  once 
associating  liimself 
with  C.  li.  IIul)bL-ll, 
Jr.  (S:  Company,  re- 
tail dry  goods  deal- 
ers, as  salesman,  with 
twch'e  montlis. 


DUQALD    CRAWFORD. 


Company  during  the 
last  quarter  of  a 
century  has  been 
even  more  remark- 
able than  the  growth 
of  the  city  in  which 
it  carried  on  its 
business.  Eight  ad- 
ditions have  been 
made  as  occasion  re- 
quired, and  to-dav 
the  establisliment  is 
one  of  tlie  largest 
retail  d  r  \-  goods 
houses  in  the  West; 
while  those  in  any 
part  of  the  countrv 
which  equal  it  in 
size  c  o  u  1  (.1  b  e 
counted  without 
great  effort.  Not  a 
brick  of  the  original 
store  is  standing,  and 
all  that  remains  to 
cnnnect   the  enormous  (.stablishment   of  to-dav 


wlidui    he   remain(.'d    fur 

with  the  little  store  of  the  (JO'sis  the  ability  and 
Mis  next  engagement  was  with  I'>arr,  Duncan      energx  of  the  men  at  its  head,  the  high  grade  of 


X:  Company,  as  a  salesman  in  the  silk  depart- 
uicut.  He  filled  this  position  witli  marked 
ability  lor  aljout  eighteen  montlis,  when  he 
decided  to  start  in  business  for  himself,  and 
accordingly  severed  his  connection  with  that 
Uvui. 

Those  who  now  gaze  with  admiration  on  the 
mannnoth  establishment  of  Mr.  Crawford's  on 
till'  corner  ot    I''ranklin   a\enut'    and    r>ro,ul\\a\". 


goods  kejit,  the  low  jirices  charged  for  e\-erv- 
ihiug,  and  the  perfect  fairness  whicli  character- 
izes every  transaction  made.  In  St.  Louis  the 
name  of  Crawford  is  a  household  one;  while  the 
\olunu'  of  business  transacted  by  visitors  to  the 
city,  and  in  resinuise  to  mail  orders,  is  simply 
astonisliiug. 

Mr.  Crawford  is  a  t\pical  Scotchman,  though 
a    loyal    .Vmerican,    and  a   man  whose    pocket- 


21S 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


book  is  always  open  when  called  upon  to  assist 
in  any  prood  work  for  the  betterment  of  the  city 
or  for  the  relief  of  the  suffering;.  Anionjf  the 
large  nnmber  of  positions  occnpied  by  him,  he 
is  vice-president  of  the  Bethel  Association; 
president  of  the  Congregational  City  Missionary 
Society;  Trustee  of  Drury  College,  at  Spring- 
field, Missouri;  president  of  the  Caledonian 
Society  of  St.  Louis,  member  of  the  Local 
Legion  of  Honor;  and  an  acti\e  member  of  both 
the  St.  Louis  and  Mercantile  clubs. 

Mr.  Crawford  was  married  in  the  year  181)  1 
to  Miss  Jane  Forsyth,  of  Aberdeen,  Scotland,  the 
ceremon\-  being  performed  by  Rev.  Dr.  Topp,  at 
Toronto,  Canada.  He  has  four  children  living — 
John  F.  and  James  M.,  two  sons,  now  assisting 
their  father  in  the  great  Broadway  Bazaar,  and 
Annie,  now  Mrs.  D.  O.  Hill,  of  Chicago,  and 
Jessie  M.  at  home. 

Brown,  George  Warren,  was  born  in  (irau- 
ville,  Washington  county,  New  York,  on  the 
21st  day  of  March,  1853.  He  received  a  com- 
mercial college  education  at  Troy,  New  York, 
after  attending  the   public  schools  in  his   town. 

Upon  graduating  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  arriv- 
ing on  the  10th  day  of  April,  1873.  His  first 
position  was  that  of  shipping  clerk  for  the  firm 
of  Hamilton,  Brown  &  Company.  After  serving 
only  ten  months  in  the  house  he  became  travel- 
ing salesman  for  them,  starting  on  the  road  in 
the  spring  of  1874,  being  then  twenty-one  years 
of  age  and  the  first  traveler  to  introduce  the 
firm's  goods  to  the  western  trade.  He  went  out 
in  the  face  of  great  disadvantages,  as  it  was  just 
subsequent  to  the  panic  of  '7;>,  and  he  found 
his  goods  better  adapted  to  southern  than  to 
western  trade,  but  he  had  the  determination  to 
overcome  these  difficulties  and  soon  demon- 
strated his  value  to  his  employers. 

He  soon  became  impressed  with  the  necessity 
of  manufacturing  boots  and  shoes  specially  for 
western  trade,  and  of  the  advantages  of  St.  Louis 
as  a  point  for  their  manufacture,  and  tried  to 
persuade  his  employers  to  begin  making  goods 
for  this  trade,  but  as  the}-  refused  to  adopt  his 
ideas  he,  after  five  years'  service,  resigned  and 


taking  what  uu)ne\  he  had  sa\ed,  with  A.  L. 
Bryan  and  J.  B.  Desnoyers,  organized  the  firm 
of  Bryan,  Brown  ON:  Company,  for  the  manufact- 
ure of  boots  and  shoes.  The  success  of  the  en- 
terprise was  regarded  as  experimental  and  doubt- 
ful In-  their  friends,  as  nearly  one-third  of  the 
capital  of  the  firm  was  put  in  machinery  at  the 
beginning,  and  all  who  had  attempted  the  man- 
ufacturing of  shoes  in  St.  Louis  up  to  that  time 
had  failed  to  succeed.  The  first  fi\'e  men  em- 
ployed in  their  factory  were  brought  from  Roch- 
ester, New  York,  and  their  railroad  fare  was 
paid  in  advance,  as  an  inducement  to  them  to 
come  and  make  the  first  Rochester  shoes  in 
St.  lyouis. 

Confronting  these  seemingly  unfavorable  pros- 
pects and  conditions,  Bryan,  Brown  &  Company 
was  successful  from  the  start;  in  1881  the  firm 
was  incorporated  as  Bryan-Brown  Shoe  Com- 
pany. In  1885  the  name  of  the  company  was 
changed  to  that  of  Brown-Desno)-ers  Shoe  Com- 
pan\-,  and  again  in  1893  to  The  Brown  Shoe, 
Company.  Mr.  Brown  has  been  president  of 
the  corporation  from  its  beginning  in  18,SL 
This  house  has  over  fortv  tra\'eling  salesmen  on 
the  road,  and  is  probabh-  now  growing  more 
rapidly  than  any  other  house  of  its  kind  in  the 
country.  The  building  occupied  by  the  firm 
covers  two  and  one-half  acres  of  floor  space, 
one-half  of  which  is  devoted  to  the  manufacture 
of  shoes,  and  the  remainder  to  store  and  office 
purposes. 

To  make  the  statement  direct  and  tinequivo- 
cal,  their  shoe  plant,  as  a  whole,  is  the  finest 
and  most  perfect  in  the  country,  and  the  firm 
enjo\s  the  distinction  of  being  the  father  of  the 
shoe  manufacturing  interest  in  St.  Louis,  as  it 
is  the  oldest  successful  manufacturing  house 
still  in  business  here;  and  there  is  no  doubt  but 
that  the  success  of  this  firm  was  the  key  which 
has  opened  up  the  present  great  shoe  manufact- 
uring enterprises  that  are  now  carried  on  in 
this  cil\-,  which  has  already  made  it  the  greatest 
shoe  market  in  the  United  States. 

In  1885  Mr.  Brown  was  married  to  Miss 
Bettie  Bofinger,  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  still  a 
\oung  man. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


219 


JuDSON,  Frederick  Newtox,  the  son  of 
Frederick  J.  and  CatlierineT.  (Chapelle )  Judson, 
was  bom  in  vSt.  Mary's,  Georgia,  on  the  7th  of 
October,  1(^45.  His  education  was  completed 
at  Yale  College,  from  which  lie  graduated  in  the 
class  of  lf^(>t),  receiving  the  degrees  of  A.B.  and 
A.M.  He  then  taught  school  in  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,  and  afterwards  in  Nashville,  Ten- 
nessee. He  canre  to  St.  Louis,  and  having 
already  applied  himself  to  the  study  of  law, 
attended  the  law  school  and  graduated  in  1.S71 
with  the  degree  of 
I.L.B. 

He  next  became 
associated  with 
Governor  Gratz  B. 
Brown  in  the 
capacit\'  of  jjrivate 
secretary,  which 
office  he  filled  for 
two  years,  prior  to 
his  connnencenient 
of  the  practice  of  law 
in  1S7.')  in  the  cit\' 
of  St.  Louis.  In 
1)^74  he  formed  a 
partnership  with 
Joseph  T  a  t  u  m  , 
under  the  firm  name 
of  Tatum  &  Judson, 
which  continued  for 
one  \ear. 

The  fol  lowing 
two  )ears  he  was 
alone     in     ]>ractice, 

but  in  1.S7.S  formed  a  partnership  willi  Hon. 
Jcihn  II.  ()\erall,  IJie  film  name  being  (  )veiall 
i\;  Judson.  That  business  association  continued 
until  I.S.S."),  when  Judge  Hough  entered  the  firm 
llie  same  being  changed  to  Hough,  (  )\crall  lS; 
Judson.  Tlial  business  association  was  dis- 
.solved  in  ISSli,  and  in  the  following  vear  Mr. 
Jud.son  joined  the  firm  of  \'alle,  Rcyburn,  Jud- 
son i^  Reyl)Uin.  At  ihc  exjiiratiou  of  one  \ear 
that  firm  dissoh-cd,  and  (hiring  the  year  suc- 
ceeding he  conlimied  the  practice  alone. 

.Mr.  Judson  is  a  great  friend  of  education,  and 


H.   N.  JUU.^ON. 


has  been  enabled  to  yield  that  cause  able  and 
valuable  service.  His  first  election  to  member- 
ship in  the  Board  of  Education  occurred  in  1878, 
which  was  followed  b}-  re-election  in  187f),  and 
he  served  continuoush-  until  1882.  He  twice 
received  deserved  recognition  at  the  hands  of 
his  associates,  being  elected  to  the  presidency 
of  the  board  in  1881,  and  again  in  1882.  In 
1887  he  was  elected  on  the  board  on  the  general 
citizens'  ticket.  For  the  third  time  he  was 
ele\-ated  to  the  presidenc\-  of  that  bod\-,  ser\-ino- 

until  1889.  During 
the  }ears  .spent  in 
this  responsible 
position,  he  was  al- 
ways one  of  the 
staunchest  advocates 
of  honesty  and  econ- 
omy, and  a  friend  of 
l^rogressive  methods 
in  educational 
affairs.  As  an  in- 
stance of  the  high 
regard  in  which  he 
is  held  as  a  prac- 
titioner in  the  com- 
mercial world,  it 
may  be  stated  that 
since  l.S,s;>  he  has 
held  the  responsible 
position  of  counsel 
to  the  Merchants' 
Exchange.  vSince 
18SI2  he  has  held 
position  of  lecturer 
on  c-\ideuce  in  the  facult\'  of  the  Law  School  of 
Washington  l'ni\ersit\'. 

On  the  Isl  ol  Jannai\-,  1SI)2,  he  entered  into 
a  co-]iartnershi])  with  .Mr.  Charles  S.  Taussig  in 
a  general  ])iaclice  of  the  law.  Mr.  Judson  has 
achie\  ed  a  reputation  and  admitted  high  charac- 
ter in  his  practice  in  the  courts  of  .Missouri,  and 
enjoys  the  confidence  of  the  first  social  and  busi- 
ness circles  of  St.  Louis.  He  was  married  to 
.Miss  Jennie  Kakin,  t)f  Nashville,  Tenne.s.see,  a 
lady  of  education  and  refinement,  and  by  whom 
he  has  one  daughter. 


220 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


OvKRALL,  John  Hrnrv,  sou  of  Majnr  Wilson 
Lee  and  Eliza  Ann  (Williams)  Overall,  was 
born  in  St.  Charles  county,  Missouri,  March  28, 
1<S45.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Tennessee, 
but  moved  into  Missouri  when  a  }oung  man,  and 
in  1812  entered  the  United  States  army  from  the 
latter  vState.  His  mother  was  a  very  talented 
lady  and  a  very  able  newspaper  writer,  being, 
in  fact,  the  first  lady  editress  of  whom  there  is 
any  record.  She  died  at  St.  Joseph,  Missouri, 
in  1880.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  edu- 
cated at  the  University  of  Missouri,  at  Columbia, 
where  he  graduated  with  honors  in  18()r). 

Coming  to  St.  Louis  he  took  a  course  in  the 
Henderson  and  vStewart  Commercial  College, 
and  then  went  to  Jefferson  City,  where  he  read 
law  with  the  Hon.  E.  L.  Edwards  and  after- 
wards with  Henry  &  Williams,  at  Macon,  Mis- 
souri, and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  July,  18(;(). 
Before  commencing  to  practice  he  entered  the 
law  department  of  Harvard  University,  where  he 
graduated  in  lS(i7.  Returning  to  St.  Louis  he 
spent  four  months  studying  court  iiroceclurc  and 
the  statutes  and  code  of  the  State,  and  then 
located  in  Macon  City,  Missouri.  In  18()8  he 
was  elected  circuit  attorney  of  the  Second  Judic- 
ial District  of  Missouri,  a  position  he  resigned 
in  1872,  in  order  to  accept  the  position  of  dean 
of  the  law  school  in  connection  with  the  State 
University,  of  Columbia.  He  organized  this 
school  successfully,  but  was  compelled  to  resign 
the  deanship  owing  to  ill  health,  and  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Judge  Philemon  Bliss. 

He  remained  in  Columbia  until  1874,  and  on 
the  death  of  Fidelo  D.  Sharp,  partner  of  Colonel 
.  James  O.  liroadhead,  he  became  a  member  of 
the  firm,  continuing  a  partner  of  Mr.  Broadhead 
until  1878,  when  the  firm  of  Overall  &  Judson 
was  created.  On  January  1,  1885,  Mr.  Hough 
was  taken  into  the  firm,  which  became  known 
as  Hough,  Overall  &  Judson.  The  co-partner- 
ship continued  for  five  years,  when  it  was  dis- 
solved and  Air.  Overall  has  been  in  practice 
alone  ever  since.  His  ability  as  a  lawyer  has 
earned  him  a  reputation  throughout  the  West, 
and  the  cases  he  has  handled  include  .some  of 
the  most  important  ever  tried  in  Missouri. 


He  was  acting  vice-president  of  the  ISoard  of 
Police  Commissioners  for  the  city  of  St.  Louis 
under  Governor  Francis'  administration,  and 
presided  over  the  majority  of  the  meetings  of 
that  Iward,  his  colleagues  being  Messrs.  Charles 
H.  Turner,  George  H.  Small,  and  David  W. 
Caruth.  His  administration  was,  throughout 
fearless  and  vigorous.  The  police  found  in  him 
a  friend  in  every  difficulty  which  had  arisen 
from  their  determination  to  carry  out  the  la\v 
fearlessly  and  without  favor,  while  he  was  ex- 
tremely severe  in  every  case  where  fa\'oritisni 
was  shown  or  duty  neglected.  In  short,  ]\lr. 
Overall  enforced  on  the  police  board  the  same 
principles  of  stern  ju.stice  and  honest  work 
that  have  made  his  career  so  famous,  and  made 
him  such  a  censpicnous  ornament  to  the  cit\' 
in  which  he  has  resided  nearly  the  wdiole  of  his 
life. 

He  is  now  about  forty-seven  vears  of  age,  in 
the  full  enjoyment  of  health,  and  in  possession 
of  industry  and  love  of  work  seldom  found  in 
any  profession,  and  still  less  frequenth-  among 
men  who  have  made  their  mark  in  the  world, 
and  are  so  entitled  to  retirement  from  acti\'e 
work  as  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  His  name 
is  regarded  with  nnich  resjiect  in  vSt.  Louis,  and 
is  looked  upon  as  a  guarantee  of  the  good  faith 
of  every   enterprise   with  which  it   is  connected. 

He  married  in  Januar}-,  1874,  Miss  Mary 
Rollins,  daughter  of  Major  Janjes  S.  Rollins,  of 
Columbia,  Missouri,  and  has  four  children  li\'- 
ing — Florence,  John,  Adele  and  Sidney. 

Stk\v.\rt,  Alphonso  Cha.sk,  wasbornat  Leb- 
anon, Tennessee,  August  27,  1848.  Hisparents 
were  Alexander  P.  and  Harriet  Byron  (Chase) 
Stewart.  His  father  was  a  graduate  of  West 
Point,  and  at  the  beginning  of  the  late  civil  war 
entered  the  Confederate  armv,  with  the  rank  of 
major  of  artiller\',  and  was  afterwards  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  major-general  and  then  to  lieu- 
tenant-general, taking  part  in  the  battles  that 
took  place  in  Tennessee  and  Alabama,  and  was 
reckoned  a  brave  and  efficient  commander.  His 
mother  was  a  relative  of  Salmon  P.  Chase,  late 
chief  justice  of  the  United  States  Supreme  Court. 


'-^  M  {^j-^-y^^j^. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


221 


He  was  born  at  the  house  of  Hon.  Robert 
Iv.  Caruthers,  one  of  the  most  distinguished 
hiwyers  and  jurists  that  ever  adorned  the  bar 
and  bench  of  Tennessee,  and  wlio  was  governor 
and  a  judge  of  the  Su])renie  Court  of  that  State. 

At  the  age  of  fourteen  years  Alphonso  C. 
entered  the  Confederate  arni}'.  He  afterwards 
received  a  very  thorough  education,  beginning  in 
the  school  of  Nathaniel  Cross,  at  Edgefield,  Ten- 
nessee, then  attending  the  Alabama  ^Military 
Institute  at  Tuscaloosa,  xAlabama,  and  then 
entered  the  Cumberland  University,  located  at 
his  birthplace,  graduating  therefrom  in  18(i8, 
with  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws.  Not  yet 
having  attained  his  majoritv  he  coidd  not  be 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  remained  at  the  law 
school  of  the  uni\-ersity  for  another  year  as  a 
post-graduate,  and  presided  as  judge  of  the  uni- 
versity moot  court. 

In  l<S()i)  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and 
began  the  j^ractice  of  law  at  Winchester,  in 
partnership  with  Tobias  Turney  ( Turney  & 
vStewart)  brother  of  Judge  Peter  Turney,  now 
judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Tennessee.  After 
one  year  this  partnership  was  dissolved  and  he 
cnntinued  the  practice  alone  for  a  year,  when  at 
the  solicitation  of  Hon.  vSylvanus  E\'aus,  a 
prominent  lawyer  of  Mississippi,  who  had  offices 
at  ^Meridian  and  Enterprise,  he  removed  to  the 
latter  i)lace  and  took  charge  of  the  legal  busi- 
ness there,  but  not  in  equal  partnership.  At 
the  end  of  the  first  year,  however,  Mr.  Evans 
offered  him  an  equal  partnershij)  for  the  period 
of  five  years,  which  he  accepted.  The  style  of 
the  firm  was  Evans  &  Stewart,  and  it  was  one 
of  the  leading  law  firms  in  the  State. 

At  the  e.xpiration  of  two  years  this  partner- 
ship was  dissolved  by  mutual  consent,  and  Mr. 
Stewart  came  to  St  Louis  and  pursued  his  ])ro- 
fessiou  for  a  \'ear  alone,  when  he  formed  a  i)art- 
nership  with  Hon.  Charles  King  and  Judge  J. 
W.  Phillips,  under  the  firm  name  of  King,  Phil- 
lips &  Stewart.  This  partnership  ended  at  the 
expiration  of  six  montlis.  Mr.  Stewart  and  Judge 
Phillips  then  associated  themscK'es  together, 
and  did  an  extensive  business  in  the  civil 
ct)urts,  their  practice  being  largeh'  confined  to 


the  corporation  and  commercial  law.  Thev 
were  the  general  solicitors  for  the  Texas  &  St. 
Louis  Railway  and  the  St.  Louis,  Arkansas  & 
Texas  (Cotton  Belt)  Railway,  and  counsel  for 
the  St.  Louis  Cotton  Comjiress  Company.  In 
connection  with  their  law  business  they  con- 
ducted a  collection  department,  which  did  a 
large  business.  They  represented  the  first 
mortgage  bondholders  in  the  celebrated  Wa- 
bash, St.  Louis  &  Pacific  Railroad  receivership 
case,  which  resulted  in  the  foreclosure  and  reor- 
ganization of  that  corporation.  They  were  also 
attorneys  in  the  suit  in  which  it  was  first  de- 
cided by  an  appellate  court  in  Missouri  that  a 
corporation  had  the  right  to  nuike  a  general 
assignment  for  the  benefit  of  its  creditors. 

The  partnership  of  Phillips  &  .Stewart  con- 
tinued until  November  1,  l.SDO,  when  it  was 
reorganized  by  the  admission  of  Edward  Cun- 
ningham and  Edward  C.  Elliot,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Phillips,  Stewart,  Cunningham  & 
Elliot. 

W^heu  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Company  was 
organized  in  October,  LSSii,  Mr.  Stewart  was 
made  secretary  and  counsel  of  the  company,  and 
bed  both  positions  until  January,  1891,  when 
finding  the  labor  imposed  by  them  too  onerous, 
he  resigned  the  office  of  secretary.  He  is  still 
counsel  for  the  company. 

Mr.  Stewart  is  connected  in  one  capacity  or 
another,  either  as  attorney,  stockholder  or 
director,  with  the  following  corporations, 
besides  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Company:  the  St. 
Louis  Cotton  Compress  Companv,  the  vSchultz 
Belting  Company,  the  Merchants"  Life  Associ- 
ation of  the  United  States,  the  Southwestern 
Improvement  Association,  and  the  Jasper  County 
Electric  Power  Company. 

ICntering  upon  the  acti\"e  practice  of  his  jiro- 
fession  when  bareh  twenty-one  years  old,  his 
life  his  since  been  an  exceedingb-  busv  and 
laborious  one,  and  he  has  attained  a  prominence 
at  the  bar  and  in  business  and  financial  circles 
that  marks  him  as  a  man  of  unusual  ability.  He 
is  scholarly  and  refined  in  his  tastes,  and  devoted 
to  his  lu)me  and   family  circle. 

Mr.   Stewart  was  married  in   July,    1S7;>,  to 


2-22 


OI.D  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


.Miss  Elizabeth  Smith,  daui|;hter  of  vSanmel 
Smith,  of  Winchester,  Tennessee,  one  of  the 
most  prominent  and  reputable  citizens  in  that 
section  of  the  State.  They  have  two  children — 
Samnel  vSmith  and  Harriet  Chase. 

Brockman,  Philip.  —  There  are  few  more 
popnlar  men  in  St.  Lonis  than  Mr.  Philip  Brock- 
man,  and  fewer  still  have  earned  the  love  and 
esteem  of  their  fellow-citizens  by  snch  disinter- 
ested generositv.  Mr.  Brockman  is  to  the  front 
in  every  movement  designed  to  help  the  city  or 
any  section  of  its  inhabitants,  and  while  he  gives 
freelv  to  all  pnblic  subscriptions  he  also  gives 
awav  thousands  of  dollars  in  a  quiet  manner. 

He  is  the  son  of  Casper  and  Christina  (  l^bke ) 
Brockman,  and  was  born  on  a  farm  near  Osna- 
bruck,  Northern  Germany,  on  March  30,  1.S41. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  near  his 
home,  and  did  some  little  work  in  the  same 
locality.  The  love  of  liberty  and  hatred  of 
tyranny  was  strong,  as  it  is  in  all  men  endowed 
with  a  virile  manhood.  His  pride  of  manhood 
and  his  knowledge  of  his  natural  rights  would 
not  permit  him  to  submit  to  the  tyrannical  and 
humiliating  military  laws  of  his  land,  and  at 
the  age  of  nineteen  he  left  it  to  come  to  America 
and  map  out  a  career  for  himself  in  the  New 
World  of  promise.  While  he  left  Cxermany,  it 
was  not  so  much  to  escape  military  service  as  to 
preserve  his  natural  rights,  and  this  is  evinced 
bv  the  fact  that  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  volun- 
teer on  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion.  He 
landed  at  New  Orleans,  November  2<s,  l.suo, 
proceeded  almost  immediately  to  St.  Louis,  and 
enlisted  in  the  Fourth  Missouri  Cavalry.  Later 
he  joined  the   Second  Missouri  Artillery. 

He  served  until  18<i4,  when  he  finally  broke 
down  from  exposure  and  privation  and  was  mus- 
tered out.  He  returned  to  St.  Louis,  and  on 
his  health  being  restored  he  went  to  Rollers' 
Commercial  College,  where  he  took  a  full  course 
in  mercantile  tuition.  On  leaving  school  he 
secured  a  position  as  book-keeper  for  Sylvester 
Freeman,  in  the  wholesale  grocerv  business.  He 
remained  with  Mi.  I'reeman  for  one  year,  and 
on  that  gentleman  selling  out  he  became  book- 


keeper and  cashier  for  IMessrs.  Teichmau  & 
Companv,  for  whom  he  worked  faithfully  and 
zealonslv  for  fourteen  years.  In  bSTK  he  started 
in  l)nsiness  for  himself,  established  the  firm  of 
Brockman  &;  Company,  and  did  a  large  and  pros- 
perous commission  business  until  the  year  IfSlKI, 
when  it  was  deemed  advisable  to  incorporate 
the  firm,  which  became  known  as  the  Brock- 
man  Commission  Conipan\-. 

The  company  does  a  very  large  business  in 
general  commission  work,  making  a  specialty  of 
all  kinds  of  grain,  and  more  especially  barle\', 
the  firm  handling  more  barley  than  any  other 
commission  house  in  the  West.  It  is  also  inter- 
ested in  a  large  number  of  elevators  in  Ne- 
braska, on  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad,  and 
receives  enormous  shipments  of  grain  from  these 
points  from  time  to  time.  Partly  in  connection 
with  his  business,  and  partly  in  j^leasure,  Mr. 
Brockman  has  traveled  very  extensively,  having 
visited  all   the  leading  points  of  Europe. 

Mr.  Brockman  is  anicml)crof  the  Merchants' 
Exchange,  having  been  admitted  to  membership 
in  IcSTii.  He  served  on  the  Board  of  Directors 
during  the  vear  lN!i()_;iL  and  in  the  former  year 
was  nominated  for  the  presidency,  but  resisted 
strong  pressure  and  declined  to  ser\-e,  preferring 
to  devote  his  whole  attention  to  the  business  of 
his  house,  and  to  give  a  loyal  support  to  any 
member  of  the  Exchange  who  might  receive  a 
majority  of  the  votes.  He  has  taken  a  prom- 
inent part  in  the  policy  of  the  P<xchange,  and 
was  a  leader  in  the  nuivement  which  succeeded  in 
defeating  the  proposition  to  purchase  the  Plant- 
ers' House   site  for  a   new   Exchange  building. 

Mr.  Brockman  is  a  member  of  the  Legion  of 
Honor,  and  also  of  the  Blair  Post,  G.  A.  R. 
He  is  a  very  loyal  Unionist,  and  is  highly  re- 
spected bv  those  who  fought  with  him  in  de- 
fense of  the  Union,  thirty  years  ago.  He  is  also 
connected  with  the  Royal  Arcanum,  Lieder- 
kranz,  the  r)dd  F'ellows,  and  F'air  (Grounds  Club, 
and  director  in  the  Chemical  National   Bank. 

He  married,  March  4,  IHIU),  Miss  Emma 
Rhode,  of  St.  Louis,  and  has  had  seven  chil- 
dren, fue  of  which  are  li\'ing,  the  oldest  of 
whom,  Arthur,  is  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


223 


commission  company  established  by  his  father,  many  reforms,  that  he  was  shortly  afterwards 

Another  son,  William    H.,    died    November  1,  elected  by  the  board  of  directors,  g^eneral  snper- 

1802,   while  in  charge    of    the   Omaha  branch  intendent  of  the  entire  road,  occnpving^  the  posi- 

of   the   Brockman   Commission    Company,   and  tion  for  fonr  years.     The  gauge  of  the  Ohio  & 

the  other  children  are  Annie,  Xellie  and  Philip.  ^Mississippi   road  was  at  that  time  six  feet  wide, 

and  it  was  during  Mr.  Griswold's  administration 

Grlswold,  J.    L.,    son    of    William    I),    and  that  the  gauge  was  changed  to  standard  gauge, 

Maria  (Lancaster)  Griswold,  was  born  in  Ken-  the  very  difficult  work  of  completing  the  change 

tucky  in  l.S4o,  and  was  reared  in  Terre  Haute,  without  suspending  traffic  being  completed  in 

Indiana,  where   liis   father  had  settled  in  IMoT,  July,  1S71.      Railroad  men  were  unanimous  in 

and  was  tlie  law  partner  of  J.  P.  Usher,  vSecre-  their  praise  of  Mr.  Griswold  for  the  able  manner 


tary  of  the  Interior 
under  Abraham  Lin- 
coln. Mr.  Griswold, 
Sr.,  then  went  into 
railroad  buildingand 
afterwards  in  the 
m  a  u  a  g  e  m  e  n  t  of 
same.  J.  L.  <  >  ri  s- 
wold  attended  col- 
lege at  \\'illiston 
Seminary,  East 
Hampton,  Massa- 
chusetts, completing 
his  education  and 
returning  lionie  in 
the  year  IXfJl,  just 
after  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war.  His 
father  was  at  that 
time  president  of  the 
vSt.  Louis,  Alton  & 
Terre  Haute  Rail- 
road, and  >oung 
Griswold  went  into 
his  office  to  learn  the  business 
a  ])orlion  of  tlie  "  Bisr  P'our 


J.  L.  GRISWOLD. 


The  road  is  now 
svstem,  and  on 


i n  w h i c h  he  ha d 
arranged  this  mat- 
ter, and  he  was 
w  a  r  m  1  y  congratu- 
lated by  the  direct- 
ors at  the  time,  the 
entire  change  of 
track  on  the  line 
between  St.  Louis 
and  Cincinnati  hav- 
ing been  completed 
in  the  marvelouslv 
short  time  of  eiglit 
hours,  a  distance  of 
;i4<i  miles. 

Retiring  from  rail- 
road work  he  as,so- 
ciated  himself  with 
Mr.  H.  S.  Clement 
and  Mr.  Charles 
Scudder,  and  leased 
the  Lindell  Hotel, 
which  was  furnished 
in  high  style  and 
issi,  Mr.  Griswold 
interest    in    the    Lin- 


opened  in  1N7).  In  June 
also  retired,  selling  liis 
the  reorganization,  in  ISCl,  Mr.  Griswold,  Sr.,  dell  to  Mr.  Scudder  and  :\Ir.  Henry  Ames, 
became  president  of  the  Ohio  ^i  Mississippi  and  purchased  the  Laclede  Hotel,  the  real 
Railroad.  estate    becoming    his    own    propertv.      He    has 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  ai)i)ointe(l  by  since  devoted  ten  of  the  best  \-ears  of  his 
his  father,  pay-master  of  the  road,  and  he  held  life  to  improving  and  t)eautifving  the  hotel, 
the  ]iositiou  until  he  attracted  attention  to  his  He  has  laid  out  upwards  of  i*s.'), ()()(),  with  the 
ob\ious  ability,  when  he  was  appointed  s\iper-  result  that  the  Laclede  is  now  among  the  most 
iiUendeiit  of  the  western  division  extending  from  i)opnlar  hostelries  of  the  West,  and  one  of  the 
\incenucs,  Indiana,  to  East  St.  Louis.  He  best  hotels  in  St.  Louis.  .Mr.  Griswold  attrib- 
lilkd  the  position  so  well  and  inaugurated   .so     utes  much  of  the  popularity  of  the  hotel  to  the 


224 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


faitliluluess  and  hard  work  of  his  \'cry  ixipukir 
business  associates,  Mr.  Wesley  Austin  and  .Mr. 
Alex.  C.  Tloward.  In  addition  to  this  hotel 
enterprise  Mr.  Griswold  has  been  connected  with 
several  local  enterprises.  He  is  a  shrewd  and 
careful  bu\er  of  real  estate,  and  some  of  his 
investments  have  been  highly  successful. 

He  married  in  the  year  187;")  Miss  Emily  W. 
Adae,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  lias  one  daughter. 
Miss  Nellie  Griswold. 

LiONBER(iKR,  John  R. — "The  evil  that  men 
do  lives  after  them,"  we  are  told,  with  the  cynical 
addendum  that  "the  good  is  oft  interred  in  their 
graves."  Fortunately,  there  are  many  and  no- 
table exceptions  to  this  unfortunate  rule,  and  one 
of  these  will  be  found  in  the  case  of  Mr.  John  R. 
Lionberger,  whose  long  and  useful  career  was 
terminated  by  death  shortly  before  this  work 
went  to  press.  During  the  last  thirty  years  he 
w-as  identified  with  important  enterprises  of 
almost  every  description,  and  for  upwards  of  a 
quarter  of  a  century  he  was  a  power  for  good  in 
vSt.  IvOuis  in  an  inmiense  \-ariety  of  ways. 
When  the  grave  closed  over  his  mortal  remains 
on  May  20,  ISIU,  it  could  not  possibly  efface 
either  the  memory  of  his  example,  or  the  influ- 
ence of  his  enterprise  and  honest  work. 

He  died  a  \-ery  wealthy  man,  but  he  was  never 
a  nroney-hoarder.  When  approached  for  a  sub- 
scription to  any  good  cause,  he  reached  promptly 
for  his  check-book,  and  it  is  believed  that  his 
annual  contributions  to  charitable  movements 
approximated,  if  they  did  not  exceed,  $2."), ()()(). 
Most  of  his  wealth  was  invested  in  and  around 
St.  Louis,  and,  indeed,  much  of  it  was  the  result 
of  his  promptness  to  realize  that  the  St.  Louis  of 
before  the  war  was  but  the  nucleus  for  a  great 
metropolitan  city. 

John  Robert  Lionberger  w-as  born  in  Vir- 
ginia, on  August  29,  1829.  His  father  was 
descended  from  a  well-known  German  family, 
and  his  mother  belonged  to  an  English-Scotch 
family  which  stood  high  in  \'irginia.  W'hen 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  but  eight  years  of 
age  his  parents  mo\ed  west,  locating  in  Boon- 
ville.  Cooper  county,  this  State.      After  attend- 


ing the  local  common  schools,  John  Robert 
entered  Kemper's  Academy  in  the  town  of  his 
parents'  adoption,  and  subsequently  took  a  clas- 
sical course  at  the  State  University  at  Columbia. 
Leaving  college  w'ell  equipped  for  a  professional ' 
career,  he  preferred  to  follow  in  the  footsteps  of 
his  father,  who  was  a  successful  merchant,  and 
for  some  years  he  was  engaged  in  business  in 
Boonville. 

For  a  time  the  Cooper  county  trade  was  satis- 
factory, but  feeling  that  he  was  capable  of  better 
things  he  decided  to  move  to  the  leading  city 
in  the  State,  and  five  or  six  years  before  the  out- 
break of  the  war  he  moved  to  St.  Louis,  with 
which  he  was  connected  for  nearly  forty  years. 
In  ISSf),  almost  immediately  on  his  arrival  here, 
he  established  the  wdiolesale  boot  and  shoe  house 
of  Lionberger  &  Shields,  on  Main  street.  The 
partnership  lasted  about  two  years,  when  Mr. 
Lionberger  purchased  the  interest  of  Mr.  Shields 
and  for  some  time  managed  the  business  as  sole 
proprietor,  underthe  st\de  of  John  R.  Lionberger. 
vSubsequently  junior  partners  were  admitted,  and 
the  firm  became  known  as  J.  R.  Lionberger  & 
Company^  under  wdiich  title  it  flourished  until 
18()7,wdien  he  retired,  leaving  to  his  associates  a 
well-established  and  prosperous  trade,  and  having 
made  for  himself  a  fortune  and  reputation  for 
rectitude  and  business  sagacity  of  which  a  man 
of  twice  his  age  might  well  have  been  proud. 

If  his  original  intention  in  retiring  was  forest 
from  his  labors,  the  idea  was  speedily  aban- 
doned, for  he  at  once  became  actively  connected 
with  enterprises  of  great  public  importance  and 
promising  much  to  the  city.  All  the  great 
projects  for  the  past  twenty-five  years  had  his 
earnest  and  energetic  support.  He  was  always 
to  the  front  in  developing  the  transportation 
system  of  St.  Louis,  and  was  especially  promi- 
nent in  the  affairs  of  what  was  then  known  as 
the  North  ^Missouri  Railroad.  WHien  the  fortunes 
of  that  road  were  at  a  low  ebb,  the  company 
with  wdiich  he  was  identified  took  over  the  road 
and  completed  it  to  Kansas  City  and  the  Iowa 
vState  line.  If  he  did  not  actually  suggest  the . 
l:>uilding  of  the  big  bridge,  he  was  among  the 
first  to  subscribe  freely  to  the  project,  and  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


2-2,-) 


absolute  iiecessitA'  of  a  bridge  connecting  the 
Missouri  and  Illinois  banks  of  the  Mississippi 
was  a  subject  of  never-flagging  interest  to  him. 
When  all  hope  of  constructing  the  great  high- 
way across  the  river  was  apparently  abandoned 
he  injected  new  life  into  the  enterprise,  and 
rejoiced  heartilv  when  it  was  completed  and  the 
bridge  formally  declared  open  for  traffic. 

Mr.  Lionberger  was  one  of  the  organizers  of 
the  old  Southern  Bank,  and  was  for  many  years 
its  vice-president.  In  l.S(i4  this  bank  became 
the  Third  National,  and  three  years  later  he 
became  its  president.  In  I87(i  he  visited 
Euroi)e  in  search  of  rest  and  change,  and  return- 
ing in  1.S7S  he  retired  from  the  presidency,  but 
consented  to  act  as  vice-president.  Four  years 
later,  after  twenty-five  years  connected  with  the 
bank,  he  retired,  leaving  the  active  work  in  the 
hands  of  vounger  men.  He  was  also  one  of  the 
chief  promoters  of  the  St.  Louis  Safe  Deposit 
and  Trust  Company,  now  the  Safe  Dejiosit  and 
Savings  Bank,  and  was  a  director  and  large 
stockholder  in  this  corporation  when  he  died. 
He  had  similar  relations  with  the  Merchants' 
National  Bank,  as  well  as  being  an  extensive 
holder  of  Bell  Telephone  stock,  and  for  a  num- 
l)er  of  ^•ears  had  served  that  company  as  vice- 
president. 

Altogether,  Mr.  Lionberger  was  connected 
with  about  eighty  prominent  companies  during 
liis  Inisiuess  career,  ser\-ing  on  the  board  of 
most  of  them.  It  is  impossible  to  enumerate 
all  of  these,  but  some  of  the  most  important 
nuist  be  mentioned.  He  was  a  large  stock- 
holder in  the  Missouri  Railroad  Company  (the 
()li\-e  street  cable),  ^■icc-prcsi(lent  of  the  old 
St.  Louis  (iaslight  Company,  and  president  of 
the  Carondelet  (ias  Company,  and  for  twenty 
years  president  of  the  People's  Railway  Com- 
l)an\-  (the  I'onrth  street  cable),  resigning  that 
])osition  in  1S,S4. 

He  reorganized  the  I'nion  Depot  I{le\ator 
Company,  and  was  its  president  until  iSS't, 
about  which  time  he  Ijecame  identified  with  the 
I'nitetl  Ivlevator  Comjjany,  and  was  a  director 
in  that  company  at  the  time  of  his  death.  In 
addition  lo  these  local  holdintrs,  he  was  a  large 
15 


owner  of  Granite  Mountain  stock  when  that  com- 
pany was  at  the  height  of  its  prosperity,  and  also 
of  Hope  mining  stock.  When  he  sold  out  his 
mining  shares  he  invested  heavily  in  water- works 
plants  at  Atchison  and  Wichita,  Kansas,  and 
Fort  Worth,  Texas.  Large  interests  in  these 
plants  will  be  in\'entoried  in  his  estate,  as  well 
as  considerable  of  the  stock  of  the  Montana  Cat- 
tle Company,  in  the  Yellowstone  country,  of 
which  he  was  president  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
His  St.  Louis  realt}-  alone  was  valued  at  nearh- 
half  a  million  dollars. 

.Mr.  Lionberger  was  the  first  president  of  the 
St.  Louis  Clearing  House,  and  a  director  of  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  Association  of  St.  Louis, 
and  a  member  of  the  building  committee  which 
supervised  the  erection  of  the  Merchants'  Ex- 
change. He  was  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of 
Trade,  and  served  it  in  man\'  honorable  and 
useful  capacities. 

Until  I'SStl,  no  amount  of  hard  work  affected 
the  robust  constitution  of  this  mercantile  and 
commercial  leader,  but  during  that  and  the  fol- 
lowing year  he  visibly  lost  strength.  In  De- 
cember, 1892,  he  suffered  a  general  nervous 
breakdown,  complicated  by  functional  derange- 
ments which  refused  to  yield  to  the  most  careful 
attention  and  medical  skill.  Diabetes  was  as- 
cribed as  the  immediate  cause  of  death. 

In  l.sr)2  ;\Ir.  Lionberger  married  Miss  Marga- 
ret M.  Clarkson,  of  Columbia.  Four  children 
sur\-i\-e  ^Ir.  Lionberger,  whose  estimable  wife 
died  in  l'SS2,  since  which  time  he  has  resided 
in  his  \'andeventer  place  home  with  his  daugh- 
ter, ^liss  Mary.  His  other  daughters  are  Mrs. 
John  I).  Da\'is  and  Mrs.  Henry  S.  Potter,  and 
his  son,  Mr.  Isaac  Lionberger,  is  also  a  resident 
of  St.  Louis. 

Several  bodies  passed  resolutions  of  respect 
f<n-  tlie  deceased,  and  the  following  extract  from 
the  miiuites  of  the  Merchants'  National  Bank 
may  be  quoted  as  but  a  sample  of  many 
others: 

WnKRiC.\.s,  Death  has  removed  from  our  board 
our  honored  fellow-member,  Mr.  John  R.  Lion- 
berger, and  has  terminated  the  ]ileasant  associ- 
ation which  we  enjoN-ed  with  him;    and, 


22(1 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOiUS. 


Whkkicas,  We  desire  to  put  on  record  tliis 
memorial  of  the  esteem  and  warm  regard  in 
which  we  lu-ld  him;   therefore,  l)e  it 

Ri'soliu'd,  That  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Merchants'  National  Bank  recognized  in  Mr. 
Ivionberger  a  man  of  exceptional  usefulness  to 
this  community.  He  was  a  man  who  loved 
business  for  the  sake  of  business,  and  not  with 
exclusive  regard  to  the  profits  accruing  from  it. 
I'-rom  such  men  are  made  merchant  princes. 
He  was  distinguished  for  his  uniform  courtesy 
and  gentlemanly  bearing,  and  for  a  kindness 
which  was  particularly  evinced  to  the  young  and 
friendless;  and,  lastly,  he  was  a  citizen  who 
promptly  responded  to  the  calls  of  public  duty, 
and  to  all  efforts  for  the  promotion  of  enter- 
prises which  redounded  to  the  benefit  of  the 
city,  and  was  always  ready  to  meet  the  demands 
of  private  charity.      Be  it  further 

Rcsa/c'cd,  That  this  board  shall  attend  the 
funeral  in  a  bod\-  as  a  mark  of  our  respect  for 
his  memory. 

West,  Tho.\i.\s  H.,  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
Trust  Company,  was  born  in  Henderson  county, 
Tennessee,  in  July,  l<S4ti,  and  is  therefore  in  the 
prime  of  a  vigorous  manhood.  His  chief  inherit- 
ance was  the  sterling  worth  of  an  ancestry  of 
strong  characters  and  courageous  energy.  His 
father,  John  West,  was  a  prominent  and  hon- 
ored citizen  of  that  locality,  and  his  mother, 
Martha  ( .\shcraft )  reared  him  in  the  principles 
of  integrity  and  generous  notions.  His  educa- 
tion was  acquired  in  his  nati\-e  State,  and  at  the 
age  of  nineteen  years  he  removed  from  Ten- 
nessee. Soon  after,  he  located  in  Louisville, 
Kentucky,  where  he  secured  a  position  in  a 
wholesale  dry  goods  house  as  traveling  salesman. 

After  an  experience  of  four  years  in  that  busi- 
ness, he  bought  an  interest  in  a  hardware  house, 
in  which  he  continued  for  about  two  years. 
About  that  time  his  father,  who  had  been  en- 
gaged in  the  cotton  business,  died,  and  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  became  his  successor.  So, 
in  1870,  he  removed  to  Mobile,  Alabama,  where 
he  continued  in  the  business  of  handling  cotton 
until    l.SSd;   having,   in    the   meantime,   opened 


a  branch  house  in  New  <  )rkaus,  lyouisiaua. 
He  was  compelled  to  lea\e  Mobile  on  account 
of  the  fe\'er  epidemic  of  l>i><li,  and  coming  to 
St.  Louis,  established  himself  in  business  in 
this  cit\'.  Branch  houses,  however,  were  con- 
tinued at  Mobile,  under  the  firm  name  of  .\llen, 
Bush  &  West,  and  in  New  ( )rleans  under  the 
name  of  Allen,  West  &.  Bush,  being  subse- 
quently incorporated  as  the  Allen-West  Com- 
mission Compau\-. 

In  October,  LSSH,  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Com- 
pany was  organized  and  incorporated,  upon  a 
capitalized  basis  of  $2, AOO, ()()(),  which  has  since 
been  increased  until  it  now  has  a  capital  of 
So, 000, 000,  and  its-  stock  selling  at  par  with 
only  fifty  per  cent  paid  in.  .\t  the  request  of 
the  directors,  Mr.  West  accepted  the  presidenc)- 
of  that  great  institution.  Since  that  time  he 
has  given  nearly  his  entire  attention  to  its 
management,  .\ssociated  with  him,  as  direct- 
ors, are  the  following  well-known  gentlemen, 
who  constitute  one  of  the  strongest  cond)inatious 
in  the  country:  John  T.  Davis,  Daniel  Catlin, 
Samuel  W.  Fordyce,  .\dolphus  Busch,  Henry 
C.  Haarstick,  William  L.  Huse,  Charles  D. 
McLnre,  Alvah  ^lausur,  Edward  S.  Rowse. 
John  A.  Scudder,  Edward  S.  Whitaker,  E.  C. 
Simmons,  E.  ().  Stanard  and  J.  C.  \'an  Blarcom. 

The  company  is  officered  as  follows:  Thomas 
H.  West,  president;  Henry  C.  Haarstick,  first 
vice-president;  Jno.  A.  Scudder,  second  \'ice- 
president;  John  D.  Fille\\  secretar\-,  and  A.  C. 
Stewart,  counsel.  John  T.  Davis,  Sr. ,  was  first 
\-ice-president  uj)  to  the  time  of  his  death. 

Such  are  the  interesting  and  leading  features 
of  an  active,  useful  life  that  is  being  rounded 
out  to  an  honorable  career  as  a  portion  of  the 
commercial  and  financial  history  of  St.  Louis. 

Bacox,  Wiluamson,  president  of  the  Tyler 
estate,  and  also  a  director  of  the  Mississippi 
\'alley  Trust  Compan\-,  is  one  of  the  reliable 
mercantile  leaders  of  St.  Louis.  For  the  last 
ten  or  twelve  vears  his  realty  interests  in  this 
city  have  been  enormous  and  he  has  so  attended 
to  them  as  to  greatly  enhance  their  value  and 
revenue  producing  qualities.      He  is  looked  upon 


nrocRAPiriCAL  appendix. 


•l-Ti 


li\-  tlie  local  coninieicial  world  as  an  exception-  cided  to  ino\'e  to  New  York,  and  in  ISii;;  ]ie 
all>-  safe  man,  and  his  advice  is  songlit  very  established  Iiiniself  as  a  coffee  trader  in  the  nie- 
freeh'  when  important  qnestions  arise  needintj  trojiolis  of  the  United  States.  His  business 
prompt  action.  Mr.  Bacon  fortnnately  com-  ,tjrew  very  rapidly,  bnt  he  .<rradually  abandoned 
bines  energy  with  conservatism,  and  hence, while  the  coffee  trade  in  fa\'or  of  stocks  and  bonds, 
he  is  alwavs  readv  to  engage  in  a  new  ventnre,  and  in  ISSO  his  bnsiness  in  this  line  became  ex- 
ile seldom  becomes  identified  with  anything  that  ceedingly  large. 

does  not  prove  exceptionalh'  profitable.  vShortly  afterwards    circnmstances    led  to  his 

Like  so  many  Missonrians,  Wx.  Bacon  claims  locating  in  St.  Louis,  an  event  of  great  impor- 

Kentncky  as  his  native  State.      His  father,  IVfr.  tance  to  the  city,  and  one  which  bnsiness  and 

Charles  P.  Bacon,  and  his  mother,  Mrs.  Caroline  real   estate   men   heralded   with   no  little  satis- 


( Castleman  )  Bacon, 
were  both  members 
of  well-known  bine- 
grass  State  families, 
and  the  snbject  of 
this  sketch  was  born 
in  Lonisville  on  No- 
\cmber  2."),  lis;!  7. 
lie  attended  the 
Lonisville  schools  for 
some  years  and  then 
entered  Shelby  Col- 
le g e  ,  Kentucky, 
where  he  received  a 
very  high-class  edn- 
cation,  which  has 
]iro\'ed  of  great  valne 
to  him  in  condncting 
the  very  inqxirtant 
financial  transac- 
tions which  have 
been  entrusted  to 
him  with  so  nuich 
confidence. 

When  twent\-three  years  of  age  Mr.  liacon 
established  himself  in  Lonisxille  as  a  wholesale 
grocer.  He  met  with  success  from  tlie  start, 
bnt  soon  realized  that  the  Kentucky  city  did 
not,  especialh-  at  that  lime,  offer  sutTicienl  in- 
ducements in  the  wa\'  of  trade  connections  and 
facilities  for  a  business  of  the  nuignitnde  he  pro-  however,  confined  his  entire  attention  to  this 
posed  conducting.  Tjke  all  sontliern  cities,  estate,  engrossing  as  its  cares  have  been.  .\s 
Louisville  suffered  from  the  uncerlaintv  caused  already  mentioned,  he  is  a  directtu-  in  tlie  Mis- 
bv  the  war,  and  bv  the  interference  with  trade  sissi])pi  \'alley  Trust  Company,  forming  a  mcm- 
froni  northern  .Slates,  b'eeliug  that  this  bin-  ber  of  one  of  the  wealthiest  aiul  uu)st  reliable 
drance  mi<rht  have  .serious  results,  .Mr.  Bacon  de-     boards  ever  elected  bv  .stockholders  in  any  cor- 


WILLIAMSON    BACON. 


faction.  In  ISlil, 
shortly  after  his  first 
entering  into  busi- 
ness, Mr.  Bacon  had 
married  Miss  Alice 
Tyler,  daughter  of 
:\Ir.  Robert  and  Mrs. 
Mary  L.  Tyler,  and 
he  thus  became  in- 
terested in  the  great 
Tyler  estate.  On  the 
death  of  Captain  Si- 
las Bent  he  was  urged 
to  take  charge  of  this 
estate,  and  he  finally 
consented  to  relin- 
(juish  his  New  York 
business  and  do  as 
desired. 

On  arri\ing  at  St. 
Ltjuis  he  organized 
the  Tyler  estate  into 
a  corporal  ion,  of 
which  he  became 
])resident.  The  wa\'  in  which  he  has  managed 
the  estate  and  conducted  the  affairs  of  the  com- 
pan\-  is  1>e\()ud  criticism;  and  among  other 
results  of  his  administration,  the  placing  on  the 
market  of  a  large  quautily  of  eligible  building 
sites  ma\'  be  s])eciaIK'  nu-ntiinied.      He  has  not. 


2-28 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


poration.  He  is  also  a  director  in  the  Crystal 
Plate  Glass  Company,  one  of  the  lar^jest  o:lass 
concerns  in  the  world,  and  in  addition  has  taken 
o;reat  interest  in  the  development  of  the  town  of 
:\Iadison,  Illinois,  being  a  director  and  large 
stockholder  in  both  the  Madison  Car  Company 
and  the  Madison  Eqnipment  Company. 

^Ir.  Bacon  is  now  in  his  fifty-seventh  year 
and  in  the  enjoyment  of  excellent  health. 
Manv  vears  of  usefnlness  are  still  before  him, 
and  in  the  development  of  vSt.  Louis  in  the 
earlv  fntnre  he  is  certain  to  take  a  very  prom- 
inent part. 

Mr.  Bacon  has  been  a  student  almost  all  his 
life.  After  leaving  college  he  continued  his 
education  for  some  years  by  private  study,  and 
he  is  an  e.Kceptionally  well-informed  man. 

Steedman,  "Dr.  I.  Ct.  W.,  is  a  native  of  South 
Carolina,  and  was  born  in  Lexington  county  of 
that  State,  in  the  year  lisaf).  High  courage, 
great  strength  of  character  and  strong  and  sound 
native  mental  faculties,  are  marked  characteris- 
tics of  Dr.  Steedman,  and  indeed  of  all  his  family 
and  ancestors.  His  high  qualities  as  a  soldier, 
citizen,  and  scholar,  have  been  righth-  inherited 
from  his  ancestors,  who,  under  General  Wash- 
ington, Hampton,  Sumter,  and  Marion,  fought 
for  and  assisted  in  establishing  the  freedom  of 
the  American  colonies.  These  ancestors  were 
of  the  best  blood  of  South  Carolina;  and  his 
immediate  li\'ing  relatives  have  all  done  their 
share  toward  maintaining  the  famih-  reputation, 
and  are  all  men  who  ha\-e  well  performed  their 
every  duty  in  life.  The  Steedman  blood  had  a 
war-like  tendency,  and  several  of  these  made 
good  records  as  soldiers. 

At  the  age  of  seventeen,  after  a  thorough 
academic  training  in  the  lower  schools,  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  in  1852  entered  the  South 
Carolina  ^Military  Academy,  on  whose  register 
the  names  of  no  less  than  six  members  of  the 
Steedman  family  are  enrolled.  Of  these  were 
Colonel  J.  M.  Steedman,  who  was  a  double  first 
cousin  to  our  subject,  who  was  a  graduate  of 
18.")4,  and  who  served  gallantly  in  the  army  of 
Xorthern  \'irginia  throughout  the  war,  esca^jing 


death  and  injury  in  battle  to  be  finally  a.ssas- 
sinated  by  negroes  at  his  home  in  Lexington. 
Captain  S.  D.  Steedman,  a  brother  of  the  Doctor, 
was  a  graduate  of  the  class  of  llS(i2,  was  adju- 
tant to  the  close  of  the  war  of  the  First  .\labama 
Regiment,  shared  two  years'  imprisonment  with 
his  brother,  is  now  a  resident  of  Texas  and  has 
recently  been  judge  of  the  Grayson  count\', 
Texas,  court.  Another  brother  was  J^ieutenant 
N.  W.  Steedman,  who  graduated  in  the  class  of 
l''^<i4,  who  was  a  lieutenant  in  the  Confederate 
service  up  to  the  close  of  the  war,  and  after 
peace  was  declared  took  up  his  residence  in 
Grayson  county,  Texas,  where  he  died  about 
1885.  Furthermore,  two  \ounger  brothers  are 
undergraduates  of  the  academy,  having  served 
a  cadetship  of  one  and  two  years,  respectively. 
Dr.  Steedman's  father,  Reuben  Steedman,  was 
born  in  Lexington,  South  Carolina;  his  mother, 
Elizabeth  Fox,  is  a  native  of  the  same  place; 
they  are  both  living  at  ripe  old  ages,  and  resi- 
dents of  Texas  for  twenty  )'ears  past. 

Ha\ing  determined  to  adojit  the  practice  of 
medicine  as  a  profession,  after  his  graduation 
from  the  vSouth  Carolina  Military  Academy,  in 
185(i,  he  entered  the  South  Carolina  Medical 
College,  at  Charleston,  where  he  took  his  first 
course.  His  next  step  was  to  go  to  New  Orleans, 
where  he  took  two  additional  courses  at  the  med- 
ical colleges  and  received  his  diploma  from  the 
Medical  Department  of  the  University  of  Louisi- 
ana. Having  graduated  in  ISyH,  he  at  once  be- 
gan the  acti\"c  practice  of  medicine  and  surgery 
in  Wilco.x  county,  Alabama,  in  the  heart  of  the 
cotton  belt.  His  practice  had  onlv  fairlv  been 
started  when  it  was  broken  up  by  the  civil  war. 

Dr.  Steedman's  sympathies  were  with  the 
South,  and  he  soon  determined  to  actively  es- 
pouse her  cause.  He  relinquished  his  practice, 
raised  a  compau\'  of  one  hundred  \-oung  men, 
and  this  was  the  beginning  of  a  most  interesting 
military  career.  Of  this  comj^any  he  was  at 
once  made  captain,  and  offering  his  services  to 
the  Confederate  army,  with  his  compan}-  was 
ordered  to  Barrancas  barracks,  on  Pensacola  Bay, 
Florida.  He  was  soon  made  colonel  of  the 
F^'irst   Regiment    Alaliama    \'olunteers,    and    as 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


229 


such  had  coniniand  of  Fort  Barrancas  during 
18(31-()2,  within  which  time  it  withstood  two 
boniluirdnients  from  I'^ort  Pickens  and  the  Fed- 
eral navy.  In  l<S(i2  the  First  Alabama  was  re- 
cruited to  its  full  strength — 1,00U  men,  and  in 
jVIarch  of  that  year  was  ordered  to  Island  No. 
I'l,  Mississippi  river,  to  support  the  left  flank 
of  the  Shiloh  army.  The  regiment  was  placed 
in  charge  of  the  heavy  batteries  on  the  river- 
banks,  where  for  six  weeks  it  withstood  a  heavy 
bombardment  froni  the  Federal  army  and  gun- 
boats, and  then  was  compelled  to  surrender. 
Colonel  Steedman,  suffering  with  a  double  pneu- 
monia, was  put  aboard  a  steamer  and  taken  to 
St.  Ivouis  and  put  in  prison  in  ^McDowell's  Col- 
lege, Gratiot  .street.  In  -May,  18()2,  he  had  so 
far  recovered  that  he  was  able  to  be  transferred 
to  the  prison  at  Camp  Chase,  near  Columbus, 
Ohio.  He  was  gi\-en  parole  to  the  limits  of 
Columbus,  and  after  a  few  months  was  sent  to 
Johnson's  Island  in  Lake  Erie,  where,  acting  on 
the  request  of  the  3,200  officers  there  imi^rLsoned, 
Dr.  Steedman  was  by  the  Federal  authorities, 
placed  in  charge  of  the  hospital  within  the 
jjrison  walls.  After  stay  of  four  months  at 
Johnson's  Island,  Colonel  vSteedman  was  ex- 
changed at  \'icksburg  in  October,  18H2.  By 
the  end  of  the  following  month  had  recruited  his 
old  regiment  to  a  thousand  men,  and  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  left  wing  of  the  fortifications 
at  Port  Hudson,  on  the  Mississippi  river,  and 
here  he  participated  in  the  midnight  bt^nbard- 
nient  that  took  place  wdien  F^arragut's  fleet  at- 
tempted to  pass  the  fortifications.  In  May, 
I'Si;;-),  the  siege  of  Port  Hudson  began,  and  con- 
tinued until  July  N,  when  the  garrison,  reduced 
b\-  death,  wounds,  sickness  and  starvation,  from 
S, ()()()  to  only  ;),0(t()  efficient  men,  surrendered  to 
;'.(!, ()()().  Colonel  Steedman,  again  taken  pris- 
oner, spent  the  Ixdance  of  the  war  in  no  less 
than  ten  Federal  ])risons.  .\s  the  I''ederal  au- 
thorities had  stopped  tlie  exchange  of  ]irisoners, 
he  was  not  releascil  until  June  2S,  lS(i.'),  at  b'ort 
Delaware.  Colonel  Steeduuin  had  then  been  in 
the  arm\  four  years  and  four  months,  two  vears 
and  a  half  of  which  he  had  s]ient  in  jiriscin. 
lie  had  iiex'er  recci\-ed  ]ea\e  of   absence  duriuii 


this  time,  and  his  protracted  imprisonment  alone 
prevented  the  promotion  which  he  deser\ed,  and 
which  he  certainly  would  ha\e  received  could 
he  have  been  exchanged. 

Although  it  was  as  a  prisoner  of  war  that  Colonel 
Steedman  got  his  first  view  of  St.  Louis,  he  was 
\'ery  favorabh'  impressed  with  the  city.  One 
factor  of  this  fa\-orable  impression  was  a  ^■oung 
lady  whom  he  first  met  while  a  prisoner.  She  was 
Miss  Dora  Harrison,daughter  of  James  Harrison, 
who  lived  opposite  the  old  jMcDowell  Medical 
College,  situated  on  the  northeast  corner  of 
Eighth  and  Gratiot  streets,  and  which  had  been 
turned  into  a  military  prison.  Miss  Harrison 
and  family  administered  to  the  wants  of  the 
prisoners  then  confined  in  the  old  college.  After 
his  final  parole  from  Fort  Delaware  he  again 
visited  St.  Louis  a  free  man,  and  inOctober,  1865, 
he  and  Miss  Harrison  were  married.  He  then 
determined  to  make  St.  Louis  his  home,  and 
here  in  LSiii;  he  again  assumed*citizenship  and 
resumed  the  practice  of  medicine.  In  this  he 
was  successful.  In  1880  he  concluded  to  retire 
from  practice  and  devote  his  time  to  his  growing 
business  investments.  In  order  to  more  readily 
break  away  from  his  practice,  he  and  his  family 
visited  Europe,  remaining  abroad  a  year,  put- 
ting his  three  young  sons  in  school  in  Paris. 

vSince  his  return  in  1881  he  has  devoted  much 
of  his  time  to  business  in\estments,  and  he  is  a 
busy  man  of  affairs,  and  as  stockholder,  director, 
or  officer,  he  is  interested  in  a  number  of  business 
enterprises.  ( )ne  thing  to  which  he  devotes 
special  stud\-  '  is  the  de\-elopment  of  electric 
traction  and  locomotion,  which  he  wiselv  con- 
siders pregnant  with  great  possibilities.  Not- 
withstanding his  other  duties,  the  Doctor  finds 
much  time  to  devote  to  scientific  research,  and 
has  never  cea.sed  to  be  an  enthusiastic  student. 
He  has  a  taste  for  the  natural  sciences,  and  has 
an  eight-inch  reflecting  telescope  mounted  on 
top  of  his  residence.  He  takes  a  deep  interest 
in  the  work  of  the  Missouri  Fish  Commission, 
and  was  its  chairman  for  eight  years,  but  resigned 
in  188i».  Tlie  breadth  and  liberality  of  his  mind 
are  constantly  exhibited,  and  in  no  more  strik- 
ing   niaiiuer   liuiu    the    friindsjiip  he  has  nuuii- 


230 


( ?/./?  AND  NE IV  ST.   I.Ol  VS. 


fested  ill  liijj;lier  education.  He  has  shown  this 
belief  practically  by  the  excellent  mamial  train- 
ing and  university  education  he  has  given  to 
his  three  sons.  Although  he  has  given  up 
active  practice  he  is  a  ineinl^er  of  several  of  the 
medical  societies  and  keeps  in  constant  touch 
with  the  advance  of  medical  science.  And 
finally,  it  may  with  truth  be  said  of  Dr.  Steed- 
man  that  as  a  soldier  his  career  has  been  dis- 
tinguished by  courage;  that  as  a  physician  he 
was  skillful;  that  as  a  citizen  he  is  a  benefactor 
of  his  fellow-men;  as  a  scholar  his  learning  is 
profound;  the  whole  crowned  with  the  fruitage 
of  lionorable  success  in  life. 

Williams,  Eugene  F.,  the  vice-president  of 
the  Hamilton-Brown  Shoe  Company,  has  a  rec- 
ord that  is  an  encouragement  to  any  aspiring 
young  man  wlio  means  to  win  success  in  busi- 
ness pursuits,  and  a  biography  which,  although 
brief,  may  be  read  with  profit,  showing,  as  it 
does,  what  pluck,  industry  and  brains  will  ac- 
complish. Mr.  Williams  started  out  on  his 
commercial  career  as  a  clerk  in  a  store  carrying 
a  stock  of  general  merchandise,  at  Savannah, 
Tennessee,  at  the  munificent  salary  of  fifty  dol- 
lars per  year,  or  less  than  a  dollar  per  week. 
Although  the  salarv  was  so  small,  he  did  his 
work  as  well  and  faithfully  as  though  he  were 
receiving  the  best  of  wages.  In  fact,  he  did  his 
best;  and  that  inclination  and  power  to  apply 
all  his  energies  to  the  accomplishment  of  every 
enterprise  he  undertakes,  is  the  ke^■-note  of  his 
success. 

Mr.  Williams  is  the  son  of  Benjamin  F.  and 
Mary  F.  (Garner)  Williams,  and  was  born  in 
Lowden  county,  Mississippi,  April  6,  1851.  He 
received  a  public  school  education  from  the 
school  at  Siloam,  Mississippi,  and  at  sixteen 
years  of  age  accepted  the  situation  above  men- 
tioned in  the  store  at  Savannah,  Tennessee. 
Here  he  remained  just  a  year,  and  then  con- 
cluded that  his  services  were  worth  morethan  one 
dollar  per  week,  and  he  accordingly  resigned  his 
position  and  returned  to  Lowden  county,  Mis- 
sissippi, where  he  secured  a  clerkship  in  a  drv 
goods  store.      Here  he  remained  for  three  years, 


applying  himself  assiduously  to  the  wt)rk  of 
gaining  the  mercantile  experience  he  so  much 
needed.  Ambition,  as  well  as  industry,  was 
always  one  of  his  marked  characteristics,  and  at 
the  end  of  the  three  \'ears  he  determined  to  seek 
a  wider  field  of  lal)or.  He  accordingly  came  to 
St.  Louis.  The  first  position  he  secured  was 
with  Hamilton  S:  Brown,  which  then  (about 
1S72  )  was  comparativeh'  small,  and  had  not  at- 
tained the  present  immense  proportions  of  its 
successor,  as  one  of  the  largest  shoe  manufact- 
uring concerns  in  the  world.  Their  ability  to 
properly  estimate  men,  as  well  as  measures,  has 
been  a  large  element  of  Hamilton  &  Brown's  suc- 
cess, and  as  they  shrewdly  saw  at  once  the  young 
Mississippian's  commercial  worth,  the}'  gave 
him  a  line  of  samples  and  sent  him  out  on  the 
road. 

Almost  the  first  trip  demonstrated  that  his 
employers  had  not  been  mistaken  in  their  esti- 
mate of  him.  Possessed  of  an  excellent  address 
and  an  affable  manner,  he  showed  himself  admi- 
rably adapted  to  this  line  of  business,  and  during 
the  time  he  was  on  the  road  succeeded  in  greath' 
extending  the  connections  of  the  house.  In 
fact,  he  proved  himself  of  such  marked  value  to 
the  house,  that  after  four  years'  service  on  the 
road  he  was  admitted  to  an  interest  in  the  firm, 
which  then  became  Hamilton, Brown  iSiCompany. 
In  December,  ISS;^),  it  was  incorporated  as  the 
Hamilton-Brown  Shoe  Company,  and  Mr.  Will- 
iam.? was  elected  vice-president.  Considering 
his  }'outh,  this  action  was  a  compliment  of  a 
high  order  to  his  al)ilities,  and  without  prece- 
dent in  tlie  wholesale  shoe  trade  of  the  cit\',  but 
it  was  a  step  that  the  firm  has  never  found  rea- 
son to  regret,  for  the  other  members  of  the  liouse 
take  pleasure  acknowledging  that  his  connec- 
tion was  cjuite  an  acquisition  to  the  I)usiness, 
and  that  the  standing  and  success  of  the  house 
to-day  is  largely  due  to  his  industry  and  keen 
business  ability. 

Although  young  in  years,  his  judgment  and 
powers  are  fully  matured,  and  he  is  to-day  a 
man  of  high  standing  and  influence  in  the  com- 
munit\',  and  a  man  who  is  looked  upon  with 
respect,   and    wdiose    word   has  weight   anci   an- 


I 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


231 


tliority.  Such  men  are  in  great  demand  on 
the  directory  of  various  companies  and  other 
organizations.  Besides  being  vice-president  of 
the  Hamihon-Brown  Shoe  Compau}-,  he  is  vice- 
president  of  the  National  Bank  of  the  Republic, 
and  a  director  in  several  other  mercantile  com- 
jianies.  He  has  taken  a  deep  and  acti\'e  inter- 
est in  advertising  St.  Louis,  and  his  good  work 
was  recently  recognized  by  his  election  as  a 
member  of  the  Commercial  Club.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  ^Mercantile  Club,  and  of  the  ?kl., 
K.  &  E.  R.  R.,  as  well  as  vice-president  and 
treasurer  of  the  Pitchfork  Land  and  Cattle  Com- 
pany. He  is  also  a  member  of  the  transporta- 
tion committee  of  the  i\Iercantile  Club,  and  of 
the  governing  board  of  the  Jockey  Club.  Al- 
though he  has  been  off  the  road  for  a  long  time 
he  is  still  ver\'  popular  among  tlie  members  of 
the  Western  Commercial  Travelers'  Association, 
of  which  organization  he  is  still  a  member. 

On  the  22d  day  of  December,  1880,  Mr. 
Williams  was  married  to  Aliss  Georgia  O'Neal, 
daughter  of  (ex-Governor)  E.  A.  O'Neal,  a 
handsome  and  very  popular  young  lady  of 
Florence,  Alabama. 

W^OLKF,  Edward  Bate-S. — A youngman gifted 
both  bv  nature  and  education  as  a  successor  of 
his  able  father,  and  am])l\'  qualified  to  carr\' 
forward  to  a  still  higher  plane  of  success  the 
business  established  Ijy  the  latter,  is  Edward 
Bates  Wolff,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm  of 
M.  A.  Wolff  ,;\:  Company.  He  is  a  native  of 
St.  Louis,  where  he  was  born  September  (i, 
18;j().  Through  his  grandfather  on  his  father's 
side  he  is  of  Polish  origin,  as  the  former  was 
descended  from  a  Polish  family  which  came 
from  England  to  the  United  States  at  an  early 
dav.  His  grandmother  on  the  same  side  of  the 
house  l)ore  the  name  of  Franklin,  and  was  a  de- 
scendant of  the  great  jihilosopher  of  that  tuxme. 

In  I'Sf:^  the  grandfather,  with  his  family,  came 
by  boat  from  Louisville,  Kentucky,  to  St.  Lonis. 
Marcus  .\.  Wolff,  the  father  of  the  subject  of 
this  biography,  being  at  that  time  eleven  years 
old.  The  name  of  Marc\is  .\.  Wolff  is  inex- 
IricabU-  woven    into    the    histor\-  of    .St.    I^onis, 


where  he  struggled  against  poverty  and  un- 
toward circumstances,  and  won  a  success  that 
made  him  conspicuous  as  one  of  the  able  men 
of  the  metropolis.  Especially  is  his  name  iden- 
tified with  the  history  of  the  real  estate  business 
of  the  citv,  in  which  line  he  must  be  considered 
one  of  the  most  advanced  pioneers.  He  was 
whollv  a  self-made  man,  and  one  of  the  noblest 
specimens  of  that  type  which  has  played  such  a 
conspicuous  part  in  the  development  of  Amer- 
ica. Of  his  marriage  in  l.S')2  to  Miss  Eliza  J. 
Curtis,  several  children  were  born,  of  whom 
Edward  B.  is  the  second. 

Edward  began  his  education  in  the  public 
schools,  finishing  his  common  school  education 
at  the  High  School  in  1873,  his  next  educational 
step  being  to  enter  Washington  University, 
from  where  lie  graduated  with  honor  in  1^7;"). 
While  still  a  student  in  the  university  he 
reached  the  conclusion  that  his  tastes  inclined 
him  to  the  law,  and  as  a  result  soon  after  his  gradu- 
ation he  began  the  study  of  law  at  the  St.  Louis 
Law  School,  from  which  he  received  his  diploma 
in  1880.  After  his  admission  to  the  bar  he 
began  practice,  and  during  the  five  or  six  years 
which  followed  he  succeeded  in  establishing  an 
enviable  reputation  as  an  able  and  successful 
}-oung  attorney.  He  first  formed  a  partnership 
with  that  celebrated  attorney  and  orator  Britton 
A.  Hill.  Upon  the  dissolution  of  this  firm,  Mr. 
Wolff  formed  a  partnership  with  Frank  J.  Bow- 
nuiu,  and  subsequently  entered  into  a  like 
arrangement  with  John  ()'(irady,  the  well- 
known  railroad  attorney,  this  partnership  ct)n- 
tinuing  up  to  ISS.'). 

In  1S8."),  on  account  of  failing  health,  his  father 
was  compelled  to  retire,  and  Edward  reluctantly 
gave  up  his  law  practice  and  assumed  charge  of 
the  real  estate  business,  occupying  the  position 
of  ])artner,  but  ha\ing  full  charge  of  all  the 
details  of  the  business.  Shortly  after  he  assumed 
charge,  the  younger  brother,  George  P.,  was 
taken  into  the  firm,  continuing  a  partner  until 
the  spring  of  b'^i'l,  wlieu  he  withdrew,  only  to 
again  t)e  taken  into  the  firm  Janiuiry  1,  1.S!^I2. 
On  July  14,  ISiM,  the  father,  M.  A.  Wolf,  died, 
and  aUhough  the  l)usiness  is  still  run  under  the 


232 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


old  name  of  M.  A.  Wolff  &  Company,  the  firm 
consists  of  the  two  sons,  Edward  B.  and  George 
P.  Wolff. 

In  the  real  estate  line  the  honse  formed  by 
M.  A.  Wolff  in  is:)9,  and  carried  on  by  his  two 
sons  to-day,  is  considered  the  first  in  the  city, 
and  possesses  a  record  for  years  of  square  and 
honorable  dealing  that  inspires  public  confidence 
and  is  the  main  element  of  its  success.  It  takes 
a  small  army  of  clerks,  etc.,  to  transact  the 
large  business  of  the  house,  which,  beyond 
doubt,  employs  a  larger  oflfice  force  than  any 
other  real  estate  company  in  St.  Louis.  Acting 
as  agents  only,  and  never,  under  any  circum- 
stances, allowing  themselves  to  be  misled  into 
speculation,  yet  realizing  that  their  growth  and 
prosperity  depended  on  that  of  the  city,  the  ex- 
tension of  the  business  has  been  constant  and 
unbroken.  The  aggregate  sales  of  the  half  year 
ending  June  iJO,  1892,  amounted  to  the  magnifi- 
cent sum  of  $700,000,  while  their  rental  busi- 
ness is,  beyond  doubt,  the  largest  in  the  city, 
they  having  over  ;5,000  tenants. 

Mr.  Wolff  does  not  by  any  means  devote  his 
entire  attention  to  the  dry  details  of  business. 
He  is  of  social  inclinations,  and  is  a  member  of 
the  ^lercantile,  St.  Louis  and  Jockey  clubs, 
and  was  a  member  of  the  Elks  before  the  dis- 
bandment  of  that  order.  Like  his  father,  whom 
he  greatly  resembles,  he  is  active,  patient,  ener- 
getic, kiud,  courteous  aud  generous  in  all  rela- 
tions of  life,  by  virtue  of  which  he  has  won  a 
high  place  in  the  regard  of  both  the  business  and 
social  worlds.  Likewise  a  man  of  taste,  a  pa- 
tron of  the  arts,  he  owns  oil  portraits  painted 
from  life  of  all  the  mayors  who  ha\-e  ever  held 
that  office  in  St.  Louis,  a  collection  as  unique 
as  it  is  valuable. 

This  portrait  gallery  is  one  of  the  most  inter- 
esting and  valuable  in  the  West,  and  besides 
possessing  great  local  interest,  it  is  looked  upon 
as  well  worthy  a  visit  by  people  who  are  only 
making  a  short  stay  in  the  city.  The  collection 
is  of  course  without  a  duplicate,  and  both  the 
present  owner  and  his  father  have  done  a  good 
service  to  the  city,  and  to  history  generally,  by 
making  and  preserving  it.      In  many  other  wa^•s 


Mr.  Wolff  has  given   evidence  of  a  very  keen 
artistic  taste. 

Mr.  Wolff  was  married  in  1887  to  Miss  Gail 
Yourtee,  of  Cincinnati.  They  have  one  child 
living — a  little  girl  called  Gladys. 

Cook,  Erancls  Edmistox,  son  of  A.  H.  and 
Ada  (  Edmiston )  Cook,  was  born  in  Houston, 
Texas,  September,  1845,  just  three  months  be- 
fore the  Lone  Star  State  was  admitted  to  the 
I'^nion.  His  parents  were  both  natives  of  Ohio. 
On  his  father's  side  ;\Ir.  Cook  is  of  direct  En- 
glish descent,  his  grandfather  having  been  1jorn 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  in  the  British  Channel. 
His  mother's  family  has  resided  for  many  years 
in  Delaware,  her  ancestors  having  been  among 
the  earliest  settlers  of  that  State. 

When  Francis  was  a  few  months  old,  his  pa- 
rents returned  to  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools.  After  some 
careful  study,  he  entered  the  Seventh  District 
School  and  graduated  with  honors  in  18.")S.  He 
then  entered  the  Fourth  Intermediate  School, 
and  after  a  year's  course  came  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  entered  the  Fraukliu  School  and  grad- 
uated to  the  High  in  18(51.  After  a  year  in  the 
High  School  he  entered  the  Illinois  State  Normal 
University  at  Bloomington,  wheuce  in  18t)o  he 
returned  to  the  St.  Louis  High  School  and  grad- 
uated in  IISIJ^. 

Young  Mr.  Cook  had  developed  such  a  desire 
for  learning  and  such  an  aptitude  for  acquiring 
information  that  he  decided  to  persevere  in  his 
studies  and  make  himself  thoroughly  proficient 
in  e\-ery  branch.  He  accordingly  entered  the 
Philips  Academy  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire, 
whence  he  entered  Williams  College,  Alassachu- 
setts,  graduating  therefrom  in  the  year  18()8. 
In  I'SC!)  Professor  Cook  returned  to  St.  Louis, 
and  was  appointed  principal  of  the  Webster 
vSchool. 

In  1870  he  organized  the  Douglas  School,  of 
which  he  was  appointed  principal.  In  1871  he 
was  promoted  to  the  head  of  the  branch  High 
School,  of  wdiich  he  was  principal  for  fourteen 
years.  In  1885  he  was  transferred  to  the  Carr 
Lane  School,  and  in  l!^87   he  became   jirincipal 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


233 


of  the  Wayniau  Crow  School,  a  positicm  he  still  able    to  follow  the  careful   lines  of  thought  so 

occupies.     jNIr.  Cook  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  ably  outlined  by  the  talented  teacher  and  writer, 

best  teachers  in  the  splendid  corps  of  tutors  now  Mr.  Cook  is  au  excellent  public  speaker  and 

to   be  found   in   St.  Louis.      He  is  exceedingly  debater.      He   is  blessed  with  an  exceptionally 

popular  among  the  pujjils  and  is  gi\'ing  tlieui  a  pleasant  voice  and  good  delivery,  and  his  recita- 

great    deal  of   tuition  outside  of  the  course  of  tions  are  deservedly  popular  in  all  circles.     Mr. 

study  and  routine  work  of  the  school.  Cook    is  one  of    the  vice-presidents  of  the  St. 

In  1871  Professor  Cook  was  elected   president  Louis  Writers'  Club,  and  is  one  of  the  most  iu- 

of  the  Teachers'  Association  of  St.  Louis,  and  he  fluential  and  valuable  members  of  that  body, 

presided  over  that  body  with  dignity  and  abilit^■  He  married  in  December,  1871,    Miss  Anna 

for  one  year.     He  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Alexander,  a  graduate  of  the  High  and  Normal 


Teachers'  Mutual 
.\id  Association,  of 
which  he  was  pres- 
ident for  upwards  of 
ten  years,  and  he 
was  the  first  pres- 
ident of  the  ,S  t. 
Lmiis  Si)ciet\' of  Ped- 
agogy, occupying 
the  same  position 
again  nuuu-  ^•ears 
later.  He  was  also 
one  of  the  founders 
and  first  editors  of 
the  ]\'cstcni  Maoa- 
3  1  nc ^  a  mo  u  t  li  1  \ 
]iublication  of  much 
interest,  and  he  was 
also  ai)]K)iuted  a 
member  of  the  fac- 
ulty of  the  State 
Training  School.  He 
now  represents  the 
I{i"hlh    Con  "re  s- 


FRANCIS  EOniSTON  COOK. 


schools  of  this  citv. 
He  has  three  chil- 
dren, theoldest,  Miss 
Stella,  a  very  tal- 
ented young  lad\', 
now  in  the  senior 
class  of  the  High 
School;  and  Robert 
and  Frank,  aged  re- 
spectively sixteen 
and  thirteen,  both  of 
whom  are  attending 
school. 

In  the  historical 
section  of  this  work 
reference  is  made 
to  the  record  made 
by  St.  Louis  Public 
School  teachers,  and 
more  particularly  by 
graduates  f  i-  o  m 
the  High  and  Nor- 
mal schools.       Prof. 


Cook  is    an   admira- 

sional  District  on  the  Kducalional  Committee  oi  blc  illustration  of  the  fact  that  St.  Louis  ranks 
the  vState  of  Missouii,  ha\-ing  been  appointed  to  high  in  the  extveuie  as  au  educational  center, 
the  position   bv  the  go\'ernor. 


Mr.  Cook's  writings  ha\e  earned  for  him  a 
high  reputation  outside  the  city  which  has  for 
so  nuuu-  years  claimed  him  as  one  of  its  hon- 
ored and  learned  citizens.      He  has  contributed 


W'ATivkiioisi':,  vSvi.vK.sTisU,  a  son  of  vSamnel 
H.  and  Dolla  (  Kingman  )  Waterhouse,  was  born 
in  Piarringlon,  \\w  Hampshire,  September  la, 
18;)().      In  earh-  bo\liood   he  showed  a  marked 


to  a  large  number  of    magazines    rei)re.senling  aptitude  for  mechanical  pursuits.      His  ]-)arcnts, 

modern   thought,  and    although    his    work  has  recognizing  his  ingenuit\-,    intended  to  educate 

been  too  philosophical  and  thoughtlul  to  become  him   for  the  profession  of  architect  or  engineer, 

popular  among  the  masses,  it   is  highly  appre-  but  the  loss  of  his  right  leg  bv  accident,   which 

ciated  by  the  best  judges  and  by  those  who  are  occurred  May  •!,  1840,  changed  the  whole  course 


234 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OCJS. 


(it  liis  life.  IMnsicalK-  disiiualifR-d  1)\-  liis  mis- 
fortune for  the  career  lo  wliicli  his  natural  tastes 
so  strong]}'  inclined  liiin,  lie  was  constrained  to 
choose  a  vocation  which  required  less  l)odily 
activit>'.  lie  was  fitted  f(M-  college  at  Phillips 
Exeter  Acadenn-,  from  which  he  graduated  with 
honor  in  1S.')().  The  debating  society  of  this 
institution  is  an  important  element  in  its  student 
life.  On  the  rolls  of  the  "  (iolden  Branch,"  are 
the  names  of  many  who,  in  maturer  years, 
attained  eminence  in  almost  every  sphere  of 
intellectual  activity.  Mr.  Waterhouse  was  hon- 
ored with  the  presidency  of  this  society,  and  at 
the  close  of  his  academic  course  was  chosen  the 
"orator"  of  the  Golden  Branch  at  its  annual 
pn1)lic  exhibition. 

In  the  spring  of  11S.')1  he  entered  Dartmouth 
College,  but  preferring  Harvard,  went  in  the 
fall  of  the  same  year  to  Cambridge  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  university  without  conditions. 
While  proficient  in  general  scliolarship,  he 
especially  devoted  himself  to  the  study  of  the 
classics,  and  took  a  prize  for  the  composition  of 
Greek  prose.  He  graduated  with  distinction  in 
1S.')8.  In  I'S.").')  he  finished  his  professional 
stud\"  at  the  Harvard  I^aw  School,  and  in  the 
same  year  was  appointed  professor  of  the  Latin 
languages  and  literature  in  Antiocli  College, 
Yellow  Springs,  Ohio.  In  1857  Professor  Wa- 
terhouse accepted  a  position  in  Washington 
University,  St.  Louis,  where  he  has  just  com- 
pleted thirty-seven  years  of  professional  service. 
This  department  is  Greek.  He  entered  the 
university  a  few  mouths  after  its  formal  inaugu- 
ration, and  has  served  it  longer  than  an\-  other 
member  of  its  faculty. 

During  the  ci\-il  war  all  the  energies  of  his 
nature  were  enlisted  in  the  cause  of  his  country. 
Believing  that  a  maintenance  of  their  unity  was 
essential  to  the  prosperity  of  the  United  States, 
he  was  profoundly  anxious  for  the  preservation 
of  the  Union.  Though  unable  to  join  the  army, 
he  was  yet  an  active  soldier.  But  the  scene  of 
his  service  was  the  study,  not  the  field;  and  his 
writings  in  defense  of  the  Union  were  very  vo- 
luminous. 

Professor  Waterhouse  has  always  felt  a  deep 


interest  in  the  iudnsti'ial  dex'elnpmenl  of  the 
West,  and  has  actively  co-operated  with  the 
State  Board  of  Immigration  in  its  endeavors  to 
make  known  the  resources  of  Missouri.  He  was 
a  meiuber  of  the  Mississippi  River  Impnn'cment 
Cou\-ention  which  was  held  in  vSt.  Louis,  Feb- 
ruary IH,  I'S()7;  and  in  the  same  year  he  was 
tendered  by  Governor  Pletcher  the  office  of  as- 
sistant superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of 
Missouri,  but  he  declined  the  appointment.  In 
February,  IMiS,  three  of  his  ex-pu])ils  ga\'e 
$25, (.)()()  to  Washington  l'ui\-ersity,  the  income 
to  be  applied,  sul)ject  to  the  discretion  of  the 
directors,  to  the  universit}'  jirofessorship  of 
Greek,  in  grateful  recognition  of  his  former 
pupils  of  the  fidelity,  learning  and  abilit)  with 
which  the  present  incumbent  of  that  chair  has 
for  \-ears  past  discharged   his  duties. 

In  I'STl  Professor  Waterhouse  was  api)ninled, 
by  Governor  Bi^own,  a  member  of  the  State  Bu- 
reau of  Geology  and  Mines,  and  in  the  follow- 
ing year  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  vSt. 
Louis  Board  of  Trade.  In  1.S72— Til  he  made  a 
tour  around  the  world.  In  eighteen  months  he 
traveled  about  forty  thousand  miles. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  National  Railroad 
Convention  which  met  in  .St.  Louis  in  1.S75,  and 
of  the  IMississippi  River  Improvement  Conven- 
tion which  was  held  at  St.  Paul  in  1^77.  The 
executive  committee  of  the  latter  body  entrusted 
him  with  the  responsible  task  of  preparing  the 
"Memorial  to  Congress."  This  address  was  a 
powerful  appeal  in  behalf  of  the  commercial 
interest  of  the  West,  and  it  is  generalh-  C()n- 
ceded  that  its  unanswerable  arguments  influ- 
enced Congress,  and  were  the  cause  of  larger 
appropriations  for  the  improvement  of  the  river. 

He  was  appointed  United  States  Commis- 
sioner to  the  Paris  Exposition  of  187S,  and  the 
World's  F'air  which  it  was  proposed  to  hold  in 
Xew  York  in  18SH.  In  ISM;}  he  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Cotton  Planters'  Con\-ention  at 
\'icksburg,  Mississippi,  and  in  1S.S4  he  was  an 
honorary  commissioner  to  the  World's  Fair  at 
New  Orleans.  In  1885  he  was  appointed  com- 
missioner from  Missouri  to  the  American  Expo- 
sition which  was  held   in   London   in    bS.S7;   in 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


235 


l.SSt;  he  was  elected  l)y  the  executi\-e  council  of 
New  York  secretar\'  of  the  National  American 
Tariff  League  for  the  State  of  ^lissouri,  and  he 
was  chosen  a  member  of  the  Nicaragua  Canal 
Convention  which  was  hekl  in  St.  Louis,  June 
2,  1.S92. 

His  fidelit}-  to  the  university  permitted  him  to 
neglect  no  professional  duty.  Only  the  spare 
hours  which  his  official  functions  did  not  require 
were  given  to  the  study  of  economic  issues. 
Tlie  concentration  of  purpose  which  is  one  of 
his  distinctive  traits  could  hardh-  fail  to  win 
success.  For  more  than  a  generation  his  ener- 
gies have  been  devoted  with  quiet  persistence  to 
educational  work.  In  the  development  of  a 
humble  school  into  a  great  universit\',  his  in- 
fluence has  been  felt,  not  onl\-  in  the  advance- 
ment of  sound  classic  learning,  but  also  in  the 
promotion  of  public  friendliness  to  the  institu- 
tion and  in  the  increase  of  its  endtiwuients. 
Several  departments  of  the  universitv  have  been 
enriched  by  gifts  which  it  is  believed  his  sug- 
gestions prompted.  The  literary  honors  which 
have  been  conferred  upon  him  are  deserved  rec- 
ognitions of  his  reputation  as  a  scholar  and  of 
his  skill  as  an  educator.  In  ISX;-?  he  received 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  from  the  State  University 
of  Missouri,  and  in  l.S,S4  the  degree  of  Ph.D. 
from  Dartnujuth  College. 

Professor  Waterhouse  is  an  acknowledged 
authority  in  his  s])ecialties.  The  (Government 
has  often  employed  his  services.  This  recogni- 
tion of  their  value  is  oulv  an  official  confirma- 
tion of  the  ])opular  judgment.  In  the  discus- 
sions which  Ikuc  closeh'  connected  his  name 
with  many  great  enterprises,  he  has  alwaNS 
shown  the  effectiveness  of  thorough  investiga- 
tion. In  his  fondness  for  accurac^■  he  has  never 
mistaken  scholarship  for  an  end,  instead  of  a 
means.  With  a  positive  distaste  for  verbal  con- 
troversies and  theoretical  s])eculations,  he  has 
always  sought   to  accomplish   useful   objects. 

The  following  passage,  so  full  of  just  and 
appreciative  criticism,  is  ([noted  from  a  sketch 
by  Dr.  Morgan: 

"Professor  Syhester  WatiTliouse  is  confess- 
edlv  one  of  owx    most    arduous    and    successful 


brain-workers,  and  the  service  rendered  b\-  him 
to  the  citv  of  his  adoption  are  inadef[uatelv 
represented  by  a  list  of  his  writings,  or  by  an 
enumeration  of  the  positions  of  honor  and  trust 
which  he  has  been  invited  to  fill.  It  may,  in 
all  sincerit^",  be  said  that  his  many  acquaint- 
ances consider  him  equal  to  any  responsibilities 
which  he  might  choose  to  assume,  and  show  by 
experience  that  when  Professor  Waterhouse  has 
felt  at  liberty  to  serve  on  various  commissions  he 
has  certainly  proved  his  ability  to  bring  to  such 
tasks  rare  qualifications.  Apart  from  an  unusu- 
ally clear  and  analytical  mind  and  a  connuand 
of  language  which  enables  him  to  express  con- 
ciseh'  and  Incidh-  an}'  conclusions  at  which  he 
may  ha\e  arrived.  Professor  Waterhouse  has 
an  uncommon  share  of  that  intellectual  integ- 
rit\'  which  constitutes  the  chief  grace  of  excep- 
tional men." 

The  writings  of  Professor  Waterhouse  have 
been  numerous  and  varied.  He  has  chiefly  dis- 
cussed industrial  questions.  The  extension  of 
western  railroads,  the  improvement  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi ri\-er,  the  establishment  of  local  iron 
works,  the  naturalization  of  jute  and  ramie, 
the  development  of  the  resources  of  ^Missouri, 
the  advantages  of  skilled  labor,  the  national 
need  of  a  nav\'  and  of  the  construction  of  the 
Nicaragua  Canal,  are  some  of  the  topics  which 
have  occupied  his  versatile  pen.  His  writings 
ha\'e  been  receix'ed  with  gratif\ing  proofs  of 
public  favor.  All  of  his  formal  productions 
have  been  republished,  and  the  circulation  of 
some  of  his  articles  has  reached  an  aggregate  of 
several  hundred  thousand  co])ies.  The  success 
of  nuxny  public  enterprises  is  parth'  due  to  the 
influence  of  his  writings. 

Professor  Waterhouse  has  sjient  years  of  labor 
in  efforts  to  promote  .\merican  prosperity.  The 
nioti\e  of  his  work  has  not  been  mercenary; 
with  the  exception  of  pav  for  services  rendered 
the  ( Toxernment,  no  compensation  lor  an\'  of 
these  productions  has  ever  been  accepted.  Such 
an  instance  of  public  sjiirit  is  worthy  of  unre- 
ser\e<l  praise,  and  is  an  example  of  noble 
unselfishness. 

In    ISflT    Professor  Waterhouse    was    thrown 


236 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


from  a  carriaj^c  ami  baill\-  liurl.  Since  thai 
time  lie  has  never  been  tree  frmn  pain.  Tin- 
spinal  injury  was  more  serious  than  that  which 
caused  his  lameness.  The  result  of  the  earlier 
accident  was  the  loss  of  a  iiuil);  the  effect  of  the 
later  injury  is  incessant  suffering,  which  bodily 
or  mental  exertion  only  intensifies,  louder  con- 
ditions so  unfavorable  to  literary  effort,  most 
men  would  luu'e  abstained  from  all  av'oidable 
labor;  but  thou<;h  the  inevitable  penalty  of  in- 
dustry has  been  increased  distress,  the  restless 
energy  of  Professor  Waterhouse  would  not  allow 
him  to  be  idle. 

The  writings  of  Professor  Waterhouse  have 
been  so  numerous  that  we  can  only  mention 
some  of  the  most  im])ortant.  These  include 
a  series  of  articles  on  the  cause  of  the  Crimean 
war,  entitled,  "The  Protector  of  the  Holy 
Places,"  (written  at  Harvard  in  1S.S4);  "The 
Statesmanship  of  Washington,"  (  bSfil  );  "The 
Danger  of  Disruption  of  the  Union,  and  the  Ne- 
cessity of  a  P'ree  Mississippi,"  (PSfi;!);  "  His- 
toric Illustrations  of  the  P'ffects  of  Disunion," 
( 1  «()4 ) ;  "  The  Financial  Value  of  Idea, ' '  (  PStJT  ) ; 
"The  Resources  of  Missouri,"  (1«<)7);  "St. 
Louis  the  p-uture  Capital  of  the  United  States," 
(DeBow's  Review,  INIIS);  "The  Natural  .\da])- 
tation  of  St.  Louis  to  Iron  Manufacturers," 
(pamphlet,  IXfJil);  "Letter  to  (Toveruor  P>.  (i. 
Brown  on  Skilled  Labor,"  (b'^TO);  "Letter  to 
Hon.  (ieorge  Boutwell,  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ur\-,  on  the  Location  of  the  Post-Office  in  St. 
Louis,"  (1<S72);  "The  Advantages  of  Skilled 
Labor,"  (1872);  "A  Speech  in  Acknowledg- 
ment of  the  (lift  of  a  Gold  Watch  and  Chain  by 
the  St.  Louis  Board  of  Trade,"  (1872);  "Lect- 
ures on  Personal  Travels  in  Japan,"  (  1874); 
"The  Culture  of  Jute,"  (187(i);  "Sketch  of 
John  P.  Collier,"  (1877);  "Memorial  to  Con- 
gress," (prepared  for  the  Mississi])])i  Improve- 
ment Convention  at  St.  Paul,  1^77);  "Com- 
mercial Suggestions  of  the  Paris  Exposition," 
(1879);  "A  Sketch  of  St.  Louis,"  (Census  of 
Social  Statistics,  18SK));  "A  Tribute  to  Harvard 
University,",  (in  response  to  an  invitation  to 
attend  a  meeting  of  the  Chicago  Har\ard  Chd), 
188;-5);   "  Remarks  on  the   Hundredth  Auniver- 


sar\-  of  the  Phillips-Ivxeter  Acadeuu,"  (  ])aui- 
phlet,  I'SS;;  I;  "An  Address  to  the  National  Cotton 
Planters"  Convention  at  \'icksl)urg,Mississii)pi," 
(report  of  ]3roceedings,  l.S8.>);  "  ChajHers  on 
the  Pearly  History  of  St.  Louis,"  (in  Scharff's 
History,  188;{);  "The  Parks  of  NewVork  City," 
(  written  at  the  request  of  Hon.  Luther  R.  Marsh, 
chief  of  the  New  York  Park  Commission,  re- 
port, PSl^l);  "Tile  Industrial  Re\i\-al  of  Mex- 
ico," (translated  into  Spanish,  18.S4);  ".\d- 
dress  to  the  International  Association  of  P'airs 
and  Expositions,  St.  Louis,"  (18S4);  "Address 
to  the  First  National  Convention  of  Cattlemen, 
St.  Louis,"  ( 1884  );  "The  Necessity  of  Diversifi- 
cation of  Southern  Industries,"  (  18,S.'));  "Causes 
of  Financial  Depression,"  (188,'));  "  Letter  on 
the  American  I'air  in  London,"  (188.'));  "Ad- 
dress to  the  St.  Louis  Harvard  Club,"  (  in  coui- 
meinoratiou  of  the  2')<itli  anniversary  of  Har- 
vard Universitv,  ISSC);  "Historical  Sketch 
of  St.  Louis,"  (in  \'ol.  XIX.,  Social  Statistics 
of  the  Tenth  I".  S.  Census,  1887);  "Api)cal  to 
the  People  of  His  Nati\e  State  (  New  Maiu])- 
shire)  in  Iklialf  of  vSt.  Louis  as  the  Site  of 
the  World's  b'air,"  (ISilO);  "American  Com- 
merce ill  lilOO,"  (  l.s;il  );  "The  Mississippi  and 
its  Affluents,"  (  b'^'.ii'):  "The  lni])()rtaiice  of  our 
Northern  Woodlaiuls  to  the  Na\igatiou  of  the 
^Mississippi,"  (18!I2;  translated  into  German). 

TiroKorGiiMAN,  Thoma.s,  is  proud  of  being  a 
Missouriau.  His  father  owned  a  farm  near  the 
bouudar\line  dividiugthe  counties  of  Clinton  and 
Buchanan,  in  Northwest  Missouri,  and  upon  this 
was  spent  the  boyhood  and  youth  of  the  subject  of 
this  sketch.  His  educational  advantages  were 
only  such  as  were  offered  by  the  common  coun- 
tr\-  district  schools,  and  of  these  Mr.  Thorough- 
uiau  took  eager  advantage  and  improved  upon 
the  advantages  by  a  varied  course  of  historical 
reading.  He  chose  the  legal  profession,  and 
u]3on  arri\'iiig  at  his  majority  went  to  St.  Joseph, 
where  he  placed  himself  under  the  care  and 
tutelage  of  active  practitioners  at  the  bar.  He 
entered  upon  his  studies  under  the  preceptor- 
ship  of  Messrs.  Craig  &  Jones,  who  enjoxed 
distinguished   jjositions  at  the  bar.      P'or  more 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


237 


than  two  years  lie  sliulicd  liistory,  the  pliiloso-  After  participatin<4  in  tlic  battle  of  Elk  Horn,  he 
phy  of  law  and  the  science  of  political  economy,  was  ordered  forward  to  engage  in  the  battle  of 
In  1854  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  Pittsburg  Landing,  but  the  troops  came  to  the 
easily  took  an  enviable  position  among  the  most  field  after  the  battle  had  terminated.  Later,  he 
prominent  and  able  of  the  younger  members,  was  selected,  with  others,  bv  (Governor  Jack.son 
Two  years  later  he  was  ajipointed  assistant  city  and  commissioned  to  return  to  .Missouri  and 
attorney  of  , St.  Joseph,  and  at  the  next  popular  raise  troops  for  the  Confederate  service,  and 
election  he  was  overwhelmingly  cho.sen  city  while  on  this  mission,  in  company  with  his  life- 
counselor.  In  his  new  office  he  exhibited  such  long  friend,  Jiulge  .Vlexander  Davis,  he  was 
ability  to  cope  with  the  otlier  members  of  the  captured  by  the  Federal  troops  and  made  a  pris- 
bar,  whether  junior  or  senior,  as  steadily  drew  oner  of  war.      For  o\-er  a  \ear  he  was  confined 


to  him  all  the  while 
a  large  and  personal 
clientage.  At  this 
measure  of  success 
he  did  not,  like  most 
\'ouug  men  so  fa- 
vored, feel  that  his 
education  was  com- 
pleted and  that  his 
ile\elopment  was  u]) 
to  the  full  measure 
of  the  man  which  he 
had  pictured  in  his 
early  aspirations. 

-After  his  term  as 
cil\  counselor  of  vSt. 
josejih  had  exiiired, 
lie  was  elected  cir- 
cuit attorney  of  the 
circuit  then  presided 
o\er  by  Judge  H  H. 
Norton,  but  latelv 
the  distinguished 
chief    justice  of  the 


TH0nA5  TIIORorciltMAN. 


in  different  pri.sons 
in  Missouri,  but  later 
paroled  by  President 
Lincoln,  upon  the 
express  condition 
that  he  should  leave 
the  vState  and  exile 
himself  in  one  of  the 
Territories  west  of 
the  Alissouri  ri\-er. 
Pursuant  to  this 
parole,  in  ALav.L'^iU, 
he  located  at  \'ir- 
ginia  City.  Montana, 
where  he  immediate- 
ly plunged  into  the 
legal  jiractice  as  a 
partner  witli  Judge 
Alexander  Davis. 
Here  he  soon  forged 
to  the  front  of  his 
profession,  and  his 
abilitv  \ielded  laree 


returns  in  fees.   Had 

Supreme  Court  of  the  State  of  Missouri.  The  he  inclined  in  that  direction,  he  might  have 
majority  by  wliicli  lu^  was  elected  to  this  im-  represented  the  Territory  of  Montana  in  Con- 
]iortaut  office,  tliat  ot    public  jirosecutor,  was  so      gress,  for  so  higli  was  he  in   the  confidence  and 

esteem  of  the  citizens   that    he   was   urged    from 
all  parts  of  the  Territory  to  nuike  tlie  race. 

ill  lM()!t  he  removed  from  Montana  to  St. 
Louis,  with  liis  old  jiartuer,  and  at  once  entered 
into  a  large  and  lucrative  practice.  Later, 
Judge  H.  L.  Warren  was  associated  as  a  mem- 
ber of  tlie  firm,  and  it  became  recognized  as  one 
ol  the  leading  law    firms  of  St.  Louis.      .\    few 


livononuced    as  to  lie  a   rare  testimonial    to   his 
many  manly  \-irtues. 

In  the  midst  of  liis  olficial  term  the  ei\  il  war 
came  on,  and  he  espoused  the  cause  of  the  Con- 
federacy. Young  though  he  was  at  the  lime, 
his  advice  was  often  .souglu  by  the  leaders  of 
the  Confederate  cause  in  llie  West.  He  was 
acli\ely  engaged  in  mau\   of   the   exciting  skir- 


mish 


es    ,ui(l 


battles    on     the    western    frontier.      years  sul)se(|uent.  Judge    Davis  retired  from  tlie 


2;is 


('/./'  .LYI)  N/i\V  ST.   /A)/'/S. 


law  practico,  l<.>a\ini;  lln-  Iniii  lo  l)c  CdiiliiUR-d 
1)\-  Mr.  'rh()ri)ni;liiiiaii  and  Jiul.i;;e  W'arrcn.  Il 
was  (luriiit;-  this  ])fri()(l  lliat  tlic  firm  bccaiuf  tlie 
attoruej-s  and  counselors  of  the  St.  Louis,  Iron 
Mountain  &  Southern  Railway  Conijxuu  ,  which 
it  ably  filled  until   LSSl. 

Colonel  Thoroutfhnian,  since  establishing  him- 
self in  vSt.  Louis,  in  addition  to  prosecutin.q;  with 
vigor  and  success  the  j^ractice  of  law,  hasalwavs 
taken  an  acti\"e  interest  in  ])ublic  affairs,  and  dur- 
ing mauv  a  political  campaign  his  voice  has  been 
heard  upon  the  hustings,  proclaiming  sound 
Democratic  doctrine  with  fervid  eloquence. 

Colonel  Thoroughman  is  strong  as  an  advocate 
and  sagacious  as  a  law\-er.  His  mind  has  been 
enriched  liy  wide  and  varied  reading,  which  a 
s])lendid  memory  places  constautlv  at  his  com- 
mand. Few  men  are  more  persuasive  and  more 
cu]ti\atcd  and  cultured,  and  as  popular  as  public 
speakers.  Had  he  been  ambitious  for  office,  none 
within  the  gift  of  the  people  of  the  State  could 
have  been  too  exalted  to  have  been  bestowed. 

He  has  always  exhibited  an  especial  interest 
and  tender  sympathy  for  the  young  nuin  just 
entering  upon  a  professional  career,  and  many 
a  faltering  step  of  the  young  practitioner  has 
been  steadied  1)\-  his  exjierienced  hand,  and 
many  a  faintini^  heart  emboldened  b\' the  unself- 
ish courage  which  he   has  imjiarted. 

He  has  reared  a  large  faniih',  and  while  \-ct 
in  the  \igor  of  intellectual  and  physical  man- 
hood, has  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  several  of 
his  children  launched  successfully  upon  their 
mature  careers.  In  partnershi])  with  a  son  and 
son-in-law,  he  is  still  engaged  in  the  jiractice  of 
law  at  St.  T/)uis. 

Grkgg,  WiLLi.xM  Henry,  is  of  Scotch  descent, 
and  was  born  in  Palmyra,  New  York,  on  March 
24,  1S31,  and  is  a  lineal  descendant  of  Cap- 
tain James  Gregg,  who  in  lHHn  emigrated  from 
.\yr,  Scotland,  to  Londonderry,  Ireland,  and 
in  1718  to  New  Hampshire;  he  being  one  of  the 
si.xteen  heads  of  families  who  settled  at  and 
founded  the  town  of  Londonderry,  New  Hamp- 
shire, which  was  at  first  called  Nuffield.  Mavor 
Sanuiel  Ciregg,  of  Peterboro,   New   Hanii:)shire, 


the  great-grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  was  burn  in  Li)udonderr\',  New  Hamp- 
shire. He  scr\ed  in  the  Colonial  army  during  a 
jxxrt  of  the  "  F'reuch  W'ar,"  and  took  an  active 
]>arl  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  a  major  in  the 
Xew  f-Iampshire  militia.  His  brother.  Colonel 
William  (iregg,  was  an  officer  in  the  United 
States  army,  and  had  an  im])()rtant  command 
under  General  Stark  at  the  battle  of  Bennington. 

John  Gregg,  the  father  of  William  Henry 
Gregg,  was  born  at  Cireenfield,  New  Hampshire, 
and  came  to  Palmyra,  Wayne  county.  New 
York,  about  1X22,  wliere  he  married  Anne  W'il- 
cox,  daughter  of  William  Wilcox,  and  grand- 
daughter of  (iideon  Durfee,  one  of  the  founders 
of  Palmyra,  who  had  emigrated  from  Ti\erton, 
Rhode  Lsland.  John  Gregg  was  engaged  in 
the  iron  business  from  1824  to  184.')  in  Palmyra, 
L>ons,  Perry  and  Rochester,  New  York. 

In  184.">,  his  health  failing,  he  went  to  Nasli- 
\ille,  Tennessee,  taking  his  son,  William,  with 
him,  and  in  March,  184(),  came  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  had  a  brother,  Abraham  (rregg,  of  the 
firm  of  Gregg  &  Ross,  manufacturers  of  scales 
and  other  brass  and  iron  work.  A  sister  also 
resided  in  St.  Louis,  married  to  ^Mortimer  N. 
liurchard,  Sr.,  who  owned  and  operated  the 
,^tna  Foundry,  on  vSecond  street  between  Pine 
and  Olive.  John  Gregg  died  in  St.  Louis  the 
spring  of  his  arrival  here,  Ma\',  184(;,  and  his 
son,  William  H.,  then  fifteen  years  old,  began 
work  in  his  uncle  Hurchard's  fouudrv,  at  which 
he  continued  about  one  year,  and  then  returned 
to  Palmvra,  New  York,  where  he  entered  a  gen- 
eral country  store  as  clerk,  remaining  there 
until  November,  184!l,  when  he  returned  to  St. 
I.,ouis,  and  has  resided  here  ever  since.  Mr. 
William  H.  Gregg  first  obtained  a  situation 
with  Mr.  Jerome,  furniture  dealer  on  Olive 
street,  afterwards  was  clerk  with  Rogers  & 
Parnev,  wholesale  hardware  dealers,  and  in 
July,  18!l(),  entered  the  employ  of  Warne  &. 
Merritt,  wdiolesale  and  retail  dealers  in  wooden- 
waTC,  hardware  and  house  furnishing  goods,  on 
Market  street. 

On  January  1,  18')4,  he  was  admitted  as  a 
partner    in    the    house,  the    firm    composed    of 


2^^=^= 


Iil(H,R.  \PIIILAI.  Al'I'l-.XniX. 


239 


\\.  \\ .  \Vana-,  W.  11.  Merrill,  William  II.  Gregg 
and  Francis  .\.  I.aiu-.  In  .\ugust,  l.So(i,  Messrs. 
Merrill  and  (iregg  retired  from  the  firm,  and 
l)ccame  members  of  the  firm  of  Cnddy,  Merrill 
iS:  Comjiany,  owning  and  operating  the  old  and 
well-known  liroadway  Fonndry  and  .Machine 
Shops,  on  IJroadway  between  Wash  and  Carr, 
and  Carr  and  Riddle  streets,  running  throngh  to 
Collins  street.  This  concern  was  established  in 
is;')!  by  Kingsland,  Lighlner  ^:  Cnddy,  and  had 
grown  lobe,  with  one  exception,  the  largest  con- 
cern of  the  kind  west  of  Cincinnati.  The  firm 
was  composed  of  James  Cuddy,  W.  H.  Merrill, 
William  vS.  Cuddy  and  William  H.  Gregg,  Mr. 
(jregg  ha\ing  charge  of  the  books  and  finances. 
The  concern  did  nearly  all  the  rolling  mill  and 
iron  furnace  conslrucliou  work  west  of  Cincin- 
nati at  that  time,  and  the  firm  and  its  jiredeces- 
sors,  Kingsland  &  Cudd\-,  built  the  Chouteau, 
Harrison  &  \'alle  Mill,  in  Xortli  St.  lyouis;  the 
John  .S.  Thompson  Nail  and  Rolling  .Mill,  in 
South  St.  Louis;  the  Ray  nor  Mill,  on  Cass 
avenue,  and  the  Jones,  I^oyd  iS:  Com]5an\  Mill, 
at  I'aducah,  Kenlnckx'.  The\'  also  did  a  large 
amount  of  architectural  iron  work,  notably  all 
in  the  old  post-oflfice  and  custom  house,  corner 
Third  and  ( )live  streets. 

Messrs.  .Merrill  and  Gregg  sold  out  of  the  con- 
cern in  February,  bS.')7,  and  Mr.  Ciregg,  in  Ma\' 
of  that  year,  formed  with  John  S.  Dunham  the 
firm  of  Dunham  ^c  Gregg,  who  bought  the 
steam  bakery  on  Fourth  street  of  .Mr.  Mc.\nuU\ , 
and  conducted  the  manufacture  and  sale  of 
crackers  and  army  bread  until  1<S().'),  when  the 
firm  was  dissolved.  vSoon  after  the  firm  com- 
menced business,  Mr.  Charles  McCaulc\-,  who 
had  established  a  fine  commission  and  grocery 
business,  was  admitted  a  jiartner,  and  the  two 
kinds  of  business  were  continued  logelher,  but 
under  ihe  se]>arale  names  of  Dunham  X;  Gregg, 
and  C.  McCauley  X:  Company.  The  business 
was  a  \ery  successful  one,  as  ihe  concern  had  a 
large  trade  in  its  nuinnfactures  and  merchandise 
all  over  the  South,  West  and  Xorthwcst,  and  a 
profitable  commission  and  forwarding  l)usiness  in 
Missouri,  Kansas,  Xi'braska,  Iowa  and  Xt-w 
-Mexico. 


The  conimencemenl  of  llie  war  in  iMil  inter- 
rupted the  business,  and  .Mr.  McCauley  retired 
from  the  firm,  Messrs.  Dunham  &  (iregg  retain- 
ing the  steam  bakery,  which  they  ran  exclu- 
sively on  army  bread  for  the  Go\-ernment  until 
the  close  of  ihe  war  in  IMi.'i,  and  in  addition 
built  and  operated,  with  other  parties,  a  very 
large  concern  in  I.,ouisville,  Kentucky,  in  the 
same  business.  The  firm  of  Dunham  «&  Gregg 
was  dissolved  in  the  fall  of  bsii.'i  and  Mr.  fireee 
remained  out  of  any  regular  business  until  Ma\-, 
ll^()7,  but  with  a  number  of  other  St.  Louis  gen- 
tlemen organized  the  St.  I.,ouis  Petroleum  Com- 
pany, which  put  down  .some  wells  near  Paola, 
Kansas,  which  were  not  successful;  and  with 
some  others  bought  of  the  Government  the 
steamer  Cciicral  /'rii<\  formerl\-  the  tow-boat 
Ocean,  in  the  towing  business  from  the  Balize 
to  New  ( )rleans.  The  boat  was  put  into  her 
old  trade,  but  was  not  a  financial  success. 

In  May,  IMtiT,  .Mr.  Gregg  assisted  in  organiz- 
ing the  Southern  White  Lead  and  Color  Works, 
the  name  of  which  was  afterwards  changed  to 
the  Southern  While  Lead  Company.  The 
stockholders  were  Robert  Thornburgh,  Wm.  .\. 
Thornburgh,  Wm.  H.  Gregg,  Henry  S.  Plait, 
John  T.  De  Moss  and  James  Johnson,  who  also 
composed  the  first  board  of  directors.  The  ex- 
ecutive officers  were  Wm.  H.  Gregg,  president; 
Henry  .S.  Piatt,  vice-president;  F.  W.  Rockwell, 
secretary,  and  James  Johnson,  superintendent. 

The  company  was  a  very  successful  one  from 
the  beginning  of  its  career,  and  built  up  a  large 
and  profitable  trade,  extending  its  business  into 
every  vStale  and  Territory  in  the  Lnion,  as  well 
as  into  Canada  and  Mexico.  In  Ls.sy  the  Mc- 
Hirney  &  Johnston  White  Lead  Companv  of  Chi- 
cago was  absorbed  by  the  Southern  White  Lead 
Company,  and  from  that  lime  on  the  companv 
operated  the  factories  in  both  cities  under  the 
.Southern  company  l)rands.  In  ISS't  the  stt)ck- 
holders  in  the  comiiany  .sold  their  stock  to  the 
Xational  Lead  Trust,  which  afterwards  liecame 
the  Xational  Lead  Compan\-,  with  headquarters 
in  Xew  York. 

Mr.  (  ingg  reuiai ned  with  liie  new  organiza- 
tion about  fi\e  months,  in  charsje  of  the  Southern 


2A() 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


coinpam's  Inisiiicss,  and  also  as  Inst  vicc-pix-si- 
dent  ill  charge  of  the  St.  Louis  Sinekiii<i  and 
Refininw  Company,  whose  works  for  the  reihic- 
tion  of  lead  and  silver  ores,  and  refininfj  bullion, 
are  located  al  Clu-llinliani,  St.  Louis.  In 
No\euil)er,  l><'^'.i,  he  resii^ncd  all  liisoiTiccs  in  tlu- 
organization. 

During  the  fall  of  l^'^l'l  lie  organized  the 
William  H.  fircgg  White  I.,ead  Company,  with 
William  IL  Ciregg,  president;  Norris  B.  Ciregg, 
vice-president,  and  William  H.  Gregg,  Jr., 
secretar\-,  and  commenced  to  Imild  works  on  the 
Wabash  raihva\'  and  Clayton  road  near  Bo\le 
avenue,  but  before  their  completion,  sold  out  to 
the  Southern  White  Lead  Company. 

Since  that  time  he  has  spent  his  time  (luietly 
at  home  and  in  travel,  mosth-  north  in  the 
summer  and  in  Florida  in  the  winter.  He  is 
fond  of  angling,  and  spends  most  of  his  time  at 
resorts  devoted  to  that  sport.  He  is  a  stock- 
holder in  various  enterprises,  institutions,  banks, 
etc.,  among  them  the  Mound  City  Paint  and 
Color  Compan\',  who  are  manufacturers  of  lin- 
seed and  castor  oils,  with  mill  and  elevator  on 
Clayton  road  and  Wabash  railway,  and  makers 
of  a  great  variety  of  paints  and  painters'  sup- 
plies, with  factory  corner  Second  and  Howard 
streets,  and  store  and  office,  4:0(>  and  4(1^  North 
Second  street.  His  sons  and  son-in-law  run  the 
business. 

Mr.  Gregg  was  married  on  November  2\, 
1855,  to  ^liss  Orian  Thompson,  step-daughter 
of  Matthew  Rippey,  Esq.,  a  well-known  lumber 
merchant.  He  has  five  children — Norris  B. 
'('re.sj.g,  president  Mound  City  Paint  and  Color 
Company,  who  uiarried  May  Hawley,  daughter 
of  Captain  Geo.  E.  Hawley,  of  Paddock-Hawley 
Iron  Company;  Wm.  H.  Gregg,  Jr.,  vice-pres- 
ident Mound  City  Paint  and  Color  Company, 
who  married  Lily  Kurtzeboru,  daughter  of  .\. 
Kurtzeborn, president  Bauman  Jewelry  Compau\-; 
Clara  J.,  who  married  Charles  M.  Hays,  vice- 
president  and  general  manager  Wabash  Rail- 
way, sou  of  Sam'l  Hays,  formerly  postmaster 
in  St.  Louis,  and  president  of  the  Mi.ssouri 
Pacific  Railroad;  Julia  F.,  who  married  E.  H. 
Dyer,  secretary  of  ^Mouud  City  Paint  and  Color 


Ciini])an\',  ami  si>n  ol  linn.  I).  P.  l)\i.r;  and 
{ )rie  I.,,  (iregg,   nnnuirried. 

Mr.  Gregg  has  never  held  any  city.  State  or 
national  office;  his  military  career  was  confined 
to  the  first  lieutenancy  of  a  Home  (ruard  com- 
pany during  the  war,  but  never  in  active  ser\ice, 
except  occasional  guard  duty  in  the  city.  He 
has  been  a  director  in  the  Mechanics'  Bank,  the 
Mound  City  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  and  a 
member  of  the  committee  of  arbitration  and  ap- 
peals of  the  Merchants'  E.xchange.  He  has 
ne\'er  been  connected  with  an\-  religious  organ- 
ization, is  a  Mason,  but  not  at  jjreseut  affiliated 
with  any  Lodge. 

As  a  boy  he  was  a  Whig,  and  since  the  organi- 
zation of  the  Republican  party,  has  been  a  Re- 
]Miblican,  but  is  not  a  partisan,  especially  in 
municipal  affairs.  His  travels  have  been  con- 
fined to  all  the  States  and  Territories  in  the 
I'nioii,  except  Texas  and  .Vlaska,  and  nearly  all 
Europe,  the  north  coast  of  Africa,  and  Canada 
and  Cuba. 

HuGHKS,  Chaki.k.s  HAMILTON,  M.D.,  comes 
from  royal  Welsh  stock,  the  family  being  known 
in  P^nglish  heraldry  as  the  Hughes  of  (xwercles 
in  Edeirnion,  Connt\'  of  Merioneth,  Wales. 
This  renowned  family  was  granted  armorial 
bearings  November  4,  Kilil,  when  Sir  Thomas 
Hughes  was  knighted  al  Whitehall,  Mr.  Hughes 
then  having  his  seat  at  Wells,  Somerset,  and  at 
Grav's  Inn,  being  a  barrister  at  law. 

Richard  Hughes,  a  descendant  and  member 
of  this  family,  and  the  great-grandfather  of  the 
subject  of  this  sketch,  came  to  America  and 
settled  in  Pennsylvania.  He  fought  in  the 
Re\'olutionar\-  war,  after  which  he  located  in 
\'irginia,  married  and  had  four  sons,  the  oldest 
of  whom  was  named  after  him.  Richard 
Hughes,  Jr.,  mo\e(l  to  Allen  count},  Ohio,  in 
li^iil,  and  raised  a  lar.ge  family,  among  the 
children  bein.g  Harry  J.,  father  of  Dr.  Hughes, 
who  married  Miss  Elizabeth  R.  Stocker,  daugh- 
ter of  Capt.  Zachius  Stocker,  founder  of  P^liza- 
bethtown,  Indiana. 

Dr.  Hughes  was  born  in  St.  I^ouis,  near  the 
little  mound  where  the  first  reservoir  was  placed. 


niO(}RAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


241 


li\-ini^^  ill  St.  IyUIIis  till  nine  \'ears  of  ayje,  wlieii 
liis  parents  moved  iu)rlh,  liis  fallicr  lia\'iii<>;  be- 
come associated  in  many  lousiness  enterprises  on 
the  npper  Mississipj)i.  His  early  edncation  was 
commenced  in  a  pri\ate  school  on  North  Fifth 
street,  near  Wash  and  Carr  streets,  and  contin- 
ticd  in  the  ])iiblic  schools  and  in  the  priinar\- 
deiDartment  of  St.  Lonis  University.  Later  he 
was  sent  to  Dennison's  Academy,  at  Rock  Island, 
Illinois,  and  completed  his  literary  school  train- 
injj  in  Iowa  College,  then  under  the  manage- 
ment of  ])rofessors  from  Amherst,  ;\Iassachnsetts. 

Dr.  Hughes  began  the  stiuh'  of  medicine  un- 
der the  tutelage  of  Dr.  John  T.  O'Reardoii,  at 
Davenport,  Iowa.  Dr.  James  Thistle,  who  went 
from  Natchez,  Mississippi,  to  Davenport,  was 
also  one  of  his  preceptors,  and  while  under 
Dr.  Thistle's  teaching  Dr.  Hughes  enjoyed 
the  friendship  and  medical  assistance  of  Dr. 
Thistle's  brother-iu-law,  the  distiuguislied  Dr. 
Cartwright,  of  New  Orleans. 

Dr.  Hughes'  medical  studies  were  concluded 
for  graduation  at  the  St.  Louis  ]\Iedical  College, 
where,  after  a  four  vears'  course  of  private  and 
collegiate  medical  study  he  graduated  in  l.S;')it. 
During  his  student  days  he  was  engaged  for  a 
year  as  acting  assistant  physician  in  the  United 
States  Marine  Hospital,  of  St.  Louis.  On  gradu- 
ating he  visited  the  principal  colleges  and  hos- 
])itals  of  the  East,  and  on  the  outbreak  of  the 
war  he  entered  the  (iovernmeut  service  as  assist- 
ant surgeon,  being  promoted  to  full  surgeon  in 
July,  l'S()2.  He  was  then  ])laced  in  charge,  by 
Medical  Director  Madi.son  Mills,  U.  S.  .\.,  of 
the  IIickni\-  Street  Post  Hospital,  and  the  .Mc- 
Doweils  College  Prison  Hospital,  and  the  Scho- 
field  Harracks,  including  the  Stragglers'  Camp 
of  this  cil\-. 

Dr.  Hughes'  medical  services  throughout  the 
war  were  of  the  most  valuable  character  to  the 
(ioxernment,  for  he  had  charge  of  the  forces  from 
St.  Li'uis  III  I'iliil  Kiiiib,  Missouri,  for  two  years, 
and  during  the  last  of  Price's  raids  into  Missouri 
he  had  also  medical  charge  of  the  refugees  and 
frciuuu.  He  was  mustered  out  in  b^^ti'',  having 
earned  from  headijuarters  the  praise  of  haxiug 
the  best  field  hospital  in  the  service. 


He  was  one  of  the  \ouiigest  surgeons  to  receix'e 
a  commission  in  the  Union  ariiu-,  and  on  leav- 
ing the  service  he  was  placed  upon  the  board  of 
management,  and  in  USCfi  was  elected  to  the 
medical  superiutendency,  of  the  Missouri  vState 
Lunatic  Asylum,  at  I'ultou.  He  remained  at 
the  head  of  this  large  institution  for  o\'er  five 
years. 

Dr.  Hughes  early  identified  himself  with  the 
Association  of  Superintendents  of  American 
Institutions  for  the  Insane,  now  the  American 
^Iedico-Ps\-chological  Association.  In  LSTti, 
at  the  International  Medical  Congress  held  at 
Philadelphia,  he  read  before  the  section  of 
psychiatry  the  first  American  contribution  ever 
made  before  an\-  public  association  on  the  inter- 
esting subject  of  the  "  Simulation  of  Iiisaiiit\'  by 
the  Insane."  This  paper  was  pronounced  at 
the  time,  and  is  still  regarded  b\-  comj^etent 
judges,  as  the  most  systematic  and  complete 
treatise  extant  upon  this  important  subject  in 
forensic  psychiatry.  His  previous  essay  at 
Nashville,  Tennessee,  before  the  Association 
of  Superintendents,  entitled  "Psychical  or 
Plusical,"  being  an  inquiry  into  the  relations 
of  mind  and  organism,  made  a  marked  impres- 
sion upon  the  association  and  the  profession 
generally.  His  contributions  since  that  time 
have  been  numerous  and  almost  constant,  and 
he  has  editorially,  for  the  past  eleven  years, 
conducted  and  published  the  Aliciiisl  and 
Xciirologisl^  a  journal  of  scientific,  clinical  and 
forensic  psychiatrv  and  neurology,  which  he 
founded  in  LSSd. 

Dr.  Hughes'  contributions  to  psychiatry  have 
been  too  numerous  for  designation  here.  In 
ISilo  he  became  connected  with  the  Marion- 
Sims  College  of  Medicine,  and  held  the  chair  of 
professor  of  psychiatry,  diseases  of  the  nervous 
system  and  electro-therapy  in  that  institution 
of  medicine  up  to  the  spring  of  1S!I2,  later  being 
called  to  take  a  similar  chair  and  the  presidency 
of  the  faculty  of  Harnes  Medical  College,  in 
which  position  he  still  continues. 

Besides  his  membership  in  the  American 
Medico- Psychological  Association,  the  doctor  is 
a  meml)erof  the  .Vmerican  Neurological  Societv; 


16 


242 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


the  Anifiicaii  Medical  Association;  tlic  Missis- 
sipjii  \'alle\  Ann-rican  Medical  Association,  of 
which  he  was  president  in  l.s;»l;  president  of 
the  Xenrolojijical  Section  of  the  Pan-American 
Medical  Congress  of  l.Silii;  vice-president  of  tlie 
Mcdico-Ivegal  Congress  for  1.S!I2;  vice-president 
of  two  sections  of  the  Internationa]  Medical 
Congress  of  l-S?."?.  He  is  a  member  of  the  vSt. 
Lonis  ;\Iedical  Society;  Missonri  vState  Medical 
Society,  and  member  of  the  jndicial  council  of 
the  American  Medical  Association.  He  is  an 
honorar\-  member  of  the  British  Medico-Psyclio- 
logical  SocietN';  corresponding  member  of  the 
New  York  IVIedico-Legal  Society  and  of  the 
Chicago  Academy  of  Medicine,  and  other  pro- 
fessional bodies. 

Dr.  Hughes  has  been  twice  married.  In  IH?;} 
he  married  the  handsome  and  accomplished 
daughter  of  H.  Lawther,  Esq.,  of  Calloway 
county.  His  first  wife  was  a  Miss  Addie  Case, 
daughter  of  lyUther  Case,  and  cousin  of  Dr. 
(ieorge  Case,  of  this  city,  a  very  bright  and 
charming  lady.  The  dt)ctor  had  three  children 
b\-  his  first  wife;  of  his  last  marriage,  three 
children  have  been  born. 

\V.\LBRn)GH,  Cyrus  Packard,  mayor  of  St. 
Louis  from  l.S!);^  to  lf^97,  was  born  July  20, 
l.si'i,  in  Madrid,  New  York.  His  father,  ( )rlo 
Walbridge,  was  a  Methodist  preacher,  and  his 
mother,  Maria  Althea  Packard,  was  a  lineal 
descendant  of  the  Hydes,  of  England.  The 
pastor  moved  out  west  when  his  son  was  an  in- 
fant, and  was  for  many  years  a  circuit  rider  in 
the  Northwestern  States. 

Cyrus  P.  Walbridge,  during  his  boyhood, 
worked  on  the  farm  of  his  father,  and  with  his 
brother  managed  the  farm  during  the  absence 
of  the  father  on  his  circuit.  At  the  age  of  eight- 
een years  Cyrus  entered  Carletone  College, 
Minnesota,  and  afterwards  went  to  Ann  Arbor 
University  and  took  the  law  course  there.  After 
his  graduation  he  went  to  Minneapolis,  ^linne- 
.sota,  returned  to  the  farm  and  remained  until  he 
had  obtained  his  majority,  when  he  came  to  vSt. 
Louis  and  began  the  practice  of  law. 

He  had  been  engaged  in  his  i^rofession  onh- 


two  years  when  Jacob  S.  Mcrrell,  a  pioneer  in 
the  wholesale  drug  trade  of  the  West,  took  him 
in  his  house  as  a  legal  adviser  and  in  that  jxisi- 
tiou  sent  him  about  the  country  straightening 
business  matters  which  had  become  confused. 

The  young  man  was  very  successful  at  this, 
and  .Mr.  Merrell  jilaced  more  responsibilit\'  ujiou 
him  year  by  year  until  he  became  a  member  of 
the  famih  .  He  was  thrown  into  the  acquaint- 
ance of  Miss  Li/./.ie  .Merrell,  the  eldest  daughter 
of  the  head  of  the  firm,  admired  her  and  mar- 
ried her,  and  when  a  few  \ears  later  Mr.  Merrell 
died,  his  heirs  made  Mr.  Walbridge  the  admin- 
istrator of  the  estate  and  president  of  the  com- 
pany. 

In  1881  he  became  interested  in  local  politics 
and  his  Ward  sent  him  to  the  House  of  Dele- 
gates, where  he  .served  for  two  years  and  declined 
a  re-election. 

In  I.SJSII  he  was  nominated  b\'  the  Republicans 
as  president  of  the  Council,  and  elected  at  large 
b\'  a  vote  of  the  whole  cit\'.  .\bont  the  same 
time  the  Western  Wholesale  Druggists  A.ssocia- 
tion  elected  him  president.  As  president  of  the 
Council  he  was  ex-officio  and  acting  ma\'or  of 
the  cit\'  whenever  the  mayor  was  absent,  and 
on  several  extraordinary  occasions  was  placed  in 
a  position  where  his  executive  ability  became 
conspicuous. 

In  l<s;t;i  the  Republican  Cit\'  Con\-ention  nuan- 
imoiish'  nominated  him  for  nuiyor,  and  he  was 
elected  by  a  large  majority.  He  has  one  son, 
whose  name  is  Merrell  Packard  Walbridge. 

Scn.i.ix,  JoH.N",  the  president  of  one  of  the 
largest  and  best  equip])ed  street  railroad  systems 
in  America,  ranks  among  the  wealthiest  and 
most  enterprising  men  in  the  city.  He  has 
helped  to  revolutionize  the  street  car  service  of 
.St.  I^ouis,  and  it  is  difficult  to  overrate  the  j 
value  of  Mr.  .Scullin's  enterprise  to  residents 
and  property  holders  south  of  the  Mill  Creek 
Valley.  The  elegant  cars  of  the  Union  Depot 
Comjianx-  run  to  all  j^arts  of  the  south  and  south- 
west, bringing  the  bluffs  of  Carondelet  within 
easy  access  of  the  city  proper,  and  nuiking 
Tower  Grove  and  Lafayette  parks  accessible  to 


^a 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


243 


tt'iis  of  tliDusaiids  of  people  who  otlierwise  would 
be  uiialde  to  enjoy  tlu-in  at  all.  They  also 
afford  a  one-fare  .ser\-ice  from  one  end  of  St. 
lyoni.s  to  the  other. 

The  president  of,  and  the  ownerof  a  controlling; 
interest  in  this  coni])any  was  born  in  St.  f^aw- 
reuce  connty,  New  York,  An<,nist  17,  !«;;(;.  Mr. 
Scullin's  parents  were  Mr.  Xicholls  and  Mrs. 
Mary  Scnllin,  the  later  formerly  Miss  Kenney. 
The  coninion  schools  of  St.  Lawrence  connty, 
in  the  State  of  liis  birth,  were  the  first  in  which 
the  lad  obtained  an\-  edncation,  bnt  he  snbse- 
(jnenlly  alti-nded  a  conrse  in  the  I'otsdani  (  New- 
York  )  Academy.  .\t  an  early  age  he  com- 
menced work,  antl  his  llrsl  engagement  was  in 
connection  with  the  bnilding  of  the  Grand 
Trnnk  Railroad  of  Canada. 

After  being  connected  with  this  company  for 
three  or  fonr  vears  he  moved  to  the  Northwest, 
and  in  isi;;;  he  commenced  bnsiness  in  Fort 
Snelling,  Minnesota,  as  a  railroad  contractor. 
In  l'S(;4  he  went  to  Idalio,  attracted  by  the 
reports  of  gold  discoveries.  The  only  means 
of  trans]iortation  were  o.\  teams.  Hostile 
Indians  were  met  on  freqnent  occasions,  and 
once  seven  of  the  party  were  slain  by  a  part)-  of 
red  skins.  Finally,  all  the  mountains  and  rivers 
were  crossed,  and  after  an  ardnons  journey 
e.Ktcndiug  over  six  months  \'irginia  City  was 
reached. 

'iMiis  trip  was  one  of  the  few  mistakes  Mr. 
Scnllin  has  made  in  his  life.  He  was  entirely 
disapi^ointed  willi  the  surmnndiugs,  and  about 
the  first  thing  he  did  on  his  arrival  was  to  make 
arrangements  to  get  away.  He  started  on  his 
return  trip  as  soon  as  i)ossible,  and  arri\ed  in 
New  York  in  November,  ISti.").  In  the  follow- 
ing year  he  again  started  westward,  and  llu- 
year  IX(i()  found  him  located  in  Leavenworth, 
Kansas.  In  the  same  \ear  he  entered  into  a 
contract  for  construction  of  a  ])ortion  of  a 
central  branch  of  the  I'nion  Pacific  Railroad, 
now  jKiit  of  the  Missouri  Pacific,  and  he  built  the 
fort\-  miles  of  road  hax'ing  the  town  ot  Water- 
dale  for  its  terminus.  He  then  constructed  a 
]iortioii  of  the  Missouri  \'alley  Railroad  friun 
Savannah  to  .M,ir\  s\ille,  Miss(juri.  and   in  isii.s 


he  built  tweiit\-fi\e  miles  of  the  Rock  Island 
Road  between  Lea\enworth,  Kansas,  and  Platts- 
burg,  Missouri. 

In  the  fall  of  I'Slli)  he  was  engaged  in  the 
construction  of  the  Missouri,  Kan.sas  &;  Texas 
Road  between  Junction  City,  Kansas,  and  Che- 
topa,  in  the  same  State,  and  from  Sedalia,  .Mis- 
souri, to  Chetopa,  and  through  the  Indian  Ter- 
ritory to  Deni.son,  Te.xas.  Two-thirds  of  this 
great  railway  system  was  built  b\'  Mr.  vScullin, 
and  subsequently  he  constructed  sexeral  miles 
of  track  on  the  Gaheston,  Harrisburg  &  San 
Antonio  Railroad,  and  also  on  the  Denison  & 
Southeastern  Road. 

Before  these  extensive  contracts  had  been 
carried  out,  Mr.  Scnllin  had  taken  up  his  resi- 
dence in  St.  Louis.  He  became  interested  soon 
after  his  arrival  in  several  street  railroads, 
including  the  Union  Depot,  Mound  Citv  and 
Jefferson  avenue  lines,  but  he  did  not  gi\'e  to 
these  the  attention  which  lias  marked  his  later 
career.  In  1^X2  he  was  made  general  manager 
of  the  Mexican  National  Railroad,  with  head- 
quarters in  the  Cit\-  of  Mexico,  luit  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and 
accepted  the  presidency  of  the  Wiggins  Ferry 
ConipauN',  a  position  he  still  holds. 

Mr.  Scnllin  is  also  vice-president  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi \'alley  Trust  Company,  president  of  the 
Ivist  St.  Louis  Klectric  Railway  Company,  and 
llie  Hast  vSt.  Louis  Connecting  Raihva}'  Com- 
pany, being  also  a  director  in  the  St.  Louis 
National   Bank. 

Rut  the  position  best  known  and  appreciated 
b\  .St.  Louis  jieople  that  is  held  In  Mr.  .Scnllin 
is  that  of  ]uesidenl  of  the  I'nion  I)ei)ot 
Railway  Company.  Within  the  last  few  years 
he  has  arranged  and  carried  out  one  of  the  most 
important  street  railroad  deals  ever  attempted  in 
this  city.  By  it  the  Union  Depot  Company 
absorbed  both  the  Mound  Cit\-  and  the  Benton- 
IJellefontaine  com]iaiiies,  the  consolidated  lines 
forming,  as  alread\'  stated,  one  of  the  largest 
street  railway  systems  in  America.  The  con- 
.solidatiou  and  building  of  several  connecting 
links  has  made  communication  between  the 
extreme   luuthwest   and  southwest  possible,  and 


24-1 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


h\  the  most  lil)eral  system  of  transfers  passen- 
gers are  now  carried  as  far  for  fi\e  cents  as  the)' 
traveled  formerly  for  four  or  five  times  that 
amount.  The  new  cross-town  road  he  is  now 
constrnctiu.ij  aloni;  Nineteenth  street  and  other 
streets  north,  will  tend  to  perfect  this  ailniirat)le 
system. 

In  politics  Mr.  Scnllin  is  a  Democrat,  but  he 
has  alwa\'s  declined  political  preferment,  his 
tastes  not  lvin<i'  in  that  direction.  He  is  a  most 
successful  manager,  and  is  popular  in  the  extreme 
among  his  army  of  employes.  As  a  financier  he 
has  few  equals,  and  as  a  railroad  nuinager  he 
has  not  a  rival. 

Mr.  Scullin  married  in  \>>M  ^liss  Hannah 
I'err\-,  of  Montreal.  He  has  five  children, 
including  Harry  J.,  the  vice-president  and  assist- 
ant general  manager  of  the  Union  Depot  street 
railroad  system.  The  eldest  daughter  is  now 
Mrs.  DeGest,  of  Paris,  and  the  younger  chil- 
dren's names  are  Frederick,  Lenore  and  Charles. 

Lawri-'.n'CIC,  Dk.  J.  J.,  is  not  only  a  promi- 
nent i)hvsician  and  a  phenomenally  successful 
medical  editor,  hut  is  also  one  of  the  most  enter- 
prising and  loyal  citizens  of  St.  Louis,  in  which 
city  he  has  resided  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
centurv.  He  has  been  conspicuous  in  his  efforts 
on  behalf  of  almost  every  public  work  of  recent 
years.  One  of  the  first  to  recognize  the  iniiior- 
tance  of  securing  the  World's  Fair  for  St. Louis, 
he  spared  no  effort  in  his  zeal  to  secure  a  favor- 
able verdict  from  Congress.  Subsequenth-  w  hen 
it  was  proposed  to  start  the  Autumnal  Festivi- 
ties Association  the  Doctor  not  only  wrote  a 
check  for  a  very  liberal  donation,  but  also  gave 
the  association  the  benefit  of  his  \-aluable  expe- 
rience. Being  recognized  as  one  of  the  most 
able  journalists  in  the  city,  he  was  placed  upon 
the  advertising  committee  of  the  association; 
and  when  this  committee  enlarged  the  scope  of 
its  work  and  liecame  known  as  the  Bureau  of 
Information,  no  man  labored  more  earnestly  in 
its  behalf  than  Dr.  Lawrence. 

This  talented  and  wealthy-  physician  was  born 
in  Edgecombe  county,  Xorth  Carolina,  January 
28,  183(5.     The   full   name  of  this  well-known 


gentleman,  is  Joseph  Joshua  Lawrence.  He  is 
of  Revolutionary  ancestry  on  both  the  paternal 
and  maternal  sides;  his  fourth  remo\-ed  paternal 
grandfather  was  of  Anglo-Xorman  descent,  and 
a  native  of  Xc)rwich,.lCnghind.  The  son  of  this 
old  ancestor  was  I-'rank  Lawrence,  a  noted 
Indian  fighter,  and  his  son,  Joseph  Nathaniel 
Lawrence,  the  doctor's  great-grandfather,  was 
lieutenant  of  the  Continental  arm\  under 
Washington.  His  son  (the  Doctor's  grand- 
father) was  Joshua  Lawrence,  an  eminent 
Baptist  minister  and  author.  Dr.  Lawrence's 
father  was  Bennett  Barrow  Lawrence,  a  promi- 
nent cotton  planter  in  ante-bellum  days.  The 
Doctor's  mother  was  Martlia  Francis,  daughter 
of  Judge  Jesse  Cooper  Kniglil;  lier  niother's 
Re\-olutiouary  ancestor  was  Augustin  Clement 
de  \'illeneuve.  Chevalier  de  F>ertlielot.  He  was 
a  captain  of  I^'rench  troojis  under  Lafa\ette,  and 
was  killed  at  Yorktown,  in  ITM,  fighting  for 
the  American  cause. 

After  receiving  a  universitv  and  medical  edu- 
cation. Dr.  Lawrence  was  married  on  May  3, 
FS.')il,  to  Jose])hine,  daughter  of  Colonel  B.  F. 
Edwards,  of  Xorth  Carolina.  Dr.  and  .Mrs. 
Lawrence  ha\'e  onh-  two  children — Mr.  Frank 
Lawrence  and  ]\Irs.  Henrv  \.  Siegrist,  of  this 
city. 

The  Doctor  was  a  captain  in  the  Confederate 
army  during  the  war  between  the  States.  He 
practiced  medicine  a  short  time  after  the  close 
of  the  war,  and  then  moved  to  St.  Louis.  In 
I ■'^7;')  he  commenced  the  publication  of  the 
.Medical  Briii\  which  he  still  publishes,  and 
which  has  now  the  largest  circulation  and  is 
financially  the  most  prosperous  of  any  medical 
publication  in  the  world.  It  has  an  immense 
advertising  patronage,  and  is  one  of  the  hand- 
somest and  most  readable  magazines  published 
anywhere. 

The  Doctor  is  devoted  to  St.  Louis,  and  is  a 
great  believer  in  its  future,  as  is  witnessed  by 
his  owning  several  \'alual)le  pieces  of  St.  Louis 
real  estate.  Dr.  Lawrence  is  noted  for  his 
universal  good  humor,  his  optimistic  views, 
and  his  practical  business  ability — qualities 
rarely  found  combined  in  the  same  person. 


BrOGRAPFIICAL  APPENDIX. 


245 


Long,  Edward  Hknry,  superintendent  of  the 
St.  lyouis  public  scliools,  and  one  of  the  ablest 
instructors  in  the  country,  was  l)orn  in  Livonia, 
I,i\inji;st<)n  county,  Xcw  V(_)rk,  ( )ctober  4,  1888, 
and  is  hence  about  fifty-four  years  of  age.  His 
father,  Mr.  John  Long,  was  a  native  of  New  York, 
but  his  great-grandfather  was  born  in  Germany, 
and  luuing  emigrated  to  this  country  during 
the  colonial  period,  fought  through  the  Re\'o- 
lutionarv  war,  and  in  1810  nioNX'd  from  the 
State  of  Penns\l\-ania  to  New  York.  On  his 
mother's  side  Mr. 
Long's  ancestr\-  is 
also  both  interesting 
and  liniiorable.  His 
mother,  Mrs.  Kliza- 
beth  (  Miller)  Long, 
traces  her  1  i  neage 
from  the  Swiss,  her 
forefathers  h  a  \' i  n  g 
located  in  l'cnns\l- 
\ania  during  the 
time  o  f  \Vi  1 1  i  a  m 
I'enn. 

Ivlward  Henr\  was 
educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  his 
uali\'e  county, which 
were  of  t  he  high  class 
character  generalh- 
found  in  New  Rn- 
gland.  I'roni  the 
common  schools  he 
eiUered  a  district 
high  school, and  ha\- 

ing  earned  some  monev  bv  teaching  district 
schools  he  entered  the  (ienesee  College,  now 
the  Syracuse  ITnivcrsity,  where  he  maintained 
himself  b\'  his  own  labors  and  made  great  prog- 
ress in  his  studies.  When  onl\-  twentv-nine 
\ears  of  age  he  was  engaged  as  principal  by  the 
Public  .School  Board  of  Buffalo,  and  in  1870  his 
ability  ha\ing  attracted  the  attention  of  the 
St.  Louis  Board,  lu-  was  appointed  principal  of 
one  ot  their  .Schools.  He  proved  an  excep- 
tionally able  tutor  antl  introduced  a  number  of 
valuable    improvements    into    the    method    of 


EDWARD    HIJNkV    I.ONti 


tuition  and  management,  and  so  convinced  the 
Board  of  his  ability  that  in  the  year  1874  he  was 
elected  assistant  superintendent. 

Forsi.x  years  Mr.  Long  filled  this  position, and 
his  hard  work  earned  golden  praise  from  his 
principal  and  from  the  Board  generally.  While 
insisting  on  good  work  from  the  teachers, he  ex- 
hibited a  never-tiring  patience  and  was  alwa\\s 
willing  to  help  a  teacher  to  master  the  man\- 
difficulties  which  beset  his  path.  In  1880  Mr. 
Long  was  elected  superintendent  of  the  schools, 

and  for  upwards  of 
fourteen  years  he  has 
filled  the  position  in 
an  excellent  manner. 
Results  speak  for 
themselves,  and  the 
splendid  condition  of 
the  St.  Louis  public 
schools,  which  are 
the  admiration  of  the 
entire  continent,  is 
due  in  a  great  meas- 
ure to  the  hard  work 
and  sterling  abilitv 
of  Mr.  Ivong.  Fol- 
lowing in  the  foot- 
steps of  Professor 
Harris,  he  has  car- 
ried out  in  a  con- 
scientious manner 
the  programme  laid 
out  by  that  eminent 
professor,  and  he  has 
also  introduced 
methods  of  thoroughness  which  have  had  a 
marked  effect  on  the  results  obtained. 

Mr.  Long's  administration  has  not  been  in 
any  degree  sensational.  He  has  introduced  a 
nnnd)er  of  reforms,  but  speaking  generally  his 
object  has  been  to  maintain  the  high  standard 
of  excellence  in  which  he  found  the  schools,  and 
to  bring  up  the  weaker  ones  to  the  same  high 
plane  which  marked  the  majority  of  the  schools. 
He  is  thorough  in  e\erything  he  undertakes,  and 
the  main  feature  of  his  policy  is  that  a  child 
must  learn  to  read  and  write  thoroughly  before 


24G 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


it  can  liopc  to  accitiiif  a  hi^Ljlic-r  i-dncation.  Ik- 
lias  ari^iK'tl  that  a  cliilil  must  k-aru  the  actual 
ineaiiiii<j;  of  words  as  well  as  the  mere  ])rinciples 
of  s|)ellin>(,  and  he  has  given  to  the  Kinder- 
u;arten  branch  an  immense  amount  of  fosterini; 
care. 

The  system  of  mathematical  training  adopted 
1>\  .Mr.  Long  and  so  vastly  improved  b\-  him  as 
to  make  the  .system  almost  entirely  of  his  own, 
has  proved  a  great  success,  and  he  has  earned 
from  all,  teachers  and  parents  alike,  expressions 
of  warm  approval  and  praise.  He  has  acted 
with  marked  impartialit\-  with  the  teachers, 
has  no  favorites,  and  only  recognizes  abilit\- 
and  earnestness  as  worthy  of  approval. 

Mr.  Long  married  in  the  \ear  l!S(i2  Miss  0\ira 
J.  Wilco.x,  of  IMonroe  connt\'.  New  York.  He 
has  one  daughter. 

Bkv.sox,  John  P.\il,  ^LI).,  was  born  April 
Hi,  I'S-li),  at  .Milecross,  near  Macon,  Mississippi. 
His  father's  name  was  Janaes  Bryson,  and  his 
mother  was  Eliza  (Banks)  Bryson.  James 
Bryson  was  a  planter,  owned  a  large  plantation, 
and  was  a  man  admired  for  his  great  strength  of 
character,  uprightness  and  fair  dealing.  Mrs. 
Bryson's  family  was  from  Culpepper  count\', 
\'irginia.  It  had  connections  through  Virginia 
and  Creorgia  with  the  Alexanders,  Hendersons 
and  Banks,  and  was  large  and  well  known.  Dr. 
Bryson's  grandfather,  John  Bryson,  was  a  natixe 
of  Argylleshire,  Scotland,  and  had  estates  in 
the  North  of  Ireland.  His  wife  was  Helen 
Campbell,  of  the  famous  Argylle  family,  and 
was  related  to  the  celebrated  Alexander  Camp- 
bell. 

Dr.  Bryson  was  born,  reared  and  educated  on 
his  father's  plantation.  His  education  was  first 
received  in  the  local  and  grammar  schools,  and 
later  by  private  tuition.  As  a  boy  he  was 
imbued  with  the  scientific  spirit,  having  what 
may  be  termed  scientific  enthu.siasm  even  when 
very  young,  and  every  study  connected  with 
biology  was  always  of  especial  interest  to  him. 
Trained  by  his  father  and  a  fine  tutor,  and  with 
these  tastes  and  surroundings,  he  grew  up  intel- 
lectually as  well    as  physically  vigorous. 


His  studies  weri-  intcrruiUed  b\-  his  entrance 
in  the  arni\-  in  l.S(i;i.  IK-  was  sent  to  X'irginia 
with  the  .\rm\-  of  \'irginia,  where  he  served  for 
two  years.  He  returned  to  his  home  after  the 
war  and  renewed  his  studies  tinder  his  old  tutor, 
and  subseqnenth-  read  medicine  under  Dr.  vS.  \'. 
I).  Hill,  of  Macon. 

He  came  to  St.  Louis  in  the  latter  part  of 
.\ugust,  ISiii;,  during  the  cholera  epidemic,  and 
entered  the  Humboldt  Medical  College,  the  first 
of  the  medical  colleges  that  attempted  to  teach 
by  thoroughly  scientific  methods.  .\t  the  head 
of  the  college  was  the  late  Dr.  Adam  IlainuK-r, 
one  of  the  greatest  teachers  in  meclicine  St.  Louis 
ever  had.  Then  for  the  first  time  the  scientific 
dream  of  his  life  was  realized.  He  was  able  to 
mingle  with  that  coterie  of  scientific  men  in  St. 
Louis  who  were  educated  under  the  thorough 
German  scientific  system.  He  came  in  contact 
with  the  school  of  men  who  com]iosed  the  t)l(l 
Hegelian  Club  of  St.  I.,ouis,  which  was  the 
origin  of  the  Concord  School  of  Philosophy. 
He  was  graduated  in  l<S(i8. 

.\fter  graduation  he  was  fur  one  \ear  assistant 
surgeon  of  the  City  Hospital.  Then,  in  the  fall' 
of  I'Siil),  lie  went  into  ])ri\-ate  practice,  being 
associated  with  Dr.  William  L.  liarrett. 

Dr.  Bryson  is  a  member  of  the  principal 
medical  societies  of  this  cit\-.  In  ISTO  he  was 
made  demonstrator  of  anatonn-  of  the  Missouri 
Medical  College.  He  held  that  position  for  two 
years.  Then  he  became  connected  with  the  St. 
Louis  Medical  College  as  instructor,  first  in 
general  pathology,  then  in  anatonn-,  and  last  in 
jjhysiology.  After  fifteen  years  of  service  as 
instructor  and  clinical  lecturer  he  occupied  the 
chair  in  genito-urinary  surgery,  which  chair  he 
still  holds.  This  is  the  medical  school  of  the 
Washington  Universit\'. 

Dr.  Bryson  is  in  the  enjoyment  of  a  large  and 
lucrative  practice,  and  is  regarded  throughout 
the  entire  West  and  South  as  being  without  a 
peer  in  the  specialty  to  which  he  has  given  the 
stu(l\-  of  a  life-time.  He  devotes  himself 
exclusi\el\-  to  the  practice  of  his  profession,  and 
has  never  held  any  public  office  of  any  kind. 
Although  he  has  never  been  connected  with  an\- 


J--r^^^y^y^^^  A^\ 


BIOC'.RAPHICAI.  APPENDIX. 


247 


]Hih!ic  enterprise  in  an  osteiitalious  iiianner,  he 
lias  al\va\s  l>eeii  a  loyal  St.  Louisaii,  and  a 
worker  for  and  contributor  to  exerytliing  de- 
sijjned  to  benefit  the  city. 

He  has  taken  particular  pride  in  the  services 
he  was  able  to  render  to  the  poor  and  to  medical 
education  in  his  larq;e  clinical  exjierience  at  the 
college  dispensary  and  in  the  hospitals.  He  has 
been  for  ten  years  surgeon  to  the  Mullanphy 
Hospital,  one  of  the  oldest  in  the  city,  and  has 
done  more  than  his  share  of  work  without  charge 
in  behalf  of  suffer- 
ing humanity. 

The  Doctor  mar- 
ried in  l>S7o  ]\Iiss 
Mary  vSterling  Win- 
ter, daughter  of 
William  I  )rew  Win- 
ter and  Sarah  (  Ster- 
ling) Winter,  of 
I!a\(in  Sara,  Lou- 
isiana. The  mar- 
riage took  place  in 
St.  Louis  and  re- 
sulted in  the  Inrth 
of  two  children — a 
bo)-  and  a  girl. 

K  i  g  h  teen  years 
after  her  marriage 
Mrs.  Hryson  died, 
and  last  year  llie 
Doctor  led  to  the  al- 
tar Miss  J  ea  n  n  i  e 
Richmond,  of  Wood- 
stock, \'ermout. 

C.\.Mi'HKi.i.,  JamI'-.s. — In  an  earlier  chapter  in 
this  work  reference  is  made  to  the  influence  of 
the  introduction  of  rapid  transit  into  St.  Louis 
on  the  city's  manufacturing,  mercantile  and 
financial  growth.  .Vs  is  pointed  out  in  that 
chapter,  ten  years  have  not  elai)scd  since  work 
was  commenced  on  tlie  first  street  railroad  of 
//"//  lie  sidle  order  in  St.  Louis,  l)ul  we  have  lo- 
ila\-  a  s\stem  of  rapid  transit  une.xcelled  in  the 
entire  country.  The  improvement  has  not  been 
the  result  of  a  general  movement  among  citizens, 
but   rather  the  outcome   of   the   enterprise  and 


JAMES     CAMPBIILL. 


perseverance  of  a  few  capitalists  and  workers, 
among  whom  the  subject  of  this  brief  sketch 
occupies  a  prominent  position  on  account  of  the 
exceptional  value  of  his  services.  For  about 
eighteen  years  he  has  been  connected  with  local 
street  railroad  interests,  directly  or  indirectly, 
and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  he  was  broueht 
into  contact  with  our  street  railroad  service  by 
being  appointed  receiver  for  a  horse-car  line, 
which,  thanks  largelx-  to  his  efforts,  is  now  an 
electric   railroad,    and   a   .source  of  profit   to  its 

owners  as  well  as  to 
those  owning  prop- 
erty' in  the  territory 
througli  which  its 
cars  run. 

Mr.  Campbell  is 
a  comp  ar  a  ti  vel  }■ 
>oungman.  He  was 
l)orn  in  Ireland,  in 
1N4.S,  but  his  recol- 
lections of  the  Old 
Country  are  more 
than  indistinct,  as 
he  was  but  two  years 
of  age  when  his  par- 
ents crossed  the  At- 
lantic and  located  at 
Wheeling, West  \'ir- 
ginia.  When  the 
war  broke  out,  young 
Camjibell,  who  was 
then  about  twelve 
years  of  age,  became 
attached  to  (General 
breniont's  staff  as  messenger.  His  promptness 
and  attention  to  duty  secured  for  him  the  friend- 
shij)  of  the  (General,  who,  when  relieved  of  his 
command,  took  the  lad  with  him  to  Xew  York, 
and  introduced  him  to  the  brokerage  business  in 
that  cil\'.  The  work  pro\ed  congenial  to  young 
Mr.  Campbell,  who  soon  jnstififtl  the  confidence 
and  friendship  of  his  benefactor  and  friend. 

Mr.  Camiibell  became  connected  with  St. 
Louis  as  the  immediate  result  of  (leneral  Fre- 
mont's interest  in  the  Southwestern  Pacific 
Railroad.      In  INT.")  the  General  acquired  a  con- 


248 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


trollin<j  interest  in  this  ci)r])()iatii)n,  and  in  llie 
following  year  young  Mr.  Campbell  was  sent  on 
to  St.  Louis,  where  he  became  a  member  of  the 
laud-office  (le])artment.  In  1S(>S,  before  he  was 
bareK'  of  age,  he  decided  to  enter  upmi  the 
practice  of  the  profession  he  had  been  studying 
for  the  last  six  years — civil  engineering,  .serving 
as  assistant  engineer  on  the  Iron  .Mountain  and 
Mi.ssouri,  Kansas  &  Te.xas  until  1^71.  In  ISTl 
he  was  appointed  chief  engineer  of  the  old  Kan- 
sas City,  Memphis  X:  .Mol)iIe  Railway,  a  position 
he  retained  until  1?^74. 

In  l.S7()  Mr.  Cam])bell  was  appointed  assignee 
for  the  Xortlnvestern  Street  Railway  Coni]iaiiy, 
of  St.  Louis,  now  better  known  as  the 
Mound  Cit\'  Railroad.  Iu)r  fourteen  nicmlhs 
he  lent  his  attention  to  the  straightening 
out  of  the  affairs  of  this  company,  and  he 
then  established  himself  as  a  stock  and 
bond  broker,  giving  especial  attention  to  local 
securities.  During  the  last  fifteen  or  si.xteen 
years  he  has  1)uilt  u])  one  of  the  largest  broker- 
asfe  connections  in  the  West,  and  he  now  occu- 
pies  a  palatial  suite  of  offices  on  the  ground  floDV 
of  the  Rialto  Building. 

Space  prevents  a  detailed  statement  of  the 
various  corporations  with  which  Mr.  Campbell  is 
connected.  Prominent  among  them  uiay  be 
mentioned  the  Mississippi  Valle\'  Trust  Com- 
])auy,  the  Kdison  Illuminating  Company,  the 
Union  Depot  Railwa\-  Company,  and  the  Citi- 
zens' Electric  Li.ght  and  Power  Company,  of 
East  St.  Louis.  Last  year  he  conducted  suc- 
cessfirll)-  the  negotiations  which  resulted  in  the 
amalgamation  of  the  LT^nion  Depot,  Mound  City 
and  liellefontaine  railway  system. 

Mr.  Campbell  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  wealth- 
iest as  well  as  the  most  reliable  business  men  of 
St.  Louis,  and  his  advice  is  eagerly  sought  for 
when  enterprises  are  suggested  involving  heavy 
expenditure. 

« 
L.xrc.Hi.ix,  Hkxkv  D.,  sou  of  Tarlton  C.  and 
Anna  (Hopkins)  I.,auglilin,  was  born  in  the 
mountains  of  Bath  county,  Kentucky,  January 
21,  liS4:8.  He  was  educated  in  a  log  school- 
hotise  near  Mount  Sterling,  Kentucky,  but  his 


education  was  interrupted  by  the  war,  which 
led  to  the  breaking  up  of  the  school  system  in 
his  district  to  a  great  extent.  .\t  the  end  of  the 
war  he  spent  two  years  on  a  farm  and  then 
entered  the  law  deiiarlment  of  the  Kentucky 
Uni\-ersity,  at  Lexington,  where  he  graduated 
in  the  class  of  lH(i;». 

He  came  to  St.  Louis  in  l-'ebruary,  ISdii,  and 
was  admiltetl  to  the  bar  in  May  of  the  same 
year  1j\-  Judge  Irwin  Z.  Smith,  of  the  Circuit 
Court.  He  then  proceeded  to  practice  law,  first 
in  partnership  with  Mr.  Charles  G.  Mauro, 
and  subsequently  alone.  In  the  year  1S7.'^  he 
was  elected  judge  of  the  Criminal  Court,  and 
occupied  the  position  for  four  years,  during 
which  he  had  to  tr\-  no  less  than  fift\"-t\\d  men 
for  nmrder  in  the  first  degree.  He  (piit  the 
bench  in  l.S<S2  in  poor  health,  and  for  about  one 
year  was  engaged  in  the  tobacco  warehouse 
l)nsiness.  The  work  was  not  at  all  congenial  to 
him, and  on  his  regaining  his  health  in  I'SS.'i  he 
returned  to  the  i)ractice  of  law  ami  entered  into 
])artnership  with  Mr.  R.  II.  Kern,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Laughlin  6c  Kern,  which  subse- 
(jnentlv  became  Martin,  Laughlin  .S;  Kern,  by 
the  admission  of  Judge  .\lexander  .Martin,  who 
is  now  dean  of  the  Ivaw  School  Universit\',  at 
Columbia,  Missouri.  The  partnership  was  dis- 
soKed  when  Mr.  ]\Iartin  mo\'ed  to  Columbia, 
and  Mr.  Kern  going  to  Chicago,  Judge  I.,augh- 
lin  took  Mr.  George  J.  Tansey  into  the  firm, 
which  became  known  as  I^aughlin  &  Tansey. 

Judge  Laughlin  is  an  able  lawyer,  well  ac- 
(juainted  with  both  ci\il  and  criminal  law,  and 
is  regarded  on  the  bench  as  exceptionally  brill- 
iant. Since  he  recommenced  practice  he  has 
been  connected  with  a  large  number  of  impor- 
tant commercial  cases,  and  he  organized  the 
National  Hollow  Brake  Beam  Company,  with 
offices  at  Chicago.  Senator  Barnum,  of  Con- 
necticut, was  the  first  president  of  this  impor- 
tant corporation,  and  Jiulge  lyaughlin  succeeded 
the  Senator  on  the  death  of  that  gentleman. 

The  Judge  married  in  March,  1.S74,  Miss  Ella 
HaN'ues,  daughter  of  Mr.  J.  H.  Haynes,  a  well- 
known  commission  man  of  St.  Louis.  He  has 
four  children — Randolph,   Hester  Bates,  Elmyr 


BIOGRAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


249 


Adams,  and  Robert  Taiisey.      He  is  now  at  the 

lieii^lit  of  liis  career,  vio^orous  alike  in  mind 
and  l)cid\-,  and  a  ln>;iciau  with  few  eejnals  in  the 
talented  l)ar  of   Missonri. 

C.KiUCXW'ooi),  MosiCS  Jr.,  is  one  of  the  actixe 
and  relial)le  real  estate  men  wdio  have  durino 
the  last  decade  assisted  so  materially  in  develop- 
in,<(  the  material  interests  of  the  cit\'  and  in  call- 
in"^  the  attention  of  ontside  cajiitalists  to  the 
intrinsic  \'alne  of  St.  Louis   pr(>])ert\'  generalh'. 

Mr.  (irccn  wood 
does  not  helont;-  to 
the  "  boom  "  order 
of  real  estate  men, 
and  his  work  has  al- 
ways been  of  a  con- 
ser\ati\e,  altlioui^h 
enert;et i c ,  character. 
His  hiirh  standing;- 
in  I  li  c  connnnnit\ 
and  his  reputation 
for  sterling  intej^rity 
has  led  to  his  being 
entrusted  with  e.K- 
■  cejjtionally  large 
sums  of  mone\  for 
in\-estment,  and  his 
clients"  interestshave 
been  i  n  v  a  r  i  a  1)  1  \- 
watched  and  w  e  1  1 
cared  for. 

He  has  been  ex- 
ce]itionally  fortunate 
in  introducing  out- 
side capital,  and  has  consummated  sc\cral  deals 
of  large  magnitude,  negotiating  the  sale  of  the 
old  Henton  farm  to  a  \'irginia  syndicate,  aiul 
selling  to  local  syndicates  large  sections  of 
l)roj)erty  in  the  western  part  of  the  cit\-,  includ- 
ing Chamberlain  Park  and  Rose  Hill,  these 
deals  inxolving  about  a  half  million  dollars. 
<  )ii  several  occasions  lu'  has  \isited  lingland, 
]Heseuting  the  merits  and  ad\antages  of  St. 
Louis  as  a  field  for  safe  inxestments,  in  1  S.SS 
selling  a  jiart  of  the  Sutton  homestead  for 
:?i'.")(),(l()0  to  bhiglish  investors,   and   in    l.S;t2  to 


MO.-'l.--.    likl.LNU  111)1).    .Ik. 


another  English  syndicate,  East  St.  Louis  prop- 
erty to  the  extent  of  considerably  more  than 
half  a  million,  and  the  same  purchasers  have 
since  arranged  to  very  largely  increase  their 
holdings  in  the  jirosperons  railroad  town  on  the 
other  side  of  the  big  bridge. 

This  successful  real  estate  operator  and  agent 
was  born  in  New  Orleans.  His  father  and 
grandfather  were  members  of  tlie  firm  of  Aloses 
(ireenwood  &  Son,  which  for  nearlv  half  a 
century  did   an  enormous  trade  in   cotton  at  a 

time  when  there  was 
big  money  in  that 
great  staple  of  the 
South.  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Roanoke 
College,  \'irginia, 
and  after  com])leting 
his  regular  studies 
he  turned  his  atten- 
tion to  ci\-il  engi- 
neering, mastering 
every  detail  of  the 
profession.  After 
graduating  with  dis- 
tinction, he  con- 
nected himself  with 
the  Mississippi 
Ri\er  Conmiission, 
occupying  the  ])osi- 
tion  of  assistant  cix'il 
engineer  for  about 
four  years.  In  l<SfS2 
lie  came  to  St.  Louis, 
the  headquarters  of 
the  River  Connnission,  and  three  years  later  in 
connectit)n  with  .Mr.  .Vlfred  Carr  started  in  the 
real  estate  business,  under  the  firm  name  of  Carr 
^  Greenwood. 

This  partnership  lasted  for  four  years,  and  iu 
LStlo  Mr.  M.  M.  Greenwood,  father  of  the  sub- 
ject of  this  .sketch,  came  to  St.  Louis  and  the 
firm  was  organized  under  the  name  of  (Green- 
wood X:  Company.  Of  the  success  of  the  firm, 
mention  has  already  been  made.  In  five  years 
its  sales  aggregated  nearly  ten  million  dollars, 
and  in  addition  to  the  work  already  spoken  of 


250 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.   LOUIS. 


it  made  a  muiiljcr  of  laii^c  ])urcliase.s  for  tlu- 
Merchants'  Hridjje  and  Teniiinal  Railway  Com- 
panies, includinii  tlic  entire-  site  of  tlie  town  ot 
Madison. 

AltlionL^li  so  acli\el\'  engaged  in  hnsiness  of 
the  first  importance,  Mr.  (ireenwood  ha.s  not 
allowed  secular  matters  to  monopolize  his  ener- 
gies and  attention.  Mo  man  has  worked  more 
earnestly  for  the  vSiinday-schools.bolli  of  the  city 
and  the  country,  than  he.  As  jjresident  of  the 
St.  Louis  Sunda\-School  Union  he  has  made 
that  1)odv  one  of  the  strongest  in  the  country, 
and  on  the  occasion  of  the  Seventh  International 
and  Second  World's  Sunday-School  Convention, 
held  in  St.  Louis,  in  September,  LS98,  his  ex- 
ecutive ability  nuule  the  gathering  a  triumph  of 
the  grandest  ])ossible  character. 

HaarsTick,  Huxkv  C,  the  president  of  the 
]\Iississippi  Valley  Transportation  Company,  has 
been  closely  identified  with  St.  Louis  for  up- 
wards of  forty  >-ears,  and  it  would  be  difficult  to 
]n)int  to  an\-  citizen  who  has  done  greater  ser\-- 
ice  for  the  city  than  has  he.  He  arrived  in 
St.  Louis  in  one  of  the  most  unfortunate  \ears 
of  its  history,  when  it  was  devastated  by  lioth 
fire  and  cholera,  and  he  has  remained  in  it  to 
see  it  grow  into  a  great  city,  influencing  the 
commerce  of  nations  and  a  model  to  the  world 
in  many  most  important  respects.  He  is  now, 
at  the  age  of  fifty-eight,  in  the  very  prime  of  life, 
and  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  reliable  and 
conservative,  although  enterprising,  men  in  the 
West. 

This  gentleuian,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  barge 
transportation,  by  which  importation  of  goods 
and  exportation  of  grain  from  St.  Louis  via  the 
river  and  New  Orleans  to  Europe  was  made 
practicable,  was  born  in  the  year  18;^(),  at 
Hohenhameln,near  Hildesheim,  in  the  Kingdom 
of  Hanover.  His  parents  were  not  wealthy,  and 
the  education  he  received  in  his  voung  boyhood 
was  of  quite  an  ordinary  character.  When  he  was 
about  thirteen  years  of  age  the  family  decided  to 
make  their  home  in  America,  and,  after  a  forty- 
nine  days'  voyage  in  sailing  vessel,  they  landed 
at  New  York.     From  that  metropolis  steamer 


was  taken  to  All)an\',  canal-boat  to  Buffalo,  and 
lluuce  by  steamer  to  Saiulusk\-,  Ohio,  from 
whith  point  a  railroad  trip  was  nun<le  to  Cincin- 
nati. The  sta\'  in  the  ( )hio  cit>'  was  not  lengthy, 
and  on  Juh'  2."),  INI'.I,  the  Haarstick  family 
landed  in  the  city  which  has  since  been  the 
home  of  the  subject  of  this  brief  article. 

After  studying  for  a  few  years  Mr.  Haarstick, 
Jr.,  in  b'ebruary,  1S.")3,  obtained  eU)plo\ineut  in 
the  firm  of  Maloney  S:  Tilton,who  were  carrying 
on  a  distilling  business  on  a  large  scale.  The 
work  assigned  to  him  was  of  a  character  cal- 
culated to  bring  out  those  qualities  which  have 
since  made  him  famous.  Recognizing  that  what- 
e\er  is  worth  doing  is  worth  doing  well,  Mr. 
Haarstick  lent  his  entire  energies  to  his  duties, 
and  after  nine  )-ears  of  faithful  service  he  was 
made  a  ]->artner  in  the  firm.  The  total  destruc- 
tion of  the  firm's  projJertx'  b\'  fire  in  the  same 
year  terminated  the  partnership,  and  Mr.  Haar- 
stick, purchasing  his  associates'  interest  and 
the  good-will,  rebuilt  the  works  and  ran  them 
for  a  time  alone.  After  some  four  or  five  years 
he  sold  out  on  very  favorable  terms  to  Messrs. 
Card  &  Lawrence,  who  proceeded  to  conduct  the 
business  themselves. 

For  some  time  ^^r.  Haarstick  had  noticed 
that  there  was  a  grand  oj^ening  in  the  river 
transportation  business.  Having  outlined  some 
]ilans  for  establishing  this  on  a  uujre  strictl\' 
commercial  basis,  he  proceeded  to  purchase 
stock  in  the  Mississippi  Valley  Transportation 
Company,  the  only  barge  Hue  at  that  time,  and 
soon  after,  in  bStiJl,  he  was  elected  a  director  of 
this  company  and  was  at  once  nuide  its  vice- 
president.  Superintendent  Greenleaf  died  about 
this  time,  and  Mr.  Haarstick  became  general 
manager  of  the  company.  He  recognized  at 
once  that  the  company  was  in  a  somewhat  em- 
barrassed condition,  and  it  became  his  business 
and  also  his  delight  to  re-establish  it  on  a 
thoroughly  firm  basis. 

That  he  succeeded  is  of  course  a  mere  uuitter 
of  hi.story.  In  ISISI  he  had  got  affairs  in  such 
a  condition  that  a  sale  was  made  to  the  St.  Louis 
and  Mississippi  Valley  Transportation  Company, 
a  new  corporation  with  a  capital  of  $2,(100, ()()(), 


nn H.RA nine  al  a rri-.Nnix. 


251 


wliich  aljsorbed  the  four  l)ar.i>;e  lines  and  placed 
tlieni  under  one  management.  The  usual  cry  of 
monopoly  was  of  course  raised,  but  it  has  been 
generally  recognized  that  the  amalgamation  was 
a  grand  thing  for  the  commerce  of  the  city. 
The  existing  lines  had  not  been  making  mone\-, 
and  as  a  natural  conseejuence  their  equipniL-ul 
Iiad  been  allowed  to  run  down  and  the  service- 
was  unsatisfactory.  The  new  ser\ice  was  in- 
fniitely  better  in  e\'cry  resj^ect,  and  the  rate  of 
freight  between  vSt.  I^ouis  and  New  Orleans  has 
since,  and  is  now,  \-er\-  uuu'h  lower  than  at  au\- 
jjrcvious  time. 

-Mr.  Ilaarslick  continues  to  be  the  guiding 
spirit  o\  this  company,  although  he  is  ably 
assisted  by  his  son,  Mr.  William  T.  Haarstick, 
its  vice-president.  The  conipan\-  owns  twelve 
\er\'  fine  tow-boats  and  one  hundred  barges,  and 
it  has  sufficient  equipment  to  carry  2, .")(•(), Odd 
bushels  of  grain  to  \cw  Orleans  jier  month.  It 
is  now  carr\iug  about  1  il,()(((i,(l(lii  bushels  of 
grain  for  export  annually,  in  addition  to  l.")(),()l)() 
tons  of  other  freight.  It  owns  large  elevators  at 
I>elniont,  Missouri,  and  at  New  Orleans,  having 
also  llnating  steam  ele\-ators  at  the  latter  point 
for  the  transfer  of  grain  from  barges  to  ocean 
\x-ssels.  At  the  present  price  of  grain  it  will  be 
understood  how  difficult  it  is  to  ship  to  ICurope 
wilhdul  incurring  a  loss.  It  lias  been  Mr.  Ilaar- 
stick's  endeax'or  to  reduce  the  expense  to  the 
lowest  ])ossible  jioint,  and  lie  has  succeedeil 
so  thoroughh-  in  doing  this  that  llie  ri\'er  car- 
riage cost  is  now  five  cents  per  bushel,  as  com- 
])ared  with  rates  nearly  three  times  as  high 
wliich  prevailed  in  the  days  of  incompetent 
e(|uipuieul  and  insoKx-ut  corporatit)ns.  Mr. 
Haarstick  was  also  the  first  to  bond  a  water 
route  for  dutiable  goods,  and  although  the  com- 
pany lias  handled  vast  quantities  of  foreign 
merchandise,  it  has  done  so  to  the  entire  satis- 
faction of  the  (iovcrnmcut,  as  well  as  of  its 
customers. 

.Mr.  Haarstick  is  nalnralK-  t)f  a  retiring  dis- 
position, and  honors  lia\e  liad  to  be  thrust  uixni 
him  from  time  \.o  time.  The  honored  list  of 
]n"esidents  of  the  Merchants'  Kxchange  contains 
the    name   of   no   man    who   presided  more   ablv 


o\er  that  important  body  than  that  of  this 
gentleman.  He  is  also  first  \-ice-])resident  and 
a  director  in  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Company,  and 
is  connected  with  other  important  financial  in- 
stitutions. He  is  a  walking  encyclopedia  on  all 
matters  connected  with  ri\er  transiiortation,and 
his  acquaintanceship  among  ri\-er  men  is  unirjue. 
In  private  life  he  is  generous  to  a  fault,  and  his 
contributions  to  charitable  and  benevolent  ob- 
jects have  always  been  on  a  lavish  scale.  He 
married  in  IMII  Miss  Elise  Hoppe.  In  addition 
to  the  s(Mi  already  mentioned,  Mr.  and  ]\Irs. 
Haarstick  have  two  highly  accomplished  daugh- 
ters. 

b'oRDVCK,  vS.^MiKi.  \V. — Ranking  very  high 
among  the  able  coterie  of  railroad  men  who 
manage  the  roads  running  outward  from  St. 
Louis,  like  the  threads  of  a  sjMder-web,  is 
Samuel  \V.  Fordyce,  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
Southwestern  Railway,  popularly  known  as  the 
"  Cottcni  Belt."  He  was  born  Februarv  7, 
l'S40,  in  (juernsey  county,  Ohio,  and  his  par- 
ents' names  were  John  and  Mary  Ann  Fordyce. 
He  was  given  a  good  ]n-iinar\-  etlncation  in  the 
common  schools  of  the  place  in  which  he  was 
born,  and  subsequently  took  the  higher  and 
finishing  courses  at  Madison  College,  Union- 
town,  Pennsxhania,  and  at  the  North  Illinois 
I'uiversitN',  at  Henry,  Illinois. 

The  effect  of  the  first  employment  in  life  is 
frequeul]\-  to  determine  the  wlu)le  subsetpuut 
career,  and  it  seems  to  have  done  so  in  tiiis  case, 
for  after  leaving  school  the  first  position  that 
offered  was  that  of  station  agent  at  a  little  town 
on  the  line  of  what  was  then  known  as  the  Cen- 
tral Ohio  RaiKva\',  Init  which  has  since  become 
part  of  the  Baltimore  S:  Ohio.  Tliis  was  in 
lS(;ii,  and  he  held  the  sitnaticm  for  only  a 
short  time,  the  war  being  the  can.se  which  im- 
jiellcd  him  to  leave  private  employment  in  behalf 
of  public  defense.  In  July,  1S(>1,  he  enlisted  as 
a  jnixale  in  Comjiany  B,  b'irsi  ()hio  \'olunteer 
Ca\alry.  He  saw  e.xceptionalh-  rt)Ugh  and  dan- 
gerous service,  but  it  afforded  him  many  oppor- 
tunities to  demon.strate  his  courageous  and  sol- 
dierly qualities.      A  .second  lieutenancy  was  the 


252 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


first  reward  conferred  on  him,  and  he  was  soon 
afterward  made  a  first  lieulenaiil  and  captain  of 
cavalrv,  snccessiveiy.  His  last  ])romotion  made 
him  assistant  insjiector-jji^eneral  of  ca\alry,  with 
an  assignment  to  dnt\'  in  tlie  ca\alry  corps  of 
the  Army  of  tlie  Cnmberland. 

After  the  war  he  went  to  Alabama  and  estab- 
lished the  banking  honse  of  Fordyce  &  Rison, 
al  IIunts\ilk-.  In  1.S7(>  he  mo\-ed  to  Arkansas, 
locating  at  Mot  Springs,  and  resuming  the  rail- 
road business.  In  l-S^l  he  was  made  vice-pres- 
ident and  treasurer  of  the  Texas  &  St.  Louis 
Railroad  Company,  and  in  18So  was  appointed 
receiver  of  the  same  road.  A  year  later  saw  its 
reorganization,  with  its  name  changed  to  the 
St.  Louis,  Arkansas  iS:  Texas  Railway,  and 
Colonel  Fordyce  as  its  president;  but  in  Ls.sii 
the  road  again  fell  into  the  hands  of  a  recei\er, 
and  Colonel  Fordxcc  was  a  second  time  ap- 
]3oiuted  to  that  office.  The  second  reorganiza- 
tion was  followed  b}-  another  change  of  name, 
the  road  becoming  the  St.  Louis  Southwestern, 
with  Colonel  b\)rd\ce  as  its  president,  an  office 
he  yet  holds,  uuiintaining  his  headquarters  at 
St.  Louis. 

Colonel  Fordvce  has  alwavs  been  a  close  stu- 
dent of  ])olitics  and  an  enthusiastic  participant 
in  political  camjjaigus,  although  he  has  never 
allowed  such  i)ursuits  to  interfere  with  his  busi- 
ness by  the  acceptance  of  any  but  an  honorary 
office.  He  is  a  staunch  Democrat,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  Alabama  State  Democratic  Cen- 
tral Committee  in  1-^74.  He  was  sent  as  a  del- 
egate from  Garland  connt\',  Arkansas,  to  the 
State  Gubernatorial  Convention  in  1880;  in 
1884  he  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  State  Ju- 
dicial Convention,  and  was  afterward  made  a 
member  of  the  National  Democratic  Committee 
for  Arkansas,  serving  as  such  from  1884  to  1888. 
He  was  likewise  a  delegate  to  the  National 
Democratic  Convention  at  Chicago,  in  1884,  and 
again  in   1892. 

Colonel  Fordyce  was  married  at  Huutsville, 
.\labama.  May  I,  l.S()(),  to  Miss  Susan  E.  Chad- 
wick,  daughter  of  Rev.  Dr.  Wm.  D.  Chadwick, 
pastor  of  the  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church 
of  Huutsville. 


Okthweix,  Ch.\rlks  F.,  was  born  in  Wur- 
temberg,  Germany,  near  Stuttgart,  in  the  year 
bSHIt.  He  came  to  this  country  in  IS.').'),  and 
was  a  memlicr  of  the  firm  of  Haenschen  ^  Orth- 
wcin,  from  iNtii'  until  b'^Td,  al  which  date  the 
firm  of  Orthwein  ti  Mersman  was  formed.  Mr. 
Mersman  retiring  in  lH71t,  the  two  brothers, 
C.  F.  and  W.  D.  Orthwein,  formed  a  partnership, 
which  continued  as  one  of  the  strongest  concerns 
in  the  grain  commission  and  exporting  business 
in  tlie  city  until  l'SH3.  C.  F.  Orthwein  is  now 
at  the  head  of  the  firm  of  Charles  F.  Orthwein 
(S:  Sons,  composed  of  himself  and  two  sons, 
whose  offices  are  in  the  Tvaclede  Building. 

Charles  F.  Orthwein  is  a  typical  German- 
American.  Interest  in  his  native  countr\-  con- 
tinues unabated.  He  loves  to  dwell  u]iou  the 
history  of  the  land  of  his  fathers;  and  follows 
with  dee]i  concern  the  st-ruggles  and  progress  of 
a  people, which,  in  his  judgment,  is  destined  to 
raise  the  cause  of  good  go\erument  and  ci\iliza- 
tion,  and  upon  whose  fate  depends  the  hapi)i- 
ness  of  so  many  of  his  former  associates.  Hut 
that  is  the  extent  of  his  allegiance.  He  is  a 
citizen  of  his  adopted  country  without  reserva- 
tion. If  he  insists  upon  many  of  the  customs 
and  perhaps  e\'en  views  of  his  native  country,  it 
is  in  the  l)elief  that  the  welfare  and  prosjicrily 
of  the  American  people  depend  upon  the  ready 
acceptance  of  what  is  good  and  strong,  and  the 
successful  denial  of  what  is  bad  and  weak,  in  the 
se\eral  peoples  whose  representatives  go  to 
nuike  up  this  nation.  If  it  be  true  that  in  both 
respects  citizens  ha\-e  nuich  to  learn  from  each 
other,  he  for  his  part  has  accepted  and  sur- 
rendered in  the  spirit  in  which  lie  thinks  others 
should;  and  he  may  therefore  in  the  best  sense 
be  called  an  American. 

A  man  of  very  decided  views,  he  is  an  un- 
swerving Democrat  in  principle;  but  on  the 
other  hand  is  strongly  disinclined  to  submit, 
when  in  his  judgment  a  good  princi]de  has  been 
offended  or  even  injured  by  an  unworthy  nomi- 
nation. In  other  than  national  elections  he 
inclines  to  independence  in  voting.  As  a  mer- 
chant, while  progressive  and  bold,  he  has  at  all 
times, with  all  his  determination  of  purpose  and 


'^^^^u^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


253 


enertjy,  endeavored  to  hold  l)iisiness  within  the 
legitimate  lines  of  trade  and  commerce,  and  to 
save  it  from  the  inevitable  demoralization  of 
unmixed  specnlation. 

All  in  all,  he  mnst  Ije  classed  with  that  com- 
paratively small  body  of  men  who  by  a  union  of 
enterprise  and  conservatism  aids  in  gniding  and 
shaping  the  interests  of  a  large  communit\'. 

HuiiiARD,  HoRACK  W. ,  the  general  freight 
agent  of  the  \'andalia,  occnpies  his  ])resent  posi- 
tion both  by  reason 
of  his  fine  bnsiness 
([nalifications  as  well 
as  that  he  has  earned 
the  responsible  office 
1  ly  a  longedncational 
course  in  the  school 
of  practical  railroad 
experience.  He  is  a 
]>rodnct  of  that 
strong  and  resource- 
ful Yankee  stock 
which  has  contrib- 
uted si)  much  to  the 
reclamation  and 
civilization  of  a  great 
continent,  and  was 
born  November  7, 
is;{;>,  in  the  little 
Inwn  of  Morgan, \er- 
niont.  In  his  b()\'- 
hood  he  attended  the 
common  schools  of 
his  nati\'e  place,  l)nt 
before  his  courses  therein  were  completed,  he 
left  school  and  came  west  in  quest  of  that  suc- 
cess which  he  felt  certain  the  more  extended  op- 
portunities of  the  new  country  would  afford  him. 

His  railroad  career  was  begun  at  Tolano.  Illi- 
nois, in  March  !«.')«,  when  he  began  work  as  a 
switchman  for  the  IllinoisCentral  Railrt)ad.  Dur- 
ing the  succeeding  year  (IS.')!*)  he  acted  as 
clerk  to  the  station  agent  al  Tuscola,  Illinois, 
for  a  short  time,  and  left  that  place  to  accept  the 
position  of  chief  freight  clerk  at  Mattoon,  Illi- 
nois,  for  the  St.  Louis,  Alton  X:   Terre    Haute 


Railroad.  His  business  capacity  had  by  this 
time  won  the  notice  and  favor  of  his  superior 
officers,  and  in  July,  l.S(;(),  he  received  substan- 
tial evidences  of  the  fact  in  his  appointment  as 
station  agent  at  Pana,  Illinois,  where  he  served 
until  November,  lS(i:>.  In  that  month  he  was 
changed  back  to  Mattoon  by  the  road,  and  there 
acted  as  station  agent  until  the  end  of  the  year 
l.S(;.i. 

In  December,  bsii.'),  he  was  gi\-en  a  great  ad- 
\ance,  being  ]iromoted  at  one  step   from  station 

agent  to  general 
freight  agent  of  the 
Vandalia,with  head- 
quarters at  vSt.  Louis. 
Here  he  has  served 
ever  since  in  that 
cajjacit}-,  and  it  is 
stated  that  he  has 
held  his  office  more 
consecutive  years 
t  h  a  n  any  other 
freight  agent  in  the 
United  States. 

The  ele\ation  of 
:\Ir.  Hibbard  to  the 
office  he  now  holds 
has  more  than  justi- 
fied in  e\ery  way  his 
superior  officers' 
original  estimate  of 
liini.  His  executive 
ability  and  bnsiness 
capacity  proved 
equal  to  tlie  great 
responsibilities  of  the  office  from  the  beginning. 
Few  roads  in  the  countrv  have  to-day  a  better 
managed  freight  department  than  the  \'andalia. 
He  is  a  hustler  for  business  and  commands  the 
confidence  of  his  superior  officers  and  the  resjiect 
and  friendship  of  the  army  of  employes  under 
him.  His  manner  is  really  kindly  and  genial, 
and  he  imi)resses  one  on  first  meeting  him  with 
his  evident  genuinene.ss. 

February  4,  lS(i;{,  Mr.  Hibbard  was  married 
to  Miss  Caroline  E).  Sears,  of  Slielbyville,  Illi- 
nois.    They  have  one  child — a  daughter. 


HORACE   W.    HIBBARD. 


254 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.   LOUIS. 


Wii.KKRSoN,  IvDWAKD,  tilt'  litad  of  the  Cove- 
nant Mutual  Life  Insurance  Conipau}-,  of  St. 
Louis,  is  one  of  the  southern  colon\-  in  this  city. 
Virjfiuia  is  his  nati\e  State,  althou.tjh  he  was 
reared  in  .Mississippi.  lie  is  the  son  of  Philip 
and  vSusan  (  War!e\- )  Wilkersou,  and  was  born 
Noxeniber  1!*,  1S27,  in  Bedford  count\-,  near 
Ln  nchburg,  \'iri;inia.  It  was  in  \>>'.\\\^  when  he 
was  six  years  old,  that  the  family  moved  to 
Mississippi.  Here  he  recei\-ed  his  first  school- 
iusr,  but  left  his  books  when  cle\en  \ears  of 
age  to  accept  a  position  as  clerk  in  a  t^eneral 
store,  and  while  here,  at  idle  moments  turned 
his  attention  to  learning  book-keeping,  with  the 
result  that  at  sixteen  he  was  made  book-keeper 
of  the  house. 

When  he  was  nineteen  years  old,  the  Mexi- 
can war  was  in  ]5rogress,  and  he  left  his  books 
and  enlisted  in  the  h'ifth  Louisiana  \'()lunteers. 
He  served  but  four  months,  however,  as  but 
one  regiment  was  asked  for  from  Louisiana  and 
six  were  sent,  and  his  regiment  was  one  which 
was  sent  back,  (^n  his  discharge  he  went  to 
Vicksburg  and  found  enri)loymeut  in  a  store  as 
clerk,  then  went  to  Mem])his,  still  following  the 
same  occupation,  and  in  1S.")()  came  to  St.  Louis. 
Here  he  took  up  the  auction  business  for  two 
years,  and  then  became  the  book-keeper  for 
Pomery  Burton. 

In  l'St)4  the  wholesale  dry  goods  firm  of 
Hastings-Wilkerson  was  formed.  In  ISliT  he 
withdrew  from  the  firm  and  bought  an  interest 
in  the  dry  goods  house  of  Jno.  G.  Allen  iS: 
Sons,  from  which  he  severed  relations  in  LSiiii 
to  accept  the  general  agency  of  the  insurance 
company  with  which  he  is  still  connected,  and 
to  the  presidency  of  which  he  was  first  elected 
in  1870. 

Mr.  Wilkersou  is  an  active  Democrat  and  has 
ser\ed  his  city  as  police  commissioner,  and  his 
party  as  chairman  of  the  Ninth  Congressional 
District  Committee  for  a  decade.  He  is  a 
prominent  Odd  Fellow  and  has  held  the  highest 
places  of  trust  in  that  order. 

On  February  lo,  l.S(jO,  he  was  married  to 
Miss  Virginia  Cline,  of  St.  Louis.  They  have 
five  children. 


Mason,  I.saac  Mason,  the  son  of  Morgan 
and  Parmclia  (Stevenson)  Mason,  was  born  in 
Hrownsville,  Pennsylvania,  on  the  4th  of  March, 
ls;il.  His  educational  advantages  were  in  the 
public  and  jirivate  schools  in  the  connt\-  in 
which  he  was  born  and  which  he  utilized  with 
the  faithfulness  and  energ\-  that  has  character- 
ized all  of  the  efforts  of  his  life. 

Owing  to  a  limitation  of  circumstances  he  was 
obliged  to  commence  his  business  career  at  an 
early  age.  His  first  em])loyment  was  that  of  a 
flour  ])acker  in  a  flouring  mill,  and  soon  after  as 
clerk  in  a  general  store.  He  then  became  a 
steamboat  clerk,  navigating  the  Monongahela 
ri\er,  first  serving  on  the  steamers  Consul  and 
Atlitnlii\  that  ran  afterwards  from  Pittsl)urgh, 
Pennsylvania,  to  St.  Louis. 

In  that  service  he  displaced  a  great  energy 
and  ambition  to  ])romote  the  interests  of  his 
employers,  never  believing  that  a  personal  sac- 
rifice of  comfort  and  convenience  could  be  lost, 
which  soon  attracted  their  favorable  attention, 
and  he  was  t)ffered  the  commaiul  of  a  boat.  To 
that  habit  of  industry  and  earnest  api)lication  to 
the  discharge  of  a  duty,  he  owed  all  his  future' 
success,  and  it  forms  an  example  which  the 
young  man  of  to-day  can  profit  by. 

That  generous  offer  of  his  river  associates  in- 
cluded a  one-fourth  interest  in  a  new  steamer 
which  was  built  and  called  the  Siniiiii//,  and  of 
which  he  took  command.  At  that  time  he  was 
onh'  nineteen  years  and  four  mouths  of  age,  and 
the  \-oungest  captain  on  the  rivers  of  the  Missis- 
sippi \'alle}-.  That  sj^lendid  start  in  life,  al- 
though eminently  gratifjing  to  the  young  officer 
of  a  steamboat,  was  only  the  logical  result  of 
integrity  and  faithful  discharge  of  dut\-. 

Soon  after  he  became  captain  of  the  .SV/ww/V, 
a  fa\-orable  opportunity  occurring,  that  boat  was 
sold,  and  he  took  a  position  as  clerk  of  the  I lon- 
diiras  and  afterwards  of  the  Aiislralia,  owning 
part  interest  in  the  latter  boat.  Then  he  suc- 
cessively commanded  the  steamers  Fred.  Lo- 
rense,  Sai'a/nm/i  and  Haii'k  Tlyc  .Slate. 

In  1852  he  was  running  in  the  ^lissouri  ri\'er 
trade,  as  far  up  as  Omaha  and  Council  Bluffs. 
At  that  time   the  condition  of  the  countr\-  was 


DIOGRAPHICA L  APPENI )/.\'. 


255 


such  tliat  the  boats  carried  axes  with  which  to 
cut  their  own  wood  for  fuel.  In  1X()0  the 
Norllicni  Transjiortatioii  IJne  was  organized. 
It  operated  in  the  trade  of  the  upper  iVIississi])])i 
river.  Cajitain  Mason,  who  Ijecaine  a  stock- 
liolder  in  tliis  line,  was  tlicn  ai)i)ointed  its  .(gen- 
eral freif^ht  assent,  with  hea(I(|narters  at  St. 
T/Miis,  which  jiositiini  he  held  for  eleven  years, 
ha\ing  been  in  the  employ  of  the  company  for 
a  period  of  fifteen  )ears. 

In  ISTli  he  was  elected  to  the  position  of  mar- 
shal of  Si.  l^ouis  county,  which  then  included 
the  cit\'.  After  the  adoption  of  the  scheme  and 
charter,  separating  the  cit\'  and  county,  he  held 
his  full  official  term,  and  was  then  re-elected 
marshal  of  the  city. 

In  l.ssi)  he  was  elected  to  the  office  of  sheriff, 
and,  discharging  the  duties  of  the  position  with 
such  fidelity  to  the  ])ublic  interest,  he  was  com- 
pelled to  accept  a  second  term  and  succeed  him- 
self, it  being  the  third  instance  in  which  a 
Republican  sheriff  succeeiled  himself  in  that 
office  in  the  history  of  the  cit\-.  Not  only  does 
that  public  compliment  attach  to  his  reputation, 
l)Ut  it  was  conceded  \t\  mendjers  of  both  ])arties 
that  he  could  ha\-e  been  elected  a  third  time  if 
he  had  consented   to  be  a  candidate. 

In  b'^i'^^l  he  was  appointed  general  superin- 
teudenl  of  the  St.  Louis  and  New  Orleans  An- 
chor Line  steamers,  and  three  years  later,  in 
li^HT,  he  was  made  jjresident  of  that  important 
line,  consisting  of  ten  steamers.  Si.x  of  these 
steamers  run  from  .St.  Louis  to  New  ()rleaus. 
In  Jamiary,  LSH:^,  Ca])lain  Mason  was  almost 
nnanimnnsK'  elected  to  the  presidency  of  the 
.St.  Louis  Merchants"  Ivxchange. 

lie  was  married  November  lli,  1S.')2,  ti)  Miss 
Mary  Tiernan,  of  Brownsville,  Pennsylvania, 
his  nati\'e  town,  and  llu-ii"  children  are:  Charles 
r.,  William  H.,  deorge  M.,  iMank  I.  and  Mary 
I'. — all  lix'ing. 

Such  are  the  inleresling  features  of  a  useful 
and  valuable  lile,  whii'h  is  the  outgrowlli  of  an 
ancestry  composed  of  slurily  I'eunsyKauia  slock, 
ihe  mother  of  Captain  Mason  being  a  uuMuber 
of  the  vSociety  of  l''riends,  of  which  William 
I'enn  was  the  lirst  to  settle  in  that  State. 


Wni'r.M.W,  Ch.\ri,K.S  Edw.VRD,  is  a  mend)er 
of  a  family  which  has  given  to  the  agricultural 
iiulnstr\-  many  of  the  inventions  that  have  made 
it  one  of  the  most  important  in  this  country. 
The  first  mendier  of  it  to  settle  in  the  United 
.States  was  John  Whitman,  who  came  from 
Holt,  I^ngland,  and  made  his  home  in  Wev- 
nionth,  Massachusetts,  about  itiiV).  He  was 
recognized  bv  all  the  early  settlers  as  a  man  of 
distinction,  and  his  name  figures  conspicuously 
in  the  eai^ly  liistory  of  the  colonies  as  one  of  the 
men  selected,  for  recognized  integrity  and  abil- 
ity, to  act  as  arbitrator  in  disputes  between  the 
Puritans. 

His  son  followed  closely  in  his  father's  foot- 
stejxs,  aiul  was  an  influential  man  among  the 
citizei;s  of  Wevmouth.  After  him  came  the 
soldier  of  the  family,  a  man  who  fought  under 
Washington  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and 
rendered  signal  service  to  the  cause  of  liberty. 
His  son  was  Luther  Whilnian,  who  was  born  in 
Bridgewater,  Massachusetts,  March  10,  l.S()2. 
He  married  Pamela  Elizabeth  McDuffy,  who 
came  from  a  Maine  family.  She  was  born  in 
vSouth  Berwick,  Maine,  March  IL  I'^^oi;,  and  is 
still  living  at  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  a  hale 
and  cheerful  woman  of  eighth-eight.  Her  hus- 
band was  one  of  the  first  men  who  manufactured 
agricultural  implements  in  the  United  States. 

Charles  K.  Whitman,  one  of  tlie  sons  of  this 
remarkable  ci)uple,  first  acquired  his  interest  in 
the  business  in  whiidi  he  was  emploved  in 
watching  his  father's  direction  of  the  work- 
ing the  factcu'y  where  the  implements  were 
hammered  out.  He  was  born  in  Wintrop, 
June  -<•,  ls;i,S,  and  went  to  the  public  scliools 
of  that  ]dace.  Later  he  was  sent  to  academies 
in  Monnumth  and  Wintrt)p,  where  he  studied 
assiduously  until  he  was  sixteen  vears  old. 
Then  he  left  the  academy  and  took  cliarge  of 
the  l)ooks  of  his  father's  business  for  four  years. 
Then  the  Walter  .\.  Wood  Machine  Company 
offered  him  a  reunineralive  jdace  with  their 
concern,  and  he  accepted  it. 

He  introduced  the  machines  of  the  compan\- 
in  New  Kngland,  and  after  two  years  he  was 
sent   to  Chicago  to  manage    the  western  sale.s 


256 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPEXPIX. 


departmeiil.  His  lcriili)i\  tlicii  extended  from 
Ohio  to  tlie  Pacific  Coast,  llie  part  of  tlie  coun- 
trv  where  most  of  the  reapiii.y;  and  inowiiis;  ma- 
chines were  sokl.  .Mr.  Wliitman  jiuslicd  liis 
work  forward  energeticallv,  and  by  IsTn,  w\\ 
vears  later,  he  had  bnilt  np  a  gigantic  trade 
with  all  the  farming  districts  west  of  the  Alle- 
ghanies. 

The  great  Chicago  fire  was  an  epoch  in  his 
life.  Every  bnsiness  in  the  city  halted  for  a 
while,  of  course,  and  in  this  interval  Mr.  Whit- 
man, after  con.sidering  the  prospects,  decided  to 
establish  his  own  business.  Resigning  the 
management  of  the  Wood  house,  he  came  to 
St.  Louis  in  1S71,  and  with  his  brothers,  Henry 
and  (instavus  Wliilnian,  established  the  busi- 
ness which  has  grown  to  its  present  inii)ortant 
proportions. 

The  venture  was  successful  in  the  highest 
degree  from  the  beginning,  and  in  l.ST.J  it  was 
found  advantageous  to  incorporate  the  concern. 
This  was  done  under  the  name  of  the  Whitnuin 
Agricultural  Company,  with  Charles  E.  Whit- 
man as  president  and  general  manager,  and 
Henrv  Whitman  as  secretary.  The  brothers 
continue  to  divide  the  work  and  responsibility 
in  this  way. 

Among  the  triumphs  of  the  subject  of  this 
.sketch  is  the  Whitman  baling  press,  which  ob- 
tained the  grand  gold  medal  at  the  Paris  Expo- 
sition of  1889,  as  well  as  a  special  prize  for  the 
best  work  in  the  field,  awarded  by  the  French 
government.  At  the  World's  Fair,  twenty-one 
highest  awards  were  secured,  and  the  firm's  suc- 
cess was  phenomenal. 

Mr.  Whitman  is  a  member  of  the  INIauufact- 
urers'  and  Lumbermen's  Exchange;  of  the  Im- 
plement and  Vehicle  Association,  and  of  the 
Merchants'  Exchange.  He  is  a  Mason  of  the 
Blue  Lodge  and  Scottish  Rite,  and  a  hard  work- 
ing member  of  the  Mercantile  Club  and  of  the 
Jockey  Club. 

In  October,  1872,  Mr.  Whitman  married  ^liss 
Annie  R.  Waterman,  a  daughter  of  Hon.  A.  P. 
Waterman,  who  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 
prominent  and  influential  citizens  of  Beloit, 
Wisconsin. 


HouSER,  I).\xiiu.  M. — On  a  luxccding  page 
in  this  work,  mention  is  made  of  the  national 
rejiulation  which  St.  Louis  newspapers  have  ac- 
quired, and  more  particularly  of  the  great  success 
of  the  ( ilolu-ncniocral ,  which  is  now  occupying 
one  of  the  most  complete  and  well-arranged 
newspaper  office  buildings  in  the  Ihiited  vStates. 
This  work  would  not  be  complete  without  at 
least  a  ])assing  reference  to  the  President  of  the 
Rom])anv  which  owns  this  magnificent  building 
and  influential  newspaper.  This  is  Mr.  Daniel 
M.  llouser,  one  of  the  best-known  newspaper 
men  and  jjublishers  in  the  West.  He  is  looked 
njjon  in  St.  Louis  as  one  of  its  safest  men,  com- 
bining enterprise  and  conservatism  to  an  extent 
wliicli  is  seldom  found  in  one  man.  As  Presi- 
dent of  the  Crlobc  Printing  Conqjany  he  has 
been  acting  business  nuinager  of  that  paper 
since  its  pid)lication  under  its  present  name,  and 
prior  to  that  lu- had  made  himself  known  in  con- 
nection with  his  excellent  work  on  the  f  ilobe, 
which  he  established  in  connection  with  Mr. 
William  McKee,  about  twenty-two  \ears  ago. 
The  Globe  made  its  influence  felt  immediately 
on  publication,  and  within  three  years  it  became 
consolidated  with  the  Democrat,  its  senior  by 
about  a  quarter  of  a  century. 

Mr.  Houser  is  a  native  of  .Maryland,  but  has 
resided  in  ^Missouri  almost  from  infanc)'.  He  is 
the  son  of  Mr.  Elias  Houser  and  Mrs.  Eliza 
Houser,  formerly  Miss  Malott,  and  his  parents 
resided  at  the  time  of  his  birth,  on  December 
2;-5,  l.s;i4,  in  Washington  counl\-,  Maryland. 
The\-  mo\ed  some  four  years  later  to  Clarke 
counts'  in  this  State,  where  the  sidjject  of  this 
sketch  attended  the  country  public  schools  until 
l.S4ii,  when  the  removal  of  his  parents  to  .St. 
Louis  enabled  him  to  secure  better  educational 
ad\-antages. 

.\fter  stutUing  three  years  in  the  ])ublic 
schools,  he,  in  l!^.")l,  secured  a  position  in  a 
lunnble  capacity  in  the  ofhce  of  the  I  iiioii. 
Like  the  majoritv  of  men  who  occupy  a  fore- 
most position  in  .St.  Louis  commercial  life,  .Mr. 
Houser  commenced  at  the  very  ])ottom  of  the 
ladder  and  made  his  way  unaided.  His  progress 
was  very  rapid,  for  he  did  his  work  so  well  that 


//Y^L^^e/— 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


Ihl 


liis  employers  almost  immediately  promoted  him 
to  a  more  important  position. 

He  was  with  the  C'nioii  when  Messrs.  Hill 
and  McKee  purchased  it  and  merged  it  with  the 
Missouri  Democrat.  His  upward  proj^ress  con- 
tinued unchecked  until  the  Honorable  Francis 
P.  Hlair  bou<^ht  out  Mr.  Hill,  when  Mr.  Houser, 
who  had  just  attained  his  majority,  was  ap- 
])ointed  book-keeper  and  general  manager. 
Not  long  after  he  bought  out  Mr.  Blair  and 
secured  a  large  interest  in  the  firm  of  McKee, 
I'ishback  iS:  Company.  For  the  next  ten  years 
he  acted  as  business  and  financial  manager  of 
the  paper,  and  although  this  decade  included 
the  war  years,  he  made  the  paper  such  a  suc- 
cess that  Mr.  Fishback  finalh'  purchased  the 
interest  of  his  two  partners  for  a  trifle  less  than 
half  a   million  dollars. 

This  transaction  led  to  the  establishment  of 
the  .SV.  Louis  Globe,  of  which  Mr.  Houser  be- 
came business  manager.  The  new  paper  started 
out  full  of  life  and  energy,  and  three  years  later 
Messrs.  .McKee  and  Houser  repurchased  their 
stock  in  the  amusingly  misnamed  Republican 
newspaper,  the  Democrat.^  and  the  Globe-Demo- 
crat, whose  subsequent  career  has  been  so  re- 
markable and  influential,  came  into  existence. 
Mr.  McKee  became  president  of  the  new  com- 
l)an\-  and  retained  the  ])osition  until  his  sudden 
death  in  December,  IS7!I,  when  Mr.  D.  j\I. 
Houser  succeeded  him.  He  has  thus,  for  about 
fifteen  years,  been  in  absolute  control  of  the 
business  section  of  one  of  the  most  important 
])apers  in  the  country. 

SocialK',  Mr.  Houser  is  exceedingly  popular, 
and  his  kindness  of  heart  is  proverbial.  Rec- 
ognizing the  fact  that  his  position  gave  him 
exceptional  and,  perhaps,  a  sliglitly  unfair  ad- 
vantage, he  has  kept  scrupulously  aloof  from 
jiarlisan  jiolitics,  and  has  alwa\s  refused  to  ac- 
cejit  office  of  any  kind,  although  he  has  been 
often  asked  to  depart  from  his  resolution  in  this 
respect.  He  is  regarded  by  the  newspaper  fra- 
ternity as  one  of  the  ablest  newspaper  managers 
in  the  country,  and  he  is  a  personal  friend  aiul 
adviser  o{  each  of  his  numerous  employes. 

In  iJ^tii'  Mr.  Houser  married  Miss  Maggie  In- 
17 


gram,  of  this  city.  The  result  of  this  union  was 
two  sons  and  a  daughter.  The  oldest  son,  Will- 
iam M.,  is  now  treasurer  of  the  Globe  Printing 
Company,  and  the  younger,  Mr.  Daniel  M.,Jr. ,  is 
also  in  that  compan\-'s  employ.  Mrs.  Houser 
died  in  F'ebruary,  1880,  and  on  January  2;^, 
1889,  Mr.  Houser  married  Miss  Agnes  Barlow, 
daughter  of  Stephen  D.  Barlow,  by  whom  he 
has  three  children.  The  family  resided  in  a 
very  pleasant  home  at  1724  Chouteau  avenue, 
but  Mr.  Houser  has  just  erected  an  exception- 
ally handsome  house  at  4.')25  West  Pine  street. 

Cruxden,  Frederick  Morg.\n,  deserves 
special  mention  in  a  record  of  the  achievements 
of  the  leading  citizens  of  St.  Louis,  on  account 
of  his  faithful  labors  in  behalf  of  a  free  library. 
W'heu  Mr.  Crunden  began  to  agitate  the  ques- 
tion of  the  abolition  of  the  small  fees  charged 
at  the  Public  Library,  he  received  little  encour- 
agement, except  of  a  symjiathetic  character,  and 
few  people  thought  he  would  succeed  in  his  cru- 
sade. He,  however,  persevered,  in  spite  of  dis- 
couragement, and  pointed  out  again  and  again, 
with  much  force,  that  the  small  fees  charged 
pressed  most  heavily  on  those  least  able  to  pay 
them,  and  that  they  were  a  distinct  tax  upon 
study  and  a  hindrance  to  those  in  search  of  a 
higher  education.  The  old  Public  School  Li- 
brary, now  kuow-n  as  the  Public  Library,  is  now 
free  in  fact  as  well  as  name,  and  that  Mr.  Crun- 
den was  correct  in  his  estimates  and  deductions 
is  evidenced  by  the  enormous  increase  in  the 
attendance  and  demand  for  books. 

The  man  who  has  the  distinction  of  being  the 
first  librarian  of  the  first  public  free  librar\-  in 
St.  Louis  is  of  F;nglish  descent.  His  parents, 
Benjamin  R.  and  Mary  (Morgan)  Crunden,  re- 
sided at  Gravesend,  at  the  mouth  of  the  river 
Thames,  in  luigland,  where,  on  September  1, 
1S48,  p'rederick  .M.  was  born.  He  was  brought 
to  America  when  he  was  an  infant,  and  soon 
entered  the  public  schools  of  this  city. 

Mr.  B.  R.  Crunden  died  when  Frederick  M. 
was  quite  young,  leaving  Mrs.  Crunden  with 
two  young  sous.  The  St.  Louis  Public  Libra- 
rian   attributes   all    his   success    in   life  to   his 


258 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


mother's  noble  example   aiul   admirable    Iraiii- 

When  thirteen  years  of  age  he  entered  the 
High  School,  with  a  higher  percentage  than  any 
other  applicant,  and  he  graduated  frcini  the 
High  School  with  snch  honors  that  he  was 
awarded  the  scholarship  of  Washington  Univer- 
sity given  to  the  first  in  the  gradnating  class. 

Skipping  the  Freshman's  class  he  entered 
the  Sophomore  class,  and  graduated  with  hon- 
ors in  18t)!l.  For  about  eight  months  he  taught 
in  the  University  Academy,  and  was  next  ap- 
pointed principal  at  Jefferson  School.  In  the 
following  year  he  was  made  principal  of  the 
Benton  School,  and  opened  the  new  building  on 
Ninth  and  I^ocust  streets.  His  next  position 
was  as  professor  of  elocution  at  Washington 
University,  bnt  at  the  close  of  the  term  of  LSTli 
he  was  compelled  to  resign  this  position  on  ac- 
count of  weakness  of  the  throat.  After  spend- 
ing the  winter  in  Colorado  he  was,  on  January 
7,  1877,  installed  as  librarian  of  the  Public 
School  Library  in  the  old  Polytechnic  Building. 
He  at  once  commenced  a  system  of  reform  in 
the  management  of  the  library,  and  in  a  few 
years  had  brought  it  to  a  high  state  of  perfec- 
tion. By  nature  a  book-lover  and  collector,  he 
adopted  a  system  of  cataloguing  which  proved 
a  great  advance  on  past  efforts,  and  the  librar)- 
soon  became  a  favorite  resort  of  students  and 
scholars,  as  well  as  of  the  pupils  of  the  public 
schools,  for  whose  use  the  library  was  originally 
designed.  In  1889  the  American  Library  Asso- 
ciation recognized  the  ability  of  Mr.  Crundeu 
by  making  him  its  fourth  j^resident,  and  quite 
recently  he  was  offered  the  librarianship  at  the 
Newberry  Library  at  Chicago,  a  position  he 
declined  at  the  earnest  solicitation  of  the  library 
committee,  and  because  he  was  anxious  to  com- 
plete the  great  work  he  had  undertaken  so  zeal- 
ously here. 

As  a  public  citizen  Mr.  Crunden's  position  is 
very  high.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Mercantile 
Club,  and  was  one  of  the  earliest  members  of  the 
University  Round  Table  and  McCulloch  clubs. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Artists'  Guild  and 
an  enthusiastic  worker  on  the  executive  com- 


mittee of  the  Missouri  Civil  Service  Reform  .\s- 
sociation. 

In  June,  l><8!t,  Mr.  Cruuden  married  Miss 
Kate  Ivdmoudson,  daughter  of  the  late  Ivchnnnd 
J.  Ivlnioudson,  a  distinguished  English  tenor 
singer  and  musical  director,  whose  name  fre- 
quently appeared  in  high-class  ])rogramnies 
in  Manchester  and  the  North  of  England. 
Their  only  son  is  named  Frederick  lulmondson 
Crundeu. 

AxDKKSON,  William  T.,  president  of  the 
Farmers'  Elevator  Company,  and  e.x-president 
of  the  Merchants'  E.xchange,  is  one  of  the  most 
influential  grain  men  in  the  West.  He  is  a  man 
of  intense  earnestness  and  of  high  uKiral  char- 
acter, and  he  has  won  for  himself  the  respect 
and  admiration  of  all  classes  of  citizens,  includ- 
ing in  this  term  all  connected  with  the  Mer- 
chants' Exchange,  and  also  politicians  of  all 
shades  of  opinion.  Mr.  Anderson  is  one  of  the 
few  wealthy  citizens  who  have  been  persuaded 
to  take  an  active  part  in  the  administration  of 
local  affairs.  Some  three  years  ago,  when  there 
was  so  much  complaining  about  the  administra- 
tion of  public  affairs,  people  generally  looked 
around  for  some  reliable  man  who  could  be  sent 
to  the  Council  and  influence  legislation  in  the 
right  direction.  Mr.  Anderson  was  persuaded 
to  make  the  necessary  sacrifice  of  his  time  and 
accept  the  nomination  on  the  Democratic  ticket. 
He  received  not  only  the  full  vote  of  his  own 
party,  but  the  support  of  a  large  number  of  Re- 
publicans, who  saw  in  him  a  business  man  who 
would  introduce  into  municipal  politics  the  same 
principles  which  had  nuide  him  wealth}'  and  re- 
spected in  his  private  career.  Both  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  City  Council,  and  as  president  of  the 
Merchants'  Exchange  during  the  year  l^^itH,  Mr. 
Anderson  cemented  his  hold  on  the  affections 
and  respect  of  the  people.  His  fearless  exposure 
of  wrong  while  in  the  Council  has  been  com- 
mented upon  with  special  favor,  and  he  has  not 
given  a  vote,  while  in  ofhce,  which  could  be 
regarded  as  open  to  suspicion  or  censure. 

Mr.  Anderson  is  a  Missouriau  by  birth.  He 
was  born  in  Randolph  county,  Missouri,  in  1842. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


259 


When  he  was  quite  \-onno;  he  was  taken  by  his  about,  have  already  been  spoken  of.  That  Mr. 
parents,  Benjamin  and  Sarali  (Westlake)  An-  Anderson  is  a  Democrat  has  ahiiost  been  forgot- 
derson,  to  CoIuml)ia,  and  lie  was  raised  within  ten  since  his  election,  because  his  work  has  been 
sight  of  the  State  University.  His  parents  were  so  strictly  business-like  in  character  that  he  lias, 
well-known  and  substantial  citizens,  and  he  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties,  lost  sight  of  mere 
himself  commenced  business  in  Columbia  as  a  party  questions.  He  has  served  with  marked 
grocer  and  queensware  merchant.  Succeeding  success  on  the  committees  on  municipal  affairs, 
beyond  his  expectations,  he  soon  became  enabled  claims  and  legislation,  public  improvements  and 
to  acquire  the  well-known  Columbia  Mills,  which  wa)s  and  means.  He  has  made  himself  con- 
he  operated  with  marked  success  for  several  years,  spicuous  by  insisting  that  suitable  men  be  ap- 
Earlyin  the  eighties,  Mr.  Anderson  determined  jiointed  to  responsible    positions,  and    has    not 


to  locate  in  a  metro- 
])olitan  city,  in  order 
that  the  1  a  u  d  a  b  1  c 
ambition  which  he 
felt  should  have  full 
scope  for  operation. 
He  accord ingl)-  lo- 
cated in  St.  I^ouis, 
and  immediately  be- 
came identified  with 
the  commission  busi- 
ness, establishing  the 
firm  of  W.  T.  An- 
derson X:  C<.)m])any. 
From  the  first  he 
was  a  popular  and 
influential  member 
of  the  Merchants' 
Exchange,     a  n  d 


«  II  I  I  \M     I  .    AM)1  K>I)S. 


served  that  body  in 
several  capacities 
until  the  year  IfSii;}, 
when,  as  a  1  read  \' 
mentioned,     he    was 

elected  to  the  highest  office  within  llic  gift 
of  the  mend)ers.  He  made  a  ver\'  progres- 
sive ])resi(lcnt,  and  it  was  during  his  adminis- 
tration that  the  long-needed  changes,  including 
the  reorganization  and  practical    rebuilding  of     addition  to  being  president  of  the  Fanners'  Ele- 


allowed  mere  party 
obligations  to  blind 
his  judgment  in 
matters  of  a  strictly 
business  character. 
Thanks  largely  to 
his  efforts,  first-class 
men  are  at  the  head 
of  more  than  one 
important  city  de- 
partment, and  every 
municipal  officer 
feels  that  he  has  Mr. 
Anderson  behind 
him  in  any  effort  to 
do  right,  regardless 
of  consequences. 

Another  m  at  I  er 
which  brought  .Mr. 
.\nderson  iiromi- 
ncntly  to  the  frtnit 
as  a  local  legislator 
was  the  way  in  which 
he  insisted  upon  a 
pro])er  collection  of  ta.xes  of  all  character. 

While  attending  to  his  public  duties  Mr.  An- 
derson has  also  been  very  successful  in  his  own 
affairs.     He  is  now  quite  a  wealthy  man,  and  in 


the  Exchange,  were  finalh'  got  into  ]iroper 
shajie.  The  improxements,  which  are  now 
nearly  conijileted,  bear  out,  in  e\ery  respect,  the 
expectations  of  Mr.  Anderson  and  those  who 
gave  support  to  his  policy. 

His  election  to  the  Cit\-  Council,  and  the  con- 
ditions   and    indeed    abuses    which    l)rou"lit    it 


vator  Comjiany,  he  is  also  director  and  a  large 
stockhokler  in  the  St.  Louis  National  I5ank. 

On  September  •'~',  1S(>S,  Mr.  .Xuderson  married 
Miss  Itettie  (iertnule  Baker,  of  Columbia,  by 
wlunn  he  has  had  five  children.  His  early  asso- 
ciations with  Columbia  have  caused  him  to  re- 
tain for  that  town   a   most  friendh'  interest,  and 


260 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


he  has  recently  erected  an  electric  li<(ht  and 
water  plant  at  Colnmbia,  at  a  cost  of  nearly  a 
hundred  thousand  dollars.  This  plant  was  com- 
pleted durinj;  last  year,  and  is  of  inestimable 
value  to  the  little  Missouri  town  so  intimateh- 
connected  with  State  education  and  learnino;. 

EiSEMAN,  Benjamix,  or  "Hen"  Eiseman,  as 
he  is  known  to  his  hundreds  of  friends  in  St. 
Louis  and  the  territory  wdiicli  his  firm  supplies 
with  dry  goods,  is  one  of  the  most  prominent 
men  in  the  wholesale  trade  of  this  city.  He  is 
the  credit  man  and  general  financial  and  office 
manager  of  the  firm  of  Rice,  Stix  &  Company, 
in  which  he  is  also  a  partner.  His  reputation 
for  sound  common  sense  is  of  the  highest,  and 
he  is  frequently  consulted  by  his  business  friends 
and  associates  on  matters  involving  the  invest- 
ment of  large  stims  of  money,  and  on  special 
points  of  commercial  policy.  But  to  know  Mr. 
Eiseman  thoroughly  and  to  appreciate  his  ster- 
ling merits  at  their  true  worth,  one  must  come 
in  contact  with  him  in  social  life.  He  is  kind- 
hearted  to  a  fault,  and  is  always  ready  to  lend 
his  hand  and  heart  towards  bettering  the  condi- 
tion of  his  fellow-men.  No  charity  in  the  city 
of  St.  Louis  asks  in  vain  for  his  assi.stance,  and 
he  is  exceptionally  broad-minded  in  his  benevo- 
lence, neither  the  creed  nor  race  of  an  applicant 
for  relief  having  any  influence  at  all  upon  his 
actions.  The  essential  qualities  of  his  make-up 
are  very  similar  to  those  which  attracted  world- 
wide admiration  in  Sir  Moses  Montefiori  during 
the  most  active  part  of  his  long  life.  Like  all 
men  who  have  a  large  acquaintance  among 
commercial  travelers,  Mr.  Eiseman  is  a  prince 
among  entertainers,  and  his  pleasant  home  on 
Pine  street,  two  blocks  east  of  Grand  avenue,  is 
the  scene  of  frequent  gatherings  and  reunions 
of  the  most  interesting  character. 

Mr.  Eiseman  is  about  sixty  years  of  age,  hav- 
ing been  born  in  Baden,  Germany,  in  the  year 
18;-5H.  His  parents  were  Mr.  J.  W.  and  Mrs. 
Fanny  ( Kaufman)  Eiseman,  and  the  former 
died  when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  but 
fourteen  years  of  age.  This  compelled  him  to 
leave  school  and  commence  to  earn  his  own  liv- 


ing, so  that  the  bulk  of  his  education  has  been 
obtained  by  pri\-ate  study  out  of  office  hours. 
For  about  five  years  young  luseman  clerked  in 
a  mercantile  and  banking  establishment  at 
Baden,  but  in  the  \ear  l.s.')t  he  decided  to  come 
to  America  and  map  out  a  career  for  himself. 

Settling  in  Philadelphia,  the  young  immi- 
grant attended  school  for  one  year  .so  as  to  make 
himself  acquainted  with  the  language  of  the 
country  of  his  adoption.  An  uncle,  who  was  in 
the  dry  goods  business  at  Davenport,  Iowa,  then 
offered  him  a  clerkship,  which  he  accepted. 
Later  he  did  similar  work  at  St.  Joseph,  Mi.s- 
souri,  and  shortly  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war 
he  removed  to  Memphis.  In  that  city  he  be- 
came acquainted  with  Messrs.  Henry  Rice  and 
William  Stix,  and  these  three  enterprising  gen- 
tlemen established  a  wholesale  and  retail  dry 
goods  house  in  that  war-stricken  city.  Besides 
establishing  this  new  business  on  a  sound  foot- 
ing, Wk.  Eiseman  lent  his  aid  to  the  vigorous 
effort  made  to  restore  Memphis  to  a  more  satis- 
factory condition  commercially.  He  assisted  in 
the  organizing  of  several  insurance  com]xinies, 
and  also  worked  very  earnestly  on  behalf  of  the 
First  National  Bank,  of  which  organization  he 
became  a  director. 

In  the  year  1<S()7  the  wholesale  business  of 
Rice,  Stix  &  Compau}-,  as  the  new  firm  was 
styled,  had  become  so  extensive  that  it  was 
deemed  advisable  to  abandon  the  retail  branch, 
and  the  house  became,  what  it  is  to-day,  an  ex- 
clusively wholesale  dry  goods  company.  As  a 
result  of  the  yellow  fever  epidemic  of  l!S7!i,  the 
firm  established  a  house  in  St.  Louis,  selecting 
as  quarters  a  store  on  Broadway,  between  Locust 
and  St.  Charles  streets.  In  1881  the  great  suc- 
cess of  the  St.  Louis  house  led  to  the  headquar- 
ters of  the  firm  being  moved  entirely  to  this 
city,  the  Memphis  establishment  not  being 
continued.  The  wisdom  of  the  change  has 
been  thoroughly  shown,  for  vSt.  Louis  has  now 
become  one  of  the  leading  wholesale  centers  in 
the  country,  more  especially  in  dry  goods,  no- 
tions and  furnishing  goods,  in  which  Rice,  Stix 
&  Company  are  very  prominent.  The  premises 
first   secured  soon  proved   inadequate   for  their 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


261 


purpose,    and   the   larger   hovise  at  the  corner  of  bottom  of  the  ladder  to  the  responsible  position 

Broadway  and  St.  Charles  street  was  also  out-  of    vice-president    and    general    auditor   of   the 

grown  by  the  end   of  the   year   1889,  the  firm  great  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  system.     He  is 

moving  on  New  Year's  Day,  1890,  to  the  com-  about  fift}-  years  of  age,  and  although  born  in 

mercial  ])alace  the}'  now  occupy  on  Washington  the  State  of  Ohio,  is  a  thorough  western  man 

avenue  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  street.     The  mem-  in  his  instincts  and  habits,  and  more  jjarticularly 

bers  o[  the  firm  are  Henry  Rice,  William  Stix,  in  his  in(Iustr\'  and  lo\'e  for  hard  work.     He  has 

Jonathan  Rice,  Benjamin  Eiseman,  David  Eise-  resided  in  Missouri  ever  since  the  war,  and  for 

man  and  Elias  Michael.     All  of  these  men  enjoy  about  a  quarter  of  a  century  has  been  a  St.  Louis 

the  respect  and  confidence  of  a  large  section  of  man,  and  a  firm  believer  in  the  importance  and 

the  dry  goods  trade  of  the  country,   and  more  future  of  the  cit\'  of  his  ado])tion. 


especially  in  the 
Southern  and  South- 
western States. 

As  already  men- 
tioned, the  subject 
of  this  sketch  has  en- 
tire cont  rol  of  the 
financial  and  oflRce 
management  of  the 
main  establishment; 
Mr.  Henry  Rice  tak- 
ing charge  of  the  ex- 
tensi\c  branch  office 
at  New  York.  :\Ir. 
Eiseman  is  a  promi- 
nent member  of  the 
Mercantile,  Harmo- 
nic and  FairCjrounds 
Jocke)-  clubs,  and  no 
movement  for  the 
betterment  of  tlu' city 
of  St.  Louis  has 
failed  to  secure  his 
hearty  co-operation. 


C.  <i.  \N  AkNI-.k. 


He  was  born  in 
Zanesville,  Ohio,  on 
December  28,  1844, 
his  parents  being 
Daniel  and  Juliette 
Hester  Warner.  He 
was  naturally  a 
bright,  intelligent 
boy,  and  while  at- 
tending the  public 
schools  at  Chilli- 
cothe  in  his  native 
State  he  advanced 
\cry  rajjidly  in  the 
rudiments  of  educa- 
tion. A  course  of 
study  at  Washington 
Academy,  Washing- 
ton, Kentucky,  fur- 
ther equip])ed  him 
for  the  battle  of  life, 
but  he  left  without 
graduating,  at  the 
age  of  fifteen.  From 
lis  own   wa\-   in   the 


He  is  also  a  director  in  the  Conliueulal  National      lliat    time   lie    has    fiiughl 

Bank,  and  gi\es  his  entire  attention  to  business      world,  and  his  success  is  due  entirely  to  his  per- 

and  financial  matters.     He  has  never  taken  a     severance,  integrity  and  sterling  common  sense. 


prominent  part  in  ])olitics,  and  is  looked  upon 
as  one  of  the  most  liberal-iuiiided  uieii  on  all 
questions  that  vSt.  Louis  jiossesses.  He  is 
strictly  a  self-made  man,  and  has  great  sym- 
[Jathy  for  young  men  who  are  endeavoring  to 
make  tlu-ir  wa\-  in  tlu'  world  against  hea\\'  odds. 

\\'akm;r,   Ciiaki.i:.s  (ini.i.i':,  an   exiierieiiced 


The  best  opening  that  presented  itself  to  him 
on  leaving  college  was  a  clerkship  in  a  dr\- 
goods  house  at  Alton,  Illinois,  a  city  which  at 
that  time  was  much  more  imjiortant,  compara- 
ti\ely  s])eaking,  tli.m  it  is  now.  He  quickh- 
secured  the  confidence  of  his  employers,  and 
would  probably  have  made  his  mark  in  the 
commercial  world  but  for  the  fact  that  on  the 


railroad   inau,  has  worked   his  wa\   up  from   llu-      outbreak  of  the  war  he  abandonetl  the  dr)- goods 


262 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


counter  for  the  battlefield.  (ii\ing  the  contro- 
versv  between  North  and  Soutli  his  careful 
attention,  he  decided  to  enlist  in  the  Thirt>- 
second  Regiment  of  ^Missouri  Infantry  \'olun- 
teers,  which  was  commanded  by  Colonel  F.  M. 
Manter,  of  St.  Louis.  He  joined  the  regiment 
as  a  private  in  l.S(J2,  serving  with  a  large  num- 
ber of  gentlemen  who  have  since  risen  to  prom- 
inence in  this  section,  among  them  being  Judge 
A.  J.  Seav,  who  has  since  become  Governor  of 
Oklahoma. 

Mr.  Warner  had  risen  to  the  rank  of  captain 
by  the  time  his  term  of  service  had  expired.  On 
being  mustered,  out  Captain  Warner  located  on 
a  farm  in  Jefferson  county,  this  State.  He  found 
farming  fairly  profitable,  but  finally  abandoned 
it  for  a  more  active  career.  Hunting  around  for 
a  position  he  accepted  the  first  vacancy,  which 
was  delivery  clerk  in  the  employ  of  the  Great 
Western  Despatch,  which  was  operating  on  the 
Ohio  &  Mississippi  Railroad.  His  aptitude  for 
railroad  work  was  peculiarly  demonstrated  in 
this  comparatively  humble  position,  and  in  lS(i!) 
a  clerkship  was  offered  him  in  the  St.  Louis 
offices  of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad. 

From  that  time  forward  Captain  Warner's  ad- 
vance has  been  rapid.  Although  not  backed  up 
by  any  special  influence,  he  has  been  promoted 
again  and  again,  until  he  has  finally  become,  as 
already  stated,  vice-president  and  auditor  of  one 
of  the  largest  railroad  systems  in  the  world. 

Captain  Warner  married  Miss  Anna  Cecilia 
Roden  long  before  prosperity  came  to  him.  He 
has  three  daughters  who  reside  with  him  in  his 
elegant  St.  Louis  home.  He  is  very  popular  in 
railroad  and  also  in  commercial  and  society  cir- 
cles, and  is  a  member  of  the  Mercantile  and 
other  clubs. 

RvAX,  O'Neill,  son  of  Richard  Ryan,  native 
of  Tipperary,  Ireland,  civil  engineer,  and  Mar- 
garet (O'Neill)  Ryan,  a  daughter  of  Oliver 
O'Neill,  one  of  the  heroes  of  '98,  was  born  in 
St.  Louis,  January  5,  18G0 — six  years  before  his 
father's  death. 

He  attended  the  public  schools  at  St.  Louis, 
and  even  in  his  early  boyhood  developed  great 


abilitN'  as  an  elocutionist.  His  great  ambition 
was  to  acquire  a  classical  education,  but  at  the 
age  of  thirteen  years  he  was  compelled  to  begin 
work  on  his  own  account.  After  a  few  years 
he  entered  the  law  office  of  Hon.  Given  Camp- 
bell (in  the  capacity  of  office-bo)- ),  one  of  the 
leading  lawyers  in  the  West.  Mr.  Campbell  at 
once  recognized  his  sterling  qualities,  and  bv 
guiding  his  studies  enabled  him  to  a  great  ex- 
tent to  make  up  the  lack  of  collegiate  training. 

When  only  twenty  years  of  age  Mr.  Ryan 
passed  his  examination  in  the  Circuit  Court  at 
St.  Louis  with  great  credit  to  himself,  and  at 
once  began  the  practice  of  law.  Starting  out 
under  his  friend  and  guide,  Mr.  Campbell,  he 
mapped  out  a  course  for  himself,  and  was  soon 
recognized  as  one  of  the  ablest  members  of  the 
bar  in  the  Circuit  and  Federal  courts  in  St. 
Louis.  Mr.  Ryan's  special  forte  is  pleading. 
He  has  a  large  clientage,  and  ne\'cr  lets  an  im- 
portant point  escape  attention.  He  continues 
to  keep  up  the  high  standard  his  talents  and 
energy  have  established,  and  is  much  feared  by 
opposing  counsel,  especially  in  jury  cases. 

He  has  inherited,  to  a  marked  degree,  the 
patriotism  and  loyalty  of  his  ancestors.  To  his 
mother  he  owes  the  strong  indi\'idualit\-  which 
has  marked  his  career,  and  his  steadfastness  of 
purpose  and  perseverance  in  the  right.  To  her, 
also,  he  owes  his  unfailing  faith  in  the  people 
and  their  right  and  capacity'  to  govern  them- 
selves. The  love  of  liberty  has  been  instilled 
from  his  earliest  infancy,  and  his  speeches  in 
fa\()r  of  greater  freedom  for  the  oppressed  peo- 
ple of  Ireland  are  but  the  natural  result  of  the 
earl}'  training  and  strong  character  of  a  noble 
mother,  who  knows  so  well  how  much  and  how 
long  her  native  land  has  suffered. 

Mr.  Ryan  has  been  connected  with  the  Irish 
National  League  of  America  since  IJ^HI,  and  in 
1884,  at  Boston,  was  elected  first  \-ice-presi- 
dent,  and  was  unanimously  elected  chairman  at 
the  last  convention  in  Chicago.  He  was  the 
orator  of  the  day  in  New  York,  at  the  Acadeiu}- 
of  Music,  March  4,  1892,  at  the  Emmet  cele- 
bration, and  also  at  Philadelphia  in  March,  1894. 
In  the  summer  of  1892  he  was  one  of  three  com- 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


263 


missioners  sent  to  Ireland  bj'  the  National 
Leajjuc  to  endeaxor  to  unite  the  warring  fac- 
tions in  tlu-  Irish  Parlianientar\-  party. 

In  ISiHl  he  was  elected  vSnjirenie  Chancellor  of 
the  IvCgion  of  Honor,  a  prominent  local  organi- 
zation, and  discharged  the  duties  of  this  impor- 
tant office  with  singular  ability.  In  l>Si:l2  he 
responded  to  the  toast,  "The  Day  We  Cele- 
lirate,"  at  the  banquet  of  the  Knights  of  St. 
Patrick,  of  which  he  is  a  distinguished  member. 

When  an  almost  friendless  boy,  with  but 
limited  opportuni- 
ties, hews  a  path- 
wa^"  for  his  own  ad- 
\'  a  n  c  e  m  e  u  t ,  and 
scales  the  heights  of 
success  and  honor, 
the  world  should 
gladl\-  make  record 
of  his  name.  We  are 
all  too  prone  to  think 
of  aman's])resent  ]X)- 
sitiou  as  something 
which  has  always 
existed.  Mr.  Ryan 
to-day  views  the  fut- 
ure from  the  van- 
tage ground  his  own 
efforts  have  raised ; 
l)nt  with  this  he  is 
not  content,  ami  his 
studious  habits  and 
careful  work  promise 
still  greater  jjrofes- 
sional  advancement. 

In  St.  Louis  Mr.  Ryan's  ability  as  an  orator 
is  thoroughly  appreciated,  and  he  is  usually  the 
first  man  called  u])on  to  assist  on  occasions  where 
a  brilliant  speech  is  desired.  IK-  has  spoken  in 
nearly  every  large  city  in  .America.  He  is  an 
orator  in  the  broad  sense.  His  words,  at  will, 
tlow  zi])hyr-like,  bearing  the  roses'  sweets,  and 
hid  defiance  to  logic  and  reason,  or  fall  in  clear- 
cut  sentences  of  deliberate  argument.  There 
is  in  him  that  remarkable  and  almost  inimi- 
table versatility  which  fits  him  for  the  ros- 
trum or  the   political   meeting,  and   makes  him 


OM  Ml     k^  AN. 


a  power  before  a  jury  or  iti  an  appellate  court. 

Mr.  Ryan  is  a  bachelor,  and,  being  a  great 
reader,  ])ays  but  little  attention  to  society. 

In  politics  he  has  always  been  a  Democrat, 
and  acti\e  in  every  campaign  in  the  city  of 
St.  Louis,  where  he  is  very  popular.  He  has 
wisely  left  office  to  his  friends  and  devoted  him- 
self to  his  profession. 

P>rKi,Kir,H,  William  John,  M.D.,  was  born 
in    Providence,  Rhode  Island,  August  1"),  1855, 

in  t li e  com  m  o  n 
schools  of  which  city 
he  acquired  his  early 
education,  graduat- 
ing from  the  Provi- 
dence High  School 
in  1872,  when  he 
began  a  collegiate 
course  at  the  Fount- 
ain Academy,  then 
under  the  control  of 
the  Christian  Broth- 
ers. 

In  bsyt  he  came 
west  with  his  par- 
ents, James  K.  and 
Mary  (McShea)  Bur- 
leigh, and  in  1^71* 
he  began  the  slndv 
of  medicine  in  the 
Homceopathic  Med- 
ical College  of  Mi.s- 
souri,  attending  one 
sessiononly.  In  1880 
he  entered  the  Missouri  ^Medical  College,  and 
graduated  in  the  spring  of  1888.  In  Julv  he 
went  to  Philadelphia,  and  attended  the  Hahne- 
mann Medical  College  of  that  city  for  one  year, 
graduating  in  spring,  18S4.  He  then  returned 
to  St.  Louis,  and  has  ever  since  made  this  city 
his  home.  The  Doctor  has  figured  \ery  promi- 
neiUly  in  connection  with  the  homceopathic 
brethren  as  clinician  of  the  Homceopathic 
.Medical  College  in  18.S4,  which  position  he  con- 
tinned  to  fill  until  called  to  the  chair  of  profes- 
sor of  clinical  medicine  and  physical  diagnosis. 


264 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


He  severed  his  connection  with  the  college  in 
1891.  He  has  always  evinced  a  lively  interest 
in  the  State  National  Onards,  having  at  one 
time  carried  a  musket  in  the  ranks  of  the  famous 
"  Rainwater  Rifles;"  he  has  also  been  appointed 
and  acted  as  assistant  surgeon  of  the  First  Regi- 
ment, N.  G.  M.,  with  the  rank  of  captain.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  famous  "  Marquette  Club." 
Dr.  Burleigh  is  a  polished,  cultured  and 
graceful  gentleman,  suggestive  of  the  olden 
school,  yet  possessed  of  all  the  vigor,  ambition 
and  "  get  up  and  get"  of  the  modern.  He  is 
in  the  prime  of  life,  and,  as  yet,  travels  the 
social  world  in  single  harness.  The  Doctor  has 
worked  earnestly,  early  and  late,  never  flagging 
in  his  energy,  and,  as  a  result,  he  has  now  that 
of  which  any  man  might  well  feel  proud. 

Clark,  S.  H.  H.,  president  and  general  man- 
ager of  the  Union  Pacific  Railroad,  and  whose 
excellent  work  for  the  Missouri  Pacific  led  to  his 
being  also  elected  president  of  that  mammoth  sys- 
tem, is  probably  the  best  known  and  most  influ- 
ential railroad  man  west  of  the  Mississippi  river. 
His  work  in  connection  with  the  Union  Pacific 
Railway,  has  been  of  the  highest  possible  order, 
.so  much  so  that  when  on  the  death  of  Mr.  Jay 
Gould,  Mr.  Clark  was  elected  president  of  the 
Missouri  Pacific  Railroad,  the  directors  of  the 
Union  Pacific  ignored  his  resignation  and  insisted 
on  his  continuing  at  their  head,  at  least  for  a 
time.  Their  importunity  and  determination 
met  with  the  desired  result,  and  finally  the  dif- 
ficulties were  adjusted  by  Mr.  George  Gould 
accepting  the  presidency  of  the  Missouri  Pacific, 
leaving  Mr.  Clark  at  the  head  of  the  corpora- 
tion whose  affairs  he  had  straightened  out  so 
ably. 

The  details  of  Air.  Clark's  early  life  are  mea- 
ger, but  enough  of  them  is  known  to  show  that 
he  owes  all  his  prosperity  and  reputation  to  his 
own  individual  exertions.  To  say  that  he  is  a 
self-made  man,  is  to  use  an  expression  repeated 
so  frequently  that  it  has  lost  its  real  significance. 
Mr.  Clark  was  born  on  a  farni  near  Morristown, 
New  Jersey.  His  father  was  not  a  wealthy 
man,  and   when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 


Init  eleven  years  of  age,  an  accident  to  Mr.  Clark, 
Sr.,  threw  the  son  upon  his  own  resources. 
Hunting  around  for  employment  which  would 
provide  food  and  clothing,  young  Clark  found 
a  jiosilion  in  as  tone  quarry,  where  he  worked 
for  some  time.  P'ortunately  he  was  of  a  studious 
disposition  and  continued  his  studies  at  night, 
although  often  too  tired  after  a  hard  day's  work 
to  do  much  reading. 

While  still  a  boy  he  obtained  employment  on 
a  local  railroad.  His  position  was  an  humble 
one,  but  he  gave  it  the  most  careful  attention 
and  rapidh'  rose  in  the  ranks.  F'inally  he  be- 
came conductor  of  a  passenger  train  running 
out  of  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania.  Here  his  ster- 
ling abilities  made  themselves  evident,  and  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  Mr.  Sidney  Dillon,  of 
New  York,  who  formed  a  strong  friendshij)  for 
the  intelligent  and  handsome  ct)nductor,  and 
finally  appointed  him  general  manager  of  the 
Flushing  Railroad  on  Long  Island.  The  inter- 
est of  Mr.  Dillon,  a4id  his  New  York  associates, 
were  so  well  looked  after,  that  when  Mr.  Dillon 
secured  a  controlling  interest  in  the  Union  Pa- 
cific s)stem  in  l.S(;,s,  Mr.  Clark  was  sent  for 
and  was  ap])ointcd  first  general  freight  agent. 
Promotion  followed  rapidly,  and  the  name  of 
second  vice-president,  and  general  manager, 
Clark,  very  soon  became  a  household  word  in 
national  railroad  circles. 

It  was  while  discharging  the  arduous  duties 
of  this  position  that  Mr.  Clark  first  came  into 
contact  with  Mr.  Jay  Gould,  and  a  very  warm 
friendship  sprung  up  between  the  great  railroad 
king  and  the  gentleman  who  was  so  faithfully 
watching  the  interests  of  those  who  had  placed 
their  trust  in  him.  In  1.SS4  Mr.  Gould  per- 
suaded Mr.  Clark  to  accept  the  general  manage- 
ment of  the  Gould  southwestern  system,  and 
from  November  1886  he  had  full  control  of  that 
magnificent  system,  with  its  7,000  miles  of 
track,  and  its  earnings  of  nearly  thirty  millions 
per  annum.  When  Mr.  Gould  secured  a  con- 
trolling interest  in  the  Union  Pacific,  he  at  once 
selected  Mr.  Clark  as  president. 

Mr.  Clark  is  not  yet,  by  any  means,  an  old 
man,   although  his  attention  to  details  and  gen- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


265 


era!  hard  work  have    somewhat    impaired    his  his  likes  and  dislikes,  of  mature  and  wise  judg- 

health.      He  is    a    man  of    very  fine  presence,  ment,  a  liberal    provider    for    his    familv,    and 

considerably    above    the    average    height,    and  a    hospitable    and    constant    entertainer   of   his 

very  deliberate  and  convincing  in  his  speech.  friends.      He  was  the  son  of  Robert  Jones  and 

his   wife,    Nancy  Talbott.     This   Robert  Jones 

JoxK.s,  Brf.ckixkidge,   was  born  October:?,  was  the  son  of  a  Baptist  preacher,  John  Jones 

is.'ii;,   near  Danville,  Boyle  county,  Kentucky,  and  his  wife,   Elizabeth  Elrod,   whom  he    had 

His  father  was  Daniel  Wni.  Jones,  who  married,  married  at  Shallow  Ford,  then  in  Yadkin  county, 

October  l!^,    1S42,   Rebecca  Robertson  Dunlap.  North  Carolina,  and  came  to  Kentucky  among 

He  was  a  merchant    and  extensive  farmer  and  its    earliest    settlers,    living    in    Bryant   Station 

trader  in  Central  Kentucky,  until  the  breaking  more  than  a  year.     This  John  Jones  was  a  son 


out  of  the  civil  war. 
He  was  out-spoken 
in  his  sympathies  for 
the  South,  and  there- 
for, in  November, 
b'^f'l,  was  indicted 
for  treason  in  the 
Federal  court,  at 
!■"  r  a  n  k  f  o  r  t,  Ken- 
tucky. Ilis  health 
prevented  him  from 
enlisting  in  the  con- 
federate army,  l)ut 
his  w  c  11  -k  n  o  w  n 
Southern  s\inpa- 
thies  forced  him  to  re- 
niain  awa\'  from  his 
home,  and  further 
south,  almost 
throughout  the  war. 
.\t  the  close  of  the 
war  he  took  his  fam- 
ily to  New  York  cit)-, 
where,  for  two  years, 

he  was  a  banker  and  broker  in  Wall  street. 
While  there,  his  liome  was  ou  Staten  Island, 
from  which  his  sou,  Breckinridge,  during  the 
session  of  lS(!(i-7,  attended  the  tluii  well-known 


BKi£CKINKIUUE  J0NE5. 


of  David  (or  John  ) 
Jones,  from  Wales, 
and  Mary  (  Polly ) 
McCann,  from  Ire- 
land. Elizabeth  El- 
rod was  the  daughter 
of  Robert  El  rod, 
from  Germany,  and 
his  wife,  Sarah  Wil- 
son, from  England. 
Nancy  Talbott,  the 
grandmother  of  the 
snbjectofthissketch, 
was  the  daughter  of 
Demovil  Talbott,  a 
Revolutionary  sol- 
dier, and  his  wife, 
.Margaret  Williams, 
l)oth  of  Bourbon 
connt\-,  Kentucky. 
The  mother  (still 
living)  of  our  sub- 
ject is  of  the  best 
strain     of     those 


Scotch-Irish  settlers  who,  about  I7;^o,  settled  in 
the  \alley  of  \'irginia,  and  became  the  earliest 
and  most  heroic  of  Kentucky's  earliest  settlers. 
Her  brothers  were  all  uru  of  distinction, 
school  of  Oeorge  C.  .\ntiuui,  in  New  York  city.  George  W.  Dunlap  was  one  of  the  war  con- 
lu  1S(>7  the  father  returned  with  his  family  gressmen  from  Kentucky,  and  was  for  a  genera- 
to  Kentucky,  and  was  the  daily  companion  and  tiou  one  of  the  leaders  of  the  bar  in  his  State. 
adviser  of  his  son  during  the  lattcr's  college  He  was  the  father  of  that  gifted  Kentucky 
days.  By  this  association  the  views  and  char-  jioetess,  Miss  Eugenia  Dunlap  Potts.  Theodore 
acteristics  of  the  father  were  impressed  ou  tlie  Dunlap  died  in  middle-life,  a  distinguished 
sou.  He  was  of  impulsi\e  temperament,  quick  iihysician.  Richard  W.  Dunlap  was  for  many 
to  resent   an   insult,  tlecided   and  prout)unced  in      years  chairman  of  the  State  Board  of   Health  of 


266 


Of.D  AND  NFAV  ST.   LOUIS. 


Kentucky,  and  a  plusician  of  national  ])ronn- 
iience.  Another  brother,  Lafa\ette  Dnnlap, 
was,  at  i'l  years  of  ajje,  a  member  of  tlie  Ken- 
tucky Legislature,  afterwards  an  oflficer  in  the 
war  with  .Mexico;  went  to  Califin'uia,  in  l''^l''^, 
and  died  within  a  )-ear,  having  been  elected  :i 
member  of  the  Legislature  there.  Her  father, 
George  Dunlap  (born  January  211,  IT.Si),  died 
June  30,  1851),  and  whose  picture  adorns  the 
walls  of  the  court-house  of  Lincoln,  one  of  the 
three  original  counties  in  Kentucky,  w-as  there 
for  many  \ears  "a  member  of  the  count\'  court 
under  the  old  constittition."  It  is  said  of  him 
that  he  stood  as  a  public  arbitrator  among  his 
neighbors,  scarcely  ever  permitting  a  case  to 
come  to  trial,  and  never  issued  a  fee  lull  in  his 
life.  Of  this  family  was  the  gallant  Hugh 
McKee,  another  Kentuckian,  recognized  as  one 
of  the  heroes  of  the  American  navy.  He  led 
the  attack  and  was  one  of  the  first  to  reach  the 
forts  of  Corea,  Asia,  June  11,  1S7L  .\dmiral 
Rogers,  in  the  report  of  the  fight,  said:  "The 
citadel  has  been  named  Fort  McKee  in  honor  of 
that  gallant  officer,  who  led  the  assault  upon  it, 
and  who  gave  his  life  for  the  honor  of  his  flag." 

Hreckinridge  Jones  entered  the  Kentucky 
University  at  Lexington  as  a  freshman,  in  vSe])- 
tember,  1871,  and  the  next  year,  his  father  ha\- 
ing  bought  a  home  at  Danville,  Kentucky,  the 
son  entered  Centre  College,  from  which  he  was 
graduated  in  187;').  During  the  following  ses- 
sion he  taught  in  a  graded  school  at  Lawrence- 
burg,  Kentucky,  and  the  two  \ears  after  was  a 
law  student  in  the  office  of  the  distinguished 
Col.  Thomas  Peyton  Hill,  at  Stanford,  Ken- 
tucky, being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1<S77.  In 
October,  1878,  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  entering 
the  law  office  of  Lee  &  Adams.  That  winter 
he  attended  the  St.  Louis  Law  School,  and  the 
following  summer  attended  the  summer  law 
school  at  the  Universit\-  of  Virginia. 

In  November,  1883,  he  was  elected,  from  St. 
Louis,  a  member  of  the  Mi.s.souri  House  of  Re]> 
resentatives. 

On  October  21,  188.'),  he  married  Miss  Fran- 
ces Miller  Reid,  of  Stanford,  Kentucky,  and 
four    children     bless    the    union.      She    was    a 


daughter  of  John  M.   Reid   and  Fli/.abeth  Hays, 
his  wife,  and  of  Scotch-Irish  descent. 

Mr.  Jones  continued  the  successful  practice  of 
the  law  until  the  fall  of  ISSS,  when,  by  reason 
ot  the  interest  of  himself  and  immediate  friends, 
he  undertook  the  reorganization  of  the  Decatur 
Land  Improvement  and  F'urnace  Company,  at 
Decatur,  Alabama.  By  reason  of  the  yellow 
fever  epidemic  there,  that  year,  this  work  kept 
him  from  St.  Louis  until  18!M),  when  he  re- 
turned and  became  the  secretary  of  the  Missis- 
sii)]M  \'alley  Trust  Compan\-,  at  its  organization 
(capital,  .$1, ;)()(), ()(»()).  In  l«!t;i  this  company 
increased  its  capital  stock  to  $2, ()()(),()()(),  and  in 
F'ebruary,  18114,  Mr.  Jones  was  elected  2d  vice- 
j-jresident  and  counsel,  which  jiosition  he  now 
holds. 

Fi.SHKR,  Damiu,  I).,  son  of  Thomas  and 
Elizabeth  (Dwiggins)  F'isher,  was  born  in  Mt. 
Etna,  Indiana,  December  16,  1837.  He  comes 
from  one  of  the  old,  and  substantial  families 
of  that  vState.  His  father  is  a  man  of  dignitv, 
character,  and  the  sturdy  quailities  of  the  early 
sctlers  of  that  vState,  is  still  living  where  his  son 
was  born,  and  is  highly  esteemed  and  respected 
in  his  declining  years. 

He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  In- 
diana, and  sub.^eqnently  at  Wheaton  College, 
Illinois,  where  he  graduated  with  honors  in 
liS()3.  He  then  .studied  law  at  Ottawa,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  at  Springfield,  Illinois, 
early  in  the  year  l.S(;(;.  He  came  to  vSt.  Louis 
in  March  of  the  same  year,  and  was  shortly 
afterwards  admitted  to  the  bar  in  this  State. 

Mr.  Fisher  .started  in  life  with  little  to  help 
him,  be}ond  a  strong  constitution  and  an 
energy  which  admitted  of  no  discouragement. 
Even  during  his  school  and  college  career  he 
was  obliged  to  work  his  own  way,  not  having 
sufficient  funds  to  meet  the  heavv  expense  of 
securing  a  first-class  legal  education.  He  rec- 
ognized throughout  his  .studies  the  fact  that  his 
future  depended  entirely  upon  himself,  and  he 
not  only  acquired  a  magnificent  legal  training, 
but  also  habits  of  industry  and  thrift,  which 
have  helped   him  in  the  splendid  career,  which 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


267 


lie  has  been  able  to  map  out  for  himself.  Mr. 
Im'sIut's  success  is  calculated  to  eucourage  young 
iiK  11  in  c\er\-  profession,  and  especially  in  the 
one  in  which  he  has  distinguished  himself  so 
signally.  As  a  student,  as  a  young  practitioner, 
as  an  experienced  and  pre-eminently  successful 
la\v\'er,  and  as  a  circuit  court  judge,  he  has 
excelled,  and  he  has  made  a  record  without  a 
blot,  and  has  secured  friends  by  the  thousand, 
as  much  by  his  unassuming  manner  as  by 
his     marked    and    indeed    consjucuous    ability. 

At  the  age  of  twen- 
t\-nine  Mr.  I-'isher 
formed  a  ]iartiK-rshi]) 
with  Mr.  Clinton 
Rowell,  under  the 
firm  of  iMshcr  & 
Riiwcll,  which  cnm- 
lucnccd  l)iisiness  on 
A])ril  1,  l.SCi;,  and 
coutiniu-d  without 
change  until  he  be- 
came judge  of  the 
Circuit  Court  twen- 
ly-lhree  years  later. 
The  young  lawyers 
were  not  long  wait- 
ing for  business  and 
soon  became  known 
as  among  the  busiest 
of  the  legal  frater- 
iiil\-  of  llu-  West . 
'riie\-  c  o  11  t  i  n  u  e  d 
working  together 
with    great    success 

for  u])wards  of  twenty-three  years,  and  it  was 
only  when  Mr.  I''isher  consented  to  allow  him- 
self to  be  idaced  in  nomination  for  judge  of  the 
Cuircuit  Court  that  any  question  of  dissolution 
was  discussed. 

In  these  \-ears  of  active  practice  at  the  bar, 
Mr.  l-'ishcr's  firm  was  engaged  in  much  of  the 
iiupoilaiU  litigation  ])eii(liiig  in  the  State  and 
national  tribunals.  In  the  fierce  contests  of 
the  trial  courts,  where  the  struggle  is  in  real  life 
and  there  are  blows  to  take  as  well  as  those  to 
gi\'e,  he  ne\er  shrank    from   aii\-  resjumsibilitv. 


DANIfHI.  I).  I-ISHER. 


but  maintained  his  cause  with  unflinching  cour- 
age and  marked  ability. 

The  voters  of  St.  Louis  were  only  too  glad  of 
the  opportunity  of  recording  their  votes  for  the 
candidate  for  the  bench  who  was  so  admirably 
adapted  in  every  respect  for  the  position,  and 
he  was  elected  by  a  large  majority. 

Judge  Fisher  has  made  a  mo.st  acceptable 
judge.  He  combines  with  the  firmness  neces- 
sary for  the  preservation  of  order  that  absolute 
imi)artiality   without  which  justice  can    hardlv 

l)e  done  to  litigants, 
and  he  is  also  so  well 
versed  in  the  law 
and  details  of  its  ad- 
ministration by  the 
courts,  that  it  is  ven,- 
seldom  one  of  his 
decisions  is  overrul- 
ed, or  even  appealed 
from.  He  brought 
witli  him  to  his  high 
]5osition,  thorough 
knowledge  of  the 
law,  derived  not  on- 
ly from  his  studies, 
but  from  that  school 
where  it  is  best 
learned  long  years 
of  active  practice  at 
the  l)ar.  Jtulge  Fish- 
er has  an  admirable 
faculty  of  rapidly 
comprehending  the 
points  ])resented  to 
liiiii,  and  thoroughly  mastering  the  facts  and 
legal  jiropositions  involved  in  the  case  presented. 
His  judgment  is  sound  and  thoroughly  impar- 
tial, while  he  is  conscientious  and  sincereh- 
anxious  to  decide  for  the  right  party  his  mind 
is  clear  and  decisive,  not  oppressed  with  unnec- 
essary doubts,  enabling  him  to  come  to  a 
pininpt  decision,  and  in  this  wav  he  has  been 
eminenth'  successful  in  disjiatching  the  busi- 
ness before  him.  Judge  Fisher  has  an  admi- 
rable temperaiiKiU  for  the  judicial  position.  Of 
e\'en   temper  and   not   easily   excited,  he  moves 


26S 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


matters  forward  without  (listurl)aiice  or  friction. 

Since  being  elected  to  the  bench  Judge  Fisher 
has  retired,  somewhat,  from  active  and  social 
life,  but  he  is  still  liigliK-  respected  by  the  com- 
mercial, as  well  as  the  legal  fraternity  of  St. 
I,iiuis. 

Judge  I'isher  married  shortl}'  after  his  admis- 
sion to  the  bar,  Miss  Carrie  A.  McKee,  daugh- 
ter of  .Mr.  David  and  Mrs.  vSarah  ( Ward ) 
McKee,  of  Aurora,  Illinois.  He  has  one  child 
living,  Katherine  Pauline,  lately  married  to 
Lieutenant  George  Marion  Brown,  of  the  United 
States  Army. 

Bond,  Henry  Wiiitici.aw,  Judge  of  the  vSt. 
Louis  Court  of  Appeals,  and  one  of  the  ablest 
lawyers  in  Missouri,  attained  judicial  honors  at 
a  comparatively  earh-  age.  He  has  not  yet 
reached  the  fiftieth  landmark,  although  he  has 
established  his  reputation  as  an  able  and  just 
judge,  and  as  a  man  whose  decisions  are  based 
upon  sound  law^  and  good  common  sense.  The 
Judge  is  a  native  of  Tennessee,  having  been 
born  near  Brownsville,  on  Januar\-  :^7,  1.S4.S. 
He  received  a  good  education  in  the  i)ublic 
schools  of  his  own  State,  and  when  sixteen 
years  of  age  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  and  at  once 
entered  the  City  University,  where  he  enjoyed 
the  advantages  of  a  course  of  tuition  from  Prof. 
Henry  Wyman,  so  many  of  wdiose  pupils  have 
since  distinguished  themselves  in  various  pro- 
fessional careers.  He  returned  to  Tennessee  in 
18()0,  but  almost  at  once  went  to  Harvard.  At 
the  close  of  18(.iG  he  was  once  more  in  his  native 
State,  where  he  studied  law  under  the  able  as- 
sistance of  Judge  Thomas  J.  Freeman. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1870,  just  after 
he  had  attained  his  majority,  and  at  once  com- 
menced practicing  in  Tennessee.  The  }oung 
lawyer  made  a  large  number  of  friends  and 
promptly  established  his  reputation  as  a  good 
fighter  and  an  able  exponent  of  intricate  legis- 
lation. After  practicing  about  nine  years  in 
Tennessee,  and  establishing  a  large  and  lucrat- 
ive connection,  he  came  on  to  St.  Louis,  wdiere 
he  commenced  practicing  on  April  lit,  1879. 
For  one  year  he  had  no  partner,  but  he  then  be- 


came associated  with  Judge  James  J.  Ivindsley, 
with  whom  he  was  connected  until  the  year  IS.sd. 

In  1M).">  he  was  elected  a  member  to  the 
Thirty-third  (ieneral  Assembly,  and  his  record 
in  that  body  was  a  singularly  good  one,  his 
name  being  connected  with  much  excellent  leg- 
islation. At  the  expiration  of  his  term  he  re- 
turned to  practice  and  entered  into  partnership 
with  Charles  Gibson  and  Charles  Eldon  Gibson, 
the  firm  name  being  Ciibson,  Bond  &^  Gibson. 
This  partnershiii  continued  for  about  four  years, 
a  specialty  being  made  of  corporation  law,  and 
many  cases  of  immense  importance  being  han- 
dled b}'  Judge  Bond  personalh'  with  great  suc- 
cess. The  co-partnershi]>  was  terminated  b\- 
the  election  of  Mr.  Bond  to  a  seat  on  the  bench 
of  the  St.  Louis  Court  of  Ajjpeals.  He  received 
the  support,  in  the  race,  of  many  men  wdio  dif- 
fered from  him  politically,  but  who  realized  his 
personal  integrit}-  and  his  singular  fitness  for 
the  position. 

F'ourteen  }ears  ago  Judge  Bond  married  ^liss 
May  D.  Miller,  daughter  of  Judge  -Austin  Miller, 
of  Boli\ar,  Tennessee.  Three  children  ha\e 
resulted  from  the  union:  Thomas,  Irene  and 
Whitelaw. 

C.\LK,  Gkorgf.  Wir.i.iAAr,  is  one  of  the  well- 
known  railroadmen  of  this  city.  Although 
barely  fifty  years  of  age,  he  is  thoroughly  expe- 
rienced in  his  profession,  and  is  freely  consulted 
on  matters  of  special  importance,  especially 
relating  to  railroad  freight.  His  cheerful,  oblig- 
ing disposition,  added  to  his  conspicuous  ability, 
has  made  him  a  host  of  friends,  and  he  is  looked 
upon  by  his  associates  as  a  coming  man  in  the 
railroad  world,  and  as  not  having  yet  reached 
the  goal  of  his  ambition. 

Mr.  Cale  was  born  in  this  city,  in  August, 
1844,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Evelyn 
Cale.  He  attended  the  ptdjlic  schools,  passing 
through  the  various  di\isions,  and  acquiring  a 
good,  sound  education.  This  he  supplemented 
by  a  course  of  book-keeping  at  Jones'  Commer- 
cial College,  and  then  obtained  a  position  in  a 
humble  capacity  for  the  Blue  Liue  Fast  Freight 
Company.     He  fulfilled  his  duties  faithfully  and 


t^-C-cy     /yi^  /^^^~t^^.^(^^ 


BIOGRAJ'llICAL  APPENDIX. 


269 


well  for  a  few  years,  and  then  secured  a  more  and  Mr.  Cale  proved  a  most  efficient  officer,  so 

lucrative  position  in  the  office  of  thcvStar  Union  nuich  so  that,  in  December,  18<S2,  Vice-President 

Line,  which  was  managed  in  vSt.  Louis  at  that  and    General  Manager  Rogers    appointed    him 

time  by  Mr.  Nathan  Stevens.     Under  the  super-  assistant  freight  agent  of  the   'Frisco    .system, 

vision   of  this    cele1)rated   railroad  man  he  ad-  Shortly  afterwards  he  was  promoted  to  the  posi- 

vanced  steadily  in  subordinate  positions,  and,  a  tion  of  general   freight  and  traffic  manager,    a 

vacancy  occurring    in    the    chief  clerkship,   he  position  he  still  occupies,  and  whose  business 

was  appointed  to  that  important  position.  he  transacts  with  consi^icuous  ability. 

His    success    in    this    capacity   attracted    the  Mr.  Cale  has  mounted  the  ladder  steadily  by 

attention  of  the  White  Line  Express  Company,  aid  of  hard  work  alone.     He  is  in  the  enjoyment 

which    was   operating  o\\  the  Pacific   Railroad,  of  excellent  health,   and  bears  his  fifty  years  so 


and,  accepting  a 
favorable  offer,  he 
identified  h  i  m  self 
with  this  company, 
serving  under  the 
administration  of 
several  presidents, 
including  George  R. 
Ta>lor,  D.  R.  Garri- 
son and  William  Mc- 
Pherson.  He  was 
subsequently  aj)- 
])oiuted  chief  clerk  of 
the  general  freight 
department  of  the 
Pacific  Rail  r  oad 
Com])an\  ,  whose  of- 
fices, at  tlial  lime, 
were  at  the  corner 
of  Sixth  and  ()li\e 
streets.  lie  with- 
drew from  this  posi- 
tion when  the  Pa- 
cific Rail  road  was 
leased  to  llie  Atlantic  X:  Pacific,  and  for  about 
si.x  months  conducted  an  agi.'iic\-  of  pooled  east- 
ern freight  lines. 

As  long  as  the  pool  lasted  Mr.  Cale  managed 
it  successfulK',  and  wlieu  it  was  dissolved  lie 
opened  the  general  freight  agency  office  of  Cale  ^Ki 
Hudson,  at  vSecoud  and  ( )live  streets.  The  busi- 
ness luoved  a  great  success,  but  when  Mr.  Jav 
(lould  reorganized  the  Missouri  Pacific  and  Iron 
Mountain  systems  he  appointed  Mr.  Cale  gen- 
eral freight  agent  of  the  Missouri  Pacific.  Mr. 
(iould's  estimate  of  men  was,  as  usual,  correct. 


GEORGE  WILLIAM   CALE. 


well  that  he  could 
easily  pass  for  a 
younger  man.  The 
same  careful  atten- 
tion to  business  de- 
tails w  h  i  c  h  expe- 
dited his  ad\ance- 
ment  years  ago  still 
remains  one  of  the 
prominent  charac- 
teristics of  his  daily 
work.  Mr.  Cale  has 
given  to  his  office 
the  most  careful  at- 
tention and  has  suc- 
ceeded in  bringing 
to  perfection  a  num- 
ber of  important  re- 
forms. His  popu- 
larity in  rai Iroad 
circles  is  a  1  m  o  s  t 
unique,  and  his  ad- 
\ice  is  frequently 
sought  by  his  nu- 
merous friends  and  fellow-workers. 

Mr.  Cale  has  a  family  of  nine  children.  Mrs. 
Cale  was  formerly  Miss  Matilda  L.  Car\ell,  of 
St.  Louis,  and  she  was  married  to  .Mr.  Cale  in 
issi;. 

l'.ii\|),  W'li.i.iAM  GiiUDix,  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  .Merchants"  I\xchange,  is  one  of  the  rep- 
resentative young  men  of  New  St.  Louis,  whose 
pluck  and  energy  have  assisted  so  materially  in 
the  development  of  the  magnificent  resources 
aiul    eomniercial   possibilities    of    what    is  now 


270 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


regarded  the  world  over  as  a  citv  of  the  first 
rank.  Mr.  Hoyd  comes  of  e.xcelleiit  Virginia 
stock,  wliicli  in  liini  received  the  polish  of  Ken- 
tnckv  cnltnre.  His  parents  were  not  wealthy 
in  the  nineteenth  centnry  meaning  of  the  term, 
and  the  man  who  is  now  at  the  head  of  the  first 
commercial  organization  of  the  Mississippi 
\'alley  worked  his  way  to  the  front  from  a  com- 
paratively insignificant  beginning.  Always 
active,  alert  and  intelligent,  Mr.  Boyd  has  made 
his  inflnence  felt  and  his  valne  appreciated 
from  the  time  when  as  a  boy  of  sixteeii  he  com- 
menced to  clerk  in  his  father's  store  until  his 
sterling  merit  and  e.xecntive  ability  were  recog- 
nized snbstantially  by  his  associates  of  the 
Merchants'  Kxchange,  and  on  Febrnarv  11, 
1894,  he  was  elevated  to  the  presidenc\'  of  that 
body. 

Mr.  Iloyd  has  proved  an  excellent  c.\ecnti\e 
officer,  always  ready  to  enconrage  every  enter- 
prise of  a  character  calculated  to  impress  upon 
the  general  public  the  greatness  of  St.  Louis 
and  to  advance  its  interests  in  a  legitimate  man- 
ner. He  is  one  of  the  youngest  presidents  on 
the  long  roll  of  Exchange  officers,  but  he  has  so 
far  administered  the  responsibe  affairs  of  his 
office  with  an  ability  which  guarantees  for  him 
a  record  at  the  end  of  his  term  which  will  com- 
pare favorably  with  that  of  au)-  of  his  i)redeces- 
sors.  In  his  general  business  relations  Mr. 
Boyd  has  been  as  successful  as  in  his  puljlic 
career,  and  he  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most 
substantial  and  reliable  men  in  the  West. 

Mr.  Boyd  was  born  at  Richmond,  Kentucky, 
in  June,  1853,  and  is  hence  about  forty-one  years 
of  age.  He  comes  of  excellent  stock,  uniting 
the  blood  of  the  courageous  \'irgiuia  cavalier 
with  that  of  his  first  cousin,  the  daring  and  ad- 
venturesome Kentucky  pioneer,  a  union  which  it 
is  claimed  has  produced  the  strongest  and  most 
perfect  type  of  American  manhood — individuals 
who  constitute  in  many  instances  an  order  of 
natural  and  genuine  nobility.  Mr.  Bovd's  great- 
grandmother  on  the  maternal  side,  before  her 
name  became  Curie  through  marriage,  was  a 
Miss  Irvine.  She  was  one  of  a  family  of  ten 
daughters  and  three  sons.     The  whole   family 


moved  from  Virginia  to  Central  Kentucky  about 
1812,  and  the  .sons  took  an  active  part  in  the 
de\-cloj)UK-ut  of  the  country.  Christopher  was 
killed  by  the  Indians  at   Mill  Creek. 

.Mr.  Boyd's  uncle,  Richmond  Curie,  was  one 
of  the  early  pioneers  of  vSt.  Louis.  The  Boyd's 
also  came  to  Kentucky  about  1^12,  and  the 
grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this  biography, 
William  G.  Boyd,  did  distinguished  duty  as  a 
captain  in  the  army  of  patrols  during  the  Rex'o- 
lution.  His  son,  William  W.,  nuirried  .Miss 
vSophie  Goddin,  and  their  son,  William  Cioddin 
Boyd,  brings  us  down  again  to  our  actual  sub- 
ject. 

The  father,  William  W.  Boyd,  was  in  the  dry 
goods  business,  and  two  years  after  the  birth  of 
his  sou  he  moved  to  Lexington,  Kenluck)-, 
where,  under  the  firm  name  of  Allen  iS:  Bo\d, 
the  business  was  prosperously  continued.  In 
this  center  of  Kentucky  culture  the  son  re- 
ceived his  early  training  and  education,  attend- 
ing the  elementary  school,  and  later  the  Trausvl- 
vania  University  at  Lexington. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  he  left  the  lecture-room 
for  the  store,  and  for  three  years  clerked  in  his 
father's  establishment,  learning  a  great  deal  of 
importance  during  the  time  in  regard  to  retail 
HKrchandise  generally.  He  was  ne.xt  placed  in 
charge  of  the  office  of  Clark  &  Brother,  wholesale 
grocers,  in  the  same  town,  and  after  a  short  con- 
nection with  these  gentlemen  entered  the  house 
of  Appleton,  Alexander  &  Duff,  wholesale  dry- 
goods  merchants.  In  the  following  year  he  ■ 
accepted  a  clerkship  under  Col.  A.  M.  Swope,  % 
Collector  of  Internal  Revenue  for  the  Se\eutli 
Kentucky  District,  and  was  almost  immediately 
promoted  to  the  chief  deputyship. 

By  this  time  Mr.  Boyd  was  nearly  thirty 
years  of  age,  and  for  some  time  had  been  on 
the  lookout  for  a  city  in  which  the  opportunities 
for  advancement  were  limited  only  b}-  the  enter- 
])rise  and  zeal  of  the  worker.  He  decided  that 
St.  Louis  was  the  most  desirable  city  in  which 
to  locate,  and  in  October,  1882,  he  came  here 
and  was  appointed  cashier  for  the  firm  of  D.  R. 
Francis  &  Brother.  In  1884,  on  the  incorporation 
of  the  Francis  Commission  Comjiany,  Mr.  Bo\d 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


271 


became  a  director  and  treasurer,  a  relation  to  the  Hagerman,  Jamks,  is  one  of  the  well-known 

company  he  yet  holds.  His  official  connection  lawyers  of  St.  Louis,  though  he  has  only  recently 
with  the  Merchants'  Exchange  began  in  Janu-  nun'ed  here.  He  is  at  present  general  solicitor 
ary,  l.S!)2,  by  his  election  as  one  of  its  directors,  of  the  Missouri,  Kansas  &  Texas  Railway  sys- 
Before  the  expiration  of  his  term  he  was  elected  tem,  and  is  about  forty-seven  years  of  age, 
first  vice-president,  and  on  the  death  of  I^resident  having  been  born  in  Clarke  county,  Missouri, 
Harlow,  was  elected  to  succeed  him.  He  has  November  2(i,  1H4<S.  In  him  are  combined  the 
represented  the  Exchange  at  several  important  \irile  stock  of  the  (^Id  Dominion  and  the  noble 
conventions,  notaldy  the  Missouri  River  Conven-  Ijlood  of  the  I:5Iue-Grass  vState,  a  union  which, 
titni  at  Kansas  City,  the  Deep-water  Convention  measured  by  every  law  of  hereditary  influence, 
at  Memphis,  and  the  Trans- Mississippi  Congress  ga\'e  the  inheritor  a  markeil  natural  adwintage 
at  ( )  g  den,  U  t  a  h  . 
While  in  K  e  n- 
tucky  Mr.  Hoyd  was 
connected  with  sev- 
eral local  institutions 
and  was  for  years  a 
mend)cr  of  the  I^ex- 
iuglon  (iiuirds.  In 
vSt.  Louis  Mr.  Ho_\d"s 
assistance  has  been 
in\(iked  b\'  the  pro- 
moters of  jjublic  en- 
terprises of  every 
character.  He  is  a 
member  of  tin.-  Mer- 
cantile and  vSl.  Louis 
clubs;  t>f  the  IvCgion 
of  Honor;  of  the 
Ro\al  .Vrcanum,  in 
the  (irand  Council 
of  which  he  served 
for  three  years;  of 
the  Knightsof  Honor 
and  of  the  Western 
Commercial    Travelers'    Association. 


\M1.L1A.M    UOUUIN    BO^D. 


He  is    a 

director    of    the    Pastime    (ivmnastic    .Vssocia- 
lion. 

In  politics  Mr.  I!o\(l  is  a  Republican.  Ik- 
is  an  acti\e  Christian  worker,  and  is  a  deacon  oi 
the  C.raiid  .\\enue  I'reslnlerian  Ciiurch. 


in  his  struggle  with 
the  world.  Mr.  Ha- 
german's  father, 
Benjamin  I-'ranklin 
Hagerman,  was  a 
native  of  Loudon 
county,  \'i  rgi  nia, 
and  came  to  I\Iis.souri 
when  quite  >oung, 
settling  in  Lewis 
county.  His  mother, 
Ann  S.  Hagerman, 
nee  Cowgill,  was 
born  in  Mason  coun- 
ty-, Kentucky,  and 
also  came  to  Mis- 
souri with  her  par- 
ents w  h  e  n  V  e  r  y 
young,  locating  in 
Clarke  county. 

The  lad  attended 
tile  \'illage  school  of 
A  1  e  .\  a  n  d  r  i  a,      in 
Clarke   county,  and 
was  afterwards    sent   to  St.    Louis,   where    his 
education  was  advanced. 

In  the  spring  of  1S()4  his  parents  moved  to 
Keokuk,  Iowa,  and  to  that  promising  young 
city  James  lollowed  them  in  the  fall  of  the  same 
vear.      While  in  St.  Louis   he  attended   Christ- 


On    December   IJ,    1.S7.'),   Mr.   ]5oyd    nuuried  ian  Brothers'  College,  at  that  time  located  on 

Miss  Hallie  Francis,  daughter  of  Mr.  and   Mrs.  Seventh  and  Cerre  streets.     Later,  he  entered 

John   H.  Francis,  and  a  sister  of  Mi.ssouri's  ex-  Professor  Jamieson's  Latin  School,  at  Keokuk, 

governor,  David   R.  I-'rancis.      Mrs.   Boyd   died  and  there  completed  his  general  education. 
last  Decendx-r,   lea\ing   three  daughters,   aged,  P'rom  bt)yi)oud  Mr.  Hagerman  determined  on 

respecti\ely,  seventeen,  fonrtei.ii,  ami  six.  the    law    as    his    profession,   and   when    he    left 


272 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


school  he  entered  the  office  of  Rankin  &:  McCrary, 
and  began  the  reading  of  law.  The  yoniig  stu- 
dent's reading  was  completed  at  an  age  so  earl\ 
that  under  the  statutes  of  Iowa  he  could  not  be 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  that  vState,  so  he  posted 
off  down  into  iMisstniri  in  search  of  Judge  Wag- 
ner, of  the  Missouri  Supreme  Bench,  and,  find- 
ing him  at  LaGrange,  was  duly  inducted  into 
the  legal  profession. 

Returning  to  Keokuk  he  entered  the  office  of 
Rankin  &  McCrary,  with  whom  he  remained 
until  the  summer  of  1  «(>!!.  He  next  removed  to 
Palnnra,  Missouri,  and  in  partnership  with  Mr. 
H.  L.  Lipscomb  opened  an  office  for  general 
practice,  where  he  remained  for  a  year  and  then 
returned  to  Keokuk.  Here,  in  1(575,  he  became 
a  member  of  the  legal  firm  of  McCrary,  Hager- 
man  &  McCrary.  In  1.S7II  Judge  George  W. 
McCrary  was  appointed  judge  of  the  Eighth 
I'ederal  Circuit,  and  on  his  retirement  from 
practice,  Frank  Hagermau  (  now  of  the  Kansas 
City  bar),  brother  of  the  subject  of  this  biogra- 
phy, was  taken  into  partneiship,  the  firm  be- 
coming Hagermau,  McCrary  S:  Hagerman. 

On  Judge  McCrary's  resignation  from  the 
bench  early  in  1884,  he  was  appointed  general 
counsel  for  the  Atchison,  Topeka  &  Santa  Fe 
Railroad,  and  Mr.  Hagermau  accepted  the  gen- 
eral attorneyship  of  the  road,  and  moved  to 
Topeka,  Kansas,  ending  a  term  of  fourteen 
years'  practice  at  Keokuk. 

He  acted  as  general  attorney  for  the  "  Santa 
Fe"  for  two  years,  or  until  May,  188(i,  when 
he  located  in  Kansas  City,  which  was  then  at 
the  zenith  of  its  commercial  prosperity,  and 
under  the  firm  name  of  Warner,  Dean  «S:  Hager- 
man formed  a  partnership  with  the  two  leading 
legal  lights — William  Warner  and  O.  H.  Dean. 

From  1888  to  18!)1  .Mr.  Hagerman,  in  con- 
nection with  his  other  practice,  acted  as  general 
counsel  for  the  receivers  of  the  Missouri,  Kau- 
.sas  &  Texas  Railway.  So  ably  did  he  conduct 
the  legal  affairs  of  the  road  during  that  period 
that  on  the  reorganization  of  the  system  in  18111 
he  was  called  to  the  responsible  position  of  gen- 
eral solicitor,  a  position  he  now  holds,  with 
headquarters  in  this  city. 


Mr.  Hagerman,  since  the  beginning,  has  fol- 
lowed his  profession  with  all  the  ardor  and  de- 
Noliou  engendered  by  a  genuine  lii\(.-  for  his 
work.  Such  has  been  his  devotion  to  the  law 
that  he  would  never  allow  a  connection  with  any 
other  business  to  interfere  with  his  j^ractice. 
Like  all  men  who  follow  a  profession  with  un- 
llaggiug  iudustr\-  and  uudi\'ided  attention,  he 
has  already  reaped  the  reward  of  a  successful 
Iaw\er,  the  more  gratifying,  certainly,  because 
he  must  be  considered  as  having  reached  only 
the  meridian  of  life.  He  is  not  a  lawyer  versed 
only  in  one  special  line  of  practice.  While  he 
is  considered  an  authority  in  corporation  law, 
like  many  older  practitioners  in  the  West,  who 
are  the  architects  of  their  own  legal  fortunes, 
he  has  run  tlie  legal  gamut  from  bottom  to  toji, 
trying  civil  and  criminal  cases  in  llic  justice 
courts,  appearing  as  counsel  in  ci\il  and  crim- 
inal cases  in  courts  of  record,  and  arguing  the 
merits  of  causes  before  referees,  boards  of  arbi- 
tration, masters  of  chancery,  and  the  various 
appellate  tribunals,  State,  Territorial  and  Fed- 
eral, up  to  and  including  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States,  in  cases  of  as  great  variety 
(some  important,  and  some  not )  as  the  tribunals 
before  which  they  were  brought.  He  is  a  law- 
yer of  as  great  a  versatility  as  ability,  forceful 
in  oratory  and  wise  in  advisory  capacit\'. 

He  has  always  been  an  ardent,  liberal,  pro- 
gressive Democrat.  In  187it  he  j^resided  over 
the  Iowa  Democratic  Con\-eutiou  which  nomi- 
nated Hon.  H.  H.  Trimble  for  go\eruor,  and  in 
18!S()  was  one  of  the  Iowa  delegates  to  the  Dem- 
ocratic National  Convention  which  nominated 
Hancock  for  president.  In  1888  he  was  the 
permanent  chairman  of  the  ^Missouri  Democratic 
Convention  which  nominated  Hon.  David  R. 
Francis  for  governor.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Iowa,  Kansas  and  Missouri  State  Bar  associa- 
tions, and  the  American  Bar  Association. 

Mr.  Hagerman  was  married  at  Palmyra,  Mis- 
souri, to  Miss  Margaret  M.  Walker  of  that  town, 
on  October  2(i,  1871.  The  marriage  has  been 
blessed  by  two  children,  Lee  W.  and  James. 
The  former  is  now  at  Harvard,  while  the  latter 
is  his  father's  assistant  in  the  St.  Louis  office. 


niOCRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


'27:5 


I!aki,()\v,   .Sri:i'in;N  Douglas,   assistant   sec-  pennaneiitly  fruiii  tlie  presidency  and  practical 

rctary  of  the  St.  l^ouis,  Iron  Mountain  cS:  vSoutli-  ownership  of  the  road.      Mr.  Gould  at   once  1)e- 

ern  Railway,  ranks  among  the  best-known  and  came  president,  appointing  Mr.  D.  II.  S.  Smith 

most    experienced   railroad    men    in    the  West,  local  treasurer  and  Mr.   Barlow  local   secretary. 

More  than   forty  years  ago,  when  the  St.  Louis  The  last  named  gentleman  was  also  appointed 

iS:    Iron    Mountain    Railway   Comi)auy  was   first  laud    commissioner    for    Missouri    for   the    Iron 

organized,  Mr.  Barlow  was  elected  secretary  and  .Mountain  Road.      These   positions   Mr.    Barlow 

treasurer.      He  was  repeatedly  re-elected  to  this  continues  to  hold,  and  although  he  is  to-day  the 

jiosition,  and  when   the   road   was  completed  to  oldest  railroad  man  in  Missouri,  he  is  far  from 

Pilot  Knob  in  185.S  he  took  a  prominent  part  in  being   the    least    active,    and    certainly    ranks 

the    necessarily    important    financial    arrange-  among  the  most  able,  and  most  reliable. 


urmUs.  In  Novem- 
ber of  the  following 
)ear  he  was  elected 
a  director,  and  liis 
ability  as  a  railroad 
manager  was  so 
freely  recognized 
that  he  was  made 
])resident,  continu- 
ing to  hold  the  jiosi- 
tion until  the  year 
l.^Ci:.  In  1S71  Ik- 
went  ICast  for  the 
benefit  of  his  health 
and  on  returning  in 
the  winter  of  lS72-;> 
Mr.  Thomas  .\llen, 
])resident  of  the  re- 
organized vSt.  Louis, 
Iron  Mountain  & 
Southern  Railroad, 
insisted  upon  his  re- 
suming his  relations 
willi  the  company. 
.Mr.    Harlow   then    became    assistant    president 


STEPHEN  DOUGLAS  BARLOW. 


The  man  who  has 
thus  been  connected 
with  the  Iron  Mount- 
ain Railroad  from 
a  time  antedating 
the  laying  of  the  first 
tie,  was  born  in  ]ilid- 
dlebury,  Vermont, 
February  4,  1«1(). 
His  father  was  Mr. 
Jonathan  K. Barlow, 
and  his  mother  was 
Miss  Honor  Doug- 
las, a  relative  of  Sen- 
ator Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  of  Illinois. 
When  .Mr.  Barlow 
was  about  three 
years  old  his  jxi- 
rents  mo\ed  to  (ien- 
esee  county.  New 
York,  and  for  about 
five  years  he  attended 
the  ct)untr\-  schools 


in  the  vicinity  of  his  home.  When  twelve 
which  position  he  occupied  with  conspicuous  )ears  of  age  he  was  sent  to  the  W\  ouiing  .Vcad- 
ability  until  1S74.  .\  vacancy  then  occurred  in  emy,  where  he  remained  for  two  years.  He 
the  jjosilion  of  secretary  and  treasurer,  and  just  next  entered  the  Genesee  Wesleyan  Seminary, 
about  the  time  that  the  com]5an\-  was  reincorpo-  near  Rochester,  New  York,  where  he  studied 
rated  under  the  laws  of  Missouri  and  .\rkansas,  mathematics,  as  well  as  I'.nglish  subjects  gen- 
Mr.  Barlow  returned  to  the  position  he  had  held  erally.  Naturally  independent  by  disposition, 
(luring  the  infancy  of  the  enterprise.  In  the  he  secured  means  for  the  carrying  on  of  his 
year  ISTi;  Mi.  Allen  was  elected  to  Congress,  studies  by  teaching  school  during  the  winter 
and  the  multiplicity  of  his  duties  ha\-ing  iui-  mouths.  Later  he  secured  a  position  with  a 
jiaired  his  health,  he  finalK-  accejited  the  his-  Hata\ia,  New  York,  atti)rne\-.  Here  again  he 
torical  offer  of  Mr.  Jay  Gi)uld  and  retired  used  his  salary  entirely  for  the  purpose  of  in- 
18 


274 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


crcasiiiiL;  liis  (.■ihicatiuii,  and  allliouj^h  In.-  was  ad- 
iiiilU-d  l<)  llie  l)ar  in  !>>;>!•  he  did  not  open  an 
office  k)r  himself. 

In  l.s;i!i,  or  about  fifty-five  years  a<(o,  Mr.  Har- 
low decided  to  locate  in  St.  Louis.  He  traveled 
by  water  to  Cleveland,  Ohio,  and  during  the 
overland  nmte  from  that  point  to  Indianapolis 
he  doubtless  realized  the  great  need  of  railroads 
running  west,  though  it  is  exceedingly  doubt- 
ful that  he  even  dreamt  of  the  imi^ortant  i)art 
he  was  subsequently  to  play  in  railroad  building 
and  management.  He  arrived  in  this  city  in 
November,  l>s;3il.  ^Ir.  Augustus  Chouteau,  who 
was  then  in  Ijusiness  at  the  corner  of  Market 
street  and  the  Levee,  secured  for  him  a  position 
in  the  Circuit  Court,  of  which  (leneral  John 
Ruland  was  then  clerk.  In  IS^:^,  on  the  estab- 
lishment of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  of  St. 
Louis,  Mr.  Joseph  W.  Walsh,  the  first  clerk, 
apjjoiuted  Mr.  Barlow  his  principal  deput\-.  In 
l!S44  the  County  Court  ai)pointed  Mr.  ISarlow  to 
fill  the  joint  office  of  county  clerk  and  recorder 
of  deeds,  which  had  become  vacant  bv  the  death 
of  the  holder.  Mr.  Harlow  filled  out  the  unex- 
pired term,  and  in  August,  1847,  he  was  elected 
by  the  people  for  another  six  }ears. 

On  retiring  from  this  office,  ]Mr.  Barlow  be- 
came connected  with  the  Iron  Mountain  Rail- 
road, as  already  explained.  In  ISIiH,  after  the 
sale  of  that  road  to  Messrs.  Macke)-,  Read  & 
Company,  Mr.  Barlow  was  nominated  for  city 
comptroller,  running  on  the  ticket  headed  by 
the  Hon.  Nathan  Cole.  He  was  elected,  and 
not  only  did  he  prove  an  excellent  couiptroller, 
Init  he  akso  did  service  for  the  city  in  drafting 
the  new  charter.  This  was  not  what  is  known 
as  the  "  vScheme  and  Charter,"  adopted  in  1875 
and  l.S7(i,  but  many  clauses  in  Mr.  Barlow's 
scheme  were  incorporated  in  the  one  which  so 
materially  changed  the  management  of  the  af- 
fairs of  this  great  city. 

After  the  expiration  of  his  term  as  comptrol- 
ler, this  hard  worker  took  a  necessary  rest,  but 
in  l.s7(i  his  friends  insisted  on  his  runninsf  for 
the  City  Council.  He  was  elected  and  was  im- 
mediately appointed  chairman  of  the  committee 
on  ways  and  means.     The  year  l.S7()  was  one 


of  the  most  eventful  in  lhecit\'s  municij)al  his- 
tory, and  ]Mr.  Barlow's  committee  was  called 
upon  to  transact  l)usiiK-ss  of  the  greatest  possi- 
ble im])ortance.  It  did  its  work  well,  and  the 
plans  it  laid  down  have  since  been  carried  out  to 
the  cit\"s  immense  advantage.  IMr.  Barlow  has 
done  other  important  work.  His  services  on  the 
School  Board,  both  as  directorand  president,  have 
l)een  invaluable,  and  in  ISiiii,  while  ser\-ing  in 
the  State  Legislature, he  procured  the  granting  of 
a  charter  to  the  Pul)lic  School  Library  Associa- 
tion. He  was  the  first  president  of  this  associa- 
tion and  succeeded  himself  several  times.  He 
has  li\-ed  to  see  the  librarv  established  in  ele- 
gant quarters  and  made  absolutely  free  to  cit- 
izens of  St.  Louis.  Among  other  positions  he 
has  filled  may  be  mentioned  that  of  water  com- 
missioner, in  the  old  days,  when  the  problem  of 
supplying  St.  Louis  with  water  first  became  an 
important  and,  indeed,  a  serious  one. 

In  bs;)!i,  just  before  starting  west,  Mr.  Barlow 
married  Miss  Lucy  A.  Dickson,  of  Perry,  New 
York.  His  home  life  has  been  an  exceptionalh' 
happy  one.  Air.  and  Mrs.  Barlow  were  regular 
attendants  at  St.  John's  Episcopal  Church  at  its 
establishment  in  1842.  For  several  years  he 
has  been  senior  warden  of  this  church,  which 
he  has  assisted  in  every  possible  manner  on 
everv  emergency  as  it  has  arisen. 

NoON.^N,  P^DW'AKI)  .\.,  one  of  the  most  pop- 
ular attorneys  in  St.  Louis,  and  perhaps  the  best 
exponent  of  the  young  Democracy  idea  in  the 
West,  will  be  best  known  to  posterit\'  on  account 
of  the  brilliant  record  he  made  for  himself  dur- 
ing the  four  years  he  occupied  the  highest  posi- 
tion at  the  gift  of  the  tax-payers  of  St.  Louis. 
In  the  historical  .section  of  this  work  son;e  ref- 
erence is  made  to  the  achievements  of  Mayor 
Noonan  and  his  administration,  and  hence  it  is 
uunecessarv  here  to  go  at  length  into  the  policy 
adopted  and  its  remarkable  results.  It  may  not 
be  out  of  place,  howe\-er,  to  remind  our  readers 
that  the  old  Union  Depot  had  been  a  reproach 
to  St.  Louis  for  twenty  years,  and  that  all  efforts 
to  prevail  upon  the  railroad  companies  to  build 
a  new  one  failed  until  Mayor  Noonan  tof)k  the 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


21b 


iiiaUcr  up,  siuiiDtlicd  over  L-\-er\'  difficult)-  as  it  could  uot  do  better  than  couie  to  St.  Louis  aud 
arose,  and  finally  had  the  pleasure  of  signiu.y;  grow  up  with  the  city,  which  was  evidently  des- 
au  ordinance  giving  the  necessar\-  powers  for     tined  to  become  immeasurably  great. 


the  erection  of  the   largest  Union  railroad  sta- 


Accordinglv,  in  the  fall  of    1870   he  came  to 


tion  in  the  world.      For  years  St.  Louis  had  suf-  St.  Louis,  opened  a  law  office  and  was  not  long 

fered  from  the  want  of  a  northern  inlet  for  rail-  waiting  for  clients.      He  pro\-ed  himself  to  be  a 

roads.      To  Mavor  Xoonan  the  city  is  indebted  natural   born  lawyer,  and  so  successful   was  he 

for  emancipation  from  bridge  mouojjoh',  for  he  with  his  cases  that  he  became  in  general  demand 

did  more  than  the  average  citizen  can  realize  to  and  soon  built  up  a  connection  of  a  very  valu- 

iuduce  and  encourage  the  Burlington  system  to  al^le  character.     By  instinct  and  inclination  a 

Democrat,  he  entered  heart  aud  soul  into  the 


huild  its  own  tracks  into  St.  Louis  and  to  bridge 


the  Missouri  aud 
Mississippi  rivers. 
Space  prevents  a  de- 
tail of  the  work  done 
by  Mayor  Noonan  in 
the  way  of  securing 
rapid  transit  for  St. 
I.ciuis,  nor  can  we 
here  go  into  the  ef- 
forts he  made  to  se- 
cure the  building  of 
a  Cit\'  Hall  commen- 
surate to  the  wealth 
and  imijortance  of 
the  great  commercial 
and  financial  metrop- 
olisof  the  vSouth  west. 
"  Ed"  Xoonan,  as 
the  ex-  m  a  y  o  r  is 
called  by  thousands 
of  his  friends  and 
acquaintances,  is  not 
yet  fort\-fi\'e  years 
of  age.     He  was  born 

in  Reading,  Pennsylvania,  in  December,  \^A\K  ver\-  just  and  able  judge. 
His  father,  .Martin,  aud  liis  motlur,  Johanna  pensed  justice  with  mercy  and  then  resigned  in 
(  Xagle)  Xoonan,  were  both  natives  of  Ireland,  order  to  make  the  race  for  the  nuiyoralty.  Tiiis 
who  came  to  this  conutrv  in  their  childhood  and  was  in  187!',  when  the  Republicans  put  up  a 
located  in  Pennsylvania.  He  was  educated  in  very  strong  ticket,  headed  by  a  manufacturer  of 
the  public  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  de-  excellent  standing.  J lulge  Noonan "s  chances  of 
lerminiug  to  adopt  the  legal  profession,  read  law  election  apjK-arcd  remote  in  the  extreme,  but 
at  Reading,  aud  then  entered  the  .\lbany  Law  the  young  Democracy  carried  all  before  it,  and 
University,  at  .\lbauy,  Xew  York,  where  he  although  the  Republicans  carried  most  of  the 
graduated  with  honors  in  l>!7ii.  He  determined  offices,  the  head  of  the  Democratic  ticket  was 
to  commence  i)ractice  at  once, aud  hnntingaronnd  elected  aud  an  era  of  young  men  in  the  aduiiu- 
lor  a  location  came  to  the  conclusion  that  he     istration  of  municipal  affairs  set  in.  ' 


HON.  EDWARD  A.  NOONAN. 


u])-hill  fight  against 
the  then  dominant 
Republicanism,  and 
in  187()  he  accepted 
the  nomination  for 
the  assistant  district 
attorneyship,  and, al- 
though the  city  was 
Republi  can,  Mr. 
Noonan  proved  the 
redeeming  feature  of 
his  ticket ,  aud  he  was 
elected  by  a  good 
majority.  Four  years 
later  he  was  nomi- 
nated and  once  more 
elected,  and  when  he 
ran  for  the  judgeship 
of  the  Court  of  Crim- 
inal Correction  he 
once  more  came  out 
triumphant, and  took 
his  seat  on  thebeuch , 
a  very  young,  but  a 
For  six  years  he  dis- 


27G 


OlJy  AND  NJiW  ST.   LOUIS. 


At  the  etui  of  liis  teiiii,  in  LSI';'",  Mr.  Noonaii 
a.>,'ain  opened  a  law  olVue  and  very  soon  had 
all  the  business  he  eonld  aUcnd  to.  He  now 
professes  to  be  "  otU  of  politics,"  bnt  his  party 
will  not  lonjf  allow  him  to  remain  out  of  the  tur- 
moil and  strife  of  political  life. 

Mr.  Noouau  attributes  much  of  his  uui(iue 
success  in  life  to  the  assistance  and  counsel  of 
his  estimable  wife,  who  was  formerly  Mi.ss  I\Iar- 
garet  Brennau,  of  this  cit> .  .Mrs.  Noouau  is  a 
ladv  of  jrreat  literary  attainments,  and  althout^h 
her  works  have  chiefly  been  limited  to  private 
circulation,  she  is  an  authoress  of  no  mean  abil- 
itv.  Three  children  have  been  born  to  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Xoonan — Kdward  J.,  .Mary  Zoe  and  Flor- 
ence— who.se  jrreat  deli>,dil  is  to  be  almoners  of 
charitx'  to  the  deser\-iu,y;  poor.  ^fr.  Xoonan  is 
a  member  of  the  Mercantile  Club,  and  resides 
with  his  family  at  1  •">;'>.">  .Madison  street. 

l'()i.i..\Ri),  Hk.nkv  .M.,  sou  of  Moses  and  .\bl)\- 
I  lirown  )  Pollard,  was  born  in  Plymouth,  \'er- 
mont,  on  June  14,  is;>(;.  He  was  educated  at 
Dartmouth  College,  whence  he  graduated  in 
IH.')?,  after  which  he  taught  school  in  Ken- 
tucky, Iowa  and  Wisconsin  for  three  years, 
having  also  taught  school  in  Vermont  and  Mas- 
sachusetts while  at  college. 

Preferring  law  as  a  jirofession,  Mr.  Pollard 
entered  the  ol?ice  of  Carter  S:  Whipple,  of  Mil- 
waukee. He  was  fortunate  in  his  selection  of 
an  oflfice,  for  both  the  jirincipals  of  this  firm 
have  since  acquired  an  almost  national  fame. 
Mr.  Walter  S.  Carter  is  now  one  of  the  leading 
lawyers  of  New  York  City,  while  ;\Ir.  William 
G.  Whipple,  having  served  as  United  vStates 
district  attorney  for  Arkansas  during  the  war, 
is  now  a  prominent  attorney  of  Little  Rock  in 
that  State. 

Young  Mr.  Pollard  remained  with  this  firm 
until  lHf51,  when  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar. 
Had  he  followed  his  own  inclination,  he  would 
at  once  have  commenced  to  practice;  but  the 
war  having  broken  out,  he  felt  it  his  duty  to  re- 
turn to  \'ermont  and  enlist.  He  served  in  the 
Eighth  Vermont  Infantry  Volunteers,  which 
saw  active  service    in    the    Department  of  the 


C.ulf  under  (ienerals  Banks  and  liuller,  and 
subsequentlx'  in  the  defense  of  Washington 
against  Ivirh'.  .After  this  the  reniuieiil  was 
under  fire  in  the  Shenandoah  \'alle\  under 
I'liil.   .Sheridan. 

in  Jul\-,  IMtiT),  after  four  \ears  of  arduous 
ser\ice  and  great  hardshij),  the  young  attorney 
was  mustered  out,  and  he  at  once  proceeded  to 
the  Albany  Law  .School,  where  he  remained  for 
si.x  moullis.  In  Decemlier,  isti.'i,  he  mo\ed  to 
Chillicothe,  Missouri,  where  he  established  a 
law  office  and  j^racticed  law.  He  sidxsequenlK' 
associated  himself  with  Mr.  Joel  1'.  Asper,  and 
the  firm  had  existed  for  one  \ear  when  Mr.  .\s- 
per  was  elected  to  Congress.  ;\Ir.  Pollard  then 
associated  himself  with  Mr.  P..  J.  Braddus,  with 
whom  he  remained  for  three  years. 

In  bsyii  .Mr.  Pollard  was  sent  to  Congress 
from  what  was  then  the  Tenth  District,  and  in 
March,  1<S77,  was  again  a  candidate.  I  lis  con- 
gressional rectn'd  was  a  good  one,  and  he  took 
with  him  to  Washington  the  sound  legal  knowl- 
edge, as  well  as  the  keen  a])])reciation  of  the 
needs  of  the  West,  which  had  been  dis])layed 
during  his  sojourn  in  this  city.  In  March, 
I1S7SI,  Mr.  Pollard  moved  to  St.  Louis,  in  which 
city  he  has  practiced  law  ever  since.  He  was 
in  jiartnership,  until  I)eceud)er,  D^lio,  with  Mr. 
Seneca  N.  Taylor,  since  which  time  he  has 
been   practicing  alone. 

Mr.  Pollard  is  a  law\er  of  vast  experience 
and  great  ability.  He  has  had  several  cases 
involving  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars,  and 
his  o])inions  have  been  found  excejitionally  ac- 
curate. He  has  a  habit  of  going  full\  into  the 
merits  of  the  case  wdiich  is  laid  before  him,  and 
when  he  thinks  a  client  has  little  chance  of 
success  he  is  not  afraid  to  tell  him  so  distinctly, 
and  seek  authority  to  arrange  a  compromise. 
He  has  avoided  the  waste  of  a  vast  sum  of 
monev  by  exerting  this  discretion,  and  he  has 
earned  the  reputation  of  being  not  only  a  brill- 
iant, but  also  an  honest  and  faithful  lawyer. 

Shortly  after  his  locating  in  this  city,  Mr. 
Pollard,  noticing  a  large  number  of  New  En- 
glanders  doing  business  in  this  city,  decided  to 
start    the    New   England    .Society.      Calling  to- 


lUocRAi'inc.  //.  .  \rrh:\'nf.\'. 


i^etlier  several  of  llu-  descendaiils  of  tlic  Pil^riin  His  success  on  se\eral  noted  pul)lic  occasions 

I'"alliers,  he  establislied  tlie  socielN'  that  is  still  demonstrated  his  jjower  as  a  speaker  and  aptitude 
in  prosperous  existence.  He  was  its  first  ]5res-  for  advocacy,  1nit  it  has  been  in  the  appellate 
ident,  and  is  still  one  of  the  most  entliusiastic  courts  that  he  has  won  his  most  sijj-nal  legal 
uR-uihers  of  the  societ\'  in  whose  ranks  can  Iriuniphs,  where  his  close  auah'tical  reasoning, 
he  found  many  of  the  ver\-  best  citizens  of  forceful  logic  and  concise  yet  felicitous  state- 
.St.  Louis,  all  of  them   his  personal    friends  and      ment  of  legal  propositions  involved  in  questions 

of  constitutional  and  corporation  law  have  won 
for  him,  in  a  marked  degree,  the  confidence  and 
respect  of  both  bench  and  bar. 

.Mr.    Sherwood    has   a   cultured    mind    and    a 

distiucti\'c     ]iersou- 


acciuaintances. 


,Sh1';r\vooi),  .VdiI'.i,,  .son  of  Tliomas  .Vdiel  and 
Mary  K.  (Young)  vSherwood,  was  born  at  Mt. 
X'ernou,  l^awrence 
county,  Missouri,  in 
ISi;;;.  He  was  edu- 
cated ill  the  ])ul)lic 
schools  of  vSt.  Louis, 
and  subscf|ueiUh'  at 
the  St.  Louis  I'lii- 
\ersity,  and  after 
graduating  from  the 
I^aw  vScliool  of  Cin- 
cinnati College  ill 
the  class  of  I.SSL  at 
once  accepted  an  a])- 
pciiutment  tendered 
him  by  the  St.  Louis 
X;  .San  Francisco 
Railroad  as  assistant 
counsel,  with  head- 
(|uartersiii  ,Si.  Louis, 
a  coiiiieclioii  he  cnii- 
liiiued  h)r  ii  i-a  r  1  \- 
nine  years,  with  the 
result  of  an  excep- 
tionally  thorough 

knowledge  of  the  intricacies  of  corpor.itiou  law.  him:  ''He  is  a  niui  whose  integrity,  talents 
111  IS'.i.")  he  se\'ere(l  his  connection  with  the  rail-  and  iiidustr\-  assure  him  an  honorable  and  ])Voiui- 
r.i  id  eoiiipauN-  to  engage  in  the  general  practice  nent  position  at  the  we-iteiu  bar.  To  an  accom- 
iu  ,St.  Louis,  aiul  has  been  unusually  successful  ]ilislied  mind  and  unblemished  character  he 
ill  his  luw  field  of  labor,  where  lie  is  an  indefat-  unites  marked  ability  and  nntiring  energy, 
igable   worker.  that   must    iuevitabh-  lead   to  success." 

.Sprung  from  a  race  of  lawyers,  his  father  hav- 
ing lor  tweut\-  \e  us  adorned  and  strengthened  Im.;i  i.sp,  (',i;ni:r\i.  ji.  M  . — .\  name  insepa- 
llic  suiHriiu-  bench  of  Missouri,  .Mr.  .Sherwood  rably  connected  with  the  earlier  war  historv  of 
has  inherited  in  a  great  part  the  legal  capacity  St.  Louis,  is  that  of  Ciaieral  D.  M.  h'rost,  the 
that  marks  him  as  one  ol  the  most  capable  men  commander  of  Camp  Jackson  when  it  was 
of  his  years  at  the  Mi.s.sonri  bar.                                     captured   by   the   l<"ederal   troops  under  General 


ADIEL  SHURWOOI). 


alit\',  marked  by  an 
inflexible  adlierence 
to  principle  and  un- 
swerving loyally  to 
friends.  He  is  a 
bachelor  for  whom 
so  c  i  e  t  )•  h  ;i  s  no 
charms  comparable 
to  law  and  literature. 

In  politics  a  Dem- 
ocrat, his  influence 
in  .State  counsels 
and  conventions  is 
potent,  but  only  ex- 
ercised to  advance 
the  interests  of  his 
])art}'  or  the  honor- 
able ambition  of  his 
associates. 

A  member  of  the 
St.  Lotiis  bar  who 
knows  .Mr.  .Sher- 
wood   well,  said    of 


278 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.  LOIUS. 


Lvoii.  in  Mav,  1^(11.  The  .Stale  militia  had  been 
called  tDjiether  {ox  their  animal  drill,  and  the 
militia  of  the  First  Missouri  Military  District 
encamped  under  Cieueral  Frost  at  the  southeast 
corner  of  Olive  street  and  Grand  avenue,  this 
constitntins:  Camp  Jackson.  There  are  two 
sides  to  this  oreat  historic  incident,  as  there  are 
to  everv  question,  but  Captain  N.  Lyon,  com- 
mandinji  the  United  State  troops  at  the  arsenal, 
with  four  regiments  of  Missouri  \'olunteers  and 
two  of  Home  Guards,  in  all  about  8,000  men, 
marched  a.o;ainst  and  surrounded  Camp  Jackson, 
Mav  10,  isiil.  A  demand  was  made  for  the 
surrender  of  the  State  troops,  which,  considering 
their  defenseless  condition,  General  Frost  at 
once  acceded  to.  The  ])risoners,  li.H.")  in  number, 
were  drawn  u]i  aU)ng  ( )live  street,  with  the 
Federal  troops  facing  them. 

In  the  latter  part  of  IsiU,  General  Frost  joined 
the  Confederate  army  and  served  two  years,  or 
until  b\-  an  act  of  unprecedented  inlnnnanity, 
his  own  alleged  sins  were  visited  on  the  head  of 
his  wife,  who  was  separated  from  her  five  children 
and  banished  South.  .She  soon  began  to  sink 
under  the  jjrivations  she  was  compelled  to 
endure,  and  to  save  her  life  General  Frost 
tendered  his  resignation  to  General  E.  Kirby 
Smith.  He  went  to  his  wife,  and  together  in  a 
buggy  they  made  the  journey,  interrupted  by 
many  delays,  owing  to  her  illness,  to  the  mouth 
of  the  Rio  Grande.  There  a  vessel  was  taken, 
and  in  due  time  they  reached  Montreal,  Canada, 
where  the  members  of  the  family  were  reunited 
and  remained  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

General  FVost  is  a  de.scendant  in  the  sixth 
generation  of  William  F>ost,  who  settled  on 
Jamaica  Plains,  Long  Island,  in  l(!(i2.  The 
family  through  many  generations  was  the  most 
influential  in  that  part  of  the  State.  One  of 
General  FVost's  grandfathers  was  a  soldier  in 
the  Revolutionary  war,  and  his  father  was  a 
man  of  varied  gifts  and  high  attainments.  He 
was  a  civil  engineer  by  profession,  and  as  such 
was  employed  by  the  State  to  survey  the  upper 
portion  of  the  Hudson  river,  and  also  located 
the  railroad  from  Albany  to  Schnectady.  He 
was  a  mem  ber  of  the  New  York   Legislature, 


and  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  war  of  IN  12, 
he  raised  a  comi^auy  which  did  patriotic  service 
in  behalf  of  the  Gn\crnuicnt. 

His  son,  Daniel  M.,  was  born  .Vugust  !',  IS^.'i, 
in  Schnectady  county,  New  York,  and  after 
attending  the  common  schools  until  sixteen 
years  old,  was  recommended  by  one  of  liis 
teachers  as  a  candidate  for  admission  to  West 
Point.  In  l'S40  he  entered  that  college  and  in 
regular  course  graduated  with  honors,  standing 
fourth  in  his  class.  As  a  cadet  he  went  in  for 
physical  culture  and  became  an  expert  in  all 
kinds  of  athletic  exercises;  and  he  believes  this 
culture  developed  strength  and  a  constitution  to 
which  is  due  his  ])resent  vigor. 

Graduating  in  1S44,  (jeneral  b'rost's  first  as- 
signment was  as  brevet  second  lieutenant,  as 
which  he  saw  two  years  of  uneventful  service 
in  the  Eastern  States.  Ambitious  for  a  more 
active  career,  he,  on  his  own  request,  was  trans- 
ferred to  a  regiment  of  mounted  riflemen,  which 
he  joined  at  Jefferson  Barracks  in  1.^411,  and  was 
soon  en  route  to  Mexico.  There  he  was  as- 
signed to  duty  under  General  Scott,  who  consti- 
tuted himself  the  young  officer's  friend  and 
patron.  He  was  by  the  side  of  General  vScott 
at  the  bloody  battle  of  Churubusco,  and  partici- 
pated in  all  the  engagements  from  \'era  Cruz  to 
Mexico,  and  for  gallant  conduct  was,  on  (Gen- 
eral Harney's  recommendation,  brevetted  first 
lieutenant. 

After  the  declaration  of  peace  he  returned  to 
vSt.  Louis,  and  in  tliespringof  1X411  was  ordered 
with  his  regiment  across  the  jjlains  to  Oregon, 
being  charged,  as  regimental  quarternuister,  with 
the  res])ousible  duty  of  conducting  an  immense 
train  overland.  This  duty  satisfactorily  dis- 
charged, he  returned  to  St.  Louis,  where,  on 
the  recommendation  of  General  Scott,  he  was 
dispatched  to  Europe,  to  gather  information  rel- 
ati\"e  to  iMiropean  cavalr\-  drill  and  discijilinc. 
In  is.'iii  he  returned  and  joined  his  regiment  in 
Te.xas,  Avhere,  in  an  Indian  outbreak,  he  was 
severeh-  wounded.  In  18.");3  he  returned  to  St. 
Louis,  and,  through  domestic  considerations, 
resigned  his  commission;  but  his  military  expe- 
rience   was    taken    advantage    of,   and    he   was 


^^y^'^ 


ni( m;ka  nrrrcAL  appendix. 


279 


elected   cniiniiaii(lt-r  of  the  \VasIiiiii;;ti)ii  (iiianls, 
an  orijaiiization  that  became  Iocall\'  tamons. 

After  leavinji;  the  army  Cieueral  Frost  enijajjed 
in  Inisiness,  first  in  the  himlier  trade,  and  tlien, 
as  a  memfjer  of  the  firm  of  I).  M.  l-'rost  X:  Com- 
pany, in  the  fur  trade. 

In  l.sr)4  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  as 
a  P>enton  Democrat.  As  senator  he  fonj^ht  the 
snmptuary  act — its  ol)ject  beinj^-  to  close  the 
saloons  on  Snnday — and  also  advocated  the  bill 
which  oro;anized  the  militia  of  the  State,  and 
under  which  Camji 
Jackson  was  formed. 
( )n  the  jiassatjc  of 
the  1  a  w  Ci  e  nera  1 
Frost  was  niadebriij- 
adier-general,  com- 
niandin.^  the  b'irst 
Military  District  of 
Missouri.  .\s  such 
he,  in  l>!l)(l,  condnc- 
ted  the  Southwest 
expedition,  march- 
intj  to  Fort  Scott, 
Kansas,  with  7 nil 
nu-u. 

In  ISi;.'),  after  the 
end  of  the  ci\-il  war, 
he  returned  to  St. 
houis  and  settled  on 
his  farm  near  the 
city,  where,  between 
his  larm  and  his  citv 
residence,  he  has 
since  passed  histime, 

surrounded   bv    his   children,   and   enjoNing  the 
com])auionship  of  old    friends. 

(ieneral  b'rost  h.is  been  married  three  times. 
His  first  wife,  to  whom  he  was  married  in  IM.M, 
was  Mi.ss  (iraham,  granddans^hter  of  John 
Mnllanphy,  and  dau<i;hterof  Major  Graham,  one 
of  Ceneral  Harrison's  aids-de-cam]i  in  tlie  war 
ol  INl-'.  I  lis  second  wife  was  a  y;randdan!.jh- 
Icr  of  Anloiue  Chenier,  and  the  niece  of  Henry 
•  •nstave  Sonlard.  His  third  wife,  like  the  first, 
was  a  <^ran<ldaU!L;htcr  of  Jolm  .Mnllanphy. 
General   I'rost  is  the  father  of  eleven  children, 


JOHN   (i.   I'RATHF.k. 


all  of  whom  are  li\ini;-.  One  son,  Hon.  R.  (rra- 
ham  Frost,  has  represented  a  St.  Louis  district 
in  Congress. 

Prathhk,  John-  G.,  son  of  Wesley  F.  and 
Margaret  (Ta\lor)  Pratlier,  was  born  in  Cler- 
mont conntv,  Ohio,  Jtme  !<!,  IS.'U.  While 
he  was  quite  ^'oung,  his  parents  moved  to  Mays- 
\ille,  Kentucky,  in  which  town  he  attended 
the  common  schools  until  twelve  years  of  age, 
his  education  being  occasionally  interrupted  bv 

.steamboat  work,  for 
which  he  had  a  keen 
infatuation. 

Ill  ls.")0  he  came 
to  St.  Lonis  and  be- 
came a  director  and 
stockholder  in  the 
.Vnchor  Line  Com- 
pany. He  estab- 
lished himself  in  the 
\\  hloesale  liquor  bus- 
iness, at  />1(!  North 
Levee,  succeeding 
his  uncle,  the  late 
Daniel  G.  Taylor, 
and  continuing  in 
business  in  the  same 
house  for  thirty-four 
years,  where  he  is 
still  located.  Colonel 
I'rather  is  a  well- 
known  ])ublie  man 
and  jiolitician.  He 
was  a])pointed  by 
Maxor  r>ro\\  n  on  the  Water  Board,  and  served 
as  chairman  of  the  executive  coniniittee  of  the 
Democratic  vState  Connnitlee  for  four  \ears,  and 
in  ISSO,  iu  Chicago,  he  was  named  o\\  the  Dem- 
ocratic Xational  Committee  for  the  State.  At 
Chicago  in  1N.S4  he  was  again  honored  in  this 
manner,  and  was  named  the  third  time  for  the 
]iositiou   in   St.  Lmiis  iu  1>*N>>. 

In  i'^^^ilM ',o\  iruor  I'^raneis  a]i]iointed  Colonel 
I'rather  insjiector  of  oils  lor  the  citv  of  St.  Louis 
and  reappointed  him  in  1S!M.  In  addition  to 
his    active    valuable    political    and    commercial 


•_'.S() 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I  Ail 'IS. 


work,  Mr.  I'rallicr  lias  taken  j^rcat  interest  in 
tlie  Union  Stock  Yards,  in  wliich  lie  is  a  stock- 
holder and  director.  He  is  a  recognized  author- 
ity on  all  river  and  steanil)oat  questions. 

Colonel  Pratlier  married  in  July,  l<S")it,  Miss 
Clementine  Carrier,  of  St.  Louis,  daughter  of 
Madame  Cleinentine  Carrier,  and  niece  of  Dr. 
T.  L.  Pa])in.  He  has  two  daughters,  one  of 
whom  is  now  Mrs.  Thomas  W.  Knapp. 

Ci.ovKR,  A.SHLKV  C. — There  is  no  young 
attorney  in  St.  Louis  better  known,  more  jiopu- 
lar,  or  who  has  filled  high  offices  with  more 
credit  and  ability,  than  he  whose  biography  in 
Iirief  outline  is  here  given.  His  father,  Henry 
.■V.  Clover,  is  remembered  by  old  residents  as  of 
the  older  generation  of  St.  lyonisaus  and  as  a 
lawyer  of  great  elociuence  and  legal  learning. 
His  mother  was  before  her  marriage  Miss  Eliz- 
abeth O'Hannon.  Ashlc\-  C.  was  born  in  St. 
Louis,  December  H,  1858. 

After  the  usual  preparatory  educational 
studies,  he  entered  St.  Louis  University  and 
there  took  the  finishing  courses  of  his  education. 
He  found  that  his  natural  bent  was  toward  the 
law,  and  accordingly  after  leaving  the  uni- 
versity, from  which  he  graduated  in  1877,  he  at 
once  took  u])  the  study  of  Blackstone  as  a  ]Mii)il 
of  the  St.  Louis  Law  School. 

He  rccei\cd  his  degree  in  1S7!I,  and  su]iple- 
uK'nted  this  instruction  of  the  law  school  by  a 
special  course  at  the  celebrated  University  of 
Virginia.  Following  his  admission  to  the  bar 
on  his  return  to  St.  Louis,  he  spent  two  years 
in  regular  practice  as  a  partner  of  his  father. 
He  was  the  recipient  of  official  honors  early  in 
his  professional  life,  Mayor  Ewing  having 
appointed  him  city  attorney  in  the  fall  of  1881. 
He  made  the  most  active  and  irreproachable 
attorney  the  city  had  had  for  a  long  time,  and 
such  popularity  did  he  win  by  the  faithful 
administration  of  the  affairs  of  the  office,  that 
his  friends  urged  him  to  become  a  candidate  for 
circuit  attorney.  He  made  the  race  in  the  fall 
of  1884  and  was  elected. 

In  1H88  he  was  re-elected  for  another  term  of 
four    years,  making    a   most    earnest,  able    and 


honest  official,  cimducting  such  cases  as  that  of 
Maxwell,  Fotheringham  and  the  Chinese  high- 
binders, with  skill  and  crc-dit  to  himself.  The 
record  he  made  entitles  him  to  almost  anv 
other  official  honors  he  may  aspire  to. 

Rkvxolds,  M.\tthe\v  Givhxs,  was  born  No- 
vember lit,  18.")4,  at  Bowling  Green,  Pike  county, 
Missouri.  He  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Stephen  J.  and 
Sophronia  ((ii\-cns)  Reynolds.  His  father  is  a 
native  of  Kentuck\-,  and  his  mother  is  a  native 
of  Missouri.  His  grandfather  on  his  father's  side 
was  Dr.  Michael  Reynolds  of  the  British  Navy, 
who  came  to  this  country  with  the  British  troops 
and  marines  during  the  war  of  I  SI  2,  and  decided 
to   remain,   settling  in   Keutuckw 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  attended  the  public 
schools  in  his  native  town  until  he  was  fifteen 
years  old,  when  he  was  a  cadet  in  the  United 
States  Naval  Academy  at  Annapolis,  Maryland, 
where  he  graduated  in  1874,  taking  the  prize  as 
the  best  executive  officer  in  his  class.  He  then 
served  on  the  United  States  frigate  I'lyiiioittlt ; 
was  detached  in  IS?.'),  and  joiued  the  flagship 
Tennessee,  making  a  voyage  to  China,  returning 
home  in  187(>.  He  was  then  ])romoted  to  en- 
sign, his  commission  dating  from  July,  1875. 
He  then  ser\'ed  on  the  I'nited  vStates  frigate 
//3'"w/;/i,'' until  lcS7  7,  when  he  resigned  and  be- 
came a  law  student  in  the  office  of  Robinson  & 
.Smith, at  BowlingGreen.  He  attended  one  course 
of  law  lectures  at  the  St.  Louis  Law  School, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1878  by  Judge 
Gilchrist  Porter,  and  practiced  law  at  Bowling 
Green  for  one  year,  when  he  removed  to  Louisi- 
ana and  was  a  member  of  the  law  firm  of  P'agg, 
Reynolds  &:  P'agg  until  1S.S2,  when  Judge  Fagg 
removed  to  St.  Louis,  and  the  firm  became  Rey- 
nolds (S:  Fagg.  This  partnership  ended  in  April, 
18S;^,  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Will- 
iam H.  Biggs,  which  continued  until  LSSS. 

In  1878,  Mr.  Reynolds  was  nominated  for 
prosecuting  attorney  of  Pike  county  by  the  Re- 
publicans, and  was  defeated  by  Hon.  David  A. 
Ball.  In  ISSO  he  received  the  Republican 
nomination  for  the  Legislature  in  the  eastern 
district  of  Pike  count\',  and  was  elected  to  the 


n/OCRAP/nCAL  APPENDIX. 


281 


Tliirty-first  ("iciicral  Asseinl)Iy  by  eighty  votes, 
being  tlic  first  RL'i)ul)lican  who  had  been  elected 
in  that  count\'  since  LSIili.  He  served  on  the 
judiciary  committee  and  took  a  prominent  part 
in  tlic  legislation  of  the  session,  being  recog- 
nized as  one  of  the  readiest  and  most  forcible 
debaters  in  the  House.  He  was  a  delegate  to 
the  National  Republican  Convention  at  Chicago 
that  nominated  Hon.  James  (j.  Blaine  in  LSS4, 
and  was  nominated  for  Congress  in  the  Seventh 
Congressional  District  the  same  year,  and  made 
the  canvass  against 
Hon.  John  E.  Hut- 
ton,  reducing  the 
Democratic  mai<  irit\' 
in  the  district  from 
2,727inl8^2tol,-Ji;(; 
in  1S,S4. 

In  issi;  Mr.  Rey- 
nolds removed  to  St. 
Louis,  and  has  since 
practiced  law  in  this 
city.  In  June,  l»!tl, 
he  was  appointed 
United  vStates  attor- 
ne\-  for  the  Ciuirt  uf 
Private  Land  Claims, 
which  position  he 
now  holds.  At  llu- 
organization  of  the 
Missouri  lA'agne  of 
Republican  Clul)s  in 
isss,  Ik- was  elected 
its  fnst  president, 
which  ]iosition  he 
held  for  two  terms, 
hiijli  rank  auionL;  llu- 


M ATVniiW     (i.    UliVNOI.OS. 


Mr. 


Kr\  uolds  occu|Hc-s  a 
iw\ers  ol  M  issouri.  I  K- 
is  careful,  i)aiustaking  and  studious  in  llu-  pi'c]>- 
aration  of  his  cases,  and  is  regarded  as  an 
excellent  trial  la\v\cr. 

On  the  11th  (lay  of  Xovember,  bssd,  M,-.  Rey- 
noUls  was  married  to  Mamie  K.  i'"agg,  daughter 
of  his  old  law  ]iartner,  Judge  Thos.  J.C.  I'"agg, 
fornu-iiy  a  jiulge  ol  the  Supreuu-  Court  of  Mis- 
souri. The\-  ha\e  se\i-u  children — Stephen 
Clark,  Florence,  Alice,  .Mary,  Mattliew  C  Jr., 
Nellie  Lee,  and  Robert  Parker. 


Tansey,  George  Judd. — A  young  gentleman 
who,  in  his  professional  career,  short  as  it  has 
been,  gives  promise  of  attaining  a  more  than 
ordinary  degree  of  success,  is  George  Jiuld 
Tausey,  an  active  and  brilliant  young  lawj'er, 
who  is  a  member  of  the  well-known  legal  firm  of 
Laughliu,  Wood  &.  Tausey.  He  was  born  at 
Alton,  Illinois,  March  25,  18(55.  His  father, 
Robert  P.,  is  a  well-known  citizen  of  St.  Louis, 
and  is  at  the  ]-)resent  time,  and  has  been  for 
many    years,    the    ])resident    of    the    vSl.    Louis 

Transfer  Company. 
In  18(;il  the  family 
moved  from  Alton  to 
St.  Louis.  In  1884 
George  graduated 
from  the  High 
School  in  this  cit\-, 
having  begun  his 
education  in  the 
Stoddard  School, 
one  of  the  best  of 
the  graded  grammar 
schools  in  St.  Louis. 
In  the  fall  of  that 
year  he  entered  Cor- 
nell University,  at 
Ithaca,  New  York, 
from  which  institu- 
tion he  graduated  in 
is.s,s,\s-iili  thedegree 
of  1!.!,.,  and  return- 
ing to  his  home  he 
became  a  student  at 
the  St.  Louis  Law 
.School  in  till-  fall  of  that  \ear,  and  was  admitted 
to  llie  bar  in  j  niu-,    1  SMli. 

In  tin  same  year  he  connected  himself  with 
the  .Si.  Louis  Transfer  Company,  and  his  duties 
as  .secretary  occupied  his  attention  until  P'ebrn- 
ar\-,  1s;mi,  wIkh  1r-  took  up  the  active  jiractice 
of  the  law,  becoming  a  parluer  of  Judge  Laugh- 
liu, conslitnliug  the  firm  which  was  later  changed 
to  its  piesi-nt  stxle.  Aliliough  young,  Mr.  Tan- 
sey is  making  rapid  strides  in  his  profession, 
.lud  has  .ilread\'  made  a  marked  re])ntalion  as 
an  .liter-dinner  speaker  and  campaign  orator. 


282 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.  LOUIS. 


SiiKi.ToN,  TiiKonoRK,  son  of  \'.  \\.  and  Kniily 
(  Connell\- )  SliL-lton,was  born  in  Central  Oeorj^ia, 
June  1«,  istt.  He  attended  the  public  schools 
near  his  home  until  ten  years  of  age,  when  his 
l)arents  moved  to  Hoonville,  Missouri,  in  which 
town  he  continued  his  education.  Seven  years 
later  the  family  located  in  Sedalia,  and  after  at- 
tending school  for  a  short  time  in  the  metropolis 
of  Pettis  county,  Theodore  came  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  secured  a  position  as  a  clerk  with  the 
old  firm  of  Henderson,  Ridgely  «&  Company  on 
Main  street.  For  about  two  years  he  filled  the 
position  with  credit  to  himself  and  to  the  satis- 
faction of  his  employers,  and  in  March,  ISiiT, 
he  entered  the  employment  of  (Jauss,  Hunicke 
&  Company  as  .salesman.  Steadily  and  patiently 
he  worked  his  way  up,  and  after  thirteen  years  of 
faithful  service,  in  tlu-  course  of  which  he  dis- 
played marked  ability,  Mr.  Sheltou  was  admitted 
into  the  firm. 

Si.x  years  later,  in  Issc,  Mr.  Hunicke's  inter- 
est was  purchased,  and  the  firm  name  was 
changed  to  the  Gaus.s-Shelton  Hat  Company, 
Mr.  Sheltou  being  elected  vice-president.  His 
career  is  one  of  which  any  man  might  well  be 
proud.  It  is  said  that  a  country  without  a 
history  is  to  be  envied;  and  while  .some  men  in 
tlieir  hurry  to  .secure  wealth  make  manv  vent- 
ures and  changes,  the  man  who  starts  out  with 
nothing  but  his  own  energy  and  honesty  for 
capital,  and  who  by  hard  work  and  careful  study 
forces  himself  to  the  front  is  a.ssuredly  an  honor 
to  his  race.  Such  a  nuui  is  Mr.  Sheltou,  who 
has  been  connected  with  the  firm  which  now 
bears  his  name  for  twenty-five  )ears,  and  whose 
record  is  as  honorable  as  it  is  eventless.  The 
Gauss-Shelton  house  is  highly  respected  through- 
out the  entire  West  and  South,  and  the  self- 
made,  .sel  f-educated  man  who  is  its  vice-president , 
has  had  much  to  do  with  establishing  its  unique 
and  unrivaled  reputation. 

Mr.  Sheltou  is  the  owner  of  some  valuable 
real  estate  in  St.  Louis,  and  also  of  a  well- 
cared-for  farm  at  Sedalia,  on  which  are  raised 
some  of  the  best  horses  and  cattle  in  the  State. 

He  married  in  lH(i.S  Mi.ss  Jane  R.  Gentry, 
daughter    of    Major   Gentry,   of    Pettis    countv. 


The  i\Iajor  was  a  model  farmer  for  fiflv  \ears, 
and  his  name  has  been  ]irominent  in  the  Slate 
for  the  past  half  century. 

Mr.  Sheltou  has  two  sons,  aged,  respectively, 
twenty  and  seventeen.  They  are  attending  col- 
lege at  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  and  both  give 
evidence  of  great  ability.  They  start  in  life 
under  much  more  favorable  conditions  than  did 
their  father,  and  they  have  also  the  advantage 
of  his  magnificent  record  as  an  examj^le.  It  is 
safe  to  assert  that  one  of  the  first  lessons  they 
were  taught  was  that  "  a  rolling  stone  gathers  no 
moss;"  and  it  is  equally  safe  to  predict  that  they 
will  i>rofit  by  both  the  ])rece])t  and  i)raclirc  of 
their  honored  father. 

Robinson,  Anski.m  Ci.akk,  .M.I). — Proliably 
no  medical  practitioner  in  .St.  J^onis  is  more 
widely  and  fa\'orably  known,  lU"  enjoN's  a  wider 
circle  of  friends  than  the  plnsician  whose  name 
appears  above.  His  patients,  whose  number  is 
legion,  are  to  be  found  in  every  section  and 
quarter  of  the  city,  from  the  ])alatial  mansion 
of  the  millionaire  to  the  more  humble  and  less 
pretentious  cottage  of  the  artisan  and  clerk, 
with  all  of  whom  his  reputation  as  a  practical 
and  skillful  plu'sician  is  freely  acknowledged. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  St. 
Charles,  Missouri,  November  L^),  l.S;')l,  coming 
to  St.  Louis  when  he  was  but  fourteen  years 
of  age.  His  father,  the  Rev.  John  W.  Robin- 
son, was  one  of  the  most  noted  ministers  of  the 
Missouri  Conference  of  the  Methodist- Episcopal 
Church,  South,  and  was  possessed  of  many  of 
the  ennobling  traits  of  character  with  which  his 
son  (  who  is  familiarly  called  Tom  by  those  who 
knew  him  in  boyhood)  is  so  richlv  endowed. 
His  mother,  .Mrs.  Dorcas  (Griffith )  Roljinson, 
was  also  noted  as  one  of  the  noblest  of  women 
l)v  all  who  knew  her,  and  one  that  possessed 
many  grand  qualities  of  both  head  and  heart. 
It  was  under  the  tuition  of  such  parents  that 
Dr.  Robinson  laid  the  foundation  for  the  straight 
and  persistent  course  in  life  that  has  surmounted 
every  barrier  and  borne  him  on  the  top  wave  to 
the  haven  of  prosperity  and  public  confidence 
from  which   he  can   now  look   back   with   com- 


niocRAnincAL  APPi-ih'nrx. 


283 


plaisance  wy'.m   llic  .stni<j^lcs  incidental   to  tlic  nntil  it  has  assumed  such  ])ioportions  as  to  tax 

early  life  of  a  ph\-sician.  to  the  ntterniost  the  Doctor's  extraordinary-  phys- 

After    cominj^  to    St.    Louis,    Dr.    Robinson  ical  ])o\ver  of  endurance.      During  his  career  as 

attended    the    ,St.  Louis    frernian    Institute    for  a  medical  practitioner  he  has  temporarily  filled 

four  years,  actpiiring  a  thorough  knowledge  and  every  position  in  the  City  Board  of  Health,  and 

mastery  of  the  German  language,  after  which  he  became  a  member  of  the  same  in  the  spring  of 

entered  the  collegiate  department  of  the  Wash-  LSill,  under  the  Noonan  administration, 

ington  l'ni\'ersit\',    taking  a  six    ^•ears'    course.  He  is  a  member  of  the  vSt.  Louis  Medical  vSo- 

and  leaving  shortly  after  having    reached    the  ciety,  also  of  the  ]\Iedical  Chirurgical  Society. 

vSophomore  class.     While  still  at  the  Washing-  He  is  also  prominent   in   the   Masonic  circles, 

ton  University  he  took  up  the  study  of  medicine  being  a  member  of  the  vSt.  .\ldemar  Command- 


under  Dr.  Tnholske, 
bringing  the  same 
jiersistent  diligence 
into  c ff e c t  as  at 
school  —  a  ]iersist- 
encethat  has  marked 
his  entire  career. 

After  reading  med- 
icine for  some  time 
under  the  jirccejit- 
orship  of  Dr.  Tn- 
holske, he  entered 
the  Missouri  Med- 
ical College,  taking 
a  three  years"  course 
and  graduating  in 
I'STl,  and  through 
the  efforts  of  his  kind 
and  thoughtful  ])re- 
ceptor  was  inime- 
diateK'  gi\en  a  po- 
sition in  the  Cit\' 
Disi>ensar\-,  d  oi  ng 
an\thing  that  was 
required    of  him,  rising 


OK.  A.  C.  kOBINSON 


ery,  Xo.  18,  Knights 
T  e  m  p  1  a  r  s ,  besides 
numerous  other  or- 
ders. He  has  ni.-ide 
the  diseases  of 
women  and  children 
a  specialt\-,  and  is 
considered  bv  the 
entire  medical  fra- 
ternity of  the  coun- 
tr\-  authoritv  on 
same. 

In  social  life  Dr. 
Robinson  is  one  of 
the  most  genial  of 
men.  Ilis  domestic 
relations,  of  which 
he  has  ample  cause 
to  feel  proud,  are  of 
the  most  pleasant 
nature,  and  in  his 
beautiful  Jiome,  on 
West  I'ine  street, 
surrounded     by    his 

charming   wife   and    lovelv    children,    his  hap- 

]Mest    hours    are  s]ienl   in    relaxation    from    his 

arduous  duties. 

In    December,   l~>7."i,  he  was   married   to   .Miss 

Ma\-  Duffer,  a  member  of  one  of  the  oldest  fam- 


ni  a  slioii  tnui-  to  tin.' 
jiosition  of  assistant  druggist,  in  turn  to  that  of 
assistant  ])h\sician,  and  finall\-  ])hysiciau  in 
charge,  having  been  connected  with  the  institu- 
tion, in  \arioirs  cajKicities,  for  eight  years,  dur- 
ing which  time  he  accjuircd  an  experience  and  ilies  of  this  citv,  who  was  noted  for  her  rare 
insight  into  human  nature  that  has  pro\en  in-  beauty  and  loveliness  of  character.  Two  cliil- 
\aluable  to  him  i\er  since.  dren   liax'e  brightened  their  home   and  fireside, 

ImmcdiatrK  alter  leaving  the  Dispens.-ny,  he  Hattie  and  Ivlla,  now  \onng  ladies  at  school, 
engaged  in  general  practice,  and  almost  at  one  both  of  whom  have,  to  a  large  degree,  inherited 
bound  (as  it  were  )  lea]ied  into  a  paying  and  their  mother's  beauty  and  their  father's  strength 
lucrative    practice    wliich    constantly  increased     of  character. 


2S-I 


Ol,D  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


KiNC.si.AM),  Lawkkncp:  D.,  president  of  the 
Citizens"  vSnioke  Abatement  Association  and  of 
the  St.  Lonis  vSpanish  Cinb,  has  done  an  im- 
mense amount  of  good  work  for  the  city,  not 
onlv  in  connection  with  these  two  important 
bodies,  but  also  in  connection  with  ahnost  every 
important  movement  of  the  last  quarter  of  a  cent- 
ury. The  Spanish  Club,  designed  to  strengthen 
the  relations  between  St.  Louis  manufacturers 
and  exporters,  and  the  bnsiness  world  in  the 
Spanish-American  republics,  lias  introduced 
vSt.  I/onis-niade  goods  into  hundreds  of  cities, 
and  has  increased  the  shipping  returns  from 
this  citv  many  i)oiuts  per  cent.  Until  the  club 
agitated  the  question,  the  importance  of  the 
Mexican  and  South  American  trade  was  entirely 
lost  sight  of.  Since  then  the  matter  has  been 
regarded  from  a  more  common-sense  stand, 
and  president  Kiugsland,  who  has  made  several 
tours  through  Mexico  himself,  is  largely  respon- 
sible for  the  im])ro\cmeut. 

When  the  Smoke  Abatement  Association  was 
formed,  the  leaders  in  the  movement  recognized 
in  Mr.  Kingsland  the  very  man  for  the  presi- 
dency, and  he  was  elected  to  the  office  unani- 
mously. No  city  has  done  so  much  in  so  short 
a  time  to  rid  itself  of  the  smoke  nuisance,  and 
the  excellent  management  of  the  president  of 
the  association  is  mainly  responsible  for  the 
good  results.  Mr.  Kingsland  was  also  an  active 
member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Au- 
Inmnal  Festivities  Association  during  its  busi- 
est days,  is  a  director  and  an  enthusiastic  sup- 
porter of  the  E.xposition,  and  also  does  good  work 
in  connection  with  the  Tariff  Commission. 

The  Kingsland  family  is  an  old  one,  and  is 
spoken  of  with  respect  in  Pittsburgh,  as  well  as 
in  St.  Louis.  Mr.  C.eorge  Kingsland,  the  father 
of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania, and  was  the  son  of  the  man  whose 
name  is  so  prominent  in  the  annals  of  the  iron 
industry  of  Pittsburgh,  his  work  in  establish- 
ing that  industry,  when  it  was  not  believed  to 
be  practicable  to  compete  with  the  iron  houses  of 
Enrope,  having  been  crowned  with  unique  and 
lasting  success.  Mr.  George  Kingsland  saw  in 
the  early  thirties  that  as  in  empires  —  so  in  man- 


ufactures—  the  course  was  distincth'  and  un- 
changeal)ly  westward.  ()tliers  disputed  this 
statement,  but  Mr.  Kingsland  read  the  signs  of 
the  times  correcth  ,  and  in  l.s;{4  he  came  to  St. 
Louis,  in  which  cit)'  he  jirocceded  to  organize 
the  firm  of  Kingsland  iS:  Lightuer  and  to  estab- 
lish the  second  iron  foundr\-  in  vSl.  I^onis. 

In  1X44  the  firm  of  Kiugsland  &  Lightner  was 
succeeded  b}'  that  of  Kingsland  iS:  I-'erguson, 
and  the  manufacturing  of  agricultural  imple- 
ments was  made  a  specialty.  Half  a  centnr\- 
has  ela]ised  since  this  polic\'  was  determined 
U])on,  but  the  establishment  has  ne\er  been 
tempted  to  deviate  from  it,  nor  lia\'ethe  demands 
of  its  customers  rendered  it  jjossible  to  do  so. 

Mr.  George  Kingsland  married  Miss  liliza 
Ferguson,  daughter  of  Mr.  F'erguson,  a  ]iromi- 
nent  manufacturer  of  Pittsburgh,  and  a  member 
of  one  of  the  oldest,  and  best  respected  Pennsyl- 
vania families.  On  September  1."),  1H41,  a  son 
was  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kingsland,  and  that 
son  to-day  is  one  of  the  most  prosperous  and 
loyal  citizens  of  St.  Louis.  He  was  christened 
Lawrence  I).,  and  when  old  enough  to  go  to 
school  was  placed  under  the  care  of  Mr.  lulward 
\V>'mau,  a  St.  I^ouis  teacher  who  has  left  behind 
him  the  reputation  of  having  trained  an  excep- 
tionally large  number  of  Ijoys  who  ha\e  grown 
into  leaders  of  men  and  interests  in  St.  Lonis 
and  the  West.  When  sixteen  }ears  of  age, 
voung  Kingsland  entered  the  Military  Institute 
at  Nasli\-ille,  Tennessee,  which  was  then  in 
charge  of  (General  Bushrad  Johnson. 

On  the  outbreak  of  the  war  Mr.  Kingsland's 
sympathies  were  naturally  with  the  South. 
While  at  Nashville  he  had  studied  the  question 
conscientiously,  and  had  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  the  South  had  justice  on  its  side.  Hence, 
although  he  recognized  that  bv  so  doing  he  in- 
terfered very  much  with  his  prospects  for  a  suc- 
cessful commercial  career,  he  placed  his  services 
at  the  disposal  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 
In  December,  1<S<>(I,  he  enlisted  and  ser\-ed  on 
the  staff  of  General  Harris.  He  took  part  in 
the  scouting  party  organized  by  that  general, 
and  was  captain  in  command  of  a  sectiiin  of  it, 
with  the  rank  of  lieutenant. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


285 


He  was  next  sent  to  Corinth,  and  his  com- 
])anv  was  attached  to  Creneral  Forrest's  com- 
mand. After  doinjj;  dnt\-  for  some  time  in  the 
\icinit\'  of  Corintli,  Ivieutenanl  KiuLjsland  was 
sent  on  a  recruitin.y;  exjiedition  to  vSt.  Louis. 
The  difficulties  to  Ije  surmounted  durins^  the 
journc)-  were  numerous,  but  lie  succeeded  in 
t^etting  within  a  Inmdred  miles  of  the  city. 
There  he  met  a  detachment  of  Home  Guards  in 
such  overwhelming  force  that  he  was  compelled 
to  fall  back  into  .\rkansas.  \'icksbnrg  ha\'- 
ing  fallen,  it  was  impossible  for  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  to  rejoin  the  Army  of  the  East. 
He  was  hence  attached  to  the  trans-Mississippi 
Department  and  appointed  adjutant  to  the 
Eighth  Missouri  Regiment.  His  services  were 
so  valuable  and  his  gallautr)-  so  conspicuous 
that  he  soon  rose  to  the  position  and  rank  of 
brigade  adjutant.  After  the  battle  of  Lexing- 
ton, and  while  the  army  was  stationed  at  Neo- 
sho, he  was  placed  in  command  of  an  escort  to 
exchange  (General  Mulligan  for  General  Frost. 
Tliis  assignment,  like  all  others  undertaken  by 
Mr.  Kingsland,  was  carried  out  succcssfulh-. 

Peace  came  at  last,  and  Mr.  Kingsland  was 
able  to  direct  his  attention  once  more  to  com- 
merce. Entering  the  house  of  which  his  father 
was  senior  partner,  he  kejit  the  books  for  four 
years,  and  then  was  made  a  nuinbcrnf  the  firm. 
For  the  next  four  years  he  was  on  the  road  as 
traveling  salesman,  a  ])ositiou  for  which  his 
handsDuie  i>reseneeand  manly  bearing  nuule  him 
conspicuously  competent.  His  success  on  the 
road  was  phenomenal,  and  led  to  the  foundation 
of  the  magnificent  ct)unection  his  firm  now  has. 

On  the  death  of  Mr.  (xeorge  Kingsland,  it  be- 
came necessar\-  for  his  son  to  give  his  attention 
to  the  business  at  home,  and  he  became  manager 
of  the  selling  and  agency  department.  The  va- 
rious changes  which  ha\e  since  taken  ]ilace  in 
life  firm,  have  already  been  recorded  in  this 
work,  and  it  is  sufficient  to  say,  that  in  1SS7 
Mr.  Kingsland  bi'came  jiresidenl  of  the  Kings- 
land  (S:  I)t)nglas  Manufacturing  Coin])any.  His 
able  management  has  resiUled  in  this  coui]iau\ 
securing  an  international  reputatinn.  He  has 
made   it   a  scttU'd    ])olic\-   to  watch   nut    fnr   im- 


provements in  machinery,  and  to  adopt  all  which 
a])pear  to  be  of  a  practicable  character.  It  has 
also  been  his  personal  care  never  to  allow  an  in- 
ferior article  or  section  of  a  machine  to  lea\'e  the 
factory;  and  so  conscientiously  has  this  rule  been 
carried  out,  that  no  guarantee  is  ever  asked  for 
when  a  machine  bears  the  stamp  of  this  com- 
l)any.  Not  only  are  these  agricultural  imple- 
ments .sold  in  every  State  in  the  Union,  but 
they  are  also  in  general  request  in  Old  Mexico, 
in  which  re])id)lic,  as  already  stated,  .Mr.  Kings- 
land  has  tra\-eled  extensively.  He  has  studied 
the  manners  and  customs  of  the  Mexicans,  as 
well  as  the  special  requirements  of  their  trade, 
and  hence  his  machines  have  a  ])ractical  mo- 
nopoly in  that  country. 

It  was  while  introducing  his  specialties  into 
Mexico  that  he  was  imjjressed  with  the  impor- 
tance of  fostering  trade  with  the  republic,  and 
this  led  to  his  energy  in  connection  with  the 
Spanish  Club.  In  addition  to  the  other  good 
work  accomplished  by  this  organization,  it  has 
succeeded  in  increasing  railroad  facilities  to  a 
vast  extent,  and  has  also  caused  rates  to  be  ad- 
justed equably  so  that  the  handicap  under  which 
St.  Louis  hitherto  labored  has  been  in  great 
measure  removed. 

.Mr.  Kingsland  nuirried  on  Nmember  .")th, 
l^iiiT,  .Miss  Lizzie  Tenant  of  this  cit\ .  IK-  has 
two  children,  Douglas  C,  who  assists  in  ilu- 
business  of  the  firm,  and  Miss  Bessie  T.  Mr. 
Kingsland  is  a  member  of  the  Merchants'  ]v\- 
change,  the  Mercantile  Club,  the  Fair  Grounds 
Jockey  Club,  the  Legion  of  Honor,  aiul  the 
Royal  .\rcannm.  He  is  noted  for  his  genen)sitv 
and  kindly  dis])osition,  and  few  men  eujo\-  such 
a  large  circle  of  warm  ]iersonal  friends. 

KlX.SKi.i..\,  W.  J.,  .son  of  Patrick  and  V.Wqw 
(  Keating)  Kinsella,was  born  in  Conntv  Carlow, 
Ireland,  in  1S4(!.  His  father  was  an  architect 
of  considerable  reputation  in  Ireland,  he  having 
constructed  some  of  the  largest  public  l)nildings 
in  that  country,  .\fter  receiving  an  education  in 
the  schools  of  his  native  town,  young  Kinsella 
was  sint  to  St.  Patrick's  College,  where  he  re- 
maine<l  until  his  father's  death,  which  occurred 


2.sr, 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


when  he  was  about  fourteen  \  eais  old.  Willi  a 
brother  not  nnioli  older  than  himself  he  pro- 
cured a  position  with  the  jobliinj;;  house  of  A.  !•". 
McDonald  ^  Conipau)-,  of  Dul^lin,  one  of  the 
larjjest  houses  in  Ireland. 

He  made  considerable  progress,  but  when  he 
was  nineteen  years  of  age  he  became  convinced 
that  the  United  States  offered  a  much  larger 
field  for  an  energetic  lad  with  little  or  no  capital, 
and  he  accordingly  crossed  the  Atlantic,  landing 
in  Xew  York  just  at  the  close  of  the  war,  and 
applied  for  a  position  in  the  house  of  A.  T. 
Stewart  &  Company.  He  was  told  that  there 
was  no  vacancy,  but  that  a  job  could  be  found 
him  as  a  wrapperof  bundles;  and  it  is  character- 
istic of  the  man  that  he  should  accept  this  tri- 
fling opening  without  hesitation.  He  was  almost 
at  the  foot  of  the  ladder,  but  he  could  see  the 
rounds  above  him.  \'ery  soon  his  industry 
singled  him  out  for  promotion,  and  abetter  posi- 
tion was  offered  to  him.  He  took  it,  feeling 
that  he  had  grasj)ecl  the  second  round  of  the 
ladder.  This  new  j)osition  was  with  Hamilton, 
Easter  &  Sons,  of  Baltimore.  Here  he  stayed 
until  1^70,  when  he  tried  a  retail  grocery  vent- 
ure in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  in  connection  with  his 
brother,  who  had  followed   him  to  this  countrv. 

The  enterprise  did  not  ])rove  a  profitable  one, 
and  the  young  men  lost  all  the  capital  invested. 
Mr.  W.  J.  Kiusella  then  went  to  Xew  York  and 
subsequently  looked  over  the  western  ground, 
finally  selecting  St.  Louis  as  the  best  place  for 
him.  He  accordingly  located  in  this  citv  and 
secured  employment  in  the  house  of  Porter, 
Worthington  &  Company,  for  whom  he  worked 
for  some  time,  the  connection  being  nuituallv 
agreeable.  The  Kingsford  Oswego  Starch  Com- 
pany finally  secured  his  services  for  their  mana- 
ger, and  he  largely  increased  their  business  bv 
his  able  management.  In  1879  the  Thomson- 
Taylor  Spice  Company,  of  Chicago,  recognizing 
his  push  and  energy,  placed  him  in  charge  of 
their  St.  Louis  branch,  and  after  two  years  the 
Tliomson-Ta\lor  Company  accepted  an  offer 
from  him  l<>  purchase  the  St.  Louis  connection. 

Fortunately  for  St.  Louis  the  offer  was  ac- 
cepted, and  a  Chicago  branch  house  became  cou- 


\erted  into  a  \-ery  live  home  concern  under  the 
firm  name  of  W.  J.  Kinsella  .S:  Companv.  Busi- 
ness increased  \'ery  rapidlv,  and  in  bSfii;  it  was 
found  ad\-isable  to  incorporate  the  concern  under 
the  name  of  the  Hanley  .S:  Kiusella  Coffee  and 
Spice  Companw  When  Mr.  Kiusella  bought 
out  the  business  St.  Louis  was  not  recognized  as 
a  special  market  for  spices,  but  at  the  present 
time  it  is  one  of  the  foremost  in  the  United  States; 
also  being  one  of  the  largest  inland  coffee 
markets  in  the  world.  Very  much  of  the  growth 
of  the  business  is  the  result  of  the  activitv  of  the 
subject  of  this  sketch,  who  has  from  lime  to 
lime  introduced  every  mechanical  de\ice  cal- 
culated to  expedite  work,  and  whose  new  mill  is 
a  model  one. 

-At  the  present  lime  the  business  of  the  com- 
pany has  grown  to  immense  proportions,  and  is 
con.sidered  one  of  the  largest  in  the  countiy. 
The  relations  between  the  president  of  the  com- 
pany and  the  large  staff  emi?loyed  are  of  the 
most  friendly  character,  and  every  member  of 
the  house  regards  its  progress  a  personal  pride. 
The  same  courteous  and  just  demeanor  marks 
Mr.  Kinsella's  every-day-life,  and  there  are  few 
men  in  the  city  more  popular  than  he.  His 
services  have  l)eeu  frequently  requested  in  \ari- 
ous  public  undertakings,  and  his  serx'ices  on 
the  board  of  the  Mercantile  Club,  the  Missouri 
Mutual  Building  and  Loan  .Association,  and 
Mei'chants'  Life  Association  of  .St.  Louis,  have 
been  invalualjle.  As  vice-president  of  the  West- 
ern Commercial  Travelers'  Association,  he  did 
some  valuable  work,  and  he  is  also  a  prominent 
member  of  the  Associated  Wholesale  Grocers, 
Royal  Arcanum  and  the  Knights  of  St. Patrick. 

Mr.  Kinsella  attributes  much  of  his  success  in 
life  to  the  good  counsel  and  co-operation  of  his 
wife,  who  was  formerly  Miss  Nellie  Hanley,  of 
Xew  York.  The  marriage  took  place  in  Sep- 
tember bS.SO,  and  there  are  three  children  snr\-iv- 
ing — William  Hanle\-,  Dalton  Louis  and  l-'.lla 
Marie.  ^Ir.  Kinsella  is  quite  a  family  man,  and 
has  the  co-operation  of  his  household  in  his 
numerous  undertakings  of  charity  and  bene\'o- 
lence.  He  is  still  quite  a  young  man  and  has 
before  him  an  excellent  career  of  usefulness. 


^v 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


2.S7 


Carij.si.r,  James  L.,  son  of  David  and  Mary 
(Conrt)  Carlisle,  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  Mis- 
souri. He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  St.  Louis,  and  at  Central  College,  Fayette, 
Missouri.  After  receiving  a  thorough  course  at 
the  latter,  he  studied  law  at  the  St.  Louis  Law 
School,  graduating  in  1873.  He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  the  same  year,  and  until  187()  prac- 
ticed law  in  the  office  of  Glover  &  Shepley. 

In  187()  he  opened  his  own  law  office,  read- 
il\'  building  up  a  large  and  profitable  clientage. 

In  lSiS2,  on  ac- 
count of  poor  health, 
he  relinquished  his 
law  ])ractice  to  ac- 
cept the  office  of  jurv 
commissioner.  This 
important  jjosition 
was  held  by  Mr.  Car- 
lisle for  two  terms, 
of  four  years  each, 
he  receiving  a  unan- 
imous re-election. 
Mr.  Carlisle's  ad- 
niinislration  of  the 
delicate  and  respon- 
sible duties  of  jury 
coinmissioner  gave 
him  a  re]nilatii)n  for 
courageous  impar- 
tialit\-  and  ready  and 
thorough  executive 
ability. 

In  l.SiMi  the  .\us- 
Iralian     xotiiig    law 

was  to  lie  jnU  into  t)j)Lration  in  St.  Louis,  and 
nuich  an.xiety  existed  over  the  selection  of  a 
recorder  of  voters,  who  would  have  to  conduct 
its  initiator}  administration.  Governor  David 
R.  I-'rancis,  allii  llu-  most  careful  consideration 
of  a  large  number  of  cajiable  genllenun,  a])- 
]H)inted    Mr.  Carlisle. 

In  insliluling  the  ni.'\v  law  and  its  CDnqili- 
cated  machinery,  .Mr.  Carlisle  is  generallv  cred- 
ited with  exhibiting  great  tact  and  discernment. 
.\llhough  an  ardent  Democrat  it  is  freelv  ac- 
kniuvledged   that   he  treated   his  political  oppo- 


JAMKS    L.  CAkl-l--i|.K. 


nents  with  absolute  justice  and  full  courtesy. 
Many  of  his  political  opponents  who  were  de- 
feated candidates,  personally  expressed  their 
thanks  to  him  for  the  impartial  treatment  they 
received  at  his  hands. 

The  duties  of  the  recorder  of  voters  not  being 
inconsistent  with  the  practice  of  law,  Mr.  Car- 
lisle returned  to  his  profession,  forming  a  part- 
nership with  :\Ir.  L.  Frank  Ottofy.  The  firm 
of  Carlisle  &  Ottofy  is  now  enjoying  a  fine  and 
lucrative   practice,  counting   among  its   clients 

many  of  the  best  re- 
puted mercantile 
houses  of  the  city. 
In  March,  1894, 
with  nearly  a  year 
of  his  term  as  re- 
corder of  voters  un- 
expired.  President 
Cleveland  appointed 
.Mr.  Carlisle  post- 
master of  St.  Louis. 
He  as.sumed  the  du- 
ties of  the  postmas- 
tership  April  1,18!I4. 
-Mr.  Carlisle  is 
still  a  \-oung  man  in 
the  prime  of  his  ca- 
reer, both  mentallv 
and  physically. 

He  married  in 
l>i.^<i  .Miss  Kate 
j  u  h  n  son,  of  St. 
Charles  county,  Mis- 
souri. His  family 
consists  of  one  daughter,   Miss  Marv  Kathrvn. 

CiiANX'Ki.i.OR,  Er.sTATims,  A.M.,  .M.D.,  of 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  comes  of  Fuglish  stock. 
He  was  born  at  Chancellors\iIle,  Spottsylvania 
eiinnly,  \'irginia,  .\ugust  the  2!lth,  1854.  His 
parents,  Doctor  J.  Kdgar  and  1).  Josephine 
Chancellor,  being  members  of,  and  allied  to,  the 
oldest  families  in  the  ( )1(1  Dominion.  His  earlv 
education  was  ac(|uired  at  pri\ate  schools  in  his 
native  country  and  at  Charlottesville,  Virginia. 
iU  pursued  his  classical  studies  until  1870. 


•28.S 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


Ill  ( )(.tol)fr  of  tlic  same  year  he  visited  Coluin- 
l)iis,  C.eori^na,  where  he  accepted  the  position  of 
assistant  cashier  and  book-keeper  to  a  railroad 
official,  which  he  was  compelled  to  <,nve  U])  one 
vear  later  on  acconnt  of  ill  health.  He  returned 
to  the  University  of  Virginia  in  October,  1.S71, 
and  matriculated  in  the  collet;;iate  course  with 
civil  enjj^ineeriny;,  entering  the  junior  class,  and 
at  the  close  of  the  session  received  certificates 
of  proficiency  in  the  several  departments.  He 
devoted  two  more  years  to  classical  studies  and 
higher  mathematics. 

In  the  fall  of  1874  he  matriculated  in  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  \'ir- 
ginia,  the  .second  year  graduating  with  honors, 
receiving  his  di])loma  on  the  2!itli  of  June,  187(>. 

He  attended  the  clinics  at  the  University  of 
Pennsylvania  for  several  weeks  following,  when 
he  received  the  appointment  of  prosector  to  the 
chair  of  anatonn-  in  the  University  of  Maryland 
(school  of  medicine),  and  clinical  assistant  in 
the  hospital,  and  matriculated  as  a  student  of 
medicine  in  the  l^niversity  of  Maryland,  and 
received  a  second  diploma  (  l!^77  )  with  a  well- 
earned  certificate  of  proficiency  from  the  uni- 
versity hospital. 

In  the  spring  of  1.S7.S  he  was  appointed  assist- 
ant resident  physician  in  the  university  hospital, 
which  position  he  held  for  twelve  months,  the 
greater  part  of  the  time  acting  as  chief  physician, 
resigning  in  Alarch,  l.S71t.  He  has  contributed 
many  valuable  articles  on  surgery  and  medicine, 
and  also  on  insurance  to  the  leading  journals 
of  the  country. 

He  returned  to  the  University  of  Virginia  and 
formed  a  co-partnership  with  his  father,  Dr.  J. 
Edgar  Chancellor,  in  the  practice  of  medicine 
and  surgery.  In  1880,  desiring  a  wider  field  for 
his  professional  ambition,  he  selected  St.  Louis 
as  his  future  home,  arriving  there  July  9,  18.H(), 
where  his  ability,  professional  and  genial  man- 
ners, brought  him  into  prominence  and  a  lucra- 
tive practice.  His  abilities  and  studious  habits 
recommending  him,  he  became  medical  examiner 
of  .some  twenty  of  the  most  popular  secret  socie- 
ties of  the  city.  He  grew  to  be  an  active  Master 
Mason,  a  Knight  of  Pythias,  Knight  Templar, 


a  Noble  of  the  .Mystic  Shrine  and  .Scottish    Rile 
Mason. 

He  was  one  of  llic  leading  founders  of  the 
Heaumont  Hospital  Medical  College  in  188;'), 
and  filled  the  chair  of  cutaneous  and  venereal 
diseases  until  ISIHI,  when  1r-  resigned  \)\  ri'asou 
of  a  growing  practice.  He  was  elected  Supreme 
Medical  Director  of  the  Legion  of  Honor  in 
188(i,  and  filled  the  position  efficiently  and  satis- 
factorily for  three  years,  and  declined  re-elec- 
tion in  LSHii.  He  was  afterwards  appointed 
Supervising  Medical  Examiner  of  the  Royal 
Arcanum,  of  Mi.ssouri.  As  a  ready  medical 
writer,  a  fluent  and  lucid  lecturer,  and  an  ener- 
getic worker  in  national,  State  and  local  med- 
ical societies,  he  achieved  deserved  popuiarit\-, 
and  while  enj()\-ing  social  amenities,  he  lost  no 
opjiortunity  to  improve  himself  in  science.  In 
1884  the  degree  of  Master  of  Arts  was  conferred 
upon  him  by  the  St.  Louis  University.  He  was 
appointed  by  Governor  Francis,  in  1891,  Medical 
Director  of  the  State  National  Guard,  with  the 
rank  of  lieutenant-colonel,  which  position  he 
has  filled  with  credit  to  himself  and  honor  to  the 
State  of  his  adoption.  It  was  through  his  efforts 
that  St.  Louis  secured  the  National  Association 
of  Military  Surgeons  in  1892,  and  at  its  second 
annual  meeting  he  was  unanimously  elected 
])ermanent  secretary. 

Personall)',  he  is  one  of  the  most  genial  of 
men,  possessed  of  a  \-ast  amount  of  personal 
magnetism,  and  as  a  gentleman,  civilian-soldier 
and  a  physician,  his  word  is  as  good  as  his  bond. 
"  No  one  has  done  more  than  Dr.  Chancellor," 
says  the  Iiuiiistrial  ami  Home  Moi/t/ilv,  of 
Chicago,  in  a  recent  article,  "  to  ad\'ance  the 
high  standard  of  life  insurance  examinations 
and  characterize  this  field  as  a  distinct  specialty. 
He  has  the  good  fortune  to  be  medical  examiner 
of  many  of  the  best  life  and  accident  insurance 
companies  in  the  land,  and  represents  several 
traveling  men's  mutual  associations." 

This  eulogy  is  the  more  welcome  to  Dr.  Chan- 
cellor's many  friends  on  acconnt  of  its  spon- 
taneous appearance  in  a  publication  of  influence 
published  outside  the  city.  Nearer  at  home  the 
doctor's  work  is  looked  upon  as  in\'aluable. 


e>^-^^y^ 


/ 


/ 


RIOGRAPHICAI.  .  \ I'l'l-'.XniX. 


289 


vSoi.DAX,  1m<a\k  Loris,  is  a  native  of  I'"rauk- 
fort-on-tlie-Maiii,  (icniiany.  His  father  was 
John  Justin  Soklan;  his  mother,  Mrs.  Caroline 
Solclan,  )icc  Klssnian.  He  received  his  education 
in  tlie  schools  of  CjernK'uu-,  from  his  sixth  to 
liis  nineteentli  year.  In  IrSii;)  he  came  to  tlie 
I'nited  States  and  after  a  sojourn  of  two  montlis 
in  New  York  came  to  St.  Louis,  wlicre  he  has 
keen  engaged  in  educational  work  for  more  than 
thirty  years. 

From  IStU  to  ISliS  he  kept  one  of  the  largest 
])ri\ate  schools  in 
the  cit\-;  while  thus 
engaged  he  wrote 
an  "A  m  eric  a  n 
Reader"  for  (ierman- 
Ainerican  schools, 
and  a  series  of  essa\s 
on  the  Darwinian 
theory,  as  well  as 
some  transla  tions 
from  Horace.  Dur- 
ing the  following 
year  he  taught  in  the 
Central  High  .School 
until  he  was  ap- 
pointed assistant 
snjierintendentof  the 
public  schools. 

In  1  '"^T  1  he  was  a])- 
jtointcd  principal  of 
the  Xormal  School, 
which  ]>osition  he 
still  holds.  I  )uring 
jiis  connection  with 
the  Xormal  School  it  has  sti-adilv  risen  in  the 
appreciation  ot  the  ])ul)lic.  Mr.  I'.uisson,  the 
k'rench  Minister  of  Instruction,  who  visited  the 
.Xormal  in  l-'^7(),  spoke  of  it  in  one  of  his  reports 
as  the  model  school  of  the  West.  In  the  fall  of 
1SS7  both  the  High  .School  and  the  Xormal 
.School  were  united  under  his  management. 

Mr.  .Soldau's  educational  work  as  a  writer  and 
a  lectunr  has  extended  Ijeyond  the  limits  of  the 
cit\ .  He  lectured  for  four  weeks  in  Knoxville, 
Kentuck\',  at  the  I'niversity  Institute;  he  took 
]>art  ill  the  Concord  School  of  Philosoi)]iy  and 
19 


KkANK    I.Ol'IS   .SOI. DAN. 


deli\ered  a  lecture  on  "  Goethe  and  Spinga," 
which  was  much  ai')preciated,  and  at  the  time 
reprinted  in  full  by  New  York  papers.  Mr. 
Soldan  has  also  delivered  cour.ses  of  lectures  to 
large  classes  of  ladies  and  gentlenreu.  The 
pa])ers  which  he  presented  from  time  to  time 
before  the  National  Association  of  Educators 
alwa\s  found  a  circle  of  attentive  listeners  and 
readers,  and  in  188H,  at  one  of  the  largest  meet- 
ings ever  held,  that  at  Madi.son,  with  over  7,000 
teachers  in  attendance,  he  was  elected  president 

of    the  association. 

He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  "  Na- 
tional Council  of 
Education,"  a  bodj- 
of  fifty  men  selected 
from  the  various  sec- 
tions of  the  country 
as  representatives  of 
the  National  Educa- 
tional Association 
since  the  establish- 
ment of  that  body, 
and  has  contributed 
many  papers  in  the 
discussions  of  that 
body.  In  LSSO  he 
received  a  call  from 
.South  Carolina  to 
organize  the  first 
Normal  Institute  for 
teachers  held  in  that 
State,  and  the  suc- 
cess of  this  enter- 
l)rise  was  an  im])ortaut  factor  in  the  educational 
re\i\al  which  Hugh  S.  'riiompson,  later  gov- 
ernor of  the  State,  Prof.  E.  S.  Joynes  and  their 
a.ssociates  brought  about,  and  which  led  to  the 
re-establishment  of  tlie  time-honored  I'niversity 
of  South  Carolina,  and  to  renewed  educational 
activity  and  enthusiasm  throughout  the  State. 
At  the  first  commcncemeut  exercises  of  the  re- 
establi.shed  .South  Carolina  I'liiversity,  it  hon- 
ored Mr.  .Soldan  bv  conferring  upon  him  the 
dcgrie  <)f   LI..  I). 

In   addition   to   his  ])rofessional  activity  Mr, 


2".  Ml 


oi.n  .\\n  xiAV  s r.  /jw/s. 


vSoldaii  lias  iloiif  a  ijreat  deal  ul  lilc-iaiv  work. 
A  liUle  hook,  "Grul)e's  Method,"  wliicli  he 
wrote  in  l-'^TO  on  a  new  method  of  teaching 
arillmielic,  was  read  and  stndied  everywliere, 
and  led  to  a  change  in  the  method  of  teaching 
this  subject  in  almost  every  State.  He  cdutrib- 
uted  to  the  U'lstcni  and  the  Journal  of  Spccii- 
latirc  Philosophy.  Among  the  articles  in  the 
Western  we  may  mention  :  "  Law  and  Cau.se, "' 
"Goethe's  Suleika,"  "Culture  aud  Facts"  and 
"Landmarks  in   Kducatiou." 

R()\vi-:i.i,,  Clinton. — The  city  of  .St.  I/iuis 
owes,  to  a  very  large  degree,  its  rapid  advance- 
ment in  the  last  quarter  of  a  century  to  an 
infusit)n  of  New  England  blood,  aud  the  bar  of 
St.  Louis  has  reached  its  present  high  position 
largeK'  1)\-  the  accession  to  its  ranks  of  Xew 
Ivugland  men.  Among  the  New  Kuglaudcrs 
who  have  added  luster  to  the  bar,  Clinton 
Rowell  deserves  a  first  place.  Like  all  men  who 
have  impressed  themselves  upon  the  world,  ^Ir. 
Rowell  owes  his  success  to  two  things  :  abilitv 
and  euN'irouuient.  He  is  the  sou  of  (tu\-  C. 
and  Clarissa  (Rankin)  Rowell,  and  was  born 
on  November  12,  ISo.s^  at  Concord,  Essex  count}-, 
Wrmont.  The  Rowell  family  is  well  known  in 
New  England,  and  his  mother's  family,  Rankin, 
can  be  traced  through  man\-  honorable  genera- 
tions. 

His  early  life  was  lliat  of  the  New  England 
boys  of  his  time,  when  the  first  lesson  tauglit 
was  that  of  self-denying  application.  The  New 
England  idea  was  that  life  is  a  scene  of  action; 
that  ever\'  man  should  strive  for  success  and 
that  success  should  ])e  tlie  fruit  of  legitimate 
toil.  Although  born  in  the  Green  Mountain 
vState,  Mr.  Rowell  was  really  reared  in  Xew 
Hampshire.  His  boyhood  was  spent  on  the 
farm  and  at  the  common  schools.  Later  on  he 
acquired  the  advantages  to  be  given  b\-  the 
academies,  and  finally  completed  his  education 
at  Dartmouth. 

Satisfied  that  the  growing  West  was  tlie  arena 
for  a  young  man,  he  proceeded  directly  from  col- 
lege to  Blooniiugton,  Illinois,  and  became  there 
a  law  .student  in  the  office  of  Tipton  &  Benja- 


niiu.  Ik-  cauK'loSl.  Lmiis  in  IStit;.  SlmrlK- 
after  his  arri\-al  in  St.  Lcmis,  he  fornu-d  a  part- 
nership with  Daniel  D.  Fisher.  Tliis  partner- 
ship continued  under  the  name  of  Fisher  & 
Rowelluutil  January,  L'^''^!',  when  .Mr.  Fishertook 
his  ])lace  upon  the  Circuit  bench.  .\l  llu-  lime 
of  dissolution  this  was  the  oldest  legal  firm  in 
the  city  of  St.  Louis.  Immediately  following 
the  dissolution  .Mr.  Rowell  entered  into  a  part- 
nership with  Mr.  Franklin  Ferriss,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Rowell  ^S:  Ferriss,  and  this  latter 
firm  still  continues. 

In  1S(>()  St.  Louis  was  entering  upon  a  new 
era.  It  was  an  era  of  progress.  The  young 
firm  of  Fisher  &  Rowell  plunged  into  the  cur- 
rent. There  was  much  business  to  be  done,  aud 
the  firm  got  its  share.  These  were  the  days  of 
hard  fighting  in  court.  New  questions  of  law 
had  to  be  settled.  Many  of  the  great  f(jrensic 
law\-ers  who  ha\-e  made  the  St.  Louis  l)_ar  fa- 
mous were  still  active  in  the  field.  Now  con- 
tests are  largelv  settled  in  lawyers'  offices  by 
concession  or  compromise.  Then  they  were 
fought  to  a  finish  liefore  court  and  jury;  no  quar- 
ter was  asked  or  given. 

Mr.  Rowell  develo]x-d  rapidly  under  these 
conditions.  His  reimlatiou  has  grown  steadiK- 
from  the  start.  His  practice  has  grown  in  pro- 
portion, until  his  firm's  clientage  has  become 
both  extensive  aud  lucrative,  and  it  now  stands 
among  the  leading  professional  firms  in  the 
country.  Mr.  Rowell  was  attorney  for  the  late 
millionaire,  Henry  Shaw,  and  is  still  the  legal 
ad\-iser  of  the  executor.  He  was  also  attorney 
for  Dr.  McLean,  the  proprietary  medicine  manu- 
facturer and  iu\-entor.  He  has  handled  the  in- 
volved and  complex  details  of  the.se  vast  estates 
to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  his  clients,  and  in  a 
manner  to  win  the  admiration  of  his  professional 
brethren.  He  has  also  been  connected  with 
luauv  of  the  most  important  railway  condemna- 
tion suits,  aud  is  recognized  authorits  mi  this 
branch  of  the  law. 

Mr.  Rowell  in  a  marked  degree  rejjresents  the 
highest  tvpe  of  the  profession.  He  has  all  the 
natural  gifts  of  the  great  orator:  a  comnuind- 
iug  presence,  a  massive  head,  bearing  a  striking 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPLNPIX. 


'1\)\ 


reseinblaiice  to  Webster,  imjircssive  tjrav  eves, 
a  ringiiiir^  sonorous  voice,  and  a  never-failing 
command  of  choice  English.  To  these  qualities 
he  adds  a  fervor  and  intensity  of  thought  and 
feeling  wliicli  are  fundatneutal  in  his  natuie. 
These  ciualities  uiake  him  a  great  advocate,  and, 
whether  presenting  questions  of  fact  to  the  jurv 
or  of  law  to  the  court,  and  especially  when 
roused  by  a  sense  of  danger  to  his  client's  inter- 
ests, he  becomes  an  antagonist  of  matchless 
])ower  and  eloquence. 

The  law\er  of  to-day  finds  his  'greatest  use- 
fulness in  the  office  and  cousultation  room, 
where  the  history  of  iuii)ortaut  transactions  is 
writlen,  where  imjiortaut  differences  are  adjirsted. 
Not  ordinarily  does  the  successful  advocate,  and 
trial  law>er  also,  possess  the  qualities  of  the 
sagacious,  prudent  counselor.  Mr.  Rowell  coiu- 
biues  both.  He  is  a  man  on  whom  uieu  instiuct- 
i\el\'  lean.  He  knows  tlie  law  in  a  practical 
sense. 

He  is  ])re-emincntly  ([ualified  to  handle  an 
important  business  disagreement  or  complica- 
tion. Through  his]5rofouud  knowledge  of  legal 
principles  and  his  characteristic  grasp  of  business 
facts,  he  is  able  to  determine  the  relative  legal 
rights  of  parties  to  a  controversy  with  great 
pr(.)ui])tness  and  accuracy.  He  does  not  hesitate 
to  tell  his  client  to  modify  or  yield  his  demands, 
if  justice  rccjuirrs;  but  when  assured  that  liis 
cause  is  just,  he  will  ])ress  the  rights  of  his  client 
with  absolute  fearlessness.  P>\'  the  exercise  of 
cousuunuate  skill  and  jjcrfect  candor  he  rareh- 
fails  to  win  the  confidence  of  his  antagonist  and 
obtain  substantial  justice  and  an  adjustiuent 
satisfactory  to  all  interested. 

When  necessary  to  ])rolect  his  client's  rights 
he  docs  not  hesitate  to  enter  the  forum  estab- 
lished for  the  settlement  of  legal  controversies. 
Ik-  is  unceasing  in  his  vigilance  in  prejJaring 
his  cases  for  trial.  With  dauntless  courage, 
with  infinite  care  and  patience,  he  fights  out 
every  contest  tt>theend,  and  his  sjilendid  pt)wers 
of  advocacy  rarely  suffer  defeat. 

Mr.  Kiiwell  has  achieved  success  solely  b\-  the 
Ugiliuiale  jiractice  <if  his  professitui.  His  large 
followiuir    is    due    entirelv    to    his  abilitv    as  a 


lawyer  and  his  integrit\-  as  a  man.  These  quali- 
ties lia\e  won  him  as  well  the  esteem  of  his 
professional  brethren. 

Politically,  Mr.  Rowell  is  an  ardent  Democrat; 
a  \-ahiable  and  influential  member  of  his  party, 
and  has  done  it  waluable  service.  .-Mthough  a 
popular  man  he  has  steadfastly  refused  all  solici- 
tations to  hold  office.  He  prefers  the  steady 
work  of  his  profession  and  the  indcjK-ndence  of 
pri\-ate  life. 

.Socially,  he  is  a  man  of  broad  sympathies, 
well  read  and  thoroughh-  intelligent  on  all 
current  questions,  and  is  a  man  of  decided  con- 
\ictions  and  opinions.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Congregational  Church,  and  a  strong  supporter 
of  its  faith  and  purjxises. 

Mr.  Rowell  is  a  meuiber  of  the  St.  Ivouis  and 
Mercantile  clubs,  and  a  prominent  meuiber  of 
the  Merchants'  Exchange.  He  was  one  of  its 
delegates  to  the  convention  held  in  Washington 
in  Septeuiber,  I-SJIH,  to  urge  the  repeal  of  the 
SiKer  Purchasing  Act,  and  he  made  the  most 
effective  speech  in  that  conxention.  It  was 
published  by  some  of  the  delegates  and  exten- 
siveh-  circulated. 

He  eujo\s  with  his  charming  fauiih'  the  com- 
ft)rts  of  a  handsoiue  home  near  F'orest  Park.  He 
luarried  in  li^fJis  Mi.ss  Carrie  M.  Ferriss,  daughter 
of  Charles  Ferriss,  a  prominent  resident  of 
Clinton  couut\-.  New  \'ork,  and  a  sister  of  liis 
present  law  ])arlner.  They  ha\e  two  children, 
named  (irace  and  Carlton. 

Fkrriss,  F'k.-vnkijn. — One  of  the  most  grati- 
fying signs  of  the  times,  in  St.  Louis,  is  the 
increasing  willingness  of  men  of  high  standing 
in  the  counuunit\'  to  devote  their  time  and 
attention  to  municipal  matters.  .Vmong  those 
who  ha\e  thus  exhibited  a  spirit  of  loyalt>-  and 
dex'otion  to  the  city,  Mr.  F'ranklin  F'erriss  is 
prominent,  lu  the  springof  lf<!iH  he  con.sented, 
at  consideral)le  personal  sacrifice,  to  l)ecome  a 
candidate  for  a  seat  in  the  City  Council.  His 
election  followed,  as  a  matter  of  course,  and  his 
colleagues  jirompth-  elected  him  vice-president. 
When  called  upon  to  preside,  lie  displays  con- 
spicuous ability  in  the  chair,  is  at  once  firm  and 


202 


ill  n  Axn  xi-.w  ST.  i.oris. 


impartial,  and  seasons  liis  niliiit;s  with  a  liberal 
supply  of  good  sense.  As  a  lej^islator  he  is 
earnest  and  careful,  and  is  as  zealous  in  his 
nuinicipal  duties  as  in  his  private  and  profes- 
sional affairs. 

Mr.  Ferriss  is  not  yet  forty-five  years  of  ai^e. 
He  is  the  son  of  Charles  and  Mercy  (Maconiber) 
Ferriss,  and  was  horn  in  Clinton  county.  New 
York,  September  22,  lS4i).  He  received  the 
priniar\-  elements  of  his  education  at  the  com- 
mon schools,  and  entered  Cornell  University 
when  about  eighteen  or  nineteen  years  old,  and 
graduated  from  that  renowned  seat  of  learn- 
ing in  the  class  of  I'SyH.  Like  many  other 
young  men  l)efore  him,  his  graduation  uieant  to 
him  the  severing  of  home  ties  and  the  starting- 
out  into  the  world  to  win  his  own  fortune.  He 
selected  St.  Louis  as  the  scene  of  his  future 
efforts,  coming  here  in  the  same  \ear  he  left 
the  universit) . 

Ha\ing  determined  to  ad()])l  tlie  law  as  his 
profession,  he  entered  the  St.  Louis  Law  School 
soon  after  he  reached  the  city,  graduating  from 
the  school,  whicli  has  educated  so  man\-  bril- 
liant men  for  the  bar,  in  1S7.').  He  commenced 
practice  alone  after  being  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  so  continued  until  the  dissolution  of  the  firm 
of  Fisher  ^  Rowell,  caused  by  the  election  of 
Judge  l-'isher  to  the  bench,  when  he  became  the 
partner  of  the  last  named  gentleman,  and  is  still 
such,  the  style  of  the  firm  being  Rowell  6c 
Ferriss. 

Like  his  partner,  Mr.  Rowell,  iMr.  Ferriss 
devotes  his  whole  attention  to  the  practice  of 
commercial  and  corporation  law,  making  of  this 
civil  practice  a  specialty,  taking  no  criminal 
cases  whatever.  Mr.  Ferriss,  although,  as  men- 
tioned above,  he  is  but  just  entering  the  prime 
of  life,  is  considered  a  lawyer  of  exceptional 
learning  and  possessed  of  a  power  of  analysis  in 
a  profound  degree.  He  certainly  understands 
thoroughly  the  branch  of  law  he  has  adopted, 
and  since  he  has  ])een  before  the  courts  has  been 
considered  one  of  the  most  successful  lawvers  of 
the  St.  Louis  bar. 

Among  other  practice  he  did  nearlv  all  the 
law  business  connected  with  customs  necessitated 


by  the  McKiidey  liill,  acting  in  the  capacity  of 
attornev  for  C.  H.  W'yman  &  Compan\-,  custom 
brokers.  He  represented  man\-  of  the  defendants 
in  the  noted  railway  condemnation  suits,  securing 
verdicts  for  his  clients  in  almost  e\er\-  instance. 
His  name  is  connected  as  a  winner  with  many 
of  the  ci\il  suits  that  ha\-e  been  tried  in  St. 
Ivouis  courts  in  recent  \ears.  Aside  from  his 
law  business  he  is  interested  in  se\-eral  business 
companies. 

.Mr.  Ferriss  married  Miss  Filizabeth  H.,  the 
daughter  of  H.  T.  Simon,  of  Simon,  (rregory 
iS:  Compan\',  of  St.  Louis.  They  ha\e  three 
children,  Henry  T.,  Margery  and  Hugh,  and 
live  in  a  handsome  Imme  at  .">S2.S  Cabaune 
place. 

Klkix,  Jaco]!,  sou  of  John  M.  and  Caroline 
((ruth  )  Klein,  was  born  at  Hechtscheiin,  Hesse- 
Darmstadt,  now  a  portion  of  Prussia,  on  vSc])- 
tember  1,  isi.'i,  hut  his  parents  emigrating  to 
America  when  he  was  quite  a  child,  nearly  the 
whole  of  his  life  has  been  spent  in  this  country. 
The  family  lauded  at  New  Orleans  in  1N.")1,  and 
settled  in  St.  t^ouis  in  1S,")2. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in  the 
]niblic  scluiols  of  St.  Louis,  and,  entering 
heartih  into  his  studies  and  taking  ad\'antage 
of  every  o]i])t)rtunit\-  to  acquire  knowledge,  he 
uiade  rapid  jjrogress,  and  left  school  thorougliK' 
prepared  to  acquire  an  insight  into  the  techni- 
calities of  the  profession  of  which  lie  has  since 
become  so  distinguished  a  mend)er.  He  read 
law  for  about  eighteen  months  with  Mr.  Sey- 
mour Voullaire,  and  subsequently  with  the  Hon. 
Samuel  Knox,  member  of  Congress,  and  Judge 
Irwin  Z.  Smith.  In  the  year  lS(i(t  he  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  and  at  once  commenced 
practice  in  this  cit\'. 

Had  Mr.  Klein  been  content  with  the  prospect 
of  an  ordinary  career,  he  would  have  continued 
practicing,  especially  as  his  ability  and  courtesy, 
aided  bv  the  sound  legal  training  he  had 
received,  1)rought  him  clients  from  the  first. 
P>ut  the  same  determination  and  laudable  ambi- 
tion which  has  actuated  his  uu)re  recent  career 
were  uppermost  with   him   at  this  early   stage, 


ni(  n,R.  iriiK :  //,  ,i /•/'/■:. \7>/x. 


293 


ami  after  a1)()ul  a  year's  jiracticc  lie  weiU  to  the 
Ilarsard  Law  Scliocil  to  eoniplete  his  lej^al  edu- 
cation. He  took  a  full  course  and  graduated 
with  the  class  of  1^71,  securing  the  degree  of 
LK.15. 

ivelnrning  to  St.  Louis,  Judge  Klein  re-com- 
nieuced  practice  here,  and  continued  for  nine 
years  witliout  a  partner.  He  was  pronijitly 
recognized  as  an  able  lawyer,  and  the  successful 
manner  in  which  he  handled  cases  entrusted  to 
his  care  .soon  made  him  popular  and  led  to  a 
rapid  increase  in  the 
number  of  his  cli- 
ents. In  the  year 
ISSl  the  jiartnershi]) 
firm  of  Klein  X:  Imssc 
was  formeiL  ^Ii'- 
Klein's  ]Kirtner  l)e- 
ing  Mr.  W.  K.  Insse, 
now  a  UR-niher  of 
the  Scliool  Board 
and  a  very  success- 
ful attorncN',  and 
who  had  read  law 
in  the  office  ])rior  to 
ac(|uiring  an  interest 
in  it.  The  partner- 
shi])  was  both  pleas- 
ant and  prosjierous, 
and  contiinied  until 
jauuar\  ,  l.ss;i,  when 
the  senior  member 
retired  from  ])ractice 
and  took  his  seat  on 
the  Circuit  Court 
bench,  and    .Mr.  l-'isse  continued   ])ractice  alone. 

Judge  Klein's  career  at  the  bar  was  a  vcr\' 
snccesslnl  and  honorable  one,  and  hv  built  u]) 
tor  himself  and  liis  tirm  a  \i-r\  large  and  lucra- 
li\e  practici-.  He  had  charge  of  a  number  of 
cases  of  great  importanci',  in\oKing  large  sums 
of  mont.\  ,  and  the  \\a\  lu-  protected  the  inter- 
ests of  his  clients  earned  him  a  well-merited 
repntatit)n  as  a  lawxer.  In  llie  \ear  ISSS  Ju- 
was  elected  a  Circuit  Court  judge,  takiu;.;  his 
seat  the  following  January.  He  is  now  pre- 
siding   judge     of    the    court    and    sits    in    court 


JACOB     KL[£IN. 


room  Xo.  1.  I  lis  ability  as  a  law\er  and  his 
firnniess  and  impartiality  ha\e,  during  the  last 
three  years,  been  very  marked,  and  both  the 
legal  profession  and  the  public  have  learned  to 
regard  him  as  an  able  and  just  judge. 

.\n  unusnalh'  large  number  of  cases  in\-ol\-ing 
difficult  legal  jioints  ha\e  come  before  his  court, 
but  he  has  been  fully  equal  to  the  occasion,  and 
his  decisions  in  these  have  been  almost  invari- 
ably upheld  on  appeal.  Pnjniinent  among 
these    was    the    case   of    the    State   of    Missouri 

against  Schweick- 
hardt,  in  which  tlie 
right  of  vSt.  I^onis  to 
control  the  sale  of 
refreshments  in  For- 
est Park  was  chal- 
1  e  n  ged.  Judge 
Klein's  ruling  ex- 
cited general  admi- 
ration ant]  was  af- 
firmed on  appeal. 

In  politics  the 
judge  has  always 
been  a  consistent 
and  actixe  Repub- 
lican. He  led  one  or 
two  forlorn  hojjes 
for  his  partv  at  a 
time  when  the  Dem- 
ocrats were  carrying 
all  elections  in  the 
city,  and  when,  in 
ISSS,  lu'  was  nomi- 
nated for  a  judge- 
ship in  the  Circuit  Court,  he  ran  far  ahead  of 
his  ticket,  jiolling  a  larger  number  of  votes  than 
had  cN'ir  been  cast  for  a  candidate  for  a  simil.ir 
office.  .\i)art  from  ]>olitics,  the  Judge  lakes  an 
acli\e  interest  in  e\crything  calculated  to  bene- 
I'll  .St.  Louis,  and  is  looked  uiH>n  as  a  public- 
spirited,  acti\e  and  accom]ilislieii  citizen. 

He  was  married  .\])ril  17,  1S7;>,  to  .Miss 
Lilly  Schrciber;  four  children  have  blessed  the 
union,  and  the  famiK  ha\e  always  lived  in 
the  South  Side,  wiiere  the\-  ha\e  a  large  circle 
of  friends  and  ac(|uaintances. 


•.>94 


(11.1  >  AND  N]-:\\'  ST.  [.oris. 


McKkii.iian,  John  !•'.,  was  l)oni  on  a  farm 
near  the  town  of  I'"aiiniii.t;ton,  ImiUoii  coiuit>  , 
Illinois, Jnly  20,  IStl.  His  pai  tuts  were  Roherl 
and  IClIeii  (Tmile)  MeKeis^han.  His  I'atlier 
was  a  prominent  fanner  of  Fnlton  county,  ami 
<i;ave  his  son  lietter  opportunities  for  acquiring; 
an  education  than  most  farmers'  sons  have 
afforded  them. 

John  K.  attended  the  district  schools  of  his 
native  county,  after  which  he  entered  Knox 
Collejje  at  Galesburo;,  Illinois,  where  he  pre- 
pared himself  thoroujjliK'  for  a  university  course, 
which  he  afterwards  took  at  Ann  Arlior,  Michi- 
gan, fjraduating  from  that  instituliiHi  in  June, 
1S()(!.  He  then  read  law  in  the  office  of  Martin 
Shellenberijer,  of  Toulon,  vStark  ct)uutv,  Illinois, 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Ottawa,  in  May, 
18(i7. 

After  his  admission  to  the  bar,  he  came  to 
Missouri  and  settled  at  Bolivar,  Polk  county. 
After  ])racticin<.j  law  in  that  place  for  a  few 
months,  he  moved  to  Ba.xter  .Sprintjs,  Kansas, 
and  t)])eued  a  law  office  there  in  March,  ISliS. 
From  there  he  went  to  Kort  Scott,  Kansas,  in 
March,  1H71,  and  fonned  a  law  partnership  with 
H.  C.  McComas,  under  the  firm  name  of 
McComas  &:  McKeio;hau.  In  1H7I)  Mr.  McKeig- 
han  and  his  partner  both  decided  to  remove  to 
.St.  Louis,  and  the  partnership  was  continued 
until  If^'Sl,  when  Mr.  McComas  moved  to  New 
Mexico,  settliu.u;  at  Silver  City,  where  he  and 
his  wife  were  murdered  by  the  Indians  in  I.SS2. 

Mr.  McKeighan  then  fonned  a  partnership 
with  Silas  B.  Jones  ( ;\IcKeighau  &  Jones  )  which 
la.sted  until  January  1,  ISS.').  He  next  formed 
a  partnership  with  Judges  \V.  C.  Bo\le  and 
Elmer  B.  Adams,  under  the  firm  name  of  Bovle, 
Adams  (Jt  McKeighan,  which  was  dissolved 
January  1,  1892,  and  the  firm  of  Lee,  McKeig- 
han,  Ellis  &  Priest  was  formed. 

No  lawyer,  anywhere,  applies  himself  more 
assiduously  to  his  profession  than  does  Mr. 
McKeighan.  Having  mastered  the  basic  prin- 
ciple of  his  profession,  he  finds  no  difficulty  in 
applying  those  principles  to  the  solution  of  the 
most  knotty  and  intricate  legal  questions.  His 
mind  is  naturally  of  a  strong,  judicial  cast,  and 


it  has  been  matured  b%-  \ears  of  patient  sliul\- 
and  research,  and  discij)liued  b\-  an  acti\'e  jM'ac- 
tice  running  through  more  than  twenty    years. 

Ilis  jiractice  is  exclusiveh"  in  the  ci\il  courts 
and  com])rises  all  branches  of  the  civil  law.  He 
has  gi\eu  much  attention  to  the  constitutional 
and  cor])oratiou  law,  being  frequentlv  emploved 
as  s]iecial  cmiusel  b\  banking  and  railwav 
corporations.  He  has  also  rendered  in\alnable 
assistance  to  the  Autumnal  Festiv'ities  Associa- 
tion, the  Citizens'  .Smoke  Al)alemeut  Associa- 
tion and  other  mo\ements  of  a  public  character. 

Mr.  McKeighan  was  married  Noxcmber  2, 
b'^t;:*,  to  Miss  Helen  M.  Cutler,  daughter  of 
Thomas  C.  and  Luc\-  (CuKer)  Cutler,  of  Kala- 
uui/.oo,  Michigan.  Airs.  McKeighan  died  a  few 
\ears  ago  after  ha\'ing  four  children — Luc\-, 
Robert,  Mabel  and  l\lleu,  of  whom  the  last  three 
are  living. 

PuiK.ST,  Hkxkv  .SAMri'.i.,  general  attorney 
for  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railwav,  was  born  in 
Ralls  count)-,  Missouri,  February  7,  l.s.');>.  His 
parents  were  Thomas  J.  and  Amelia  E.  (  Brown  ) 
Priest.  His  father  was  a  native  of  \'irginia. 
His  mother  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  was 
connected  with  the  distinguished  Houston  family, 
of  which  (jeueral  .Samuel  Houston,  of  Te.xas, 
was  a  meml)er.  He  received  his  etlucation  in 
Westminster  College,  Fulton,  .Missouri,  graduat- 
ing in  the  class  of  1<S7:^.  He  then  went  to 
Tay]or\ille,  Kentucky,  and  began  the  study  of 
law  in  the  office  of  Major  Mark  E.  Houston. 
He  completed  his  course  of  legal  studies  at  Han- 
nibal, Missouri,  under  the  direction  of  Judge 
James  Carr,  who  was  at  that  time  general 
attorne)-  for  the  Hannibal  X;  .St.  Josejdi  Rail- 
road Company. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  by  Judge  John  T. 
Redd,  at  Hannil>al,  in  the  spring  of  bS7;;,  and 
located  at  Moberly,  Missouri,  where  he  entered 
on  the  practice  of  law.  He  was  shortly  after- 
wards elected  cit\'  attt)rney,  and  continued  to 
practice  his  profession  there  for  eight  years, 
when  he  was  tendered  the  position  of  assistant 
attorney  for  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  Com- 
pan\   b\- Judge  Thomas  J.  Portis,  then  the  gen- 


I? 


^^5^^^>^^^ 


nioc.R. irincAL  .irri-:xnr.\ 


295 


oral  allonieN'  for  tliat  conipam-,  wliicli  In- 
acct-pU-d,  and  came  to  vSt.  I^ouis  in  ( )ctol)er, 
1>!'SI.  He  renuiiiied  with  tlie  Missouri  Pacific 
until  December  1,  l-SISH,  when  the  appointment 
of  attornc\-  for  tlic  Wabasli,  vSt.  I/>uis  X:  Pacific 
Railwa\'  Company  (now  the  Wabasli  Railroad 
Company )  was  tendered  him.  He  accepted  the 
appointment,  and  held  that  position  until  Decem- 
l)er  1,  I.SIM),  when  lie  was  appointed  general 
atlonie\-  for  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad  Com- 
])an\-,  which  position  he  still  holds. 

P'rom  the  da)-  .Mr.  Priest  was  admittetl  to  the 
bar  until  the  ])resent,  his  rise  in  the  legal  pro- 
fession has  been  rapid  and  continuous,  and  he 
stands  to-day  second  to  no  lawyer  in  the  State 
ill  his  general  knowledge  of  the  science  of  juris- 
prudence, and  especially  of  the  law  pertaining 
to  railroad  corporations,  which  has  grown  to  be 
a  niosl  iinporl.int  brancli  of  the  cixil  law  in  the 
Ihiited  States.  It  may  be  said  of  him  that  he 
is  "a  born  law\er"'  and  possesses  to  a  remark- 
able degree  that  intuitive  faculty  that  enables 
him  to  inslantU'  grasp  and  coiiijjrelieiid  the 
most  intricate  and  abstruse  legal  ])ro])ositioiis, 
and  make  them  simple  and  clear  to  the  court 
and  jury.  He  is  frank  and  straightforward  in 
his  jjresentation  of  a  case,  and  while  he  has 
been  too  busy  to  study  and  cultivate  the  graces 
of  oratory,  he  is  a  ])leasaut,  strong,  forcible 
speaker,  enforcing  coiu'iction  on  his  hearers  b\- 
liis  earnestness  and  evident  reliance  in  the 
justice  and  strength  of  his  cause. 

In  politics  .Mr.  Priest  is  a  Democrat,  and 
aIllioiU:;h  he  has  iie\'er  had  political  as])iratious, 
nor  uiingled  in  the  politics  of  the  .State,  few 
men  in  private  or  ]irofessi()nal  life  wield  as  great 
an  iiillueiux-  in  the  councils  of  his  part\-,  and 
wen-  111-  to  give  his  attention  to  the  details  of 
partx  inanagement  he  would  soon  be  a  leader 
not  onl\   in  .State,  but  in  national  ]>o]itics. 

.Mr.  Priest  is  president  of  tlu-  Missouri  .State 
liar  .\ssociation,  and  a  member  of  the  law  firm 
of  l,ee,  McKeighan,  Priest  .S:  I^llis,  which  was 
formed  januarv    1 ,   1  ■S'.'ii. 

Mr.  Priest  was  married  Xo\-cmber  1',  1S7(),  to 
Miss  Henrietta  Parsell,  of  Webster  (iroxes, 
•St.  Louis  count\  ,  whose  jiarents  were  Cieorge  W. 


Parsell,  ol  ,St.  Louis,  and  p;iizabeth  (  Wright ) 
Parsell,  of  Portland,  Maine.  They  have  four 
children  —  Cieorge  T.,  (trace  Pv.,  Jeannette  B. 
and  Wells  Blodgett. 

Lkk,  Br.\I)I,KV  D.,  son  of  Henry  B.  and  ^lary 
(Austin)  Lee,  was  born  March  24,  l?^i3)S,  in 
Litchfield  county,  Connecticut,  and  was  educated 
in  the  common  schools  of  his  native  count\', 
and  at  Williston  Seminary,  Kast  Hampton, 
Massachusetts.  He  then  became  a  student  at 
law  in  the  office  of  Hon.  Hiram  (ioodwin,  of 
Riverton,  Litchfield  count\'.  He  read  law  for 
two  years,  and  then  entered  the  army  as  first 
lieutenant  in  the  Nineteenth  Regiment  Con- 
necticut \'olunteer  Infantr\-,  in  Se])tember, 
l<S(i2.  He  was  assigned  to  the  general  staff 
service  in  the  United  .States  \'olunteer  armv, 
by  President  Lincoln  with  the  rank  of  caj^tain. 
He  served  in  the  army  of  the  Potomac  until  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  upon  being  mustered  out 
of  the  service,  was  brevetted  major  for  meritori- 
ous conduct. 

Returning  home  he  entered  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Yale  College,  graduating  in  the  class  of 
I'SiW),  with  the  degree  of  bachelor  of  laws. 
Soon  after  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  and  formed  a 
l)artnersliip,  for  the  practice  of  law,  with  Dan- 
iel T.  Potter  (  Potter  ^S:  Lee).  This  i)artnership 
was  dissolved  after  one  vear,  and  he  associated 
him.self  with  B.  F.  Webster  (  Lee  X:  Webster), 
for  three  years,  after  which  he  was  alcnie  for 
two  vears.  In  1<S72  he  entered  into  a  co-part- 
nershi])  with  I'.hiier  P>.  .\dams,  which  continued 
until  I'STS,  when  .Mr.  .\danis  was  elected  one  of 
the  judges  of  the  .St.  Louis  Circuit  Cmirt.  Mr. 
Lee  and  ilon.  Jetf.  Chandler  then  formed  a  i)art- 
nership  (  Lee  Xi  Chandler),  which  lasted  until 
Mr.  Chandler  removed  to  Washington  Citv,  in 
ISSP  when  .Mr.  Lee,  Col.  I).  P.  I  )\  er  and  John 
P.  Lllis  associated  tliemselves  under  the  firm 
name  of  Dyer,  Lee  X:  IvUis.  In  ls.S!i  ijiis  firm 
was  dissohed,  and  the  firm  of  Lee  X;  Lllis  was 
eslablished,  and  coiitiiiue<l  until  Jannarv  1 ,  l.S!li>, 
when  the  firm  of  Lee,  McKeighan.  I\llisX:  Priest 
\\ as  organized. 

Durinsi  the  more  than   tweiilv-five  vears  that 


■_'".i(; 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


lie  lias  practiced  law  in  this  cil\ ,  .Mr.  Lcc  lias 
established  an  eiiduriii.y;  rci>iitatioii  as  a  lawyer 
of  splendid  ahility  and  j,Meat  learnin.!.;.  I'os.sess- 
in>j  a  keen,  lo_i;jical  and  aiiah  tical  mind,  and  a 
remarkable  faculty  for  makinu;  a  clear  and 
liimiiious  statement  of  his  case  before  a  court  or 
jury,  and  enforcing  his  argnnuiU  by  a  manner 
at  Duce  earnest  and  plcasincr,  it  is  not  surjjrising 
that  he  has  won  his  \\a\  to  the  front  rank  of  his 
profession,  and  is  recognized  as  a  leadins;  mem- 
ber of  the  l)ar  of  this  city,  famed  throughout 
the  country  for  the  abilit}',  worlli  and  learning 
of  its  members,  and  that  he  stands,  t()-da\-,  at 
the  head  of  one  of  the  ablest  and  strongest  law 
firms  in  the  We.st. 

Mr.  Lee  was  married  to  Miss  lielle  F.  Water- 
man, daughter  of  lion.  .\.  P.  Waterman,  of 
Beloit,  Wisconsin,  November  2;5,  I'STd.  TIrv 
have  two  children — Edwin  W.,  born  July  1, 
l.'^7."i,  and  \\'a\  ue,  born  ()ctol)er  U,   ISSO. 

As  a  lawyer  Mr.  I^ee  has  steadih'  advanced,  in 
his  career  in  St.  Louis  for  the  past  quarter  of  a 
century,  from  a  modest  beginning  to  the  front 
rank  in  his  jirofession.  No  one  who  knows  him 
will  for  one  moment  assert  that  lliis  has  not  been 
accomplished  .strictly  upon  his  merits.  He  has 
succeeded  because  he  deserved  and  won  fairly 
.success.  He  has  an  extremely  large  following 
who  believe  implicitly  in  his  advice  and  opinion, 
because  they  are  honest  and  sound.  In  that 
large  branch  of  professional  work  of  the  modern 
lawyer,  those  differences  between  parties  wliicli 
never  reach  the  courts,  Mr.  Lee  is  admirably 
qualified  and  pre-eminently  .successful.  He  l)e- 
longs  to  that  cla.ss  of  lawyers  that  are  not  afraid 
to  tell  a  client  he  is  wrong,  and  when  he  is  in 
the  right  and  in  difficulty,  work  it  out  for  him 
with  untiring  assiduity  and  consummate  skill. 

When  once  engaged  in  a  controversv  which 
must  be  settled  by  forensic  strife,  Mr.  Lee  ex- 
hibits all  the  best  attributes  of  the  trained 
lawyer.  He  mastered  this  l)ranch  of  his  pro- 
fession in  the  only  school  where  it  is  ever 
learned,  in  the  arena  where  there  are  blows  to 
take  as  well  as  blows  to  give,  and  the  weakest 
goes  down.  He  prepares  his  cases  with  the 
utmost  care  and   no    labor  is   too  great   for  the 


purpose  to  be  attained.  He  makes  himself 
familiar  with  every  detail  of  his  cause,  and  is 
not  mnuindful  of  that  of  his  adversarw  In  the 
trial  he  is  at  home,  and  at  e\ery  step  of  the  cause 
he  is  strong  and  untiring.  With  patient  activity, 
unyielding  perseverance,  and  unflinching  cour- 
age he  fights  the  forensic  contest  from  beginning 
to  end.  In  that  spirit  that  never  quails,  one  of 
the  most  essential  qualities  of  the  successful 
]n"actitioner,  Mr.  Lee  stands  among  the  foremost 
of  his  profession. 

Wliile  he  makes  no  attempt  at  polished  ora- 
tory, both  before  the  court,  and  a  jurv,  when 
fully  aroused  he  is  a  debater  of  the  strongest 
t\  pe,  and  never  fails  in  creating  a  clear  and  most 
effecti\e  impression.  He  is  what  is  well  under- 
stood in  the  profession,  as  the  first-class  "all 
round  "  lawyer,  and  stands  easily  among  the 
foremost  of  his  cotemporaries  at  the  head  of 
one  of  the  strongest  firms  in  the  country.  While 
Mr.  Lee  is  a  strong  opponent  and  uiuielding  in 
controversy,  he  is  a  genial  comiianion,  the  truest 
of  friends,  which  makes  him  deservedh-  one  of 
the  most  popular  men  among  his  comrades  at 
the  bar.  Still  in  the  ])rime  of  life,  in  the 
maturity  of  his  powers,  he  has  many  \ears  of 
his  pre-eminently  successful  career  before  him. 

G.\RESCHE,  Alexander  J.  P. — A  lawyer  wdio 
has  made  a  name  for  himself  b\'  his  brilliant 
attainments,  and  wliose  name  must  be  remem- 
bered in  histor\'  as  a  cliamjiion  of  libertx'  and 
constitutional  rights,  is  he  whose  name  heads 
this  sketch.  Just  subsequent  to  the  war  he 
endeared  himself  to  e\'erv  lover  of  libert\',  bv 
the  brilliant  and  persistent  fight  he  made  on  the 
odious  Drake  Constitution.  Refusing  to  take 
the  "test  oath"  he  was  debarred  from  practice 
during  bSlKl  and  i'^^li?,  and  largeh'  b\-  his  own 
efforts  saw  these  (kHous  laws  rej^ealed,  and  him- 
self and  others  admitted  to  citizenship  without 
ha\-iiig  to  take  the  oath. 

Since  IfSJ-/),  or  for  nearh'  a  half  centur\-,  he 
has  practiced  law  in  the  courts  of  Missouri,  and 
has  built  up  a  reputation  second  to  that  of  no 
advocate  in  the  Mississippi  walles'.  Alexander 
J.    P.    Garesche  was  born   .March    1,  is^^l,  near 


UCly 


nroGRAPifiCA /.  .ippF.xn/x. 


■29/ 


Matanzas,  Cul)a,  wlicre  his  parents  were  tem- 
porarily sojourniii.i(.  They  were  \'ital  M.  and 
Mimika  Louise  (  Hauduy  )  (iaresche,  and  hotli 
were  of  Frencli  ori_ijin,  comiufr  oriu;inally  from 
San  Doniinf^o. 

A  settlement  was  made  near  Wilminf^ton, 
Delaware,  where  Alexander  received  a  prepara- 
tory education,  his  iustrucliou  heiujj  continued 
at  (ieorj^'etowu,  1).  C.  In  bs;!!!  he  caiue  with 
his  father's  famih  to  St.  Louis,  and  in  1S4(I 
entered  St.  Louis  LTniversity,  from  wliicli  he 
finally  recei\ed  its  three  deujrees.  In  1X4:2  he 
began  the  study  of  law  in  the  ofifice  of  Col.  T. 
T.  (iantt,  and  in  1<S4.")  was  admitted  to  practice. 
.-Mthoui^h  he  has  since  then  been  a  conspicuous 
man  of  affairs,  and  by  his  bitter  fight  crushed 
the  ''test  oath"  in  lN();),he  has  been  singularly 
averse  to  holding  public  office.  He  has  been 
often  solicited  to  fill  ])nsiti(_)us  of  trust,  but  the 
city  attorucNship,  in  |S4ii-47,  is  the  ouh-  office 
he  ever  held. 

Shortly  after  he  began  practice,  or  in  1.S41I, 
he  was  married  to  Laura,  daughter  of  Thomas 
C.  \'an  Zandt,  a  member  of  one  of  the  old  New 
York  Knickerbocker  fauiilies.  Of  this  union 
nine  chihlreu  lia\e  issued,  fi\e  of  whom  are  \'et 
li\iug. 

Gareschk,  Ivdmoxd  .\.  15.,  is  a  worthy  son 
of  his  father,  fmui  uhinu  he  has  inherited  an 
aptness  for  legal  work  which  has  nu^de  him 
famous  as  a  law\er.  He  was  born  in  this  cit\' 
JuK  li,  1^.">7.  His  father,  Mr.  .\.  j.  1'.  Cares- 
che,  has  already  been  introduced  to  our  readers. 
His  mother,  formerly  Miss  Laura  C.  \'au  Zandt, 
was,  as  has  already-  been  noted,  a  member  of  a 
\-ery  old  and  noted  Knickerbocker  famil\-  of 
Xew  \'nrk. 

l{dmonilrecei\ed  his  education  at  the  St.  Jvt)uis 
University,  the  Jesuit  College,  (ieorgetown, 
I).  C,  and  at  St.  .Mary's  College,  Montreal. 
.\fter  his  return  to  his  home  in  .St.  Louis  he 
began  the  stnd\-  of  l.iw  in  IST.'i,  in  his  father's 
ollice;  ]nissed  a  successful  examination  and  was 
admitted  tn  tlu-  bar  in  Xo\-ember,  1.H77.  He 
embarked  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  with 
W.  J.  I)'.\rc\   as  an  oflice   partner.      At  the  end 


of  two  \-ears  this  arrangement  was  terminated 
by  the  removal  of  D'Arcy  to  Kansas  Cit\-, 
whereupon  Mr.  fiaresche  returned  to  his  father's 
office  for  awhile  and  then  formed  a  partnership 
with  his  brother,  William  A.,  under  the  .style  of 
Garesche  (S:  Garesche.  Within  two  years  this 
])artnersliip  was  also  dis.solved,  and  since  then 
Mr.  (xaresche  has  conducted  business  on  his 
own  account. 

Mr.  Garesche  uiarried,  in  l.S.SO,  .Miss  Kmma 
W.,  daughter  of  Williaui  H.  Jennings,  of  St. 
Louis.  The\-  ha\e  six  children — I.,aura,  Ade- 
laide, Eugene,  Henry,  ICdmond  and  Claude. 

Hi.oDOKTT,  WHI.I..S  H.,  was  born  January 
i".i,  is;')'),  at  Downer's  Grove,  DuPage  county, 
Illinois.  His  parents  were  Israel  P.  and  Avis 
(  Dodge  )  Blodgett.  Received  anelemeutary  edu- 
cation in  the  common  schools  of  his  native 
county;  spent  two  years  at  the  Illinois  I'niver- 
sit>'  at  Wheaton,  and  a  short  time  at  the  Rock 
River  Seminary  at  ]\Iount  Morris,  Illinois.  He 
then  read  law  in  the  office  of  Judd  &:  Blodgett 
at  Chicago  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the 
spring  of  LSHI.  He  was  one  of  the  first  to 
respond  to  President  Lincoln's  call  for  7.'i,(ilM) 
men  for  three  months  to  suppress  the  rebellion 
and  collect  the  re\enue,  in  April,  LStil,  enlisting 
as  a  private  in  Captain  C.  C.  Marsh's  company. 
.\t  the  expiration  of  three  months,  he  enlisted 
as  a  pri\ate  in  the  Thirty-Se\enlh  Illinois 
\"olunteer  lufantrv;  iu  ( )clober,  bsfii,  he  was 
made  lieutenant  of  compan\  I),  same  regiment. 
In  the  spring  of  1S()2  he  was  promoted  to  the 
captainc\-  of  the  same  company.  In  March, 
L'^f);{,  he  was  commissioned  by  President  Linct)ln 
as  judge  adxocate  of  the  army  of  the  P'rontier, 
with  rank  as  majt)r  ot  ca\alr\  iu  the  United 
Stales  army.  In  .Vngust,  1SI>L  he  was  commis- 
sioned lienlenaiit-colonel  of  the  Fortv-Kighth 
Regiment  .Missouri  X'olunteer  Infanlr\  ,  and 
( )clober  Isl  ol  the  same  \ear  was  commissioned 
colonel  of  the  same  regiment. 

CohuKl  Plodgett's  acli\e  niililar\-  service  be- 
gan with  the  camjiaigns  of  Cjenerals  Fremont, 
Iluntev,  Schofield  and  Heron,  in  .southern  Mis- 
.souii    .nicl    uurlhern    .\rkansas,    and    continued 


2!)8 


oi.n  Axn  xh'.w  ST.  i.oris. 


until  the  close  of  the  war,  l)eiii<;  attaclied  to  de- 
partiiieiit  headquarters  only  for  the  few  months 
he  acted  as  judge  advocate,  and  afterwards 
served  in  Tennessee  and  Alabama,  his  regiment 
being  a  part  of  the  Fourth  Division  of  the 
Twentieth  Arm\'  Corps,  commanded  by  (reneral 
Rosseau. 

When  the  war  closed  Colonel  Blodgett  settled 
at  Warrensburg,  Missouri,  and  began  the  prac- 
tice of  law.  In  18(i(>,  he  was  elected  to  repre- 
sent his  county  (Johnson)  in  the  Legislature, 
serving  in  that  capacity  for  two  sessions.  In 
IMfiH,  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  for  the 
term  of  four  years,  from  the  district  composed 
of  the  counties  of  Johnson,  Henry,  Benton  and 
St.  Clair.  As  representati\e  and  senator  he 
took  an  active  and  prominent  part  in  propos- 
ing and  advocating  measures  that  wt)ul(l  ad- 
vance the  material  interests  of  the  State,  and 
while  he  was,  and  still  is,  a  Republican  of  the 
"most  straitest  sect,"  he  was  one  of  the  first 
men  in  his  party  to  advocate  an  amendment  to 
what  was  known  as  the  Drake  Constitution, 
abolishing  the  test  oath  and  clothing  with  all 
the  rights  of  citizenship  those  thousands  of 
men  who  had  been  disfranchised  for  participa- 
tion in  the  rebellion,  and  few  men  in  his  partv 
did  as  much  to  bring  about  that  result.  His 
career  as  a  legislator  and  public  servant  proved 
that  a  man  can  be  just  and  magnanimous  to  his 
])olitical  opponents,  and  at  the  same  time  be 
loyal  to  bis  partv. 

In  the  fall  of  l«7;i.  Colonel  Blodgett  accepted 
the  po.sition  of  a.ssistant  attorney  of  the  vSt. 
Louis,  Kansas  City  &  Northern  Railway  Com- 
pany. In  June,  1S74,  he  was  appointed  gen- 
eral attorney  for  the  same  company,  taking 
entire  charge  of  all  its  legal  business,  and  con- 
tinued in  that  position  until  the  fall  of  bSTil, 
when  the  road  was  consolidated  with  the 
Wabash  system;  the  two  companies  forming  the 
corporation  known  as  the  Wabash,  St.  Louis  & 
Pacific  Railway,  with  lines  extending  in  and 
through  the  states  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois, 
Missouri  and  Iowa.  He  was  then  appointed 
general  solicitor  of  the  company,  and  put  in 
charge  of  its  entire  legal  business.      When  the 


company  failed  in  1>!X4,  and  the  road  was 
j)laced  in  the  hands  of  receivers.  Colonel  lilodg- 
ett  represented  the  receivers  in  all  their  litiga- 
tion, which  proved  to  be  the  most  complicated 
of  any  similar  litigation  in  the  court  annals  of 
this  country,  involving,  as  it  did,  llu-  most 
intricate  questions  of  corporation  law,  besides 
many  millions  of  dollars.  Ui)on  the  reorganiz- 
ation of  the  company  in  IHSlt,  Colonel  Blodgett 
was  re-elected  general  solicitor,  with  full  con- 
trol of  its  legal  department,  which  jiosilion  he 
still   holds. 

Colonel  Blodgett's  magnificent  ser\-ices  during 
the  war  ha\'e  been  recentlv  recognized,  and  hc' 
is  in  possession  of  a  medal  awarded  him  for 
exceptional  braver\ . 

Ri<;VBURN,  \'.\LLK,  son  of  Thomas  and  Juliet 
(  \'alle)  Reyburn,  was  Ixirn  in  St.  Louis,  ]\Iarch 
20,  18.5;^.  He  was  educated  at  the  St.  Louis 
I'niversit)-,  and  ha\ing  graduated  in  li^Tl 
entered  the  office  of  Sharp  6c  Broadhead,  as  a  law 
student.  He  remained  for  several  years  with 
this  firm,  and  was  with  them  at  the  time  of  the 
death  of  Mr.  vSharp  and  the  consequent  dissolu- 
tion of  the  firm. 

.Mr.  Reyburn  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  187;;, 
and  his  connection  with  Sharp  &  Broadhead 
thus  terminating,  he  practiced  alone  until  1882, 
when  he  associated  himself  with  Mr.  Samuel 
Herman,  since  deceased.  Mr.  Revburn  later 
entered  into  jKirtuershi])  with  b'rcderick  X.  Jud- 
son,  the  firm  name  being  Judson  <S:  Revburn, 
which  was  dissolved  in  Jauuar\-,  ISill.  Since 
that  period  Mr.  Reyburn  has  practiced  alone. 
He  has  a  large  connection  in  commercial  circles 
and  is  well  known  as  a  lawyer  among  the  Inisi- 
nessmenof  ,St.  Louis, and  has  achieved  distinction 
in  his  profession,  especialK'  in  the  department 
eni])racing  real  estate  interests.  He  is  popular 
in  both  business  and  social  circles,  and  is  fre- 
quently spoken  of  as  a  man  fit  for  high  judicial 
honors. 

In  June,  I'S.s;'),  Mr.  Re\-burn  married  Miss 
Marceline  Randol])li,  of  Louisiana.  He  has 
three  sons,  the  oldest  named  after  him,  and  two 
\ounger  sons,  John  and  Thomas. 


TXl^.  M 


\ 


ni( MlRAI'iriCAL  APPENDIX. 


299 


Paxso.n,  Ai.1'R1':i)  Allkx,  was  lioni  at  Wiii- 
clicslc-r,  Scott  couiit\-,  Illinois,  Deceiiil)(.-r  in, 
liSll.  He  laid  the  foundation  for  a  tlioi'nu;^li, 
classical  education  1)\-  attendinj^  the  eonmion 
schools  of  his  nati\e  count\'  until  he  was  (|uali- 
ficd  to  leach.  He  then  tau<:^ht  school  until  lie 
had  made  money  enou<^h  to  enter  coIlec);e,  which 
he  did  in  the  fall  of  l'S<i4,  enterin<i;  the  l'"resh- 
nian  Class  of  Illinois  College  at  Jacksonville. 
After  a  four  Nears'  classical  course  he  graduated 
at  the  head  of  hi.s  class  in  1>S()8,  and  then  came 
111  this  cit\'  where 
his  father  was  in 
charge  of  the  depos- 
itor\-  of  the  .\meri- 
can  Sun(la\-  .School 
rniiin. 

I  laxing  decided  to 
adopt  the  legal  [iro- 
U-  s  s  i  o  n  ,  \-  o  u  n  g 
I'a.xson  began  the 
study  of  law  while 
acting  as  clerk  and 
l)ook-kce])er  {o\  his 
lather,  reading  at 
night  and  working 
d  u  r  i  n  g  I  he  day. 
After  two  \ears  of 
study  and  attending 
tile  lectures  in  the 
law  de])artment  of 
Washington  I'liixer- 
sity,  he  graduated  in 
.Ma\  ,  1  >i7(i,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar. 
.\fter  jiracticing  law  in  this  cit\-  until  the  spring 
of  I'STo,  he  removed  to  Texas  on  acenunl  ot 
failing  health.  He  remained  there  nearly  four 
\ears,  ])ractieing  law  during  the  time.  He  did 
an  extensi\e  ])ractice,  ]irinci]iall\  in  thei-riminal 
courts.  Ik'  dis]ila\ed  such  signal  abilitx  in 
this  branch  of  the  law  that  he  was  appointed 
district  attoruex  In-  Judge  M.  H.  ISonuer,  who 
has  since  bei'U  a  mend)er  of  tin-  Su|iii-nie  Court 
ol    'l\'xas. 

While  in  Texas  Mr.  I'.ixson  was  elected  county 
superintendent      of     Public     .Schools.        Having 


ALFRED   ALLliN    PAXSON. 


regained  his  health  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  in 
Marcdi,  l'S77,  and  devoted  himself  to  the  practice 
of  law,  doing  an  extensi\-e  business,  both  in  tlie 
ci\il  and  criminal  courts,  until  .Vpril,  1891, 
when  he  was  ap])ointe(l  judge  of  the  Second 
District  Police  Court  of  this  city  by  Mayor 
Iv.  A.  Noonan,  which  jiosition  he  now  holds. 

.Mr.  Paxson  was  married  ()ctol)erls,  1871),  to 
Miss  Julia  L.  Hart,  of  vSt.  Louis,  who  was  the 
daughter  of  Harrison  IC.  Hart,  colonel  of  the 
Twenty-second  Illinois   Infantry,  and  who  died 

in  I'Sii;;  while  in  the 
ser\ice. 

While     in    Texas 

their  first-born  child, 

a    daughter    named 

Sallie,    died.       The 

V  bod\-  was  l)rought  to 

^jti  .\lton,    Illinois,   and 

lies  in  the  cemetery 
at  that  place.  They 
now  ha\e  four  chil- 
dren li\-ing — Xellie, 
Harr\',  Pr\-or  and 
Ruth. 

.Mr.    Paxson    is   a 
prominent     member 
of    tlie    Independent 
Order    of    Odd    Fel- 
lows, of  the  Supreme 
Council  of   the    Le- 
gion of  Honor,  lieing 
one  of  the  represent- 
atives   from    E.xcel- 
sior  Council,  No.  17, 
and   also  a   member    of  the    .\merican    Legion 
of   Honor.     In  riligioii   lie   is  a  Presbyterian;   in 
politics,  a   Democrat. 

.\  sketch  of  Judge  Paxson  without  a  reference 
to  his  parents,  and  to  the  life-work  of  hisdistin- 
gnished  fatlier,  would  bi-  iiicoinpiete.  Ste])hen 
Paxson.  the  father  of  Judge  Paxson,  was  born 
at  New  Lisbon,  Ohio,  .Xovemher  ;$,  1808.  His 
inotlur  was  .Sarah  (  Prxor )  Paxson,  and  was  a 
nali\eof  Tennessee.  During  tlie  last  fcnty  years 
of  his  life,  Steplien  Paxst)n  wasa  Snnday  school 
niissionar\-,  and  traveled  throngh  the  Western 


3<K) 


oi.it  Axn  xi'iw  ST.  i.oris. 


.States  ill  the  interest  of  tlie  American  Sunday 
ScliiH)!  riiioii,  and  was  known  and  beloved  1)\ 
tliousands  of  i)eo])le  tlin)nu;lu)iit  the  West  and 
Sontli.  He  died  in  tliis  city,  April  'li,  \><M , 
and  rests  in  Hellefontaine  cemetery. 

Ci.AiiiOKNi-:,  JamKS  RobkrT,  was  horn  in 
h'ranklin  county,  \'ir>;inia,  Augnst  ;">,  l.S4(). 
He  was  the  son  of  Xallianiel  H.  and  P'lizabeth 
Arclu-r  (  Uinfonl  )  Claihornc.  His  father  was  a 
representative  in  the  Congress  of  the  rnitcd 
States  from  l.H2(l  to  l.S4(). 

James  Robert  received  his  education  in  the 
coinnuin  schools  of  his  nali\e  count\'.  After 
lea\'ing  school  he  engaged  in  farming  until  the 
beginning  of  the  civil  war,  in  ISiU,  when  he 
enlisted  as  a  i)ri\ate  in  Com])any  I),  Second 
Regiment  Virginia  Cavalry,  and  took  part  with 
his  regiment  in  nearly  all  the  battles  fought  1)\ 
the  army  of  Northern  \'irginia,  and  was  sligluK- 
wounded  in  a  skirmish  on  the  Loudon  <^c  Hamj)- 
shire  Railroad.  When  the  war  ended,  he  was 
colonel  of  the  Thirty-seventh  Regiment  Vir- 
ginia Cavalry. 

He  came  to  Missouri  in  LSfiH,  and  was  licensed 
to  practice  law  by  Judge  Moodev  of  the  Circuit 
Court,  and  formed  a  partnership  with  his 
brother.  Colonel  Nathaniel  C.  Claiborne,  which 
continned  nntil  1<SX;^,  when  he  was  appointed 
pro.secuting  attorney  of  the  Criminal  Court,  on 
the  death  of  Samuel  Erskine.  He  served  in  this 
position  until  If^^!?,  when  he  was  elected  to  the 
same  office  for  the  term  of  four  years.  At  the 
end  of  this  term,  after  serving  for  eight  \-ears  as 
prosecutor,  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  Court  oi 
Criminal  Correction  on  the  Democratic  ticket, 
receiving  the  largest  majority  ever  given  any 
one  elected  to  that  office.  His  term  of  office 
will  expire  in  December,  18i)-f. 

Judge  Claiborne  was  elected  to  the  State  Sen- 
ate in  l.S7(),  and  .served  for  four  years.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  political  offices  he  has  held,  he  has 
been  chosen  president  of  the  Ex-Confederate 
Association  of  Missouri,  a  society  composed  of 
30,000  surviving  veterans  of  the  late  Confed- 
erate army,  and  al.so  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
Historical    and     Benevolent    .Association,    com- 


posed of  e.\-Confederales.  He  is  a  nuinbir  of 
the  Legion  of  Honor,  tin-  Knights  of  Ilcmor, 
llu-  Ancient  (  )rder  of  Unilcd  WmkuR-n  and  llu- 
\'alle\-  Council  of  the  Ro\al  .\rcanum. 

Dki.AXo,  Rri'TS  J.,  one  of  the  most  talented 
attorne\s  and  conspicuous  jiolitical  leaders  of 
St.  Louis,  was  bt)rn  at  I)a\ton,  ()hio,  Ma\'  JO, 
li^.""!.  He  is  the  son  of  William  J.  and  Eleanor 
(()dlin)  Delano.  His  niotlu-r  died  al  Memphis 
when  he  was  but  three  years  old,  while  his 
father  w^as,  before  the  war,  one  of  the  proprie- 
tors of  the  lice  at  New  Orleans,  where  he  died. 

.\fter  the  death  of  his  mother,  Rufns,  with 
his  brothers,  was  sent  to  .St.  Louis  relati\es, 
under  whose  care  he  grew  u]).  When  properly 
]3rei)ared  he  entered  Washington  I'nixersity, 
where  he  graduated  in  1.S72,  having  specialh' 
fitted  himself  in  ci\-il  engineering.  He  after- 
ward concluded  that  he  was  better  adapted  to 
the  law.  He  accordingly  look  a  three-years' 
course  at  the  St.  Louis  Law  School,  and,  subse- 
quent to  his  admission  to  practice  1))'  Judge 
Alex.  Hamilton,  went  to  work  for  Garland  X; 
Green  as  a  clerk. 

After  two  years  in  this  ca])acity,  he  opened  an 
office  for  practice,  and  since,  during  a  course  of 
fifteen  \-ears,  he  has  earned  both  reputation  and 
money  as  a  gifted  lawyer.  His  practice  has 
been  mosth-  civil,  and  he  has  made  a  specialty 
within  the  field  of  corporation  and  theatrical 
business.  He  is  an  influential  leader  in  the 
councils  of  the  Rei)nblican  party,  andiii  ISSS—s;), 
while  chairman  of  the  Republican  Central  Com- 
mittee, was  the  means  of  harmoni/.ing  the  fac- 
tions of  the  part\-  which  had  been  at  enmity  for 
years. 

Mr.  Delano  was  married  to  .Vngusta,  daughter 
of  .Mr.  .\ugnst  Nedderhut,  of  St.  Louis,  October 
U,  ls,S(i.  They  have  two  children,  Rufns  J., 
Jr.,  and  Eleanor. 

;\Ir.  Delano  takes  quite  a  jn'ominent  interest 
in  athletic  sports  of  a  high-toned  character,  and 
as  president  of  the  Pastime  .\thletic  Club  he 
brought  that  organization  to  the  front  and  made 
it  kin)wn  as  one  of  the  leading  athletic  clubs  of 
the  West. 


BlOCRArilli  AL  APPENDIX. 


801 


Vai.mant,  LkkoyB.,  son  of  Denton  Hurlock 
and  Narcissa  (  Kilpatrick  )  \'alliaiit,  was  born  at 
Monlton,  Alal)ama,  Jnne  14,  l.s;'„S.  lu  tlie  pa- 
ternal line  lie  is  of  the  \'alliaiit  aii<l  Ilinloek 
families  of  .Mar\'land  oris^iii.  The  first  Anieri- 
ean  ancestor  of  the  \'alliant,  or  \'aliant,  faniih' 
(  the  name  is  spelled  either  way  in  dillerent 
branches)  was  John  \'alliant,  an  luii^lishnian, 
who  came  to  the  Colonies  a  yontli  in  Hi.'iS  and 
settled  in  Caroline  county,  Maryland,  where 
nian\-  of  his  descendants  still  reside.  The 
fatlicr  of  John  \'all- 
iant  was  a  Krench- 
man,  Jean   N'aillant,  f 

who  emijjrated  from 
France  dnriny;  the 
reiijn  of  I<onis  XI\'. 
and  settled  and  mar- 
ried in  London, 
where  his  name  be- 
came anojlicized  from 
\'aillanl  tn  \'alliant. 

The  Ilnrlock  fam- 
il\-  s]irimL;;  from  Jon- 
athan Ilnrlock,  an 
Kn.ijlishnian,  w  li  o 
came  to  the  Colonies 
in  17  1(1  and  settled 
in  Marxland,  wIrtc 
man\  of  his  descend- 
ants still  reside, 
chiefh'  in  1  )orches- 
ter  connt\  and  in 
Haltimore.  In  the 
maternal      line      the 

subject  of  this   sketch  is  of   a  Tennessee  famiK  , 
Kilpatrick,  which  is  of  Scotch-Irish  oriu;in. 

Leroy  H.  \'alliant  was  educated  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Mississip]ii,  where  he  graduated  in 
lS,")i;.  Ill'  tlu-n  entered  the  Cinnlieiland  Cin- 
vcrsit\'  Law  vSchool,  at  Lebanon,  Tennessei', 
where  he  graduated  in  Ls.'iS,  and  was  admitted 
to  till.'  bar  in  Cireiiuille,  Mississijipi,  in  is.")!!. 
He  commenced  jiractice  at  fireenville,  but  the 
war  brcakiuL;;  out  soon  afterward,  he  .t;a\e  u]) 
his  profession  for  the  time-beiny;-  and  entered 
the  Confederate  arm\   as  a  lieutenant,  and  aflii- 


wards  liecame  captain  of  Company  I,  Twenty- 
second  Mississippi  Regiment,  which  regiment 
he  commanded  in  the  battle  of  Shiloh  after  all 
its  field  officers  had  been  killed  or  wounded. 
He  was  also  in  other  engagements.  After  his 
war  experience  he  returned  to  (yreenville  and 
resumed  practice,  remaining  in  that  cit\-  until 
November,  1<S74,  building  uj)  a  large  practice 
and  earning  the  res])ect  and  admiration  of  his 
fellow-citizens. 

In  the  winter  of   l^Tl-T.'i    Mr.    \'alliant  came 

to  St.  Louis,  where 
he  commenced  the 
practice  of  law.  His 
talents  attracted  gen- 
eral attention,  and 
he  soon  took  his 
])osition  in  the  first 
rank  of  the  .St.  Louis 
bar.  .\s  a  promi- 
nent Democrat  and 
a  very  able  orator, 
he  became  in  great 
fa\-or  with  his  party, 
ar.d  in  IX-SU  he  was 
nominated  for  a 
judgeship  in  the  Cir- 
cuit Court.  He  was 
elected  in  Xo\end)er 
of  that  year  and  took 
his  seat  at  the  be- 
ginning t)f  ISST' 
The  court  over 
wiiich  he  was  chosen 
to  preside  is  one  of 
the  highest  courts  of  original  jurisdiction  in 
the  State,  and  located  in  a  great  city,  the  char- 
acter of  litigation  that  has  come  before  Judge 
\'alliaut  has  ])een  ot  the  highest  importance, 
iu\(il\iug  not  only  large  ])ropertv  interests,  but 
also  cpiestions  of  State  and  nmuicijial  govern- 
meul.  In  discharging  these  arduous  and  re- 
s])ousible  (huies,  he  has  achieved  a  high  repu- 
tation and  e.xerted  great  iutlneuce  in  shaping 
the  policv  of  our  laws. 

When  his  tlrst  term  of  six   vears  was  drawing 
to  a  close,  the  I  )emocratic  cou\'entiou nominated 


I.l-ROY     IS.     VAI.I.IANT. 


302 


oi.n  Aixn  xi:w  ST.  i.oris. 


liiiii  1>\  acflaiiiatioii  for  iv-rli-ctioii.  Tlic  Si. 
lydiiis  bar,  willi  .ijrcat  uiiaiiiiiiit\-  and  regardless 
of  politics,  supjHirtcd  him,  and  at  the  general 
election  in  LSWi,  although  the  city  of  vSt.  Louis 
was  carried  by  the  Rejjublicans  on  both  State 
and  national  tickets,  Judge  \'alIiaiU  was  re- 
elected by  ."),()()()  majority.  He  is  now  serving 
his  second  term.  He  ranks  among  onr  most 
public-spirited  citizens,  and  is  always  ready  to 
respond  when  called  upon  to  assist  in  an\- 
movement  of  importance  or  jniblic  concern. 

Judge  Valliant  married  in  ( )ctt)ber,  I'Si;:^, 
Miss  Theodosia  Taylor  W'ortliington,  daughter 
of  Judge  Isaac  Worthington,  of  Washington 
county,  Mississippi,  a  soldier  of  the  war  of  l.sj:^ 
and  the  son  of  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution. 
Mrs.  \'alliant,  in  the  maternal  line,  is  of  the 
Payne  and  Taylor  families  of  Kentucky.  Judge 
and  Mrs.  Valliant  have  three  talented  sous, 
Frank  \V.,  a  graduate  of  the  .School  of  Mines 
at  Rolla,  Missouri,  and  now  in  practice  as  a 
civil  engineer;  John  W.,  recently  graduated  at 
Princeton,  and  is  now  a  member  of  the  St. 
Louis  bar;  and  Leroy  W.,  who  has  not  yet  com- 
pleted his  education  or  chosen  his  vocation. 

l!i;i.i.,  Li'.\i-;Ki-/i"r,  was  born  at  Lewistou,  New 
York,  May  '1^'\  l.So{i.  His  parents  were  Jonathan 
and  Mary  Leverett  (  Leonard  )  Pell.  He  attended 
the  common  schools  at  his  liirth-place  until  he 
was  fifteen  years,  wlicu  his  parents  moved  to 
Detroit,  Michigan,  in  PS.Jl,  where  he  went  to 
public  school  for  a  few  mouths. 

When  sixteen  years  old,  he  decided  to  become 
a  civil  engineer,  and  obtained  employment  with 
a  railroad  company  as  a  "rod-man"  and  aided 
in  making  several  railroad  surveys  through 
Michigan.  In  1855  he  came  to  Missouri  and 
entered  the  ser\-ices  of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Rail- 
road as  assistant  engineer;  was  sent  to  Rolla, 
this  State,  wdiere  he  remained  for  a  year  and 
a  half. 

He  then  returned  to  Detroit  and  read  law  in 
the  office  and  nnder  the  direction  of  Wilcox  & 
Gray.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  spring 
of  1<H.')(!,  and  then  came  to  St.  Louis,  where  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  the  same  spring  and 


entered  on  the  ])ractice  at  once.  In  j.si'ill  lie 
formed  a  partuershi])  with  Alexander  Martin, 
which  continued  until  l.S(!;5,  when  he  entered 
the  military  service  of  the  United  States,  and 
was  assigned  to  the  engineering  corps.  He 
reniaiufd  in  llie  ser\-ice  until  the  suunner  of 
li^ti.'),  anrl  then  resumed  the  i)ractice  of  law  in 
this  city.  In  LS?.")  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
William  !!.  'riicMnpsim,  which  cunlinucd  for 
two  \'ears. 

Mr.  Pell  was  appointed  city  counselor  in 
■  ■■^T."!,  which  office  he  resigned  the  following 
year.  He  was  reajipointed  in  I  ■'^77  and  held  the 
office  eontinnously  until  the  expiration  of  his 
last  term  in  May,  PSHl,  ha\ing  been  reappointed 
under  the  \arions  city  administrations  dnring  a 
period  of  fourteen  years.  .Since  retiring  from 
the  office  which  he  filled  with  distinguished 
ability,  Mr.  Pell  has  devoted  himself  to  the 
practice  of  his  profession. 

Mr.  Pell  married,  in  March,  IMli?^,  Mrs.  Lena 
Holmes  {iire  Parnard),  of  Detroit,  Michigan. 
They  have  three  children — Margaret,  Elizabeth 
and  P'ku'ence. 

Skixkkr,  Thoma.s  K.,son  of  Thomas  and 
Jane  ( Xeilson  )  Skinker,  was  Ijorn  in  St.  Louis 
county,  June  !',  l(S4r).  He  attended  private 
school  at  the  residence  of  Judge  Edward  Pates, 
and  also  Webster  College,  on  the  site  of  the 
ju'esent  Orphan  Home  at  Welister  drove.  He 
then  went  through  a  six  years'  course  at  the 
Washington  l'ni\-ersit\-,  graduating  in  the  class 
of  l.Sfi;!  with  such  jirominent  men  as  Henr\-  W. 
P^lliott,  Jno.  T.  I)a\is,  William  R.  Donaldson, 
Chester  H.  Krum,  Jno.  P.  Collier  and  Jas.  S. 
Waters.  After  leaving  the  university  he  at- 
tended the  law  school  of  \'irginia  and  studied 
law  under  John  P.  Minor. 

He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  St.  Louis 
September  2.S,  ist)7,  and  entered  into  partner- 
ship with  William  R.  Donaldson,  establishing 
the  firm  of  Donaldson  &  Skinker.  The  firm 
was  dissolved  in  1S72,  and  for  the  last  twenty 
\-ears  Vlx.  .Skinker  has  been  in  ]iractice  alone. 
He  has  proved  a  ver\'  able  and  successful  lawj'er 
and  his  record  is  a  very  interesting  one.      He  is 


liH  )(,RA rUlL  AL  A PPEXPfX. 


303 


now  a  director  of  the  Law  Library  Association 
of  St.  Louis;  director  of  the  Fort  Worth  Lis^ht 
and  Power  Conipam-,  of  Fort  Worth,  Texas; 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Clayton  and 
Poorest  Park  Railway  Company;  director  of  the 
Orchard  Mining  Company,  of  Joplin,  Missouri, 
and  is  connected  with  many  other  enterprises. 
I'or  eitjht  vears  Mr.  vSkinker  was  rejiorter  of  the 
Supreme  Court  of  .Missouri  and  jiublished  the 
able  reports  of  that  court  from  volumes  sixty- 
five  to  eighty. 

He  married  in  the  year  isiiii  Miss  Adela 
Bertha  Rives,  of  Charlottesville,  \'irginia. 

Mr.  Skinker's  legal  record  is  a  splendid  one. 
The  Supreme  Court  reports  alread}-  referred  to  as 
ha\ing  been  imblished  by  him,  are  looked  upon 
throughout  the  Ignited  States  as  among  the 
most  carefulh-  compiled  reports  ever  issued. 
The  decisions  are  admirably-  reproduced,  and 
the  cases  cited  are  so  arranged  as  to  make  refer- 
ence to  them  easy  and  pleasant. 

.Mr.  .Skiiiker  has  handled  cases  involving  the 
title  to  large  tracts  of  land  and  the  ownership 
of  immense  sums  of  money,  and  his  clients 
ha\e  been  able  to  leave  their  interests  entircK' 
in  his  hands  without  a  second  thought  as  to 
how  they  would  l)e  conducted.  He  is  conscien- 
tious as  well  as  clever,  and  is  as  careful  not  to 
take  an  unfair  advantage  as  he  is  to  prevent  an 
unfair  advantage  to  be  taken  of  him.  He  is 
one  of  the  best  read  men  in  the  State,  and  is 
able  to  decide  off-hand  intricate  (|uestions  with- 
out danger  of  his  opinions  being  ujisel  in  anv 
court.  He  is  also  an  exceptionally  popular 
citizen  of  St.  Louis.  He  has  never  been  called 
upon  in  \ain  to  a.ssist  in  any  public  enter])rise, 
and  he  is  now  identified  with  the  building  of  a 
railroad  to  connect  the  county  seat  of  St.  Louis 
ci)unt\'  with  the  cit\'  of  St.  J^ouis,  an  enterprise 
which  will  enhance  the  value  of  propertv  to  the 
extent  of  millit)ns  of  dollars  and  open  up  for 
residence  jmrposes  one  of  the  loveliest  tracts  of 
land  ti)  l)e  Idund  in  .\nierica. 

He  resides  in  a  house  on  what  is  known  as 
"  Skinker  Roule\ard,"  this  being  the  house  in 
which  he  was  liorn.  The  last  increase  in  the 
cil\''s  boundaries  took  in  a  ]iortion  of   the  house 


which  is  now  divided  by  the  bonndarx  line  of 
vSt.  Louis  county,  the  judge  sleeping  in  both  the 
cit\-  and  the  county  every  night. 

Dillon,  Judge  Daxikl. — Phititled  to  rank  as 
one  of  the  leaders  of  a  brilliant  and  distinguished 
bar,  who,  both  as  ad\'Ocate  and  expounder,  has 
demonstrated  a  j)rofound  conception  of  the  in- 
tricate and  delicate  bearings  of  the  science  of 
law,  is  he  whose  biography  is  here  briefl\- 
given.  Judge  Dillon  is  a  self-made  man,  and 
throughout  life  has  never  failed  to  appreciate 
the  necessity  of  full  dependence  on  self,  a  reli- 
ance which  has  unqnestionabh-  jiroNed  one  of 
the  chief  factors  of  his  success.  What  such  in- 
dustry, courage  and  determination  have  attained 
for  him  is  calculated  to  encourage  young  men 
who  aspire  to  success  in  every  walk  of  life,  but 
especially  can  his  example  be  applied  with 
truth  and  exactness  to  those  striving  for  success 
in  the  law. 

As  a  struggling  youth,  as  a  student,  as  a  sol- 
dier, as  a  practicing  attorney,  and  as  a  judge  on 
the  bench,  he  has  a  record  without  a  blot.  Rv 
his  genial  and  unassuming  manner,  and  his 
marked  abilitv,  he  has  wtm  thousands  of  friends 
and  a  judicial  reputation  oi  which  he  may  well 
be  proud.  While  a  man  of  strong  convictions, 
no  one  has  ever  impugned  Judge  Dillon's 
abst)lute  fairness  and  impartiality  while  on  the 
l)ench.  He  is  possessed  of  the  "judicial  mind" 
in  a  remarkable  degree,  and  his  decisions  bear 
all  the  indications  that  every  ])oint  of  the  case 
has  been  nicely  weighed  and  that  the  decision  is 
a  fair  and  a  just  one. 

Judge  Daniel  Dillon  was  born  in  .St.  Louis, 
Septemlier  I'H,  IS-tl.  Both  his  father  and  his 
mother,  Philip  aiul  Margaret  (  Kelly )  Dillon, 
were  natives  of  Ireland.  When  Daniel  was 
al)out  four  years  old  the  father,  who  was  a  farmer, 
decided  to  settle  with  his  family  in  Jefferson 
co\int\-,  this  State.  Here  the  son  was  educated, 
attending  the  district  school,  and  afterward 
teaching  Jetferson  co\int\'  schools  for  two  terms. 
The  tinishing  courses  of  his  education  were  ob- 
tained at  till'  Christian  Brothers'  College,  St. 
Louis,  and   he  was  just  al)out  to  graduate  when 


804 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.   /.(U7S. 


iIk-  civil  war  broke  oiil.  lie  <iuit  Iiis  Ixjoks,  and 
ill  August,  1X()2,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  Com- 
pany A,  Thirtieth  .Missouri  \'olnnteer  Infantry. 
He  was  anionic  the  troops  at  tlie  sieyje  of  \'icks- 
hnrtj,  served  part  of  the  time  witli  Sherman's 
arm\-,  and  was  in  nian\-  of  tlie  liard-fou^ht  bat- 
tles of  the  .Mississippi  \'alley.  Remainin_tf  in 
the  army  until  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was 
mustered  out  in  May,  lH<i(),  with  the  rank  of 
captain. 

Directly  after  this  event  he  returned  to  St. 
Louis  with  the  determination  to  fit  himself  for 
the  bar  and  to  make  lliis  cit\-  his  home.  Me 
1)c.tjan  by  reading  law  pri\-atel)-  and  in  the 
office  of  Coonley  &  Madill,  and  on  the  o]:)eniuq; 
of  the  St.  I.ouis  I^aw  .School,  in  the  fall  of  1N(>7, 
he  became  a  member  of  the  first  class,  attended 
two  terms  and  graduated  in  l!Sti!l,  having  lieen 
admitted  to  the  bar  in  ISliS.  Then  he  formed  a 
partniTshiii  with  John  \\'.  i)i\(lcn,  for  law  prac- 
tice, which  later  was  followed  by  a  partnershij) 
with  Peter  J.  Taafe.  In  1870  he  entered  the 
office  of  Judge  ^ladill,  succeeding  to  a  portion 
of  the  hitter's  practice  when  he  was  elected 
judge  of  the  Circuit  Court.  In  IHJS-t  he  yielded 
to  the  solicitation  of  his  friends  and  became  a 
candidate  on  the  Democratic  ticket  for  judge  of 
the  Circuit  Court  of  St.  Louis.  The  public's 
confidence  in  his  legal  capacity  was  shown  by 
hisoverwhehningelection  for  a  term  of  si.x  years. 
vSo  well  did  he  fill  the  re(|uirements  of  that 
responsible  ofhce,  that  at  the  expiration  of  his 
term  in  l.SiH)  he  was  again  elected  and  is  at  pres- 
ent occnp\ing  the  bench. 

.  Judge  Dillon  was  married  in  October,  1X7;?,  to 
Miss  Mary  Jane  Fox,  daughter  of  William  and 
Hannah  (filennon)  Fox.  They  have  four  sons 
and  two  daughters— John,  Paul,  William,  Helen, 
Daniel  and  Marie,  all  1)right  and  promising 
children. 

Kkri-r,  John  Bknj.^min,  son  of  Michael  and 
Eliza  (  Kern  )  Keber,  was  born  on  May  1(>,  l.S(i-2, 
in  St.  Louis.  His  father  is  a  well-known  citi- 
zen of  the  city,  and  his  mother  is  the  daughter 
of  the  late  John  Kern,  who  was  one  of  the 
founders  and  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Mutual 


b'irc  and   Maiint'    Insurance  Companx    until  his 
death  in   I  'S.'ii;. 

Dr.  Keber  received  an  excellent  education, 
first  in  the  Christian  Brothers'  College,  and  then 
at  the  St.  Louis  I 'niversit)-,  graduating  from 
the  latter  institiitiim  in  June,  bSSO,  with  the 
degree  of  .-\.P>.,  and  the  highest  honors  of  his 
class.  .A  few  mouths  later  he  entered  the  St. 
Louis  Medical  College,  where  he  studied  for 
three  years,  securing  the  degree  of  ]M.D.  in 
March,  ISSH.  His  first  aiii^ointment  was  as 
assi.staut  physician  to  the  .\lexiau  Brothers'  Ho.s- 
|)ital,  which  was  soon  followed  by  that  of  assist- 
ant editor  of  the  .S7.  f.n/iis  Afcdirn/  niia/  Siir<;iia/ 
Journal . 

Concluding  to  make  the  treatment  of  skin 
diseases  his  s])ecialty,  he  went  to  iMirojje  in 
l'SS4,  with  the  view  of  stud\-ing  his  subject 
under  the  most  fa\-orable  conditions,  and  spent 
four  years  under  the  most  famous  dermatologists 
of  the  Old  World.  He  was  matriculated  for  vary- 
ing periods  at  the  University  of  vStras.sburg, 
Heidelberg,  lierlin,  Prague,  \'ienna  and  Paris, 
the  greatest  jiortion  of  his  time,  howe\'er,  being 
passed  in  Prague  and  \'ienna.  .\\ailiug  him- 
self to  the  utmost  of  his  unusual  ()pi)ortunities, 
he  became  an  accomplished  dermatologist,  and, 
in  l.SSS,  returned  to  St.  Louis. 

Commencing  practice  again,  his  scientific  at- 
tainments soon  gained  for  him  an  en\-iable  repu- 
tation, among  his  confreres  as  well  as  the  general 
public.  .A  few  weeks  after  his  return  he  was 
appointed  assistant  to  the  chair  of  dermatology 
in  the  vSt.  Louis  Post-Oraduate  vSchool  of  ]\Iedi- 
cine,  resigning  that  position  in  the  summer  of 
IJSI'O,  when  he  was  tendered  the  professorship 
of  skin  diseases  in  the  Beaumont  Hospital  Med- 
ical College,  which  he  accepted  and  now  holds. 
Later  on  he  was  also  elected  to  the  office  of 
.secretary  of  the  faculty.  In  June,  l<s;)(),  Dr. 
Keber  received  the  degree  of  .\..M.  from  the 
St.  Louis  LTniversity.  He  is  consulting  derma- 
tologist to  the  -Alexian  Brothers'  Hospital,  Mis- 
souri Pacific  Railway  system  and  St.  Mary's  In- 
firnuiry;  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  Medical 
and  other  societies,  and  has  made  for  himself  a 
place  in  the  front  rank  of   the  profession. 


luocR.  t /'///( :  I/.  .  //vvf.wv.v. 


;](io 


XooxAx,  Roiii-.kT  M.,  is  a  native  St.  Louisan, 
liaviiij;  l)ceu  born  in  tliiscity  Xoveniber!',  1<S.")4. 
His  niDtlier,  l)ef<)ic  lier  marriage,  was  Sarah 
Ilarniiin,  and  his  tallu-r  was  Tlionias  Xooiian, 
one  of  St.  Louis'  old-time  business  leaders,  and 
who  for  inan\-  years  was  the  head  of  the  large 
wholesale  queensware  and  china  store  on  Main 
street,  opposite  tlu-  old  \'irginia  Hotel. 

Mr.  Xoonan  was  educatetl  at  the  St.  Louis 
I 'ui\ersit\-.  He  graduated  from  that  iiistitutiun 
in  l.'^i)^*,  being  at  that  time  onl\-  al:)out  fifteen 
\  ears  of  age.  Soon 
after  leaving  college 
the  Missouri  Pacific 
i\ailwa\'  offered  him 
a  place,  whicli  he  ac- 
ce])ted.  His  quick- 
ness and  adaptability 
to  the  business  soon 
made  itself  apparent, 
and  he  recei\ed  nu- 
merous promotions 
at  the  hands  of  the 
superior  ofiicers  of 
the  corporation,  and 
when  lu-  left  the  em- 
ploy ol  the  road  nine 
years  after  he  entered 
it,  he  was  holding  a 
res])onsil)le  and  lu- 
cratixe  office.  He 
went  ne.xt  to  tlie 
Bank  of  Commirce, 
where  he  accepted  a 
])osition. 

.\tter  a  fiw  \ears'  connection  with  the  bank 
1r-  lelt  il  and  eutered  the  real  estate  businos 
wilh  his  brother,  Thomas  vS.  Xoonan.  Winn 
the  latter  died,  Robert  assumed  control  of  the 
business,  and  has  conibu'ted  it  ever  since. 

Mr.  .Xoonan  is  ver\-  popular  with  all  his 
patrons,  and  his  affable  and  courteous  manner 
has  beiu  an  important  factor  of  liis  success, 
ilis  ])ecuniar\-  success  during  the  four  \ears  just 
]iasstil  has  been  phenomenal,  as  l)y  strict  atten- 
tion to  business  and  a  keen  busines.s  insight,  lie 
has  cleared  between  $7r),()(i()  and  •>?  100, 00(1.     He 

20 


ROBEKI     .M.   NOONAN. 


is  still  a  young  man,  and  considering  his  busi- 
ness acumen,  he  gives  promise  of  becoming  a 
millionaire  once,  twice,  or  three  times  over  be- 
fore he  has  reached  the  half  centur\'  mark.  He 
numbers  among  his  clients  some  of  the  wealth- 
iest real  property  holders  and  largest  estates  in 
.St.  Louis,  and  has  a  chain  of  corresponding 
agents  in  all  the  large  cities  of  the  countr\-. 

.Mr.  Xoonan  was  married  on  March  2.'),  LSIU, 
to  Miss  Maud  Henr\-,  the  daughter  of  William 
Henr\-  of  the  W'm.  l!arr  l)r\-  Cioods  Company,  and 

has    one    daughter. 

\V.A.I.KKR,  RoiilCKT, 

son  of  Joseph  and 
vSarah  ( Thompson ) 
Walker,  was  born  in 
Monroe  countv,  Illi- 
nois, Jamiarv  ;>1, 
ISi).").  At  that  time 
his  father,  Mr.  Jo- 
seph Walker,  was 
the  owner  of  a  valu- 
able farm  in  Monroe 
county,  and  Rob- 
ert's early  da\s  were 
spent  on  the  farm. 
His  parents,  how- 
ever, moved  into  St. 
Louis  when  he  was 
(piite  young,  and  he 
had  the  benefit  of  a 
first-class  education 
in  private  and  public 
scliools  of  this  cit\-. 
lie  then  took  a  course  at  the  Hryant  iit  Stratton 
IJusincss  College. 

His  first  e.xjjerience  was  in  the  establishment 
of  Crawford  ^c  Com]Kin\-,  as  clerk,  a  position  he 
tilled  to  tile  satisfaction  of  his  emi)loyers  for  a 
period  of  upwards  of  two  years.  In  1.SS7  his 
fallier,  the  proprietor  of  the  Hotel  Hanuim,  felt 
the  need  of  a  working  partner  and  assistant,  and 
he  accordingly  offered  Rol)ert  an  interest  in  the 
business,  with'  tlie  jjosition  of  manager.  The 
offer  was  accepted,  and  during  the  last  five  \ears 
the  active  management  of  this   popular  house 


3(m; 


iii.n  .i.y/>  .y/:u'  sv:  /j)t7s. 


has  l)fcii  vested  in  Mr.  Robert  Walker.  The 
Hotel  Harmiin  combines,  to  a  marked  de.tiree, 
all  the  ad\anta<:;es  of  a  first-class  lunise,  witli 
moderate  charades,  and  hundreds  of  drummers 
make  it  their  headquarters  when  in  the  city, 
'riiere  is  an  air  of  home-life  about  the  Hotel 
Ilanium  whicli  insures  the  continuance  of  its 
pop\ilarit\  and  success,  and  the  mauati:emeut  is 
so  jjood  that  everythin.y;  runs  smoothly,  as  a 
matter  of  course. 

Youiiij  Mr.  Walker  is  an  enthusiastic  meud)er 
of  the  Order  of  the  Kui.<jhts  of  Pythias. 

('.KH\i-:k,  Aicr.sT,  sou  of  Conrad  an<l  Mavy 
(  Hehiuau  )  (ichuer,  was  born  in  Hauo\-er,  der- 
uKinv,  September  I^!,  li^4Ci.  He  received  the 
rudiments  of  his  education  in  the  schools  of  his 
nati\'e  citv,  and  when  Ik-  was  thirteen  years  of 
ajje  his  parents  emicjrated  with  him  to  America, 
settliu<j  in  St.  Louis.  Here  youna;  Auo;ust  a.s;aiu 
took  up  his  studies,  atleudiny;  the  (rermau  In- 
stitute for  two  years,  the  close  of  his  school 
term  bein.i;  marked  by  the  breakiu.q;  out  of  the 
civil  war.  Althou.Ljli  still  of  the  school-boy 
age,  he  was  fired  with  enthusiasm  and  patriot- 
ism for  his  adopted  country,  and  enlisted  in 
IJattaliou  L.,  First  .Missouri  .\rtillery.  During- 
his  term  of  enlistment  he  was  in  man\-  hard- 
fought  battles,  among  them  the  battles  of  Prairie 
Grove  and  Pea  Ridge.  He  was  a  stayer,  as  well 
as  a  fighter,  and  continued  in  service  \\\)  to  the 
end  of  the  war,  and  w^as  finalK'  nuistered  out  at 
St.  Louis. 

He  then  began  to  look  about  for  means  to 
earn  a  living.  He  had,  in  his  school  da\s, 
shown  a  remarkable  aptness  at  drawing,  and 
a  position  being  offered  as  draftsman  in  the 
surveyor-general's  office,  he  accepted  the  place, 
and  this  finally  led  him  into  the  present  abstract 
business.  After  continuing  for  three  vears  in 
this  connection,  he  next  accepted  the  position 
of  clerk  in  the  office  of  Hnrk  &  O'Reilley,  ab- 
stracters of  titles.  His  term  of  service  with 
this  firm  was  al.so  for  three  years,  at  the  end  of 
which  time  he  set  up  an  abstract  office  of  his 
own.  This  was  in  l''^68,  and  the  location  of  the 
business  was  at  Third  and  Pine,  then  the  center 


of  the  real  estate  district  of  St.  Louis.  As  the 
cit>'  grew  westward,  Mr.  (yehuer  moved  to  Pine, 
near  Sixth,  and  then  again  to  I>1(>  Cheslnul,  and 
finalh',  when  the  Wainwright  I'.nilding  was 
comjileted  in  l.S!i;5,  he  fitted  up  elegant  offices 
therein,  establishing  what  are  likely  to  be  his 
permanent  lR-ad(|uarters.  His  f'lrm  has  examined 
and  has  abstracts  of  almost  e\'ery  piece  of  prop- 
ert\-  in  the  city.  It  is  considered  one  of  the 
most  reJiable  and  best  equipped  abstract  and 
title  establishments  in  St.  Louis,  and  in  this 
respect  the  business  partakes  of  the  character- 
istics of  the  proprietor. 

While  the  abstract  business  conducted  1)\  Mr. 
( lehner  is  one  of  the  most  important  in  the  citv, 
he  has  bccouie  best  known  to  the  financial 
world  tlir;nigli  his  connection  with  the  Cierman- 
.\mericau  Bank.  A  com])arison  shows  this  to 
be  one  of  the  most  solid  banks  in  St.  Louis,  and 
be\oud  question  the  first  divideud-pa\iug  bank 
in  the  cit\'.  The  stockholders  all  realize  that 
this  condition  uuist  be  credited  to  the  wise 
counsel  and  excellent  management  of  the  bank's 
president,  Mr.  (Fchner.  He  is  looked  upon  in 
e\erv  business  circle  where  he  is  known  as  a 
financier  of  the  wisest  judgment  and  highest 
talent,  and  various  companies  and  corjioratious 
ha\e  availed  ihemsehes  of  his  ad\'ice.  He  is  a 
director  of  the  Mississipj^i  Valley  Trust  Com- 
pany, of  the  German  L'uited  Fire  Insurance 
Coin])an\-,  and  is  the  treasurer  of  the  company 
erecting  the  new  si , (1(10, ()()()  houl,  besides  other 
companies.  Socially,  he  is  prominently  indeuti- 
fied  as  a  meudier  with  the  St.  Louis  Club.  He 
was  married  to  Miss  Minna  Wehmiller,  of  .St. 
Louis,  in  I.STO.  They  have  two  children,  a  bo\- 
and  a  girl,  named  Albert  and  Pauline. 

It  may  be  said  with  truth  that  Mr.  Gehner 
would  be  accorded  a  place  in  a  list  of  a  dozen 
most  prominent  citizens  of  St.  J^ouis  should 
any  one  conversant  with  the  affairs  of  ,St.  Louis 
attempt  to  compile  such  a  list.  Mr.  (iehner  is 
a  uiau  of  great  tenacity  of  purpose,  and  of 
great  will-power  and  force  of  character.  He  is 
not  a  seeker  after  popularity,  and  does  not  hesi- 
tate to  oppose  in  an  outspoken  manner  that 
which  he  conceives  to  be  eri'or. 


r,i( )(,R.  i/'/f/L ■.  //,  .  I /'/'/■:. \7U.\: 


;!()7 


.M  ii.i.i-.R,  L.  Cass,  son  of  John  11.  and  \'irs^inia 
SoninKrviJlf  (  Harnett)  Miller,  was  Ijorn  at  P'red- 
ericksburi^,  \'irL;"inia,  ()clol)cr  I'l,  IS.'ili,  and  was 
cdncated  in  a  private  school  in  his  native  Stale. 
He  then  went  to  Washinijton,  1).  C,  where  lie 
attended  tlu-  Ili.i^h  ( '.raniniar  School,  alter  which 
he  went  to  luirope  and  studied  in  the  Ciovern- 
nient  Architectural  Scliool  of  England.  Tie 
returned  houi  l'".uro])e  in  ISTH  and  located  in 
New  \'ork  Cit\',  where  he  studied  and  practiced 
in  the  ofilce  of  Mr.  Stephen  I).  Hatch. 

After  four  \ears  of 
work  in  Mr.  Hatch's 
office  he  was  admit- 
ted to  ]iartnersliip, 
but  in  the  same  year 
(  l«f^;i )  was  attracted 
1)\'  the  possibilities 
for  a  first-cIass  arch- 
itect in  the  West, 
and  came  to  St. 
Louis.  His  reputa- 
tion liad  ])receded 
him,  and  he  c\]ieri- 
e'nced  no  dillicultx'  in 
securing;  remunera- 
tive and  responsible 
commissions. 

While  in  X  e  w 
\'nrk  he  had  suiter- 
intended  the  con- 
struction of  such 
buildins^sasthe  .Mnr- 
rav  Hill  Hotel,  the 
I,i\'er])ool,      London 

and  (ilobe  Huildinij,  and  the  Boreel  Buildin^;  Saline  county.  He  taught  school  and  studied 
and  his  .St.  Louis  record  is  even  more  credita-  law  durin.s;  the  next  two  \ears,  readinj;;  law 
ble.  The  Laclede  Buildin<j  is  looked  n]ion  by  with  Col.  Samuel  Bo\(l,  Judge  Strother  and 
visitors  to  the  city  as  one  of  the  best  planned  Lewis  W.  Miller.  He  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
buildings  in  the  West.  in  l^iTLand  immediately  came  to  St.  Louis  and 

The  design  was  Mr.  .Miller's,  and  he  suixrin-  entered  on  the  jiractice  of  law,  anil  has  been 
tended  its  execution  with  llie  care  and  precision  here  ever  since,  engaged  in  the  general  civil 
w  liicli  marks  every  commission  he  undertakes.  [Practice.  He  was  assistant  attorney  for  the 
The  co.stly  residence  houses  of  Mr.  William  St.  Louis  ^:  San  Francisco  Railroad  for  four 
Bagnall  and  Mr.  Clarence  O'Fallon  may  be  years,  and  in  tliat  cajiacity  became  conversant 
ipioted  examples  ot  his  line  work  in  pri\ale  with  the  railroad  and  corporation  law. 
dwelling-houses,  while  those  who  have  stopped  Mr.    Xa]Hon     is     president    of    the    Western 


"^  jSS^       mm 

**^ 

-.^■' 

Iv. 

.■^ 

L.  CASS  nil.l.Hk. 


at  the  (iasconade  Hotel,  Lebanon,  Missouri,  will 
be  interested  to  know  that  the  building  was 
jilanned  l)y  .Mr.  Miller,  and  erected  under  his 
su])er\ision. 

Mr.  Miller  does  not  follow  old  and  tedious 
lines  or  ideas  in  his  work,  but  carefully  thinks 
out  new  designs,  studies  laboriously  over  the 
details,  and  succeeds  every  time  in  evolving 
something  at  once  unique,  economical  and  com- 
prehensi\'e. 

He   married    Miss    Katie    (L    Pitcher,    of    St. 

Louis,  in  LSS;-},  and 
has  two  children, 
\'irginia  Gertrude 
and  Douglas  War- 
wick. 


X.M'TOX,  Ch.\s. 
McClixg,  was  born 
at  the  country  home 
known  as  IClk  Hill, 
in  Saline  county, 
Missouri,  being  the 
sou  of  Judge  Will- 
iam B.  and  Malinda 
(Williams)  Naptou. 
He  was  educated  in 
the  High  School  of 
vSt.  Louis,  Westmin- 
ster College  at  Ful- 
ton, Missouri,  and 
the  l'ui\ersity  of 
\'irginia.  He  left 
the  I'niversity  in 
l?^<i'.'  and  returned  to 


:•>(  ts 


oi.n  AMI  .\i-:\v  ST.  i.oi'is. 


KcDiiouiic  Association,  a  society  oi<;aiii/.e(l  for 
the  diffusion  of  useful  iufonnatiou  upon  econoiuic 
questions,  and  it  was  tlirou<ili  its  efforts  lliat  tlie 
census  of  1^>!H>  was  made  to  contain  statistics  of 
farm  morti,^i<res.      He  is  unmarried. 

Cdi-P,  SA.MfKi.,  son  of  Samuel  and  Phoebe 
(Tlieall)  Copp,  was  born  in  .Sharon  county, 
Connecticut,  Februarx  Hi,  l«H!.  Mr.  Co]>p,  Sr., 
was  a  native  of  Stouintjton,  and  Mrs.  Copj)  was 
born  in  New  York  City.  Voun.i,^  Samuel  was 
educated  in  the  district  schools  at  Mystic,  C<iii- 
necticul.  .\l  the  ai^^e  of  fifteen  he  went  to 
Svracuse,  .Xew  York.  Three  years  later,  in  the 
\ear  1  •">;>■">,  he  came  to  St.  I^ouis,  which  was 
then  a  frontier  town  of  about  i;,i)()(i  inlial)itants. 

Mr.  Copp's  first  work  here  was  in  the  dry 
i^ootls  establishment  of  Brewster  (S:  IvOomis,  and 
he  confined  his  attention  to  merchandise  until 
the  \ear  bst;;,  when  he  en^aj^ed  in  the  com- 
mission and  chemical  business.  After  seven 
\-ears  of  \-ery  successful  work  in  this  line  he 
retired  and  was  appointed  by  the  directors  as 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Pacific  Railwa}-, 
wlicn  that  road  was  beint^-  constructed,  at  which 
period  .Mr.  Thos.  .\lleu  was  the  president.  Not 
onlv  was  Mr.  Copp  the  first  secretar\-  of  the  first 
railroad  established  and  built  west  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, but  he  was  also  a  meml)er  of  the  partv' 
which  rode  on  the  first  trip  made  1)\-  a  locouuj- 
ti\e  on  the  newly-constructed  line. 

Mr.  Cojip  continued  in  this  ])osition  until  the 
year  1^(^)!S,  when  he  retired  and  established  the 
private  banking  business  of  .Vllen,  Copp  iX: 
Xisbett.  The  firm  was  a  very  substantial  and 
prosperous  one,  and  it  continued  intact  until 
l><7(i,  when  the  partnership  was  dissolved,  the 
members  decidinj^  to  retire  pennanenth  from 
active  commercial  life.  So  far  as  .Mr.  Cojip  was 
concerned,  the  rest  was  of  short  duration,  for  in 
li^TT  he  was  persuaded  to  acccjjt  the  position  as 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Bellefontaine 
Cemetery  .\ssociation,  which  position  lie  still 
holds. 

He  married  in  184;-i  Miss  Sarah  .\.  Chappell, 
of  Baltimore,  Maryland.  He  has  had  six  chil- 
dren, of  whom  two  daughters  are  living,  one  of 


them    beiiii;    llu-    wile    of    John    II.    .McCliiney, 
cashier  of  the  Slate  Hank. 

I'J.i.i-;khk< ic'K,  IIi-.k\i\n  Arcr.sT,  was  born  in 
("TermaiiN-  on  .\u,i^ust  'I'l,  \>^'-i'l,  liis  ])areiits  being 
P'rederick  and  Johanna  (  liilgrim  )  P'.llerbrock. 
In  the  land  wliere  he  was  born,  he  spent  his 
\-outli  and  earl\-  manliood,  recei\'ing  his  educa- 
tion from  the  sjdendid  schools  of  that  country. 
When  liis  education  was  considered  coiii])lete, 
he  was  a]ipreiiticed  b\-  his  jiarents  to  the  baker 
and  ])astr\  traile,  and  sjieiit  eight  years  in  learn- 
ing the  business,  thus  gaining  a  complete 
knowledge  of  all  its  details  thoronglilv.  .\fter 
his  apprenticeship  was  finished  se\'eral  years 
were  spent  in  mastering  the  art  of  the  eaiid\- 
maker,  and  he  then  spent  a  number  ol  years 
traveling  through  (Termany,  .Austria  and  P" ranee, 
working  at  his  trade  in  the  \arioiis  cities  of 
these  countries.  He  then  came  to  .\iiierica. 
L'pon  reaching  St.  I.,ouis  he  acce])ted  a  jjosition 
with  the  Blaiike  Bros.  Caiuh'  Company,  remain- 
ing with  the  firm  for  se\en  years.  Recogni/.ing 
his  wt)rtli  as  a  candy-maker,  the  St.  lyouis  Candy 
Coiiipan\  made  him  a  lucrative  offer,  which  he 
accepted.  In  P^i'li  he  made  another  change, 
connecting  himself  with  the  W'enneker  vK;  Morris 
Candy  Company,  of  wdiicli  he  was  made  the 
secretarv.      This  office  he  still  holds. 

.Mr.  I{llerbrock  married  Miss  Ivonisa  Smith,  of 
Chicago,  Illinois,  \\)\\\  i'"',  l!~i7."),  and  they  have 
seven  children — Fred,  Julius,  .\ugnst,  Ciussie, 
.\nnie,  L>'dia  and  Louisa. 

P)()vi.i-.,  \Yii.BrR  P.,  was  born  in  \'irgiiiia, 
•Vugust  -'<),  l.S4<».  His  father  was  Rev.  Jo.seph 
Boyle,  D.D.,  and  his  mother,  before  her  mar- 
riage, was  Miss  Emeline  Gist.  His  parents 
came  to  St.  Ivouis  in  1S42,  but  his  father's  call- 
ing caused  the  family  to  move  from  place  to 
place,  so  that  his  education  was  acquired  at 
\arious  schools,  .\sbury  University  at  Green- 
castle,  Indiana,  being  the  last  he  attended. 

He  read  law  and  the  Hon.  Edward  Bates  was 
his  preceptor  for  a  time.  He  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  January  1,  PSfiS,  in  this  city,  and  at  once 
entered  upon  a  successful  and  lucrative  practice. 


BIOGRAPHIC.  \l.     U'/'JiX/UX. 


809 


At  tlu-  <4fiicral  election  in  Xoveinljei-,  ISTii, 
lie  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  Circuit  Court  of 
St.  I/)uis,  for  the  term  of  six  years,  and  dis- 
char<fed  the  <jra\-c  and  responsible  duties  ol  that 
ofliee  in  a  manner  alike  creditable  to  himsell  and 
satisfactory  to  the  bar  ami  the  public.  I)urin<i 
the  summer  of  lfS!^2  he  made  known  his  inten- 
tion to  decline  a  second  term,  and  an  effort  was 
made  by  the  leadiui^  mend)ers  of  the  bar  ot  St. 
lyouis  to  induce  him  io  chano;e  his  determination. 
A  hij^hlv  flatteringly  and  complimentary  rec|ucst 
was  made  uixm  him  to  accej^t  the  office  for  a 
second  term.  This  request,  which  was  in  the 
form  of  a  testimonial  to  his  abilit\-,  fairness  and 
ui)ri.y;htness  as  a  jud<^e,  was  si.y;ued  by  all  of  the 
most  ])rominent  meml)ers  of  the  liar  ol  this  city, 
irrespective  of  ])olitical  predilections,  but  feelin<( 
that  the  compen.sation  of  the  office  was  inade- 
ijuate  to  the  needs  of  those  dependin.L;  on  him  lor 
support,  he  declined  the  office  and  resumed  the 
practice  of  law  on  the  1st  day  of  January,  l.S'S;>. 
l''rom  ISS.')  to  I'Si':^  he  was  the  senior  mendier 
of  the  firm  of  lioxle,  .\dams  ^c  .McKei.L^han. 
This  ])artncrship  was  dissolved  in  ISlti',  and 
Judges  Hoyle  and  Adams  formed  the  present  firm 
of  Boyle  &  Adams. 

Judge  Hoyle  marrieil  in  1^<'>I  .Miss  Fannie  L. 
Brother.      'lMie\-  ha\'e  two  children. 

.VkXdi.ii,  H1';nrv,  son  of  Carl  I/mis  and 
Christina  .\rnol(l,  was  born  in  (~.erman\  in  the 
year  if<4!t.  lie  was  educated  in  the  puhlii- 
schools  near  his  home  and  the  Higli  .School  in 
Darnrsiadt,  and  came  to  this  country  when  la- 
was  quite  a  boy.  In  the  year  l-Stili,  shortl\- 
after  the  close  of  the  war,  Mr.  Arnold  settled  in 
St.  lyonis  and  became  connected  with  the  firm 
of  J.  ('..  Haas  ^:  Conqianx  ,  wliich  was  doing 
business  in  the  manufacture  of  soap  on  a  small 
scale,  having  been  established  in  lS<i;'>.  In  the 
vear  1S7|  Mr.  Arnold  became  interested  in  the 
firm,  taking  charge  of  the  interest  of  his  father- 
in-law,  Mr.  J.  Ci.  Haas,  and  the  firm  has  since 
been  incorporated  as  the  J.  (i.  Haas  .Soaji  Com- 
pan\-,  with  olhco  at  ^^^'1  Wash  street  and  a  \  ery 
large  factory  at  liryan  a\euue  and  .Main  street. 
North  St.  Louis.      Mr.  .\rnold  has  been   a   verv 


active  mendier  of  the  firm  since  its  incoj'poratiou, 
and  as  secretary  of  the  corporation  very  much  of 
the  acti\-e  management  has  fallen  upon  his 
shonlders.  He  is  stricth'  a  self-made  man,  his 
i-apital  stock,  when  starting  in  life,  being  noth- 
ing but  a  fair  education  and  a  determination  to 
succeed  by  honorable  means  and  industry.  He 
is  also  a  mendier  of  the  Merchants'  Exchange, 
and  is  connected  with  several  ])id)Iic  mo\-e- 
ments. 

In  |S74  Mr.  .Arnold  married  .Miss  .\nna 
Margrethe  Haas  ami  has  three  children,  Henry 
C. ,  Tinnie  and  Ida. 

Hrciir.s,  W'ii.i.ia.m  1'J)i..\r,  son  of  John  and 
Ivli/.a  (  Rutherford  )  Hughes,  was  born  in  Mor- 
gan county,  Illinois,  March  1'),  l.S4().  When 
twent>-  years  of  age  he  went  to  Texas,  and  after 
a  long  career  in  the  .Southern  army  he  taught 
school,  and  finally  started  a  law  jiractice  at 
Weatherford,  Texas. 

He  resided  there  eight  years,  and  then  nu)\ed 
to  Dallas,  where  he  enjoxcd  a  Incratixe  and 
constanth-growing  practice.  He  had  been  in 
Dallas  onh'  a  few  \'ears  when  he  organized  the 
Cit\-  Ikink  of  Dallas,  which  soon  became  one  of 
the  solidest  financial  institutions  in  the  city. 
.Snbsequenth'  he  was  made  the  bank  president, 
and  later,  as  his  interests  as  a  capitalist  extended, 
he  gradualh-  relaxed  his  law  practice,  and  in 
isyii  lie  ga\e  it  u])  entirelw  In  the  same  year 
lu'  ritircd  from  the  Dallas  Citv  Bank  and 
mo\ed  to  .St.  Louis,  where  he  organized  the 
Continental  Laud  and  Cattle  ComiKiny,  of  which 
he  is  president.  In  h'ebruary,  I^IM,  he  was 
elected  president  of  the  I'uion  Trust  Company, 
an  office  lie  administiied  with  ability  for  two 
years. 

Colonel  Hugiies  represented  his  district  for 
one  term  in  the  Texas  Legislature  as  a  Demo- 
crat. ( )utside  of  the  Masons,  he  lias  never  con- 
sented to  become  a  mendier  ol  any  social  or  fra- 
ternal societv. 

In  IMi?  lu-  marrii'd  .Miss  .\nnie  C.  Peete,  ot 
I'"orl  Worth,  Texas.  Thev  have  had  but  one 
child,  a  daughter,  who  is  now  married  and  re- 
sides with  her  husband  in  Dallas,  Texas. 


310 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Capkn,  CiKORGK  D.,  son  of  William  and  Kliza 
(  Dunn  )  Capen,  was  horn  in  Brookline,  Massa- 
clnisetls,  Jnlv  l'"^,  1^;''>!.  lie  was  educated  at 
the  Ivliot  Hi.<jli  School,  Jamaica  Plains,  Massa- 
chusetts, but  when  only  fourteen  years  of  atje 
he  started  out  in  life  as  a  clerk  in  a  wholesale 
hat  store  in  Boston.  In  lS.'i<S  he  decided  to 
come  west,  and  selected  St.  I^ouis  as  beintj  the 
suitable  place  and  the  most  promising  city  for  a 
vounjr  man  to  whom  the  word  "fail"  had  no 
sitjnificance,  and  who,  even  at  that  early  aj^e, 
had  mapped  out  a  career  of  an  honorable  and 
ambitions  character.  His  first  occupation  in  his 
new  home  (St.  Louis),  of  which  he  subse- 
quently became  one  of  the  leading  men,  was  as 
a  clerk  in  the  hide  and  leather  business.  In 
IHi;;^  he  established  a  fire  and  marine  insurance 
agenc\-  and  brokerage  business,  and  three  \-ears 
later  he  organized  the  ;\Iississi])]n  \'alle\-  Trans- 
portation CompauN-,  a  corporation  whose  capital 
stock  was  invested  in  tow-boats  and  barges,  built 
for  the  purpose  of  exporting  bulk  grain  and  the 
products  of  the  West  to  Kurojje  by  river  to  New 
( )rleans  and  thence  b\-  steamers. 

While  Mr.  Capen  was  always  connected  with 
insurance  interests,  yet  he  was  extremely  ag- 
gressive in  taking  up  other  business  projects. 
In  1.S7.S  he  organized  the  vSt.  Louis  Club  on 
Washington  avenue,  near  Sixteenth  street,  and 
was  a  director  and  chairman  of  the  executive 
committee  for  the  first  three  years  of  the  exist- 
ence of  this  respected  association  of  St.  Louis 
capitalists  and  business  men.  Later  on,  .said 
club  moved  to  Twenty-ninth  and  Locust  streets, 
where  it  is  in  a  most  flourishing  and  prosnerous 
condition.  lu  18.S7  he  assisted  in.  organizing 
the  Missouri  Safe  Deposit  Company,  and  became 
its  president.  He  was  also  the  manager  of  the 
Equitable  Building,  a  director  in  the  Laclede 
Gas  Light  Company,  one  of  the  governing  board 
of  the  St.  Louis  Jockey  Club,  and  a  member  of 
the  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters.  In  18.s,s  he 
purchased  the  "Gri.swold  Tract"  and  organ- 
ized a  syndicate  which  later  on  developed  the 
beautiful  Forest  Park  Terrace,  Westmoreland 
Place  and  Portland  Place,  mentioned  in  the 
earlier  part  of  this  book.      In  l.S.Si)  he  (with  the 


banking  house  of  Whitaker  ^S:  Hodgman)  pur- 
chased the  Lindell  Street  Railway  Com]Kiny, 
the  result  being  the  conversion  of  a  small  bob- 
tail horse-car  line  into  one  of  the  finest  and 
most  successfully  operated  electric  lines  in  the 
world.  The  original  ])urchase  of  this  iirojierty 
re([uired  an  outlay  of  s  1  ,o.'i(),(M)(),  and  while  Mr. 
Capen  was  president  of  the  com])anv,  an  addi- 
tional expenditure  of  $1,70(),()()()  was  incurred. 

.Mr.  Capen  came  from  an  old  New  Kngland 
family,  being  a  direct  descendant  of  the  I^aw- 
rcncc  lamily,  who  were  the  pioneers  in  New 
England  in  the  successful  .starting  and  operating 
of  the  large  woolen  and  cotton  factories  at 
Lowell,  Lawrence  and  ^Manchester,  where  mill- 
ions of  dollars  were  accumulated  through  the 
sagacity  and  enterprise  of  these  great  men; 
Mr.  Amos  Lawrence  luwing  contributed  during 
his  life-lime,  for  charitable  purposes,  upwards  of 
s2, 011(1, ()()(),  leaving  a  large  fortune  at  his  death, 
while  his  brother,  Abbott  Lawrence,  was  ap- 
])ointed  under  the  Fillmore  administration  minis- 
ter to  the  Court  of  St.  James,  which  position  he 
filled  with  abilit\'  and  distinction. 

He  married  in  1S(;2  Miss  P'rances  Isabella 
Pond,  daughter  of  Mr.  Charles  H.  Pond  (  for- 
merly of  Massachusetts),  a  well-known  architect 
and  builder,  who  resided  in  St.  Louis  for  a  num- 
ber of  years.  Mrs.  Capen's  mother  was  a 
Wentworth,  being  a  descendant  of  (iovernor 
Wentworlh,  the  first  go\ernor  of  New  Hani])- 
sliire;  and  many  of  the  residents  oi  this  cit\', 
who  have  visited  Rye  Beach  or  Portsmouth, 
New  Hampshire,  will  recollect  the  old  "Went- 
worth Homestead."  Mr.  Capen  was  taken  sick 
while  in  the  midst  of  his  successful  career,  and 
his  death  in  the  spring  of  this  year  was  a  dis- 
tinct loss  to  St.  Louis.  He  left  seven  children 
(four  sons  and  three  daughters).  The  two  old- 
est sons  —  Samuel  Davis  Capen  and  George 
Henry  Capen  —  graduated  at  Yale  College  in 
the  classes  of  LS.S")  and  1^90,  respecti\'elv,  after 
which  the  oldest  son  studied  law  for  nearh' 
three  }-ears  at  the  Harvard  Law  vScIukjI,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  St.  Louis  bar  in  isss,  while  the 
second  son  graduated  at  the  St.  Louis  Law 
School   in    l-SHi'. 


Cr-^nUal  Biog  Fulilishinii  Co, 


Dio(,R.  I  nine.  I/.  .  /  / '/  'Kxn/x. 


811 


Li'niNGTON,  Francis  H.,  was  born  in  Boston, 
Massachusetts,  vSepteniber  ;5,  l<S,'',(i.  He  was 
educated  in  tlie  schools  of  Boston.  At  sixteen 
vears  of  a<j;e,  tlie  dcatli  (.)f  his  fatlicr  threw  him 
ii])on  the  world  and  pnt  a  sudden  slop  to  the 
nni\-crsit\'  career  which  he  had  mapped  out  l(n- 
himself.  Vonni;  -Mr.  I^iidinj^ton  accejited  the 
situation  with  i;oo(l  s^race,  and  secured  a  position 
as  clerk  in  a  liostou  grocery  at  a  nominal  salary, 
lie  did  not  limit  his  labor  by  this  stipend,  and 
his  emploN'ers  soon  seeincr  his  abilit\'  and  faith- 
fulness rapidly  ad- 
\'anced  him  in  their 
establislinieul. 

.\s  soon  as  he  had 
sa\'ed  sufficient 
nioncN'  from  his  mea- 
ger earnings,  he  en- 
Un-d  the  I'hiliiis 
Academy  at  An- 
clo\er,  .Massachu- 
setts, and  later  the 
Normal  ,School  at 
1!  ridge  water,  .Massa- 
chusetts, where  he 
studied  for  three 
\  ears,  graduating 
with  honors  at  the 
age  of  twenty-three. 
I  le  taught  school  in 
Massachusetts  tor 
the  next  fi\'e  years, 
(luring  which  jieriod 
he  continued  his 
studies  in  his  leisure 

time,  and  made  a  nnndier  of  \aluable  acipiainl- 
auces,  including  Messrs.  Chase  Brothers,  at 
Boston.  These  gentlemen  saw  in  tlie  young 
school  teacher  the  making  of  a  first-class  busi- 
iK-ss  man,  and  when  in  ( )ct(il)er,  IMIti,  Messrs. 
II.  .\;  I..  Chase  i)erfeeled  their  arrangements  for 
a  St.  I.ouis  branch,  they  sent  .Mr.  Ludinglon 
llierc  and  placed  him  in  charge  to  care  for  and 
de\eloi)  the  western  termiinis  fiom  this  cil\  . 
Since  that  period  the  -St.  Louis  business  has 
been  under  Mr.  I.ndingtou's  manageuienl. 

.\fler  a  few  vears  Mr.  Ludinglon's  talent  and 


KR.^NCIS  H.   I.UDINOTON. 


hard  work  were  appreciated  by  his  admission 
into  the  firm,  which  now  consists  of  Williani 
I^.  Chase  and  .Mr.  Ludington,  both  the  Messrs. 
H.  X:  L.  Chase  being  dead. 

Mr.  I^udington  is  a  director  of  the  Third 
National  Bank,  and  is  connected  with  other 
very  jirominent  institutions.  Me  devotes  a  large 
amount  of  his  spare  time  to  tlie  Second  Baptist 
Church,  of  which  he  is  a  member  and  an  active 
officer. 

.Mr.    I^udington   married   in    IMii'   .Miss  Laura 

(L  Willis,  of  Bridge- 
water.  In  l)S7;-5  Mrs. 
Ludington  and  her 
three  children  died. 
Mr.  lyudington  mar- 
ried a  second  time 
in  1.S7  1,  .Mrs.  Al- 
maria  I'Ajbes,  of 
Campello,  Massa- 
chusetts. The  lad\- 
died  in  ISTii.  In 
the  following  year 
.Mr.  Luclington  mar- 
ried .Miss  1 1  attic  .M. 
Kiiigiiiaii,  the  sister 
of  his  deceased  sec- 
ond wife.  He  has 
one  son,  IClliot  K., 
a  bright,  industrious 
young  man,  now  an 
earnest  student  at 
the  Manual  Training 
School. 


vSciil.i;c.i:i.,  R<)I!i:ki'  .\.,  was  bom  in  St.  Louis, 
Januarv  '.',  L'^iiL  His  parents,  (lu.stave  and 
Rosina  (  .\ue  )  Schlegel,  ha\iiig  been  residents 
of  tliis  city  for  a  nuiiiber  of  years,  although 
natives  of  the  "  Fatherland."  He  attended  tlie 
])ublic  schools  of  this  cit\'  and  the  Washington 
rni\ersit\-  up  to  lf<f<2,  when  he  embarked  in  the 
coiiiniission  business,  remaining  at  same  up  to 
l"el)ruar\  1,  1SS7.  when  he  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  secrelarv  and  treasurer  of  the  .Murnane 
.SiKeriiig  .^v:  Bexeliiig  Company.  He  has  since 
been    acli\ely   engaged    in    business,   and   for  a 


312 


oi.n  AND  jy/-:\\'  ST.  /.oius. 


iiiimher  of  years  occupied  (Hiilc  a  pioiiiiiRiil 
position  in  Masonic  circles,  as  well  as  beinu;  a 
member  of  the   .Mercliants'  ICxchantre. 

Mr.  Sclileyel  was  married,  ( )ctol)cr  i' I,  IS.ss, 
to  Miss  Julia   Iv  Traujiel. 

Hdwk,  Eur.AR  Wii.i.is,  the  manaofer  of  the 
lyiiulell  Hotel,  inherited  much  of  liis  .t,^enius  as 
a  hotel  man  from  his  grandfather,  wlio  was  also 
in  that  line.  He  is  descended  from  the  old 
Howe  family  of  .Mas.sachusetts,  his  ancestors 
ha\iniT  come  from  Kno;land  in  the  seventeenth 
centurv,  and  is  a  descendant  of  Jolin  Ilnwe, 
whose  name  figures  conspicuously  in  the  annals 
of  the  Old  Bay  State  as  far  back  as  ll>.');t. 

He  is  the  son  of  Joel  and  Elizabeth  (  Woods) 
Howe,  and  was  born  at  Warner,  New  Ham]i- 
shire,  Jnh'  i>,  l-'^Ht.  He  was  educated  at  the 
well-known  little  red  school-house  of  Warner, 
and  at  sixteen  he  obtained  a  situation  in  the  old 
City  Hotel,  Boston.  He  entered  the  hotel  as  call- 
boy,  but  soon  became  night  clerk.  Later,  he 
accepted  tlie  position  as  clerk  at  the  St.  James 
Hotel  at  Chicago,  was  soon  a])pt>inted  to  the 
position  of  steward,  and  was  acting  as  such  at 
the  time  the  great  fire  destroyed  the  hotel.  He 
then  accepted  a  position  in  the  Clifton  Ho\ise, 
from  where  he  changed  to  the  Matteson  Hotel, 
now  the  Wellington;  and  when  the  Treniont 
was  completed,  he  recei\-cd  the  jiosition  of  clerk. 

In  December,  l-STii,  lie  again  accepted  a  more 
responsible  position  as  cashier  of  the  Palmer 
Hou.se,  and  rose  to  be  assistant  manager.  vSo 
well  did  he  administer  the  affairs  of  the  position 
that  Mr.  Palmer  admitted  him  to  a  partnershi]), 
giving  him  an  interest  which  he  retained  for 
five  years.  He  then  invested  all  his  capital  in 
the  IJndell  Hotel  of  tliis  city,  assumed  its  man- 
agement and  began  by  thoroughly  reorganizing 
the  hou.se  from  cellar  to  garret,  putting  it  on  a 
first-class  basis.  Mr.  Howe  has  entertained  a 
number  of  illustrious  guests,  who  made  the  Lin- 
dell  their  temporary  home  when  visiting  .St. 
Louis;  notably.  President  and  Mrs.  Cleveland, 
Mr.  James  G.  Blaine  and  Col.  Pat.  (Tilmore, 
who  died  within  its  walls. 

-Mr.  Howe  is  an  active   P'recmason.      He  is  a 


man  ol  faniilx',  being  the  lather  of  a  liriglil  box- 
and  girl,  named  respecliseK  Willie  \\'\  lie  and 
.Maybelle  P'lorence.  Mr.  1  lnwe's  marriage  look 
place  at  Chicago,  Ma\  -'n,  1S74,  .Miss  .\lida 
I''..  Wells  being  the  name  ol  the  lady  who 
became  his  wife. 

(tL.x.scow,  .M.D.,  William  Cark,  was  born 
in  St.  Lonis  in  ls|."i,  and  is  the  sun  of  William 
and  Sarah  (ilasgow.  Ills  ]iaternal  ancestors, 
James  (ilasgow  and  wife,  were  of  Scottish  blood, 
but  were  reared  in  the  north  of  Ireland,  whence 
they  came  to  .\nicrica  in  1740,  settling  in  Christ- 
iana, Delaware.  His  mother's  maiden  name  was 
I.ane,  she  being  the  daughter  of  Dr.  Carr  Lane 
and  Marv  Lane,  iwc  Ewing. 

\\)nng  (ilasgow  was  educated  in  the  i>nlilic 
schools,  and  then  s])ent  three  \-ears  as  a  student 
in  the  Real  (iymnasium  at  Wiesbaden,  fiermany. 
Retnrning  he  entered  \\'ashington  l'niversit\'. 
He  graduated  therefrom  in  isii.'),  and  entered 
the  St.  Louis  Medical  College,  where  he  com- 
pleted his  course  and  graduated  in  1S()!I.  .\ftcr 
a  course  at  the  Long  Island  .Medical  Hos])ilal,  he 
made  a  second  trip  to  Euro])e  for  the  ]3nrj)ose  of 
finishing  his  medical  education  at  the  celebrated 
University  of  Vienna.  Here  he  remained  for  two 
years,  at  the  end  of  wliicli  time  he  retiirned  to 
.St.  Louis,  where  he  accejtted  the  chair  of  ])h>s- 
ical  diagnosis  in  vSt.  Lonis  .Medical  College  in 
I'STI.  In  iss.")  he  was  a]:)])ointed  professor  of 
theory  and  practice  of  medicine  in  the  same  col- 
lege. In  ISIK)  he  resigned  the  position  and  in 
the  same  \ear  was  apjiointed  professor  of  prac- 
tice of  medicine  and  lar\ngologv  in  the  .Missouri 
Medical  College,  and  is  also  professor  of  diseases 
of  the  cliest  and  throat. 

Besides  his  duties  as  a  lecturer  he  practices  as 
a  hospital  physician.  He  acted  as  the  physician 
of  the  ?*Iullanphy  Hospital  from  1S7S  to  bSiH). 
He  is  at  this  time  plu'sician  of  the  vSt.  Louis 
Pohclinic  Hospital  and  the  .Martha  Parsons 
llosjiital  for  Children,  and  is  consulting  ]ihysi- 
cian  of  the  City  Hospital.  He  is  a  meml)er  of 
the  American  lyaryngological  Societ)-,  and  in 
1  !^!K)  was  elected  its  president.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  .\merican  Climatological  Society,  and  also 


niOCRA PlflCAL  APPEXniX. 


313 


a  meinber  of  the  American  Medical  Association, 
and  also  of  the  St.  lyonis  Medical  and  Medico- 
Chirnryfical  societies. 

I)i'.  ("ilasi^ow  was  married  in  1M77  to  Miss 
l'"annie  linsjeisic,  dan^^hter  of  CajH.  H.  C. 
Ivntjelsie,  of  Port  (lil)son,  MississijjjM.  Tliey 
lia\c  lixi-  chiklren. 

I)ii\RKivS,  Hkrxard,  son  of  Ik'rnard  and  Mary 
(  Her.ijmann  )  Dierkes,  was  liorn  in  >St.  I^onis, 
Ma\-  ;il,  isi'.t,  ill  wliich  \ far  liis  fatlier  died. 
I  h-  was  edncated  in  the  ]>arochial  schools  of 
.Si.  Louis,  and  at  White's  Collejje,  Brooklyn, 
N'ew  York.  ( )n  conclndint;;  his  college  course 
he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and  studied  law  with 
( '.nxiviKU'  I'letcher,  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
i>i7(l.  He  at  once  started  to  ])ractice,  and  was 
for  two  years  associated  with  Mr.  iM'ank  J.  I!ow- 
nuin.  While  with  Mr.  ISowman  he  was  nomi- 
nated in  I.S7.S  for  assistant  i)rosecuting  attorney 
and,  being  elected,  served  for  three  terms.  He 
was  re-elected  for  two  successive  terms,  and 
finally  in  Xovend)er,  IMH),  was  elected  prosecut- 
ing attorney. 

The  fact  that  Mr.  Dii-rkes  secured  re-election 
thrice  and  was  then  eleetfd  to  the  highest  posi- 
tion in  the  olhce  with  which  he  had  been  con- 
nected for  tweh'e  years,  is  best  evidence  of  the 
e.\ce])tionall\-  able  manner  in  which  he  fnlfilU-d 
his  duties.  Through  his  instrumentality  an  im- 
mense amount  of  fraud  has  been  unearthed  and 
the  ])eri)etrators  punished,  and  he  ha.s  long  be- 
come a  terror  to  evil-doers. 

Mr.  Dierkes  is  still  quite  a  voung  man,  ha\- 
iug  nian\-  \ears  of  hard  work  before  him.  His 
elevation  to  the  bench  will  come  as  a  mattc-r  of 
course,  and  it  is  certain  he  will  be  able  to  main- 
lain  the  record  he  has  established  for  himself. 

.Mr.  nierkis  married  in  1X77  Annie  Hccman, 
ot  .St.  I.ouis.  lie  lias  four  children  li\ing, 
M.irit-,  Till\-,  Lisa  anil  Aunii-, 

Calikhn,  |.\mi:.s  Law  uknci-:,  son  of  James 
Law  rence  Calhoun  and  Jane  ^L  (  \'erdier  )  Cal- 
houn, was  born  in  Beaufort,  .South  Carolina, 
January  !'•'),  1S.'>;'>.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon  schools   near   liis   home,    and   sul)se(|neutl\ 


resided  at  Montgomery,  .\labama,  starting  life 
for  himself  in  1>'7;>  in  the  employ  of  the  South- 
ern ICxjjress  Company.  He  has  been  in  the 
express  business  continuously  since,  and  is  now 
considered  an  expert  in  e\ery  branch  of  the  busi- 
ness. After  eight  vears"  connection  with  the 
vSouthern  P^xpress  Com])an\-  lie  resigned  and 
was  appointed  agent  for  the  Adams  E.xpress 
Coml1an^■.  In  IcSiSii  he  was  made  manager  of 
llie  ,Si.  Louis  business,  and  on  Febrnary  1, 1.S9H, 
became  superintendent  of  the  southwestern  di- 
\ision  of  the  comiiany,  with  headquarters  in 
the  Rialto  Building.  He  married  Miss  Kffie  C. 
Moore,  of  Opelika,  Alabama,  in  ISTfS,  and  has 
fi\e  children. 

.Mr.  Calhoun,  Sr.,  died  in  l'H'S7.  Mrs.  Calhoun 
was  of  old  Huguenot  stock,  and  her  ancestors 
were  the  first  settlers  on  the  coast  of  South  Car- 
olina. Mr.  J.  L.  Calhoun  was  very  young  wdien 
jilaced  in  charge  of  the  .\dams  Express  Com- 
jxiny's  office  here,  but  he  has  amply  repaid  the 
confidence  placed  in  him. 

M  I'.NSivMU'RC,  Tiii'.oDoRi-;  .\ . ,  was  born  near 
the  cit>-  of  Cologne,  (ierman\-,  Jul\-  '1>^,  1S4(). 
Voung  Theodore  received  his  education  in  the 
gymnasium  in  Essen,  Prussia,  wliich  he  at- 
tended until  l!^.">ii,  when  he  left  school  to  seek 
his  fortune  in  the  New  World,  making  the  long 
journe\'  alone  from  (rcrmany  to  St.  Louis. 

His  first  wcnk  was  as  axman  in  the  office  of 
Citv  Engineer  Kayser,  which  ofl!ice  he  retained 
until  the  war  broke  out.  He  then  resigned  and 
in  .Ma\ ,  L'^til,  enlisted  in  the  Third  Missouri 
lufautrv,  commanded  b\'  Colonel,  afterward 
(ieneral,  I'ranz  .Sigel.  .Re-enlisted  in  the  Ben- 
ton Hussars,  of  which  he  was  made  second 
lieuleuaul.  He  became  sid)sequeutly  major  and 
colonel. 

.\fter  the  war  he  took  uji  again  his  old  work 
in  the  city  engineer's  department,  and  in  lS(i7 
he  was  ajipoinled  resident  engineer  of  water- 
works at  Bissell's  Point,  holding  the  position 
until  ]•'><!!•,  when  he  accepted  the  position  of 
general  agent  for  the  Helmbaclier  F'orge  S:  Roll- 
ing Mill  Company.  In  \xii  he  organized  the 
St.    Louis    r.olt    .\;     Iron    Works.      In    1S."^1    this 


S14 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  I.OnS. 


company  was  iiicrj^cd  into  tlic  Tudor  Iron  Coni- 
l)aiiv,  known  ijeiierally  as  llu- Tudor  Iron  Works, 
and  Mr.  .Meysenlniri:;  was  elected  president. 

Tlie  coni])any  employs  7.")(»  men,  and  llie  value 
of  its  annual  product  reaches  $2, ()()(),()(»(). 

Colonel  .Meysenbnrsj  married  in  1<H7!I  Mi.ss 
Uucretia  Block,  daui^diter  of  M.  V..  lilock,  of 
this  city. 

Martin,  Ivdwwrd,  son  of  Claudius  and  ^lary 
(Daly)  Martin,  was  born  on  June  !',  l><."ill,  in 
Finlona  parish.  County  Tyrone,  Ireland,  where 
his  father  and  uncle  owned  freehold  farms.  .\s 
the  oldest  son,  Kdward  was  looked  upon  as  the 
natural  successor  to  the  estate,  and  he  was 
educated  in  both  book  learning  and  agriculture 
with  that  end  in  view.  Hut  shortly  after  attain- 
ing his  majority  he  made  up  his  mind  to  cast 
his  fortunes  in  the  New  World,  and  in  l.^^-'n', 
ha\ing  abandoned  his  claim  uncUr  the  laws,  or 
at  least  custom,  of  primogeniture  and  entail,  he 
crossed  the  Atlantic.  He  found  New  York  well- 
nigh  as  crowded  and  unsatisfactory,  from  the 
standpoint  of  an  ambitious  young  man,  as  Ire- 
land, and  he  accordinglv  continued  his  journey 
westward. 

.\t  that  time  Cincinnati  occupied  a  metropoli- 
tan position,  so  far  as  the  West  and  South  are 
concerned,  very  similar  to  that  now  occupied  b\- 
St.  Louis,  and  it  was  in  Ohio's  leading  city  that 
young  Mr.  .Martin  decided  to  cast  his  lot.  His 
first  work  was  as  porter  in  the  wholesale  dry 
goods  establishment  of  Messrs.  James  and  John 
Slevin.  He  proved  a  bright,  hard-working  em- 
.ploye,  and  speedily  advanced  in  the  esteem  of 
the  heads  of  the  firm.  He  was  promoted  with 
considerable  regularity  and  much  rapidity,  and 
by  the  year  1S.').S  had  served  in  well-nigh  every 
dei)artment.  The  frugal  habits  he  had  acquired 
in  Ireland  stood  him  in  good  stead,  and  by  the 
year  named  he  had  accumulated  from  his  sav- 
ings quite  a  neat  little  capital. 

Having  looked  carefully  over  the  ground,  he 
decided  to  engage  in  the  manufacture  of  cloth- 
ing, and,  although  he  had  to  commence  in  a 
small  way,  he  soon  built  up  a  connection  and 
earned  the  reputation  of  being  among  the  largest 


manufacturers  and  wholesalers  iu  the  West. 
ICarly  in  the  si.xties  he  found  slead\-  cmplox  nient 
for  several  hundred  men,  and  his  annual  sales 
exceeded  !<.JO(),()(Kl.  He  found  that  the  bulk 
of  his  trade  came  from  the  West  and  vSonlli,  and 
accordingly,  in  b^iiT,  he  t)])ened  a  branch  house 
in  St.  Louis,  with  a  \iew  to  being  better  located 
as  far  as  the  bulk  of  his  trade  was  concerned. 
His  two  brothers,  Claude  and  John,  who  had 
followed  him  across  the  ocean,  took  charge  of 
the  branch  house;  and  so  rapidK'  did  the  busi- 
ness here  increase,  that  in  1^7;;  Mr.  ICdward 
Martin  nio\e(l  to  .St.  I/iuis  and  established  his 
head([uarters  here. 

The  growth  of  the  house  for  the  next  liflccn 
\ears  was  even  more  rapid  than  that  of  the  cit\- 
in  which  its  fortune  was  cast.  Trax'eling  sales- 
men covered  the  entire  West  and  South,  and 
orders  came  in  with  gratif\ing  speed.  .\  cus- 
tomer secured  was  easilv  retained,  and  the  treat- 
ment accorded  b\-  the  house  was  invariablv 
good.  In  l>i''^'i  .Mr.  lulward  Martin  retired  from 
actixc  business  in  the  clothing  line,  hut  the 
house  is  still  in  ]irosperous  existence  and  is 
known  as  the  .Martin  Clothing  Companx-,  with 
a  brother  of  the  original  founder  as  president. 

Mr.  Ivlward  Martin  is  now  interested  in  breed- 
ing high  grade  horses  in  Illinois,  and  in  stock 
raising  in  Texas.  He  is  a  large  real  estate 
owner  in  St.  Louis,  ami  is  interested  in  a  large 
number  of  important  enlerjirises.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Fair  (irounds  Jocke\  Club  and  of 
other  local  institutions. 

Mr.  Martin  married  in  1n."iN  .Miss  Catherine 
.Maguire,  of  Cincinnati,  antl  his  family  consists 
of  seven  children.  The  eldest  son,  Josejih,  is 
associated  with  the  second  son,  Claudius,  in  an 
extensive  sale  stable  business  (  Martin  brothers); 
Kdward  is  in  the  emi)lo\-of  the  Martin  Clothing 
Compan\-;  John  is  also  a  meml)er  of  the  firm  of 
.Martin  Jirothers,  and  the  youugest's  name  is 
William.  The  two  daughters  are  Agnes  and 
Anna,  now  .Mrs.  Dr.  Robert  O'Reilly. 

^Ir.  Martin  and  family  reside  in  an  elegant 
home  in  the  West  hhid,  and  are  \ery  popular  iu 
societ\-  circles.  The  sons  have  all  inherited 
their  father's  enery  and  integrit}. 


I 


lUOC.R.  II'IIICAL  AI'Pl-.NniX. 


315 


DUACH,  Chari.KS  a.,  son  of  Louis  and  Mary 
(Keller)  Dracli,  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
ill  j.s.li;.  lie  was  educaU'il  at  St.  Xa\ier's  Col- 
lege, Cincinnati,  until  fifteen  years  of  a<^e,  when, 
ha\in<j^  acquired  a  i;;ood  commercial  education, 
he  left  collesje  and  was  apprenticed  to  the  Frank- 
lin 'r\])f  I'onndiN-  (if  Cincinnati.  In  these  early 
(la\s  the  ])roccss  of  electrotypin<;  had  not  been 
(k-\clo])ed,  and  all  matter  was  stereoty])ed  only. 
It  was  duriiit;  .Ml.  Drach's  connection  of  twcKe 
\ears  with  this  firm  that  the  inipro\ed  ])rocess 
of  reproducing  cuts 
and  t\-pe  forms  was 
l)i(iiii;ht  td  pcvlec- 
litin.  In  I. Sli;) Messrs. 
.\.  Zeese  &.  Co.,  of 
Chicago,  offend  him 
a  iKisitimi  in  tlu-ir 
h  o  n  s  c  ,  a  n  d  h  e 
worked  for  three  and 
cme-halt  \ears  lor 
that  firm.  .\l  the 
close  of  the  war  he 
established  a  stereo- 
tvping  and  electro- 
t\])ing  f(inn(lr\-  in 
St.  i^onis,  associat- 
ing himself  with  Mr. 
Slrasslmiger. 

The  ])artnership 
(il  .Mi.s>rs.  niacli  ^c 
Slrassburgcr  con  tin- 
ned lor  abdiil  fi fli'eii 
\(.ars,  and  in  IS'Si' 
Mr.   Drach    fitted    up 

an  eleclrot\])ing  establishment  of  his  own,  under 
the  nameof  Charles  .\.  Drach  ^:  Com])any.  Three 
mouths  were  consumed  in  selecting  and  placing 
iiiachiner\-,and  in  MaiX'li,  1  SSl',  My.  Diacli  upiiu-d 
lor  business  one  of  the  best  ecinijiped  elect  ini\  ping 
and  stereotyping  foundries  in  the  West.  In  i''^!'! 
the  business  was  incorjiorated  under  the  laws  ol 
the  Slate  as  the  Charles  .\.  Drach  b'.lectrotype 
Coin]Kiii\  .  TIk-  head([uarteis  of  the  concern  arc 
in  the  old  ( ilobi.-I  )emocrat  r.nildiug,  on  I'"onrth 
and  Tine  streets.  When  the  ( i/d/n-fhii/drrd/ 
first  besjan  to  illustrate  in  its  columns  the  i.\eiUs 


\ 

\     ^  * 

V 

,^^^  el^^'r^^H 

^ 

^^Kr           — ^'^Pi' 

^^S 

I  ^i 

^m 

I  i 

CMARI.liS   A.  DRACH 


of  the  day,  this  concern  performed  the  mechan- 
ical work  for  the  illustrations.  It  has  one  of  the 
most  extensixe  plants  in  the  L'nited  .States,  and 
its  facilities  for  good  and  rapid  work  are  unex- 
celled. Not  oul\'  does  the  firm  recei\'e  an  im- 
mense amount  of  l)usiness  from  St.  Louis  and 
the  West,  but  it  also  receives  orders  from  large 
ad\-ertisers  and  others  in  the  Kast,  its  ])erfect 
system  enabling  it  to  turn  out  the  best  work 
promptly. 

Mr.  Drach,  while  giving  his  full  attention  to 

business  has  devoted 
considerable  time  to 
the  affairs  of  the 
A.O.r.W.,  the  Le- 
gion of  Honor  and 
the  Knights  of 
Pythias. 

.Mr.  Drach  mar- 
ried in  1  'S  .')S  Miss 
.Amelia  IIul>er,  of 
Cincinnati.  He  has 
t  w  <_>  d  a  u  g  h  t  e  r  s  , 
I'- m  m  a  ,  now  Mrs. 
Herthel,  and  Carrie. 

.Ai.'P,   .\i>()i.i-\   son 
of     Doctt)r    Dettmar 
. v. and  Mary  (  Ivwald  ) 
.\!t,    was    born    in 
Mannheim,     liaden, 
(iermany,     .\ugust 
K'>.    lf>.'>l.      He   was 
educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  and  the 
local    L\ceiun.      Later  on  he  entered  the  I'lcdo- 
goginm    of    Xiesky,    Prussia,   and   sub.^iequently 
graduated  at  Karlsruhe. 

In  the  fall  of  l-sill'  he  entered  the  fniversity 
of  Heidelberg,  and  at  the  close  of  the  h'ranco- 
C.erman  war  completed  his  course  and  on  March 
l',  iS7."i,  passed  the  state  examination  at  Heidel- 
berg, and  thus  was  admitted  tt)  practice. 

In  .\ngnst,  1>S7."),  with  Dr.  Hermann  Knapj), 
of  New  \'ork,  as  his  assistant,  he  came  to  Amer- 
ica, aiul  he  was  then  appointed  house  surgeon 
to  the  New  York  Ophthalmic  and  Oral  Institute, 


:;i(i 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   l.OUIS. 


where  lie  ronKiiiR-d  until  Jiil>  ,  l'"^77,  wlu-ii  lu' 
iii()\C(l  to  'rmouto,  Canada.  In  Xovenihcr, 
l.SKO,  Dr.  .Vk  came  to  St.  Loui.-^.  He  took  a 
prominent  part  in  the  orjjanization  of  the  Beau- 
mont Hospital  Medical  College,  in  which  he 
held  the  chair  of  ophthalmology  and  otology 
and  jxUhological  anatomy,  during  the  first  ses- 
.sion.  He  is  also  consulting  oculist  for  the  City 
Ho.spitals,  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railway  .System, 
Alexian  IJrothers'  Hospital  and  a  number  of 
other  institutions.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
St.  Louis  Medical  and  Missouri  State  Medical 
Societies;  of  the  American  ( )plnhalm()l()gical  and 
Otological,  Crernian  Medical  and  .Microscopical 
Societies;  of  the  .\cademy  of  Science,  the  Auieri- 
can  .Academy  of  Medicine,  the  National  Associ- 
ation of  Railway  Surgeons  and  other  societies. 

The  doctor  married  in  the  year  isyii  ^fiss 
Helena  15.  Honghtling,  daughter  of  Dr.  I)a\id 
Houghtling,  of  Holle\-,  New  York.  He  has 
one  .son,  twelve  years  of  age,  a  remarkably 
bright  and  intelligent  boy. 

Anx.w,  Thomas  I!.,  was  born  in  St.  Ivouis, 
Missouri,  December  :^0,  l.s;iii.  He  was  the  son 
of  .\.  P.  and  Mary  ( Beatty  )  Annan.  His  edu- 
cation was  olitaiued  in  the  public  schools  and 
the  High  School  of  this  cit\-.  After  lea\ing 
school  he  became  an  articled  student  with  the 
late  Mr.  Thomas  Walsh,  the  well-known  archi- 
tect, until  the  beginning  of  the  war. 

When  the  war  ended  Mr.  Annan  took  a  posi- 
tion with  Mr.  I.  Barnett,  remaining  with  him 
until  b'^TO,  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
Major  Francis  D.  Lee,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Lee  &  Annan.  This  partnership  continued  for 
six  years,  and  was  dis.solved  in  ISTfl. 

Since  that  time  Mr.  Annan  has  been  in 
business  alone.  He  has  executed  some  very 
important  comuiissions  for  designing  and  con- 
structing buildings,  including  the  present  Mer- 
chants" Kxchange,  the  Boatmen's  Bank  Building, 
and  the  Samuel  Cupples  magnificent  new  resi- 
dence on  West  Pine  street. 

For  two  years  Mr.  Annan  was  the  instructor 
of  the  class  in  architecture  in  Washington  Uni- 
versity.    He  was  married  in  18(>;>  to  Miss  Vic- 


torine  .Scofield,  of  St.  Louis,  dauglUer  of  Ivlias 
Scofield,  ol  Clinton,  .Michigan.  They  ha\e  five 
children,  S\l\esler  I'.,  b'annx-  A.  (now  .Mrs. 
Charles  Robin.soi»),J. Paul, Ruth  P..  and  .MliedH. 

.\i'Ki\,S()\,  M.I).,  R(ii',i:k'i"  Chii.tox,  was  born 
at  Smithfield,  X'irginia,  October;!,  1S41.  His 
father  was  .Vrchibald  .\tkinson,  member  of  Con- 
gress under  the  administration  of  President  Polk, 
and  his  mother's  maiden  name  was  Llizabeth 
P.  Chilton. 

He  attended  the  Smithfield  .\cadem\-  at  a  \'er\- 
earl}'  age,  entering  the  L\  nchburg  College  and 
the  William  and  Mary  College  later. 

(  )n  the  oi)ening  of  the  war  he  joined  the  Con- 
federacy, and  became  second  lieutenant  in  the 
Provisional  Army  of  \'irginia.  .\fter  the  war 
he  entered  first  the  medical  department  of  the 
l'ni\-ersity  of  \'irginia,  and  next  the  medical 
department  of  the  Tulane  rni\-ersit\-  at  Xew 
Orleans,  Ivouisiana,  where  he  applied  himself 
\'ery  industrioush',  receix'ing  the  degree  of  doc- 
tor of  medicine.  He  innnediateh-  came  to  ,St. 
Louis  and  established  himself  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness. Then,  after  a  course  at  the  St.  I^ouis 
Aledical  College,  he  entered  into  the  practice  of 
his  profession.  .Sliorlly  after  becoming  estab- 
lished he  was  apjiointed  physician  in  the  City 
Hospital,  which  he  held  up  to  the  year  bS72. 

In  LSN!'  and  b^'.'O  he  attended  the  polyclinic 
schools  of  Xew  York.  Since  then  he  has  been 
identified  with  the  .Marion-Sims  .Medical  College, 
and  was  for  three  years  a  mem1)er  of  the  Public 
vScliool  P>oard,  and  chairman  of  the  committee 
on  teachers. 

He  was  also  for  three  years  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Health,  and  resigned  to  accept  a  mem- 
bership on  the  State  Board  of  Health,  of  which 
he  was  elected  secretar\-.  The  Doctor  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  St.  IvOuis  and  the  .Mississippi  \'alle)- 
Medical  .Associations,  .American  Medical  Society 
and  .American   I^ublic  Health  .Association. 

He  was  married  on  February  i'^,  l.S7.">,  to 
Miss  ■Mary  P.ull,  daughter  of  John  C.  liull. 
Thev  ha\"e  two  children,  Miss  Mary,  attending 
a  private  school,  and  Alaster  Chilton,  a  student 
in  the  Alanual  Training  School. 


A'/r y;a'.  ii'iin :  //.  .  //'/>/•;. w/.v. 


517 


Mak.siiai.i.,  W'li.i.iAM  C,  son  of  Tlionias  A. 
and  Letitial  Miller)  .Maisliall,  was  ])()ni  in  \"icks- 
btiro;,  Mississi]-)]ii,  Xoveinbtr  lo,  lrS4.S.  After 
speiidiuij  a  few  \ears  in  tlie  ])nblic  schools  of 
X'icksljur.i^,  he  atlendecl  the  I'niversity  of  Mis- 
sissippi, and  sid)seqiientl\-  the  Uni\-ei"sil\  ol 
X'irs^-inia,  grachiating-  witli  honors  in  the  law 
department  of  the  lallei  in  ISll'.i.  ]-!\en  in  liis 
colles^iate  da\s  Mr.  Marsliall  <ra\'e  <^rcat  e\i- 
dence  of  histrionic  al)ilitv,  and  he  was  selected 
as  orator  of  tlie  \\'ashinL;ton  Societ\'  of  the  Tni- 
\ersit\-  of  X'iroinia  in  his  _y;radnatin_y;  \ear. 

Ininiediateh-  on  atlainins;-  his  niajorit\-,  in 
\o\'eniher,  I'^i'i'.i,  1r-  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
\"ieksbnrt;,  Mississippi,  and  two  months  later  he 
came  to  St.  l^onis  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
here  in  January,  INTO.  He  at  once  went  into 
practice  as  an  attorney ,  and  tor  ten  years  was  in 
partnership  with  Jud.ije  Shepard  Barcla\ ,  the 
partnership  of  .Marshall  &  Barclay  bein"'  dis- 
solved in  \>^><->,  on  the  election  of  the  latter  to 
the  Circuit  bineh. 

Mr.  Marshall's  success  as  a  lawyer  lias  been 
marked,  and  se\era]  of  his  opinions  ha\e  been 
sidijected  to  the  se\X'rest  tests  with  almost  nn- 
\ar\int;  indorsements,  and  wluii  in  Ma\  ,  is'.ij, 
-Mr.  .Marshall  was  ap])ointed  cit\'  counselor,  the 
ap])()intment  was  jirouiptK-  confirmed  bv  the 
Council,  nuanbers  of  both  political  jiarlies  re- 
j^ardinj.;  the  appointee  as  the  best  man  it  was 
])ossil)le  to  select  for  a  position  invoh  inj.;  such 
<j;rave  responsibilities.  .Mr.  Marshall  has  ])roved 
as  j^reat  a  success  as  a  city  official  as  in  ])ri\ate 
practice,  and  he  has  succeeded  not  onl\-  in  effect- 
in<j  a  lary;e  nuud)er  of  reforms,  but  also  in  ])ro- 
tectiui;  the  city's  interests  in  a  \'ariet\'  ot  ways 
j^reatK   to  its  benefit. 

TIr'  talented  city  counselor  has  been  an  act- 
ive' politician  almost  from  bo\hood.  Me  took 
an  aeti\e  part  in  the  campai<;n  in  Mississijipi  in 
the  fall  of  l.S(i!),and  after  locatinj^  here  he  or<jan- 
ized  the  \'ouniL^  Men's  Democratic  .\ssociation, 
assisted  in  tlie  work  b\  Mr.  Janus  I,.  Carlisle, 
now  I'ostmaster.  Mi",  Marshall  was  first  presi- 
dent of  ihe  association,  and  tilled  the  posi- 
tion tor  twti  terms,  beiiij;  also  chairman  of  the 
executive    committee.       He    ha.s    continued    an 


acti\e  mendjer  of  the  organization,  which  has 
pro\ed  of  ji^reat  serxdce  to  his  party  in  several 
camjiais^ns,  both  mnnici])al  and  national.  Mr. 
Marshall  has  also  Ijeen  treasurer  of  the  State 
liar  Association  since  I)ecend)er,   I^^sl. 

^Ir.  Marshall  has  found  sufficient  leisure  from 
his  nnmerou.s  legal  duties  to  take  an  interest  in 
the  affairs  of  the  Legion  of  Honor  and  the 
Knights  of  Pythias,  of  both  of  which  he  is  an 
acti\e  mendjer. 

He  married  Miss  Kate  M.  Keading,  and  has 
two  cliildren  li\-ing,  Katherine  ^Marguerite 
(  I)ais\'  )  and  betitia  lyove. 

Di'lcxAX,  Patrick  H.,  son  of  Michael  and 
.Vnn  (  Crow )  Degnan,  was  born  in  Ireland  in 
\X->1.  In  1<S47  an  uncle  of  his  deciding  to 
locate  in  .\merica,  he  accompanied  him  tt)  this 
country  and  at  once  found  employment  as  an 
errand-boy  in  the  Cortlandt  Hotel  of  New  York. 
.\fter  working  in  \arious  cities  he  located 
at  .Mton,  Illinois,  and  apprenticed  himself  to 
Mr,  M.  \V.  Carroll,  a  harness  and  saddle- 
maker.  Sid)sequeutl\'  mo\-ing  to  Tipton,  Mis- 
souri, which  was  then  the  terminus  of  the 
.Missouri  Pacific  Railro.id,  he  ])nrchascd  the 
business  of  .Schmit  (^c  Shackelford,  which  he 
successfnlh-  conducted  for  si.\  \ears. 

In  I''ebrnar\-,  INiM,  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  and 
associating  himself  with  Messrs.  P.  Burns  and 
J .  !•'.  Dunn  organized  the  firm  of  Burns,  Degnan  ^ 
Coiniiany.  In  ISCii  Mr.  Dunn  withdrew  and  the 
firm  became  Burns  X;  Degnan,  and  about  the  same 
time  -Mr.  Degnan  went  to  Litchfield,  Illinois, 
where  he  established  a  branch  house  for  the  firm 
and  ran  it  very  successfully  for  three  years, 
when  he  acce]Hed  a  favorable  offer,  sold  out  the 
branch  and  returned  to  take  an  active  jiart  in 
the  management  of  the  business  alreadv  estab- 
lished in  >Si.  Louis.  In  li^'SJ  Mr.  Degnan  pur- 
chased the  interest  o(  his  partner,  Mr.  Burns, 
and  organized  the  firm  of  Degnan  .S:  .Maginnis. 
In  !>>?<•!  the  business  was  incorj^orated.  Mr. 
Degnan  has  achiexed  success  in  life  with  \'er\- 
little  backing  and  with  very  few  opportunities. 
He  is  a  Democrat,  but  his  reputation  for  integ- 
rity is  so  high  that   he  was  appointed  president 


MS 


(>/./'>  .i.\7>  .v/:ir  sv.  /.Of  vs. 


of  tlio  Miillaii])li\  IJoani  1)\  Maxoi  lv\vin<;,  a 
staunch  Republican,  lioldiu;^  llic  position  for 
four  years,   from    1HX2  to   LSSi;. 

Mr.  I)e<!;nan  was  niarrietl  in  \StU>  to  Miss 
Theresa  Mnlliolhuul,  dauii^hter  of  a  fanner  of 
IJtchfield,  Illinois.  Mrs.  l)e<!;nau  died  in  ISTli, 
leavintj  five  cliildren,  of  whom  lliree  are  still 
livini,^  Tiie  oldest,  Olive,  is  now  iSIrs.  Dr. 
Harllett,  of  vSprinjjfield,  Missouri;  Joseph  is  now 
traveliu.a:  for  the  house,  and  the  younti^est, 
I-'mmetl,    is  now  at   college. 

IlAMMiri"!',    Ul'.XJAMIX    h'kA  X  K  I.I  X. IJotll    the 

father  and  mother  of  Mr.  Ilammett  were  Keii- 
tuckians,  and  belonged  to  two  of  the  best  fami- 
lies of  that  .State.  His  father  was  Jose])h  .M. 
flammett,  and  his  molher's  maiden  name  was 
Mary  Millsaj).  Shortlv  after  the  marriage  of 
the  parents  they  emigrated  to  Mi.ssouri,  the 
journey  taking  place  in  1H28,  but  seven  years 
after  Missouri's  admission   to  statehood. 

They  settled  three  miles  west  of  Huntsxille, 
Kandolph  covintN',  where  Mr.  Hammett  j^ur- 
clia.sed  a  farm.  Benjamin  I^".  was  born  Februar\- 
I  I,  IS  12,  and  spent  his  boyhood  on  tlie  farm, 
attending  the  common  school  in  tlie  winter. 
After  his  coifimon  school  education  was  finished 
he  entered  .Mt.  Pleasant  College,  at  Hnntsxille, 
from  winch  institution  he  gradiuited  with  high 
lionors  in  ISt!.''!.  His  college  course  was  inter- 
rupted by  the  civil  war,  for,  true  to  his  educa- 
tion and  sentiments,  he  espoused  the  cause  of 
the  South,  and  enlisted  with  (rcueral  Price. 

After  lea\dng  college  he  returned  to  the  old 
farm,  remaining  there  until  l^siis.  On  Febru- 
ary 2d  of  this  year  he  married  Miss  Mary  S. 
Penny,  daughter  of  John  H.  Penuv,  a  large 
farmer  and  stock  raiser.  This  union  has  re- 
sulted in  the  birth  of  three  children  —  (ruy,  the 
only  daughter,  who  is  now  the  wife  of  James  C. 
Davis,  a  prominent  attorney  of  St.  Joseph,  Mis- 
souri; Ren  Forrest,  and  Paul,  who  is  now  tak- 
ing a  course  at  the  Fleet  Military  College  at 
Mexico,  Missouri.  Both  are  young  men  of  ex- 
ceptional mental  brightness,  and  have  a  brilliant 
future  before  them. 

Shortly    after    his    marriage    Mr.    Hammett 


bought  a  large  farm  near  that  of  his  fatlu  i,  and 
embarked  in  agriculture  and  stock  raisini;  on 
his  own  account.  In  1>»7.')  Ik-  coucluded  Lo 
leave  and  become  a  partner  in  the  banking  firm 
of  J.  M.  Hammett  X;  Com]Kiuy,  at  Huuts\ille. 
He  acted  as  cashier  of  this  bank  for  a  number 
of  years,  and  is  still  a  director  of  the  institution. 

In  1S77  (io\-ernor  Phelj^s  appointed  Mr. 
Ilamiiult  t()l)acco  inspector  of  the  .State,  and 
the  duties  of  his  office  called  him  to  .St.  Louis. 
He  entered  into  the  real  estate  business  in  a 
small  wa\-  in  l!^7!i,  renting  desk  room  in  a  build- 
ing near  where  the  Laclede  Hotel  now  stands. 
The  real  estate  business  was  then  in  its  begin- 
ning, and  Mr.  Hammett  was  the  first  man  to  buv 
and  subdivide  acreage  ]5ropert\'.  Since  he  first 
began  the  business  he  has  handled  o\-er  twenl\- 
different  di\'isi(jns,  amounting  to  (ilKl  or  7(K>  acres. 

In  1.S.S2  Mr.  Hammett  formed  a  partnership 
with  J<ihn  R.  Christian,  the  attorney.  In  IMi^'i 
.Mr.  Christian  retired,  and  in  LSSS  the  corpora- 
tion known  as  the  Hammett-.\nderson-\\'ade 
Real  F'state  Company  was  organized,  with  I'>.  P". 
Hammett  as  j^resident,  and  since  its  organization 
its  business  has  continualK  increased  and  the 
scope  of  its  deals  conslantl\  widened.  The 
firm  does  a  business  of  buving,  subdi\idiug,  sell- 
ing, leasing  real  i)ro]ierl\-,  and  collecting   rents. 

Mr.  Hammett  is  de\'oted  to  commercial  and 
Inisiuess  interests,  and  has  in  no  case  dabbled 
in  politics  or  sought  aiu'  office,  yet,  recoguiziiiL; 
his  efificiencv  and  merit,  (io\ernor  PVancis,  in 
L'^l^!',  a]i]">ointed  him  as  police  commissioner  of 
St.  I^onis.  He,  howe\'er,  holds  a  great  mau\- 
ofhces  in  man\'  commercial  and  financial  insti- 
tutions. He  is  a  director  of  the  Mississippi 
\'alley  Trust  Company  ;  president  of  the  Center 
Creek  Mining  Comjjany,  a  companx"  engaged  in 
lead  and  zinc  mining  at  Webb  City,  Missouri; 
is  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Laclede  Land 
and  Im]irovement  Comjianv,  a  corporation  which 
owns  1  4.">,<  too  acres  of  laud  in  Rexnolds  connt\', 
?*Iissouri.  He  is  a  uiember  of  both  the  St.  I^ouis 
and  Mercantile  clubs,  and  was  a  moving  spirit 
in  the  promotion  of  the  scheme  to  build  the  new 
:>2, 000, ()()()  Planters'  House,  being  one  of  the 
heaviest  stockholders  in  that  company. 


'^S-J/^^^^c^,^^ 


niOGR.  II'IIICAI.  APPF.XniX. 


:no 


ISi.oSSoM,  IIi':nk\'  M.,  son  of  Riifus  and  Tirzali 
ISIossoni,  both  meinl)ers  of  Massacliuselts   fam- 
ilies, was  l)oni  in  Madison,  Xew  York,  in  the  year 
IS.'i;').      Ill-  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
New  York,  and  when  in  the  year  1852  his  fani- 
ilv  moved  west,  he  secured  a  position  as  clerk  on 
the  I'olar  S/ai\  a  steamboat  runnino;  on  the  Mis- 
s<inri  ri\er.      This  was  at  the  time  that  St.  Louis 
was  known  as  one  of  the  first  river  cities  in  the 
countr\-,  and  before  railroads  had  begun  to  com- 
]5ete  for  trade.     Hundreds  of  steamers  were  arri\- 
int;'  at   and    startins^ 
ixom  .St.  Louis  daily, 
and   the  le\'ee  was  a 
scene  of  j^reat  bustle 
and  acti\it\'. 

The  Polar  Slar 
was    a    ])  ro  ui  i  n  e  u  t 

steamer,   and    Harry  ;:. 

]}lossom,  as  the 
\()nn!^  man  was  al- 
wa\s  called,  became 
\er\-  jiopular  as  its 
clerk.  After  serving 
for  eight  years,  first 
on  the  Polar  Star -AwiS. 
laUr  on  the  Hiawa- 
llia ^  \ Dung  Mr.  Hlos- 
som  secured  employ- 
nuiil  in  the  cit\  ,  the 
ontl)reak  of  the  war 
haxing  put  a  sto])  to 
the  bulk  of  the  ri\-er 
tralTic.  He  identi- 
fied himself  with  fire 
and  marine  insurance,  soon  earning  the  reputa- 
tion of  being  an  exjiert  in  this  work.  He  is 
now  the  head  of  the  firm  of  H.  M.  Hlossom  «S: 
Com]iau\',  one  of  the  first  insurance  offices  in 
the  cil\-. 

I'cw  men  lia\c  devoted  more  lime  and  alUu- 
lion  to  their  business  than  this  gentleman,  bul 
he  has  not  allowed  his  zeal  to  make  him  selfish 
and  Ik-  has  ilevoted  his  surplus  energy  to  relig- 
ious and  social  mo\ements  t)f  importance.  I'or 
twenl\  years  he  lias  been  an  elder  and  trustee  of 
the  First  I'resbyterian  Church,  and  has  been  the 


MtlNRV   M.  m.O.S.SDM. 


directing  genius  of  the  choir — an  exceptionally 
a1)le  one — during  all  that  time  and  for  some  years 
previously.  He  is  a  ])0]iular  member  of  the  St. 
Louis  and  Mercantile  clubs,  and  was  one  of  the 
origiiKil  members  of  the  Noonday  Club. 

Nearh-  forty  years  ago  Mr.  Blossom  married 
Miss  Susan  Brigham,  of  ]\ladison.  New  York,  a 
\ouiig  lad\'  to  whom  he  had  become  attached 
before  he  cast  his  fortunes  in  the  West.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Blossom  have  fi\e  children,  three  bo>s  and 
two  girls.     The  senior  member  of  tlie  firm  of  H. 

M.  Blossom  &  Com- 
pany is  now,  at  the 
age  of  sixty,  in  the 
eiijox'inent  of  vigor- 
ous health  and  is  re- 
garded as  one  of  the 
most  active  and  use- 
ful professional  men 
inthecitv.  Tliefam- 
il\-  resides  at  ^.'^20 
Pine  street. 

Niics,  John  A., 
was  born  in  Stock- 
h  a  u  s  en  ,  Hesse- 
I)  a  r  111  s  t  a  d  t ,  Ger- 
mauy,  December  ;>, 
1^(27.  He  received 
a  \ery  good  common 
school  education  in 
the  schools  of  his 
iiatiw  town,  after 
which  he  was  ap- 
prenticed to  a  tailor. 
Nine  years  later,  on  Marcli  10,  1S.")(),  he  embarked 
on  the  I'"reiich  steamer /•VVi'^'j-  for  America.  After 
a  short  stay  at  New  Orleans  he  started  up  the 
river  to  join  the  large  colony  of  liis  countrymen 
already  located  here.  He  reached  St.  Louis  on 
Ma\'  "'ill,  just  fiftv-si.x  da\s  from  llie  lime  he 
left  the  luiropean  port. 

He  worked  at  his  trade  for  two  years  and 
opened  an  establishment  of  his  own  in  I.S.'il',  at 
Sl()  Market  street.  Here  he  remained  about  a 
year  and  then  moved  to  a  sliop  in  block  adjoin- 
ing, where  he  did  business  until  March  L"),  1  !>.").'), 


:!•_'(> 


Ol.n  AND  NI-:\V  ST.   LOUIS. 


wlicii  1r-  luovc-d  lo  ^\\  .Market  street  and  lias 
there  rcinained  ever  since.  Mr.  Niesisa  ineinlKr 
of  the  Masonic  order,  in  lii<;li  standini;:,  being  a 
Master  Mason  and  nienil)cr  of  Irwin  Lodge,  No. 
121,  with  wliicli  lie  has  been  connected  since 
1S(>7.  In  1''^.">l'  lie  married  Miss  lukeiiliorst,  of 
this  city.  They  have  had  twelve  children,  eight 
of  whom,  four  sons  and  four  daughters,  are  li\- 
ing.  Two  of  the  .sons  and  two  of  tlie  daughters 
are  married. 

Mr.  Xies  is  a  self-made  man.  Outside  of  his 
merchant  tailoring  shoj),  which  is  an  establish- 
meul  of  ciinsiderable  importance,  ^Ir.  Xies  has 
monev  invested  in  real  estate.  He  takes  a  deep 
interest  in  i>ublic  affairs,  and  is  devotedly 
attached  to  his  adopted  city. 

IIiCRTHi-;!.,  .Inoi.i'ii,  the  son  of  Nicholas  and 
Barbara  (  \'oItz  )  Hcrthel,  was  born  in  St.  f^ouis, 
October  "J. "•,  1S47.  His  education  was  ol)tained 
in  the  public  schools,  and  after  passing  the 
various  grades,  from  the  primary  to  the  Higli 
School,  he  became  a  grocer's  clerk,  and  con- 
tinued as  such  tlinmgli  I  Si;;;  and  part  of  1S()4. 
In  l.S{)4  he  entered  tiie  (ierman  Sa\ings  Insti- 
tution as  collector,  remaining  in  the  emplo\nient 
of  that  iuslilution  for  eight  years,  during  which 
time  he  rose  to  the  position  of  teller.  At  the 
end  of  that  service  he  visited  Europe,  and  ujjon 
his  return  to  .St.  Ivouis  he  obtained  the  position 
of  teller  in  the  Union  ,Sa\iugs  As.sociation,  l)eing 
advanced  to  the  position  of  cashier,  which  he 
held  until  1  -SN^.  He  then  retired  from  that  bank 
and  remained  out  of  business  eighteen  months. 

He  was  ne.xt  appointed  teller  in  the  Inter- 
national Bank,  but  after  three  years  resigned  on 
account  of  ill-health  and  went  to  Denver,  Colo- 
rado. Returning  to  ^t.  Ivouis,  and  upon  the 
death  of  William  C.  Lange,  president  of  the 
International  Bank,  he  re-entered  its  service  as 
cashier  in  Februaiy,  lH8(i.  He  married  in  LST") 
Miss  Minnie  Mincke,  of  St.  Louis,  daughter  of 
George  .Mincke,  an  old  and  well-known  citizen, 
and  has  one  child,  Laura. 

When  Mr.  Herthel  entered  for  the  .second 
time  the  employment  of  the  International  Bank, 
its  financial   condition    was  bad,    but  bv  eio^ht 


years"  hard  wmk  and  iutelligcnl  manageUKut, 
the  bank  has  been  placed  nn  a  lc\el  with  the 
most  solid  institutions  of  tiie  cit\'.  To  Cashier 
Herthel  great  credit  is  due  for  the  existing  state 
of  circumstances, and  he  has  well  earned  his  repu- 
tation as  oiK'  of  the  ablest  financiers  of  St.   I.ouis. 

L\\cii,  Oi'.oKCi':  .\.,  was  boiii  in  St.  Charles, 
Mis.souri,  No\eml)er  ;>(•,  1S-J4,  wIkii  St.  Charles 
was  moi-e  important  and  larger  than  .St.  Louis. 
His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Catherine  .Sau- 
cier. In  1S2!I  the  family  moved  to  .St.  Louis,  in 
which  town  Oeorge  was  educated  at  the  piil)lic 
schoi)ls  and  the  unisersitw  lie  subse(|uenth' 
took  a  course  of  stud\-  at  .St.  Charles  College 
and  at  a  jjrivate  school  in  ,Si.  Louis. 

.Shortly  after  he  cauK-  lionie  he  went  to  work 
in  his  lather's  furniture  and  undertaking  sho]), 
then  located  at  the  corner  of  \'ine  and  St. 
Charles  streets.  He  remained  witli  his  father 
until  IHT)!^,  when  he  succeeded  to  the  business, 
having  {ox  his  partner  for  two  \  lars  his  brother, 
William,  who  was  killed  in  llie  (iasconade  rail- 
road wreck  in  1  >!.">."). 

In  1N()4  the  business  was  moved  from  I'iflh, 
between  01i\e  and  Locust,  to  UON  01i\e.  An- 
other change  was  sought  in  IST'.i,  when  the 
business  was  located  at  Kio.s  ( )li\x".  In  issd 
he  was  again  compelled  to  seek  nune  room 
at  1  :^1(>  Olive,  where  it  now  remains.  Besides 
his  undertaking  business  Mr.  Lynch  is  also  a 
partner  of  .Mr.  R.  R.  Scott,  and  together  they 
carry  on  a  H\er\-  business  at  114  Elm  street, 
under  the  firm  name  of  Scott  &  L>nch. 

Mr.  L\nch  has  been  married  twice.  His  first 
wife  was  .Miss  .\iina  C.  McGo\'ern,  of  this  cit\', 
to  whom  he  was  married  Ma\'  i^,  l^i4!l.  .Six- 
children  were  the  fruit  of  this  union;  three  of 
them  were  boys  and  three  were  girls,  but  only 
one,  George  M.,  is  now  living.  Mrs.  L>nch 
died  in  May,  the  same  month  in  which  she  was 
married,  in  li^fio.  Se\'eral  vears  after  the  death 
of  his  first  wife  .Mr.  I.,ynch  married  again. 
Miss  Charlotte  Fidler,  of  .St.  Louis,  was  the  lad\- 
who  became  his  wife.  To  them  eleven  children 
have  been  born,  six  girls  and  fi\e  boys.  .Ml  are 
li\in":  but  two  bovs  and  two  girls. 


nn n.RAi'iiit .  /  /.  .  / f'ri-:xi >/.\: 


:52i 


Imshkk,  Clevks  S.,  whose  picture  is  q;ivcii 
(III  tliis  ixi.Lje,  was  one  of  tlie  most  promising; 
\-()nn.<;-  business  men  of  St.  Louis  at  ilie  time  of 
his  sudden  deatli,  wliicli  occurred  on  tlie  4th  ol 
December,  ISIH.  He  died  at  the  age  of  twenlx- 
five  years,  in  llie  \i)uth  of  liis  courasjeous  man- 


upon  arri\-inj^  at  iiis  majority  he  was  admitted 
Id  full  ])artnershi])  in  the  concern.  It  was  only 
al)cint  a  \ear  afterwards,  on  tlie  lUih  of  August, 
l>iM7,  when  Mr.  Cle\'es  S.  Im^Irt  married  Miss 
I(hi  .M.  Francis,  of  Bunker  Hill,  Illinois.  His 
zeal  for  business  then  became  greater  than  ever, 


hdiid,  admired   b\-  a  large  circle  of  social  friends      but   his   health    ga\-e   way  under   conslant   close 


and  much  esteemed  by  the  business  community, 
among  whom,  \'ouiig  as  he  was,  he  had  already 
attained  much  jiniminence  b\'  marked  lidelity 
to  the  interests  he  represented,  au<l  l)y  his  far- 
sighted  and  exce])- 
tional  1\-  successful 
iiueslments  in  real 
properl\ .  He  had 
actjuired  such  prom- 
inence among  i  li  e 
real  estate  frater- 
nity,  that, shortly  be- 
fore his  death,  he 
was  classed  among 
t  h  e  most  brilliant 
real  estate  operators 
in  the  city. 

He  was  born  in 
Mattoon,  Illinois, 
.March  lH,  isiii;,  his 
parents  being  S.  J. 
iMsher  and  Alice  S. 
iMsher,  of  St.  Louis, 
Ills  mother  being  a 
gia  Hilda  11  l;  liter  of 
the  ceKl)rated  jurist, 
Judge  John  Cleves 
Symmes,  for   whom 

the  su1)ject  of  this  sketch  was  named.  The 
young  man  had  an  admirable  phvsique,  an 
active  l)rain  and  that  generosity  of  heart  born 
of  a  noble  lineage  that  characterized  him  in 
all  his  walks  of  life.  He  received  a  liberal 
education   in    St.    Ltiuis,   and   while    vet    a    b.>\ 


CLEVES    S.    FISHER. 


Cdiifiiieiiient  and  overwork,  and  in  November, 
L'^f^li,  while  recuperating  at  Hot  Springs,  Ar- 
kansas, he  was  attacked  with  ;i  violent  hemor- 
rhage of  the  lungs.      His  indulgent  father,  being 

advised  of  the  crit- 
ical condition  of  his 
scm,  c  h  a  rt  e  re  d  a 
special  train  and 
went  to  his  relief 
w  i  I  h  two  eminent 
physicians  from  St. 
Louis. 

The  sufferer  ral- 
lied, and  tluring  the 
following  two  \ears 
he  traveled  through 
the  South  and  ^lex- 
ico  to  recover  from 
his  lung  troubles. 
He  had  recuperated 
from  that  difliculty 
almost  conipletel\- 
and  was  commenc- 
ing to  attend  to  busi- 
ness affairs  again 
when,  on  December 
4  ,  1  S !l  1  ,  he  was 
stricken  with  peri- 
tonitis and  died  in  a  few  days,  leaving  his  widow 
with  one  son  two  years  old;  three  weeks  later  a 
second  son  of  the  departed  father  was  born. 
The  remains  of  Mr.  Cleves  S.  Fisher  repose  in 
I'.ellefontaine  cemetery,  in  a  place  especially 
prepared,  a  spacious,  magnilicent  tomb,  one  of 


he   manifested   such   a   liking   for   business  that      the  most  unique  and  costly   habitations  of  the 

at     the    age  of     se\eineeii     years     he     engaged      dead  to  be  .seen  in  thai  vast  and   silent  cit\  . 
with  the   linn    of     iMsher   .S:    Conqiaiu  ,    in    the 


real  estate  business,  and  de\elopi'd  such  coiu- 
preheiision  and  excellent  tact  in  the  application 
ol  his  rare  faculties  in    his    clu)seii   pursuit,  that 


Dki-.M.MOM),  jAMi-.s  T.,  forty-five  years  ago, 
before  there  was  a  steam  locomotive  in  this 
Stale,   lived  in    the   western   jxirt  of  St.  Charles 


21 


OI.I1  Axn  .\i:w  ST.  unis. 


cuiiiUv  ,  Missouri,  la-ar  tht.-  liuk-  \iila.i;c  ot  Mini 
Hill.  He  was  a  mere  boy  at  the  time  and  livid 
in  an  unpretentious  lo<j  dwcllin.ij  occupied  l)y 
liis  father  and  family.  Mr.  Drummond  had  his 
start,  if  such  it  may  be  called,  in  that  vicinity, 
althoui^h  lie  is  exceedingly  proud  of  tlie  fact  that 
he  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  in  which  city  his 
parents,  Mr.  Harrison  and  .Mrs.  l^lizabctli  (  Wil- 
kins)  Druumiond   resided  during;  the  thirties. 

It  was  on  November  21,  l.S.i;,  tliat  he  fir.st 
saw  the  lijjht,  and  he  was  still  an  infant  when 
the  family  moved  into  St.  Charles  county.  As 
he  grew  into  boxhood,  Mr.  Drunnnond's  facili- 
ties for  obtaininij  an  education  were  limited  to 
tiie  conutr\'  log  school-house,  and  e\'en  this  was 
open  during  the  three  winter  mouths  only.  The 
house  was  constructed  of  logs,  with  a  "  writing 
bench"  extending  along  the  wall  the  entire 
length  of  the  building,  with  one  log  cut  out  just 
abo\'e  the  bench,  and  •'^\U>  glass  inserted  as  a 
window  to  give  light.  He  had  to  walk  from  two 
to  three  luilesto  reach  the  school-house  from  his 
liouie,  and  a  like  distance  to  return.  Before 
sunrise  he  was  requii^ed  to  cut  wood,  water  and 
feed  the  stock,  and  then  with  a  piece  of  corn 
bread  and  a  slice  of  bacon  for  his  luncheon,  he 
would  start  on  the  road — nian\'  times  through 
rain,  sleet  and  snow — to  the  school-house.  He 
would  return  hoiue  late  in  the  evening  to  per- 
form similar  duties.  In  the  other  mouths  of  the 
year  he  was  required  to  ]ilant,  hoe  and  plow  and 
gather  corn  and  harvest  wheat  and  oats,  and 
plant  and  cut  tobacco.  This  continued  until  he 
was  sixteen  or  seventeen  vears  of  age,  when  he 
obtained  employment  in  a  small  country  tobacco 
factory  in  the  neighborhood  as  a  "  Stemmer. " 
For  his  services  in  this  capacil\-  he  received 
from  two  to  three  dollars  per  week.  He  was 
afterwards  promoted  to  the  position  of  "  Roller," 
at  a  salary  of  seventeen  dollars  i)er  mouth. 

in  l.s.'ii;  he  taught  school  and  continued  at 
this  profession  during  three  sessions,  taking 
advantage  of  the  opportunity  to  couiplete  his 
own  education  and  add  greatly  \.o  the  little  store 
of  knowledge  he  liad  acquired  in  the  log-cabin 
school-house.  When  twenty-four  \cars  of  age 
he  commenced  traveling  in  the  tobacco  business, 


his  route  covering  the  .Slates  of  .Missouri  and 
Arkansas,  and  four  \ears  later,  in  istii',  Ik- 
ct)muieuced  in  business  under  the  firm  name  of 
.Mvers  iS:  Drummond.  The  firm  continued  the 
manufacture  of  plug  tobacco  for  eleven  years, 
and  in  1>!7;>  it  was  reorganized  as  Dausnian  6c 
Drummond.  In  1<S7!I  the  business  had  assumed 
such  large  proportions  that  it  was  iuct)rporated 
as  the  I)ruuini<iud  Tobacco  Comj)an\-,  Mr. 
Dausmau  retiring  from  the  business.  The  com- 
pany has  a  national  re])utation,  employs  over 
!i{)()  ])ersons  and  has  regular  customers  in  every 
State   in   the   I'uion. 

.Mr.  I)rumuu)nd  was  energetic  and  wide-awake 
as  a  bo\-,  and  he  has  ke]it  in  the  front  of  the  ju'o- 
cession  of  successful  business  men  since  he 
became  a  man.  His  great  success  as  a  maiuifact- 
urer  at  .Alton,  Illinois,  and  St.  Louis,  Alissouri, 
has  brought  to  him  a  magnificent  fortune,  for 
which  he  has  ouK-  to  thank  his  indomitable 
energy  and  business  forethought.  He  is  a  plain, 
honest,  uiuissuming  man  and  has  never  forgot- 
ten the  friends  of  his  boyhood  and  the  witnesses 
of  his  po\ert\-  and  early  struggles.  He  employs 
a  large  number  of  laborers  in  his  now  extensive 
luisiuess,  and  it  might  be  of  jirofit  to  others  to 
sec  with  what  perfect  harniou\- capital  and  labor 
in  this  instance  work  together  for  the  good  of  all. 
The  laborer  knows  that  he  is  honest  and  just, 
and  he  upon  his  part  appreciates  the  dignity  of 
labor  and  has  a  good  word  for  all  who  earn  their 
bread  in  the  sweat  of  their  faces. 

;\Ir.  Drummond  married  in  the  >-ear  lrS.'),S 
Miss  Rachael  Tatum,  of  .Montgomery  count}', 
Missouri,  who  died  in  l.S.')!i.  He  remarried  in 
lS(i.")  Bethia  Randall,  of  Alton,  Illinois,  and  in 
the  Near  LSHS  he  was  married  a  third  time,  his 
])resent  wife,  Jose])hiue,  being  a  daughter  of  Mrs. 
I'AU  Jane  Hazard,  of  St.  Louis,  and  formerly 
of  .\llon.  Mr.  Drummond  has  four  children  liv- 
ing. The  oldest,  Mr.  Harrison,  is  assistant 
general  superintendent  of  the  Drunnnond  To- 
bacco Manufacturing  Company,  and  the  other 
chidren  are  James,  Charles  and  Rachael. 

P).\K.STn\v,  Cn.\KLE.S  W.,  son  of  Captain 
Charles    and    Sarah    Ann    (  Hiulson )    liarstow, 


^^vh^*' 


^^^Z-iy^--^'^^ 


i/J), 


^ 


^/^^"^'t'^-T^-^t^-t^n^^^^ 


/;/( )^ A-.  //'//A  ■.  u.  . I /'/'/:. \7>/.\: 


;',2;^. 


was  horn  in  N'ortli  Pembroke,  Massachusetts, 
I'ebruarx-  i' J ,  1S;)S.  He  attended  ])nl)lic  scliools 
in  IJdston  and  then  took  a  course  of  tuition  in  a 
pri\ate  academy  in  his  native  town,  .ifoin_i>-  later 
to  Hano\-cr,  Massacliusetts,  where  he  took  a 
commercial  course.  ( )n  leaviu.<^  school  he  be- 
came connected  with  the  extensi\'e  ])aint  and 
oil  house  of  ]'",.  t\;  I'\  Kin^;  S:  Com])any,  of  Bos- 
ton. He  remained  with  tlie  firm  for  ncarl\- 
ei<^ht  years,  when  he  enlisted  in  the  iMirtN'-fifth 
Massachusetts  Regiiuent,  under  Colonel  Charles 
R.  Codmau.  His 
rejjiiuent  was  de- 
tailed for  service  in 
North  Carolina,  and 
he  served  for  sixteen 
months.  He  took 
part  in  se\'eral  bat- 
tles, notabh'  those 
of  Kin<:(ston,  White 
Hall  and  Gold.shoro, 
all  of  Xortli  Caro- 
lina. 

In  isi;i  he  was 
umstered  out,  and 
returne<l  to  I'loston, 
where  his  old  eui- 
])lo\ers  were  onl\ 
too  <;]ad  to  reinstall' 
him  in  his  old  posi- 
tion. In  Sei)tcml)er, 
\x*>->,  Mr.  Harstow 
decided  to  go  west, 
and,  settling  in  St. 
I,onis,was  a])])ointed 

clerk  b\  Mr.  C.eorge  1'.  W'hitelaw,  lor  whom  he 
worked  until  iSfiS,  when  he  was  admitted  into 
the  firm,  which  became  known  ;is  (r.  1'.  White- 
law  X:  Coni|)any.  In  l.sT.'l  Mr.  I'.arstow  ptir- 
chased  his  parln(.'r's  interest  and  bei-anie  sole 
proinietor  of  the  establishment,  w  hicli  is  now- 
one  of  the  largest  in  the  West,  handling  ])aint, 
oils,  chemicals,  hea\\-  drugs  and  na\al  stores. 
Its  head(|nani-rs  are  at  f>17  Xorlh  .Sreond  sin-et, 
wIkiu'i'  it  dois  an  enormous  business  through- 
out the  entire  West  and  Southwest,  eujoNing 
among   other    lhin''s    an    exceedinyU     lucrali\e 


IIXWI.I.-^     U.     hARSTOW. 


ri\er  trade  on  the  Mississijipi  and  .Missouri. 
]\Ir.  Rarstow  himself  is  a  ver\-  prominent  citi- 
zen of  .St.  kouis.  He  has  occupied  the  position 
of  first  \ice-i)resident  of  the  Merchants'  Ex- 
change, and  has  also  been  vice-president  of  the 
St.  lyouis  Pnl)lic  School  Board.  His  record  on 
the  ISoard  of  Ivlucation  is  a  cons])icuousl\-  bril- 
liant one,  and  during  all  the  trouble  of  tlie 
board  his  good  common  sense  and  business  ideas 
ha\  e  contributed  largely  toward  the  maintenance 
of  order  and  the  continuance  of  the  good  work 

for  wdiich  the  board 
was  responsible.  .\s 
jn'esident  of  the  .St. 
Louis  I'aint,  ( )il  and 
Drug  Club  he  has 
done  veoman  serv- 
ice for  that  useful 
trade  organization. 

In  ISCD  Mr.  Bar- 
stow  married  Miss 
Ella  R.  Gale,  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  Daniel 
(lale.  He  lias  four 
sons,  of  whom  Theo- 
dore (i.  and  Charles 
W.,  jr.,  are  asso- 
ciated with  him  in 
business.  His  two 
other  sous  are  Daniel 
(i.  and  lulward  H. 
He  has  also  three 
daugliters,  Rosa, 
Calla  R.  and  Jessa- 
mine. 
Eicciri"!',  ji>ii\  iMiMiND.  —  In  the  ch.ipter  on 
manufactures,  in  the  historical  section  of ■  this 
work,  stress  is  laid  on  the  eminence  vSt.  Louis 
has  attained  as  a  tobacco  center;  and  no  man 
has  done  more  to  l>ring  about  this  condition  ol 
affairs  than  .Mr.  John  I%dmuud  Liggett.  This 
]ironiinent  citizen  and  manufacturer  is  a  St. 
Louis  man  b\  birth,  education  and  residence, 
and  he  has  lived  to  see  so  many  changes  in  the 
city  that  there  is  difficulty  in  recognizing  in  the 
nietroiiolis  of  to-day  the  comiiarativch-  insignifi- 
cant town  of  hall  a  centnrv  ago. 


:!24 


( ^LD  AND  N/-: II '  S T.   I.Ol  IS. 


Tlif  Li<j;.<i;ett  laniily  is  of  Irish  and  C.cniiaii 
extraction,  Mr.  Just])!!  LiKs^^lt  liaviiig  been 
\^ox\\  in  Londnnilerry.  He  was  lnons;ht  to  this 
conntrv  ahont  ITl'.s,  and  married,  in  St.  Louis, 
Miss  Elizabeth  Fonlks,  daujjhter  of  Mr.  Cliris- 
topher  Foulks,  of  New  Jersey,  where  he  was 
cn<ia<jed  in  the  tobacco  business.  He  removed 
in  isif^  to  the  West,  locating  for  a  time  iu  Illi- 
nois ami  iheu  coming  ou  to  St.  Louis,  where 
Mr.  Foulks  engaged  at  once  iu  the  tobacco  busi- 
ness. 

The  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Joseph  Liggett 
was  on  ;Main  .street  near  the  Iron  Mountain 
depot,  in  a  house  which  subsequently  became 
the  Swan  Tavern.  Here  there  was  born  to  them 
a  son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Vouug  John 
F^lniund  attended  the  public  schools  and  was 
the  first  pu])!!  of  Mr.  I).  H.  Armstrong,  at  the 
first  public  school  in  vSl.  Louis  at  the  corner  of 
Fourth  and  Spruce  streets.  He  remained  under 
Mr.  Armstrong  until  sixteen  years  of  age.  He 
then  entered  the  Kempler  College  Grammar 
School,  the  building  now  doing  duty  as  the 
Poor  House,  and  here  he  studied   for  two  years. 

His  first  employment  was  in  the  tobacco  fac- 
tory of  Foulks  &  Shaw,  the  members  of  this  firm 
being  respectively  his  grandfather  and  step- 
father. He  was  given  no  advantage  on  account 
of  his  relationship,  but  started  at  the  bottom  of 
the  ladder  and  climbed  it,  aided  1)\-  nothiug 
except  his  natural  ability  and  his  iudoniitable 
perseverance  and  energy. 

In  1?<47  Mr.  Foulks  retired  from  active  work, 
and  Mr.  Liggett,  by  this  time  a  llioroughlv 
competent  man  iu  every  branch  of  the  business, 
was  taken  into  the  firm,  the  name  of  which  was 
changed  to  Hiram  Shaw  &  Company.  F;igliteen 
months  later  Mr.  Shaw  sold  out  his  interest  to 
-Mr.  William  Carr  Lane  Liggett.  The  firm 
name  then  became  J.  E.  Liggett  &  Brother,  and 
for  five  years  it  conducted  a  most  profitable 
business  in  manufacturing  plug  tobacco.  Then 
for  eighteen  years  it  was  known  as  Liggett  & 
Dausman,  and  later  as  Liggett  &  Myers. 

The  houseextended  its  operations  very  rapidly, 
and  after  it  had  been  known  as  Liggett  &  ?klyers 
for  some  years  it  was  incorporated  as  the  Liggett 


^:  .Myers  Tobacco  Cnnqianw  The  couipanv 
sells  goods  in  every  State  in  the  Union,  and  has 
about  fifty  men  constantly  on  the  road  iu  its 
interests,  the  average  inimber  of  employes  at 
the  factory  exceeding  1,1"(). 

The  factory  on  Locust  and  St.  Charles,  just 
east  of  the  E.xposition  Building,  is  the  best 
equipped  in  the  United  vStates,  having  a  front- 
age of  i'l'.i  feet  on  .St.  Charles  street  and  1:^')  feet 
on  Locust  street.  F^very  floor  is  utilized  for  a 
specific  purpose,  and  every  little  detail  receives 
so  uuich  attention  tlial  the  factors-  is  regarded  as 
a  model.  The  drying  house  is  ou  Pine  and 
Nineteenth  streets,  and  covers  an  area  of  inf)  by 
lOil  feet.  Just  south  of  it  is  an  enormous  stor- 
age house  with  a  frontage  of  3;-5<s  feet,  or  an  entire 
half  block,  on  Chestnut  street.  So  gigantic  are 
the  operations  of  the  company,  that  it  has  a  bo.x 
factors-  of  its  own  on  R;iudolph  street,  near  Jeffer- 
son avenue,  occupying  an  area  of  228  by  "i'^'l., 
and  used  exclusively  iu  manufacturing  boxes  for 
the  Liggett  &  Myers  brands  of  tobacco,  which 
are  pojnilar  the  world  over.  The  olTices  of  the 
company  are  in  a  handsome  building  sjiecially 
erected  for  the  purpose  on  Washington  a\'euuc, 
ju.st  east  of  Thirteenth  street. 

F'or  man\-  vears  ^Ir.  Liggett  acted  as  presi- 
dent of  this  wealths-  corj^oration,  and  his  rela- 
tions svith  his  jiartners  and  his  eni]iloves  were 
alssass  of  the  jileasautest  possible  character. 
Many  a  young  man  has  been  encouraged  to  re- 
nesved  efforts  bs-  his  kind  advice  and  greetings, 
and  in  esers-  other  was-  .Mr.  Liggett  has  given 
esidence  of  his  good-heartedness.  He  has  been 
connected  svith  a  number  of  ini]->ortaut  local  in- 
stitutions, and  besides  being  a  member  of  the  old 
\-oIuntcer  brigade  he  was  at  one  time  secretary 
of  the  Washington  Fire  Company.  He  is  also  a 
director  of  the  Commercial  Bank. 

Mr.  Liggett  married  in  1  •"<•">  1  Miss  lilizabeth 
J.  Call)reatli,  of  Callosvay  counts',  Missouri,  and 
has  three  daughters:  Dolly  L.,  nosv  .Mrs.  Claude 
Kilpatrick,  of  this  city;  Cora  B.,  nosv  Mrs.  John 
Fosvler,  of  .St.  Louis;  and  Ella  D.,  now  ]\Irs. 
Mitchell  Scott;  also  a  son,  Hiram  Shasv  Ligg- 
ett, who  svas  at  one  time  secretary-  of  the  com- 
pany, but  who  was  compelled   to   resign  owing 


^&  ^<^y^^ 


lUi-^CRAPIIIC.  \L  .  \PPF.XniX. 


325 


to   ill    licaltli,  and   clii'd   at   San  Anlonio,  Texas, 

Mai.i.ixckki  IDT,  l';i)\\AKi),  jii'L-sidcnl  of  the 
clu-niical  works  which  hear  his  name,  and  which 
ha\e  a  repntation  extendint^  even  bevond  the 
limits  of  the  Ignited  .States,  is  a  .St.  Lonis  man 
in  e\er\-  sense  of  tlie  word,  and  lie  is  one  of  those 
citizens  who  never  tire  in  their  efforts  to  advance 
the  city's  interests  and  to  uphohl  its  j>;ood  name 
whenex'er  and  wherever  it  may  happen  to  be 
assailed.  He  was  born  in  this  cit\^  fort\'-ei,i,rlit 
\ears  ajj;o,  and  is  tlie  son  of  ^Ir.  Kmije  .Mallinck- 
rodt,  a  nati\e  of  Prnssia,  who  settled  in  this  city 
some  sixtv  years  a.i^o,  when  there  were  no 
honses  in  .St.  Louis  west  t)f  'I'hird  street,  and 
when  all  the  Inisiness  was  done  witliin  a  stone's 
throw  of  tlie  ri\er.  He  at  once  proceeded  to 
active  business  and  is  sp(.)ken  of  b\-  writers  of 
the  day  as  one  of  tlie  first  real  estate  dealers 
wlio  operated  exteiisi\ely  in  St.  Louis  property. 

He  laid  out  the  city  of  Bremen,  which  was 
looked  upon  as  ahiiost  a  distant  suburb  of  St. 
Louis,  and  he  was  prominent  in  the  construc- 
tion of  tlie  bridsre  over  (iin  (irass  Creek.  He 
married  Miss  IClleu  I^uckic,  a  member  of  a  ver\- 
])romincnt  family  wdiich  had  settled  in  IMissouri 
])rior  to  the  marriage  taking  place.  Mr.  Mal- 
linckrodt  continued  in  active  business  for  mam- 
\ears  and  his  death,  which  onh'  occurred  in 
-May,  LSi)-J,  was  mourned  by  hundreds  of  friends 
and  admirers  of  this  grand  old  .\merican  gentle- 
man. 

Ldward  Mallinckrodt  was  l)orn  in  St.  Louis, 
januar\-  '1\  ^  1.S4.').  He  was  educated  in  the 
])ublic  school,  and  then,  in  order  to  acquire  a 
thovounh  knowK-di^f  of  clienii^lr\  in  e\ers' 
branch,  he  went  to  ('Fermaiu-,  and  for  ten  years 
studied  in  the  Weisbaden  Chemical  Laboratorv, 
rituruing  to  this  connlrx  in  lS(i7  thoroughh- 
ecjuipped  lor  tin.'  niagiiificeiit  career  which  lav 
l)cfore  him.  Mr.  I-Mward  at  once  associated 
himself  with  his  two  brothers,  ( )tto  and  (iusta\' 
\'.,  both  of  whom  are  now  deceased.  The 
three  brothers  fornu-d  the  firm  of  d.  Mallinck- 
rodt X:  Company,  ami  commenced  the  erection 
of   works   at    Seci)nd   ami    Mallinckrodt  streets. 


The  site  was  pecnliarK'  appropriate,  as  a  farm 
worked  by  Mr.  liniile  Mallinckrodt  had  occu- 
])ied  it,  and  the  street  was  named  after  him. 

The  works  were  small  compared  with  the 
colossal  establishment  of  to-day,  but  tliey  were 
constructed  in  approved  fashion  and  equipped  so 
as  to  make  it  possible  to  manufacture  chemicals 
of  e\ery  descrijHion.  ( ireat  success  attended  the 
efforts  of  the  concern,  which  in  LSS2  was  incor- 
porated as  the  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works, 
with  the  subject  of  this  sketch  as  president  and 
exclusive  manager,  which  arduous  and  impintant 
l^osition  he  has  held  ever  since.  By  gi\'iug  i^er- 
sonal  attention  to  every  detail  and  gi\'ing  the 
business  the  advantage  of  his  excellent  training 
and  profound  chemical  knowledge,  Mr.  ^hdliiick- 
rodt  has  succeeded  in  making  for  the  comi)any  a 
reputation  second  to  no  chemical  house  in  the 
world,  and  orders  are  constantly  received  not 
only  from  everv  distant  .State,  but  even  from  for- 
eign lands. 

The  trade  of  the  West  and  .Southwest  is  sup- 
plied almost  exclnsiveh'  from  the  St.  Louis 
establishment,  but  owing  to  the  increasing 
demand  from  eastern  and  European  houses, 
another  very  large  plant  was  ])ut  in  at  Jersey 
City  during  the  <S()'s.  The  output  of  this  house 
is  \ery  large  and  is  chieflv-  disposed  of  through 
the  com])any's  New  York  ofifice. 

The  .St.  Louis  winks  occu])v  an  area  of  up- 
wards of  five  acres,  and  find  steadv  emplovmeiit 
for  about  •$<)()  ])ers(ms.  Chemicals  of  everv 
description  are  mamifactured  and  the  \erv  best 
grades  jiroduced  which  are  needed  for  medicinal, 
pliotogra])hic  and  analytical  purposes.  Con- 
stant improvements  and  additions  to  the  works 
have  made  them  uni(|uel\-  complete  and  excel- 
lentl\'  ada])led  for  the  great  business  transacted 
in  them.  Their  success  has  had  a  marked 
inlliK  lue  on  the  growth  of  the  northern  section 
of  the  cit\',  which  the  Mallinckrodt  family  did 
so  much  to  build  Uj),  and  the  name  is  gcneralK- 
respected  and  looked  up  \.o  tlH\)ngIiout  the 
whole  ol  Xorth  .St.   Lonis. 

Besides  superintending  the  business  of  the 
gigantic  concern  Mr.  Mallinckrodt  acts  as  presi- 
dent of   the   National   .\mmoiiia  Company  with 


:v>(; 


oi.n  ,\xn  iKEW  ST.  i.oris. 


lieadciuailtTS  at  'M\\>><  North  Broadway.  Mr. 
.Mallinckrodt  ort^anized  this  coiupaiiy  in  li^-"*!' 
with  a  capital  .stock  of  $(i()(t, ()()()  and  has  deve- 
loped it  into  a  very  large  producer  of  ammonia 
and  aninionial  products.  He  is  also  ])resident 
of  the  Pacific  Chemical  and  .\niniiinia  Company, 
and  also  of  the  Colonial  Ammonia  and  Clieniical 
Company,  all  of  which  are  en<jagcd  in  the  manu- 
facture of  anhydrous  ammonia,  carbonate  of 
ammonia  and  otlier  similar  products  with  works 
located  in  St.  Louis,  New  Jer.sey,  Philadelphia, 
Wilmington,  Delaware,  Detroit,  Milwaukee, 
Den\er,  vSau  Francisco  and  other  cities. 

In  addition  to  these  positions  and  duties,  Mr. 
Mallinckrodt  is  also  director  of  the  l^uiou  Trust 
Com])anv  and  of  the  Chemical  National  Pank, 
and  a  uKMuhcr  of  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  the 
•St.  I^ouis  Club,  the  Universit\'  Club  ami  the 
Round  Table.  He  married  in  June  1<S7(),  Miss 
Jennie  .\ndersou,  daughter  of  Charles  R.  .\uder- 
son  of  lliiscil\',  and  he  has  t)ue  sou,  Edward,  Jr. 

.Mr.  -Mallinckrodt  is  naturalh'  of  a  retiring 
disposition,  and  has  not  sought  notoriety  of  any 
kind  during  his  successful  business  career  in 
St.  Ivouis.  That,  however,  does  not  alter  the 
fact  that  he  has  been  instrumental  in  aiding  the 
industries  in  the  northern  ]K)rtion  of  the  cit>-  in 
a  renuirkable  manner,  and  he  is  looked  up  to  by 
an  immense  number  of  citizens  as  one  of  the 
best  informed  and  careful  manufacturers  and 
commercial  men  in  the  West.  He  has  not 
taken  an  active  ])art  in  ]io]itics,  but  has  a  record 
for  generosity  and  unostentatious  philauthrojjy 
difficult  to  duplicate.  He  resides  with  his  fam- 
ily in  a  handsome  residence  on  Vandeveuter 
place,  and  occupies  the  foremost  position  as  a 
solid  and  sub.stautial  resident  of   the  West  End. 

RiKSMKVKR,  Louis  Tiihodork,  was  born  Sep- 
tember ^(J,  1«57,  at  the  town  of  Bielefeld,  Ger- 
many. His  father  was  an  ofTicial  at  the  Circuit 
Court,  and  a  gentleman  held  in  verv  high  regard 
in  his  native  land,  where  he  died  when  his  son 
was  only  ten  years  of  age.  Hrs.  Riesme}er,  the 
daughter  of  a  school  teacher,  died  in  the  follow- 
ing year,  leaving  Louis  Theodore  an  orphan  at 
the  age  of  eleven. 


He  had,  during  his  parents'  life-time,  been 
educated  at  the  (iymnasiuni  of  Bielefeld,  and 
he  continued  his  studies  until  the  \ear  l<S7:i, 
when,  an  opportuuit\-  arising,  he  emigrated  t(.) 
the  United  States  and  became  an  ai)])reutice  to 
a  retail  druggist  in  St.  Louis.  He  attended 
the  St.  I<ouis  College  of  l'harmac\-,  where  he 
graduated  with  highest  honors  in  1^7().  Later 
he  studied  medicine  and  graduated  at  the  Mis- 
souri .Medical  College  in  1  >i'S;i,  ha\iug  the  Imnor 
of  being  first  in  the  talented  class  of  that  year. 

Imniediateh-  after  graduating  he  recrossed  the 
Atlantic  and  continued  his  medical  studies  at 
tlu-  Rii\al  rni\-crsity  t)f  lierliu,  ha\ing  the 
benefit  of  the  instruction  of  the  nt)ted  surgeon. 
Professor  E.  \'.  Bergman,  and  also  stuthiug 
pathology  under  Professor  Rudolidi  X'irehow.  In 
the  year  1884  he  returned  to, St.  Louis  and  began 
to  ])ractice  medicine  and  surger\'. 

In  1S,S;5  Dr.  Riesme\'er  was  ap]ioiuted  first 
assistant  to  the  chair  of  surger\-  at  the  .St.  Louis 
Post-draduate  College  of  Medicine,  and  he  was 
also  a])poiuted  lecturer  on  surgical  pathology, 
retaining  both  ])ositions  until  Hebruar\-,  bs!»l, 
when  he  resigned.  In  .\ugust  of  the  same  year 
he  was  elected  to  the  chair  of  j)hysiolog\'  at  the 
Beaumont  Medical  College.  In  1.S!I2  he  e.x- 
clianged  this  chair  f(.)r  the  chair  of  jiathological 
anatomy  at  the  same  institution. 

The  Doctor  is  in  practice  as  a  plusiciau,  mak- 
ing a  specialt\'  of  general  surgerw  He  is  ad- 
mitted to  be  one  of  the  most  talented  surgeons 
in  the  West.  He  is  a  member  of  se\-eral  med- 
ical associations,  including  the  St.  Louis,  ;\Iis- 
sissippi  \'alle\-  and  the  vSocietv  of  (jerman 
I'lusicians  of  St.  I^ouis.  He  is  also  president 
ami  an  acti\'e  member  of  the  vSt.  Ivouis  IVIicro- 
sco])ical  vSocietw  He  is  chief  ])hysician  to  the 
medical  de]iartmeut  of  the  Alexiau  Brothers' 
Hospital;  editor-in-chief  of  the  .SV.  Louis  Med- 
ical I\fric-a\  and  has  contributed  man\'  papers  to 
\'arious  medical  journals.  Among  these  are: 
"  Irrigatiou  of  the  Stomach  in  Obstruction  of 
the  Bowel,"  which  appeared  in  the  .SV.  f.oiiis 
Medical  Revic'c ;  ".Surgical  Tuberculosis"  and 
"  Reports  of  the  More  Important  .Surgical  Cases 
Treated  at  the  .St.  Louis   Post-Graduate  College 


niocR.  iriiic.  //.  Ai'i'i-.xnix. 


32'; 


and  Hospital,"  in  the  Courier  of  Medicine ; 
"  MnItii)leTuljeiciiio.sis Following  Wound  Infec- 
tion," read  before  the  St.  I^onis  Microscopical 
Societ\-;  '"  Triniar}  Tuberculosis  of  Mammary 
Claud,"  "Mullii)le  Tubercular  Osteomyelitis 
Following  Extraction  of  a  Tooth,"  "  Laparoto- 
nnfor  Parametritic  Abscess,"  all  read  Ijcfore  the 
St.  Louis  Medical  vSocict\-  of  (k-rman  Plnsiciaus. 

HrxiCKH,  William  (t.,  M.I).,  is  the  sou  of 
Herniau  .Vugust  Hunicke,  who  will  be  remem- 
I)ered  b\-  members  of 
the  older  generation 
as  a  prominent  mer- 
chant aiul  hatter  of 
.St.  Louis  prior  to 
and  during  the  war. 
His  mother  was  a 
daughter  of  Dr.  John 
Luethy.wlio  will  also 
be  remembered  as  a 
]di\sician  with  a  rep- 
utation which  sjiread 
o\er  a  \ery  large 
area. 

William  C.  at- 
tended the  public 
schools  of  St.  Louis 
and  also  had  the  ad- 
\antage  of  consider- 
able stud\-  in  Furope. 
When  twent\'  \ears 
of  age  he  entered  the 
St.  Louis  M  ed  i  c  a  1 
College,     and     after 

taking  the  full  course  of  three  \ears  he  obtained 
his  degree  and  entered  the  Cil\-  Hos|)ilal,  where 
hi-  jiracticed  for  a  year. 

He  iheu  crossed  the  .\tlautic  once  more,  in 
orik-r  lo  act|uiri-  llu'  prnriciencv'  which  a  lengtlu' 
course  (,)f  stud)  in  Slrassbnrg,  N'ienna  and  Berlin 
l)roniised,  and  when  he  came  back  to  St.  Louis, 
aboiU  Icu  years  ago,  he  was  welcomed  b\'  his 
brother  ])h\siciaus  as  a  man  libcralK'  endowed 
with  that  knowledge  which  we  know  is   power. 

He  at  once  commenced  to  ])ractice  his  profes- 
sion,  and    now    has   his    otHce   on    Washington 


"« 


avenue,  with  Dr.  ().  F.  Forster,  who  was  his 
friend  in  boyhood  days  and  who  is  still  more  his 
friend  now.  As  an  oculist  Dr.  Hunicke  is  ex- 
ceptionally successful,  and  he  is  consulting  ocu- 
list of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  as  well  as  of  St. 
\"iucent's  Orphan  Asylum,  St.  Mar\'s  Hosi)ital 
and  the  City  Hospital. 

In  1S84  the  talented  young  physician  married 
Miss  Adolphine  Weinenger.  Miss  Weinenger 
was  a  resident  of  \'ieuna,  Austria,  being  a  near 
relative  of  Cardinal  Archbi.shop  Gangelbauer,  of 

that  city.  vSince  his 
marriage  Dr.  Hun- 
icke has  contributed 
large!}'  to  the  med- 
ical press  and  is  a 
memberof  the\'erein 
Deutscher  Aerzte. 

Dr.  Hunicke  has 
before  him  a  career 
of  great  usefulness. 
He  is  respected 
highly  by  memliers 
of  all  medical  schools 
and  is  rightK'  re- 
garded as  a  coming 
man.  His  sttulies 
both  at  home  and  in 
l-'.urope  have  given 
him  a  knowledge  of 
medicine  of  the  most 
valuable  kind,  and 
both  as  a  physician 
and  an  author  he 
stands  in  the  front 
rank.      IK-   is  a  man  of   exceptional  po])ularitv. 

BoKCKKi.KR,  AuoLPiirs,  was  born  in  War- 
steiu,  West]i]ialia,  (lermany,  June  22,  1S17. 
He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  and 
gvmnasinm  i>f  his  own  country,  and  came  to 
St.  Louis  in  1S4(I.  He  secured  employment  in 
the  city  as  a  iourue\uiau  builder,  and  proving 
an  exceedingh-  competent  and  conscientious 
worker,  he  found  it  easy  lo  secure  and  retain 
lucrative  posilit)ns.  At  the  end  of  three  years 
he  had  sa\ed  enousrh  nionev  to  start  in  business 


\\  II    I   I  \    1     11.    II.    McM 


328 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOU/S. 


ill  a  very  small  way,  huiUliiij^  a  saw  mill  run  by 
horse-power;  and  in  the  following  years  asso- 
ciating himself  with  Mr.  hVcderick  Sclniknhnr.y;, 
he  established  a  steam  saw  mill.  This  partner- 
ship coiitinned  for  no  less  than  thirty-six  years, 
niitil   l'">Ml,  when  .Mr.  Sfliiiknbnr;:;  withdrew. 

.\l)ont  the  year  l.H.')l,  Messrs.  Boeckeler, 
Hir.schl)ern-  (S:  Company  opened  up  a  jilaiiiii!.; 
mill,  and  in  l^l"i4  thev  built  a  saw  mill  in  vStill- 
water,  .Minnesota.  This  mill  was  operated 
under  the  title  of  vSehnlenbnr(;,  Hoeckclcr  &  Com- 
panv,  and  soon  t)blaiiied  a  very  ]m)spcrous  busi- 
ness. The  two  firms  with  which  tliesuljjcct  of  this 
sketch  was  so  prominentl\'  identified  carried  on 
their  operations  separately,  but  their  relations 
became  more  and  more  intimate  until  the  build- 
in,!.;;  of  the  saw  mill  at  vStillwater  led  to  what  was 
practically  a  consolidation. 

The  firm  of  Boeckeler,  Hirschbers^  &  Company 
underwent  .several  chan_o;es  until  it  became  Schu- 
lenburg  &  Boeckeler,  and  A.  Boeckeler  &  Com- 
pany succeeded  to  the  saw  mill  business  in 
,St.  Louis.  In  ISSO  all  these  concerns  were 
amalgamated,  and  a  comi)an\'  was  incorporated 
under  the  name  of  the  Schulenl)urg  &  Boeckeler 
I.,umber  Company,  with  Mr.  Boeckeler  as  presi- 
dent; Mr.  Charles  W.  Behrens  as  secretary; 
Mr.  L.  C.  Hirschberg,  treasurer;  and  Mr.  E.  L. 
Hospes,  of  vStillwater,  vice-president.  Since 
the  death  of  Mr.  Behrens  and  Mr.  h.  C.  Hirsch- 
berg  in  IHHil,  Mr.  Boeckeler's  oldest  .son,  Will- 
iam Lassen,  has  been  secretar_\-  and  general 
manager  of  the  company. 

Thanks  very  largely  to  the  never-tiring  energy 
and  well-directed  enterprise  of  the  president,  the 
corporation  has  grown  in  importance  and  wealth 
with  great  rapidity,  and  it  is  now  one  of  the 
largest  and  wealthiest  lumber  concerns  in  the 
West.  It  handles  an  immense  quantity  of  lum- 
ber of  every  description,  and  its  yards,  which 
extend  along  the  river  front  from  North  Market 
street  to  Palm  street,  are  a  .scene  of  continual 
activity.  It  has  been  .said  that  corporations 
have  no  conscience,  but  this  company  has  a 
reputation  for  integrity  and  fair  dealing  which 
shows  that  the  adage  is  sometimes  at  least  a 
slander  instead  of  a  truism. 


.Mr.    licieckeler  is   a   hard    working,   energetic        . 
man.      When  he  came  to  St.   Louis  the  citv  had        ] 
less  than    L'i),n(in   iuhabilanls,   and   was  a  com-        i 
]")aratively  unimportant  town,  and   he  has  risen 
with  it,  ]iinuing  his  entire  faith  to  it  and  work- 
ing his  wa\-  U])  the  ladder  to  inllueiice  and  afflu- 
ence.     He   has  acquired  both,  and  to-day  there 
is  no  man   in   .St.  Louis  who  is  more  respected 
and  admired  than  .Mr.  Boeckeler.     He  is  a  mem- 
ber ol   the   Commercial   Club  and   a   director   in 
the  Cicrmau    Sixings   Institution,  besides   being 
a   ]oromiuenl   man   in   a  x'ariet}'  of  other  under- 
takings. 

L.MDi.iCv,  LK()X11).\.s  II.,  .M.D.,  was  born  Sep- 
teml)er20,  IS  14,  in  Carmichaels,  Pennsylvania,  a 
village  situated  in  the  beautiful  vallev  of  the 
Mouongahela  ri\'er.  His  father.  Dr.  Thomas  H. 
Ivaidlc}-,  a  medical  gentleman,  in  his  da\' known 
as  an  able  physician  and  respected  as  a  worthy 
citizen,  reared  twelve  children,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  being  the  tenth  child.  His  mother 
was  a  daughter  of  the  Hon.  Hugh  Barclay,  of 
Peuns\l\ania,  a  well-known  gentleman  in  the. 
halls  of  the   Legislature  of  that  State. 

Reared  in  a  medical  atmosphere,  he  was  early 
taught  to  revere  the  medical  men  of  that  day, 
which  ga\e  him  a  desire  to  enter  the  profession 
honored  b\'  his  father  and  so  kindl}' regarded  by 
him.  .\s  early  as  at  the  age  of  ten  years  he  was 
jjlaced  in  the  nourishing  institution — (rreene 
.\cademy — located  at  his  native  place.  His  edu- 
cation was  directed  with  a  view  to  entering  the 
medical  jjrofession.  He  continued  in  school, 
spending  his  leisure  moments  in  his  father's 
office,  until  the  year  l-Siili,  when  he  entered  the 
Clevelaiul  .Medical  College.  The  following  year 
he  entered  the  Jefferson  Medical  College,  at 
Philadelphia,  Penns}-lvaiiia,  attending  the 
hospitals  of  that  medical  center  and  enjo}ing 
the  teaching  of  the  most  noted  medical  faculty 
of  that  (lay,  including  Professors  Dnuglison, 
Gross  and  Pancost,  who  made  a  history  for 
medicine  in  .\merica.  (rraduating  from  this 
institution  in  the  spring  of  1<SI)<S,  he  entered  into 
active  practice  with  his  father  and  brother.  Dr. 
Jno.  B.  Laidlc}-. 


"t^r^t^ 


0 


Jf?  ^^y^X^/c^ 


nioGRAPincAi.  Ai'i'iixnix. 


329 


()\\inL;  to  the  limiti-d  fii-'ld  for  stud\-  in  that 
CDinniunitx-,  lie  went  to  New  York,  where  he 
entered  Ik-llevne  Hospital  Medical  Colle<je;  here 
he  took  a  higher  and  more  thorous^h  cijurse,  and 
ijradiuited  with  di.stin,y;uished  honors  in  that 
institution  in  1S72.  He  immediately  returned 
home,  and  not  findins;  a  sufficiently  larg'e  field 
for  a  successful  and  e\leusi\'e  practice,  located 
in  St.  Louis  in  the  sjjrin.y;  of  1<S7:^. 

I-Carh'  in  his  career  he  showed  a  decided  love 
for  the  humanitarian  side  of  his  profession,  or- 
gauiziuir,  in  company  with  a  few  others,  the 
"  Vouny;  Men's  Christian  Association,"  to 
which  he  o;ave  especial  attention  to  the  sick 
a]i])l\in<^  for  aid  to  that  instilutiou.  His  work 
jjrew  in  such  ])roi)ortions  tliat  a  free  disi^ensary 
was  ort^anized,  which  was  the  nucleus  of  the 
Protestant  Hospital  Association,  gi\'ing  to  this 
cit\-  one  of  the  most  prominent  institutions  of 
its  kind.  As  a  teacher  of  medicine  he  was  early 
engaged;  he  was  called  to  fill  the  chair  of  anat- 
om\'  and  chemislr\-  in  the  Western  Dental  Col- 
lege of  this  city.  He  continued  in  this  posi- 
tion until  two  years  later,  when  he  was  called 
to  the  chair  of  surgical  diseases  of  women  at  the 
(organization  of  the  College  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  of  vSt.  Louis,  .\fter  five  years  of  suc- 
cessful work,  he  resigned  with  eight  of  his 
colleagues.  Having  attained  a  rejiutation  as 
teacher,  he  was  again  called  to  the  chair  of  sur- 
gical diseases  of  women  in  the  Beaumont  Hos- 
pital .Medical  College  on  its  organization,  which 
position  he  still  holds.  .\s  a  writer  he  lias  con- 
fined his  work  to  the  reports  of  his  cases,  which 
have  been  large  in  number,  especially  in  the 
field  of  surgery,  to  which  branch  the  doctor  has 
given  his  unliring  alteuliou.  He  has  been 
identified  with  the  ])rofessiou  as  a  member  of 
the  American  .Medical  .Vssociation,  Medical 
Societies  ol  l'i.nns\l vania  and  Missouri,  .\mcri- 
can  .\s.socialioii  t)f  (iyniecologists  and  Obste- 
tricians, the  St.  Louis  Medical  Society,  in  which 
he  lias  held  offices  at  various  times. 

In  iss.",  Ik-  went  as  a  delegate  to  the  British 
.Medical  .Vssociation  held  at  Liverpool  while  lie 
was  \isiting  the  hos]>ilals  at  I'^dinburgh,  I.,on- 
don   and    I'aris.      He   now  holds  the  position  of 


professor  of  surgical  diseases  of  women  at  the 
Beaumont  Hospital  Medical  College,  surgeon  to 
the  Protestant  Hospital,  and  consultant  to  the 
b'emale  Hospital  of  this  cit\-. 

He  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Latta,  daughter 
of  William  Latta,  Esq.,  of  Lancaster,  Ohio,  in 
the  year  1S><(),  from  which  union  they  have  two 
bright  children. 

Lr'l'Z,  p-R.vxK  Josia'ii,  .M.l).,  son  of  John  T. 
and  Rosiiia  (Muller)  Lutz,  was  born  in  the 
city  of  St.  Louis,  May  24,  I.s,"),").  From  a  very 
early  age  he  displayed  a  natural  disi^ositioii  for 
study,  and  applied  himself  most  studiously.  .\l 
the  age  of  fourteen  he  went  to  luirope  and  laid 
the  foundation  for  his  classical  education  in  a 
I^russian  gymnasium  remaining  until  187:^. 
He  concei\ed  the  idea  that  home  would  be  more 
preferable  than  abroad,  so  returned  to  his  native 
cit\'. 

He  immediately  entered  the  .St.  Louis  Univers- 
ity and  by  close  and  constant  study  graduated 
with  distinguished  honors  in  1874,  securing  for 
himself  the  degree  of  -A.B.  This  tended  to 
inspire  him  with  a  desire  and  ambition  to 
become  a  professional  man,  so  besought  instruc- 
tion in  the  St.  Louis  .Medical  College  and  grad- 
uated with  the  degree  of  ALD.  in  l.S7(>.  The 
DocttJr  launched  out  into  the  field  of  medicine 
well  equipped  for  a  magnificent  struggle  to  gain 
the  front  ranks  of  his  chosen  profession.  Hav- 
ing well  merited  the  confidence  and  esteem  of 
the  medical  fraternity,  he  now  figures  most 
prominenlh-  in  their  midst  as  chief  surgeon  of 
.Vle.Kian  Brothers'  Hospital;  also  professor  of 
surgical  pathology  and  clinical  surgery  in  Beau- 
luoiil  Hospital  Medical  College.  The  Doctor  was 
]iresident  of  the  Missouri  Slate  Medical  Society  in 
ISSS  and  ISSii;  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Medical 
vSocietx'  ill  l^i'.'it  and  is  now  surgeon  of  the  St. 
Louis  and  San  Francisco  Railroad  and  consult- 
ing surgeon  to  the  St.  I^ouis  Citv  and  Female 
Hospitals. 

In  every-da\'  life  the  Doctor  is  social  and 
agreeable,  easily  apjiroached  and  friendh-  and 
genial  in  his  inlercouse  with  his  fellow-men. 
Through    persistenl    and    untiring    energy    the 


?,?,() 


()/./)  .i.vf>  NEW  ST.  /.or/s. 


Doclor  lias  jjained  the  front  ranks  of  his  profes- 
sion, and  as  a  stiry;eon  stands  j)re-eniinently  in 
tlif  fort-.tjronnd.  IK-  is  llic  recipient  of  tlit-  re- 
spect and  esteem  of  all  who  know  him. 

The  Doctor  was  married  in  June,  1><>^1,  to 
Miss  May  Silver,  a  lad>-  of  rare  accomplish- 
ments, and  one  who  is  all  a  wife  should  be. 

Aai.,  Albkrt  Ai.kkhi),  who  is  at  the  head  of 
the  Parisian  Cloak  Company,  and  one  of  St. 
Lonis'  most  substantial  citizens,  first  set  his  foot 
on  American  soil  on  the  da\'  President  Lincoln 
was  assassinated,  and  since  that  time  the  record 
of  his  success  had  lieeu  unbroken.  Loudon, 
ICnj^Iaiul,  was  the  place  of  his  birth  and  \>^'r2 
the  year.  He  is  the  son  of  Bernard  and  Flora 
Aal,  the  latter  being  a  daughter  of  I)a\id  Dclaro, 
the  eminent  linguist  and  the  thorough  master  of 
more  than  a  dozen  languages,  who  was  for  uiauy 
years  one  of  the  faculty  of  Manchester  l'ui\ers- 
il\'.  In  ISi;^  the  parents  eiuigrated  to  America, 
but  Albert  was  left  in  England  in  the  care  of 
relatives  in  order  that  he  might  complete  his 
education.  At  the  town  of  (iravesend,  a  town 
located  at  the  mouth  of  the  Thames,  the  lad 
spent  the  latter  days  of  his  school  life  and  here 
he  graduated  and  immediately  thereafter  sailed 
to  join   his  parents  in  America. 

For  .some  time  after  his  arrival  in  this  country, 
Mr.  Aal  was  connected  with  several  amusement 
euter|)rises,  which  caused  him  to  visit  Europe 
on  business.  After  his  return  to  America  he 
located  at  Chicago  and  went  into  the  cloak 
manufacturing  business,  a  line  of  business 
which,  as  it  was  practically  unknown  in  the 
West  at  that  time,  Mr.  Aal  must  be  considered 
a  pioneer.  The  demaud  for  cloaks  at  that  time 
was  not  heavy,  as  only  two  styles  were  worn, 
and  it  would  perhaps  be  interesting  to  all 
ladies  to  know  that  many  of  the  styles  which 
now  .supply  the  demand  are  due  to  the  iugenuitv 
and  originality  of  Mr.  Aal. 

After  a  year  or  two  he  became  connected  with 
the  firm  of  Siegel  Bros.,  of  Chicago,  a  company 
that  at  present  is  represented  by  hou.ses  in  fif- 
teen cities  of  the  United  States.  He  was  located 
here  until  IX.S.i,  when  the  firm,  recognizing  his 


absolute  reliabilit\',  selected  him  to  come  to  St. 
I^ouis  to  establish  a  branch  house.  The  ven- 
ture was  a  daring  one,  as  no  experiniiulal  c\i- 
deuce  existed  thai  a  house  dealing  exclusivelv 
in  cloaks  would  ]niy ,  but  the  astute  nuinager 
estimated  the  conditions  exacth',  and  such  was 
the  ability  of  his  management  that  from  tlie 
first  \-ear's  business  the  returns  aniouulcd  to 
i!l!)(),(l()(l. 

Mr.  Aal's  sagacil\'  and  discerumenl  were  also 
shown  in  the  matter  of  the  location  of  the  Paris- 
ian Cloak  Company.  Tempting  offers  were 
made  to  induce  him  to  locate  on  F''ourth  street, 
then  the  leading  tlioniughfari-  of  the  cil\-,  but 
he  foresaw  the  nu)venient  of  business  westward, 
and  located  on  the  north-east  corner  of  Wash- 
ington a\enue  and  Hroadwav,  a  better  location 
than  which  does  not  exi.st  for  the  business.  The 
increase  of  the  business  has  been  stead\'  and 
pheuomcual,  until  to-da\'  it  is  the  largest  and 
most  imi)ortant  Imusi.-  of  the  kind  in  the  world. 
From  the  !Sliin,()U(»  of  the  first  year,  Mr.  Aal 
had  increased  the  trade  to  the  volume  of 
S>4-2:),0()()  in  LSDl.  Again  and  again  have  the 
growing  demands  of  the  trade  compelled  the 
enlargement  of  the  premises,  and  the  Parisian 
Cloak  Company  now  occupies  more  f^oor  space 
than  any  other  cloak  com])au\-  in  the  world. 

Mr.  Aal  has  demonstrated  his  right  to  a  posi- 
tion among  the  leading  business  men  of  the 
West,  and  as  he  is  still  in  the  prime  of  life,  his 
expectations  are  great.  Being  a  man  of  great 
determination,  of  uncommon  industry  and  talent, 
his  success  in  life  is  considered  most  natural  by 
all  who  know  him  well.  He  is  a  ])ublic-spirited 
citizen  as  well  as  a  successful  businessman,  and 
is  always  willing  to  lend  his  aid  to  any  scheme 
having  for  its  purpose  the  advancement  of  the 
cit\'s  interest. 

In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  was  for  some 
time  a  memljer  of  the  well-known  Inxjuois  Club 
of  Chicago.  He  is  a  Mason  of  high  degree,  is  a 
member  of  the  Royal  Arcanum,  of  the  National 
Union,  of  the  Owl's  Club,  and  is  connected  with 
five  clubs  of  a  private  nature,  besides. 

He  married  Miss  Frankenstein,  of  Chicago, 
in    liSSO.     The\-    ha\"e    four    children:    Joseph, 


r.focR.  \riiR '.  \i.  .  \rri:xnix. 


331 


Ral])li,  Bernard   and  Jennie.      Tlie   family  lives  versities  of  Strassburg  and  Bonn  (Germany  ),  and 

pari  1)1    tlie  lime  in   Si.    I^onis  and   part  of  the  \'ienna,   An.stria.       Dnring  these  fi\e  years  he 

time    in    Chicago,    in    both    of  which  cities  Air.  gave  his  special    attention    to    diseases    of    the 

,\al  owns  elegant  residences.      Holh  in  Si.  Lnnis  throat,    nnse  and   ear,   and  on  his  return  to  lliis 

and  Chicago,  JMr.  Aal   and   famil\-   have  a  large  cit\-  in    IJS.ST   he  became  assistant  throat,    nose 

circle    of    friends    and    are    deservedly    popnlar  and  ear  ph\-sician  in  the  Missouri   Medical  Col- 

among  .society  leaders.  lege,  retaining  the  position  until  !>>!•(>. 

In  addition  to  a  \-ery  exlensi\e  jiractice  as  a 

FoK.STKK,   ( ).    I^.,    M.I).,   one  of  the  leading  specialist  in  the  diseases  mentioned.  Dr.  Forster 

plu'sicians  of  the  cil\',    was  born  September  21,  had  made  himself  quite  a  rejMitation  bv  his  very 

l(^;")!l,  and  is  hence  a  nnirh    younger   man  than  able  contriljutions  to  the  press  on  such  difficult 


his  high  standing 
in  the  medical  world 
would  appear  to  in- 
dicate. His  father, 
Marquard  Forster, 
was  born  in  Ravaria, 
but  came  to  America 
and  settled  in  .St. 
I.,ouis  some  thirteen 
years  !)efore  the  birth 
of  his  juslK'  pojnilar 
son.  Mr.  Forster, 
Sr.,  identified  him- 
self with  the  ])re\\- 
ery  interest  soon  af- 
ter his  arrix'al  in  ,St. 
Louis,  and  has,  for 
many  years,  been 
looked  upon  as  one- 
of  the  prominent 
brewers  of  a  city  in 
which  the  brewinj; 
of  beer  has  been  re- 
duced  to  a  science. 

Dr.  F^orster's  mother  was  a  lad\  of  Switzerland, 
ha\in<;   bien    brought    to    this   enuiUrv    b\-    her 
])arents  when  she  was  onl\-  nine  years  of  age. 
Dr.    I'\)rster's    early  education    was    acquired 


UK.    O.   K.   l-OR.-irtR 


topics  as  "  Polypus 
of  the  Nose,"  the 
"  Treatment  of  Tu- 
berculosis" and  the 
"  Bona  Fide  Adyan- 
tages  and  Reyerse  of 
Dr.  Koch's  World- 
renowned  L\ni]ili." 
Dr.  b'orster  is  en- 
tirely wedded  to  his 
]>rofessiou,  and  has 
not  allowed  himself 
ti)  be  drawn  on  one 
side  by  the  alluring 
iiilbiences  of  politics; 
hence  it  was  because 
of  his  sterling  abilit)- 
as  a  i^hysician  that 
he  was  appointed  a 
memlier  of  the  City 
Hoard  of  Health  in 
.\pril,  bs'.i;;.  He  has 
devoted  to  the  du- 
ties of  the  office  yer^- 
lliouL^htful  care,  anil  his  adxice  has  on  several 
occasions  jjroved  \alnable  in  the  extreme. 

I'lOVD,    Tkisthn    Buiiwx,  son    of   David    M. 


in  the  j)nblic  schools,  and  choosing  medicine  as      and    F'lizabetli    (  Brown  )     I'.ovd,    was    born    in 


his  profession  he  attended  the  St.  Louis  Med- 
ical College,  taking  a  three  \ears"  course  and 
graduating  in  ISSj.  He  then  had  a  belter 
medical  lraiuin<;  than  a  large  number  of  prac- 
titioners, but  recognizing  the  need  of  fur- 
ther exjieriencc,  he  continue<l  his  studies  in 
F^urope,  taking  a  li\e  \ears'    course  in  the  nni- 


Indianapolis,  on  Christmas  day,  !>>•"' I.  His 
father  was  owv  of  the  early  .settlers  of  Indiana, 
having  come  to  the  capital  of  that  .State  on 
horseback.  He  had  established  a  cabinet-mak- 
ing l)usiness  in  Indianapolis,  and  subsequently 
conilucted  a  furniture  establishment  there.  He 
is  still  livin*'  at  the  aire  of  eiehtv-thrce  vears. 


;«2 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


Youii.t;  Mr.  Hoyd  received  a  preparatory  school 
educalioii  in  liis  native  town,  and  wlien  fifteen 
years  of  age  he  left  school  and  started  out  to 
make  a  name  and  fortune  for  himself.  He 
secured  a  position  as  railroad  clerk  in  the  freight 
department  of  the  old  Hee  I^ine,  remaining  in  a 
clerical  capacity  for  two  years.  In  1.S71,  when 
only  seventeen  years  of  age,  he  was  appointed 
cashier  of  the  road  at  headquarters  in  Indian- 
apolis, being  one  of  the  \oungest  men  e\'er  hold- 
ing a  ]x)sition  of  such  respousibilitx-  and  trust. 
In  ISTIt  he  resigned  his  position  and  came  to 
St.  Louis,  with  the  intention  of  becoming  inter- 
ested in  the  furnishing  goods  house  of  Wilson 
Brothers  on  h'onrth  street. 

In  the  following  year  he  ])urchased  a  half 
interest  in  the  business,  the  name  of  the  firm 
l)eing  changed  to  Wilson  Brothers  &  Bo}d. 
Two  years  subscquenth'  he  purchased  the 
remaining  moiety  and  became  the  head  of  the 
firm  of  T.  B.  Boyd  &  Company,  which  is  now 
recognized  as  one  of  the  finest  and  highest  class 
gentlemen's  furnishing  establishments  in  the 
West.  For  six  years  Mr.  Ho\d  carried  on  an 
exceedingly  successful  and  prosperous  business 
on  I'ourth  street,  during  which  time  the  Boyd 
shirt  in  particular  attained  a  reputation  in  a 
number  of  States,  and  mail  orders  are  still  re- 
cei\ed  for  them  every  day.  Mr.  Boyd  was 
one  of  the  most  enthusiastic  supporters  of  the 
Exposition  in  its  early  days,  and  he  made  one 
exhibit  in  the  year  ISSd  which  probably  at- 
tracted more  attention  than  anything  attempted 
before  or  since.  He  had  a  room  fitted  np  in  the 
highe-st  style  of  effeminate  luxury  and  had  an 
"  old  bachelor  '"  sitting  in  an  easy-chair  in  the 
gaze  of  thousands  who  visited  the  Kxposition. 
By  the  clever  alternation  of  a  live  man  and  a  wax 
figure,  which  resembled  each  other  closelv,  the 
interest  in  the  exhibit  was  maintained  through- 
out the  entire  Exposition,  and  many  liundred 
pairs  of  gloves  changed  hands  over  bets  as  to 
wdiether  the  "  old  bachelor  "  was  a  live  man  or 
not.  Mr.  Boyd  has  been  a  director  in  the  Ex- 
position and  .Music  Hall  .Association  for  six 
years,  and  is  now  its  president. 

Shortlv    after  "old  batchelor"   success,    .Mr. 


l)()\d  lound  it  necessary  to  mii\e  to  nion.-  cnm- 
modious  and  modern  ijuarters,  and  he  accord- 
ingly secured  the  magnificent  premises  on  ()li\c 
street  in  the  Commercial  Building  which  he 
now  occupies,  aiul  where  he  has  more  than 
(liiubled  his  annual  business.  This  is  a  remark- 
able compliment  to  the  firm's  reputation,  and 
another  one  wliich  is  still  more  significant  is 
the  manner  in  which  ,Sl.  Louisans  who  lia\e 
mii\ed  elsewhere  will  remeinl)er  the  establish- 
ment and  send  in  their  orders  from  their  new 
homes.  The  retail  business  transacted  since  the 
opening  of  the  present  handsome  store  on  ()li\e 
street  is  surprising,  and  Mr.  Boyd  is  one  of  the 
few  men  who  does  not  find  it  necessary  to  talk 
"  hard  times."  .Mr.  Boyd's  exceptional  activity 
and  the  hi!.;li  respect  entertained  for  him  by 
people  of  all  classes  combine  to  ensure  success 
of  the  most  gratifying  and  continuous  charac- 
ter. 

While  building  np  his  establishment,  Mr.  ISoyd 
has  supported  every  enterprise  brought  before 
his  notice  having  for  its  object  the  improve- 
ment of  St.  Louis  and  the  betterment  of  its  poji- 
ulation.  He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of 
the  ^Mercantile  Club,  in  wdiich  organization  he 
is  a  director.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Legion 
and  Knights  of  Honor,  and  a  hard  worker  in 
connection  with  the  Union  M.  I{.  Church.  He 
is  highly  respected  both  in  and  out  of  the  city, 
and  is  of  an  exceptionalK'  kindh  and  generous 
disposition. 

He  married  in  l.S7l>  Miss  Eniil\-  Touse\',  of 
Indianapolis,  a  daughter  of  Oliver  Tonsey,  a 
prominelit  merchant  of  that  citw  He  has  two 
sons,  I)a\'id  Milton,  Jr.,  and  Ingram  Fletcher, 
l)oth  of  whom  are  now  studying  at  the  vSmith 
.\cademy. 

G.wi.ORi),  S.-\.MrEi,  .Vuca'.STix,  son  of  hhastns 
and  Sarah  ( Messenger )  Craylord,  was  born  in 
Pittsfield,  New  York,  March  I'H,  \^:V>.  He  is 
of  New  England  descent  on  both  sides,  his 
father  being  a  native  of  New  York  and  his 
mother  of  Connecticut.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools,  and  recognizing  that  noth- 
ing would    more   surely  help  him   in  the  battle 


f      ^^y 


Zf^t 


/;/0(,N.I/'J//(  AL  .U'I'JiNniX. 


338 


of  life  wliicli  facLil  him  than  a  lliorougli 
business  train iiii;,  Ik-  studied  witli  unusual  dili- 
gence, and  at  the  age  of  se\'enteen  was  wlII  in- 
formed and  cjiuilificd  to  engage  in  either  com- 
mercial or  professional  pursuits. 

At  this  period  in  his  life  he  ver%-  wisely  de- 
cided to  come  west,  and  in  18411  he  located  in 
St.  Louis,  securing  a  position  in  the  then  im- 
portant banking  house  of  (jcorge  E.  H.  Gra\'  ^c 
C<>ui])an\-.  He  remained  with  the  firm  for  three 
years,  and  in  1852  secured  a  more  lucrative 
position  in  the  Boatmen's  Savings  Bank.  His 
invariable  courtesy,  attention  to  business  and 
general  aliility  attracted  the  attention  (if  the 
management,  and  as  teller  of  the  bank  he  made 
quite  a  brilliant  record. 

Aftertcn  \-ears'  connection  witl)  the  Boatmen's 
Bank  Mr.  (raylord  resigned,  and  with  his  father 
established  the  brokerage  house  of  Erastus  Ga\- 
lord  (K:  Son.  After  the  death  of  Mr.  Gaylord, 
Sr.,  the  firm  became  (ia\dord  iS:  Levemvortli, 
and  alter  .Mr.  Le\-enworth's  retirement,  Mr. 
John  H.  I^lessing  was  taken  into  the  firm,  under 
the  st\le  of  (laslord  &  Blessing.  This  is  one  of 
the  leading  brokerage  houses  in  the  West,  and 
does  an  immense  business  in  stocks  and  bonds 
of  all  kinds,  except  only  those  of  the  wild-cat 
order. 

During  his  forty-four  \ears  of  residence  in  tliis 
city  Mr.  (iaylord  has  made  an  unique  record  as 
a  mail  of  sound  iiUelligeiice  and  sterling  integ- 
ritv.  His  iudgmeiit  has  protected  his  clients 
again  and  again,  and  \er\-  large  sums  of  money 
are  placed  in  his  hands  from  time  to  time  for 
iiucstiiK'Ht .  lie  has  made  a  stiuh  ol  financial 
and  market  conditions  and  has  reduced  the  usual 
process  of  guessing  to  a  science.  His  partner, 
Mr.  Blessing,  has  lieen  connected  with  the  house 
since  l^>lil',  and   has  been   a  jnirlner  siiu-i.'  JSSl. 

Mr.  Cay  lord  has  not  taken  an  active  part  in 
l)olitics,  though  bis  advice  has  1)een  frequeiUK 
sought  l)\  the  cit\'s  financiers.  He  married  in 
1S()()  Miss  l-'rances  .\.  ()tis,  of  liatavia.  New 
York,  who  died  in  l''^7i),  lea\ing  two  children, 
one  ol  whom  is  now  connected  with  the  firm. 
His  second  wifi-  was  Miss  Clara  I'.  ISillou,  of 
St.  l.onis. 


(kiiSON,  Ch.\ri,e.s  Eldon.  a  promising  young 
lawyer,  who  has  inherited  many  of  the  gifts  of 
his  distinguished  father,  is  the  subject  of  this 
brief  sketch,  who  was  born  in  vSt.  Louis  October 
2ii,  istio.  His  father  is  the  Hon.  Charles  Gibson, 
patriot,  scholar,  orator,  eminent  lawyer,  states- 
man and  jiatron  of  literature,  whose  distin- 
guished merit  has  been  rewarded  by  a  high 
title  of  nobilit}-  conferred  b\-  a  European  mon- 
arch. 

Through  his  father  the  \-oung  man  is  des- 
cended from  the  Gibsons  of  Virginia,  a  name 
tliat  has  been  conspicuous  throughout  the  entire 
liistor\-  of  the  Old  Dominion.  Through  his 
mother,  who  was  \'irginia  (ramble,  daughter  of 
Archibald  (ramble,  he  is  related  to  the  old  and 
]H-oininent  St.  Louis  family  of  that  name. 

\'ouiig  Charles  E.  was  educated  in  the  St. 
Louis  public  schools,  finishing  at  the  High 
School,  from  which  he  graduated  with  honors. 
He  had  long  liefore  this  elected  to  follow  llie  law 
as  a  calling,  and  on  leaving  school  began  to 
stud\'  in  his  father's  office,  lender  such  an 
excellent  preceptor  he  finished  his  course  and 
was    duly   admitted  to  the   bar    in  June,    LSrSO. 

He  became  associated  with  his  father  and  at 
once  demonstrated  his  a(la]itabilit\'  to  the  calling 
b\'  the  assistance  he  was  able  to  render  the 
former.  This  arrangement  continued  up  to  ISSH, 
when,  through  the  admission  of  Judge  Bond  \\\\.o 
the  firm,  its  st>le  became  Gibson,  Bond  ,S:  (lib- 
soii.  in  1  ■'^I'l' Judge  Bimd  was  re-elected  to  the 
bench  of  the  Court  of  .\])])eals,  and  the  firm  again 
became  Gibson  iS:  Gibson,  as  which  it  is  known 
to-day. 

In  ]u)litics  Mr.  Gibson  is  a  Democrat.  He  is 
unmarried. 

Coi.i.iNS,  MoNKoi"  R.,|r.,  is  a  man  whose 
name  is  familiar  to  most  St.  Louisans.  He  was 
bi)rn  and  reared  in  this  eit\',  and  his  lamilv  is  a 
conspicuous  one,  he  being  the  grand-nephew  of 
Jesse  and  I'eter  Lindell,  and  one  of  the  princi- 
pal heirs  of  the  vast  estate  of  that  wealthy 
family.  Ivspecially  is  Mr.  Collins  well  known 
in  real  estate  circles,  not  only  on  account  of  the 
wide  extent  of  his  deals  in  that  line,  but  also 


•a:u 


OLP  AND  N/iW  ST.   /.Of  VS. 


because  of  llif  rare  business  energy  and  ability 
he  has  broutjht  to  l)ear  on  tlie  business. 

He  was  Ixirn  Kel)ruary  •*<,  bsr)4,  and  received 
the  tluisliiujj;  courses  of  his  education  at  \\'asli- 
incrton  University.  On  leaving  school  he  en- 
tered on  a  mercantile  career,  beginning  as  a 
clerk  in  the  wholesale  grocery  house  of  J.  I). 
Wells  &  Company.  In  lf>7!t  he  entered  into  a 
partnenship  with  Delns  R.  Haynes,  and  together 
thev  embarked  in  the  real  estate  business.  This 
arrangement  continued  up  to  1>^S4,  when  the 
partnership  was  dissolved  and  he  organized  the 
firm  of  which  he  is  the  present  head. 

He  does  a  regular  real  estate  business,  rents, 
buys,  sells,  collects,  acts  as  agent  for  investors, 
etc.,  and  the  history  of  his  transactions  have 
been  marked  by  the  large  number  of  important 
transfers  he  has  closed  and  the  number  of  big 
foreign  investors  he  represents  here.  Remark- 
ably sound  judgment  has  characterized  all  his 
moves  in  the  real  estate  field,  and  to  this  is 
doubtless  due  his  cous]3icuous  success.  .Mr. 
Collins  was  induced  1)\'  liis  friends  se\-eral  years 
ago  to  become  a  candidate  for  the  House  of 
Delegates.  He  was  elected,  and  during  liis 
incum1)ency  made  a  most  efficient  and  al)le 
public  servant,  acting  as  chairman  of  the  wa\s 
and  means   connnittee  and    as   speaker  pro  tem. 

Mr.  Collins  is  a  young  man,  and  from  what 
he  has  already  accomplished  gives  great  ])romise 
of  rising  to  a  high  position  in  the  commercial 
world. 

CuMMiNGS,  John  C.a..mi'beli„  A.M.,  M.I)., 
son  of  Robert  E.  Cummings  and  Mary  Campbell 
Cummings,  was  born  in  Washington  countv, 
Virginia,  July  d,  l.s^T.  He  was  educated  at 
private  schools  and  at  luist  Tennessee  Uni- 
versity, where  he  graduated  with  credit  in  ISIS. 
He  then  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  James 
Paxton  in  Knoxville,  Tennessee,  and  alst>  had 
the  advantage  of  instruction  from  Dr.  (r.  H. 
Wood.  He  graduated  in  Is.M  and  went  to  New 
( )rleaus.  Ten  years  later  he  joined  the  Louisi- 
ana troops  at  Yorktown  under  (ieneral  M. 
-Magruder.  He  served  faithfully  throughout  the 
war   as    an    army    surgeon,    witnessing    much 


bloodshed  and  allexdating  an  iuiniense  ammiut 
of  suffering. 

The  war  over  he  returned  to  New  Orleans  and 
in  lS(;s  volunteered  his  services  during  the  e]ii- 
demic  of  yellow  fe\er.  While  attending  the 
\'ictiuis  of  this  scourge  he  became  convinced  of 
the  correctness  of  the  homceopathic  theory,  of 
which  school  of  medicine  he  has  since  been  a 
leading  exponent.  In  1S77  he  was  elected 
profess(n"  of  clinical  medicine  at  the  Missouri 
Honueopathic  College. 

He  was  the  first  to  suggest  a  honuEopathic 
hospital  for  children  in  St.  Uouis,  and  was  one 
of  the  four  first  \'isiting  physicians  of  the  hos- 
pital. He  is  now  ])rofessor  of  the  St.  Louis 
Children's  Hospital,  ])resident  of  the  ,St.  Louis 
Ht)mcEo])athic  Societv,  and  a  member  of  the 
Western  Academy  and  .State  Institute  of  Homce- 
opatln-.  (_)n  May  2,  ISiiT,  about  eight  years 
before  his  removal  to  St.  Louis,  Dr.  Cummings 
married  Mrs.  W  A.  Logan,  daughter  of  Judge 
J.   R.  Nicholson,  of  Mississippi. 

BuiCrHT,  Wru.r.^.M,  son  of  Sanniel  and  Marv 
(  Uarmington )  Bright,  was  born  in  Cheshire, 
England,  in  the  year  ls;;().  His  ])arents  were 
not  in  affluent  circumstances,  and  he  attended 
school  very  irregnlarh-  until  he  was  twelve 
years  of  age.  In  .\])ril,  1S44,  he  left  England 
altogether  and  accompanied  his  uncle  to  ,\nier- 
ica.  The  new-comers  located  in  St.  Louis, 
which  at  this  i^eriod,  se\-enteen  years  before  the 
war,  was  a  ri\-er  town  just  coming  into  promi- 
nence, but  with  a  coniparati\'eI\-  small  tralTic, 
even  on  the  Mississipj^i. 

Young  William's  early  career  here  was  beset 
with  tronl)le.  His  uncle  died  in  1S4."),  leaving 
him,  at  the  age  of  fifteen,  entirely  alone  and 
among  comparative  strangers,  with  very  little 
mone\'.  He  was  not  discouraged,  however,  but 
hunted  up  work,  and  in  ( )ctober,  1S4.'),  secured 
a  position  as  errand-bo\-  in  the  type  foundr\-  of 
Mr.  A.  P.  Ladew.  Very  little  type  at  that  time 
was  made  in  this  section  of  the  countrv,  the 
bulk  of  the  manufacturing  being  in  Philadelphia 
and  the  East.  Mr.  Ladew's  foundry  was  the  first 
in  the  West,  having  been  started  here  in  1S4(). 


i!i()(,R. iriiicAL  APPi-:\nix. 


885 


The  new  erraiid-bo)-  became  popular  with  liis 
ciiiplo\er.s,  and  soon  rose  both  in  their  esteem 
and  in  llie  .s^rade  of  work  he  was  called  upon  to 
perform.  He  was  promoted  from  position  to 
]i()sition,  and  filled  each  with  a  painstaking^  care 
which  commended  itself  to  all  with  whom  he 
came  in  contact.  In  tlie  \ear  istll  it  was  de- 
cided to  inciH'porate  the  comjian)-  as  the  vSt.  lyouis 
'r\])e  Fonndry,  and  Mr.  Bright,  who  was  then 
in  the  office  doini^  clerical  work,  was  elected 
secretary.  He  retained  this  position  fortwent)- 
fi\e  \ears,  and  in  1<S<S(>,  on  the  reincorporation 
of  the  business,  he  was  elected  president,  a  po- 
sition he  still   h<.)lds. 

The  company  is  now  one  of  the  lari>;est  in  the 
country.  It  does  a  very  large  business  in  St. 
I.onis  and  throui^hont  the  entire  West  and  South, 
its  specialty  being  the  manufacture  of  laboi--sa\  - 
ing  type,  ])apcr  cutters  and  Alustang  mailer.  It 
has  equi])])ctl  hundreds  of  newspaper  offices  in 
the  towns  which  ha\-e  sprung  up  in  the  West 
during  the  last  quarter  of  a  century,  and  its  lib- 
eral treatment  is  proverbial  in  the  newspaper 
fraternity.  It  also  carries  a  \ery  large  line  of 
l\pc,  ]irinling  and  ])rinters'  uiachiner\-  for  job- 
bing lu)uscs,  and  is  relied  u])on  in  an  eniergenc\' 
1)\-  man\'  of  the  large  houses  west  of  the  Missis- 
^i])|ii  ri\er,  as  well  as  a  very  large  number  east 
of  that  di\-iding  line. 

I'or  (i\er  thirtv  years  it  carried  on  a  large  l)us- 
iness  in  ])a])er  and  paper  supplies,  it  having 
been  the  oldest  paper  warehouse  in  the  .Missis- 
■~ipi)i  \'alle\-;  but  the  rapid  increase  of  its  type 
and  press  business  comi)elled  it,  a  short  time 
ago,  to  relin(|uish  this  branch,  the  good-will  ot 
which  was  snld  to  one  of  the  large  jiai^er  houses 
in  St.  I,nuis.  The  ca]iital  of  the  comjianv  is 
sIl'(i,(i((().()(I,  and  under  Mi.  I'.right's  energetic 
ni:iii,i;^rnuiit  il  is  increasing  its  business  e\'ery 
iiidiith.  Il  lIa-^  a  sjiecial  reputation  forcarr\ing 
coinplilt-  lino  ol  noxellies  and  new  ideas  in 
l\  jie  and  suiiiliies,  and  it  is  second  to  none  in 
its  nUirprise  in  this  regard. 

Ml.  I'lriglu's  career  has  been  a  remarkable  t)ne. 
'Pile  ixpression,  "  a  self-made  man,"  scarcely 
covers  his  career.  lie  has  been  connected  with 
the  same  lion.se  for  iiearK    lift\'    \ears,  and   ha\- 


ing  started  in  on  a  salary  barel\-  sufficient  to 
provide  him  with  food  and  lodging,  he  is  now  at 
the  head  of  the  undertaking,  a  respected  and 
prosperous  man.  His  steady  rise  has  been  in  a 
great  measure  due  to  his  own  individual  charac- 
ter, and  he  is  regarded  to-day  as  one  of  the  most 
honorable  men  to  be  found  in  business  of  am- 
descrijjtion. 

Mr.  Bright's  success  has  in\'ol\ed  a  great  deal 
UKue  than  the  accumulation  of  jiersonal  wealth. 
Xo  man  has  done  more  than  he  has  to  bring  the 
t>pe-foundry  business  to  the  front  in  the  West, 
and  his  influence  has  been  felt  over  a  \ery  large 
field.  Not  onh-  has  he  built  nj)  a  highlv  pros- 
perous business,  but  he  has  formed  ccninections 
running  over  a  vast  area,  many  of  the  points  to 
which  he  ships  being  on  the  other  side  of  what 
have  long  been  regarded  as  type-foundry  centers. 
The  shipping  trade,  both  by  express  and  freight, 
has  assumed  proportions  of  great  magnitude, 
and  he  has  popularized  St.  I^ouis  as  a  i)rinters' 
suppK'  point  to  an  extent  not  alwavs  recog- 
nized. His  relations  with  his  customers  in 
distant  States  have  been  of  the  most  pleasant 
character. 

He  was  last  married  in  the  vear  1N7M  to  .Mrs. 
Cornelia  A.  Gleason,  and  has  five  children.  He 
resides  in  a  semi-suburliau  home  on  Forest  I'ark 
boulevard,  near  Xewstead  avenue,  and  at  the 
age  of  sixty-four  is  in  the  enjoyment  of  \-igorous 
health  and  energy. 

Ck.WVKokd,  Hic.ii  .\. — F"ew  men  in  the  West 
have  more  important  or  more  dixersified  busi- 
ness interests,  and  few  men  sustain  the  weight 
of  lieavier  commercial  cares  or  adniinister  their 
details  with  a  wiser  or  more  decisive  ability  than 
.Mr.  Hugh  .\.  Crawford,  who  came  to  St.  Louis 
in  bs7l  limn  1  Viiiisx  haiiia,  which  he  hails  as 
his  uali\e  Stall.-.  IK-  was  liorii  in  Xi-wcastle, 
in  January,  l-sil.  His  mother's  maiden  name 
was  Mary  R.  List.  She  was  a  superior  woman, 
and  his  father  was  .Mexander  I,.  Crawford, 
whose  history  is  the  histor\-  of  the  iron  industr\- 
of  the  great  iron  producing  States  of  IVnnsxl- 
\aiiia,  Wisconsin,  ()hio,  Tennessee,  Michigan 
and  Indiana. 


•,v.w 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   /.OCfS. 


He  was  a  poor  boy  and  liad  to  make  liis  own 
way  in  tlic  world,  l)iit  iIk-  iiualities  of  success 
were  born  witli  him.  As  his  life  afterwards 
proved,  he  was  a  rcmarkalde  man  in  nian\  re- 
spects, and  all  who  knew  him  were  impressed 
with  his  wonderful  enerjjy  and  dash.  Although 
he  seldom  erred  in  business  he  was  venturesome 
even  to  the  point  of  rashness,  and  it  is  static!  on 
ijood  authority  that  he  bou.tjht  the  first  iron  roll- 
incj  mill  he  ever  saw,  ran  it  himself  and  made  out 
of  it  the  first  year  enout{;h  money  to  pa\-  for  it 
in  full. 

While  livino  in  Newcastle,  J\Ir.  A.  L.  Craw- 
ford built  the  .^^tua  Iron  Works  and  .Etna  Blast 
Furnaces,  and  owned  larj^ely  in  the  Crawford 
Iron  and  Steel  Works;  owned  blast  furnaces  at 
New  Wilmington,  Penus\lvania;  Lowell,  Ohio; 
Terre  Haute,  Indiana;  and  was  largely  inter- 
ested in  iron  and  coal  mining  in  Peiins\l\ania, 
Ohio,  Indiana,  Missouri  and  Tennessee.  He 
was  also  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Pittsburgh 
.^  .\shtabula  Railroad  and  the  Newcastle  &; 
Beaver  \'alley  Railroad,  and  built  ami  owned 
the  Nashville  &:  Knoxville  Railroad  at  the  lime 
of  his  death  at  his  home  in  Newcastle,  A])ril  1, 

ISIK). 

He  was  even  then,  although  in  his  seventy- 
si.xth  year,  actively  engaged  in  the  management 
of  many  vast  enterprises,  and  right  up  to  the 
close  of  his  career  he  was  a  cons])icuous  and 
striking  example  of  that  great  factor  of  American 
life,  the  self-made  man.  He  amassed  a  great 
fortune,  but  it  was  by  his  own  legitimate  effort, 
and  it  was  used  in  the  employment  of  labor  and 
developing  and  benefitiug  the  countrv.  He 
was  a  man  of  rugged  hone.sty,  and  mau\-  traits 
of  his  character  were  made  forcibl\-  apparent,  as 
was  to  be  expected  in  a  man  who  built  the  fabric 
of  such  a  magnificent  success  and  impressed 
himself  .so  deeply  on  the  commercial  and  manu- 
facturing history  of  his  time. 

Hugh  A.  Crawford  was  educated  in  the  i)ul)lic 
schools  until  he  was  seventeen  years  old,  when 
he  took  a  position  as  weighing  clerk  in  one  of 
his  father's  mills  at  Newca.stle.  At  the  end  of 
a  year  he  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  a  ship- 
ping clerk,  which   last  named  ixjsiliou  he  also 


held  one  year  and  llieii  ipiil  the  mill  to  lake  a 
course  at  Iron  Cit\-  Commercial  College,  at  Pitts- 
burgh, Pennsylvania.  When  he  finally  left  col- 
lege he  took  charge  of  a  coal  mine,  in  whii-li  he 
held  an  interest,  in  Mercer  connl\-,  Penns\l\-ania, 
a  ])lace  he  held  for  nine  \ears,  or  until  1S7|,  in 
which  )ear  he  came  to  vSt.  Louis  to  lake  the 
management  of  the  .Missouri  Iron  Cmnpaux-,  and 
act  as  vice-president  and  jiurchasing  agent  of  the 
St.  Louis,  Salem  iS:  Little  Rock  Railroad.  In 
l,ss;5  he  was  made  president  of  the  Missouri  Iron 
ConipauN',  and  about  the  same  time  he  was 
elected  jjrcsideut  of  the  Sligo  iMiruaee  Com- 
])any,  which  had  been  organized  in  I.SND.  The 
St.  Louis,  vSalem  i.\:  Little  Rock  Railroad  was 
organized  in  1S71,  and  as  such  o])eraled  until 
I<SS(i,  when  it  was  sold  to  the  St.  Louis  ^:  San 
Francisco,  Mr.  Crawford  being  connected  with 
the  road  up  to  that  lime.  IJcitli  llie  .Missouri 
Iron  CompauN'  and  the  .Sligo  Inirnaee  Com- 
pan_\-,  under  .Mr.  Crawford's  nuinagemeut,  have 
been  brought  to  a  most  successful  and  pros- 
perous condition.  P)olli  are  located  in  Dent 
cotuit\',  Missouri,  and  the  former  is  engaged  in 
the  mining  of  iron  ore  and  is  capitalized  for 
s;')()(),()0();  capacit\-  of  the  Sligo  Furnace  is 
17,()(K)  tons  of  pig  iron  each  year,  and  it  is  oper- 
ated by  a  capital  of  S!l(H),()()(). 

.Mr.  Crawford's  business  interests  are  \ery 
dixersified  and  far-reaching.  He  is  president  of 
the  Champion  ].,aud  &.  Lumber  Company,  of  .St. 
Louis,  o])eraling  in  Missouri  land  and  hnuber; 
he  is  \'ice-presidenl  of  the  Naslu'ille  Ov  Knowille 
Railroad  of  Tennessee;  he  is  the  first  vice-jDresi- 
deut  of  the  Continental  National  Bank,  and  has 
been  a  director  since  IMTit,  when  it  was  a  State 
l)ank  located  on  Third  street.  In  1SS!I  it  was 
nuide  a  national  bank,  and  since  then  it  has  been 
moved   from  Third  to  Fourth  and  01i\-e,  and  its 

capital   increased   from   s  1(1(1,(1011  to  si>, ,()()(). 

He  is  director  of  the  Vigo  Iron  Company,  of 
Indiana,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $.jO,()()();  a 
director  of  the  Wabash  Iron  Company,  of  Terre 
Haute,  Indiana,  capital,  ?!.S(), ()()();  Gadsden  Iron 
Company,  of  Alabama,  capital,  S12."),0()();  Craw- 
ford Coal  Company,  of  Indiana,  and  of  the 
Union  Trust  Company,  of  St.  Louis;  and  presi- 


^^^^ 


T 


^v6 


i;iO(,i<.  in  IK  A  I.  .  t/'j'/:.\'/y.\. 


83/ 


(lent  of  Crawford  Coal  (S:  Iron  Comjiain  ,  of  Ttii- 
nessec,  capital,  .<!l,(K)(),0()(i. 

Ill  character  .Mr.  Crawford  is  ])ositi\e,  decis- 
i\e  and  eneriijetic. 

Mrs.  Crawford  was  Miss  Judith  II.  lv\ans,  of 
this  cit\',  to  wlioni  he  was  married  in  li^TM,  and 
who  for  her  many  virtues  retains  llu-  lii^h 
esteem  of  a  wide  circle  of  friends. 

l'"r\Kiior.si-:R,  RoiuvRT  Moxkok,  M.l).,  son  of 
Robert  .M.  and  Sarah  Johnson  Fuukliouser,  was 
born  in  vSt.  Louis,  De- 
cember !<•,  l.s.')(),  his 
father  beint;  at  that 
lime  a  ])rominent 
merchant.  Young 
Robert  was  educa- 
ted at  prix'ateschools 
in  tliis  city,  and  then 
entered  the  I'uiver- 
sit\'  of  N'irginia, 
where  he  graduated. 

He  pursued  his 
suidiesat  Dartmouth 
College,  Hanover, 
Xew  Hampshire, 
where  he  graduated 
in  I'^T  1 ,  taking  the 
degrees  of  Master  of 
Arts  and  Bachelor  of 
Arls.  .\fter  this  he 
entered  Columbia 
Law  vSchool,  of  Xew 
York  City,  studying 
both  law  and  nu-di- 
cine  and  graduating 
Laws. 

He  again  graduated  in  l>i7l  Irom  tlu-  uudical 
(lepaMuKiU  of  iIr-  I'niversitN'  of  Xew  \"ork,  and 
adopting  medicine  as  liis  ]>rofession,  practiced 
for  one  \  ear  in  the  hos])itals  of  the  great  nietro]i- 
ulis.  In  INT.')  lie  returned  to  St.  Louis  and 
ser\ed  for  three  vear.s  as  assistant  demouslralor 
of  the  .Missouri  Medical  College. 

in  1H7()  Dr.  iMinkliouser  look  an  actiw  i)arl 
in  ihe  louudiug  of  the  lleaumonl  Mi-dical  Col- 
lege, holding  the  chair  of    clinical  surgerx   until 


DR.   k.   M.   I  I'NKHOl'SKR. 


1>>7.">    as   Bachelor  of 


\W\.  .\nioiig  his  present  engagements  the 
Doctor  is  consulting  physician  to  the  City  and 
I'emale  Hos]iitals,  is  surgeon  to  the  South  Side 
Dispensarv,  and  is  also  a  prominent  member  of 
the  .\niericaii  Medical  Association,  State  Med- 
ical .\ssociation,  vSt.  Louis  Medical  Association, 
and  .Medico-Chirurgical  Society. 

The  Doctor  was  married  in  vSejJteinber,  1SX2, 
to  Mi.ss  Cantrell,  of  \'irgiiiia,  by  whcmi  he  had 
one  child.  He  married  a  second  time,  in  Sep- 
tember, l>ilil,    Miss  Cioodding,  also  of  \'irginia. 

He  is  a  prominent 
.Mason,  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Legion  of 
Honor,  and  stands 
very  high  in  tlie  es- 
timation oi  the  .gen- 
eral public.  He  is 
still  in  the  j^rime  of 
life,  and  is  every 
year  establishing 
himself  more  tlior- 
ouglih'  as  one  of  the 
leading  phvsiciaiisof 
the  West. 

K.iNi:.\i.v,  .MiciiA- 
V.h,  the  son  of 
James  and  .Margaret 
(  Mc(  laureii  )  K  i  n  - 
ealy,  was  born  in 
Cavan,  Province  of 
Ulster,  Ireland,  Sep- 
tember 7,  1S;>').  He 
was  educated  in  the 
"old  sod,"  taking  the  iMcparatory  courses  of 
private  .schools  and  at  Rilniore  .\cadeniy,  and 
tinishing  at  Oueeirs  ruiversity,  now  Royal 
ruiversilv,giadualiiig  in  IJ^-'*;")  asacivil  engineer. 
.\fter  this  he  workeil  a  short  time  at  his  pro- 
fession, or  until  he  was  elected  assi.stant  of  the 
Ci\il   luigineering    luslilule   of    Ireland. 

I'"eeliiig  a  desire  to  try  his  strength  in  a  wider 
licld,  he  left  the  institute  and  went  to  Knglaiid, 
where  he  was  eni])loyed  in  the  oflice  of  a  designer 
of  iron  -hips.  His  nexl  move  was  to  Canada, 
which    he    reached    in    1S.')7.    and  .soon  secured 


22 


;!;;s 


oi.n  AND  Ni-:w  ST.  I. oris. 


cmployiiuiU  ill  Uk- tiis^iiKcr's  nllk-f  ol  iIk-  (iraiid 
Trunk  Railway,  but  in  llie  same  year  went  l<> 
Cliicajio,  tlien  t<>  Wisconsin,  and  in  1  «•'>!'  came 
to  St.  Lonis. 

Ilevc  his  abilities  soon  met  with  recognition 
in  an  a]ii)ointment  to  tlie  prolessorsliip  of 
niatlicmatics  and  chemistry  in  the  Christian 
Hrothers"  College,  a  place  he  luld  until  he  en- 
tered the  Federal  army  in  ISii;;.  At  the  close 
of  the  war  he  beijan  the  study  of  law,  and  since 
his  admission  has  practiced  that  profession  most 
successfully. 

In  ll^fil  Mr.  Kineah'  was  married  tOvSarah  J., 
daughter  of  Ral]ih  Briscoe,  of  Ralls  count\'.  <  >1 
this  union  fi\e  children  have  been  born. 

X<)i.Ki;i<,  W'li.i.iAM  l'\,  son  of  John  !•'.  and 
Anna  Maria  (  ISergman  )  Xolker,  was  Ixivn  at 
Osnabruck,  llancner,  Decendier  (i,  ISIH.  He 
was  educated  at  private  and  ])ublic  schools  in 
ICurope,  and  at  the  age  of  sixteen  came  to  this 
conntrv,  landing  at  Baltimore  in  the  \ear  l'S")7, 
and  remaining  a  few  weeks  with  relatives  in 
that  city.  His  first  em])lo\inent  was  in  the 
Western  Hotel,  Cincinnati,  which  was  then 
under  the  management  of  his  brother,  and  he 
subsequently  worked  for  two  \ears  as  general 
utility  man  in  the  St.  Charles  Restaurant.  His 
ne.vl  work  was  as  street  railroad  conductcu',  and 
after  a  year  of  this  em])lo\  nient  he  was  appointed 
mes.senger  at  the  bank  of  b'allis.  Young  6c  Ccnn- 
pany,  now  the   Merchants'  National   Bank. 

He  was  paid  S:^()()  for  his  first  vear's  work, 
and  when  he  left  the  bank  in  l.S(i;i  he  was  earn- 
ing but  three  times  that  .stipend.  He  next  be- 
came cashier  in  the  wholesale  hardware  store  of 
E.  G.  Leonard  (S;  Company,  and  while  on  the 
pay-roll  of  this  company  he  ser\ed  for  three 
months  in  the  One  Hundred  and  Thirty-seventh 
Ohio  Infantry  X'olnuteers.  Mr.  Nolker  re- 
mained with  Leonard  &  Company  until  bsi;.'), 
when  he  entered  the  employ  of  William  H. 
Shoenberger,  of  Cincinnati,  who  established 
the  \'ulcan  Manufacturing  Company,  of  which 
Mr.  Xolker  was  a])pointed  general  manager.  In 
l^i!7  Mr.  vShoenberger  retired  and  .Mr.  Xolker 
continued  the  business  alone  until  the  \ear  l^iTiJ. 


lie  showed  great  tact  and  enterprise  while 
in  charge  of  this  establishment,  and  he  handled 
a  number  of  patents  very  successfully.  He  even 
went  so  far  as  to  change  the  scope  of  the  manu- 
facture, drdjijiing  bolts,  ri\ets  and  s])ikes,  and 
turned  his  attention  to  light  machinery. 

In  1S7;>  Mr.  Xolker  sold  out  and  at  once 
mo\-e(l  to  ,Sl.  l.onis,  in  which  cit\'  he  has  since 
become  a  leading  cai)italisl  and  business  man. 
Soon  after  locating  here  he  married,  and  spent 
six  months  in  Knro])e  with  his  bride.  Return- 
ing he  jinrchased  an  interest  in  the  brewerv  of 
llrinckwirth  iS:  Ciriesedieck,  the  firm  name  being 
changed  to  lirinckwirth,  Oriesedieck  6c  Xolker. 
In  1.S7.S  .Mrs.  lirinckwirlh  retired,  and  her  inter- 
est was  assumed  In  her  son.  In  June  of  the 
lollowing  vear,  .Mr.  b'rank  ( iriesedieck  died,  and 
the  firm  was  reorganized  under  the  name  of 
Brinckwirlh  6c  Xolker. 

In  bSN2  the  concern  was  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  the  State  as  the  Brinckwirth-Xolker 
Brewing  Compan\-,  with  Mr.  Xolker  as  ])resi- 
dent.  In  ISSII  the  compaiu  ,  consolidated  with 
eighteen  other  large  St.  Louis  breweries,  form- 
ing the  St.  Louis  Brewing  .\ssociation,  the 
largest  corporation  of  its  kind  in  the  world.  .Mr. 
Nolker  was  appointed  treasurer  of  this  enormous 
concern,  and  he  handles  the  large  sums  of 
money  which  ]iass  through  his  hands  with 
great  abilit\-. 

This  brief  sketch  of  Mr.  Nolker's  career  shows 
him  to  be  a  self-made  man.  He  has  ne\'er  been 
afraid  of  work,  and  in  his  \()unger  days  accepted 
any  position  which  pro\'ided  the  means  for  earn- 
ing an  honest  livelihood.  His  zeal  and  integritv 
have  enabled  him  to  acquire  wealth,  influence 
and  respect.  He  is  now  sought  after  whenever 
an  important  ni(n'ement  is  ])rojected,  and  there 
are  few  men  in  St.  Louis  who  stand  higher  in 
public  esteem. 

He  is  a  director  of  the  ( lerman-American 
Bank,  the  Mississij^pi  \'alley  Trust  Compaiu', 
and  a  member  of  the  e.xecuti\e  committee;  a 
director  (>f  the  Madison  Car  Com])an\';  \ice- 
l)resident  of  the  Krein-Ni.xdorf  Manufacturing 
Compan\-;  j^resident  of  the  Kock  H\'dranlic 
Brick    Machine    Compaiu;     a    director    in     the 


4 


liKH.R. \rui(. \\i.  . irricxnix. 


.330 


Comptoii  Hill  Iinproveineiit  Compaiu  ,  and  in 
llic  l*'air  (Tronnds  Association.  He  is  alsi)  con- 
nci-tcd  with  other  important  organizations. 

Mr.  Xolker  married  on  June  •">,  1>>7.'),  Miss 
Louisa  IJriuckwirlh,  dau,<^luer  oi  Mi'.  Theodore 
Hrinckwirth.  Mrs.  Xolker  died  in  JuK',  ISS;!, 
lea\iu<i  fi\e  children:  iM'ederick,  Laura,  Louis, 
\\  illiam  and  Robert. 

Nai.i.i:,  In.iv.s  Kiu.ix.  —  Dr.  Jules  I'"eli\  \'alle 
wa--  horn  in  Si.  Lcmis,  Decemher  -'N,  ls."i;i.  IK- 
was  ijiven  a  K"od 
l^eneral  education  in 
the  schoo  Is  of  vSt. 
Louis  and  at  the  \'ir- 
L;inia  Military  Insli- 
lute.  <  >n  Janiuiry 
l' L  issn,  hi-  was 
married  to  Mary  .\. 
Clover,  dau.u;hter  of 
Jud.y;e  H.  .\.  Clover, 
and  ,i,n-atluated  at  the 
.St.  Louis  Medical 
College  in  U^.s."),  and 
afterward  spent  a 
vear  as  assistant  jiliv  - 
sician  at  the  Cit\- 
llosjiital.  Thenlcav- 
ini;  the  ln)spilal  he 
spent  two  years  trav- 
elinj;  in  Kurope  and 
eonii)letin<j  his  stud- 
ies in  medicine  and 
sur<.;er\  ,  and  since 
his  r  e  t  u  r  n  to  St. 
Louis    he    has    been    in    regular    ])raelice. 

He  is  an  acti\e  member  of  the  St.  Louis  Med- 
ical vSocietN ,  the  St.  Louis  Medico-Chirurgical 
.Society  and  the  St.  Louis  .Societ\'  of  ( )bstetrics 
and  ( i\  n;eco]ogy.  lie  is  chief  of  obstetrical 
clinics  in  the  St.  Louis  .Mi-dical  College  and  a 
member  o{  the  staff  of  St.  I^uke's  Hospital,  and 
is  also  constdting  gymecologist  to  tlie  Female 
Hosi)ita]  and  ph\  sician  to  the  State  IMind  .School. 

Dr.  \'alle  has  alreach-  built  up  a  \aluable 
practice,  and  ranks  as  one  of  the  skillful  ph>- 
sicians  of  the  citw 


UK.  JULBS 


CcjOK,  DouGL.A.s  (L,  was  born  in  Chicago,  June 
3,  1X47.  His  father,  Isaac  Cook,  was  born  in 
New  Jersey,  and  was,  in  the  days  before  the  war, 
a  prominent  politician  and  newspaper  man  of 
the  Windy  City.  In  I«a-1  Mr.  Isaac  Cook,  with 
two  partners  as  assistants,  started  a  paper  named 
Youiio,-  .luicrica,  in  Chicago,  whose  main  prin- 
ciple was  an  tindying  support  of  Stephen  A. 
Douglas,  wlio  was  a  close  friend  of  the  elder 
Cook,  young  Douglas  being  named  for  the  great 
Illinois   Democrat.      .V   few  years  afterward   the 

name  of  the  paper 
was  changed  to  the 
Chicago  Tillies^  b\- 
which  it  is  known 
to-da\'. 

Mr.  Coi)k,  the 
elder,  was  the  ruling 
s])irit  of  the  ])ai)er, 
and  a  very  promi- 
nent man  in  affairs 
of  Chicago  before 
the  war.  He  was  a 
man  of  great  origi- 
nalit\' of  thought  and 
idea,  and  carried  for- 
ward every  scheme 
he  laid  his  hand  to 
\\itli  great  enthusi- 
asm and  energy.  Mr. 
Cook's  mother, 
1  larriet  Cook,  was  of 
Lnglish  ]iarentage, 
her  family  name  be- 
ing Norton.  She  died 
while  little  Douglas  was 


VAI.I.K. 


in   Chicagd,  in    l?^-") 

still  of  a  \ery  tender  age. 

In  the  fall  of  !>«.">!•  the  elder  Cook  sold  out  his 
interest  in  the  Chicago  Tiiius  and  came  to  St. 
Louis,  where  he  started  the  .\merican  Wine 
Companx .  'IMie  company  was  merged  into  a 
corporation,  under  the  lawsof  Mis.sonri,  in  ISfiT, 
with  Isaac  Cook  as  president.  He  continued  as 
the  chief  officer  and  manager  of  the  company  until 
his  death,  in  ISSC,  at  the  ripe  age  of  seventy-five 
years,  whereuiiou  Douglas  (i.  Cook  became  pres- 
ident and  has  acted  in  that  capacity  ever  since. 


HM) 


oi.n  Axn  .\i:W  si:  i.oris. 


Mr.  Cook  spi-iil  liis  \(>ulli  like  most  lio\s,  in 
alUiuliui,^  llio  coninioii  scliools.  He  took  iIk- 
academical  courses  at  Christian  Brothers'  Col- 
le,ti:e,  Notre  Dame,  Indiana,  and  was  niakintj 
further  preparation  for  college  at  Auilitrst,  hut 
was  interrupted,  called  home  and  his  school 
days  ended. 

Mr.  Cook  is  now  at  the  head  of  a  wine  business 
as  extensive  as  is  to  be  found  anyw  here  in  the 
United  States.  The  wine  ])roduced  is  celebrated 
evervwliere,  and  the  label  bearin.<^  the  name 
"  Cook"  on  a  bottle  of  wine  is  looked  ujxm  as  a 
tjuarantee  of  its  excellence.  Indeed,  the  ])erson 
who  will  acknowledoje  that  he  d(jes  not  know 
and  like  Cook's  ICxtra  Dry  Imj^erial  Cham])a<^ne, 
argues  himself  not  to  be  a  connoisseur  of  wines. 
vSuch  experts  as  (ieorge  Augustus  Sala  and  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  England  have  pronounced 
it  the  equal  of  any  champagne  in  existence. 

The  Cooks  have  demonstrated  that  just  as 
good  wine  can  be  ])roduced  in  America  as  an\' 
grown  by  La  Belle  France,  and  the  merit  of  the 
wine  has  spread  their  fame  and  the  name  of 
St.  Louis  all  over  the  globe  wherever  there  are 
cultivated  tastes  which  demand  that  nectar  of 
the  gods — champagne.  They  get  their  grapes 
from  Sandusky,  Ohio,  where  the\-  control  exten- 
sive vineyards,  and  where  a  special  variety  of 
grapes  grown  is  known  as  the  "Cook  grape." 
The  firm  emploxs  thirty  men  constautiv  at  its 
vaults  here  in  St.  Louis.  The  principal  rea.son 
why  Mr.  Cook  has  been  able  to  bring  the  Tnis- 
iness  founded  by  his  father  to  a  point  of  such 
gratifying  success,  is  his  thorough  knowledge  of 
the  business.  He  entered  his  father's  business 
as  a  shipping  clerk,  and  has  worked  himself 
from  bottom  to  top,  mastering  every  detail  of 
the  business  thoronghh-  as  he  pn^gressed. 

R.\XD.\i,i„  J.  Hakrv,  was  born  in  St.  Louis, 
April  4,  1870.  He  is  the  sou  of  John  H. 
and  Kmnia  (Lewis)  Randall,  and  received  his 
primary  education  at  the  common  schools  of  the 
city,  finishing  at  Washington  University.  He 
showed  a  marked  taste  for  art,  and  went  through 
that  department  of  the  university,  graduating 
therefrom  in  1M.S4. 


After  leaving  tlie  uui\ersil\-  he  lltted  himself 
in  a  business  wa\  b\  taking  llu'  course  at  John- 
son's Commercial  College,  where  he  graduated 
in  I'SSS.  His  first  \-enture  of  a  business  nature 
was  assistant  for  J.  B.  Legg,  the  architect,  b\- 
whom  he  was  employed  for  three  years.  After- 
wards he  became  the  junior  member  of  the  firm 
of  Randall  6c  ,Sou,  and  subsequenth'  opened  an 
office  on  his  own  account. 

He  is  now  doing  business  as  an  architect, 
under  the  firm  name  of  J.  Harr\-  Randall  iS:  Com- 
jiany.  A  number  of  splendid  buildings  stand  in 
,St.  Louis  as  monuments  to  and  illustrations  of 
his  architectural  skill.  .\mong  others  that 
might  be  mentioned  are  the  famous  Randall 
Terrace,  at  the  southeast  corner  of  (larrison  and 
Lucas  avenues,  and  the\'irgiiiia  ISuilding,  at  720 
Olive  street,  owned  by  I).  L.  Addington. 
Among  numerous  residences  which  he  has 
erected  which  might  be  mentioned  are  those  of 
L.  H.  Lohmeyer,  B.  T.  Nelson  and  W.  S.  Bell. 

In  all  his  designs  s\inmetr\'  and  elegance  are 
found  side  b\'  side,  and  in  e\ery  dwelling-house 
planned  b)-  him,  special  features  of  marked  value 
are  noted.  Mr.  Randall  is  an  originator  and  not 
a  copyist,  and  his  pt)])nlarity  as  an  architect  is 
largely  the  result  of  this. 

Mr.  Randall  was  married  to  Miss  Birdie 
\"iali,  of  ^Montgomery  county,  -Missouri,  in  l)S8i.i. 

Fkk.xch,  Pinckxkv,  M.D.,  comes  originally 
of  good  old  New  England  stock,  whose  virtues 
he  illustrates  in  his  own  energetic  and  success- 
ful career.  His  parents  were  Isaac  C.  and 
;\Ialinda  M.  French.  He  was  born  in  Audrain 
county,  Missouri,  May  10,  1-Sr)2.  His  early 
education  was  limited  to  the  ordinary  schools  of 
the  neighborh(.)od  in  which  he  was  brought  up, 
but  having  a  marked  taste  for  study  he  succeeded 
in  getting  a  good  general  English  education. 
Deciding  to  de\-ote  himself  to  the  medical  pro- 
fession, as  being  the  calling  most  in  accord  with 
his  tastes  and  best  adapted  to  useful  and  success- 
ful exercise  of  his  abilities,  he  entered  upon  a 
regular  course  of  stud\-  under  Doctors  W.  H. 
Lee  and  John  S.  Potts,  both  leading  physicians 
of   Audrain   countv.      His   career  as  a  medical 


^ 


JilOGRAJ'HK  AL  APPENDIX. 


?,41 


student  was  such  as  to  raise  liitrh  auticipatious  (lurin,t,»-  the  years  1.S.S2  and  l.S.s;-5,  resigniu.^;  to 
in  tlic  minds  of  his  friends  as  to  his  future  in  resume  liis  general  practice.  He  was  during 
medicine.  this  time  associate  editor  of  the  surgical  depart- 

Foliowing  his  course  of  reading,  he  malricu-      nient    of    the    Weslcin    .\[cdictil    and    Surgical 
lated   at    Miami    College,    of   Cincinnati,    Ohio,      /w/«;7fv-,  of  Chicago. 

from    which    institute    he    graduated    in    LST;!.  In  iNiS.')  he  went  to  Europe  for  the  purpose  of 

His  course  of  college  training  was  characterized  ac<|uaiuling  himself  with  the  rapid  progress  of 
hy  close  application  to  his  .studies  and  by  that  modern  .sciences,  more  especially  those  pertain- 
clear  and  ]iraclical  comprehension  of  the  ])rinci-  ing  to  medicine.  The  Doctor  visited  manv 
])lcs  iuvdKed  in  the  l)ranches  of  surgery  which  hospitals  of  renown,  observed  and  .studied 
lia\e  marked  his  subsequent  career.     The  Doctor      closely  the  branches  of  surger\-,  and  gained  much 

useful  information 
and  k  n  o  w  ledge. 
Here  he  was  closeh' 
associated  with  some 
of  the  most  eminent 
physicians  and  sur- 
geons that  the  world 
had  e\er  jjroduced. 
Returning  to  lliis 
country  he  fi)und 
that  the  strides  of 
])rogress  had  made 
St.  Louis  a  cit\-  of 
great  desirabi]it\'  as 
a  place  of  residence, 
and  Dr.  French,  like 
man\'  other  men  of 
progressi\-e  and 
liberal  ideas,  left  his 
native  t  o  w  n  a  n  d 
came  to  this  citv. 
He  became  at  once 
connected  with  the 
Co  1  1  e  gc  of  Physi- 
cians and  .Surgeons,  which  chair  he  lield  until 
In  lf<7!i  he  was  elected  jiresident  of  the  Med-  li^llO.  Ha\ing  accpiired  a  good  practice  among 
ical  ,Societ\'  of  .Xndraiu  County.  Tlie  following  the  best  familiesof  this  cit\',  the  Doctor  tlionght 
\ear  he   was   honored   by   the  board   of  curators      well  of  making  St.  Louis  his  permanent  home, 

and  in   l^lK)   lu-   mo\ed   his  family  and  took  n]i 


innneduUely  located 
in  his  native  town, 
.Mexico,  Missouri. 
Here  his  high  attain- 
ments and  superior 
abilities  as  a  physi- 
cian soon  became 
recognized,  and  he 
rapidly  built  u])  a 
large  practice  w  hich 
he  continued  to  hold 
with  increasing  suc- 
cess and  rejMitation. 
In  a  lew  \ears  he 
was  ajjpoiuted  sur- 
geon of  the  Chicago 
&  .\lton  Rail  road, 
and  surgeon  ol  the 
Wabash  Railroad, 
the  former  of  which 
jiositions  he  con- 
tinued to  hold  until 
July  last,  when  he 
resigned  so  as  to 
gi\'e   atteiUiou    to   other    more  i)ressing    duties 


1)R.    I'INCKNUV    PRBNCH. 


of  the  Missouri  .State  rni\ersil\  with  the  aji- 
jioiutUKiil  to  a  membership  on  the  board  of 
medical  examiners  of  that  institute,  whicli 
]>ositiou  be  held  lor  sexeral  \ears.  Tiie  Doctor 
was  elected   the   first  vice-]iresi(lent  of  the  .Mis- 


his  residence  on  Washington  avenue.  More 
recentl}'  he  has  erectedi  one  of  the  handsomest 
residences  ol  Di'mar  avenue.  The  Doctor  takes 
great   pride   in   Jiis  new   home,  which   is  one  of 


sonri  State  Medical  .Association  in  l>«S-i,  and  was      the  finest   homes  in  every  respect  in  St.  Louis, 
professor  of  surgical  anatomy  in   the  College  of  About  this  lime  the  Doctor  l)ecame  interested 

Physicians  and   .Snrgeon.-*,  of  Chicago,    Illinois,      in  the  organization  of  the  Marion-Sims  College 


342 


OLD  Axn  xi:w  ST.  I.OCIS. 


of  Medicine,  and  was  elected  secretary  of  its  first 
hoard  of  directors  and  also  its  first  faculty.  He 
was  elected  professor  to  the  cliairof  the  principles 
and  practice  of  snrjjery  and  clinical  sur^;ery, 
and  continued  to  hold  same  until  the  sjirin.y;  of 
l.sii:;.  The  Doctor's  experience  in  this  depart- 
ment of  his  profession  gives  evidence  of  his 
heins  an  interestinjj  and  popular  teacher,  plain, 
practical,  ready  of  language,  clear  in  expression 
and  discrimination  in  the  enforcemenl  of  his 
conclusions.  .\t  all  times  has  he  been  in  sym- 
patliv  with  his  students  and  has  ever  looked  to 
their  interest  and  advancement  in  their  studies. 

In  his  profession  the  Doctor  has  no  limit  to 
the  scope  of  his  abilities. 

He  also  conceived  the  idea  of  rearing;  in  our 
mid.st  an  institution  of  medical  learning,  built 
upon  a  true  foundation  of  proper  management, 
and  established  upon  a  policy  of  instruction 
which  would  be  recognized  the  \vorld  o\er. 
Thus  the  "Barnes  Medical  College"  had  its 
birth.  With  the  aid  of  Doctors  Hughes  and 
Carpenter  a  board  of  directors  was  at  once  formed, 
and  the  Doctor  was  made  secretary,  virtualK 
placing  within  his  hands  the  management  of  an 
institution  which  has  had  its  birth  in  prosperity', 
and  with  a  phenomenal  beginning  will  sot)n 
grow  with  uu])aral!ele(l  success  until  it  stands  in 
the  foreground  of  the  ])rofession,  the  representa- 
li\e  medical  inslilution  of  the  West. 

Doctor  French  is  now  in  the  full  \igor  and 
strength  of  manhood,  with  all  his  faculties 
unim])aired.  He  is  a  man  of  great  sagacilx , 
([uick  perception,  sound  judgment,  noble  ini- 
jmlses  and  remarkable  force  and  determination  of 
character.  Honorable  in  e\-ery  relation  of  life, 
and  of  unblemished  reputation,  he  commands  the 
respect  and  confidence  of  all  who  know  him. 

Among  the  many  a.ssociations  of  which  he  is 
a  member  may  be  mentioned  the  Surgical  Asso- 
ciation of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  of  which  he  is 
now  president;  the  ^lissouri  vState  .Medical  .\s.so» 
ciation,  the  Auierican  Medical  -Vssociation,  the 
Mississippi  Valley  Medical  .A.ssociation,  the  .St. 
Louis  Medical  Society,  and  he  is  con.sulting  sur- 
geon to  the  St.  Louis  City  Hcspital. 

The  Doctor  married  in  February,  1.S74,  Miss 


Lne\-  P.  Onisenberry,  of  Hooue  countv,  .Mis- 
souri, a  lady  of  \aried  accomplishments,  and 
of  unusual  brilliancx  of  intellect  and  ciin\ersa- 
tional  powers. 

Fr.\n-ciscu.s,  J.  M.,  Jr.,  the  son  of  J.  M. 
F^'ranciscus,  Sr.,  one  of  the  j)ioneers  of  St.  Louis, 
whose  connection  with  its  commercial  life  as  a 
successful  l)anker  has  alreacK-  been  enlarged 
upon  in  this  work.  He  was  a  native  of  Balti- 
uiore,  .Maryland,  biU  the  sou  was  born  in  .St. 
Louis  in  iMiii.  X'oung  James  was  gi\'en  an  ex- 
cellent education,  which  was  coni])leted  at  the 
Washington  Universit\'. 

.Subsequent  to  graduation  he  made  his  entra- 
in commercial  life  as  a  clerk  for  the  .Siunnous 
Hardware  Companv,  with  which  he  remained 
two  vears.  His  next  i)osition  was  in  the 
auditor's  office  of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  where 
he  also  acted  in  a  clerical  capacity  for  a  term  of 
eighteen  months,  and  left  there  to  take  the 
position  of  book-keeper  for  the  Third  National 
Hank,  with  which  he  remained  three  \ears.  In 
I'S'SII  he  joined  the  real  estate  firm  of  Moffetl  iS: 
Franciscus,  in  which  he  is  still  junior  and  active 
partner. 

Mr.  Franciscus  acted  as  ccmimissioner  for  tlii' 
Lindell  estate,  administering  its  affairs  with 
excellent  judgment  and  to  the  satisfaction  of  all 
concerned.  He  was  ])laced  under  a  bond  of 
s70(),0()(),  and  that  he  readily  gave  it  shows  the 
high  confidence  reposed  in  him  by  the  business 
cominunitN'.  He  also  acted  as  special  commis- 
sioner for  the  D.  \.  Jauuar\-  estate,  giving  a 
bond  of  )?4S.-), ()()(). 

In  uian\-  other  wa\s  Mr.  Franciscus  has  dis- 
plaved  singular  aptitude  for  the  numagement  of 
large  estates.  The  firm  of  which  he  is  a  mem- 
ber has  a  rejiutation  for  reliabilit\'  and  sound 
judgment  which  is  not  excelled  in  the  entire 
citv.  In  addition  to  what  nia\'  be  termed  the 
realt\'  brokerage  dei)arlment  it  also  acts  in  a 
confidential  capacit\-  for  its  clients,  all  of  whom 
place  the  most  implicit  confidence  in  it. 

He  is  an  active  club-man,  being  a  memljer  of 
both  the  Mercantile  and  .St.  Louis  clubs.  In 
1X92  he  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  .Mul- 


niocR.  ii'iiii ".  /A  APi'i-.xnix. 


:^4?. 


lan])li\'      IJoard,    I)iit    after    one    \(.-ar"s     scr\icc- 
rc-siyiic(l. 

(  )ii  jiuR-  II',  \'^'M\  Mi.  l'"raiiciscus  was  mar- 
ried III  -Miss  CatlicriiiL-  (i.  Lindsay,  daui^litcr  of 
Captain  A.J.  Lindsas',  a  retired  arnix'  officer. 
Two  children  have  been  horn  to  tlieni,  one  of 
wlioni,  named  janu-s  Lindsay  Franciscns,  is 
lisin;;. 

.SiiAiM.i'.ir.ii,  j(  nix  Iii..\,si)r:i.,  the  well-known 
ph\'sician,  is  a  meml>er  ol  an  old  and  iionored 
St.  Lonis  f  ami  ly. 
His  fatlier,  An.y;nstus 
!•'.  Shaj)leit;]i,  is  as- 
.sociated  witli  a  s^reat 
man\-  ])ri\'ate  and 
pnhlie  interests,  is 
head  of  the  i^real 
li arc!  ware  liou.se 
Ix-arintf  his  luuiie, 
and  is  the  jjos.ses.sor 
of  i^reat  wealtli,  and 
stands  lii.i^li  amoni^- 
his  fellow-eilizens 
heeause  of  liis  rec- 
ognized worth  and 
i  n  t  e  <^  r  i  t  N  .  '1'  h  e 
mother  of  tliis  suh- 
ject  was,  l)efore  her 
marriatje,  .Miss  ICliz- 
abetli    .\.    I'mstead. 

The  Doctor  is  a 
nati\e  of  this  cil\', 
and  was  horn  Octo- 
ber ;'.L  l.s.'iT.  Ik- 
was  edneated  at  \\'ashiuL;ton  Lnixersitx',  from 
whiidi  lie  .yjradualed  in  l^is,  witli  tlic  de<;ree  of 
.\.l'..  In  order  to  fit  himself  for  the  ])ractice  of 
medicine  heenteri'd  the  St.  Lonis  .Mi-dical  Collej^e, 
and  recei\ed  his  dej^rce  of  M.I),  in  l.sNj.  As 
thorou.i;lniesshasalwa\'sheeMoneof  the  character- 
istics t)f  the  \(ninj:;ph\'sician,  he  was  not  satisfied 
to  hcLjin  iiractice  on  graduation,  as  is  <;eneralK 
done,  but  entered  tl'.e  Cil\  Hospital,  speiidiui;  a 
yearthere  and  practiciui^  in  the  ,St.  Louis  I'V-male 
Hosjiital  for  ancipial  Ieny;th  of  time,  t^ainiuy;  valu- 
able i)raclical  experient-i-  in  both  institutions. 


l)k.    J.    15.    SHAI>lj;i(iM. 


He  liad  reached  the  wise  conclusion  that  onl\- 
throuo;h  specialization  could  the  physician  attain 
the  hij^hest  results  in  his  profession,  and  he 
therefore  be|jau  to  turn  his  attention  to  di.seases 
of  the  ear,  etc.  He  went  to  ICurope  and  studied 
his  s])ecialty  lor  a  term  under  the  eminent  spe- 
cialists of  \'ienna,  .\nslria.  In  is.s.')  he  returned 
to  St.  Louis  and  began  practice,  and  has  met 
with  a  most  flattering  degree  of  success.  He 
has  won  recognition  from  his  professional  breth- 
ren, and  his  services  as  an  instructor  are  held  in 

liigh  esteem.  He  is 
clinical  professor  of 
diseases  of  the  ear 
in  the  vSt. Louis  Med- 
ical College,  and  is 
aural  surgeon  on  the 
staff  of  St.  Luke's, 
tlie  St.  J,onis  Prot- 
estant, and  the 
ICvangelical  Deacon- 
ess  liospitals.  He 
holds  membershi])  in 
the  St.  Louis  Med- 
ical Society,  tlieCity 
Hospital  .M  e  d  - 
ical  .Society,  the 
.Vmerican  Academy 
ot  Medicine  and  the 
. Vmerican  ( )tologicai 
.Society. 

In  jioliiical  a])pli- 
cation  Dr.  Sliapleigh 
is  a  Republican;  in 
religious  matters  he 
subscribes  to  the  doctrine  of  the  Presbyterian 
Church,  of  whicli  he  is  an  influential  member. 
The  Doctor  was  married  ( )ctt)ber  27,  ISSfi,  to 
Miss  .\nna  I".  Merrilt,  of  .St.  Louis.  They  have 
two  children — a  sou  and  dan!.;hler. 

kiNivM.V,  JAS.  R.,  one  of  the  rising  young 
attornevs  t)f  the  .St.  Louis  bar,  is  a  native  of 
Missouri, being  born  at  Hannibal,  July  17,  l.S(ii'. 
His  father,  Michael,  and  his  mother,  Sarah 
Jane  (  Briscoe )  Kinealy  moved  to  .St.  Louis 
count\,  near  the  cit\  ,  in   lM;t;,and  yonngjames 


344 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.   /A^U/S. 


attended  llic  public  schools  until  the  aye  of 
twelve,  at  whicli  period  he  was  sent  to  Christian 
CoUejje  and  spent  fonr  years  within  its  walls. 
Next  enterinjj;  Washinjjton  I'niversity,  he  ijrad- 
iiated  tlierefroni  in  ISS;!  as  a  civil  en.y;ineer. 

He  followed  this  callin.ii'  for  a  short  time  after 
lea\in.i;  school,  hut  could  not  resist  the  strong 
aspirations  within  him  to  follow  in  the  footste]5s 
of  his  father,  and  he  accordingly  entered  the 
hitter's  ofTice  and  began  the  work  of  liUiug 
himself  for  the  law.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  1><)S4,  and  since  that  date  has  liuilt  u])  a 
splendid  ei\il  practice,  to  which  department  of 
jurisprudence  he  de\otes  his  talents. 

In  I'HJil  Mr.  Kineah-  was  honored  1)\-  being 
made  president  of  the  Washington  rui\ersit\' 
Alumni  Association,  and  is  also  supreme  chan- 
cellor of  the  Legion  of  Honor.    He  is  unmarried. 

StikI'.i.,  Otto  b".,  was  bom  in  St.  bonis, 
No\-ember  4,  bS()2,  and  is  a  leader  in  that  class 
of  younger  Ijusiness  men  who  are  the  present 
mainstay  and  the  future  hope  of  the  commer- 
cial growth  and  ])rogress  of  this  metropolis. 
He  is  the  .son  of  Colonel  Charles  Ci.  and  Louise 
Stifel,  the  former  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the 
brewing  industry  in  the  West,  who  is  yet  living 
and  is  an  honored  citizen  of  St.  Louis.  The 
father  was  born  in  Wnrtemburg,  (jermauy, 
seventy-five  years  ago,  came  to  .America  when  a 
very  \onng  man  and  established  a  small  brewery 
at  Wheeling,  West  \'irginia.  After  this  he  was 
engaged  in  various  trading  operations  through- 
out the  country  until  lS4;i,  when  he  came  to 
St.  Louis  and  established  the  old  City  Brew- 
ery at  the  corner  of  Cherry  and  Collins  streets, 
and  tliis  was  the  basis  of  the  fortune  he  af- 
terward amassed.  For  many  \  ears  he  was 
known  as  a  leader  in  the  commercial  life  of  the 
city,  his  capital  being  banking  and  furniture 
manufacturing,  but  of  late  years  nnieh  of  the 
care  of  his  business  has  devolved  upon  his  onl\- 
.son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 

The  latter,  after  the  regular  preparatory  edu- 
cational training,  entered  Washington  I'ui- 
versity  of  this  city.  After  the  completion  of 
the  prescribed  courses  there    he  went  to  Cier- 


uiau\-,  and  in  the  .School  of  TechuologA',  at 
Stuttgart,  conii)leted  his  education.  Returning 
then  to  St.  Louis  he  entered  his  father's  estab- 
lishment to  ham  brewing,  one  of  the  industrial 
cuocatious  which  retiuires  as  uuu-h  or  more 
natural  skill  and  schooling  tliau  many  of  tin- 
professions.  After  remaining  in  his  father's 
brewery  for  some  time  he  went  to  Chicago  and 
afterward  to  Milwaukee  and  Xew  York,  spend- 
ing some  time  in  each  city  ])erfecting  himself  in 
a  knowledge  of  the  science  of  brewing,  with  the 
result  that  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  with  a 
thon)Ugh  understanding  of  all  the  processes  of 
the  business  and  fully  comjietent  to  assume  the 
niauagemeut  of  such  a  great  establishment  as 
that  of  his  father. 

.V  few  years  ago,  when  the  Stifel  Brewery  was 
absorbed  by  the  English  syndicate,  the  directors 
of  that  bod\-,  recognizing  his  business  talent  and 
eminent  fitness  for  the  jilace,  made  him  \ice- 
presideut  of  the  big  concern,  an  oflice  he  \et 
holds. 

^Ir.  Stile)  has  mau\-  genial,  social  traits,  is 
popular  both  in  l)usiuess  and  social  circles,  is. 
generous  and  liberal,  and  is  a  loverof  good  horses. 
He  is  an  acti\e  club-man,  holding  membershi]i 
relation  with  both  the  Mercaulile  and  I'niou 
clubs.  He  is  also  a  member  of  llu-  Masonic  fra- 
teruitw 

( )u  Ajiril  .'i,  |s;i;l,  hf  was  married  to  Miss  b'.Ila 
Conrades,  daughter  of  J.  H.  Conrades,  the  promi- 
nent furniture  manufacturer  of  this  c\\.\. 

Ro.MK.\fKK,  RoDKKiCK  E. ,  the  eminent  .St. 
Louis  jurist,  is  the  sou  of  Theodore  and  Bertha 
Rombauer,  and  was  born  in  Hungary,  ]\Iay  !', 
\><?>?>.  His  father  was  ])roniinentlv  connected 
with  the  struggle  for  Hungarian  indejiendence 
in  bS4.S-4!l,  and  u]iou  the  downfall  of  the  re\'o- 
lutionary  government  became  an  exile.  He 
went  to  England  in  l.sf'.i  and  thence  ti)  the 
United  States  of  America,  which  was  then,  as  it  is 
now,  the  Mecca  of  Euro])ean  Republicans.  His 
famih-  followed  him  in  bs.')L  and  became  ]xirt 
of  the  Hungarian  colony  in  the  State  of  Iowa. 

Young  Roderick  was  eighteen  years  of  age 
when  the  decision   was  reached  to  seek  a  home 


/UOCrK.  l/'/f/C.il.   .  /y"/V;AV)/.\'. 


345 


in  America,  and  in  If^.");!  came  with  liis  parents 
to  St.  Lonis,  wlicrc  many  of  their  coniitrymcn 
had  alreacU'  ionnd  a  liomc.  The  \-oun<;  man 
liad  rccci\'c-d  a  m)od  common  school  and 
ch'issical  c(hication  in  the  old  country,  so  tluit 
inunediately  n]ion  reachinjj  St.  Louis  he  went 
to  Ouinc\  ,  Illinois,  and  secured  a  position  as 
assistant  iin^ineer  on  the  C,  B.  iS:  O.,  then 
hnikliuii^,  he  ha\-ino;  sttulied  en.s^ineerini^'  ])rior 
to  ct)minQ;  to  St.  Louis.  lie  continued  to  assist 
in  the  construction  of  the  road  for  about  three 
vears,  or  until  l'S.")(),  when,  desiring  to  become 
a  lawyer  instead  of  a  civil  engineer,  he  resigned 
liis  theodolite  and  at  Ouinc\-  took  up  the  study 
of  lUackstone  with  Williams  6c  Lawrence,  sub- 
seciucutl)-  Chief  Justice  Lawrence,  of  Illinois. 

.\fter  stud\ing  law  thus  for  a  short  time  he 
entered  IIar\-ard  College,  taking  the  full  course 
and  graduating  therefrom  in  is.VS,  fully  e(iui])i)ed 
to  meet  and  solve  both  the  problems  of  law  and 
life.  lie  at  once  returned  to  his  old  home  in 
•St.  Louis,  where,  after  being  admitted  to  the 
bar,  he  shortly  afterwards  opened  an  office  for 
jiracticc.  He  began  jiractice  alone,  but  soon 
became  associated  with  Mr.  James  Taussig,  the 
firm  doing  luisiness  as  Taussig  6c  Rond)auer, 
until  the  latter  was  elected  tt)  the  bench  of  the 
Law  Commissioner's  Court  in  1SI>;!.  He  held 
the  wool-sack  ol  this  court  until  it  was  abolishecl 
1)\-  the  adoption  of  the  constitution  of  LSi>(), 
when  he  entered  actixe  ju^actice  again,  opening 
an   office  with   (■.  .\.   iMukelnburg  as  a  ]iarlner. 

This  partnershi])  was  dissoLed  in  b'^ilT,  owing 
to  thcremo\al  of  Judge  .Moode\'  from  the  Circuit 
bench,  and  the  a])])ointment  of  Judge  Rombauer 
to  his])lac(.'.  i  I e  made  a  most  im])artial  judge  and 
lilk-d  the  olfice  with  credit  until,  his  term  exjur- 
iiig  in  1S71,  he  again  took  up  his  legal  business. 
I-'or  ten  years  he  jiracticed  alone,  increasing  all 
the  time  the  numbir  of  his  clients  and  adding 
to  his  already  well-established  vtputation  for 
al)ilit\  and  legal  sagacit\-.  In  bSSl  lu-  look 
l)a\id  (loldsmith  into  his  olfice  as  a  partner. 
ShortK  alter  the  formation  of  this  partnership, 
or  in  INS  I,  Judge  Rombauer  was  elected  to  iIr- 
Court  of  Appeals,  an  olfice  he  still  occupies  at 
this  wrilin«'.      Sinci'  his  elevation  to   the   bmeh 


the  Judge  has  been  called  on  to  decide  many 
cases  involving  great  interests  and  fraught  with 
knotty  legal  problems;  among  others,  the  first 
im]K)rtant  controN-ersy  l)etween  the  cil\-  of  St. 
lytniis  and  the  gas  companies;  and  the  case  in- 
\-olving  the  controversy  touching  the  stock  of 
the  State  Bank  of  Missouri,  between  Capt.  Jas. 
P>.  Eads  and  the  State. 

He  was  the  first  jiulge  rendering  a  decision 
setting  forth  the  definitions  of  the  fiduciary  debt 
as  referred  to  in  the  Baukrujit  Acts  of  1^11  and 
IsiiT.  This  settled  the  matter  as  far  as  it  could 
be  settled  by  a  vState  court,  and  was  afterwards 
affirmed  by  the  Su])renie  Cotirt.  The  Federal 
courts  later  also  ado])ted  the  same  \-iew.  Judge 
Rombatier  was  also  the  successful  attorne\'  for 
the  State  in  the  cases  involving  the  right  of  the 
vState  to  subject  the  Iron  Mountain  Railroad  to 
perpetual  taxation,  and  the  North  Missouri  [now 
Wabash]  Railroad  to  the  constitutional  ordi- 
nance tax. 

Judge  Rombauer  is  recognized  among  his 
brethren  as  a  law-yer  of  sj^lendid  mental  and 
legal  attainments.  His  ]iower  of  concentration 
and  analysis  is  su])erb.  His  im])artiality  as  a 
judge,  and  learning  as  a  Iaw\er,  are  onh"  eqimled 
by  his  unimiK-achable  integrit\-  as  a  man.  He 
has  de\-oted  his  life  to  the  study  of  the  civil  law, 
and  few  jurists  anywhere  are  better  \-ersed  in  its 
intricacies  than  he. 

Jtulge  Rombauer  was  nuirricd  while  \et  a 
struggling  lawyer  to  Miss  Augusta  Koerner,  of 
r>elle\ille,  Illinois,  daughter  t)f  Ciovernor  Koer- 
ner, of  Illinois.  This  most  fortunate  event,  as 
their  subsecpient  lives  ha\c  jiroved,  took  place 
in  Decendier,  isd.'i.  They  have  had  six  children 
— three  sons  and  three  daughters.  Two  of  the 
sons  are  following  in  the  footsteps  of  their 
father,  while  the  third,  .\lfrcd,  is  a  mining  en- 
gineer located  at  IhUle,  Montana.  Theodore 
and  I'^dgar  arc  rising  young  attornevs  of 
.St.  Louis.  'Pile  daughters  are  named,  res])ect- 
i\ely.  Berth, 1,  .Sii])hie  and   Irnia. 

Jaml.s,  b'RANK  L<>\vi!i:u,  M.  I).,  .son  of  Thomas 
.Simmons  and  Laura  (  S]iaulding )  James,  was 
born    in    August,     1S42,    at    Mobile,    .Vlal)aina, 


34(i 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOT  IS. 


where  Mr.  James,  Sr.,  was  an  eiis^iueer  and 
arcliitcct  in  lar<je  practice.  Frank  L.  received 
a  jj^ood  education  in  private  scliools  in  .Mobile, 
and  ha\in.ij  made  up  iiis  mind  to  follow  a  sci- 
entific career  lie  went,  wlien  only  fo\irleen 
years  of  age,  to  (Germany  and  entered  tlie  Poly- 
technic School  at  Carlsrnlie  in  Baden.  Sul)- 
sequently  he  prosecuted  his  studies  at  the 
l"niversit\-  of  .Munich  at  Ha\aria,  where  he  was 
for  three  years  a  pupil  of  the  _y;reat  chemist, 
Haron  von  Liehitj,  and  other  professors  almost 
as  famous. 

On  the  l^reaking  out  of  tlie  war  in  iMil  he 
ran  the  blockade  and  returned  to  New  York,  ha\- 
ing  secured  from  the  university  a  certificate  of 
competenc}'.  l'ursuiu>;'  liis  jonrne\-  west  and 
south,  young  I\Ir.  James  made  his  way  through 
the  Federal  lines,  and  joined  the  Confederate 
army.  In  addition  to  a  i^reat  deal  of  arduous 
work  in  the  field.  Dr.  James  was  emplo\-ed  in 
munerons  scientific  and  confidential  ca])acilies 
during  the  subse(inent  four  vears.  In  l.Sd.')  he 
surrendered  with  (leneral  Dabney  Maury's  army 
at  Cuba  Station,  Mississippi,  being  paroled 
with  the  Twenty-second  Louisiana  Regiment  of 
Ciib.son's  brigade. 

.\fter  the  war  Dr.  James  tra\eled  very  exten- 
sivel\-  for  two  Ncars,  and  in  l.S(i7  he  accepted  a 
position  on  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Memphis 
Appcaly  now  the  Avalanche-Appeal ,  under 
General  Albert  Pike,  and  subsequently  under 
Tyler  and  Keating.  Being  a  very  able  and 
striking  writer,  he  made  great  headway  in 
journalism,  but  his  eye-sight  causing  him  anx- 
iety, he,  in  1^72,  went  to  Mississippi  county, 
Arkansas,  where  he  spent  several  months  in 
perfect  repose,  being  compelled  to  have  his  e\es 
kept  from  the  light  most  of  the  time.  ( )n  re- 
covering the  use  of  his  eyes,  the  Doctor  went 
to  Osceola,  Arkansas,  and  resumed  practice, 
drifting  back,  however,  occasionally  to  Mem- 
l)his,  where  he  did  noble  work  during  the  yel- 
low fever  epidemic. 

.\fter  this  he  traveled  for  another  two  years, 
and  in  l.H>S!(  came  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  settled 
down  to  the  practice  of  the  profession  in  which 
he  has  since  made  a  .splendid  record.     He  was 


appointed  to  the  chair  of  cliemislrx  in  the  Col- 
lege of  Physicians  and  .Surgeons,  Imlding  the 
position  for  twt)  years,  during  which  he  secured 
an  "ad  eundem  degree  "  in  the  ]>ractice  of  gen- 
eral exi)erim(.  iilal  cliemislrN .  The  Doctor  is 
now  in  practice  as  a  consulting  plnsiciau,  as  an 
exj)ert  in  chemical  and  microscopical  exami- 
nation. I  lis  services  are  in  retjuest  throughout 
tile  entire  country,  and  the  profession  generall\- 
recognizes  that  Dr.  James  is  without  a  su])erior 
ill  microscopical  investigations  and  examinations 
of  a  delicate  character.  His  certificate  carries 
great  weight  with  it,  and  is  iiuaiiablv  accepted 
as  conchisi\e  e\idence. 

In  his  success  Dr.  James  has  not  forgotten 
jiiunialism,  and  his  record  as  a  writer  is  oiiK 
second  to  that  he  has  made  for  himself  as  an  ex- 
pert chemical  examiner  and  microscopist.  In 
1X>S;>  he  accepted  the  editorial  chair  of  the 
.sy.  Louis  .}f(-il/ral ami Siiroiral J<uni/al,  the  old- 
est medical  moiithlv  in  America,  and  which,  in 
connection  with  Dr.  .V.  H.  ( )linianii-Duiiiesnil, 
he  now  edits.  In  the  following  \'ear  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Xalioi/al 
/''n/ooisl.  This  he  left  at  the  close  of  iss.'), 
oiil\-  to  lake  full  charge  of  it  again  on  January 
1,  isss.  His  coiiliil)iitioiis  to  this  latter  period- 
ical are  practical  and  full  of  inlormation,  and 
make  the  journal  of  great  value.  In  ISSl!  he 
practicalK'  introduced  the  subject  of  hypnotisiu 
to  the  Knglish-speaking  peojile.  It  was  then 
lieginniug  to  attract  attention  in  F'rance,  and 
Dr.  James,  in  a  series  of  articles  on  liypnolism 
in  tile  S/.  l.iuiis  ( ilohr-  Dniiinral  ^  entitled 
"  .Vncient  and  Modem  Miracles,"  at  once  di- 
rected attention  to  it  in  this  country.  The  ar- 
ticle was  copied  into  magazines  published  all 
over  the  English-speaking  world.  He  still  oc- 
casioualh-  contributes  both  to  the  medical  and 
secular  jM'ess,  and  his  articles  are  appreci- 
ated. 

The  Doctor  is  unmarried.  He  is  a  man  of  fine 
physique  and  handsome  appearance,  is  a  sjilen- 
did  conversationalist,  and  a  man  who  at  once 
inspires  confidence.  He  has  also  strong  indi\-id- 
ualit\-,  and  has  made  excellent  use  of  his  oppor- 
tunities   for    acquiring    knowledge.        He    is    a 


/!/()(, R.i/'j//( : I/.  . ij'piixiyx. 


?,v, 


Master  Mason,  a  Kiiij^lit  of  P\tliias,  and  a  inein- 
l)cr  of  the  vSt.  Louis  Medical  vSociety,  tlie  Amer- 
ican Medico-Le.i^al  Association,  of  New  York, 
llie  Anuricau  I'iiarniacentical  Association,  Mis- 
souri I'liarniaceutical  Association,  and  of  the 
American  Microscopical  Society,  having  been 
]iresi(k-ul  of  the  last  named  society  and  beiu}^ 
ni)\v  a  mend)er  of  the  i^overnint^  Ijoard. 

R\AX,  iM'tANK  Is..,  sou  of  John  uud  Joliauua 
I!.  (Boomer)  Ryan,  was  boru  in  the  year  bsiT, 
in  Xorfolk,  Connect- 
icut. His  father  was 
a  ])romiuent  citizen 
of  Connecticut,  and 
was  at  one  time  a 
memberof  the  Lejjis- 
lature.  When  b'rauk 
was  about  eleven 
years  of  age  h  i  s 
])areuts  mo\ed  to 
I  )ccatur,  Illinois,  of 
which  citv  Mr.  John 
R\au  was  postmas- 
ter from  I.^iio  to 
l^<ii7,  in  which  lat- 
ter year  the  famih- 
mo\ed  to   St.  ]<ouis. 

The  subject  of  this 
sketch  was  educated 
at  the  Xorfolk  .\cad- 
emy,  at  Xorfolk, 
Con  u  t-ct  i  cu  t,  and 
sul)se(|uently  at  the 
Christian     I5rothers' 

Ct)llege  in  this  city.  lie  then  studied  law  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  the  year  l«7(t,  when 
he  at  once  commenced  practicing  in  .St.  Louis. 
He  attracted  attention  from  the  first  bv  his 
prouijUuess  and  keen  appreciation  of  difficult 
legal  points,  and  his  success  as  an  advocate  soon 
became  proxerbial.  He  served  as  laud  comniis- 
siouiM'  of  St.  Louis  uudei-  Ma\-ors  ibittou  and 
()verstolz,  and   lilled  other  important  ])t)silious. 

Mr.  Ryan  is  a  strong  Democrat,  and  as  chair- 
man of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Demo- 
cratic Stale  Connuillec,  in  the  \  car  INMI,  Ik- did 


FRANK     K.     KV.W. 


yeoman  ser\ice  for  his  ])arty.  The  campaign 
o\-er,  he  de\'oted  himself  (Mice  more  e.\clusi\el\- 
to  jiri\'ate  juactice,  and  soon  became  one  of  the 
busiest  attorneys  in  the  cit\-.  Mr.  Ryan  has 
been  a  very  hard  and  painstaking  reader,  and  is 
intimately  acquainted  with  the  intricacies  of  the 
law  in  this  and  other  States.  He  has  been  called 
ui)ou  to  conduct  a  number  of  very  im])ortant 
cases  involving  the  expenditure  of  large  sums  of 
money,  and  has  been  singularlv  successful  in  all 
his  undertakings.  He  has  a  way  of  investigat- 
ing a  case  very  fully 
when  first  submitted 
to  him,  and  if  he 
advises  active  meas- 
ures, he  leaves  no 
stone  unturned  in 
pushing  the  client's 
interests. 

His  opinions  ha\e 
been  upheld  b\-  the 
highest  courts,  and 
unlimited  confidence 
isaccordingh-  placed 
ill  his  ad\ice.  He 
is  a  man  of  \ery  fine 
pre.sence  and  as  an 
advocate  has  earned 
especial  praise  and 
congratulation  from 
111  em  Ijers  o  f  bot  h 
bench  and  bar.  His 
confident  manner 
and  easy  delixery 
combine  to  make 
his  career  at  the  bar  a  \erv  successful  one. 

XiiOiAW,  ('.r.s'i-A\i{  W. — .Mlhough  born  in 
St.  Louis,  Ciustave  W.  Xicmaun,  as  his  name 
indicates,  is  of  (iermau  origin.  His  father, 
William  X.  Xiemann,  came  to  St.  Louis  in 
IS  I."),  soon  embarked  in  business  as  a  drv  goods 
merchant,  and  tor  uianv  vears  maintained  an 
cstablishnienl  in  that  line  on  F'ranklin  avenue,* 
but  closed  it  out  in  L'^T.land  retired  from  active 
business.  it  was  in  this  cil\  that  the  elder 
Xi(.uiaun    met    and    married    (iusta\e's  mother. 


348 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   I. OTIS. 


will)  was  .Mimia,  (lau.ijlitcr  of  Dr.  Trautrniclit, 
an  tiiiiiuiit  and  well-known  ph\sician  of  Si. 
Loiii.s  before  the  war. 

(Ui.stave  was  bornjnly  27,  1<S.')7,  and  i.s,  there- 
fore, at  this  date,  thirty-.seven  years  of  aj^e, 
althoujjh,  from  his  appearance,  one  would  be 
led  to  the  conclusion  that  he  is  not  as  old  as 
such  fi<jures  make  him.  In  the  public  schools 
of  this  citv  he  was  ijiven  his  education,  and  after 
he  had  finished  the  courses  of  study  therein  he 
made  up  his  mind  to  fit  himself  for  and  adopt 
the  law  as  a  profession,  and  with  such  purpo.se 
in  \iew  entered  the  St.   Louis  Law  School. 

In  l.S7;i,  when  his  father  retired  from  busi- 
ness, (justave  was  sixteen  years  old,  and  as  he 
was  a  shrewd  and  proniisino;  lad  lie  attracted 
the  attention  of  August  (ichner,  who  offered  him 
a  situation  in  his  office.  He  was  industrious, 
quick  and  careful,  invaluable  qualities  in  such 
work  as  the  investigation  of  titles,  and  as  lie 
rapidly  demonstrated  his  capacity,  substantial 
encouragement  was  accorded  by  Mr.  CTchner, 
and  this  resulted  in  a  determination  to  give  up 
his  purpose  of  becoming  a  law\er  and  to  make 
the  title  business  his  calling.  He  would  doubt- 
less have  made  an  able  law\er,  l)nt  has  instead 
made  an  expert  and  successful  investigator  of 
titles. 

vSeven  years  ago,  Mr.  Niemann  had  made 
himself  so  inwaluable  that  he  was  taken  into 
partnership  with  his  employer,  the  firm  l)ecom- 
ing  .\ugust  (leliner  (X:  Comjiau)-.  The  senior 
partner's  time  is  largely  consumed  b\-  a  multi- 
plicity of  other  outside  interests  with  which  lu- 
is  identified,  and  thus  of  recent  years  the  larger 
part  of  the  title  and  investment  business  falls  to 
the  care  and  supervi.sion  of  Mr.  Niemann.  Mr. 
Geluier,  as  well  as  the  nu^ny  clients  of  the  firm, 
have  implicit  confidence  in  him,  a  confidence 
fully  justified,  for  he  has  reduced  the  business 
of  title  investigation  to  an  exact  science,  and 
his  fund  of  knowledge  respecting  such  instru- 
ments entitles  him  to  rank  as  a  high  anthorilv 
'on  all  matters  relating  to  the  titles  to  land  in  and 
around  St.  Louis. 

Although  he  is  very  popular  in  society  and 
has  many   lady  admirers,  Mr.  Niemann   has  so 


far  a\'oide(l  enlanglenient  in  Cnjiid's  lul.  So- 
cialh  he  is  a  genial  and  a  good  ft'llow;  is  a  Jio])- 
nlar  club-man  and  holds  menibershi])  in  tlie 
St.  Louis,  L'nion  and  Noonda\'  clubs;  he  also 
belongs  to  the  Jockey  Club,  and  is  one  of 
the  members  of  the  go\-erning  board  of  that 
bod)'.  He  is  a  Mason,  and  is  an  adept  in  the 
knowledge  pertaining  to  that  society,  ha\ing 
taken  all  the  degrees— thirty-two — in  both  tlu- 
York  and  Scottish  Rite. 

Camkrox,  I'"ii\VAki)  A.,  is  the  sou  of  .Vlexan- 
der  and  Mary  Cameron,  iirr  Henderson.  The 
father  was  a  gifted  architect,  and  is  remenibercd 
in  St.  Ivouis  because  of  the  handsome  Custom 
House,  of  which  he  sujieiinlended  the  construc- 
tion, as  well  as  numerous  otlu-i-  Imildings. 

.\lexander  Cameron  died  August  H,  ISilO. 
His  son  Edward  was  born  in  vSt.  Louis,  January 
>!,  l.siil,  and  is  therefore  still  quite  a  \(iung 
man,  notwithstanding  the  high  place  he  occu- 
pies among  the  architects  of  his  native  city.  He 
took  the  regular  course  in  the  pul^lic  schools 
and  finished  his  education  at  Washington  Uni- 
N'ersitv,  but  this  was  supplemented  b\'  a  course 
in  architecture,  which  he  took  at  Cornell  I'ni- 
N'ersity. 

After  the  latter  course  was  completed  he  re- 
turned to  his  nati\e  cit\'  and  became  his  father's 
assistant  on  the  Custom  House,  then  in  covirse 
of  erection.  He  also  assisted  in  the  reconstruc- 
tion of  the  Kqnitable  Building.  "  Feeling  that  he 
needed  the  benefits  of  a  more  general  practical 
ex])erience  he  went  to  Boston  and  entered  the 
office  of  H.  H.  Richardson.  He  remained  with 
the  latter  until  his  death,  and  afterward  with 
his  successors  until  Lsss. 

Then  he  returned  to  vSt.  Louis  and  resunied 
his  position  as  assistant  to  his  father  until  the 
latter's  death.  His  next  step,  in  a  business  wa\  , 
was  to  form  a  partnership  with  Tlieo.  C.  Link, 
an  association  wdiich  has  since  been  dissolved, 
and  Mr.  Cameron  is  in  business  alone. 

During  his  connection  with  the  Boston  llrni, 
Mr.  Cameron  had  charge  of  the  construction  of 
a  number  of  celebrated  buildings,  among  them 
the  costly  State  Capitol,  at  Albanv,  New  York, 


uan 


a^^ 


/.'/( )(,R.  l/'/i/i '.  //.   .  //'/'AW/ '/.v. 


349 


and  the  Cliirat^o  residences  of  T'lanklin  .Mac 
\ca,i^li  and  J.  J.  (ilessner.  He  also  snperin- 
tendcd  theconslruction  of  Marsliall  I''ield"s  whole- 
sale honsc  at  Chicago.  In  St.  Lonis,  some  of  the 
structures  in  the  erection  of  which  he  was  con- 
cerned are  the  residences  of  Nelson  Cole, 
Charles  C.  Clark,  James  K.  Hereford,  S.  M. 
Hayless,  and  J.  H.  Chaissang;  the  St.  Lonis 
College  of  Pharmacy  and  tlie  East  St.  Louis 
Ice  and  Cold  .Storage  ])lant. 

vSniw  AKZ,  I)K.  Hi-.XKV,  is  a  native  of  (Ger- 
many, Init  came  to  this  countr\'  wdien  seventeen 
vears  old.  lie  is  the  son  of  Jacol)  and  .Susanne 
.Schwarz,  and  was  horn  in  (liessen,  Xox'ember 
II,  1<S.').').  He  was  gi\'en  the  full  adxantages 
the  best  educational  institutions  of  his  uati\e 
l)lace  had  to  confer,  and  was  a  student  up  to  the 
time  he  left  the  fatlierland  to  come  to  America. 

This  was  in  l.ST.'i,  when  he  was  1)ut  seventeen 
years  of  age.  He  first  obtained  a  ])ositi(in  in  a 
St.  Louis  drug  store,  and  gradnalh'  worked  his 
way  u]),  graduating  from  the  .St.  Louis  College 
of  IMuuinacx  in  l^iTli.  He  then  took  tip  medi- 
cine and  entered  tlie  St.  Louis  Medical  College. 
Imoui  this  institution  he  graduated  and  was  given 
his  degree  in  bS7!l.  I-'eeling  that  anv  ]iers(m 
following  the  business  of  curing  the  ills  llesh  is 
luii  til  cauiKit  have  ton  much  instruction  in  the 
methods  of  so  doing,  and  knowing  b\- experience 
the  superioritv  of  (yerman  schools  in  all  branches 
(if  scii-ntilic  knnwledge,  he  determined  to  return 
to  ( iermany  and  a\'ail  himself  of  their  benefits. 

He  entered  the  medical  college  of  the  I'ni- 
versity  of  Giessen,  liis  uati\e  town,  and  grad- 
uated in  is.so.  He  then  received  tlie  aj>i)oiiit- 
uieiit  as  lirst  assistant  ]di\sician  to  the  female 
hospital  attached  t<i  tlu-  riii\-ersity  of  Ciiessen, 
acting  ill  this  cai)acit\  from  iSM)  to  issl. 
Ciiutinuing  his  studies  in  a  ])ractical  capacit)', 
Ik- became  attached  as  assistant  iihysician  to  the 
famed  Iniversity  of  Heidelberg,  holding  such 
position  from  I^'^^'^l  \.o  IS.SH.  Then  he  leluiiied 
to  St.  Louis  and  opened  an  office  for  ])raetice, 
and  as  his  courses  of  preiiaratiou  therefor 
wire  e\ce])tiouall\  exhaustive  and  thorough, 
and  as  he  has  studii'd  and  practiced  with  a   nat- 


ural love  for  the  science,  he  has  been  more  tlian 
ordinarily  successful.  He  has  many  profes- 
sional ollfices  and  connections,  and  is  held  in 
high  esteem  by  his  brother  practitioners.  Mem- 
bership is  held  by  him  in  the  Natur-Historisch- 
Medicinischer  Verein,  of  Heidelberg,  Germany; 
the  Society  of  German  Physicians,  of  St.  Loui.s; 
the  St.  Louis  Academy  of  Science;  the  St. 
Louis  Obstetrical  and  Gyiuecological  Society, 
and  a  number  of  others.  Among  the  inijjor- 
taiit  professional  positions  held  by  him  is  that 
of  consulting  physician  to  both  the  City  Hos- 
i:)ital  and  St.  Louis  F'emale  Hospital.  He  is 
also  profes.sor  of  gyiuecology  to  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  College,  and  is  the  g\n;ecologist  at  the 
I'',\angelical  Lutheran  Hos])ital. 

The  Doctor  was  married  on  Septemljer  L 
IXS^i),  to  a  daughter  of  I\L".  Marciuard  Forster,  of 
this  city,  J.  Laura  by  name. 

Church,  Aloxzo  Chrkstv. — If  a  .sturdy  race 
of  ancestors,  strong  and  vigorous,  both  ]5liys- 
ically  and  intellectually,  give  a  man  superior 
chances  in  the  start  of  the  race  of  life,  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  mav  surely  claim  such 
advantage.  His  ])ateriial  grandfather,  Alon/.o 
Church,  I). I).,  was  born  in  New  England,  and 
sprang  from  tlic  liarch"  Pilgrims  who  settled  those 
shores.  Dr.  Church  was  president  of  P'ranklin 
College  of  the  University  of  Georgia  until  his 
death  in   1^(;:.'. 

His  great-grandfather  on  his  molher's  side 
was  Nicholas  Jarrot,  a  name  that  figures  juomi- 
neiitlv  in  the  early  history  of  the  .Mississi])pi 
\"alle\ .  He  was  a  iiati\e  of  France  and  came 
to  this  country  in  17!H»,  finally  reaching Cahokia, 
in  St.  Clair  county,  Illinois,  in  17!I4.  Being 
possessed  with  a  great  fund  of  energy  and  activ- 
it\  ,  he  at  once,  on  arri\al,  embarked  in  business 
as  an  Indian  trader,  and  by  purchasing  land 
claims  he  came  to  lie  the  greatest  laud-owner  of 
this  section.  He  l)uilt  the  first  brick  house  in 
Illinois,  and  the  si)lidit\-  and  honesty  of  its 
construction  is  testified  by  the  fact  that  it  still 
stands.  This  is  still  in  possession  of  the  family. 
Majoi  jarrot  ditd  in   IS:.';!. 

Alon/.o's  father  was  John  R.  Church,  a  gradu- 


!.)() 


fV./J  .i.\7>  x/:ir  ST.  /.or/s. 


ate  of  Wfst  Point.  He  was  for  sour-  time  an  offi- 
cer ill  tile  re.i,Milar  liiited  States  army,  and  was 
stationed  at  various  points  on  the  frontier.  He 
.served  as  lieutenant  in  the  First  Cavalry,  took 
part  in  a  number  of  canipaisjns  a^ain.st  the  Indi- 
ans and  was  .stationed  with  his  family  at  h'ort 
Washita,  Indian  Territory,  and  it  was  at  this 
fort,  on  Xoveml)er  o,  l.S')!l,  that  Alonzo  was 
horn. 

Mrs.  .M.  I-\  Christy-Church,  now  Mrs.  Scaii- 
lan,  is  a  woiiuui  of  .<,neat  force  of  character,  and 
she  is  vet  livinj^  in  her  elegant  hoine  at  the 
corner  of  Cxraiul  and  Lucas  avenues.  President 
and  Mrs.  Cleveland  were  entertained  there  on 
their  visit  to  St.  Louis.  During-  the  tour  of  the 
great  I-'renclinian,  l>onlaii<;er,  in  .Vnierica,  a 
reception  was  given  him  l)y  ;\Irs.  Scanlan,  the 
only  reception  tendered  Iiim  in  the  l^iited  .States 
at  which  French  was  spoken  exclusi\e]y. 

.\fter  taking  the  ])reparatory  courses  at  the 
grammar  schools,  he  entered  Christian  Brothers' 
College,  where  he  remained  for  a  space  of  four 
years.  Convinced  of  the  benefits  of  tra\-el  and 
to  try  the  famed  colleges  of  Europe  he  started 
for  the  continent  shortly  after  coming  out  of 
Christian  Brothers'  College,  finally  making  a 
temporary  settlement  at  Xeuilly,  France,  where 
he  attended  school  for  a  year.  Next  he  took  a 
course  of  one  year  at  the  celebrated  college  at 
Orleans,  France,  followed  by  two  years  spent  at 
school  at  Hanover,  (iefmany. 

After  a  short  time  spent  in  traveling  over  the 
Old  World  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and  imme- 
diately entered  St.  Louis  LTniversity,  where, 
after  three  years  of  diligent  application,  he 
graduated  in  181^0  with  first  honors.  Having 
for  some  time  been  convinced  that  the  l)ar  of  all 
others  was  the  profession  best  suited  to  his 
tastes,  and  acting  on  that  conviction,  he  went 
direct  from  St.  Louis  University  to  the  .St.  I^ouis 
Law  School.  At  the  end  of  two  vears,  or  in 
1SS2,  lie  finished  his  scholastic  life  bv  graduat- 
ing from  that  institution.  He  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  the  same  year,  and  opened  an  office 
alone  for  the  purpose  of  practicing  his  profes- 
sion, and  has  continued  his  practice  ever  since 
without  an  office  partner. 


Mr.  Church  is  and  has  al\va\s  been  a  staunch 
Deinocral  in  ])(ilitical  principles.  He  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  in  ISIM),  and  during  his 
incumbency  of  the  office  did  most  valuable  serv- 
ice to  the  people.  The  Speaker  of  the  House, 
recognizing  his  ability,  ])laced  him  on  some  of 
the  most  important  committees  of  the  term.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  judiciary  committee,  the 
committee  appointed  to  redislrict  the  .State  con- 
gressionally,  and  was  chairman  of  the  insurance 
committee.  During  the  last  regular  session  he 
introduced,  advocated  and  succeeded  in  passing 
the  bill  whereby  the  State  of  Missouri  ceded 
jurisdiction  o\er  the  ground  on  which  Jefferson 
Barracks  stand  to  the  h'ederal  go\-crninent.  He 
is  also  llif  author  of  that  e\celleiit  economii- 
measure  enabling  savings  banks  to  recei\e  de- 
jiosits  fnnn  one  dollar  nii  and  to  pa\-  interest  on 
the  same;  anil  tlie  law  is  in  opeialion  and  ex- 
ceedingK'  pojiular  thronghnut  tlu'  Stale  at  the 
present  time. 

Mr.  Church  is  aiiofficerol  main  enrporali(.)iis. 
Among  others,  he  is  a  director  of  the  .\merican 
Exchange  Bank,  vice-president  of  the  Wiggins 
Ferry  Company,  x-ice-jiresident  of  the  Transfer 
Railwa\-  Compan\-,  vice-])resideiU  of  the  Ivist 
.St.  Louis  Connecting  Railwa\'  Coinpain-,  and 
is  the  legal  counsel  for  the  Wiggins  F'erry  Com- 
pan\-,  one  of  the  counsel  of  the  bank  of  which 
he  is  the  director,  and  has  had  charge  of  his 
mother's  business  interests  e\-er  since  he  has 
been  a  member  of  the  bar. 

He  is  a  man  of  marked  social  tendencies,  and 
is  \er\-  popular  with  e\'er\-bod\'  with  whom  he 
comes  in  contact.  He  is  therefore  a  member  of 
the  following  clubs  and  associations:  St.  Louis 
Club,  University  Clnl),  Marquette  Club,  Mercan- 
tile Club,  .St.  Louis  I'air  Crrouiids  Club,  Bar 
.\ssociation,  and  Law  Library  .\ssocialion.  .Mr. 
Church  is  unmarried. 

St.vrk,  Ch.\ki,KS  B.,  was  born  at  .Springfield, 
Tennessee,  June  L^,  1X.")4.  His  parents  were 
Joseph  C.  and  Lamiza  .\nn  (Baird)  Stark.  His 
father  was  an  eminent  law\er  of  Tennessee,  hav- 
ing been  judge  of  the  Tenth  Jiulicial  Circuit  of 
that  State.      He  died  on  March  (i,  LSIH). 


(T 


u^c 


f 


iJioGR.  ij>///c.  I  J.  Ai'ri-.xnix. 


351 


Charles   B.  was  educated   at   tlie  Cumlierland      iiess,  which  was  constantly  ,t;;n)\viii,a;  and  required 
rnixersity,   at    Lebanon,   Tennessee.      lie   read      nearly  all  of  his  attention. 

law   at   Springfield,   Tennessee,  in   the   office  of  He  began  it  for  the    purpose   of   familiarizing 

.Stark  ^S;  J udd,  the  former  being  his  father,  and  himself  with  the  decisions  of  the  Missouri 
the  latter  being  subsequently  appointed  judge  courts  and  having  convenient  a  ready  reference 
of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Utah  during  the  first  to  an  authority  upon  any  point  of  law  he  might 
administration  of  President  Cleveland,  and  being  need  in  his  daily  practice,  but  the  (rilbert  Book 
now  a  resident  of  .Salt  Lake  Cit\-  and  V.  S.  Company,  the  law  book  publishers,  knowing  of 
district  attorney  for  the  Territory  of  Utah.      The      Mr.    Stark's   plan   of  work   and    his   method   of 

digesting  decisions,     induced    liim     to    prepare 
his  digest   for   publication,  which    he  did,    and 

the    result    was    the 


subject  of  this  sketch  was  admitted  to  the  l)ar 
Ma\  -7,  l>!7ii.  He  remained  in  Springfield 
until  Max  L  isso, 
when  lu-  came  to  .St. 
Louis,  and  was  ad- 
uiilted  to  practice  in 
the  courts  of  this 
cit\  and  .Slate,  June 
1  I,  issn,  and  en- 
tered upon  theacti\e 
])ractice  ol  his  pro- 
fession. During  that 
year  he  formed  a 
\\-A  rt  nersh  i  ]i  with 
Col.  H.  S.  Lip>- 
condi,  which  contin- 
ued until  Col.  Lips- 
comb remoN'ed  to 
I  ).-n\er,  Colorado,  in 
is^-J.  Mr. Stark  then 
continued  the  jirac- 
ticc  alone  uiUil  the 
s]u-ingof  i'"^'.'  1 ,  when 
lu-  entered  into  part- 
nership w  i  t  li  Mr. 
Waller  I''.  .Mcb'.nlire, 

under  llie  firni  name  of  Stark  ^;  .McIuUire,  which      served  a  term 
continued  for  little  more  than  a  year. 

In  ISSl  Mr.  .Stark  began  the  preparation  of 
a  digest  of  the  rejiorts  of  the  .Su]M-eme  Court  of 
Missouri  and  of  llu- Courts  of  .\ppeals,  and  in 
June,  1.SN7,  his  digest  was  i>nblished  under  the 
name  of  ".Stark's  Missouri  Digest."  It  com- 
prises three  large  xohnues,  and  is  a  most  \alu- 
able  addition  to  the  law  literature  of  this  vSlate. 
'I'his  work  was  the  result  of  three  vears  of  cou- 


CHARI.KS    U.    .STAkK. 


most    com])lete    and 
\aluabledigest of  the 
decisions  of   the  .Su- 
]>reme  and  .Appellate 
Courts  ot    this   State 
that    has    e\er    been 
l)nblished  —  a    work 
that  furnishes  the 
strongest  testinu>nial 
of  the  indefatigable 
industr\-  and    learn- 
ing   of     its    author, 
who,    though    com- 
parati\cl\-  young   in 
his  profession  stands 
high  among  the  old- 
est and  most  experi- 
enced   1  a  w  vers    of 
this  cil\-   and   State, 
in  juK  ,  b^'.in,  Mr. 
.Sunk     was     elected 
attorney  for  the  Pub- 
lic   School    Board, 
was,   b\'  unanimous   vote  of 
llu  board,  re-elected.  Me  still  holds  this  position. 
Mr.  .Stark  is  a  i^rominent  member  of  the  .^La- 
sonic   ( )rder,    ha\ing   been    High    Priest    of    his 
Cliapler  and  .Master  of  his  Lodge;   a  member  of 
the    Knights   of    Pvthias   and    chainnan  of    the 
committee  on   a]>peals    and    grievances    in    the 
('.r.ind   I/)dge  of  Missouri,  and  he  is  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the    Legion   of   Honor. 

While  he   is  uoi   a   poliiieian   in   the   ]iopular 


liuuons  labor,  performed  umstlv  at  night,  a-~   he      acceptation  of  the  term.  Mi.  Stark  lakes  a  lively 
did  noi  pirmil   it   to  interfere  with  his  law  busi-      inleresl  in  politics.      He  is  a  Democrat,  because 


:i.-.2 


1)1. n  Axn  xiiw  sr.  unis. 


that  party  embodies  in  ils  i)riuci])les  what  he 
believes  to  l)e  the  somul  aiul  correct  theory  of 
tjoveniinent;  and  his  voice  is  raised  in  every 
canipaijjn  for  those  reforms  for  which  his  part\- 
stands.  He  is  not  a  Democrat  for  what  his 
partv  can  do  for  him,  bnt  he  is  a  Democrat 
for  what  he  believes  his  party  can  and  will  do 
for  good  governmont  and  a  i)iire  and  honest  ad- 
ministration thereof. 

Hkrkkord,  J.\me.s  Kdwari),  is  tlie  son  of 
John  R.  anil  Mary  (Cozens)  Hereford,  and  w^as 
born  in  vSl.  Lonis  connty,  on  Jannary  2!t,  isiil. 
He  comes  from  a  family  as  old  as  the  centnry  in 
St.  Ivonis,  and  as  creditably  known  as  it  is 
old.  His  tjrandniollicr  was  born  in  St.  Lonis  in 
ISOO,  and  his  mother  was  born  in  l.S4(),  at  the 
corner  of  Seventh  and  Kim  streets,  and  was 
married  in  the  same  honse.  After  receipt  of 
the  advanta<jes  offered  by  the  common  sc]u)ols 
he  entered  St.  I^onis  rni\ersit\',  and  graduated 
therefrom  in  the  class  of  1X80. 

His  ambition  was  to  follow  the  law  as  a  pro- 
fession, and  he  therefore  entered  the  law  depart- 
ment of  Washinjjton  University,  and  in  ISS:^ 
graduated  with  the  degree  of  LL.D.,  and  by 
St.  I^ouis  University  was  gi\en  the  degree  of 
.\.M.  in  the  same  year.  On  admission  to  the 
bar  lie  ft)rnK(l  a  partnershi])  with  W.  W.  Hnff, 
under  the  style  of  Huff  &  Hereford,  and  im- 
mediately commenced  practice.  The  firm  has 
adopted  the  general  civil  branch  of  the  law  as 
its  field  of  ])ractice,  and  gi\es  special  attention 
within  this  to  insurance  law.  They  had  charge 
of  the  insurance  feature  of  the  Chambers'  mur- 
der case,  and  wound  up  the  affairs  of  the  Alid- 
land  Accident  Insurance  Com])auv,  besides 
conducting  to  a  successful  ending  a  nundjer  of 
other  cases  of  more  than  ordinar\-  importance. 

The  marked  characteristics  of  Mi.  Hereford 
are  his  industry  and  analytical  powers,  charac- 
teristics that  are  most  necessary  to  anv  vouug 
man  who  hopes  to  wan  as  a  lawyer.  Mr.  Here- 
ford married  Miss  Emily  Page,  daughter  of 
John  V.  Page  and  granddaughter  of  Judge  Rob- 
ert Wash  of  the  Missouri  Supreme  bench. 
They  have  six  children,  all  girls  but  one. 


XoKMii.i-;,  J.\Mi-;.s  Ciii-:.STi;i<,  when  ciuile  a 
child  came  uj)  the  river  from  Louisiana  with 
his  famil\-,  who  founded  Xormanville,  Kansas, 
being  among  the  first  settlers  of  that  section. 
Losing  his  parents  later,  little  Chester  soon 
acquired  a  fondness  for  the  habits  of  his  Indian 
neighbors,  and  was  ra])idl\-  develo]iing  into 
a  child  of  the  forest  wlien  his  oldest  brother 
cai)tured  him  and  shii:)ped  him  down  the  Mis- 
souri to  St.  Ivouis,  on  his  way  to  school  at 
Washington,  D.  C. 

After  the  usual  preparatory  training  he  en- 
tered (ieorgetowu  l'ni\ersit>-,  from  which  he 
gradiiated  in  l^i;.').  He  then  became  a  student 
of  the  Columbian  College  Law  .School,  from 
which  he  ne.xt  graduated,  and  at  once  ])laced 
himself  under  the  guidance  of  Hon.  ().  H. 
Browning,  of  Illinois,  a  leading  practitioner  in 
the  United  States  Supreme  Court,  which  he  re- 
lincjuished  to  become  a  member  of  President 
Johnson's  Cabinet.  Mr.  lirowning,  who  saw 
the  intellectual  jjromise  of  his  pupil,  ])laced 
him  in  charge  of  the  librarx-  of  the  Interior 
Department. 

This  sinecure  gave  him  leisure  and  opportu- 
nit\-  to  gratif\-  his  lliirsl  for  literature.  h'or 
three  and  a  half  years  he  read  with  industry  and 
discrimination.  He  nuule  himself  familiar  with 
the  best  writers  in  English  literature,  in  jirose 
and  poetry,  and  formed  that  affluent  and  schol- 
arly stvle  that  has  since  characterized  his  elo- 
quence. In  the  spring  of  IXilli  he  came  to 
St.  Louis.  At  the  outset  he  encountered  the 
struggles  common  to  all  )oung  lawyers.  He 
determined  to  labor  and  wait,  pursuing  with 
toilsome  devotion  his  professional  studies,  and 
finding  sweet  recreation  from  severe  work  in  the 
delights  of  literature.  He  gradually  gained 
ground  by  extending  acquaintance  and  inspiring 
confidence. 

It  was  the  Fore  case  that  brought  out  Nor- 
niile.  .\s  Munson  Beach  was  sitting,  one  sum- 
mer evening,  on  his  front  steps,  surrounded  by 
his  familv,  Joseph  H.  Eore,  his  brother-in-law^ 
came  up  and,  without  a  word,  shot  him  dead. 
Normile,  then  an  obscure  young  lawyer,  was 
engaged    to    defend    Fore.       He    determined   to 


nny.R. \riin \\i.    . \rri:xi^ix. 


3.')8 


])k-a(l  iiisaiiit\-.      In  tlic  estimation  of  juries,  llic      of  felonies.      In   \>>W  lie   was   re-elected  for  six 


defense  is  an  odious  one,  and  in  the  hands  ol  a 
\<inn<^  la\v\er,  it  is  a  dan.yjerous  one.  Xoruiiie 
knew  that  his  only  safety  hiy  in  a  perfect  un- 
iKrstandini^  of  liis  case. 

lie  studied  insanit>-  thoront^ldy  and  funda- 
UK-ntalK',  and  when  lie  took  his  seat  at  the 
counsel  table  on  I'ore's  trial,  it  lia/.ards  nothin;^ 
t<i  say  that  no  man  in  Missouri  was  more  learned 
on  tliat  sul)jcct.  'Die  medical  experts  learned 
to  fear  him,  for  1)\-  Ids  merciless  cross-exauuna- 
tious  he  jiut  dogmat- 
ism and  charlatanry 
to  shame.  In  the 
])rest-ntation  ol  the 
testimon\-  he  was 
hrilliantU'  su  ccess- 
ful,  in  Jiis  ari(U- 
luiiu  ii  I  I  he  jnr\'  he 
was  mas^iuiticent,  and 
Fore  was    acquitted. 

Normile's  ahilitv 
was  now  recoujnized. 
lie  was  made  cir- 
cuit altoruey  in 
1  ^i'- ,  anil  henceforth 
\\\>  rise  was  rapid. 
His  al)ilit\-  as  a  pros- 
ecutor was  conspicu- 
ous. In  l.sso  ilie 
(illlcc  of  circuit  at- 
tmau-x  hecame  \a- 
cant  In-  the  death  of 
M  r.  I'leac  h,  X  or- 
uule's   former  assist- 


more  years,  although,  unfortunately,  he  did  not 
live  to  complete  the  term,  his  career  being  cut 
short  1)\'  death  while  he  was  in  the  prime  of 
life. 

Judge  Xorunle  was  an  orator.  Justin  .Mc- 
Cartln  ,  the  distinguished  historian  and  critic, 
pronounced  him  one  of  the  finest  he  had  e\'er 
heard.  He  was  able  to  delight  and  con\ince 
his  audience,  and  his  style  was  clc\ated  and 
pure.      IJy  its  occasit)nal   quotations,  and   by   its 

general  flavor,  it  con- 
stantly reminded  one 
of  books.  It  was  dig- 
uifRiI  and  rhetorical, 
with  occasi  o  n  a  1 
flashes  of  wit  and 
iroiu',  and  his  de- 
scriptions were  fre- 
(luent  a  n  d  ahva}s 
splendid.  In  fact, 
his  eloquence,  like 
Moore's  poetry,  has 
been  criticized  for 
an  excess  of  senti- 
ment and  imagery. 
.\fter  all,  the  secret 
of  his  ])ower  lav  in 
his  intellectual 
wealth.  With  the 
mosl  salnable  ])arts 
of  English  literature 
lie  was  not  onl\-  ac- 
quainted, but  famil- 
iarly and  critically 
It    took    the    world    fiftv    \ears  to 


JUDGE  NORMII.E. 


ant.      'Phe  jail    was   Idled    with   desiierate   crim-  ac(|nainted. 

inals,  and  ('.cnernor   i'lul]is   was   sc\-ere    in    the  leaiiillial   I'.urke  was  uoi    simpK  a  great  orator, 

enforcement  of  the   law.      He  accordingly   pre-  but  was  really  the   gieatest   political   thinker  of 
\ailed    iqion    Xormile   to    accejit    the    \-acanc\ 


which  he  Idli'd  forneaiK  two  vears.  A  leariKil 
hiw\ci.iiid  re,id\  lorensic  ik'bati.'r  and  orator, 
he  \  et  pi"e]Kired  his  cases  with  tlu-  pains  ol  a 
l\io.  .\lwa\s  his  triuinidis  were  bought  by 
toil,  ,111(1  his  p. lib  to  profession. il  distinction  was 
sleep  aiul  laborious. 

In   ISSi;  In-  was  i-k-cte<l    indiji-  of  the  L'liiniii.d 


tlu-  age.  Xormile  was  st)metimes  said  to  be 
tlioiiglu  ,1  mere  rlu-lorician.  Tlii.'  truth  is  that 
his  gorget)US  rlntoric  was  but  tlu-  coxering  of 
stnnig  tlionghl.  He  was  not  oul\  a  well-read 
law\  er,  but  an  aciUi-  and  ])owerfnl  reasoner.  It 
is  ]iioper  to  add  ill, it  the  same  exuberance  of 
thought  and  loft\  and  glowing  diction,  which 
his  public  discourses  exhibit,  characterized  his 


Court,  whose  jurisdiction  is  confnied  to  ihe  tri.d      conversation.       Judge     Xormile     was    of    coni- 


23 


.1 


^)/./)  ./A7)  x/:\i'  Sf.  /.or/s. 


niaiuliiifj  slatuif  and  s\  innielrical  form.  His 
eve,  liis  voice,  liis  features,  in  sliort,  his  ])hy- 
si(|iic,  uiuloiihtedly  contributed  to  liis  effective- 
ness as  a  public  speaker,  and  the  public,  as  well 
as  the  bench  and  bar,  lost  a  handsome,  as  well 
as  a  valuable  and  honest  man  when  he  breathed 
his  last. 

.McX.MK,  I.ii.MiKX  fi. — A  worthy  representa- 
tive of  an  old  and  worthy  family,  a  family  clcsely 
identified  with  the  earlier  history  of  this  city,  is 
the  subject  of  this  sketch,  who  was  born  in  St. 
Louis,  Februar\-  7,  I'S.'it).  He  is  the  son  of  .\u- 
toinc  dc  Reilhe  and  Cornelia  McXair,  and  is 
related  throni;;li  descent  to  the  De  Reilhes,  one 
of  the  most  respected  families  of  the  old  Si. 
Louis,  while  his  paternal  ^grandfather  was  Col. 
.\le.\ander  McNair,  who,  although  he  lived  in  a 
day  of  intellectual  y;iants,  was  conspicuous  for 
his  ability.  He  is  noted  as  the  first  governor 
of  Missouri  after  it  became  a  State.  He  was 
a  warm  personal  friend  of  President  William 
Henry  Harrison,  and  came  to  St.  I^ouis  from 
Pennsylvania  in  1S(I4.  ( )n  his  mother's  side  of 
the  house,  the  subject  of  this  sketch  is  also 
related,  as  a  graud-uephew,  to  the  first  gov- 
ernor of  Ohio.  His  father,  Antoine  de  R.  Mc- 
Xair,  gave  deep  study  to  all  impro\ements 
affecting  the  navigation  of  our  great  rivers.  In 
Xew  \'ork  he  became  interested  in  several 
practical  inventions,  mau\-  of  which  were 
found  of  great  use  by  Captain  Hads  in  building 
his  jetty  system  at  New  Orleans.  He  died  in 
lf^7H.  Lilburn  McNair's  mother  was  a  daughter 
of  Dr.  Clayton  Tiffin,  one  of  St.  Louis"  earliest 
physicians,  and  who  was  always  reckoned  as  a 
learned  and  able  man  and  as  a  leading  citizen 
of  his  time.  Mrs.  McNair's  mother  was,  before 
her  marriage  to  Doctor  Tiffin,  a  Miss  Jarrot,  a 
family  name  that  frequently  occurs  in  the  his- 
tory of  the  city.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  .Mr. 
McNair  combines  in  himself  the  blood  of  several 
of  the  oldest  and  best  families  of  St.  Louis,  and 
with  such  an  inheritance  of  good  blood  his  high 
character  and  ability  are  altogether  natural 
actjuirements. 

Young  Lilburn  attended  the  public  schools  of 


St.  Lnuis,  but  did  not  extend  his  education  be- 
yond the  common  school  luanclies,  as  owing  to 
reverses  which  befell  his  father  he  was  com- 
pelled to  tpiit  sclu)ol  and  begin  the  task  of  earn- 
ing his  own  living.  He  began  work  as  a  mes- 
senger for  the  Kansas  Pacific  Railroad,  in  the 
office  of  the  treasurer,  Carlos  .S.  dreeley.  It 
should  be  mentioned  here  that  at  the  age  of  si.x- 
teeu,  having  been  intended  for  a  naval  career, 
he  successtulh'  passed  the  examination,  but 
never  took  advantage  of  the  a]i])oinlnient  on 
account  of  a  lack  of  means,  continuing  in  the 
service  of  the  railroad  com])an\-  instead.  For 
some  time  after  accepting  this  situation  he 
attended  night  school,  where  he  diligeutlv 
api)lit.-d  himself  to  increasing  his  store  of 
knowledge.  His  natural  quickness  and  mental 
endowments  also  served  him  to  good  advantage 
in  the  railroad  office,  c|ualities  that  met  with 
recognition  from  the  officials  of  the  company, 
for  at  the  age  of  twenty-two  he  was  appointed 
the  local  treasurer  and  pay-master  of  the  road,  a 
position  he  filled  for  sev'eral  N'cars  with  i^rcat 
satisfaction  to  his  cmplovers. 

In  ISSO  he  resigned  his  ]iosition  with  the 
Kansas  Pacific,  formed  a  partnership  with 
Charles  F.  Tracv,  Jr.,  and  under  the  firm  name 
of  McNair  &  Trac\'  opened  a  lirokerage  office. 
After  a  time  this  partnership  was  dissolved, 
and  Mr.  McXair  conducted  the  l)usiness  alone. 
As  showing  his  thorough-going  enterprise  and 
progressiveness,  it  should  be  stated  that  he  was 
the  first  man  west  of  the  ^Iississi])]n  to  establish 
a  pri\-ate  wire  connecting  vSt.  I^ouis  with  Chicago 
and  New  York. 

A  few  years  agt)  he  was  strongly  urged  by  in- 
terested New  ^■ork,  Philadelphia  and  vSt.  Louis 
people  to  accept  the  i)residency  of  the  Kansas 
City  Klevated  Railway  and  Tunnel  Company, 
in  which  they  had  invested  about  two  millions 
of  dollars,  with  the  \iew  of  working  it  <Mit.  It 
is  said  he  accei)ted  largely  on  personal  grounds, 
and  against  his  better  judgment,  but  with  the 
distinct  understanding  that  the  capitalists  inter- 
ested would  back  his  judgment. 

His  \'igorous  management  soon  made  a  vast 
difference  in  the  earnings,  both  gross  and  net. 


A'/f y,h\  \riiu : u.  .  //vaav v.v. 


35.') 


of  the  s\-st(.-iii.  He  was  Ixild  i-iiiiu.L;h  in  one-  in- 
stance, findiii"^;  a  railroad  usin<4  tlie  tenniiiais  at 
iusiilTicieiit  rentals,  to  order  the  lease  canceled, 
and  took  his  chances  on  the  theory  that  posses- 
sion was  nine  jjointsin  the  law,  and  that  he  wonld 
not  do  an  unprofitable  business.  It  is  well  to 
nRiition  here  that  the  railroad  in  question  found 
it  better  to  make  a  new  contract  at  a  hio^her 
rate  than  to  continue  in  the  courts  indefinitely. 
Mr.  McXair's  le,y;al  ad\'isers  were  the  late  Jud,y;e 
John  r.  Usher,  Mr.  Lincoln's  Secretary  of  the 
Interior,  and  Major  Win.  Warner. 

Of  recent  years  ^Ir.  McXair  has  drifted  prin- 
cipalh'  into  the  line  of  jironiotin.yf  various  enter- 
prises, niostK'  steam  and  street  railwa\s.  He 
has  negotiated  some  of  the  biy;tjest  transac- 
tions in  this  line  that  lia\  c  taken  place,  aniou!:^ 
which  niitjht  be  mentioned  the  ( )li\-e  street  rail- 
wa\'  deal.  I  lis  probit\'  and  un(|neslioned  honesty 
are  uni\ersall\'  recognized  and  appreciated,  and 
althous^h  a  Nonnt;  man  he  is  frecpienth'  called 
U])on  to  act  as  trustee,  and  as  such  has  often  had 
control  of  vast  amounts  of  capital  and  property, 
especialh-  in  the  reorganization  of  railroads. 

Like  all  men  who  develo])  a  talent  for  business 
manai;inient,  Mr.  McXair  has  been  called  upon 
to  associate  himself  with  a  \-ariet\'  of  nudertak- 
ings.  He  is  a  director  of  the  Mississippi  \'alley 
Trust  Coni])an\  ;  on  the  executix'e  committee 
of  the  Union  Casualtx'  and  .Suretv  Compan\'; 
a  director  of  \arious  branch  lines  of  our  great 
railway  systems,  and  is  president  of  the  Little 
Wabash  Railroad,  now  in  courseof  construction, 
and  which  is  intended  as  a  connecting  link 
between  the  Wabash  and  L.  X;  X.  railroads,  and 
gi\es  anotlier  routi'  from  Chicago  to  the<iulf, 
besides  a  large  number  of  street  railwa\s  and 
land  and  investment  comjianies. 

Mr.  McXair  is  one  of  tlie  societv  leaders  of 
vSt.  Louis,  and  is  \er\  po])ular  in  e\er\-  circle  in 
which  he  is  known,  lie  is  an  enthusiastic  club- 
man, and  is  a  nuinlHr  ol  tin.-  .St.  Lo\iis,  Univer- 
sit\  ,  Mar(|nette,  joeke\  and  other  cbd)s,  anil 
was  a  member  ol  ilu-  l'".lks  during  the  existence 
of  that  orik'r;  he  is  chairman  of  the  house 
committei-  of  the  Uni\-ersit\',  is  a  uieudier  of 
the  bo.ivd  ol    governors  of  the  Jockey  Clu!>,  and 


is  also  on  one  of  the  important  committees  of 
the  St.  Louis  Club.  In  politics  Mr.  McNair 
has  inherited  the  principles  of  his  ancestors, 
and  is  a  Democrat.  He  was  married  to  Miss 
Miner\a  I'rimm,  daughter  of  Alexander  T. 
I'rimm,  of  this  citv,  on  Jamuir\'  'I'-'u  1893. 

XiDKLKT,  J.\Mi;.s  C,  M.I).,  is  descended  from 
some  of  the  most  noted  jiioneer  families  of  Mis- 
souri. His  grandfather,  ( ieneral  Bernard  Pratte, 
was  born  in  Ste.  Gene\'ieve,  Missouri,  and  was 
educated  at  the  Sulpitian College,  Montreal,  Can- 
ada, and  returning  to  St.  Louis,  nrarried  Emilie 
I.  Labadie,  a  native  of  the  town,  and  daughter 
of  S\'l\'ester  Labadie  and  Pelagic  Chouteau. 
His  father,  Stephen  V.  Xidelet,  of  P'rench  ex- 
traction and  a  native  of  San  Domingo,  arrived  in 
Philadelphia  wdien  only  seven  years  old,  and 
nllinuUely  became  a  member  of  the  prominent 
silk  house  of  Chai)rou  iS:  Xidelet.  While  visit- 
ing St.  Louis  he  met  and  married,  on  .Vugnsl 
1l',  l.Si^ii,  Celeste  P}.,  daughter  of  the  (ieneral 
Pratte  above  mentioned.  He  returned  with  his 
wife  to  Philadelphia,  where,  on  the  l.")th  of 
January,  1S;>4,  James  C.  Xidelet  was  born. 

\'oung  Xidelet  acquired  his  early  education  in 
Philadelphia,  at  the  classical  school  of  John  I). 
P>r\ant,  a  famous  instructor  in  that  city.  In 
LSI  I  he  was  taken  by  his  ]iarents  to  St.  Louis, 
where  his  father  spent  the  rest  of  his  life,  dying 
in  ls.">l!,  after  having  w<ui  the  respect  of  a  large 
circle  of  friends.  His  widow  is  yet  living,  a 
sj)rightl\'  and  well-]ucser\ed  lad\-  of  eight\- 
three  vears.  In  her  da\'  she  was  one  of  the 
belles  of  .St.  Louis,  and,  despite  the  lapse  of 
\ears,  her  recollections  of  jtioneer  times  are  \-er\- 
distinct  and  interesting. 

James  C.  Xidelet  attended  the  St.  Louis  Uni- 
\ersit\-  for  a  \ear  or  two,  and  in  \X\~i  and  \X\X 
.St.  Mar\'s  College,  I'.mmitlsburg,  Maryland. 
In  1^*1'.'  lie  entered  St.  Louis  University  again, 
and  >peiit  five  years  there,  but  left  in  IS.');!, while 
on  the  ]Hiint  of  graduating.  He  then  prepared 
f(M-  till-  luilit.irv  acadenn  at  West  Point,  but 
failing  to  recei\e  an  ai)poiiUineiit  as  cadet,  on 
account  of  the  accident  to  C«mgressmaii  John  V . 
D.irbx,  who  became   parahzed,  he   immediately 


('/./>  ./.\v>  A7-;;;'  sv:  /.o/vs. 


;il>i)lifil  liiins<.-ll  In  llu-  siu(l\  til  iiifdiciiic.  llis  liisl 
tuition  was  i)l)taiiK(l  in  tlie  practical  experience 
of  a  drufj  store,  and  for  three  years  lie  was  em- 
ployed in  tlie  well-known  houses  of  Bacon,  Hydi' 
^t  Company,  and  Harnard,  Adams  .S:  Company. 
Ik-  then  attended  the  St.  Louis  .Medical  Colle.y;e, 
under  Dr.  C.  .\.  Pope,  and  the  Missouri  .Medical 
Collej^e,  under  Dr.  Jo.seph  X.  McDowell.  I  Ic 
j^raduated  in  l.siio,  aiul  l)c.i;an  the  practice  ol 
medicine. 

In  December,  IMiil,  lie  joined  the  Confederate 
armv  and  served  as  chief  surs^eoii  under  (ienerals 
Price,  Maur\-  and  Forney,  in  the  .\nny  of  Ivist 
Tennessee  and  Mississippi.  Duriusj;  the  last 
\ear  of  the  war  he  was  transferred  to  the  Traus- 
MississipjM  Department.  Mis  service  embraced 
four  years  of  desperate  and  bloody  warfare,  and 
he  was  in  every  engagement  in  which  his  army 
cor])s  participated.  Among  the  most  memorable 
of  these  conflicts  ma\'  be  mentioned  those  attend- 
ing the  capture  of  \'icksburg,  and  the  sangui- 
nary fields  of  Corinth,  Big  Black,  luka,  and  the 
famous  retreat  from   Hatchie. 

During  all  this  period  of  exposure  to  the 
dangers  and  privations  incident  to  the  war, 
Doctor  Xidelet  was  ne\er  wounded  and  never 
lost  a  day  from  sickness,  his  splendid  constitu- 
tion carrying  him  safely  through  the  trials  to 
which  weaker  natures  would  ha\e  succumbed. 
He  was  always  to  be  found  where  the  danger 
was  greatest,  and  where  there  was  the  great- 
est need  for  the  prompt  assistance  of  the  surgeon. 
His  composure  amid  the  storms  of  shot  and 
shell  and  the  awful  distractions  of  the  battle-field 
was  proverbial,  and  repeatedly  won  the  com- 
mendation of  his  suiieriors. 

Frequently,  with  the  din  of  conflict  raging 
about  him,  he  performed  operations  that  would 
liave  made  many  a  hospital  practitioner  famous. 
His  four  years'  service  in  the  war  gave  him  a 
practically  unlimited  experience  in  every  branch 
of  surgery,  especially  that  appertaining  to  the 
treatment  of  gunshot  wounds,  and  in  July,  l.S(i.'), 
he  returned  to  St.  Louis,  rich  in  knowledge  of 
the  surgeons'  art,  but  e.xtremely  poor  in  purse. 
The  "  Drake  Constitution,"  which  was  then  in 
force,  forbade  him  to  practice  medicine,  becau.se 


he  could  not  lake  the  oath,  and  at  one  time, 
while  struggling  against  acherse  fortune,  he  was 
cm  llu-  point  of  leaving  for  the  Pacific  Coast. 

During  the  winter  of  lS(;,")-(;(!,  howe\'er,  he 
formed  an  engagement  with  his  nKl  .Mina  Mater, 
the  Missouri  Medical  College,  and  assisted  in 
gathering  the  scattered  facult\'  together  once 
more.  In  the  winter  of  l.SiWi-iu  the  college  was 
reo])ened,  and  as  professor  of  analcmu  hv  was 
for  four  or  fi\e  \ears  engaged  in  liis  faxorite 
pursuit  of  teaching  medicine.  lie  had  large 
classes,  and  contributed  maleriall\-  towards 
bringing  the  historic  old  institution  into  ]><ii)ular 
fa\-or  again.  He  then  engaged  in  jjrivate  prac- 
tice of  medicine  with  distinguished  success. 

Ill  lM7.')-7li  Doctor  Nidelet  was  apjiointed 
police  commissioner,  and  for  two  of  the  four 
years  of  his  term  was  vice-iM-esident  of  the  board. 
He  signalized  his  admiuistration  by  a  determined 
effort  to  sii])press  the  lottery  business,  which 
then  flourished  without  let  or  hindrance  in 
.St.  Louis,  and  such  success  crowned  his  labors 
that  more  than  fifty  dealers  were  convicted  and 
fined.  .As  a  cousequeuce  he  incurred  thehos-. 
tilitv  of  the  "lottery  ring,"  and  charges  of  cor- 
ruption were  made  against  him.  His  indict- 
ment was  sought  at  the  hands  of  several  succes- 
sive juries,  but  he  was  accorded  a  most  search- 
ing investigation,  which  resulted  in  the  utter 
failure  of  his  enemies  to  make  even  a  plausible 
case  of  official  misconduct  against  him. 

The  following  estimate  of  Doctor  Xidelet's 
standing  as  a  ])lu  siciaii  and  surgeon  is  furnished 
by  a  gentleman  who  has  known  him  from  a  boy, 
was  several  \ears  intimately  associated  with 
him,  and  is  familiar  with  his  professional  career: 

"Dr.  Xidelet  is  a  good  jiln'sician  in  every 
sense  of  the  word,  being  llii)roughl\-  and  scientif- 
ically educated  for  his  profession.  His  success 
has  been  as  great  as  that  of  aii\'  ])ractitioiier  of 
his  years  in  St.  Lmiis,  and  he  has  a  \-ery  large 
and  growing  patronage.  His  jndgnient  is  accu- 
rate, and  in  the  diagnosis  of  diseases  and  in  the 
selection  of  suitable  remedies  he  is  distinguished. 
I  cannot  sa\'  that  he  has  any  specialt\',  but  he 
strikes  me  as  being  a  fine  specimen  of  the  syiii- 
jiietrically-developed  doctor. ' ' 


liKM.R.  II'IIK  A  I.     irPliNDIX. 


I.i'.W'is,  Jamks  M.,  was  born  in  Polk  coniit\', 
'l\iiiicssee,  Ma\'  H,  IS')?,  and  is  a  son  of  Jolin 
A.  and  Susan  J.  I^ewis.  Mr.  Lewis  sprant^  from 
vScolcli-Irisli  slock,  and  his  ancestors  cm  hotli 
sides  were  aniont;;  tlie  earliest  settlers  of  \'ir- 
^inia,  and  were  patriots  and  soldiers  in  the  rev- 
(ilutii>nar\  war  and  the  war  of  l.sl:i,  one  of 
them,  tieneral  Andrew  Lewis,  luuini;  won  i^Mcat 
distinction  in  the  re\'olutionar}'  war. 

Mr.  Lewis  was  brouiiht  tip  and  educated  in 
the  eastern  part  of  his  nati\'e  vState,  celebrated 
lor  its  j^rand  scenery, 
and  amonij  people 
noted  for  their  in- 
(1  u  s  t  r  \-,  i  u  t  el  1  i  - 
•^euce  and  intej^rity, 
and  came  to  .St.  T^ouis 
in  January,  l>>7i;, 
and  i)nrsued  his  law 
studies  in  the  office 
of  linn.  Jidui  IL 
1  lenderson,  formerly 
.1  Lnited  States  .Sen- 
ator, and  recognized 
as  one  of  the  lead- 
ing lawvers  in  the 
Lnited  States.  Mr. 
Lewis  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  in  this 
cit\-  on  Ma\  7,  1  NTS, 
four  days  alter  ha\- 
ini;  celebrated  his 
t\\(.-ut\  -lirst  1)  i  vt  h  - 
da\'.  Soon  alter  his 
admission  he  re- 
moved to  Louisiana,  Pike  count\  ,  this  State, 
and  be-an  the  piaclice  of  the  law.  He  remained 
there  for  about  two  years  and  a  half,  rcturuins; 
to  ,St.  Louis  in  the  sprinjj;  of  L^f^l. 

lie  then  bicanie  associated  in  tin.'  ])raclice 
with  Iv\-Senator  Henderson.  The  business  of 
the  lirm  was  lar,y;ely  confined  to  cases  in  the 
Lniled  Slates  eonrls  and  extended  thioiii^hout 
thr  \\\sti-ni  .Stales.  (  )u  Ceneral  IKiuka'son's 
iemo\al  to  Washiui^ton  Cit>  ,  in  ISS.'i,  lie  formed 
a  partnership  with  Matthew  (L  Rt'ynolds,  under 
the  lirm  n.nue  ol   Ri-\  uolds  cS;   Lewis. 


JAAIUS     M.     l.i;\MS. 


In  I'SN.j,  when  but  twenty-eifjlit  years  of  age, 
.Mr.  Lewis  was  enrolled  and  argued  an  impor- 
tant railroad  bond  case  in  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States. 

Mr.  Lewis"  professional  career  was  distin- 
guished vcrv  recently  by  the  ])osition  taken  by 
him  in  the  land  suit  of  Hammond  \s.  Ji  illusion, 
iiuciKing  over  two  millions  of  dollars,  the  case 
being  decided  on  December  14,  ISiH,  by  theSu- 
])reme  Court  of  the  United  States.  His  theory 
of  the  case  was  adopted   by  the  Supreme  Court, 

and  he  won  to  a 
successful  issue  for 
his  client  one  of  the 
most  noted  and  hard- 
fought  laud  cases 
ever  brought  before 
the  courts  of  Mis- 
souri. 

At  a  meeting  of 
the  American  Bar 
Association  at  Sara- 
toga .Springs,  Xew 
York,  in  ISIK),  he 
was  elected  vice- 
president  of  the  as- 
sociation, and  was 
re-elected  in  August, 
l.Siil,  at  ]>ostoii, 
Massachusetts.  I  n 
March.  ISSit,  Mr. 
Lewis  was  commis- 
sioned by  Governor 
bhancis  judge-ad- 
vocate-general of 
the  National  Ciiard  of  .Missouri,  with  the  rank 
of  brigadier-general.  Mr.  I^cwis  is  a  Deinocral 
in  his  political  affiliations,  and  although  ab- 
sorbed with  professional  duties,  as  a  campaign 
speaker  he  has  done  a  \asl  amount  of  earnest 
and  unseUish  labor  for  the  jiarly  in  whose  ]irin- 
ci]>le^  he  finnlv  belie\'es. 

Ivsri.i',  TiiciMAS  H.,  .son  of  Andrew  and  Sarah 
(  .\udersou  )  b'.slep,  was  born  near  Cadiz,  a  city 
in  the  .Slate  of  Ohio,  January  <'i,  IS.M.  He  was 
educated  in   the   public  .schools  near  his  home. 


858 


or.n  AND  NEW  ST.  i.oris. 


ami  at  the  a^jc  of  seventeen  went  In  l-'ranklin 
College,  New  Atliens,  Ohio,  where  he  studied 
for  fonr  years,  and  for  the  next  three  years  he 
tan.ijlit  school,  studyiu";  law  the  meanwIiiU- 
witli  his  relative,  J.  M.  Instep.  Tlien  desiriii.t; 
to  enter  the  Icfjal  jirolession  he  went  to  Cohun- 
bus,  where  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1.S72, 
and  at  once  commenced  practicinu;.  In  l.S7;> 
youujj  Mr.  Estep  came  to  St.  Louis.  His  abil- 
ities as  an  advocate  at  once  attracted  attention 
and  he  soon  found  himself  a  bus\-  and  popular 
professional  man.  (iraspin^j  the  salient  features 
of  a  case  jiromptly,  and  the  way  he  has  fou.s^ht 
up-hill  battles  has  made  him  famous.  .\mon.<i 
the  many  trials  with  which  he  has  been  con- 
nected, the  Anderson  murder  case  may  be  cited, 
his  advocac)'  in  that  trial  having  been  excep- 
tionally brilliant  even  for  him.  He  is  now,  at 
the  age  of  fort\-one,  looked  upon  as  one  of  the 
most  brilliant  criminal  lawyers  of  the  West,  and 
his  elevation  to  the  bench  at  an  earlv  date  is 
regarded  as  a  matter  of  course  by  his  man\- 
friends  and  even  b\-  his  jiolitical  op])onents. 

In  l!^!i<lMr.  Kstep  was  persuaded  to  ask  for 
the  nomination  as  assistant  prosecuting  at- 
torney, and  the  local  Demoeracv  was  oul\-  too 
ready  to  show  its  appreciation  of  his  loyalt\ 
to  the  part> .  His  election  was  looked  upon  as 
a  matter  of  course,  although  it  was  ex])ected 
that  the  two  ])arties  would  run  \-erv  close  in 
most  of  the  contests.  ,  When  it  was  announced 
that  "Tom  listep "  had  been  elected  by  the 
largest  majority  ever  .secured,  congratulations 
came  from  every  quarter. 

Mr.  K.step  married,  in  the  year  1S.S2,  ?^Iiss 
Mamie  Kllard,  daughter  of  Mr.  Joseph  Kllard  of 
this  city.     He  has  one  sou,  William. 

Li.NKSi.icv,  Di-  CoiKCKV  R. ,  .sou  of  .\.  li.  and 
Sarah  J.  (Jamesson)  Lind.sley,  was  born  in  l.s;',(», 
at  Round  Hill,  in  Fairfax  county,  \'irginia,  on 
an  estate  adjoining  Mount  Vernon,  and  which 
was  purchased  of  Washington.  His  parents 
moved  to  the  national  capital  when  he  was 
young,  and  it  was  at  Washington  that  voung 
Lindsley  received  a  common  school  education. 
At  the  age  of   seventeen  he  came  we.st,  locating 


at  Burlington,  Iowa,  obtaining  a  ])osition  as  a 
clerk  in  a  general  store.  From  Hurliugton  lie 
moved  to  Frankford,  Pike  county,  .Missouri, 
where  he  clerked  in  a  country  store,  remaining 
uiUil  IS.');}. 

In  that  year  he  moved  to  St.  Louis,  in  which 
eil\  he  has  resided  e\'er  since.  He  commenced 
work  in  the  wholesale  establisliuunl  of  L.  C. 
\'osti,  on  Main  street.  In  1H.J4  the  name  of  the 
firm  was  changed  to  Yosti  iS:  Shields,  and  on 
November  1,  IS.').'),  Mr.  Yosti  was  killed  in  the 
unfortunate  (iasconade  calamity,  and  Mr.  John 
R.  Lionberger,  of  Boomille,  Missouri,  becoming 
associated  with  Mr.  Shields,  the  firm  became 
Lionberger  6c  Shields.  Not  long  after,  .Mr. 
Lionberger  became  .sole  proprietor  of  the  estab- 
lishment, which  was  conducted  under  his  name. 
Mr.  Liudsle\-  continued  with  the  house  as  travel- 
ing salesman  throughout  all  these  changes.  ( )n 
January  1,  isi;;},  Mr.  William  C.  ( )rr  purchased 
an  interest  in  the  business,  Mr.  Lionberger  ga\'C 
Mr.  Lindsle\-  an  interest  in  consideration  of  his 
services,  and  I  lie  firm  name  was  once  more 
changed,  this  lime  to  John  R.  Lionberger  i.\: 
Coin]iau\'.  Through  all  these  changes  .Mr. 
Lindslex'  continued  to  take  a  \'erv  active  ])art 
in  the  business,  and  his  sound  judgment  and 
ceaseless  acti\ity  had  their  influence. 

Four  vears  later  Mr.  Lionberger  was  elected 
l)resident  of  the  Third  National  Bank,  where- 
upon he  sold  his  interest  in  the  shoe  business  to 
his  partners,  and  the  firm  name  became  ( )rr  >!v: 
Lindslew  ( )n  January  1,  ISSC,  the\-  incorpo- 
rated under  the  laws  of  the  .State.  ( )ii  the 
incor])oration  of  the  Orr  6i;  Lindsley  .Shoe  Com- 
])an\",  Mr.  William  C.  <  )rr  liecauie  i:iresideut, 
.Mr.  Lindsley,  vice-president;  and  on  llie  death  of 
.Mr.  William  C.  Orr  in  ISSS,  Mr.  Lindsley  was 
elected  president,  with  .Mr.  W.  A.  ( )rr  as  vice- 
])resideiU. 

Mr.  Lindsley  married  in  November,  ISii;!, 
Miss  b"ann\-  .M.  .\uderson.  He  has  fonr  chil- 
dren— ('tU\-  Lindsle\-,  now  \er\-  jiopnlar  in  the 
theatrical  profession;  Dr.  I  )e  Courcey  B.,  who 
is  practicing  dentistry  in  this  citv;  .\nbrey  C, 
who  is  attending  Rugby  Academy;  and  one 
daughter,  Mae  Lindsley. 


/.'/( )(,R.\I'JIICA[.  APPI-.NDIX. 


859 


On  Dccciuhcr  1,  ISIio,  Mr.  J^iiulslev  went  out  He  is  an   exceptionalh'  able  and   briglit  law- 

of  lousiness,  and  the  <  )rr  X:  Lindslev  Slioe  Com-  \er  but  little  over  thirt\-   \ears  of  ao;e,   and  it  is 

pan\'   ceased   to    exist   as  snob.       Mr.    IJndsle\  tlie  o])inion  of  tbe  legal  profession  tbat  an  honoi- 

liad  well  earned  main'  years  of  rest  and  quietness;  able  judicial  career  is  ])efore  liiui.      .\  man  who 

but  onl\- a  few  were  permitted,  for  on  December  commences  practicinsjlawbefore  lieis  twent\-one 

s,   ISii;;,  licdied,  regretted  b\-  an  armv  of  friends  \ears  of  age;  and  wlm.  b\   the  time  be  is  tliirtx', 

and  l<>  the  deep  sorrow  of  bis  faniiK  .      He  was  is  looked    \\\)0\\   b\-  tbe    ])rofessiou    generally  as 


aged  si.\l\-tbree  years  and  ten   montbs. 

(  )TT()i-v,  L.  Kra.xk,  son  of  Leopold  and 
Louisa  (  Lanffer)  Ottofy,  was  born  in  Ibulapest, 
Hnngar\-,Sei')tember 
."),  bSCl.  He  was  ed- 
ucated in  bis  nati\e 
country  until  tbir- 
leen  \ears  of  age, 
wlieu  be  came  to 
America  and  attend- 
ed public  scbools  in 
Cincinnati  and  St. 
Louis.  He  made 
ra])id  progress  witb 
bis  studies,  and 
showing  a  distinct 
aptitude  fnr  tbe  legal 
juolession,  decided 
to  stud\-  law  and  ac- 
cordi  ngl  \'  entered 
tbe  St.  Louis  Law 
School  where  he 
graduated  with  tbe 
degree  of    LL.H. 

He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  on  June 
l.'i,  ISS-J,  before  lie 
lie  bad  attained  his  majoritw 


an  expert,  can   hardly   fail   to  be  called  \\\to\\  to 
serve  his  citv  or  State  on  the  bench. 

He  is  a  member   of    Occidental    Lodge,  Xo. 
1i;;L  a.  I'.  ^:  .\.  M..   and    Roval  .\rch  Chaj^er, 

Xo.  'S;  also  of  the 
Royal  .-Vrcanum,  .\. 
O.  r.  W.,  and  Order 
of  Kasteru  Star,  and 
the  Mercantile  Club. 
Although  a  member 
of  these  organiza- 
tions he  is  domestic 
in  his  habits,  and  a 
consistent  member 
of  the  .M.  K.  Church 
South. 

Mr.  Ottofy  maybe 
described  as  a  \ery 
representative  mem- 
ber of  the  younger 
class  of  lawyers  wlio 
are  forcing  their 
way  to  the  front 
and  making  their 
influence     felt    in    a 


L.  FRANK   OTTOKV. 


\erv   conspicuous 
and  important  man- 
ner at  the  bar. 
He  at  once  com-  O' Rkii.i.v,   Tiioma.s,    M.D. — The    subject    of 

nenced   the  ])racticc  of  law,  and  on  Mr.  James      this  nieuinir  was  born  in  \'irginia, County  Ca\-an, 


L.  Carlisle  resuming  ])ractiee  in  vSe])tember, 
l>il'l,  a  coj)artnersbip  was  formed  and  llie  law 
firm  nl  Carlisle  is;  ( )ttii|\-  bii-nnu-  anicing  the 
best  known  in  tbe  cit\'. 

Mr.  (  )Uof\  ni.irried  in  (  )ctober,  iS!l|,  Sarah 
I!.  .Siilin^tou,  of  Cobnubia.  'Phis  famiU  in- 
cludes a  step-daughter  named  ISessie  Sitlinglou, 
aged  se\en  \ears,  and  a  sou  named  for  his  law 
jiartner,  James  Carlisle,  who  was  born  .\])ril  ;">, 
is;t;!. 


Ireland,  <in  llu-  llth  da\  of  b'ebrnary,  1S:>7. 
His  paretUs  were  direct  deseendanls  of  tlu-  most 
ancient  of  the  Irish  race  who,  through  the  vicis- 
situdes of  fortune  incidental  to  the  ci\il  wars 
under  Cromwtll  and  his  succe.ssors,  retained 
their  social  respectabilitv'  by  the  sacrifice  of 
their  vast   estates. 

They  had,  however,  the  foresight  to  realize 
tbat  a  good  education  was  the  most  certain 
dowry   lhe\-   could   bestow  upon    their  children. 


:;('i() 


oi.i^  Axn  xi'.w  SI .  I. or  IS. 


and  i1r-\  liad  llu-  ijood  forinnc  to  li\o  and  enjoy 
the  satisfaction  of  scein^i;  tlitir  wisdom  verified. 

At  an  early  aj^e  tlie  Doctor  developed  jjreat 
precocity  of  jjenins.  Before  he  was  twelve  years 
of  age  he  had  read  and  translated  Ovid,  X'irgil, 
Sahist,  Horace,  Livy  and  Cicero  in  Latin;  the 
\ew  Testament,  Lnciaii,  Homer  and  Xeiio])hon 
in  dreek,  and  luIK  compreliended  al,s;el)ra  and 
<;eometr\ .  Rel\inii  o\\  his  al)ilit\-  to  pass  tiie 
preliminary  examination  reqnired  before  enter- 
ing a  medical  school,  he  presented  himself  be- 
fore the  court  of  examiners  of  the  Apothecary's 
Hall,  Dublin,  Ireland,  and  passed  with  honor, 
though  he  had  not  quite  attained  his  thirteenth 
year.  This  enahkd  him  to  coniuience  the  sludx- 
of  his  profession,  which  he  did  immediately  by 
entering  a  drug  store,  where  he  obtained  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  drugs,  their  composition 
and  uses. 

He  then  became  assistant  to  the  celebrated 
Dr.  John  Francis  Purcell,  of  Carrick-ou-Suir, 
Ireland,  under  whom  lie  had  \ast  experience, 
both  in  the  fever  hospital,  and  in  the  hospital 
of  the  Carrick-on-Suir  I'nion  Work  House. 

Dr.  I'urcell  accompanied  the  Earl  of  Bissbor- 
ongh  to  Dublin,  wluu  the  latter  was  created 
lord-lientenaul  of  Ireland,  and  Dr.  O'Reillv 
followed  them.  In  Dublin  he  continued  the 
study  of  his  ])rofession  at  the  Meath  Hospital 
and  Original  School  of  Medicine.  In  the  ft)r- 
mer  place  he  .soon  obtained  the  position  of  as- 
sistant clinical  clerk,  and  by  assiduity  and  care 
was  advanced  to  the  higher  grade  of  chief  clin- 
ical clerk  under  the  celebrated  Doctor  Stokes 
and  Sir  Philijis  Cramptou,  father  of  the  Crami)- 
lou  who  lor  many  years  was  British  minister  to 
Washington,  I).  C. 

At  this  time  his  duties  were  most  (uierous  and 
trying.  The  great  famine  of  is  t."i-'4i;-'47-'48, 
prevailed.  De.stitution,  poverty  and  ikalh  were 
everywhere  over  the  unfortunate  couutrv  to  such 
an  extent  as  to  excite  the  commiseration  of  the 
civilized  world,  and  from  no  place  did  Ireland 
receive  aid  ecpial  to  the  practical  efforts  of  the 
people  of  the  United  States,  whose  opportune 
relief  went  a  long  way  towards  alleviating  the 
mental,    if    not    corporal,    misery   of   the    Irish 


people  in  those  years.  All  llu-  hospitals  in  In- 
land were  charnel  lu)uses  of  sickness  and  death, 
and  the  French  government  desirous  of  advanc- 
ing medical  science  bv  settling  the  disputed 
point  as  to  the  difference  between  tsphus  and 
t\i)hoid  fevers,  sent  a  commission  of  medical 
men  to  Ireland  so  that  the\'  could  carefulK' 
ixaniiur  this  disease  when  it  was  so  jirevalent, 
and  report  to  the  F'rench  Acadenn-  of  Medicine. 

To  this  comniissicm  Doctor  ()'Reilh-  was  aj)- 
])<)iiUL-d  anatomist,  but  scarcelv  had  thc\'  entered 
on  their  duties  as  commissioners  before  each 
member  was  ])rostrated  bv  t\]ihus  fe\er,  and  of 
their  number  one  member,  Dr.  J<din  ()li\er  Cur- 
ran,  died.  This  broke  uj)  the  eouimissiou,  as 
the  other  members,  after  a  most  tedious  recox- 
erv,  returned  to  France,  too  euer\-ated  and  fee- 
ble to  resume  their  duties.  In  the  s]iring  of 
|S4S  the  breaking  out  of  the  French  Kexolution 
electrifieil  all  Europe  and  unsettled  the  minds  of 
all  the  students,  who  had  an  ardent  aspiration 
for  the  liberties  of  mankind,  and  who,  ha\ing 
witnessed  the  misgovernment  b\'  which  so  many 
perished  in  Ireland,  ho]ied  to  change  that  go\'- 
ernment. 

The  Dublin  students  were  noexcei)tion  to  this 
excitement,  as  ahnost  all  of  them  were  enthusi- 
astic voung  Irelanders,  and  Dr.  ()"Reill\\ 
desirous  of  making  himself  as  useful  as  ]iossible 
in  this  cause,  threw  up  his  Dublin  ai>pointments 
and  proceeded  to  Carrick-on-Suir,  which  was  the 
center  of  the  voung  Ireland  movement  at  that 
time.  Here  he  renuiiued,  awaiting  au\'  efforts 
that  might  be  made  by  men  determined  to  sacri- 
fice themselves  for  the  sake  of  their  unfortunate 
countrx',  until  the  fiasco  at  Ballingarry  satisfied 
him  that  all  chances  of  a  successful  insurrection 
were  at  an  end.  With  a  heart  bowed  down  with 
scenes  of  human  misery  for  which  there  seemed 
to  be  no  relief,  he  returned  to  Dublin  to  finish 
his  medical  education,  so  as  to  be  in  a  condition 
to  leave  behind  him  Ireland  and  her  sorrow. 

In  June,  li^4!l,  aftertakiug  out  his  di])louia  in 
the  College  of  Surgeons,  he  embarked  for  the 
I'nited  States  with  the  hope  that  the  sea  would 
separate  him  from  the  companionship  of  stiffer- 
iug  which   attended   him   during  the  preceding 


//t-t/yn^t^.^^;  uoX^-xy^t 


nnX.RAPIllCAL  APPEXniX.  8fil 

])cri()(1s  of  Ill's  life.  However,  lie  was  disap-  returned,  to  learn  off  Xantuckct  li<;;lit-sliip  that 
])()iiited,  lor  in  mid-ocean  cholera  made  its  Kort  Sumpter  had  l)een  cajJtured  by  the  Confed- 
a])])earaiice  amongst  the  crew  ot  ihirlx  iiuii,  and  erates.  Believing  that  the  overthrow  of  this 
in  less  than  eight  hours  six  of  them  were  con-  government  would  be  a  calamity  to  the  human 
signed  to  a  watery  grave.  The  ca])tain  was  race,  he  hurried  on  to  St.  Louis,  where  he  found 
panic-stricken,  as  he  thought  there  would  not  the  Confederate  flag  floating  and  mam-  of  his 
be  a  seaman  left  to  work  the  \essel;  but  fortn-  countrvmeii  in  arms  read\'  to  sn])])ort  it. 
natel\'  the  remainder  were  s])ared.  It  then  He  arri\ed  in  the  city  at  noon,  and  the  A't'^v/- 
attacked  the  ])oor  emigrants,  of  whom  between  iiig  Intelligencer  of  that  day  contained  a  strong 
six  and  se\en  hundretl  were  on  board,  and  in  address  to  American  citizens,  asking  them  to 
ten  days  pro.strated  one  hundred  and  tweiit\-five  consider  the  consequences  of  overthrowing  a 
of  them.  government  of  whose  existence,  except  for  its 
'IMie  ship  was  a  i)ertect  Ciolgotha,  as  all  on  beneficence,  they  to  that  time  were  unconscious, 
board  were  more  or  less  sick  and  awaited  their  The  effect  of  this  was  to  set  man\'  of  them 
end  with  melancholy  resignation.  Yet  a  curious  thinking  who  unwittingly  had  joined  the  Con- 
incident  connected  with  this  voyage  was  that  all  federate  cause.  During  the  war  he  placed  hini- 
sickness  ceased  as  suddenh- as  it  had  broken  out  self  at  the  disposal  of  the  Government  for  anv 
when  the  slii]>  eiilered  the  (iulf  stream;  so  that  dut\'  required  of  him,  and  was  em]>lo\ed  in  main- 
when  she  arri\ed  in  New  York  not  a  case  of  important  missions.  When  the  war  was  over 
sickness  was  on  board.  The  history  of  this  he  commenced  the  agitation  for  the  establish- 
voyage  created  a  profound  sensation  in  Xew  meut  of  a  series  of  public  parks  around  the  citv 
\'ork,  and  the  papers  for  several  days  were  filled  limits,  which  at  that  time  extended  only  six 
with  detailed  accounts  of  it;  nor  were  the  ])as-  hundred  feet  west  of  Grand  avenue.  His  \>^x- 
sengers,  now  that  danger  had  ])assed,  unmindful  sonal  ])ersuasion  induced  the  late  Mr.  Shaw  to 
of  tlu-  obligations  due  to  the  Doctor, who, with  donate  Tower  Grow  Park,  one  of  the  first  of 
most  inade(iuate  means,  was  unceasing  in  his  this  park  system,  which  now  adorns  our  cit\'; 
efforts,  both  night  and  da\',  to  lessen  their  suffer-  and  he  was  amongst  the  first  of  the  commission- 
ing and  sa\e  their  li\es.  The\'  presented  him  ers  ajjpoiuted  to  lay  out  Forest  Park. 
with  a  wtll-lilled  inirse  and  a  most  flattering  During  the  last  ten  years  he  has  been  actix'ely 
address  of  thanks,  which,  with  the  notoriet\-  engaged  in  supporting  the  cause  of  the  Irish 
received  from  all  the  Xew  York  papers,  would  people  in  their  efforts  to  obtain  home  rule,  and 
lia\e  enabled  him  to  enter  on  a  large  practice  has  been  nnreinittingly  engaged  in  his  profes- 
iheie;  but  as  a  near  relative.  Count  .Mexander  sioual  practice.  He  has  written  some  medical 
( )'Reill\ ,  had  been  the  first  go\ernor  of  Louis-  papers  which  were  \ery  generally  copied  bv  the 
iana,  under  Spanish  rule  in  ITii.s,  he  had  an  journals.  ( )iie  was  the  "  Beneficial  Influence  of 
anxious  desire  tt)  see  a  conntrx  whose  early  Tobacco  as  an  .\ntidote  for  Str\chnine  Poison- 
liistoiA  had  been  framed  by  his  ancestors.  ing;"  second,  "  Tiie  Influence  of  Rest  and  Rec- 
W'Ikii  he  arri\ed  in  .St.  Louis  he  found  him-  reation  as  a  Cure  for  Xervt>us  Prostration."" 
self  without  an  aciiuaintanceand  without  inonex ,  The  last  one  was  on  hygiene.  Dr.  ()"Reiil\- 
sn  there  was  no  alternative  but  to  remain  here.  is  still  engaged  in  active  ])ractice,  with  a  clear 
ReK  ing  on  tlu-  a]>preeiation  of  a  generous  mind  and  keen  conception,  so  that  it  is  to  be 
public,  he  placed  himself  at  their  service  bv  hoped  that  he  will  leave  behind  him  a  work  de- 
attiiiding  so  strictK  to  his  professional  duties  scripti\e  of  his  vast  experience  and  deserxing  of 
that  for  a  period  of  eleven  years  he  never  lost  a  a  ]ilace  in  the  medical  literature  t)f  the  age. 
wiek  from  his  office.  He  then  revisited  his  During  the  lime  he  acted  as  chief  clinical  clerk 
native  laud,  and  wliik'  there  realized  that  civil  in  the  Me.uh  Hospital,  the  death  of  Clarence 
war  was   inevitable   in   the    rniti-d  .Slates,  so  he  Mangan,   the    greatest   of    modern    Irish    poets, 


.•?G2 


oi.n  Axn  x/-: ir  s v.  i.oi  vs. 


took  i)lacf  in  tliat  insliliuinii.  Tliis  event  ))ein.<,r 
now  clonded  in  ol)scniit\ ,  lias  led  to  mistakes  on 
the  part  of  his  modern  l)io.t;raphers  as  to  tlie  con- 
ditions of  his  last  end.  How  Man^an  entered 
the  liosi)ital.  Dr.  O'Keilly  cannot  say,  as  he  lias 
onlv  liis  memory  to  rely  on,  Init  he  presnnies 
that  it  was  as  an  ordinar\-  jxitient,  for  on  the 
morninu;  after.  Dr.  .Stokes  recognized  liini 
amonuj-st  the  otlier  patients  of  the  pnhlic  ward, 
and  ordered  liim  removed  to  a  private  one  where, 
at  Dr.  Stokes' expense,  everytliinir  that  conld  ren- 
der liis  last  da\s  comfortable  was  l)est(i\\ed  uiion 
him.  His  ])hvsical  and  mental  condition  were 
weak,  .so  that  he  conld  little  realize  the  tender 
care  with  which  he  was  nnrsed,  both  by  ])hysi- 
cians  and  stndents,  and  he  jiassed  away  some 
time  in  either  May  nv  Jnne  of    ISt'.l. 

OuKKK,  Jdiix  Ckomwi'.i.i.,  may  be  described 
without  flattery  as  one  of  the  most  able  law\ers 
in  the  West  and  as  one  of  the  most  influential 
and  reliable  citizens  of  .St.  Louis.  Althoui^h 
not  \-et  llfly-fiiur  )-ears  of  a<^e,  he  has  had  char.t^e 
of  interests  iuvolvin.ij  millions  of  dollars,  and 
his  zeal  on  behalf  of  his  clients  has  resulted  in 
sa\'ini^  immense  sums  of  money  to  lliem. 

It  is  specially  gratif>in<;  to  note  tliat  Mr. 
Orrick  is  a  Missouri  man,  bavins^  been  born  at 
St.  Charles,  on  October  2.'),  1S4(I.  His  father, 
John  ()rrick,  was  a  \'irt^iniau,  belonging' to  the 
famous  Pendleton  family  of  llie  Old  Dominion. 
He  mo\ed  to  Missouri  in  l.s;U,  and  ten  years 
later  was  sent  to  the  State  Legislature  by  St. 
Charles  county  as  a  Whig,  although  the  count\- 
was  regarded  as  safely  Democratic.  Mrs.  John 
Orrick  was  formerly  Miss  Urilla  Stouetraker. 
She  was  born  in  Hagerstowu,  Mar\lan(l,  whither 
her  family  had  removed  from  Pennsylvania,  in 
which  vState  their  ancestors  had  settled  at  a 
remote  period. 

Mr.  Orrick.  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  received 
a  thorough  literary  education,  the  foundation  of 
which  was  laid  at  the  Avondale  Academy,  and 
completed  at  the  St.  Charles  College,  graduating 
from  that  institution  in  the  class  of  IHf)!*.  He 
then  took  the  law  course  in  the  law  school  of 
Harvard    College,    graduating   in    the    class  of 


IMi'il,  with  ihedegrceof  Ilachelor  of  Laws.  1  le 
then  returned  lo  .St.  Charles  and  commenced  the 
l)ractice  of  law  in  the  office  of  .Mr.  Thomas  W. 
Cunningham. 

His  legal  career  was,  h(i\\e\er,  iulerru]Hed  at 
the  outset  by  the  war.  He  espoused  the  cause 
of  the  Union  and  set  himself  to  work  to  organize 
a  military  company,  which  was  ])laced  under  the 
command  of  Colonel  Arnold  Krekel.  h'or  two 
years  he  himself  served  as  captain  under  (ien- 
eral  lycwis  Merrill,  in  North  Missouri,  in  lS(i."i 
he  was  ap])ointe(I  counselor  lor  the  Xorlh  Mis- 
souri Kailwa\'  Ccim]ian\',  now  known  as  the 
Wabash  iS:  St.  Louis,  and  he  held  this  position 
for  nine  \ears.  In  the  same  year  he  was  ap- 
jiointed  by  (iovernor  Oamble,  United  States 
district  atlorne\-  for  the  Xineteenth  Judicial 
District,  to  hll  the  unexpired  term  caused  b\-  the 
resignation  of  .Mr.  W,  W.  Ivlwards.  He  was 
elected  for  anollur  term  in  IMU,  but  resigned 
after  two  years,  in  order  to  become  a  candidate 
on  the  Republican  side  to  represent  St.  Charles 
count\'  in  llie  Legislature.  He  served  for  two 
terms,  anil  in  l.SdS  was  elected  s]>eakcr,  being 
the  youngest  man  ever  to  occujiy  the  chair.  He 
pro\-ed  an  able  ])arliamentarian  and  a  very 
impartial  presiding  officer,  and  although  he  was 
the  vonngest  s])eaker  Missouri  has  ever  seen,  he 
was  certainlv  one  of  the  best. 

The  \-er\-  diHicult  (juestion  of  dealing  with  llu- 
former  secessionists  came  up  for  settlement,  and 
there  was  a  great  divergency  of  opinion  among 
prominent  ])oliticians  as  to  the  ct)nrse  to  be 
adopted.  Mr.  ()rrick,  then  speaker,  advocated 
the  remosal  of  disabilities  from  those  disfran- 
chised. It  is  well  known  that  he  was  largely 
resjionsible  for  the  drafting  and  submission  ol 
the  amendment  to  the  constitution,  dealing  with 
the  jiroblem  in  a  liberal  and  large-hearted  man- 
ner, which  enfranchised  the  rebels  and  their 
s\nij)athizers. 

Public  feeling  ran  high  at  the  time,  and  Mr. 
( )rrick,  who  had  offered  a  resolution  in  thisdirec- 
lion  in  the  Re])ublican  caucus  and  secured  its 
adoption,  ran  the  gauntlet  of  a  great  deal  of 
bitter  criticism;  but  he  recognized  that  the 
amendments  would,  if  adojjted,  cause  the  State 


^M-U-^ 


iiioi.RAPinc.M.  .  \rri:Kni\. 


3f53 


t(i  Irap  forward  more  tliaii  a  i^encratioii  in  its 
march  of  progress,  and  tlie  results  ha\e  more 
tliaii  justified  his  expectation  and  jnediction. 

Mr.  ( )rrick  came  to  St.  Louis  in  IJ^TI,  in  or- 
der 111  lia\e  a  wider  and  nu)re  lucrati\'e  field  in 
which  til  ])ractice  his  j^rofession,  and  from  that 
liuR-  until  the  jjresent  he  has  l)een  regarded  as 
one  o[  the  leading  members  of  the  .St.  Louis 
bar,  anil  has  devoted  himself  exclusi\el\'  to  his 
practice.  While  in  vSt.  Charles,  Mr.  Orrick  was 
in  i)artuershi])  with  W.  W.  lulwards  from  ISiili 
to  I'Sdf,  and  afterwards  with  Colonel  lienjamin 
Knnuons,  an  able  ]n"actilioner  at  the  bar  of  St. 
Cliarles  and  adjoiniug  counties.  This  partner- 
shi])  was  continued  until  l.'~i74,  with  offices  in 
St.  Louis  and  St.  Charles,  Colonel  b'mmons  re- 
niaiuiug  in  St.  Charles.  In  1>>7I  .Mr.  ( )rrick 
foruu-d  a  ]iarlnershi])  witli  (reneral  Jnhu  W. 
Xolilc,  hite  secretary  of  the  interior;  this  ])art- 
uerNhi])  was  dissohx-d  on  Januarv  1,  l.SSS,  and 
.Mr.  ( )rrick  has  l)een  ])racticing  alone  since. 

Mr.  ( )rrick  gi\es  his  attention  entirely  to  the 
practice  in  ci\il  cases,  and  lias  been  counsel  in 
uian\  imiiiirlanl  and  stnl)bornl\--contested  cases, 
lie  was  altorne\'  for  the  St.  Louis,  Kansas  Cit\' 
Os:  Colorado  Railroad,  and  as  such  conducted 
very  successfully  a  series  of  important  and  in- 
tricate litigations;  notabh-,  the  contest  with  the 
Wabash  Rail  wa\'  to  obtain  cut ra net.-  tn  the  I  'niun 
I)c])ot  by  the  use  of  its  tracks  through  b'orest 
I'ark  into  the  cit\',  and  it  was  decided  in  favor 
of  the  plaintiff  in  the  Su])reme  Court  of  the 
I'nited  .States. 

Xoble  iX:  ( )rrick  were  also  the  attorne\s  for 
thi'  St.  Louis  (ras  Light  Compaux-  during  llie 
prolougcil  litigation  lictwecn  the  cnuipanx-  and 
the  city,  in  which  a  laxoiable  decree  was  obtained 
for  their  client. 

.Mr.  (  )i  rick  was  marritil  in  St.  Lmiis,  Juui'  lii, 
b^i'i'.',  1.1  Mis-,  Penelope  Alien,  a  daughter  of 
llnu.  llc\crl\  .\lleu,  an  nld  and  ])riimiiK'nt 
la\v\criil  tliis(.-il\.  Tlux  ha\c  three  children — 
.Mien    Crnmwill,  Christine  and    I'lorence    King. 

Wi;i.l..s,  R()i.i..\.  —  .\lthough  not,  as  his  father 
— a  briel  record  ol  whose  career  can  he  found  on 

p.iL^es    111    anil    111'   111    this    work — a    self-made 


man,  Rolla  Wells  early  pro\-ed  himself  no  less 
energetic,  self-reliant  and  talented  and  able  to 
take  up  his  father's  work  where  it  was  left  off 
and  carry  it  forward  to  the  highest  results  of 
which  the  opportunities  created  by  the  latter 
were  capable.  His  father  was  the  late  Erastns 
Wells,  at  one  time  innnibus  (lri\-er  in  St.  Louis, 
and  afterwards  railroad  builder,  cai)italist,  I'nited 
States  congressman  and  publicist.  He  was  a 
man  of  remarkable  energy,  common  sense  and 
solid,  sound  judgment,  and  in  his  career  illus- 
trates the  innnense  ])ossibilities  .\merican  life 
and  conditions  hold  for  the  \'oung  man  who  has 
the  talent,  industry  and  determination  to  grasp 
them  and  rise  abo\e  adversity  of  circumstance. 

Rolla  Wells  is  one  of  three  children  born  to 
Mr.  Ivrastns  Wells'  first  wife,  who  was  a  daughter 
111  John  F.  Henry,  of  this  cit\'.  He  was  born  in 
St.  Lmns  in  l.S.')(),  and  was  educated  at  Wash- 
ington Uni\-ersit>-.  lie  completed  his  education 
and  left  the  institution  at  the  age  of  twent\-,  im- 
mediately entering  the  employ  of  his  father  for 
the  purpose  of  acquiring  a  ])ractical  business 
training.  He  quickh-  manifested  his  good  judg- 
ment and  abilii\-  to  learn  and  was  soon  made 
assistant  superintendent  of  the  Missouri  Street 
Railroad,  then  under  the  management  of  that 
street  railroad  expert,  Alfred  W.  Henry.  He 
showed  himself  so  well  ada]ited  to  the  recpiire- 
ments  of  his  position,  and  administered  the 
affairs  of  his  office  with  such  fidelitx'  and  exact- 
ness, that,  on  the  death  of  .Mr.  IIenr\-,  he  was 
promoted  by  his  father  to  the  responsible  posi- 
tion of  general  manager  of  the  Olive  street  line. 
I'nim  IsTl'to  ISSii  he  conducted  its  affairs,  lea\-- 
ing  it  one  of  tlu'  most  important  and  best-pa\ing 
roads  in  St.  Louis,  in  fact,  by  the  last  named 
year  the  jirojierly  had  become  so  valuable  that 
a  syndicate  was  formed  and  such  a  handsome 
offer  made  to  the  elder  Wells  that  he  sold  the 
controlling  slock,  and  ihi.-  line  ])assi-d  uul  of  his 
hands. 

.\ller  the  reorganization  of  the  affairs  of  llie 
road  had  dis|)laced  Manager  Wells,  he  became 
actively  interested  in  the  cottt)n  and  linseed  oil 
business  and  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  in  a 
number  nf  other  i-nliiprises.      About   this  lime 


.'.(il 


OLD  Axn  .xi'AV  ST.  i.oris. 


till.-  lifallli  of  liis  tallier  hcijau  In  fail  and  the 
wcijjlit  of  liis  varied  and  resi)onsible  interests 
fell  on  the  son.  The  infirmities  of  the  father 
increasin.yf,  soon  cansed  the  entire  snperintend- 
enc\  of  liis  business  to  rest  upon  Rolla,  who 
was  the  responsible  head  of  the  various  interests 
up  to  his  father's  death  in  ISIi;},  since  which 
time  he  has  been  actively  engaged  in  the  settle- 
ment of  the  estate  as  administrator.  Both  be- 
fore his  father's  death  and  since,  he  has  shown 
his  ca])acit\-  for  great  affairs,  as  well  as  an 
abiiitv  to  kee]i  in  mind  and  successltilly  nianagc 
a  great  mnltiplicit\'  of  interests.  He  has  cer- 
tainlv  displaved  a  high  degree  of  talent  as  a 
business  man  and  occupies  a  place  as  one  of  the 
leaders  of  the  local  commercial  world. 

Mr.  Wells  is  a  lover  of  the  country,  and  has 
a  strong  inclination  towards  an  agricultural 
life.  He  is  especial!)'  fond  of  blooded  stock, 
and  is  considered  an  authorit\'  on  fine  horses. 
For  man\-  years  he  has  taken  a  deep  and  active 
interest  in  the  success  of  the  St.  Louis  Fair 
Association  and  Jockey  Clul),  and  the  stock- 
holders, taking  advantage  of  his  executi\e 
ability  and  his  knowledge  of  horse-flesh,  elected 
liiui  incsidfut  of  both  the  Fair  Association  and 
Jockey  Club.  This  office  was  not  one  of  nominal 
duties  or  merely  honorary  attributes  for  Air. 
Wells  by  any  means,  for  the  general  management 
of  both  concerns  gradually  pas.sed  into  his  hands. 

So  well  did  he  fill  both  positions  of  responsi- 
bility that  he  served  three  terms  at  the  earnest 
solicitation  of  his  associates,  and  could  probably 
have  held  the  office  indefinitely  had  he  con.sented 
to  do  so.  Although  the  duties  of  the  place  were 
both  heavy  and  exacting  he  administered  its 
affairs  with  less  friction  and  to  the  better  general 
.satisfaction  of  .stockholders  and  pul)lic  than  had 
any  officer  for  years  previously,  and  it  was  with 
the  deepest  regret  of  all  concerned  that  he 
resigned  the  presidency  in  the  fall  of  isi);!,  the 
business  of  the  Jockey  Club,  Fair  .-Vssociation, 
his  father's  varied  affairs  and  his  own  commer- 
cial interests,  proving  too  much  for  even  a  man 
of  his  quickness,  grasp  of  affairs  and  industrv  to 
see  to.  Since  his  resignation  he  has  devoted  his 
attention  to  his  own  affairs  and  his  father's  estate. 


Too  often  the  bo\-  born  loan  established  jiosi- 
tion  and  with  great  wealth  at  his  command  finds 
little  incentixe  to  make  any  exertion  in  any 
direction  and  frequently  degenerates  into  a 
nonentity.  Mr.  Wells  is  certainly  a  striking 
e\cei)tion  to  such  a  r\ile,  and  has  alread\'  b\-  his 
own  efforts  pro\-ed  his  abilit\'  to  take  and  hold 
his  place  as  one  of  the  leaders  of  nuMi,  and  that 
he  realizes  the  resi)onsibilit\'  of  proving  himself 
a  worthy  son  of  an  able  and  noble  father. 
.Vlthough  still  xdung  in  \c'ars  his  judgment  has 
the  rijieness  of  nialuritx',  and  with  the  confidence 
of  his  fellow-citizens  and  man\-  successes  alreadv 
attained,  to  his  credit,  his  future  seems  fidl  of 
the  brightest  promise. 

-Mr.  Wells  is  married,  as  are  most  men  who 
fully  realize  their  whole  duty  to  themseh'es  and 
humanit)-.  He  has  an  interesting  famil\-,  con- 
sisting of  a  wife  and  four  children,  the  former 
being  before  her  marriage  Miss  Jennie  H.  Parker, 
of  this  city. 

JoxK.S,  J.-\.\rK.S  Con.'i'i-.K,  is  a  young  man  of 
marked  popularit\'  and  gives  ])romise  of  becom- 
ing as  successful  as  his  father  in  his  chosen  line 
of  work.  He  is  a  lawver,  and  since  his  admis- 
sion to  the  bar,  excepting  two  years,  has  been 
in  partnership  with  his  father,  Judge  William 
C.  Jones,  who  for  forty  years  has  been  a  bar- 
rister, and  for  almost  as  long  a  period  has  been 
before  the  jjeople  of  St.  Louis  as  a  publicist  and 
man  of  affairs.  The  Jones  family  is  of  luiglish 
origin,  which  at  an  early  day  came  to  America 
and  spread  over  Virginia  and  Kentucky.  James 
C.'s  nuither  was  Mar\-  Chester  before  her  mar- 
riage. 

Mr.  J.  C.  Jones  was  burn  in  .St.  Louis,  .March 
^o,  ISdi;,  and  was  educated  in  the  ])idjlic  schools 
of  this  cit\'.  At  fifteen  years  of  age  he  went  to 
.Marshall,  Texas,  and  while  there  studied  law 
in  the  office  of  Hon.  Aniory  R.  Starr.  When 
eighteen  years  old  he  returned  to  St.  Lotiis,  was 
admitted  to  the  bar,  and  for  two  years  practiced 
law  alone,  and  then  formed  the  partnership  with 
his  father  which  has  since  continued.  He 
devotes  special  attention  to  life  and  acci- 
dent   insurance    law,    and    had    charge  of   that 


y^:^^^\I 


luocR.  \riin '.  If.  .  //•/'/•.'AV'/.v, 


8li5 


feature  of    the  celebrated  Vail  and  Stipel  cases.  A  period  spent  in  the  country  restored  him  to 

Mr.  Jones  married   Miss   i\[ainie,  daughter  of     health,  and  on  his  return  to   vSt.   Louis  he  ar- 

James    Mai^uire,    of    .St.     Louis,    and    niece    of      ranijed   a   partnership   with   (iustave  Drth,  and 


.\rchl)isho])  R\an,  of  I'hiladelphia. 
three  children. 


'rhe\-  have 


I'attiso.v,  lIiCH  'P.,  son  of  Thomas  and 
i\ose  ( McQuellan  )  I'attison,  was  born  in  this 
cit>-.  May  ■'^,  \>^'u  ,  and  althou.^h  he  is  not  yet 
])ast  his  earl\  manhood,  is  rated  as  one  of  the 
most  snccessinl  ami  popular  vonut;  citi/.ens  ol 
the  western  metrop- 
olis. He  received  a 
fair  education  at  the 
])aroclital  scliools  of 
the  cit\',  and  on 
lea\in<i  them  went 
to  work  as  ofhee-bo\' 
for  his  father,  who 
was  su])erintendent 
of  a  packing-house 
of  considerable  size 
and  importance  for 
those  (la\s.  He  re- 
mained at  this  ap- 
])ren  t  i  cesh  i  p  for 
about  two  years  and 
then  transferred  his 
services  to  a  grocery 
store,  where  he  acted 
in  the  capacity  of 
clerk  for  about  three 
)ears. 

Ileabsorbed  knowl- 
edt^e  relative    to   all 

matters  of  a  mercantile  character  most  readilv  , 
and  it  was  noi  Ions;  bi-fove  his  nu'rils  nu't  with 
substantial  reeoj:;uilion,  with  the  result  that  he 
was  appointed  to  the  superinteudenev  ol  the 
paekins;  and  shi])pin<.;  departnu-nt  of  the  Last 
Si.  I.ouis  I'aekini;  and  IMdvision  Companv  .  He 
held  this  jtosition  until  the  s]iriui;  of  1.S7!',  and 
then  accepted  a  position  in  a  like  capacitv  with 
the  Xational  Slock  N'aids  Comp.inv  ,  where  hi- 
cinuiimed  until  llu'  sprins.;  of  l.sso,  wlu-n  he 
was  com])elle<I  to  nsij^n  on  account  of  ill 
health. 


HCCiH     T.     1>ATTIS0N 


nuder  the  firm  name  of  <  )rth  ^c  I'attison  they 
opened  a  grocery  on  vSixteenth  street.  Within 
about  a  year  Mr.  Pattisou  sold  out  to  his  part- 
ner and  ojiened  a  grocery  on  his  own  account  at 
I^lliott  and  Cass  avenues.  He  conducted  this 
business  verv  successfully  for  four  years,  and 
then  disposed  of  it  to  accejit  the  position  of 
superintendent  of  the  Union  Cbdi-house,  where 

he  continued  until 
he  accepted  a  posi- 
tion in  the  city 
water  rates  office. 
Here  he  remained 
two  years,  or  until 
he  was  called  to  a 
place  in  the  city 
treasurer's  ofhce. 

Li  IXiiO,  .sn])niit- 
ting  to  the  solicita- 
tion of  his  legion  of 
friends,  he  became 
a  candidate  for  of- 
fice, aspiring  to  be 
clerk  of  the  Crim- 
inal Court.  He 
was  elected,  and 
since  November, 
IXiK),  has  adminis- 
tered the  affairs  of 
the  o  iTi  c  e  w  i  t  li 
marked  tact  and  sa- 
gacitv'  and  in  a  man- 
ner to  greatlv  increase  his  popularity. 

Mr.  I'attison  is  married,  his  domestic  part- 
ner having  been  before  marriage  Miss  Josie 
h'rainey,  of  this  city. 

HirciiiNSoN,  K()i!i;Rr  KvNixH.iMr,  was  born 
at  Petersburg,  \'irginia,  .\ngust  -•'^,  i.s;{7,  son 
of  Rev.  K.  C.  Hutchinson,  D.I).,  and  Lucy  H. 
(  R.indol]ili  )  ilnlehinson;  was  educated  at  the 
Luiversitv  of  \irginia  and  the  I'niversity  of 
liirlin,  derniany.  .\fler  tinisliing  his  university 
ct.)nrse  abroad  he  returned  to  tlie  United  States, 


:;i;(i 


OLD  Axn  xiiw  sr.  lolis. 


and  was  admitted  to  tlic  bar  in  ISfld.  He  came 
to  Missouri  in  1.S41.  On  tlie  breaking  unt  of 
the  civil  war  lie esponsed  the  canseof  thcvSonlh, 
and  entered  tlie  b'irst  .Missouri  Infantry  Re<;i- 
ment  in  the  Confederate  arm\-,  and  served  as 
assistant  adjntant-jjeneral  of  Howen's  Missouri 
Brij^ade  and  Division,  until  llie  fall  oi  \'icks- 
burg.  PVom  that  time  until  the  close  of  the  war 
he  served  in  Rodes'  Division,  Jackson's  Cor])s 
of  tlie  Armv  of  Northern  X'irginia,  as  assistant 
adjutant-general,  with  the  rank  of  lieutenant- 
colonel. 

When  ])eace  was  declared,  Culouel  Hutchin- 
son returned  to  St.  I^ouis,  and  being  unable  to 
practice  law  on  account  of  the  test-oath  appK  - 
ing  to  attorne>s,  he  turned  his  attention  to  other 
pursuits,  and  became  cashier  of  the  Lucas  Bank 
nnlil  its  consolidation  with  the  .Mechanics' 
Bank,  in  1<S7!I,  when  he  was  elected  cashier  of 
this  institution,  which  position  he  has  since 
held,  de\'otiug  the  ability  and  educational  train- 
ing that  would  lia\'e  made  him  a  first-class  law- 
yer to  the  building  up  and  extension  of  the 
business  of  the  institution  in  which  he  holds  so 
resjionsible  a  trust. 


Western  was  bought  out  l)y  the  Inland  Oil  Com- 
jiany.  .Mr.  Jones  had  become  such  a  \-aluable 
man  in  the  business  that  the  new  com])an\- 
made  him  an  offer  of  employment,  which  he- 
accepted. 

.Vfter  three  years  he  was  read\-  to  go  into  the 
oil  business  for  himself,  and  he  accordiugh'  be- 
came connected  with  .\.  A.  .Spcer  (&  Comi)an\-, 
the  style  of  the  firm  l)ecoming  Speer,  Jones  iS: 
Company,  'i'his  firm  did  business  for  five  vears, 
or  until  Mr.  Jones  bought  out  Mr.  vSjieer's  in- 
terest, and  has  since  conducted  the  business  as 
sole  projirietor,  under  the  st\de  of  (ieorge  P. 
Jones  ^  Company.  .V  large  ])art  of  his  trade 
lies  with  railroads,  although  he  sells  largeh'  to 
manufacturers,  for  wlmm  he  makes  a  line  of 
specialties. 

Mr.  Jones  has  Ijcen  a  uunibei'  of  the  Mercliauts' 
li.xchange  for  twenty  years.  He  is  also  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Mercantile  Club,  and  in  fraternal 
circles  belongs  to  the  Rosal  .\rcanum  and  the 
Legion  of  Honor.  He  was  married  .Ma\-  l"i, 
bSSl,  ti)  Louise  C.  Crofton,  of  Bloomington,  Illi- 
nois. Three  children  have  l)een  born  to  them, 
onlv  one  of  whom  is  lixintr. 


J()Ni-;.s,.C''Ki)R('.H  P.,  is  a  natix'e  of  ].,ouis\ille, 
Kentucky,  where  he  was  born  September  11, 
IS,")."),  nearly  half  a  centur\-  ago.  He  was 
brought  to  vSt.  Louis  when  but  four  \ears  o\ 
age.  His  father,  Henrv  Jones,  was  a  prosper- 
ous physician,  and  tollowed  his  profession  for 
many  \-ears  in  Louisville,  but  on  locating  in 
St.  Louis  retired  from  active  practice.  His 
mother's  maiden  name  was  Kliza  Kate  Carlisle. 

Tlie  lad  received  a  thorough  common  school 
education  in  the  public  schools  of  the  city,  and 
when  he  had  progressed  as  far  as  these  schools 
could  take  him,  he  then  took  the  regular  com- 
mercial courses  at  Jones'  Business  College. 
Immediately  after  his  graduation  from  the  busi- 
ness college,  eni])loyment  was  t)ffered  bv  the 
Western  Oil  Company:  he  accepted,  and  this 
was  the  beginning  of  his  commercial  career  in  a 
line  of  business  in  which  he  has  continued  ever 
since.  His  lime  of  service  with  this  company 
continued  over  a  term  of  five  years,  or  until  the 


Rkiiarhsox,  Wii.i.iA.M  C,  .M.D.,  was  boru 
.March  12,  lS4ii,  near  Davenport,  Iowa.  His 
earlv  years  were  sjieut  on  a  farm,  jiiincipalK'  in 
Illinois,  where  his  father  remo\ed  while  he  was 
(|uite  young.  He  entered  the  army  in  ISliH,  be- 
ing then  l)Ul  lourteen  vears  of  age,  enlisting  as 
a  private  in  the  .Seventeenth  Illinois  Cavalry. 
He  ser\'ed  during  the  remainder  of  the  war,  and 
at  its  close  was  honOrablv  discharged.  He  is 
now  a  member  of   Ransoni  Post,  (L  .-\.  R. 

In  l.siif,  while  on  a  special  service  in  ,St. 
Louis,  he  became  so  well  impressed  with  the 
cil\-  as  a  field  of  future  usefulness,  that  at  the 
end  of  his  term  of  ser\ice  in  the  army  he  de- 
termined to  locate  here  to  practice  his  chosen 
profession.  .Vfter  completing  his  studies,  he 
began  the  ]iractice  of  medicine  and  surgery  in 
St.  Louis. 

In  1S7II  he  married  .Miss  P)inaise  \'erdier,  an 
accomplislie(l  \aA\\  a  native  of  P'rauce,  but 
reared  and  educated  in  St.  Louis. 


i!i( u,A\  ii'iin  .  //.  . \rfi:.\nix. 


Dr.  Richardson  has  been  from  the  coninience- 
HR-iit  of  liis  medical  career  an  entlmsiastic  and 
untiring  stndent  of  liis  profession,  ami  he  soon 
became  recognized  as  one  of  the  lights  of  liis 
scliool.  He  was  ajjpointcd  adjnnet  professor  of 
diseases  of  women  in  the  Ilonueojiathic  Medi- 
cal College  of  Missouri  in  I'SfUi,  and  in  Lsyil 
was  made  jirofessor  of  obstetrics  and  snrgical 
diseases  of  women,  which  position  he  still 
holds. 

In  JST'S  he  was  elected  treasurer  of  the  college 
and  later  dean,  which 
office  he  now  holds. 
Imoui  IST.'i  to  1.S7.S 
he  was  editor  of  the 
.  liiitiicait  Observer^ 
and  in  1«.H()  of  the 
Mrdictxl Courier^  and 
is  a  frequent  con- 
tributor to  the  medi- 
cal journals  and  so- 
cieties, including 
local,  vState  and  na- 
tional, in  all  of  which 
lie  holds  ail  acliw 
uunibership. 

Aniiclstall  this  niul- 
til)licit\-  of  work, 
I  >r.  Richardson  has 
found  time  to  do 
something  in  the 
wa\'  ol  authorship. 
In  bsTt;  lu-  published 
a  small  treatise  on 
cholera     infantum 

an<l  otlu'r  diseases  of  childn.ii;  and  in  IST.s 
a  te.\t-book  on  obstetrics,  whiih  has  become 
a  standard  work,  not  onl\-  in  the  medical  schools 
ol  this  country,  but  in  Ivnroiie. 

Ilk-  1  )oetor  is  one  ol  the  lust-known  men  in 
this  i-oiuuiuuit\  ,  being  connected  nK)st  e.xteii- 
siveU  with  the  .\.  ().  V .  \V.  He  was  initiated 
into  luitiiprise  I.odge,  Xo.  ."i,  of  St.  Louis,  in 
M.neh,  ISTi;;  the  following  mouth  the  Crand 
Lodge  of  .Missouri  was  inslitnled.  .\t  tliis  ses- 
siou  he  was  elected  ('.rand  Recorder,  and  lield 
the   ollice    continuousK    up    to    March    1,    1S!M. 


)R.     \\  ll.l.l AM     C.     kICMARD.SON. 


The  Doctor's  great  interest  in  the  order  was 
made  manifest  f)y  inaugurating  a  more  jjerfect 
system  ol  medical  examination,  which  has 
jjroved  to  be  the  most  perfect  yet  devised  by  any 
beneficiary  order.  It  was  adopted  by  the  Sn- 
l)reine  lyodge  unanimously,  and  the  Doctor  was 
at  once  ap])oiiited  snpreme  medical  examiner 
under  it.  While  occupying  this  position  he 
com])iled  a  liook  of  instructions  for  medical  ex- 
aminers, which  is  the  recognized  guide  for  over 
ten    thousand    medical    examiners    throughout 

the    entire    L'nited 
States  and  Canada. 

From  l««2to  1M88 
he  was  chairman  of 
the  vSupreme  Lodge 
Committee  on  \'ital 
Statistics,  and  his  re- 
ports have  circnlated 
all  over  the  world. 
He  is  known  every- 
where as  ///(•  author- 
ity on  vital  statistics 
relating  to  the  work 
of  beneficiary  soci- 
eties. His  reports 
show  great  stnd\'  and 
research. 

lu  Xo\ember,  I  Mil', 
he  was  elected  public 
administrator  of  tlic 
city  of  St.  Louis  for 
a  term  of  four  years. 
He  had  always  be- 
fore ke])t  out  of  poli- 
tics, hut  the  Republican  part\',  with  which  he 
has  alwavs  been  identified,  was  .so  earnest  and 
eui])halic  in  tendering  him  this  nomination,  and 
snbse(|Ueut  election,  that  he  was  finally  con- 
strained to  accept  it.  His  election  that  year  by 
the  largest  number  of  votes  of  any  one  on  tlie 
ticket,  when  e\ery tiling  else  went  Democratic, 
was  a  mark  of  the  high  esteem  in  which  he  is 
held  b\,  the  coinmunit\  . 

.\11  of  the  time  that  can  be  sjiared  from  liis 
practice  is  dexoted  to  the  promotion  of  tlie  wel- 
fare <.>1   two  of  our  l)est-knowii   institutions,  the 


."Kl.s 


1)1. n  .\.\n  .\i:W  sr.  i.oris. 


HonKL-tijKUliic  Mfdical  Colle.i;c  of  .Missouri  and 
llic  Anciciil  Order  of  Ciiitcd  Workmen,  in  botli 
of  wliicli  Ik-  is  lionon-d  with  llie  highest  official 
positions. 

Dr.  Richardson  is  a  fluent  lecturer,  and  his 
reputation  as  a  speaker  is  such  tliat  he  is  often 
called  u])on  to  deliver  jiublic  addresses  for  socie- 
ties and  institutions  of  learning.  His  reputa- 
tion as  a  consultant  and  surgeon  is  so  extensive 
that  he  is  frequently  called  In  distant  cities  for 
consultations  and  to  perform  operations. 

I'l.A'l"!",  Hi'.-NKV  S. — While  Keuluckx  and  \'ir- 
giuia  have  furnished  tlieir  quota  of  forceful  nun 
who  have  yiade  .St.  J^ouis  the  great  city  she  is 
to-dav,  no  less  a  number  of  uieu  of  this  character 
wlu)  have  1)ecomethe  leading  merchants,  manu- 
facturers, hankers,  and  professional  men  of 
St.  Louis,  were  born  in  New  York.  Many  other 
Xortheru  .States  are  represented  here,  notwith- 
standing the  fact  that  vSt.  I.onis  is  sometimes 
said  to  l)e  a  southern  cit>-,  inhabited  only  l>y 
southern  peo])le. 

Among  the  other  pnimineut  St.  Louisans  na- 
tive of  New  York  is  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
who  was  born  in  the  (|uiet  little  village  of  An- 
gelica, in  .\lleghany  count v,  ( )ctober  1!',  ISr^s, 
and  therefore  lacks  but  four  years  of  having 
reached  his  three  score  years  and  ten.  He  is 
the  -son  of  Theodorus  James  P.  and  Melissa  A. 
Piatt,  whcse  maiden  name  was  Bellinger,  and, 
although  educational  facilities  were  not  of  the 
best  in  that  early  day  even  in  New  York,  the 
lad  received  a  fairly  good  education  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  the  State. 

Some  men  absorb  knowledge  from  everv 
source,  and  with  little  regular  schooling  are 
still  well  educated  men,  while  others  after 
attending  schools  and  colleges  for  vears  have 
yet  learnt  little,  for  where  the  natural  talents 
exist  education  is  easy.  Mr.  Piatt  was  endowed 
at  birth  with  natural  talents  of  a  high  order,  and 
he  was  therefore  enabled  to  make  the  most  of 
meager  educational  facilities,  and  these  natural 
endowments  have  snbseqnentlv  contributed 
largely  to  his  material  success. 

In   1!S4(>,   or  when   about  eighteen   years  old, 


he  became  imbued  with  the  idea  that  the  W'est 
was  the  place  for  a  young  man,  and  he  accord- 
ingly bade  his  relatives  and  friends  good-bve, 
and  in  .\pril  of  the  above-mentioned  year  landed 
in  St.  Louis.  He  thus  became  to  some  extent 
a  real  pioneer,  for  while  Si.  Lc»iis  in  that  dav 
was  of  certain  relative  importance,  it  was  far 
from  being  actuallv  more  than  a  good-si/.ed 
town.  .\fter  reaching  the  town  he  formed  a 
couneclioii  with  the  drug  firm  ol  liarron  iX: 
Roth  well,  then  located  on  I'iue  street,  between 
Main  and  Levee,  intending  to  K-aru  the  busi- 
ness. 

However,  the-  war  with  .Mexico  was  brewing 
and  soon  broke,  and  the  young  druggist  after  a 
year's  service  with  the  firm  was  moved  to  enlist 
under  Colont-l  .\.  R.  Ivistou  anil  Lieutenanl- 
Colouel  Ferdinand  Kenuett  in  Comj)auy  15.  He 
served,  however,  only  from  May  until  August,  in 
which  month  he  returned  to  St.  Louis,  and  with 
the  limited  amount  of  cajjital  which  he  had 
acquired  opened  a  small  drug  store  on  the  north- 
east corner  of  Seventh  street  and  Franklin 
avenue.  He  conducted  a  verv'  successful  and 
constautiv  expanding  business  here  until  l^Ki:^, 
when  he  went  into  partnership  with  Robert 
Thorul)urgh,  and  with  their  capitals  thus  com- 
l)ined  the  retail  drug  business  was  abandoned 
and  a  paint,  oil  and  glass  business  established. 

.\s  Mr.  Piatt  is  essentially  a  business  uiau, 
and  as  the  business  whieli  he  so  ])rosperotisly 
conducted  for  so  mauv  years  is  very  closelv' 
identified  with  and  reflects  his  i)erst)nalitv-,  it  is 
fitting  that  a  few  facts  relative  to  the  same 
should  be  here  given.  Mr.  I-'latt  judged  rightly 
that  there  was  ;i  demand  for  such  couimodities 
that  would  am])lv  su]iport  a  house  dealing  in 
them  exclusivelv,  and  the  firm  was  prosperous 
from  the  dav  of  its  institution.  Lver  and)itious, 
.Mr.  Piatt  was  not  content  with  the  field  of  labor 
offered  bv  the  ])aiut,  oil  and  glass  business 
alone,  and  with  an  energy  of  a  kind  that  is  the 
uioving  force  of  commerce,  in  l.S(i.'),  he,  in  con- 
nection with  other  gentlemen,  established  a 
white  lead  manufacturing  plant  at  the  corner  of 
Main  and  Lombard  streets. 

This  business  was  run  under  the  firm  name  of 


/y/( h;a'. \riiiL  al  .  iri'i-.xnix. 


369 


I'latl,  Tlionibiiii^h  (S:  Conii)any  until  IStiT,  wIru 
il  was  incorporated  as  tlic  Soutliern  White  Lead 
Coni])any,  a  name  tliat  was  afterward  carried  to 
(.'\'er\-  point  of  llic  country  by  tlie  coiu])auy\s 
products.  Of  this  company  Mr.  I'latt  was  made 
xice-jircsident,  and  like  every  other  measure 
with  which  he  has  been  connected,  the  mills  did 
a  hi.L;  business  until  bSH'.i,  when,  upon  the  forma- 
tion of  the  lead  trust  the  vSoutliern  .Mills  were 
absorbed,  and  are  now  conducted  as  a  part  of 
the  liui^e  corpcnation.  In  March,  issn,  the 
])aint,  oil  and  glass  business  was  incorporated 
as  the  I'latt  &  Thornburgh  Paint  and  (Mass 
Company,  with  11.  .S.  I'latt,  president;  Robert 
'riiornlmri^h,  x-ice-j^resident,  and  H.  W.  Havden, 
secretary.  In  I)ecend)er,  of  the  same  year,  Mr. 
R.  Thorul)ury;h  died,  and  his  sou,  \V.  H.  Tliorn- 
bnri^li,  took  his  place  as  \'ice-prcsi(leut.  .Mr. 
Ilaydcn  also  died  soon  afterward  and  was 
succeeded  in  the  secretarwship  b\- II.  lioardman. 
In  I'cbruar\-,  IXiK),  Mr.  Piatt,  findinii-  that  his 
health  was  failim;  him,  retired  from  acti\'e  busi- 
ness, turninji;  his  business  over  to  his  sons.  Tliis 
made  necessary  another  reorj^auizatiou  of  the 
company,  and  W.  H.  Thornl)ur}.;;h  was  elected 
president;  Philip  C.  Piatt,  vice-president;  11. 
lioardman,  secretar\  ,  and  C.  R.  Piatt,  assistant 
secretary;  and  II.  ,S.  I'latt,  Jr.,  su]ierinteu(leut. 
In  connicticni  with  this  business  the  eom]i:in\- 
has  erected  a  li\e-story  buildinj^  for  the  purpose 
of  storing;  and  handling;  j)aiuts,  .tjlass,  etc.  The 
fact  that  .St.  Louis  is  the  leading;  jiaint  and  .<;lass 
market  in  the  cnniitr\  ,  and  thattlu-  liouse  is  the- 
lari^est  in  the  cit\',  will  .L;i\e  some  idea  to  its 
importance. 

Mutdi  (>l  the  jireseut  success  of  tlie  business  is 
nudouhtcdly  dm-  to  Mr.  I'latt,  as  his  sound 
iud^Uleln  and  eut-rL;\  ha\e  ]da\e(l  a  most  im- 
lioilant  pail  in  tlu-  t'ouipanx 's  historv.  lie  i> 
an  excellint  citizen,  ris])ecte(l  b\  all  who  know 
him,  and  is  a  man  of  iulkxible  iute.i;vit\  and 
honesty.  .M.uiy  demands  liaxi-  been  niaile  on 
his  abilit\-  in  the  conduct  of  enterprises  outside 
ol  the  liusiui'ss  with  which  he  li.is  bi-i-n  rei^ii- 
larl\  identihed.  He  was  one  of  the  oris^inal 
ori;ani/.ers  of  the  Cry>tal  Plate  (Uass  Coin]>anv, 
of  which  he  is  still  a  director;  he  is  also  one  of 
24 


the  ori<^inal  founders  of  the  P'ranklin  Bank,  and 
is  still  connected  with  the  institution  as  a 
director. 

Mr.  Piatt  has  had  a  lar.t,re  family  of  children, 
seven  of  whom,  si.x  sons  and  one  dau>;;hter,  are 
yet  livin.y;.  All  are  children  of  iutelli<(ence  and 
]5romise,  and  are  a  ^reat  support  to  their  parents 
in  their  old  a.i^e.  Mr.  I'latt  was  man-ied  ( )cto- 
ber  ]."),  l.S.")l,  to  .Mi.ss  Klizabeth  \V.  Parues,  of 
Philadel])hia,  Pennsyh'ania. 

L.\.SHHK,  RoHKRT  p;.,  son  of  Eli  and  Mary 
(Kellogo^)  Lasher,  was  born  at  Hillsdale,  Xew 
York,  June  ^O,  1M4.S.  He  attended  the  Hill.s- 
dale  district  schools  three  or  four  mouths  in  the 
year  until  twelve  years  old,  when  he  went  to 
work  on  his  father's  farm.  In  bSi>2  he  secured 
other  emplo\nient,  and  in  IsiK)  turned  his  at- 
tention to  carpenterini^,  but  later  decided  to 
learn  the  carriasje  business  and  entered  the 
vSonth  P^f^remont  (  Massachusetts  )  carria<^e  fac- 
torw  In  l?^7i  he  removed  to  Lincoln,  Ne- 
braska, and  for  si.xteen  mouths  worked  at  his 
trade,  but  in  1X72  came  to  vSt.  lyonis.  For  six 
years  he  worked  hard  at  his  trade,  putting;  b\- 
ninue\"  uKintliK'  with  a  \'icw  to  j^'o  into  business 
for  himself.  In  isso  lie  commenced  manufact- 
uriutj  kitchen  safes,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Campbell  ^  Lasher,  hut  sold  out,  and  in  li^Ml 
established  the  firm  of  R.  V,.  Lasher  X:  Co., 
with  a  furniture  manufactor\-  at  1121  Xorth 
Main  street. 

In  April,  ls>i;>,  the  factory  was  parlK'  de- 
stroyed b\-  tire,  .\fterward  he  purchased  the 
\acant  lots  2722  to  27;)()  on  South  Third  street, 
u])on  which  he  erected  a  modern  and  s[>len- 
(li(l!\-equipiied  one-story  brick  factor\-,  cover- 
inj;  a  s]iace  of  S.")xl.">2  feet,  which  later  was 
increased  in  size  by  the  addition  of  one  stor\', 
and  it  is  still  occupied  by  its  enterprisinjj 
builder. 

In  PVbruar\,  If^M,  Mi.  W.  11.  .M.irliu  was 
adniitte<l  to  jiartnershi]),  bm  iu.l-SHSt  tlie  founder 
of  the  liriu  inirchased  his  interest  from  him. 
Se\eut\-ti\e  skilled  mechanicsare  nowemployed 
in  the  establishment.  Mr.  Lasher  was  a  mem- 
ber  of   the   old    I'-uruituie    Board  of  Trade,  and 


;:7ii 


oi.n  Ah'n  xi:w  ST.  unis. 


contimud  liis  nKiiil)irslii|i  w  Ikii,  in  1M<S.S,  il  was 
r(.-<)r<,faiii/(.(l.  In  l^^'.'l  Mv.  Laslu-v  was  elected 
president  of  llie  Iniard. 

St.  Lonis  is  now  one  of  the  tliicc  i,neat  furni- 
ture luanufactnrin!:;  cities  of  America,  and  to  Mr. 
Lasher  is  due  nincli  of  the  credit  for  forcinj^  llic 
business  of  his  choice  to  the  Iront. 

An.'VM.s,  lvi.Mi-:i<  H.,  was  l)orn  October  :i7, 
1842,  at  Ponifrel,  Windsor  county,  \'ennout. 
His  j)arents  were  Jarvis  and  luinice  (  Mitchell ) 
Adams.  He  recei\ed  a  thorouj^li  colletjiate  edu- 
cation, graduating;  from  the  Kindxill  Union 
Academy,  at  Meriden,  New  Hampshire,  in  IsCil. 
preparatory  to  entering  Yale  College,  from  which 
he  graduated  in  the  class  of  I.SU;').  He  then 
made  a  tour  of  the  Southern  Slates  as  a  corre- 
s]K)ndeul  and  agent  for  certain  wealthy  and 
philanthropic  citizens  of  -New  York  and  Phila- 
delphia, who  desired  to  contribute  to  the  educa- 
tion of  the  children  of  the  indigent  whites  in 
the  South.  In  furtherance  of  this  design,  Mr. 
Adams  inaugurated  a  svstenr  of  free  schools  in 
.\lhuUic  and  Milledge\-ille,  (icorgia,  with  the 
aid  furnished  by  the  New  York  anil  Philadel- 
phia parties,  erecting  school-houses  and  eni])lo\  - 
ing  teachers,  ])art  of  whom  were  drawn  fn}ni 
the  North  and  part  from  the  .South.  These 
schools  were  devoted  exclusively  to  the  educa- 
tion of  ])oor  white  children,  and  were  supported 
for  one  year  b\-  the  parties  rej^resented  b\-  Mr. 
Adams. 

After  spending  a  year  in  the  South,  :\Ir. 
Adams  returned  to  Vermont  and  began  reading 
law  in  the  office  of  Governor  P.  T.  Washl)urii 
and  C.  P.  Marsh,  of  Woodstock,  where  he  re- 
mained for  two  years,  except  during  one  term  at 
Harvard  College  Law  School  in  bsiW.  .After 
being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Vermont,  in  isiis, 
he  came  to  Mi.ssouri  and  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  the  same  year.  He  at  once  began  the 
practice  of  law  and  remained  alone  until  \x~rl, 
when  he  entered  into  partnership  with  Mr. 
Bradley  I).  Lee,  which  continued  until  Jaiuiarv 
1,  1879,  when  he  took  his  seat  on  the  Circuit 
Court  bench,  to  which  he  had  been  elected 
on  the    Democratic  ticket  in    Xoveniber  preced- 


ing, luuing  defeated  Judge  Ihuid  Wagner, 
ex-chief  justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Mis- 
souri. 

Judge  .\danis  ser\ed  the  full  term  of  six  years 
for  which  he  had  been  elected  and  declined  a 
re-election,  ])rcferriug  lo  return  to  the  ])raclice. 
( )n  retiring  from  the  bench  in  l.s.s.'i  he  formed 
a  pavlnershi])  with  Judge  W.  P".  15u\  le  and  Mr. 
John  I^.  ^IcKeighan,  under  the  firm  name  of 
I>o\le,  .\danrs  ,S:  McKeighan,  which  was  con- 
tinued until  January  1,  bS!l2,  wlien  it  was 
dissolved  b\'  mutual  consent,  and  Judge  .\dams 
and  l>o\le  formed  a  parlnerslii])  under  the  name 
of  Bo\le  (!\:  Adams. 

While  Judge  Adams  was  on  llu-  bench  cases 
in\ol\iug  the  enforcement  of  the  laws  for  the 
collection  of  delin<|\ienl  taxes  and  winding  up  of 
insohent  insurance  companies  came  before  him 
for  adjudication.  He  held  those  laws  to  be  x'alid 
and  established  a  precedent  for  their  enforce- 
ment. The  principles  of  law  involved  in  these 
cases  were  new  and  unsettled  when  brought 
l)efore  liim. 

.Since  he  retired  from  the  bench.  Judge  .Adams 
has  been  employed  as  counsel  in  many  of  the 
most  important  cases  that  have  come  before  the 
courts  in  this  State,  among  which  we  might 
mention  his  connection  as  attorne\'  for  the 
recei\er  of  the  Provident  Savings  P>auk,  as  one 
of  the  attorne\s  of  the  Laclede  (ias  Comjiany 
in  its  imi)ortant  litigation  with  the  cit\',  and  has 
represented  several  corporations  in  opposing  the 
anti-trust  law  enacted  by  the  Legislature  in 
\^'^\\  the  most  notable  of  which  was  the  defense 
of  the  .Simmons  Hardware  Com])an\-  in  the  suit 
brought  by  the  State  to  forfeit  the  charter  of 
that  corporation  for  an  alleged  violation  of  the 
act  of  ISMJI.  He  is  also  attoruev  forthe  Lindell 
Railwa\'  Company. 

Judge  .\dams  is  a  thorough  lawyer  and  iloes 
not  permit  anything  to  divert  him  from  his  pro- 
fession. As  a  judge  on  the  bench  lie  was  a 
model  of  courtesy  to  the  l)ar,  and  his  decisions 
and  rulings  were  marked  by  that  strong  sense 
of  justice  and  clear  perception  of  right  which 
characterizeil  in  e\ery  age  the  well-trained 
law\-er  and  the  profound   jurist. 


BIOi.RAlUlICAL  APPENDIX. 


!71 


nienced  to  practice  medicine  in  St.  Lonis,  and 
in  the  year  ISilO  was  aj^pointed  attending  pli\- 
siciau  to  tlie  medical  de]>artment  of  the  Alexian 
Brothers'  Hospital.  Doctor  Stoffel  is  a  kind  and 
able  physician;  and  by  giving  every  case  which 
is  brought  under  his  notice  his  most  careful 
attention,  he  has  succeeded  in  getting  a  large 
and  ])aying  practice. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  St.  I^ouis  .Medical  Soci- 

Stokfki.,  Rk.mv  Jo.ski'H,  M.I).,  son  of  Rem\-      ety,  the  Mis.souri  State  Medical  As.sociation,  and 

and  .\delaide  (  Marys)  vStoffel,  was  born  in  Paris,      the  American  ^Medical    Association.      He  is  also 


During  the  summer  of  l.S,s;5  Jiulge  .\dams 
spent  his  \acation  in  Europe,  returning  in  ( )c- 
tober  to  resume  his  official  duties.  He  \-isited 
mau\  ])laces  of  historic  interest  and  came  back 
benefited  in  every  way  by  his  trip. 

Judge  .\dams  was  married  Se])tember  In,  ISTO, 
to  .Miss  I'innua  Richmond,  of  Woodstock,  \'er- 
niont. 


1'" ranee,  December  1 , 
1N.")().  His  ])areuts 
came  to  this  couutr^■ 
when  he  was  an  in- 
fant, lea\-iug  him  in 
care  of  his  grand- 
niolher  in  Paris;  and 
his  father  was  in  bus- 
iness in  this  city  as 
a  wall  paper  and  car- 
pel mere  h  a  n  t  be- 
tween the  \'ears  of 
IS,"),",  and    1S7S. 

In  JSCd,  when  he 
was  nine  years  of 
age,  \-o>ing  Rem\- 
came  to  this  couutr\- 
and  attended  school 
at  the  l'",lliiit  (  now 
the  h'.ads  )  .School. 
Ileremaiued  here  for 
si.K  years,  acquiring 
a  sound  education, 
and  on   reaching  his 


a  prominent  member 
of  nearly  all  of  the 
bene\iilenland  bene- 
ficiary orders. 

In   the  year    isso 
Doctor  Stoffel   mar- 
ried   Miss    Mar\'    I",, 
(ireen,  of   this  city, 
a  lady  who  has  been 
identified    with    the 
public    schools    and 
has  attained  a  very 
high  reputation  as  a 
teacher,  her  last  and 
best   work    l)eiug   at 
Humboldt  vS  c  hool. 
Their  family  at  pres- 
ent   consists  of  two 
girls  and  two  boys, 
who,  fortunateh,  in- 
herit the  abilit\-  and 
iudustryof  both  their 
parents,  and  are  mak- 
ing rapid    progress. 
Ti;Kkv,  John  H. — The  real  estate  men  of  St. 
Louis   stand   high    as   a  class,   both   ])ecan.se  of 
their    energy   and    responsibility,    and    there  is 
none  among  them  better  known  or   UKue  gener- 
for  a  \ear,  and  for  another  year  at  Sparta,      ally  respected   than  John    H.  Terry,  of  the  tirni 

after  which  lu-  returned  to  St.  Louis,  and  select-      of  Terry,  .Scott  ,S:  Company,   doing  business  at 

ini:;    medicine     ,is    a    profession    stmlied     under      t>2."!  Chestinit  street. 


Dk.    k.    .1.    ST0I-F"K1,. 


niajoritx  went  to  .St.  \'incenl's  College  at  Cape 
("lirardeau,  Missouri,  where  he  gradiuited  in  the 
connuercial  deixirtment  after  two  and  a  half 
years'  stuih'.  He  then  tauiihl  school  at  I'*.\ans- 
ville 


Doctor    Pooth,  of   Rellexille,  and    I)octi>r  Ilodg- 
ens,  of  this  citw 

In  1.S77  he  entered  the  .St.  Li>ni>  Medical 
College,  where  he  graduated  in  ISSO,  obtaining 
his    di])loma    with    Ikuuhs.      He  at    once   com- 


Mr.  Terry  was  born  in  a  farm-hon.se  in  Seneca 
county.  New  York,  in  the  year  1H;57.  In  him 
is  combined  both  the  blood  of  the  linglish  and 
Irish,  a  combination  that  makes  the  strongest 
and  most  energetic  men  of  the  Caucasian  race. 


372 


OLD  Axn  xr.w  sr.  i.oris. 


His  fallier,  W.  James  Terry,  was  of  Irisli  de- 
scent, and  was  reared  on  Lonjj  Island.  Mrs. 
Terry  was  of  a  good  old  English  family,  but 
was  born  in  Xew  York.  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  Terry 
were  llie  parents  of  a  family  of  ten  children,  of 
whom  the  snbject  of  this  sketch  was  the 
eighth. 

Like  most  men  who  have  sncceeded,  yonng 
John  was  tanght  the  lesson  of  in<lnstry  and  self- 
reliance  by  hard  work.  While  a  l)oy  he  worked 
on  his  father's  farm,  and  attended  the  di.strict 
school  in  the  winter.  Xew  York  has  always 
been  blessed  with  good  public  schools,  and  at 
the  age  of  I  went  \  the  >onng  man  was  possessed 
of  a  good  common  school  edncation.  At  this 
time  the  qnestion  of  his  vocation  in  life  came 
np.  His  father  tried  to  indnce  him  to  follow  in 
his  own  footsteps  and  become  a  farmer,  l)nt  the 
boy  was  ainl)itions  and  determined  to  embark  in 
a  professional  career,  his  heart  being  set  on  be- 
coming a  lawyer. 

In  l'S.');i  his  father  died,  and  a  >ear  afterward 
the  yonng  man  entered  the  Albany  Law  School, 
having  already  taken  preliminary  conrses  at 
Trnniansl)urg  and  Ithica  academies.  He  had 
not  snfHcient  money  to  complete  his  legal  edn- 
cation, and  was  compelled  to  work  several 
honrs  each  day  to  ])ay  expenses.  \Vhene\er  a 
yonng  man  is  compelled  to  pay  for  his  own  edn- 
cation b>-  hard  work,  he  shows  he  is  made  of  the 
metal  of  which  snccess  is  coined.  In  l.siU  ^Ir. 
Terry  graduated  with  honor,  and  returning  to 
Ithica,  entered  the  law  office  of  Boardman  &. 
Finch,  then  the  leading  practitioners  of  that 
section  of  the  State. 

Scarcely  had  he  gotten  fairly  started  on  his 
legal  career  when  the  war  broke  out.  Being 
always  a  man  with  a  high  sense  of  honor  and 
duty,  he  could  not  remain  at  home  when  his 
country  needed  him,  and  actuated  bythe.se  noble 
impulses  he  enlisted  as  a  private  on  August  17, 
18(52,  in  Company  I),  One  Hundred  and  Thirty- 
seventh  Regiment,  Xew  York  Volunteers.  He 
did  untiring  work  in  raising  this  companv  at  his 
old  home  in  New  York,  and  when  he  had  finally 
succeeded,  his  companions  inarms,  recognizing 
his  evident    courage  and  ability,  rewarded  his 


good  work  b\' electing  him  captain,  his  commis- 
sion being  dated  .\ugust  "i^*,  IXii:^.  The  com- 
])au\  was  uuistcrcd  iiiln  the  I'liiltd  States  serx'ice 
vSejjtember  21),  l.S(i2,  the  regiment  being  a  jKirt 
of  the  Third  Brigade  of  the  Second  Division  of 
the  Twelfth  Corps,  .A.rmy  of  the  Potomac,  com- 
manded b\-  (ieneral  Henrv  .Slocnni.  Cajitain 
Terr\-  made  a  bra\e  soldier  and  an  officer  that 
all  his  men  loved  and  trusted  on  every  occa- 
sion where  danger  threatened.  He  served 
through  all  the  campaigns  of  the  .\rni\-  of  the 
Potomac,  participating,  among  others,  in  the 
battles  of  P'redericksburg,  Winchester  and  Chan- 
cellor\'ille.  On  the  third  day  of  the  last-named 
battle  he  was  severely  wounded  and  carried  off 
the  field.  Owing  to  this  wound  and  incidental 
ill  health,  he  was  compelled  to  resign  his  com- 
mission and  retire  from  the  arnn  tlie  June 
following. 

.Vfter  the  war  he  spent  some  linie  at  his  old 
home  in  Xew  York  vState,  and  likewise  li\ed 
for  a  time  at  Washington,  I).  C.  .Seeking  an 
o])])ortunity  for  an  opening,  none  t)ffering  in  the 
ICast,  he  concluded  to  try  the  West,  just  then 
beginning  the  woudcrful  growth  inauguratefl 
by  the  change  and  upheaval  caused  by  the  war. 
Starting  on  a  tour  of  the  West,  he  stop])ed  at 
Ravenna,  ()hio,  long  enough  to  review  and 
polish  u])  his  legal  learning,  which  had  become 
rust\'  through  his  }'ears  of  military  serx'ice. 

In  the  sunnner  of  IXH.")  Mr.  Terry  arrived  in 
vSt.  Louis,  full  of  liDjie  and  ambition,  but  with- 
out a  friend  or  acquaintance  in  the  cit>',  and 
with  but  thirty  dollars  in  his  pocket.  However, 
he  was  in  no  wa\-  discouraged  and  set  bravely 
to  work  to  begin  building  the  fabric  of  his  fort- 
une. That  winter  he  delivered  a  course  of 
lectures  before  the  students  of  Bryant  &  Strat- 
ton's  Commercial  College,  and  later  for  some 
time  acted  as  assistant  United  States  attorney 
under  Charles  G.  Mauro,  finalh-  forming  the 
law  partnership  of  Terry  &  Terry.  It  will  thus 
be  seen  that  he  w^as  not  long  in  making  hisjier- 
sonalit)-  felt  as  a  force  in  the  communit\-,  which 
fact  is  further  emphasized  by  the  fact  that  in 
1)S().S,  or  three  \'ears  after  his  coming  to  St. 
Louis,  he  was  elected  to  the  Twenlx-fiftli  (ien- 


# 


/ 


\ 


^,. 


-^ 


-I^tyy 


BIOGRA PHICA L  APPEXDIX. 


373 


eral  Asseinl)ly  on  the  Democratic  ticket.  Diu- 
iiiij  tlie  session  he  was  one  of  the  leaders  of  the 
Ildusf  and  liis  ability  began  to  attract  attention. 
In  I'^^TI  lie  was  aj)pointed  land  connnissioner,  a 
judicial  jxjsilion  of  ini])ortance  at  that  time  in 
St.  Louis,  and  the  affairs  of  which  ofhce  he  ably 
administered. 

In  X'^'i  \  he  was  again  sent  to  the  Legislatnre, 
but  this  lime  to  the  Senate.  His  ability  was 
recognized  by  the  Senate  as  l)y  the  Honse,  and 
lie  was  gi\'en  a  place  on  se\'eral  of  the  most  im- 
portant committees,  such  as  the  committees  of 
accounts,  wavs  and  means  and  criminal  jnris- 
])rndence,  and  was  chairman  of  wa\s  and  means 
and  a  mendjer  of  swamp  lands,  the  blind  asylum 
and  the  insane  committees.  During  the  session 
he  accom])lished  a  vast  amount  of  work.  Ciifted 
with  fiircibk-  elo(|uence,  a  logical  mind  and  rare 
personal  magnetism,  he  won  the  respect  and 
esteem  of  his  colleagues  at  once,  and  was  recog- 
nized as  one  of  the  most  influential  men  of  the 
l)iiil\.  During  his  lernrs  in  the  Legislature  he 
coneei\ed  and  succeeded  in  luuing  passed  the 
law  go\erning  the  condemnation  of  property  in 
St.  Louis,  and  the  ])reseul  insurance  law  (.)f  the 
State. 

At  the  end  cif  his  term  as  senator  he  returned 
to  St.  Liiuis,  where  he  decided  to  devote  his  en- 
tire attention  to  the  law.  Althdugh  he  was 
\er\  successful  in  his  jM'ofession  and  had  soon 
built  up  a  legal  business  that  placed  liim  among 
tlie  leading  members  of  his  jirofession,  with  that 
keen  business  sense  that  has  alwaxs  characler- 
i/.ed  him,  he  became  convinced  that  real  estate 
offered  a  more  ra])id  road  to  wealth.  .\cting 
upon  this  consiction,  he,  in  L'^Ti',  formed  a  ])art- 
nership  with  Mr.  S.  .S.  Scott,  the  lirm  name 
being  Terrs   .^v;  Scott. 

The  association  assumed  at  onee  a  position  as 
one  of  the  most  responsible  and  conservative 
real  estate  fnnis  of  the  cit\  .  During  the  activ- 
ity in  real  estate  during  the  past  decade  it  has 
extended  its  business  in  e\er\  dirt'Ction  anil  has 
been  very  prosperous.  The  hgal  knowdedge 
and  connections  forme(l  during  the  practice  of 
his  profession  i)v  Judge  'l\rrv  were  of  great  ad- 
vanta>re  to  the  real  estate  lirm,  and  manv   of  his 


old  friends  and  clients  intrusted  the  firm  with 
their  business  in  jierfect  confidence. 

It  is  to  be  expected  that  a  man  of  Jndge 
Terry's  force  and  character  wotdd  be  felt  in  the 
affairs  of  the  comnninitv'  in  which  he  lived.  He 
has  borne  a  good  share  of  local  public  work,  and 
was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Real  Estate  K.x- 
cliange,  and  its  president  during  one  term.  The 
Mercantile  Club  has  had  the  benefit  of  his  inflnence 
and  advice.  He  has  served  it  as  its  vice-])resi- 
dent  for  four  vears,  as  a  director,  and  had  also 
acted  as  chairman  of  the  honse  committee,  and 
did  much  for  the  club  in  the  earlier  days  of  its 
existence.  He  is  a  patrim  of  belles  Ic/lrcs,  and 
in  recognition  of  his  scholarship  he  now  holds 
the  presidencv  of  the  Unitarian  Club,  one  of  the 
leading  literary  clubs  of  the  city.  He  is  now 
also  jjresident  of  the  St.  I^onis  I'rojiertv  iS:  Fi- 
nancial Company,  and  is  a  member  of  several 
important  local  societies.  He  organized  and 
was  first  chancellor  of  the  I^egion  of  Hontir,  a 
verv  successful  benevolent  societv,  which  now 
has  a  mendiershi])  of  .'),()()(>. 

Mr.  Terrv's  home-life  has  vielded  him  the 
fullest  share  of  domestic  hapjMness,  and  has  been 
brightened  by  a  delightful  little  romance.  In 
1S(;,S  Judge  Terry  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth 
Todd,  daughter  of  a  well-known  St.  Lonisan, 
Hon.  .\lbert  Todd.  The  union  lasted  tvventv 
vears,  or  until  1!^!^>*,  when  Mrs.  Terrv  died. 
During  his  boyhood  ilav  s  Judge  Terrv  had 
known  and  loved  Miss  \'ashti  Boardm.ui,  who 
lived  on  a  farm  adjoining  his  father's  and  with 
whom  he  attended  the  same  district  school. 
Some  circumstance  caused  a  barrier  to  rise 
between  the  lovers,  young  Terry  came  West,  and 
Miss  \'ashti  married  ICdvvard  I'earsall.  In  IS.s.") 
Mrs.  Pearsall  was  left  a  widow.  In  LSiU  Judge 
Terry  went  East  to  visit  the  scenes  of  his  boy- 
hood (lavs,  and  while  at  his  old  home  met  Mrs. 
I'earsall:  their  love  was  renewed  and  a  verv 
prettv  romance  was  crowned  h\  orange  blos- 
soms .S(.-pt(.'niber  .">,   INIM. 

Judge  Terrv  has  four  sons  b\'  his  first  wife. 
The  two  oldest,  .\lbert  and  Robert,  graduated  at 
Cornell  Tuiversitv  in  \W2.  Robert  is  taking  a 
medic. d    (.■dneation   at    Cohnnbia    College,    Xew 


37-J 


OLD  AXn  .XIAV  ST.   LOilS. 


York,  while  Albert  is  liis  father's  able  assistant 
in  the  real  estate  hnsiness. 

Jndjje  Terrv's  career  has  been  most  honorable 
and  successfnl.  Being  one  of  the  yonn.yjer  sons 
of  a  larjjc  family  he  has  inherited  nothing-  from 
his  parents  but  a  proper  training;  and  the  virtues 
of  industry  and  honesty,  and  he  is  therefore  a 
self-made  man.  Hy  these  ciualities  he  has  forced 
himself  to  the  front. 

Nas.se,  August,  sou  of  .Vu.tjust  and  Matilda 
(Werdniann)  Nasse,  was  born  in  St.  Charles 
couutv,  Missouri,  Xovember  2i»,  l<s;57.  He  was 
educated  in  the  ])ublic  schools  of  Gasconade 
couutv,  his  parents  having  moved  when  he  was 
nine  vears  old.  In  l'S.')4  young  Nasse  came  to 
St.  Louis  and  secured  a  position  with  the  whole- 
sale dry  goods  house  of  Collins,  Kellogg  & 
Kirby.  He  attended  strictly  to  his  duties  dur- 
ing the  day,  and  being  an.xious  to  perfect  his 
education  attended  night  school  after  office 
hours.  He  remained  with  Messrs.  Collins,  Kel- 
logg &  Kirby  for  a  period  of  eight  years,  com- 
mencing as  stock  boy  and  being  promoted  by 
rapid  stages  to  the  positions  of  shipping  clerk, 
superintendent,  traveling  salesman  book-keeper 
and  cashier. 

In  the  year  bsill  Mr.  Nasse  enlisted  in  the 
Third  Missouri  Reserves,  under  General  John 
McNeil.  He  served  for  three  months  with  the 
Reserves,  and  then  entered  the  State  militia, 
in  which  he  did  active  work  until  October,  1S()4, 
when  he  was  mustered  out.  He  then  entered 
into  clerical  work  for  several  commission  houses, 
continuing  until  the  year  ISiili,  when  he  entered 
into  partnership  with  Mr.  Conrad  Fink  in  the 
wholesale  grocery  business.  The  firm  of  Fink 
&.  Nasse  is  still  in  e.xistence,  the  members  of  the 
firm  now  being  Wm.  G.  Fink,  Conrad  Fink, 
August  Nasse  and  Henry  Gildehans.  They 
carry  on  a  very  large  business  as  wholesale  gro- 
cers on  North  Main  .street,  their  establishment 
extending  from  No.  1:5  to  No.  li*.  Thev  have 
traveling  salesmen  throughout  the  entire  West, 
and  are  believed  to  do  a  larger  business  inmatches 
and  other  specialties  than  any  other  house  in  the 
West.      It   has  also  a  manufacturing  plant  and 


makes  a  luunber  of  brands  of  pure  spices,  pow- 
dered sugared  goods  and  extracts,  besides  roast- 
ing all  its  own  coffee.  It  has  about  H')()  men  in 
its  emj)lo\-  and  maintains  large  branelu-s  at 
Clinton,  Missouri,  and  Hot  Springs,  .\rkansas. 
-Mr.  Nasse  is  a  ver\'  juomineut  St.  Lo\iisau, 
and  is  one  of  the  mdueved  men  of  the  eilw  He 
is  a  member  of  the  (jernian,  Union  and  Lieder- 
kranz  clubs,  and  also  of  the  St.  Louis  Swim- 
ming vSchool,  of  which  he  is  a  director,  and  the 
Legion  of  Honor.  He  married  on  March  2(), 
l^i(>7.  Miss  Caroline  F'ink,  of  St.  Louis,  and 
has  three  sons,  August,  Albert  and  Walter. 

Ehrh.\rdt,  J.  G.,  M.I).— Dr.  F.  Ehrhardt, 
since  deceased,  a  uatix'e  of  (lermauy,  and  a 
graduate  of  the  Universil\-  of  Goettingcn,  had 
a  m(_)st  remarkable  and  successful  career  in  the 
field  of  medicine.  After  distinguishing  himself 
in  his  own  country  he  emigrated  to  .America 
and  located  in  Beardstown,  Illinois,  where  he 
soon  rose  in  his  profession,  and  at  the  time  of 
his  death  was  known  throughout  the  country  as 
one  of  the  ablest  pln'sicians  and  surgeons  in  the- 
State  of  Illinois.  In  the  fall  of  l.S4!i  he  had 
born  to  him  a  son  of  much  promise  and  whose 
career  was  then  destined  to  be  one  of  much  suc- 
cess and  prosperity  in  the  profession  of  his  father. 

Young  IChrhardt,  the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
at  a  \-ery  earh-  age  ajijilied  himself  to  ac(|uiriug 
knowledge  in  the  preliminary  studies  selected 
with  great  care  as  being  best  fitted  for  his 
successful  study  of  medicine.  After  a  most 
diligent  course  of  study  and  training  at  the 
])ublic  schools  of  his  native  town,  and  under  the 
careful  and  judicious  training  of  a  cor])s  of 
tutors,  young  Ehrhardt  began  the  study  of 
medicine  with  Dr.  F"".  E.  Baumgarten  as  his 
preceptor.  He  soon  entered  the  St.  Louis  Med- 
ical College  and  applied  himself  very  studiously 
during  three  years,  when  he  graduated  with 
highest  honors;  this  was  in  IfStiit. 

The  Doctor  immediately  left  for  the  old 
country,  with  a  view  to  completing  his  cour.se 
of  medicine,  which  he  considered  that  he  had 
oulv  just  begun,  going  to  Germany,  where  he 
entered  the   Universitv  of  Goettingeu;  here  he 


nroc.K.  iriiiCAi.  apj'uniux. 


375 


was  cxer  reminded  of  the  close  connection   he  profession,    anions^    otliers    the    renowned   \'on 

liad  to  this  old  institution   of  medical   learning;,  Graefe,  of  Berlin. 

in    that    his    father    had    i^raduated    within    its  So  thoron.sj^hly  was  he  possessed  with  the  desire 

walls    \ears    before;    this    added    nnieh    to    the  to  adopt  this  speeialtv  that  he  went  to  Knroj)e  in 

enthusiasm    and    earnestness    with     which     the  I'S.s;;,  and  there  spent  over  one  year  in  sttidying 

Doctor  a])plied  himself  to  his  course.  the  diseases  of  the  eye  and  ear  in  the  hosi)itals 

The  Doctor  also  studied  at  the  universities  of  and  clinics  of  Berlin,  Vienna,  Paris  and  London, 

Berlin     and     \'ienna,     acquirins^     mncli     useful  and  havinj^  perfected  himself  in   the  knowledge 

knowledge    and    gaining    exj^erience    irom    his  of  his  chosen  specialtx',  returned    to   St.  Louis, 


association  with  these  celebrated  institutions. 
After  three  vears  the  Doctor  returned  to  the 
scenes  of  his  child- 
hood, ami  among 
those  who  were 
once  his  playmates, 
now  grown  to  man- 
hood and  men  of 
families,  he  engaged 
in  the  general  i)rac- 
tice  of  medicine,  in 
])artnership  with  his 
father. 

The  Doctor  dur- 
ing these  years  of 
practice  developed 
so  largely  in  his 
profession  that  he 
found  the  necessity 
of  engaging  in  a 
broader  field,  and 
looking  upon  St. 
Louis  as  being  a 
ci  t  \'  of  ad  \a  n  ce- 
ment, more  progres- 
sive ideas  and  larger 

o])portuuities,  the  Doctor  became  identified  with 
this  city  ill  1S7."),  wliose  confidence  ami  estetin 
he  soon  well  merited  and  whose  patronage  he 
largeK'  acquired.  Doing  a  general  practice  of 
medicine,  the  Doctor  was  \er\-  successful  and  ha\e  awakeiuil  in  the  miinls  of  his  i)rofessional 
had  a  large  and  most  remunerative  i)ractice, when  brethren  considerable  thought,  having  from 
he  abandoned  it  to  give  his  attention  entirely  to  lime  to  time  appeared  in  the  Airliivis  of 
acciuiring  knowledge  of  the  special  treatment  of  0/>/i//iii/iiio/i>o;\\  the  Air/iii'cs  of  O/o/oj^y,  the 
the  c'\  e  and  ear,  ha\iiig  formed  an  ardent  desire  American  Journal  of  Amrricait  Sciences  2i\\(\.  the 
for  this  siKciaitN  while  attending  lectures  and  .SV.  /.ouis  C/ini</iit-.  The  Dt)Ctor  is  a  prominent 
witnessing  the  oper.itions  of  some  of  tlie  member  of  the  (ierman  St.  Louis  Medical 
greatest    then     livim'    oculists     knoAvii     to     the      Societv. 


Ok.   .1.    (i.    HHRHARDI. 


and    here   established    himself    in    a    successful 
])ractice  wliicli  has  since  grown  to  be  one  of  the 

largest  in  the  city. 
The  Doctor  soon 
became  connected 
with  the  St.  Louis 
College  of  Physi- 
cians and  Surgeons, 
being  unanimously 
elected  professor  of 
ophthalmology  and 
otology,  which  chair 
he  still  fills  with 
credit  to  himself  and 
those  around  him. 
He  has  extended  his 
field  of  usefulness  in 
accejiting  the  posi- 
tion of  consulting 
ph\sician  on  dis- 
eases of  the  eye  and 
ear  to  the  St.  Louis 
Cil\-  and  I'"emale 
hospitals,  and  lends 
his  assist  an  ce  i  n 
critical  operations 
in  the  Pius  Hospital  demanding  special  skill. 
While  the  Doctor  does  not  jjose  before  the 
medical  world  as  a  literary  man,  yet  he  has  fre- 
(jneiitK-  contributed  i)a]iers  ujion  subjects  which 


376 


OLD  AND  XEW  Sr.  LOi'IS. 


Tlie  Doctor  has  extensive  experience  in 
travelinor,  having  been  aljroad  four  times,  and 
in  IHiM)  was  a  distinguislied  nicniber  of  the 
(  )i)hllialnioloo;ical  Section  of  tlio  International 
Medical  Con.s^ress,  then  convened  in  Berlin. 

Dr.  Khrhardt  owns  a  very  elegant  home  on 
Grand  avenue,  so  popularK-  known  for  its  man\- 
handsome  residences.  The  Doctor  takes  great 
])ride  in  his  home  and  has  spared  no  expense  in 
furnishing  and  fitting  it  up  for  liis  famih',  until 
now  it  might  be  considered  one  of  the  finest 
homes  in  every  respect  in  St.  Louis. 

The  Doctor  was  married  in  1X77  to  Aliss 
Fannie  Kggers,  of  this  city  and  daiighter  of 
Mrs.  Bertha  Kggers.  Mrs.  Khrhardt  is  a  lady 
of  varied  accom])lishments,  of  unusual  brilliancy 
and  intellect  and  con\-ersational  powers  and  in 
every  way  worthy  of  the  noble  husband  whose 
name  she  bears. 

Bka.nch,  Josi'.i'ii  W'.,  son  of  Richard  and 
Sarah  Branch,  members  of  well-known  Knglish 
families,  was  born  at  Rotherham,  Kngland,  in 
the  year  1S2().  His  birthplace  has  been  im- 
mortalized by  Sir  Walter  Scott  in  tlie  first 
chapter  of  "Ivanhoe,""  and  is  one  of  the  prettiest 
and  most  romantic  districts  of  Kngland.  He 
was  a  somewhat  delicate  child  and  was  unable 
to  stand  the  rough  usage  of  public  school  life, 
and  in  consequence  of  this  he  was  educated  at 
home  by  his  mother.  Mrs.  Branch  was  a  ver\- 
talented  lad\-,  and  her  scm's  education  was  in 
consequence  very  thorough,  and  quite  as  good 
as  he  could  have  obtained  had  he  attended 
school  at  an  early  age.  In  addition  to  this  he 
learned  from  his  parents  lessons  in  integrit\-  and 
zeal  which  have  resulted  in  bringing  him  to  the 
front  as  one  of  the  leading  men  of  St.  Louis  and 
Missouri. 

He  spent  much  of  his  spare  time  in  his 
father's  factory  at  Rotherham,  and  when  he 
expres.sed  a  desire  to  enter  the  counting  house 
or  office  of  the  Olobe  Works,  at  Sheffield,  his 
jiarents  consented  rather  as  an  experiment  than 
otherwi.se.  Strange  to  say,  the  comparatively 
hard  work  of  the  office  proved  exceedingly  bene- 
ficial to  him,  anil   he  soon  outgrew  the  feeble- 


ness of  his  youth.  When  only  eighteen  years 
of  age  he  had  been  in  charge  for  a  year  of 
several  of  the  most  imjjortant  departments  o{  the 
extensi\-e  (ilobe  Works.  The  ])r(i]n'iel()rs  of  the 
concern  had  already  established  works  in  Amer- 
ica, and  not  being  satisfied  with  the  results,  thev 
selected  young  Mr.  Branch  as  the  most  suitable 
man  to  cross  the  Atlantic  and  establish  their 
.\merican  house  on  a  firm  footing.  The  under- 
taking was  a  serious  one  for  so  young  a  man, 
but  .Mr.  Branch  undertook  it  willingly  and  with 
a  determination  to  succeed.  fufortunately, 
however,  the  co-operation  from  the  heads  of  the 
departments  was  not  forthcoming.  They  were, 
for  the  nujst  part,  several  \'ears  older  than  the 
young  manager,  and  after  two  \ears  Mr.  Branch 
found  it  impossible  to  secure  their  assistance  in 
the  work  he  had  majjped  out,  and  he  accord- 
ingly resigned,  nuicli  to  the  regret  of  his  priuci- 
jkUs  in  Kngland. 

Mr.  Branch,  Sr.,  advy^ed  his  son  to  take  ad- 
vantage of  his  opportnnit\-  and  travel  over  the 
continent.  Accordingh ,  in  1H4)S,  he  traveled 
through  Mexico,  a  serious  undertaking  at  that 
time.  The  country  was  in  a  condition  border- 
ing on  anarchy,  but  \-oung  Mr.  liranch,  at  this 
time  twenty-two  years  of  age,  organized  a  partv 
of  sixteen  and  rode  on  horseliack  from  \'era 
Cruz  to  Mazatlan  on  the  Pacific  Coast.  In  IS  III 
he  went  to  San  Krancisco  and  visited  the  newly- 
opened  mines,  and  later  in  the  same  year  he 
commenced  the  return  journe\-  eastward,  but 
only  got  as  far  as  St.  Louis.  It  did  not  take  a 
young  man  of  his  discernment  long  to  see  what 
a  splendid  opening  there  was  for  business  in 
St.  Louis,  and  he  purchased  on  favorable  terms 
the  St.  Louis  Saw  Works  from  Messrs.  Childs, 
Pratt  (S:  Comj)anv,  who  had  recently  introduced 
the  business  into  this  citv. 

Mr.  Branch  traveled  for  three  or  four  \ears 
more,  but  in  ISaii  finally  settled  in  this  city, 
and  for  the  last  forty  years  he  has  been  one  of 
its  best  respected  citizens.  He  organized  the 
firm  of  Branch,  Crookes  &  Frost,  and  on  Mr. 
1-^rost's  retirement  in  l<'sr)7,  the  name  of  the  firm 
was  changed  to  Branch,  Crookes  &  Com])any, 
Mr.  Branch's  jiartner  being  his   brother-in-law. 


lUOGRAPinCAL  APPENDIX. 


37 


Mr.  J()se])li  Crookes.  In  I^^Ti'  Mi'.  liraiicli  pur- 
cliascd  tlie  interest  of  his  ])artiK-r  and  l)eraiiK- 
sole  proprietor,  thou_i);li  lu-  did  not  make  an\- 
change  in  the  firm  name.  In  I'S.sii  the  1)nsiness 
was  incorporated  under  the  name  of  tlie  Hrancli- 
Crookes  vSaw  Coni])an\  ,  with  Mr.  liranch  as 
])resident. 

Dnrint^  tlie  forty  years  of  Mr.  Branch's  acti\e 
connection  with  the  concern,  it  has  steadily  in- 
creased in  importance.  The  excellence  of  the 
output  has  won  for  it  an  excellent  leputation 
ihron^hont  the  entire  country,  and  to-day  it 
stands  unexcelled  and  bareh'  equalled  1)\  an\- 
other  house  in  the  I'nited  States.  Although 
-Mr.  Jiranch  has  devoted  the  best  years  of  his 
life  to  the  development  of  the  firm,  he  has  not 
been  allowed  to  escape  public  dut\\  He  has 
filled  the  jiosition  of  president  of  the  Illinois  i.\; 
vSt.  Louis  Railroad  and  of  the  Madison  Count\ 
Ferrv  Companx  with  great  abilitv,  and  his  efforts 
oil  behalf  of  the  Mechanics'  Bank  helped  ma- 
terially to  build  up  that  enterprise. 

He  has  always  been  anxious  to  assist  people 
in  distress,  and  as  ])resideiit  of  the  .St.  (George's 
.Societ\'  he  has  assisted  hiiiidreds  of  deserving 
immigrants.  He  has  taken  a  great  interest  in 
.St.  I.uke's  Hospital,  and  his  gifts  have  been 
exceedingly  numerous  and  costly.  He  has  also 
done  a  large  amount  of  active  work  in  the 
Knights  of  Honor  Societ\',  which  was  not  in  a 
\-er\-  lloiirisliiiig  condition  in  Missouri  when  he 
was  made  chief  ofilcer  for  the  State.  I'nder  his 
iiianageiiieiil  he  speedily  established  it  on  a  very 
firm  footing,  and  its  financial  stabilit\-  to-day  is 
largely  the  result  of  his  effort. 

He  is  also  intimateK-  connected  with  the  Le- 
gion of  Honor.  .Mr.  Branch  is  an  l*'pisco|ialian, 
with  a  leaning  towards  the  Broad  church.  lie 
is  a  ]iractical  Christian,  and  when  senior  war- 
den of  St.  (leorge's  Church  has  kept  his  check- 
book constautK-  at  the  disposal  of  tliat  iustitn- 
lion.  At  one  lime  in  the  hisiorv  of  St.  (ieorge's 
Church  it  was  in  debt  to  the  extent  of  .S(i(t,(H)(), 
when  Mr.  Branch  and  Mr.  ICdwin  Harrison  set 
to  work  to  gi-t  rid  ol  this  iiu-nmbiaiiee,  llu-si- 
l\\i>  geiillemeu  alone  contributing  more  than 
half   the    sum.       He    has    also    contributed    ver\ 


heavih-    to    the    exchec|uer    of    ('.race    Church. 

.Mr.  Branch  is  inde])endent  in  politics.  Dur- 
ing the  war  he  supported  the  Union  cause,  but 
was  not  so  bitter  as  his  fellow  I'nionists,  and 
fa\-ored  the  settlement  of  the  dispute  without 
recourse  to  further  fighting.  His  charity  towards 
the  Confederate  sufferers  was  marked,  and 
although  b\-  no  means  a  trimmer,  Mr.  Branch's 
manly  conduct  won  him  the  respect  and  love  of 
both  sides  in  the  ci\il  war. 

He  married  in  I'^.'iT  .Miss  .Viinie  Clark, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Matthew  Clark,  a  wealthy 
farmer  of  Cusworth,  Yorkshire,  Kngland.  The 
\ouiig  people  were  brought  up  in  the  same 
neighborhood,  and  when  he  came  to  .\merica, 
correspondence  was  conlinued  between  the  two 
with  a  result  of  marriage  which  has  jiroN'ed  of 
the  happiest  character.  Mrs.  Branch  is  her 
husband's  lieutenant  in  all  works  of  charitv, 
and  she  has  educated  her  three  sons  and  four 
daughters  in  a  \ery  able  and  hearty  manner. 
The  oldest  son,  ;\Ir.  Joseph  Clark  Branch,  is 
secretary  of  the  Braucli-Crookes  Saw  Company, 
and  resides  at  iUt.'i.")  Sherman  ]ilace.  .\  \'ounger 
.son,  Richard  C.,  is  also  connected  with  the 
company. 

Kdhnborx,  Wiij.i.^m,  president  of  the  Con- 
solidated Steel  and  Wire  C<mipany,  has  the 
satisfaction  of  knowingth.il  llic  position  he  now 
occupies  as  one  of  the  most  prominent  members 
of  the  mamifacturing  coniniunit\'  of  St.  Louis  is 
entirel\-  the  result  of  his  unaided  exertions.  He 
is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  .Vutoinette  (Hessmer) 
Kdeiiborn,  both  natives  of  (iermanx',  and  he  was 
born  ill  Westiilialia,  on  March  20,  1.S4.S.  His 
])areuts  placed  him  in  a  ])rivate  school  near  his 
home.  Here  he  remained  until  he  was  twelve 
\eais  of  age,  when  they  l)otli  died,  and  he  found 
himself  when  a  mere  school-boy  dependent  upon 
his  own  exertions  for  a  livelihood,  as  well  as  for 
means  for  completing  his  education.  .Much  too 
inde])en(lent  to  solicit  assistance  from  relati\'es 
or  friends,  he  looked  around  and  found  a  jiosition 
in  a  wire  factor),  when.-  he  remained  until 
eiglileeii  \ears  of  age. 

He  then  came  to  .\mcrica,   arriviii";  in    Pitts- 


37.S 


OLD  AND  NE  W  S  T.   I.Ol  VS. 


bur,y;li  just  at  the  close  of  the  war.  His  iiUiiiiatc 
aciiiiaiiilaiicc  with  the  details  of  wire-work  eii- 
alileil  him  to  find  a  position  in  a  wire  factory  in 
that  citv  withonl  (lilTicnlty,  and  lie  rtMnained  in 
it  for  two  vears.  Then,  impressed  with  the 
growint;  importance  of  the  West,  he  came  to 
St.  Louis,  in  which  city  he  has  made  his  home 
for  a  little  over  a  quarter  of  a  century.  His 
first  ])osition  here  was  with  the  St.  Louis  Stamp- 
ing; Company,  but  he  was  all  the  time  impressed 
with  the  need  of  a  wire  mill  in  .St.  Louis,  and 
about  the  year  LSI!!'  he  started  a  mill  of  that 
kind  with  Mr.  F.  .M.  Ludlow.  In  this  mill  he 
drew  the  first  piece  of  wire  ever  made  in  the 
West. 

Reco<;uizin<^  the  necessity  of  a  sound  business 
trainin_s^  before  attempting  to  go  into  business 
himself,  he  took  a  ct)urse  of  study  at  Jones' 
Commercial  College,  and  ha\-ing  done  that, 
secured  a  position  in  an  humble  capacit}-  with 
the  Ludlow-Saylor  Wire  Company.  He  was 
entirely  too  useful  a  man  t<.)  be  kept  long  at 
manual  labor  and  he  was  speedily  promoted  to 
the  position  of  salesman  in  which  he  dis])layed 
marked  ability  and   e\ery  attribute   for  success. 

His  next  advancement  consisted  in  becoming 
a  partner  in  the  firm  which  Mr.  O.  P.  Saylor 
and  he  established  for  the  pur])ose  of  producing 
wire.  The  outlook  was  lirilliant  in  the  extreme, 
but  misfortune  interfered  with  Mr.  Edenboru's 
plans,  for  within  sixty  days  the  mill  was  burned 
down  and  a  total  loss  incurred.  During  the 
next  year  .Mr.  Kdenboru  made  wire  loops  for 
a  beer  bottling  and  soda  water  manufactory;  but 
he  did  not  abandon  the  idea  of  placing  a  wire 
mill  on  a  successful  basis  in  this  citv,  and  asso- 
ciating himself  with  ^lessrs.  O.  P.  Saylor  and 
D.  C.  Wright,  lie  established  the  St.  Louis  Wire 
Mills.  Two  and  a  half  years  later  he  bought 
out  his  partners,  and  a.ssociating  himself  with 
Mr.  T.  W.  Fitch,  he  constructed  the  mill  now 
standing  on  Twenty-first  and  Papin  streets, 
extending  clear  through  to  Gratiot. 

The  greatest  possible  success  attended  the 
operations  of  this  enterprise,  which,  in  lSS-2, 
was  incorporated  as  the  St.  Louis  Wire  Mill 
Company.      In    l^'S")   Mr.    Edenboru  started  the 


liraddock  Wire  Company,  nf  Pittsburgh,  and 
ac([nired  an  interest  in  the  biwa  IJarbcd  Wire 
Com])au\  ,  (if  Alleulowu,  Prnusy ]\auia,  and 
Xew  York  Citw  The  com])auy  also  ac(|uired 
the  Lambert  .S:  Pdshop  Wire  b'cuce  Company, 
of  Jolict,  Illinois,  and  the  Haker  Wire  Cou)- 
])an\-,  of  Chicago  .and  Lockport,  Illinois.  It 
thus  had  a  consolidated  business,  consisting  of 
five  establishments,  founded  in  LSii!!,  1.S7S  and 
1<S<'<4,  and  when  in  ISi):^  the  company  was  re- 
organized and  incorporated  under  the  name  of 
the  Consolidated  Steel  Wire  Company,  with  a 
paid  capital  of  $4, 000, 000,  it  had  a  cajjacity  of 
.')()(), 000  tons  a  year. 

The  officers  of  the  company  are  William 
Kdenboru,  president;  ^Ir.  John  Lambert,  vice- 
]nesident;  Mr.  Alfred  Clifford,  treasurer;  Mr. 
I'.  I-",.  Patterson,  secretary  ;  and  .Mr.  J  .  W.  (  kites, 
general  uuiuager.  The  company  makes  a  S])e- 
ciall\'  (it  wire  rods,  plain  wire,  barbed  wire  and 
wire  nails,  and  also  of  the  "Haker  Perfect" 
barbed  \\\]\\  for  which  there  is  a  never-failing 
demand.  Its  o])erations  are  so  extensi\-e  that 
it  keeps  resident  managers  in  charge  of  offices 
in  Chicago,  .St.  Louis,  Pittsburgh,  Xew  Orleans, 
New  "York  City  and  San  Francisco,  and  its  rep- 
utation is  so  high  that  it  is  always  called  upon 
in  an  emergenc\'  when  large  orders  have  to  be 
executed    without   delay. 

Mr.  Ivlenborn  has  shown  great  iu\eutive 
genius,  ha\'iug  secured  more  than  tweh'e  \'al- 
uable  patents  on  wire-working  machinery  whicdi 
are  now  in  general  use  in  botb  this  countr\-  and 
Europe.  In  addition  to  his  wire-working  con- 
nection, Mr.  Edenboru  is  president  of  the  South- 
ern I<and  and  Mining  Compau)-,  as  well  as  a  di- 
rector in  the  vSt.  Louis  Iron  and  Machine  Works 
and  the  .Superior  Press  Brick  Company.  He 
also  owns  a  large  ([uantity  of  undeveloped  coal 
and  farming  land  in  the  Missouri  Valley,  South- 
ern Missouri  and  Arkau.sas,  and  he  has  also 
made  \erv  extensive  experiments  in  fruit  farm- 
ing, having  now  over  two  hundred  acres  i)lante(l 
with  i)ecaus,  with  a  view  to  determining  the 
]iossibilities  of  profitable  pecan  cidtnre. 

Mr.  FMenborn  married  in  October,  IST'i,  Miss 
Sarah  Drain,  of  St.  Louis.    Mr.  and  Mrs.  Eden- 


nn n.RAPiiiCAL  appi-inpix. 


37!l 


l)oni  liave  two  children,  Ixith  dauj^hters,  and 
the  family  reside  in  an  eleo;ant  residence  at 
2017  Park  a\enne.  Altlionj^li  quite  a  family 
man,  Mr.  Edenborn  is  a  member  of  the  Mer- 
cantile, I'nion  and  Jockey  clubs,  as  well  as 
of  the  Merchants'  Exchange.  He  is  not  a 
seeker  after  notoriety,  nor  is  he  an  acti\'e  poli- 
tician. 

TuoMi'.sox,  (/.KORCK  Howard,  was  born  I'-eb- 
ruar\-  "i,  1S()2,  at  .Mem])his,  Tennessee,  under 
the  s  li  ot-scarred 
walls  of  Fort  Pick- 
ering;. He  came  to 
vSt.  Louis  with  his 
famil\-  in  b'^71.  His 
mot  he  r '  s  ma  id  en 
name  was  Luc\  Au- 
<justa  Jennison,  and 
his  father,  Judije 
Se\niour  l)\vii;ht 
Thom])son,  has  a 
world-wide  reputa- 
tion as  a  jurist  and 
as  a  profound  writer 
on  law,  l)einjr  the 
author  of  numerous 
books  which  are  rec- 
oijuized  everywhere 
as  .authorities. 

The  Doctor  was 
educated  in  the  ]iub- 
lic  schools  of  .St. 
Louis,  the  Upper 
Iowa  Tniversity  and 

the  Missouri  State  Unixersity.  He  determined 
to  adopt  medicine  as  a  ]>rofession  instead  of  fol- 
lowiiii;  in  the  footsteps  of  iiis  father,  "because," 
as  he  says,  "  I  ne\er  expected  to  ecpial  him  in 
the  l.iw,  and  wished  to  avoid  all  contrast  with 
him."  Ik',  therefore,  took  his  dej^ree  as  .M.D. 
from  the  Missouri  Medical  Collc.ije,  went  to 
Xew  York  and  j^raduated  at  Picllevuc  Hospital 
Colles^e,  and  in  is.sii  trawled  to  Enro])e  and 
studied  in  the  hospitals  and  colles^a's  of  Jena, 
l.eili/ii^,   lierliu  and   I)ri-sdeu. 

He  reached  liome   a>'aiu   in    Xovember,   ISill 


the  jiossessor  of  a  scholastic  equipment  second 
to  that  of  no  youn<^  ])h\sician  in  St.  Louis. 
Soon  after  his  return  he  accepted  the  chair  of 
materia  medica  and  therapeutics  in  the  Collcjje 
of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  and  in  February, 
b^^I'f,  he  was  made  secretary  of  the  faculty 
and  board  of  trustees  of  the  college.  Dr.  Thi)mp- 
son  is  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  .Medical  So- 
ciety and  an  officer  of  the  Knights  of  P)thias. 

In  ])olitics  he  is  a  Republican,  although  he  is 
too  dee])ly  interested  in  medicine  to  give  polit- 
ical affairs  practical 
attention.  While 
attending  college  at 
Leipzig,  (iermany, 
he  met  Miss  Pauline 
Adelaide  Gebhard, 
the  descendant  of  a 
very  old  and  distin- 
guished family  of 
the  fatherland.  The 
meeting  ended  in 
mutual  love,  and 
when  the  young  man 
left  C.ermany  he  car- 
ried the  lady's  prom- 
ise to  be  his  wife. 
The  wedding  took 
place  April -20,  lSii2, 
at  the  residence  of 
the  bride's  l>rotlier, 
in  Brooklyn,  Xew 
York.  One  child  has 
been  born  to  them. 
Dr.  Thompson  is 
a  scholar  and  a  gentleman,  and  his  prospects 
to  attain  a  success  in  medicine  ecpial  to  that  of 
his  father  in  law  are  \ery  jiromising. 

\Yi:iini-;r,  Cm.VRI.K.'^  F!..  jnesident  of  the  Weh- 
ner  Coal  Comi)any,  has  by  his  own  efforts 
solel\"  raised  himself  to  a  position  of  influence 
and  moderate  wealth  in  the  cit\  which  he  has 
adopted  as  his  Iiome.  He  was  born  Xo\ember 
\'\  ISfS,  in  the  town  of  \'erden.  Kingdom  of 
Ilauo\er,  (rermanw  His  mother's  name  before 
marriage   was   Dorothea   Loeberring,    while   liis 


DR.   (inokdi;    MOW  \rii    riioAU'.soN. 


380 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.  LOUIS. 


father,  Heiir\-  Wehiier,  was  a  man  of  staiuling 
in  liis  native  land,  l)einij  (liiiin<j  the  youth  of 
Cliarles  a  quartermaster  in  the  Prussian  arnu'. 
This  office  he  resijjned  in  is.').')  and  was  iinnie- 
diatelv'  promoted  to  the  position  of  enjjjineer  of 
construction.  This  was  a  very  high  and  respon- 
sible position,  and  in  this  capacity  Henry  Weh- 
ner  built  the  Loehne-Rliein  railroad,  which  from 
a  militar\'  ])oint  of  view  is  one  of  the  most  im- 
portant roads  of  (iermau) . 

When  six  \ears  of  a_iie  Charles  went  to  a  school 
which  was  located  in  the  town  of  I^uende,  West- 
phalia, Prussia.  At  twelve  he  entered  an  acad- 
emy, where  he  pursued  his  studies  for  two  years, 
being  farther  ads-anced  at  the  end  of  that  time 
than  are  many  American  bo\s  who  ha\e  sjient 
three  years  in  college. 

His  education  thus  ct)mpleled,  he  returned  to 
his  old  home  at  \'erden  to  look  about  him  for  a 
means  of  earning  his  own  living.  The  oid\- 
chance  that  offered  was  in  connection  with  the 
large  dry  goods  house  of  C.  K.  Wendte,  tn  whom 
his  parents  finally  apprenticed  him.  Boys  now- 
adays, who  are  compelled  to  work  for  nominal 
wages  while  learning  a  trade,  consider  their  lot 
a  peculiarly  hard  one,  but  if  tlie\-  had  to  serve 
as  did  young  Wehncr,  they  would  have  real 
cause  for  complaint.  An  iron-clad  bond  was 
entered  into  wliich  bound  the  apprentice  to  ev- 
erything aiul  the  employer  to  very  little.  Under 
this  agreement  the  apprentice  had  to  work  for 
the  firm  for  a  term  of  five  years.  Not  only  was 
he  to  serve  for  this  length  of  time,  but  he  was 
to  receive  no  remuneration  whatever,  and  instead 
was  to  pay  the  firm  .^.')()  iu  gold  each  year  for 
the  fidl  term  of  fi\-e  years. 

During  his  apprenticeship  he  was  compelled 
to  work  thirteen  hours  a  day  every  day  in  the 
week,  including  Sunday,  excepting  every  fourth 
Sunday,  on  which  his  employers,  l)y  a  stretch  of 
magnanimity,  allowed  him  a  half  holiday.  To 
work  like  this  and  then  i)ay  for  the  privilege  of 
so  doing,  would  discourage  any  bov  less  stout- 
hearted than  ynuug  Wehner,  but  he  was  natur- 
ally possessed  of  a  mind  quick  to  grasp  things, 
and  he  learned  the  dry  goods  business  thor- 
oughly. 


.\.t  the  end  of  his  term  of  ser\ice,  according 
to  a  local  trade  regulation,  he  jiassed  a  rigid 
examination  before  a  board  consisting  of  three 
dr\-  goods  merchants  and  two  cit\-  olTicials. 
During  his  entire  term  of  service,  his  belia\ior 
had  been  such  that  the  firm  never  had  occasion 
to  reprimand  him,  and  sn  satisfactory  was  his 
examination  that  the  firm  remitted  one-half  of 
his  last  year's  payment  and  imniediateK-  offered 
him  a  regular  engagement.  He  was  at  once  sent 
out  uii  tin.-  road  and  continued  tra\'eliug  for  si.x 
months,  when,  feeling  satisfied  he  had  earned  a 
rest,  he  went  home  on  a  visit  to  his  parents.- 
This  was  in  the  latter  part  of  IStiti,  at  the  close 
of  the  Prusso-Austrian  war,  his  ])arents  at  that 
time  li\iug  at  Bueude. 

While  on  this  visit  to  liis  ])arents,  after  talk- 
ing the  matter  over  with  them,  Mr.  Wehner 
decided  to  do  as  many  of  his  countrymen  before 
him  had  done — seek  his  fortune  in  the  New 
World.  He  resigned  his  position  with  the  dry 
goods  house,  the  work  of  prejjaratiou  was  soon 
complete,  and  on  June  8,  lcSii7,  he  sailed  for 
America  on  tlie  steamer  AVri'  )'i)rL\  Hearri\ed 
in  New  \'ork,  and  after  remaining  l)ut  a  few  days 
left  for  Cincinnati.  Here  he  also  remained  a 
short  time  looking  for  a  position,  but  as  nd 
opening  offered  he  came  on  to  St.  Louis,  which 
had  been  the  objective  point  of  his  journey  from 
the  start. 

When  he  first  saw  St.  Louis  he  was  without 
one  cent,  without  a  friend  or  an  acquaintance 
and  knew  not  where  to  turn  for  assistance.  Ihit 
ad\'erse  circumstances  and  misfortune  alwa\s 
served  only  to  nerve  him  to  greater  exertion,  and 
as  there  was  no  one  else  on  whom  lie  could  rely 
he  was  compelled  to  take  the  better  course  and 
depend  on  himself.  He  began  a  most  active 
and  energetic  search  for  emjiloymeut,  and  soon 
secured  a  job  as  a  salt  j^acker,  which  paid  fifteen 
dollars  i)er  mouth  and  board.  After  about  six 
months,  although  he  knew  little  of  carpenter 
work,  he  saw  an  ()pportiiiiit\  to  better  his  con- 
dition, and  therefore  accepted  a  position  as  a 
carpenter  in  the  .St.  I^onis  Planing  ^lill,  corner 
of  ]Mullaui)h\'  and  Se\euth.  He  was  put  to 
work  on  sash  and  doors,  and  so  well  did  he  ful- 


-> 


\^ 


DIOGKAPIIICAL  APPENDIX. 


381 


fill  his  duties  that  he  soon  was  awarded  the 
contract  for  niakinfj  common  sash,  a  contract  at 
wliicli  he  worked  about  a  \ear,  niakiusj;  a  s^ood 
living;  and  savin<^  some  uiouey. 

He  was  fiualh-  induced  to  leave  this  work  by 
a  schoolmate  who  had  come  from  CrernKHu-  and 
who  persuaded  him  to  i^i)  to  Cincinnati.  There 
he  again  manifested  his  ability  and  readiness  to 
do  any  work  that  offered,  and  was  soon  located 
at  a  i)lace  called  Mazard  Hall,  teudiu_<^  bar. 
With  his  eyes  alwa}'sopen,  in  the  hope  of  better- 
inir  his  condition,  he  soon  afterward  secured 
em])]oyment  with  the  larj^e  dry  _<j;oods  house  of 
Alms  &  Doepke,  with  whom  he  remained  until 
the  spring  of  l^fiiii,  when,  to  his  misfortune,  he 
was  again  persuaded  to  leave  a  good  job,  this 
time  to  go  to  Chicago.  Xot  finding  things  as 
he  expected,  he  was  unable  to  get  em])k)\'meut 
and  soon  ran  out  of  mouev.  Realizing  that 
st)mething  must  be  done  he,  with  the  usual  con- 
fidence lu  himself,  engaged  as  a  painter  and  was 
sent  with  a  boy  to  finish  the  interior  of  a  fine 
house  as  his  first  job.  Here  his  \-ersatilit\-  again 
stood  him  in  good  stead,  for  although  he  had 
ue\er  had  a  i)aint-brush  in  his  hands,  lie  did 
till'  work  so  well  that  he  staid  with  the  l)oss- 
painter  during  the  entire  season. 

He  could  not  remain  idle,  and  after  C(.)ld 
weather  threw  him  out  of  work  as  a  painter 
he  took  the  first  thing  that  offered  and  tended 
bar  niuil  .Vugust  1,  1^70,  when  he  and  his 
friend,  C.  .V.  Lohmanu,  who  is  now  the  well- 
known  music  dealer  of  this  cit\',  determined  to 
come  to  St.  Louis.  The  tramped  the  entire 
distance,  reaching  this  cit\'  .Vugust  1-th.  Mr. 
W'eluK'r  was  too  forceful  and  energetic  to  e\er 
remain  long  without  work,  and  it  was  not  mau\ 
days  before  he  secured  a  job  as  bo.\-maker  at  the 
factory  of  IKiirv  (iauss,  where  lie  remained  one 
\ear.  His  next  chance  of  emi)lo\  lueul  took  him 
to  dry  goods  again,  as  he  had  secured  the  posi- 
tion of  salesman  with  the  firm  of  Trorliclil  ^ 
Dunkuer,  with  whom  he  remained  five  vears, 
finall)'  lea\iug  the  house  in  l^Ti;  to  go  into  the 
coal  business  as  agent  for  the  O'Fallon  Coal 
Coni])au\-. 

lu     1S77,    joining    a    partnership   with    J.    .'-i. 


Morris  ami  Henr\  (icrke,  they  leased  a  mine  at 
Lebanon,  Illinois,  which  they  operated  until 
l•*^7'.•,  when  Mr.  W'ehner  withdrew  to  become 
the  agent  of  the  .Mt.  Olive  Coal  Company,  occu- 
])ying  the  position  for  fi\e  years.  His  next  step 
was  to  purchase  an  interest  in  the  business, 
which  he  held  until  the  company  sold  out  to  the 
Ellsworth  Coal  Company  in  INIarch,  11SS4.  He 
acted  as  the  solicitor  of  the  new  company  until 
March  1,  LS,S(;,  when  he  went  into  liusiness  for 
himself,  under  the  firm  naiue  of  Charles  E. 
Weliner  &.  Compan\-,  conducting  this  business 
very  prosperously  until  USHtt^  when  he  in  com- 
pany with  the  old  members  of  the  ^It.  ()li\-e 
Coal  Company  associated  themselves  under  the 
name  of  the  ^It.  Olive  &:  St.  Louis  Coal  Com- 
pany. Later  the  com])an\-  was  reorganized  as 
the  Wehner  Coal  Comjjany,  Mr.  W'ehner  own- 
ing the  controlling  interest. 

lu  religious  belief  Mr.  W'ehner  is  a  Catholic, 
and  is  a  uiember  of  .St.  Liborius  Church.  He 
has  taken  a  deep  interest  in  religious  and  social 
societies  for  several  years;  he  is  at  present  a 
meiuber  of  the  Order  of  Catholic  Knights  of 
.\merica,  and  has  held  the  position  of  trustee  of 
the  .State  Council  of  that  body.  He  is  also  the 
founder  and  now  president  of  the  St.  Liborius 
Maenner-Chor. 

In  politics  he  is  a  staunch  Democrat,  and 
although  he  is  nowise  a  partisan  politician,  his 
friends  ha\e  frequently  insisted  on  him  entering 
local  ])olitics  in  an  t)fficial  capacit\'.  In  lN>i7he 
was  one  of  ^hiyor  Xoonan's  most  ardent  su]i- 
porters.  and  was  a  delegate  to  the  convention 
which  uomiualecl  liini.  lu  l.s;il  Mi.  W'ehner 
was  prevailed  upon  tt)  run  for  the  Council.  He 
made  the  race  and  received  the  second  highest 
\ote  of  any  man  on  the  I)enu)cratic  ticket  uiaile 
by  the  cou\entiou.  He  was  elected,  b\-  a  vote 
of  l!',;>!i7,over  histierman  Republican  opponent, 
who  received  li',tt.')2.  His  worth  was  recog- 
nized by  the  president  of  the  Council,  who 
appointed  him  to  a  number  of  important  com- 
mittees. .\s  chairman  of  the  committee  of  rail- 
roads he  did  valuable  work  for  the  city. 

(  )n  Xovember  i'-',  \x'i\ .  Mr.  W'ehner  was  mar- 
ried to  Mis-,  W'illKluiiu,i  lioedeker,  of  this  citv. 


382 


OLD  ANP  .\'/:ir  sv:  fjurrs. 


WiiiTTHMoKi:,  RoiiKKT  Bi.ACKWHi.i.,  is  an- 
other of  the  proiiiiiKiil  and  cnteiprisiuj,'  business 
nicn  wlin  liavf  made  a  marked  ini]iress  on  the 
jrrowth  of  St.  Louis.  A  man  oi  ,<,n-eat  energy 
and  of  a  cool,  clear-siojhted  jndi^mcnt,  he  is 
rejjarded  ever\\vhere  in  the  business  worhl  as  a 
man  of  ca])acitv  who  would  succeed  in  whatever 
position  lie  miijht  1)e  placed.  His  father  was 
Homer  Wliilteniore,  and  his  mother,  before  her 
marriage  was  Maria  Blackwcll,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Blackwell,  who  at  one  time  owned  the 
greater  ]xirt  of  Astoria,  New  York,  and  for 
which  family  the  celebrated  Blackwell's  Island, 
above  Xcw  York  Citv,  was  named.  The  father 
was  a  native  of  Massachusetts, and  was  for  many 
vears  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  cotton 
cards,  and  was  connected  with  Amos  Whitte- 
more,  who  was  the  inventor  of  the  nuxchine.  It 
seems  that  the  ideas  of  his  descendants  dwell  on 
cotton,  for  the  subject  of  this  sketch  has  been 
for  a  long  time  interested  in  ccitton  compresses. 
Robert  I^.  Whittemore  was  born  in  the  town 
of  Astoria,  New  York,  July  11,  bs-^d.  He  was 
given  good  educational  opportunities  and  at- 
tended a  private  school  until  he  was  seventeen 
years  of  age,  when  he  went  into  a  wholesale 
dry  goods  store  in  New  York  City  as  a  salesman, 
remaining  there  one  year.  At  the  end  of  llu' 
vear  he  determined  on  coming  west,  and  reached 
St.  Louis  in  January,  l.'S4.').  Here  he  joined  a 
brother,  who  had  come  to  St.  Louis  six  years 
before,  and  was  at  that  lime  running  a  whole- 
sale hat  and  cap  store,  and  dealing  in  furs  and 
pelts.  Young  Whittemore  accepted  a  position 
■  with  this  brother,  commencing  in  a  subordinate 
capacity,  until  1)549.  in  which  vear  he  was  taken 
into  the  firm  as  a  partner. 

In  1850  the  elder  brother  was  called  to  New 
York,  where  he  remained  permanently.  The 
entire  responsibility  and  management  fell  u])on 
Robert,  who  despite  his  youth  managed  the 
bii.siness  with  the  ability  of  a  veteran.  At  that 
time  the  Imsiness  was  located  at  what  was  then 
known  as  No.  127  North  :Main.  In  1870  the 
business  had  increased  until  more  room  became 
necessary,  and  the  headquarters  were  changed 
to  the  corner  of  Main  and  \'ine  streets. 


In  l'S74  an  offer  was  made  that  ct)uld  not  be 
refused,  and  the  hat,  caji  and  fur  business  was 
sold.  A  man  of  Mr.  Wliitteniore's  energy  and 
push  could  not  long  remain  idle,  so  he  immedi- 
atelv  set  to  work  and  organized  a  company  for 
handling  and  compressing  cotton.  Messrs.  Oli- 
\er  and  .\.  Pi.  (iarrison  and  John  (r.  Wells  were 
his  associates  in  this  coni])an\-,  of  which  Mr. 
Whittemore  was  made  president.  He  remained 
in  this  office  until  the  com])any  was  consoli- 
dated with  the  Peper  Cotton  Press  Comjjany, 
under  the  title  of  the  latter.  Of  the  company 
thus  constituted  Mr.  Whittemore  was  selected 
secretar\-,  treasurer  and  general  manager.  In 
such  ]iosition  he  remained,  mauagingthe  house's 
b\isiness  with  rare,  good  judgment,  until  he  sold 
out  his  interest  in  the  firm  in  ISSil. 

Since  he  left  the  cotton  business  he  has  been 
interested  in  the  Levering  Investment  Company, 
which  belongs  to  the  estate  of  Lawrason  Lever- 
ing, deceased,  and  was  organized  by  the  exec- 
utors of  that  gentlenuurs  estate  for  the  ]mr])()se 
of  buying  and  selling  lands,  lots  and  houses  and 
doinga  general  real  estate  business.  .Mr.  Whitte- 
more is  president  of  this  company,  and  its  present 
success  is  largely  due  to  his  able  management. 
Mr.  Whittemore  was  one  of  the  organizers  and 
incorporators  of  the  Lucas  Hank,  of  which  Major 
Turner  was  president.  This  bank  was  after- 
ward merged  into  the  Mechanics'  Hank,  of  which 
he  was  for  se\eral  \ears  a  director.  He  was 
alscj  the  treasurer  of  the  Mound  City  .Mutual,  the 
first  building  association  ever  organized  in  vSt. 
Louis,  and  a  stockholder  and  life-member  of  the 
Mercantile  Library,  as  well  as  a  member  of  the 
University  Club. 

.Mr.  Whittemore  was  married  in  November, 
I'StWi,  to  Mi.ss  Kate  S.  Levering,  daughter  of 
Lawrason  Lc\-ering.  Their  children  are,  re- 
spcctiveh',  Lawrason  L.,  president  of  the  Mis- 
souri Mantel  and  Decorative  Company;  R.  B., 
Jr.,  secretar\-  of  the  .Missouri  Iron  Roofing  and 
Corrugating  Company;  Frederick  Churchill, 
Louisa,  Clinton  L.,  John  R.,  Allan  P.,  Kather= 
ine  and  Audenried.  Frederick  C.  is  a  rising 
voung  insurance  man  of  this  cit\'.  Louisa  is 
now  married  to  Mr.  Harry  Kua]ip. 


/ifcich'.  //'///( '.  //,    //'/'/•; A vv.v. 


383 


Ai.ijvN,  CiiAS.  Ci.Ai'i.iN,  son  of  Joliii  Arllnir 
and  Jane  l^^li/.ahctli  (W'liite)  Allen,  was  born  in 
tliis  cit>-  Jnly  2'),  IS,").").  His  father  was  a  mem- 
lur  of  the  widely-known  boot  and  shoe  house  of 
Claflin,  Alk-n  ^c  Cnnipany.  The  earlier  educa- 
tion of  ]\Ir.  Allen  was  rccei\ed  in  the  public 
schools  and  at  Washinoion  l'ni\'ersit\-,  of  lliis 
cil\-,  and  at  Princeton  l'ni\ersit\',  from  wliicli 
he  was  graduated  in  1^7.').  He  at  once  entered 
the  St.  Louis  Law  School  where  he  studied 
and    received    the    degree    of    I^L.B.    in    l'S77. 

He  began  a  gen- 
eral ])ractice  of  law, 
and  in  l'Sil2  formed 
a  ])artnership  with 
W'm.  Iv  I'isse,  under 
the  firm  name  of 
b'isseX:  Allen,  which 
still  conlinui-s.  Al- 
though (Icej)!}'  inter- 
ested in  all  pnljlic 
and  political  ques- 
tions, his  interest 
has  that  wide  and 
Ul)eral  scoj)e  which 
excludes  all  sel f- 
seekiug  and  consid- 
ers questions  onl\  in 
the  light  of  the  pub- 
lic good.  Mr.  Alk-n 
is  in  no  sense  a  par- 
tisan jiolitician;  he 
is  a  law\er  abo\-c 
e\'er\thing  t-lse  and 
is  devoted  to  his  pro- 
lession,  but  he  ne\crllKlcss  has  acknowledged 
the  ilutv  which  he  owes  to  his  fellow-citizens 
and  has  discharged  such  responsibilities  with 
uusclhshiuss  and  abilitw  In  bSS]  he  was 
elected  to  the  'riiirt\ -lir>t  C.cner.d  Assemblv, 
and  during  both  the  regular  session  nl  l.ssi  and 
the  extra  session  of  tin-  vi-ar  following  was  a 
member  of  several  important  committees.  He 
is  an  earnest  advocate  of  ])uril\  ,  decencv  and 
honesty  in  the  admiuist ration  of  jiublic  affairs, 
and  as  a  member  of  the  Civil  Service  Reform 
Association  of  Missouri  since  its  organizaliou. 


CHAS.     CI. All. IN     AI.I.KN. 


has  done   splendid    wcuk    in   the    promotion  and 
extension  of  the  ])rineiples  it  represents. 

He  was  for  some  time  the  president  of  the  as- 
sociation, and  has  been  for  several  years  a  mem- 
ber of  the  American  .\cadeniy  of  Political  and 
Social  Science.  He  is  also  an  active  member 
of  the  .American  Bar  .Vssociatiou  and  a  number 
of  other  organizations  of  a  kindred  nature. 
Mr.  Allen  is  a  .student,  a  gentleman  of  literary 
tastes  and  scholarly  attainments. 

(.)n   ALarch   27,    l.SiKI,  he   married  Miss  Carrie 

Loui.se  Richards,  of 
vSt.  Louis. 

Among  the  not- 
able acliievements  of 
Mr.  Allen  as  a  legis- 
lator ma\-  be  men- 
tioned tlie  jirepara- 
tion  of  the  original 
draft  of  tile  corrupt 
practices  act,  de- 
signed to  prevent 
bribery  and  corru])- 
tion  in  elections. 
This  measure,  in  an 
enlarged  form,  was 
su1>uiilledto  the  Mis- 
souri Legislature  by 
the  Civil  vService  Re- 
form .\  ssoci  a  t  i  on, 
and  became  a  law 
last  year.  He  was 
akso  active  in  secur- 
ing the  jxissage  of 
that  law,  as  well  as 
the  .Missouri  .\ustralian  Hallot  Law,  and  other 
useful  legislation. 

K.M.Mi;,  JAMi;.s  I-jiwiN.  the  well-known  real 
estate  man  of  this  cit\  ,  and  the  senior  member 
of  the  tirm  of  j.  ]•■..  i\;  1).  1'.  Raime,  was  born  in 
Chicliester,  New  Hanij)shire,  June  ;>,  IS^S.  He 
is  llie  son  of  Renjamiu  and  Sally  (Watson) 
Kaime,  and  comes  from  very  old  families  on 
both  sides  of  the  house — families  that  helped  io 
make  the  historv  of  New  Kngland,  their  ances- 
tors haxiii!/  come  to  America  in  the  se\euteenth 


3S4 


OLD  AXP  xi:\v  sr.  i.oiis. 


century,  ami  heiiiy;  anion.;;  llie  earliest  colonists 
wlu)  settled  this  country. 

James  was  ijiven  a  jjood  education  at  the  Hisi^h 
Schools  at  I'iltsfield  and  Ciilniinoton,  New  Hamp- 
shire. .\s  he  intended  to  fit  himself  as  a  teacher, 
he  finished  his  education  t)y  taking  a  year's  course 
at  the  Xormal  .School  of  Bridgewater,  Massa- 
chusetts. Part  of  his  education  was  also  obtained 
from  a  private  tutor — Rev.  Wells — at  Pittsfield. 
After  his  education  had  been  completed  he  pro- 
cured a  position  as  teaclier  in  the  academy  at 
lvHingh;im,  Xew  Haui]ishirc,  next  going  to  take 
charge  of  a  school  at  vSi)ringfield,  ^lassachusetts, 
this  being  about  I>>'):^,  following  his  engage- 
ment here  by  a  six  months'  term  as  teacher  of 
the  Cirauunar  .School  at  (Treenfield,  New  Hamp- 
shire. 

.\t  the  end  of  this  engagement  he  Inllowed 
the  great  tide  of  young  men  setting  westward, 
and  was  borne  along  by  it  until  he  reached 
Providence,  a  snudl  town  in  Illinois,  where  he 
secured  charge  of  a  school  and  again  assumed 
the  duties  of  the  profession  of  the  teacher,  being 
made  the  principal  of  the  Providence  Academy. 
During  the  three  years  he  directed  its  affairs  he 
brought  the  academy  to  a  high  state  of  efficiency, 
and  demonstrated  his  thorough  ability  as  a 
teacher.  The  trustees  of  the  scIiodI  would  ha\e 
been  pleased  to  continue  him  in  his  ])ositi(in, 
but  his  shrewd  and  well-balanced  judgment  led 
him  to  the  conclusion  that  at  that  time  the 
"  I''nture  Oreat  "  certainly  contained  all  tlie  ele- 
ments of  greatness,  and  was  filled  with  opportu- 
nities for  the  young  and  ambitious,  and  he 
resigned  his  chair  of  instruction  and  came  to 
St.  Louis  in  July,   IS.');^. 

Shortly  after  his  arrival,  the  school  board 
needed  an  assistant  to  Prof.  J.  D.  Low,  prin- 
cipal of  the  High  School,  and  so  high  did  Mr. 
Kaime's  examination  show  him  to  stand  in  the 
science  of  pedagogics  that  he  was  the  successful 
applicant  of  a  list  of  thirty-three.  This  appoint- 
ment was  the  beginning  of  a  seven  years'  term 
of  .service  in  this  school,  during  part  of  which 
time  he  was  instructor  in  mathematics,  and  for 
one  year  was  the  principal  of  the  school. 
Becoming  interested  in  the   lumber  business,  he 


left  the  school  to  go  to  Irouton,  Missouri,  in 
which  ]dace,  howe\'er,  he  remained  only  six 
months,  and  for  a  year  f<inowing  his  departure 
Iruni  Irouton,  lra\'(.-k-d  with  his  wife  and  child 
throughout  Xew  Ivngiand,  \isiting  relati\'es  and 
friends  in  his  uatix'c  State  as  well  as  in  Illinois. 

iMglUeiMi  hundred  and  si\l\-  found  Uie  lamil\- 
back  home  in  vSt.  Louis,  and  that  year  marked 
.Mr.  Kaime's  introduction  to  the  real  estate  busi- 
ness. .\  partnership  was  formed  with  Wni.  H. 
Merritt,  and  an  office  was  opened  at  Third  and 
Pine.  Two  months  after  the  jiartnershij)  was 
formed  .Mr.  Kaimc  bought  out  .Mr.  .Merritt's 
interest,  and  ran  the  business  alone  until  late  in 
the  succeeding  fall,  when  a  partnership  was 
formed  with  W.  J.  Webb,  under  the  firm  st\'le 
of  Wchh  X;  Kaime.  On  January  1,  LSIil,  the 
hcad()uarters  of  the  firm  were  rcniii\i-d  from 
Pine  and  Thirtl  to  Washington  avenue  between 
Third  and  Fourth,  reuuxining  there  until  the 
building  of  the  bridge  approach  made  another 
removal  necessary.  In  1<S().")  Mr.  Webb  sold  his 
interest  in  the  business  to  D.  F.  Kaime,  the 
vounger  brother  of  Jas.  H,  who  had  come  to 
vSt.  Louis  from  Xew  Hampshire  in  IS.'iT,  the 
firm  liecoming  J.  ?v.  Kaime  &  Brother.  Under 
such  an  arrangement  the  firm  continued  until 
Julv  I,  1'S!I2,  when  K.  F.  Kaime,  son  of  the 
suljject  of  this  sketch  was  taken  into  ])artnersliip 
and  the  style  changed  to  J.  E.  Kaime  iN:  Com- 
]xun-.  The  firm  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  most 
substantial  real  estate  organizations  in  the  cit_\-, 
and  its  high  standing  is  so  generally  known 
that  nothing  further  need  be  said  on  that  point. 

.Mr.  Kaime  is  a  devout  and  prominent  church- 
man, being  one  of  the  most  lii)eral  nunubers  of 
the  Pilgrim  Congregational  Church,  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  influential  religions  bodies  in  the 
cit\-.  He  wasoneof  the  organizers  of  thischnrch, 
and  he,  together  with  .\.  .M.  Ivlgell,  purchased 
the  lots  on  which  the  building  now  stands  and 
donated  them.  He  also  gave  in  cash  for  the 
construction  of  the  church,  and  has  been  one  of 
its  most  liberal  contributors  ever  since.  He  is 
likewise  a  member  of  both  the  St.  Louis  and 
Mercantile  clubs. 

While  \et  a  struggling  school-teacher  in  New 


rV 


i!n  n.RAriiiCAi,  .  \ri'i-:xi)ix. 


385 


lnis1)aiul,    until    lic-r    dealli,    uii    Dixx-iuIkt    'I'l, 
Brokaw,  Arc.rsTrs   \'ox    J,n:r. — A  physi- 


I'",nj;laii(l,  Mr.  Kaiinc  tt-ll  in  \u\v  witli  and  mar-  siiri^eon,  and  a  nnniber  of  darin<(  and  ilifficult, 
rit'd  Miss  Laura  L.  .Slu-rhnrnc-,  of  CliiclR-slcr;  hnl  successful,  operations  liave  <i;iven  indica- 
the  weddin.y;  occurred  May  2;"),  IfSo^.  ^Nliss  lion  of  talent  of  a  superior  order.  His  merit  has 
Sherburne  was  the  daiisjhter  of  Squire  Slier-  met  with  reco<juitiou,  and  he  is  now  surgeon  of 
hnrni'.  The  marriaji;e  was  a  luost  fortunate  cue,  St.  Jolm's  Hos])ital  and  consultin<^  surt^eon  to 
llic    wife    ])n)vin.g'   a    genuine    hel])inate   to  her      the  City  and  I-'reuch  hospitals. 

As  a  lecturer  he  has  shown  an  understanding 
of  his  subjects  which  makes  his  services  most 
valuable  to  colleges,  aud  at  the  present  time  he 
is  the  professor  of  anatouiy  in  the  Missouri  .Med- 
cian  of  .St.  Louis,  who,  despite  his  youth,  has  ical  College,  as  well  as  demonstrator  of  anatomy 
al reach'  made  a  uauie 
for  h  i  m  se  1  f  which 
uiany  medical  uien 
of  the  uiost  mature 
jirofessional  exjieri- 
ence  m  i  gh  t  wel  I 
envy,  aud  who  gives 
ever\-  indication  of 
crowning  his  future 
with  a  complete  suc- 
cess,   is     he    whose 


and  operative  sur- 
gery at  the  same  in- 
stitution. He  is  a 
meml)erof  the  Amer- 
ican Medical  Asso- 
ciation, tlieSt.  Louis 
Medical  Societv,  the 
Southern  Surgical 
and  Cjyntecological 
Society  and  the  ]\Ied- 
ico-Chirurgical  So- 
ciet\'. 

Dr.  lirokaw  was 
married  October  10, 
l.sss,  to  ?kliss  Julia 
I'enn    Crawford,     of 


Alabama. 

Althougli  only 
thirt\--one  years  of 
age,  I )v.  lirokaw  has 
gained  an  excellent 
reputation   which  is 


name  heads  this  ar- 
ticle. Dr.  Brokaw 
was  born  at  the  St. 
Louis  Cil>'  Hospital, 
of  which  his  father 
was  t  h  e  n  s\iperin- 
l  endenl,  .\  ])ril  •>, 
l^ii^l.  His  educa- 
tional training  was 
recei\ed  in  the  pri- 
niar\-  schools  of  the 

city    andsuiiple-  ok.  a.  v.  i..  hkokaw  .  exten.sive  in  the  ex- 

men  ted     1)\      the  treme. 

courses  of  instruction  offered  by  the  Polytechnic  Ci.KAKV,  RKI)^^|)^•I),  was  born  in  County  Tip- 

and  High  School.  perary.  Ireland,  May  -i'),  L'^-'!',  where  his  father 

He  had  early  determined  to  adopt  the  profe.s-  was  a  farmer.  He  attended  a  local  private 
sion  in  which  his  father  was  such  a  shining  school  until  his  fifteenth  year,  when  he  went  to 
light,  and,  therefore,  after  the  necessary  profes-  work  on  his  father's  farm,  where  he  remained 
sional  schooling,  he  made   his  entry  in  the  field      until  he  was  twent\-. 

of   medical    practice   in    issc.      He  began   ]irac-  In   1  s.")(i  In-  came  ti'   America  and  at  once  set- 

lice  as  a  regular  physician,  but  soon  turned  his  tlcil  in  vSl.  Lmiis,  where  his  brother-in-law,  P. 
attention  to  the  surgical  branch  of  jnaclice,  aud  Ryan,  resided.  For  a  year  he  drove  a  team  for 
it  is  in  that  department  he  won  his  subsequent  Mr.  Ryan,  who  was  contractor  on  Manchester 
successes.  Marked  skill,  contHlence  and  ]iro-  road,  and  ho  next  secured  a  position  underjohn 
gressiveness  ha\c  characleri/eil  his  work  as  a  J.  .Vnderson,  of  Caroudelet,  for  whom  he  worked 
25 


386 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I. GUIS. 


until  1«54,  taking  care  of  his  liorses  and  doiii.t; 
other  work  around  the  place. 

For  tlie  next  eleven  years  he  was  en<;a<^ed  in 
the  retail  sj^rocery  and  feed  business.  In  the 
year  INi;.'),  he,  havinj^  saved  considerable  money, 
organized  the  firm  of  Cleary  &  Taylor,  comniis- 
.sion  merchants,  with  headquarters  at  2(i  South 
Connnercial  street.  In  L'^T.')  a  branch  estab- 
lishment was  opened  in  Chicaijo,  Mr.  Taylor 
going  to  that  city  to  take  charge  of  it,  and  two 
years  later  tlie  firm  dissolved  ])artnership,  Mr. 
Clearv  retaining  the  St.  Louis  connection. 

In  1<S.S,S  he  incorporated  his  business  under 
the  name  of  Redmond  Cleary  Commission  Com- 
pauv,  with  a  paid-up  capital  of  $20(1, (i(i().  The 
house  does  a  very  large  and  exceedingly  sound 
business,  with  R.  Cleary  at  the  head  of  it,  hav- 
ing forced  his  way  to  the  front  from  a  \-ery 
humble  commencement. 

S'l'oiiHAK'i",  TiKi.MAS  A.,  was  born  in  Pliila- 
delphia,  I'euusyhania,  September  10,  1^20, 
and  was  educated  in  his  native  city.  In  l.S4il 
he  became  acquainted  with  ;\Ir.  Charles  A. 
Perrv,  then  one  of  the  leading  merchants  of 
Northwest  Mis.souri,  living  at  Weston,  Platte 
county.  That  gentleman  described  in  such 
glowing  colors  the  opportunities  and  advantages 
which  awaited  an  active  and  ambitious  young 
man  in  the  West,  that  on  his  return  to  his  west- 
ern home  he  was  accom])auied  by  young  vSt<id- 
dart,  to  whom  he  offered  a  position  in  his  estab- 
lishment, then  doing  business  under  the  name 
of  Perry  &  Young.  He  remained  with  the  firm 
until  1851,  and  then  went  to  Salt  Lake  City. 
From  there  he  returned  to  Philadelphia,  and 
then  drifted  back  to  W^estou,  where  he  again 
engaged  in  business. 

Mr.  Stoddart  was  married  at  Glasgow,  INIis- 
souri,  September  10,  185(),  to  Mrs.  Anna  Dickey, 
ncc  McCoy. 

His  business  engagements  at  Weston  having 
terminated  about  this  time  he  came  to  .St. 
Louis,  and  through  the  kind  offices  and  influ- 
ence of  :\Ir.  Charles  A.  Perry,  who  was  at  that 
time  a  member  of  the  X,egislature,  Mr.  Stoddart 
was    elected  book-keeper   of   the  old  Southern 


Hank  of  St.  Louis,  which  had  been  chartered 
under  the  general  banking  law  of  .Missouri  en- 
acted in  IS.').").  Tiic  T)ank  ojieued  for  business 
June  17,  IS.")  7,  and  was  continued  until  December, 
isi;;i,  when  it  was  converted  into  the  Third  Na- 
tional Hank  of  .St.  Louis  nutler  tin.-  national 
banking  act  of  IsCi'.  h  was  one  ol  the  first 
national  banks  organized,  receiving  its  certifi- 
cate December  2."i,  IsiiH.  In  March,  l.H(i4,  Mr. 
vStoddart  was  elected  cashier,  and  has  continued 
to   fill   that   i)ositiou  e\-er  since. 

He  is  a   financier   of    marked   ability,   and   a 
st)uud,  couser\ative  man. 

Phckham,  Osgood  Hazzard,  who  is  so 
closel)-  identified  with  the  manufacturing  inter- 
ests of  St.  Louis,  and  whose  efforts  more  than 
those  of  an\-  one  man  ha\e  contributed  to  the 
upbuilding  of  the  candy-making  industry, 
claims  Xew  York  as  his  native  .State,  ha\-iug 
been  born  in  Oneida  couut\-,  .September  St,  1.S44. 
Hence  he  is  now  nearly  fift\-  vears  of  age,  though 
his  appearance  would  lead  the  observer  to  the 
l)elief  that  he  lacked  a  dozen  years  of  the  half- 
century  mark.  He  spent  his  youth  at  home, 
attending  the  public  schools  of  Oneida  county 
until  eighteen  years  of  age,  when  in  common 
with  mau\-  other  youths  of  that  time,  he  acted 
on  the  ad\'ice  of  Horace  (ireeley  and  migrated  to 
Da\'enport,  Iowa,  then  as  now,  a  town  of  con- 
siderable iiromiuence. 

He  began  his  stud\'  of  the  experiences  of 
actiud  life  behind  the  counter  of  a  Daven])ort 
hotel,  where  he  obtained  a  situation  as  clerk,  a 
place  that  offered  excellent  facilities  to  study 
human  nature,  a  stud\-  from  which  he  has  since 
deri\-ed  great  benefit.  A  wider  field  in  which  to 
contiiuie  this  lesson  was  to  be  found  in  the 
])ositiou  he  accepted  a  year  later  as  tra\eling 
salesman  for  the  wholesale  grocery  house  of 
H.  P>.  ICvans  ^S:  Company,  of  Davenport.  Al- 
though he  was  without  technical  experience  he 
pro\-ed  his  ability  as  a  salesman  at  once;  but  he 
was  ambitious  and  always  watching  for  a  chance 
to  better  his  condition,  and  after  two  \-ears  of 
traveling  he  resigned  and  mo\-ed  to  Chicago 
where  he  accepted   employment  as   a   traveling 


nnu.R. irmcAi.  . \rri:xnrx. 


?,87 


salcsiiiaii  for  Da\',  Allen  ts;  Ccnnjiaiu'.  Willi 
this  finii  lie  remained  three  years,  extciulin^  his 
acquaintance  and  becoming  more  valuable  each 
\ear  to  the  house,  which  accepted  his  resigna- 
tion with  reluctance  when  he  presented  it  in 
order  to  accejit  an  offer  of  Farrington,  lirewster 
iS:  Compaiu',  who  had  made  him  a  most  adwan- 
tageous  proposition. 

He  was  a  man  of  too  much  si)irit  and  ambition 


His  next  ste])  was  to  purchase  the  ])lant  and 
good-will  of  the  Diuihani  Manufacturing  Com- 
pau\-,  the  business  of  which  he  conducted  until 
If^iH),  when  fire  for  the  second  time  laid  his  plant 
in  ruins.  He  was  not  discouraged,  and  it  was 
only  a  slioil  time  until  with  new  and  improved 
luachinery  and  a  largely  increased  capacity  he 
was»established  in  the  Eads  Building  at  thecor- 
iior  of  Seventh  and  Spruce  streets,  a  structure 


to  be  satisfied  in  the  position  of  an  employe,  and     that  was  erected  especially  for  liiiu  and  is  the 
after  two  year's  traveling  for  Farrington,  Brews-      largest  and  most  perfect  building  devoted  to  the 

business  of  candy- 
m  akin  g  in  the 
United  States.  The 
firm  occupies  the 
entire  six  floors  and 
devotes  its  attention 
cxclusi\el\-  to  the 
manufacture  of  con- 
fectionery.  The 
finest  equipment  and 
the  newest  and  most 
impro\'ed  machinery 
have  enabled  it  to 
a])proximate  perfec- 
tion in  its  special 
line  and  has  pro- 
moted the  growth  of 
the  business  until 
to-da\-  the  house 
sells  to  seventv-five 
jier  cent  of  tlie 
candy  jobbers  of  the 
United  States,  who 
con.stitute    their  en- 


ter (S:  Com])any,  he 
turned  in  his  sam])le 
cases  and  in  1.S72 
came  to  St.  I^ouis 
for  the  ])urpose  of 
entering  business  on 
hisown  account.  As 
the  caiuK'  business 
was  in  its  infancy, 
he  shrewdly  foresaw 
that  it  offered  great 
promise  of  expan- 
sion. B\-  years  of 
ecoiioin\-  he  had 
sa\'ed  some  iiionex', 
but  it  was  oiil\'  in  a 
small  wa\'  that  he 
established  himself 
at  the  corner  of  \'ine 
and  Second  streets 
as  a  wholesale  cand\' 
deak-r. 

.\l     first    business 
was  done   under  the 


O.  M.  I'UCKHAM. 


firm  name  of  ( ).  H.  I'eckham  .S:  Conipam,  which  tire    list    of    ])atrons  and   supporters, 

was  subse(|ueiilly  changed  to    Dunham,    iVck-  That  the  house  has  thus  reached  such  niagnifi- 

liani   X:   Company.       Within   a   year  after  this  cent  results  is  due  almost  entirely  to  the  talent 

change  Mr.  I'eckham  sold  out  his  interest  to  the  of  .Mr.  Peckham.      He  is  untiring  in  his  indus- 

Dunliam  Mauufacturiug  Company,  and  re-estab-  try,  of  iudomital)le  courage  and  with  progress- 

lishcd    himself   in    business    at    Xo.    "IMt    North  i\e    and    original    ideas,  which    ajiplied   to  the 

Sectuid  street,  under  the  old  sl\k' of  ( ).  II.  Beck-  manufacture    of    confcctioner\'    has    made     his 

liain    vS;    Com])any.      Two    years    afterward    he  business  what  it   is.      In    IS.Sil   the  business  had 

ino\ecl  to  the  corner  of  Second  street  and  Christy  increased  to  that  volume  where    incorporation 

avenue,  hut  a  year  later  his  ]>Iaiit  was  consumed  was  deemed  expedient.     The  ( ).   H.    Beckham 

bv   llie    file   which    destroxed    the    building   and  Candy     Manufactory    CoiniKUiy    was     the    title 

goods  of  the  (■ireeley-liuniham  ("FrocerCoinpatu-.  assumed,  while  Mr.  Beckham  was  elected  presi- 


ass 


i)i.n  Axn  \i-:\\'  ST.  iauis. 


dent,  an  office  he  lias  since  lield.  Hisstantlini> 
in  the  trade  was  sliowii  1)\  his  unanimous  elec- 
tion to  the  presidency  of  the  National  Confec- 
tioners' Association  at  the  annual  uieelin<;  of 
that  body  in  ISiU  in   St.  Louis. 

Mr.  I'eckhani,  a.side  from  his  nianufactnrin,^ 
interests,  is  one  of  the  most  valuable  citizens  of 
St.  Louis,  beinjr  prominently  identified  with 
and  a  promoter  of  every  scheme  tending;  to  con- 
tribute to  the  welfare  of  the  city.  He  is  a  man 
of  liberal  ideas  and  a  believer  in  progress,  and  is 
an  acti\-e  member  of  the  Merchants'  Exchan,<,re. 
His  name  is  also  on  the  members'  book  of  ihe 
Mcrcantile  Club. 

He  has  been  married  twice,  the  first  time  to 
Miss  Fannie  vSherwood,  of  Utica,  New  York, 
October,  ISTii,  and  who  died  in  b-lSii.  To  this 
niarriaoe  four  children  were  born,  only  two  of 
which,  Frank  E.  and  Mary  F\,  are  now  li\in<^. 
His  second  wife,  Mrs.  Susie  H.  Clark,  to  whom 
he  was  married  in  March,  is'.il,  was  also  a  New 
York  ladv,  a  native  of  Syracuse. 

SCHOTTEX,  HiP.KRTr.s,  the  present  senior 
partner  of  the  old  firm  of  Win.  vSchotten  ils: 
Compan\',  has  been  consjiicnonslv  identified 
with  the  commercial  growth  of  vSt.  Louis  for 
o\er  twenty  years. 

;\Ir.  Schotteu  was  born  in  St.  Louis,  May  2S, 
1855,  and  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  late  William 
Schotten.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Germany, 
who  emigrated  to  .Vmerica  in  the  early  forties, 
settling  at  vSt.  Louis.  After  receiving  the  usual 
primary  instructions  in  the  pre])aratory  schools, 
■  Hubertus  entered  Saint  Joseph's  College,  near 
Effingham,  Illinois.  After  four  years  of  col- 
legiate studies  he  quit  college  and  began  a.ssist- 
ing  his  father  in  his  bu.siness,  showing  from  the 
start  a  remarkable  aptitude  for  commercial  pur- 
suits, which  soon  developed  into  a  practical 
knowledge  of  business  unusual  for  a  bov  of  his 
years. 

His  father  was  strict  and  exacting,  and  the 
boy  in  consequence  was  well  acquainted  with 
hard  work  long  before  he  gained  his  niajorit\ . 
When  nineteen  years  old  his  father  died  after  a 
short  illness.      Hubertus  took  his  father's  death 


\ery  much  to  heart,  his  mother  ha\ing  died 
when  he  was  a  child. 

The  business  established  by  his  father  in  is  17, 
on  a  \ery  snudl  scale,  had  by  this  time  attained 
large  ])roporlions  for  that  line  of  business,  and 
its  management  was  by  no  means  a  small  affair, 
as  it  required  a  knowledge  and  experience  that 
was  jiossessed  by  but  few  at  that  time  in  the 
territory  which  was  then  essentialK'  known  as 
the  West.  It  (le\()l\'ed  upon  \()uug  Schotten  to 
assume  the  management  of  the  business.  Under 
his  guidance  a  steadv  jn'ogress  was  made  from 
the  stall. 

In  the  course  of  a  few  years  it  became  e\i- 
(lent  that  he  jiossessed  not  only  the  abilit\-,  but 
an  indomitable  will  that  left  no  room  to  doubt 
the  future  success  of  the  old  house.  .Meeting 
with  many  obstacles  and  disai)pointments,  even 
from  those  from  whom  he  might  ha\'e  expected 
encouragement,  was  a  se\-ere  enough  test  to 
have  discouraged  a  uiucli  (jlder  man  than  he, 
but  in  his  line  of  l)usincss  he  became  the  leader, 
a  ])lace  he  holds  to  this  day. 

Five  years  after  ha\ing  assuuied  the  manage- 
ment he  was  given  an  interest  in  the  1)nsiness, 
having  only  receix'cd  a  salary  up  to  this  lime. 
The  second  year  after  his  admittance  to  the  firm 
with  a  younger  l)rolher  the  interest  of  his 
father's  estate  was  withdrawn  altogether,  lea\- 
ing  the  business  in  the  hands  of  him  and  his 
brother.  iMom  this  lime  on  the  progress  of  the 
house  became  more  apjiarent,  and  il  look  rank 
with  the  foremost  in  the  country. 

William  .Schotten  .S:  Company  are  looked 
upon  in  the  trade  as  one  of  the  most  reliable 
spice  firms  in  this  country.  .St.  Louis  is  fortu- 
nate in  the  possession  of  man\'  firms  of  old 
standing  which  have  grown  up  with  the  cil\', 
contributed  to  its  ad\-ancement,  and  in  turn 
shared  prosperity  with  it.  The  firm  of  Schot- 
ten S:  ComjKiny  is  cons])icuous  among  these. 

In  isso  .Mr.  .Schotten  nuirried  .Miss  Addie 
Helming,  of  Milwaukee,  daughter  of  1>.  H. 
Helming,  an  old  resident  of  that  citw  The 
union  turned  out  to  be  a  happy  one.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Hubertus  .Schotten  ha\e  onl\-  one  child,  a 
dautrhler. 


/!/()(, h\  //'///( •.  //,    .  u'/'/-:x/>/.\. 


3S9 


HaivKic.ax,  I<ArRi';.NCK,  cliief  of  jxilic-cof  tlie 
v\\\  lit  St.  I, I  mis,  lias  l)een  desis^nated  time  and 
aj^aiii  1)\  competent  jnd<^es  as  "the  finest  police- 
man in  the  United  States."  Certainly,  no  more 
efficient,  sagacious  or  imtirini;  jiolice  officer 
exists.  Colonel  IIarri.y;an,  as  a  patrolman,  a 
ditectix'e,  a  subordinate  police  official  and  the 
head  of  the  ])olice  department  of  vSt.  lyouis  for 
man\-  \ears,  won  a  renown  in  his  jirofession 
which  is  \\iirld-\\ide.  His  eminence  is  undis- 
jiuted,  and  he  stands  as  a  leader  amoiio;  those 
men  wlui  arc  called 
n])nn  loshow  a  depth 
of  thou<^ht,  a  pene- 
tration and  a  keen- 
ness of  insii^ht  which 
are  deemed asspecial 
mental  .i^ifts,  and 
when  de\-eloped  1)\ 
shrewd  ol)ser\-aliou 
and  perfect  knowl- 
(.■dy;e  of  human  nat- 
ure, are  looked  upon 
as  marvelous  facul- 
ties. 

Laurence  Harri- 
dan is  a  uati\-e  of 
Iieland,  ha\iu,<;  heen 
horn  in  that  countrx 
on  Jnut.'  1  ■'>,  1  >■■">  I . 
lie  i-  a  me  to  t  h  e 
I'nited  States  when 
h  e  w  as  fo  u  r  tee  n 
vears  of  aije  and  re- 
mained in  Xiw  York 
Cit\    until    ls."i;;,    wlu-n    he    came   to   St.  Louis. 

1  Ic  went  to  w(nk  at  the  bench  of  a  shoemaker, 
learned  the  trade  and  worked  at  it  until  L'^'iT, 
when  1k'  was  ap])(.)iiited  on  the  police  force  a.s  a 
patrolman.  This  was  on  June  l-')th  of  that 
\ear.  (  Ml  the  LUll  of  June  he  was  promoted  to 
the  I, ink  of  ser5.;eant,  a  ])ositiiiii  he  ludd  until 
the  null  of  (  )ctol)er,  l.sdi;,  when  he  was  made 
litilteii.inl  ol  police-. 

Ma\  -7,  isiiT,  he  resi<;ned  from  the  force. 
(  )n  the  ^'•nth  ol  Xo\eniber,  L'^iiT,  he  was  ajjaiu 
lil.iced  on  till-    lorci',  receix'iiiL;  the   appointment 


LAURENCi:   n  VkkKiAN. 


of  sergeant,  i  >n  the  l^th  of  Mav,  IsiiS,  Ser- 
jeant Harris^an  was  made  chief  of  detectives. 
He  resi.y;ned  this  ])osition  .September  :i(i,  l-STO, 
but  returned  to  the  force  iNhircli  -S,  1.S7L  asj;ain 
as  a  sergeant. 

<  )n  the  1st  of  June,  LS74,  he  was  a])])oiiited 
chief  of  ]K)lice.  He  held  this  office  until  the 
L^tli  of  No\-ember,  LST."),  when  he  again  re- 
signed. He  was  made  chief  again  on  the  iSth 
of  Jamiarv,  l'SX4,  but  resigned  his  position  May 
1,  I.SSC,  to  accept  an  office  from  President  Cleve- 
land, at  the  ex])ira- 
tioii  of  which  he  was 
reap])oiiited  chief  of 
police  May  i^O,  LSilO. 
This  office  he  still 
holds  to  the  satisfac- 
tion of  politicians  of 
e\ery  grade. 

He  was  m a  r  r i  ed 
June,  lx.">(i,  to  Miss 
Lucy  Cole,  of  St. 
Louis,  and  has  three 
children  li\ing, 
I<aiira  M.  (  wife  of 
W.  J.  Laker),  Lau- 
rence 1'.  and  I-Cliz- 
abetli.  His  parents 
were  James  H.  and 
I-'.lizabeth  ( Scanlan  ) 
Harrigan. 

Chief  Ha  rr  i  gan 
has,  in  the  ])erio(l  of 
his  jiolice  experi- 
ence,figured  in  main 
of  the  most  notable  cajUures  in  the  criminal 
hislorx  of  the  I'liited  .Slates.  In  every  position 
that  he  held  he  was  feared  by  law-breakers  and 
admired  by  liis  as.sociates  fur  his  intrepid  bravery, 
liis  iron  determination  and  his  tireless  activity. 
He  has  known  nothing  but  the  duly  that  lay 
before  him,  and  this  lie  has  always  discharged 
with  religious  zeal. 

In  his  civil  jjositions  he  has  shown  the  same 
strong  executive  ahiiitx'  as  in  his  police  life. 
.\s  a  detective,  he  was  without  a  peer,  and  as 
a  eliiif  of  depaitment  in  police  circles,  lias  never 


390 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


been  equaled.  He  has  always  been  prominent 
in  political  life,  and  a  citizen  of  wlioni  vSt.  Louis 
has  always  had  reason  to  be  proud. 

Opi>,  FrKDKRICK,  .son  of  John  and  Minnie 
(Hushing)  Opp,  was  born  at  Lawrcncehnrs^N 
Indiana,  1855.  His  parents  nio\cd  into  Durban 
count\ ,  Indiana,  where  he  worked  on  a  farm 
until  liS7(t,when  he  went  to  Gainesville,  Texas, 
remaininij  in  the  South  about  a  year.  In  .Si.])- 
teniber  1^71  he  came  to  .St.  Louis,  where  he 
.secured  employment  in  the  establishment  of 
Wood,  Kinjjsland  &  Company,  with  whom  he 
remained  for  nine  years,  doing  excellent  work 
and  acquiring  very  valuable  experience.  In 
1S8U  he  acce])tcd  a  position  with  Messrs.  Ihise 
&  Morell,  with  which  firm  he  was  connected 
for  three  )-ears. 

In  October,  ISSii,  Mr.  Opp,  having  saved  a 
considerable  sum  of  money  and  acquired  a  very 
intimate  knowledge  of  the  tobacco  business,  as- 
sociated himself  with  Mr.  I''.  W'm.  Weiuheimer, 
forming  the  firm  of  Weiuheimer  &  <  >]ip,  which 
established  itself  at  No.  '20(5  Walnut  street  as 
wholesale  tobacco  leaf  merchants,  liuth  mem- 
bers of  the  firm  are  active  and  well  respected 
men,  and  the^•  have  now  a  very  large  trade  in 
the  city  which  is  recognized  as  the  finest  tobacco 
market  in  the  world.  The  firm  occupies  a  four- 
storv  building  with  a  commodious  basement, 
having  a  floor  area  of  ;5"2\l:^n  feet  fully  equipped 
with  every  convenience  for  the  accommodation 
of  their  extensive  stock.  Shipments  of  tobacco 
are  constantly  being  received  from  Connecticut, 
Wisconsin,  New  York  and  Pennsylvania,  while 
the  firm  also  handles  immense  quantities  of  the 
fine.st  grades  of  the  Havana  and  Sumatra  out- 
put. Mr.  ( )pp  visits  Cuba  every  year  personalh' 
in  order  to  secure  the  finest  tobacco  raised  on 
that  island,  and  this  he  sells  to  the  manufactur- 
ers of  the  finest  cigars  .sold  in  this  country. 

The  house  has  regular  customers  as  far  south 
as  New  Orleans,  as  far  north  as  vSt.  Paul,  with 
many  as  far  ea.st  as  Cincinnati,  and  even  farther 
west  than  Denver.  P.oth  partners  are  energetic 
and  liberal  business  men,  very  popular  in  trade 
circles,   and   noted   throughout   the  countrv   for 


their  energy,  generosit\-  ;iud  sterling  integrity. 
Mr.  0|i]i  is  a  \-erv  bus\-  and  acti\'e  man,  but  he 
finds  lime  to  do  good  work  on  behalf  of  the  Ma- 
sonic fraternitv,  of  which  he  is  a  member,  as 
well  as  a  Knight  Teuii)lar.  He  is  also  a  jirom- 
incul  mcml)er  of  the  .Mercantile  Club,  and  has 
fouinl  lime  to  assist  in  a  number  of  im]iorlanl 
enterprises,  including  the  Ivisl  ICnd  Im])ro\-e- 
meut  .\ssociation. 

He  married,  in  the  \ear  l.S''^l,  Miss  Ousie 
h'erukas  and  has  two  children,  Harold  I!,  and 
( rusie. 

^loRTox,  TuRXisR  P>.,  son  of  iMankliu  and 
Lucy  (Prame)  Morton,  was  born  October  22, 
1><4!I,  at  Milton,  Illinois.  He  was  educated  at 
the  common  schools,  where  he  remained  until 
si.xteen  vears  of  age,  when  he  accepted  a  posi- 
tion as  clerk  jn  a  dry  goods  store,  where  he  re- 
mained for  two  years.  Then  his  employer 
added  a  grain  branch  to  his  establishment,  and 
\ouug  Mr.  Morton  acted  as  clerk  and  manager 
in  the  warehouse  for  eight  years. 

In  I'ST.')  Mr.  Morton  came  to  St.  Louis,  where 
he  clerked  for  .Messrs.  Wright,  Rickert  &  Com- 
pany for  a  year  and  a  half,  after  which  he  re- 
turned to  Milton  and  established  him.self  in  the 
hotel  and  confectionery  business.  He  was  aj)- 
poiuted  postmaster  of  the  town,  and  held  the 
office  to  the  general  satisfaction  of  the  jjeople 
for  two  vears.  In  PSTT  he  returned  to  St.  Louis 
and  acted  as  clerk  for  .Messrs.  W.  P.  Rickert  tK: 
Company  until  that  firm's  retirement  from  busi- 
ness in  18'S4. 

He  then  formed  a  co-]Kirtuershii)  with  Messrs. 
.\l\an  L.  Messmore  and  John  ;\t.  (rannett,  form- 
ing the  firm  of  Messmore,  Oannett  i\:  Company, 
connnission  merchants.  This  is  now  one  of  the 
largest  commission  houses  in  llie  cit\-,  and  it 
has  connecti(nis  throughout  the  entire  West  and 
.South.  He  is  a  very  prominent  member  of  the 
.Merchants'  Exchange,  and  exceedingly  popular 
with  all  his  fellow-members. 

.Mthough  de\oting  his  time  to  his  business  in 
a  verv  conscientious  way  he  is  also  a  very  prom- 
inent ( )dd  Fellow,  and  is  treasurer  of  the  .Artisan 
Puilding  and  Loan  .Vssociation. 


P>l(  M-.RAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


391 


.Mr.  .Mmtnii  married  in  Xoxciiilier,  IS?."),  ^H,^s  Mechanics'  E.xcliange,  now  known  a.>^  the- 
Jeanette  L.  Allen,  uf  .Milton,  Illinois.  He  has  Biiilder.s'  Exchange.  His  administration  of  the 
fi\e  cliildrcn — Clandc,  Jeiniie,  Delia,  Lncia  and  affairs  of  this  ofhce  was  acconi]ilishcd  in  a  most 
Tnrner  1!.,  Jr.  snccessfnl  manner,  and  is  still  prominent  in  the 

counsels  of  the  E.xchange.  Ontside  of  his  con- 
RrrrivU,  William  Alkrkd,  vice-president  of  nection  with  the  iron  company,  .Mr.  Rntter  is 
the  Chrisloiiher  &  Simpson  Architectural  Iron  also  secretary  of  the  (Tleuny  Brothers  Glass 
and  h'onndry  Compan)-,  is  a  native  of  this  city.  Company,  of  which  his  father-in-law  is  presi- 
where  he  was  born  June  !;!,  1S,"),S,  and  here  dent,  but  during  office  hours  he  devotes  his 
he  likewise  received  his  education,  attending  entire  attention  to  the  architectural  iron  com- 
until     fifteen     years    old,      pan)-,   the  trade  of  which   is  extensive  and  the 

responsibilities 


tlu-  jHiblic  schools 
wIkh  Ik-  began  to 
earn  his  own  living 
b\-  entering  the  em- 
plii\-  of  William  El- 
lison (!\;  Son,  ma- 
chinists, as  a  clerk 
and  book-keeper. 
Remaining  but  two 
years  at  this  work 
in  these  shops,  he 
then  acce])ted  a  po- 
sition with  theChris- 
loplu-r  X;  vSimjison 
.\rcliitectural  Iron 
and  i'"iiundr\-  Com- 
pany, with  which 
he  has  Ijeen  con- 
nected ever  since, 
lie  soon  made  his 
emploNcrs  aware  of 
his  industr\-,  (piick- 
ness  and  the  finished 
manner  in  which  he 


wnilAH     AI.I-RKD     RLTTER. 


heavy,  a  large  sliare 
of  both  devolving  on 
the  vice-president. 
vSo  entirely  docs  he 
understand  and  so 
thoroughly  has  he 
the  business  system- 
ized  that  he  has  lie- 
come  a  most  valua- 
ble man  to  the  com- 
]>any,  and  i.s  respon- 
sible in  a  full  share 
for  the  company's 
prosperit\-. 

He  is  very  popu- 
lar everywhere  and 
especially  among 
contractors  and 
builders,  where  his 
trade  relations  liavc 
made  him  known. 
He  is  a  representa- 
li\-e    and    jiatriotic 


did  all  his  work,  and 

was   gradualK-    adxanced    until    in     i>iSL\    when  St.    Louisan,    and    an    earnest   and    enthusiastic 

the     firui    was    incorporated   under  the    present  sn]ii)orter  of  e\ery  means  ha\ing  \ox  its  purpose 

st\  k-,  hi' was  holding  a  responsible  position.     At  the  material    ad\anccment   of   St.    I^ouis.      Mr. 


that  time  he  was  made  \-ice-president  of  the  com- 
pany, a  ]Kisitioii  he  has  occupied  ever  since. 

1 U-  has  made  it  his  business  to  becnnu-  llmr- 
oughly  acfiuainted  with  the  business  in  which 
he  is  engaged,  with  the  result  that  he  is  consid- 


Rutter  is  of  bhiglish  blood,  his  father,  William 
Rntter,  being  a  native  of  that  countr\-,  who  came 
to  .\merica  in  ls|ii,  settling  in  St.  Louis,  where 
he  has  conducted  a  liver\-  i)usiness  ever  since. 
His  int)tlier's  maiden  name  was  Maria  (iosnell. 


ered  one  of  the  best-posted  men  in  the  West  on  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  October 

architectural  iron  work,     lie  lakes  a  dee])  inter-  i!ii,  1  •^•'^",  to  Miss  .\nnie  Belle  (ilennv,  a  St.  Louis 

est  in  cNerythiug  relating  to  the  construction  of  iad\ .     The)-    liaxe   three   cliildrcn,  William   .V., 

buildings,    and    in    l'S.S!»    was    president    of   the  Ralidi   (i.   and  John  (\. 


3i)2 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  I.OI'IS. 


rUANt-.K,    I-'UICDKUICK  WllJ.IA.M,  SOU  of    Fvail- 

cis  and  Mary  Praiiijf,  was  bom  in  We.stjjlialia, 
Ciennany,  Marcli  ;>1,  ISi's.  Ik-  loccived  his 
early  education  in  the  jirixate  schools  of  his 
native  city,  and  when  twenty-one  years  of  atjc 
came  to  America.  He  arrixed  in  New  York  in 
1H4!I,  and  came  on  direct  to  vSt.  Louis  by  tlie 
canal  route,  and  hinded  in  his  future  city  and 
home  with  only  five  dollars  in  <^old. 

He  at  once  looked  around  for  some  means  of 
earninij  a  li\elihood,  and  obtained  a  position 
with  the  late  S.  R.  liosier  as  office-boy  and 
driver.  This  position  he  retained  for  a  few 
months,  1)ut  then  ga\-e  it  up  and  commenced  to 
learn  the  carpeuter's  trade,  attendiuj^;  night 
school  in  the  meantime.  At  the  end  of  three 
years  he  had  become  a  com])etenl  carpenter. 

In  the  meantime  his  brother,  Casper  Henry, 
had  arrived  from  the  old  country,  where  he  had 
received  a  thorouorh  training  and  apprenticeshij) 
as  a  cabinent-maker.  The  brothers  went  into 
partnershi])  and  started  business  on  their  own 
account.  In  l^."i2thev  erected  a  small  frame 
l)nil(liiig  on  Ivle\-euth  street,  between  Anglerodt 
and  Destrehan  streets,  in  which  tlR-\-  soon 
worked  up  quite  a  valuable  business;  but  their 
factory,  with  a  large  stock  of  manufactured  fur- 
niture, together  with  a  \-aluable  stock  of  fine 
lumber,  was  entireh-  destro}-ed  In-  fire  in  l.S.'id. 

Rut  ^Ir.  F.  W.  Prange  was  not  the  man  to 
be  discouraged  by  this  misfortune,  so  began  work 
at  once,  and  while  his  means  were  small,  his 
credit  was  great,  and  he  erecte<l  a  large  and  com- 
modious brick  factory  with  the  latest  improved 
•machinery  and  with  a  large  private  lumber  yard 
connected, wdiich  occupies  one-half  block,  giving 
emiiloymcut  to  about  seventy-five  skilled  work- 
men. In  isiis  the  IJrenien  .Savings  liauk  was 
organized,  and  .Mr.  Prange  was  made  a  director, 
being  one  of  the  principal  stockholders,  with 
Mr.  Marshall  Brodertou  as  president. 

In  li~!7.S  Mr.  F.  W.  Prange  was  elected  i)resi- 
dent,  and  when  the  bank  was  reincorporated  in 
18>S8  as  the  IJremen  Hank,  Mr.  Prange  was 
re-elected  as  president,  which  ])ositioii  he  .still 
holds.  He  has  contributed  nuich  towards 
establishing  the  bank  on  the  verv  firm  and  sub- 


stantial footing  it  now  enjoxs,  and  it  nows 
carries  a  \ery  large  nund)er  of  very  heavy  ac- 
counts for  wealtlu'  ( iernian- American  business 
and  ])rofessional  men. 

Mr.  Prange  continued  his  acti\e  uuinagemenl 
in  the  inrniluri-  and  cabiui-l  making  business 
until  the  year  INSi',  wIk-u  he  turned  over  his 
interest  to  his  sou,  Louis  Henr\-,  and  his  nephew, 
h'rank,  the  latter  a  son  of  Mr.  C.  H.  Prange,  who 
(lied  in  the  \'ear  1M7'.',  and  since  then  he  has 
devoted  his  entire  time  and  attention  to  his 
banking  l)usiness. 

Mr.  Prauge  married  in  the  }ear  \>y'i'.\  Miss 
Meier,  a  native  of  Westphalia,  Cernuuiy.  He 
has  had  seven  children,  of  whom  two  sons  and 
one  daughter  are  now  li\iug.  The  three  are 
all  grown  u])  and  are  heads  of  families  of  their 
own.  His  eldest  son,  Henry  Louis,  is  now  the 
superintendent  of  the  Prange  F^urniture  Com- 
pau\-  of  this  cit\'.  His  second  son,  John,  is  a 
farmer  near  Mt.  ( )li\e,  Illinois,  and  his  daughter, 
Annie,  is  the  wife  of  IIenr\'  Xaber,  the  well- 
known  lumber  man. 

LrKniXGiiAU.s,  Hkxry,  sou  of  Henry  and 
Mar\-  Luedinghaus,  was  born  in  Westercanjiel, 
(Germany,  Juh    11,    l'S;i.">. 

In  LS;").^,  at  the  age  of  twentv-two,  he  embarked 
for  America,  coming  direct  to  St.  Louis;  in 
ls,")!i  engaged  in  the  wagon  business  by  himself 
until  ISd,'),  and  then  with  his  brother-in-law 
under  the  firm  name  of  Luedinghaus  &  Arens- 
mau,  which  partnership  continued  until  the 
death  of  Mr.  .\rensman  in  LSU.S,  after  which 
he  conducted  the  business  in  his  own  name  up 
to  liSSil,  when,  ujion  the  formation  of  the 
Luedinghaus- F^speuschied,  Manufacturing  Com- 
pau\-  (with  F'red.  Espenschied,  who  had  suc- 
ceeded to  the  business  of  his  father),  he  be- 
came i)resident  of  the  company. 

Ill  ISSli  he  purchased  Mr.  Espenschied's  in- 
terest, and  in  com])an\'  of  his  sons  has  carried 
it  on  e\-er  since.  He  is  at  present  filling  the 
positions  of  lx)th    president  and  treasurer. 

]\Ir.  Luedinghaus  is  a  man  of  firm  business 
ability,  as  is  apth'  demonstrated  in  the  effi- 
cient manner  in   which    the   affairs  of  the  com- 


i-^f^a^u^ 


y^ 


J 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


393 


])an\'  lia\e  hi.-i.-n  so  iii\-arial)l\'  cdikIucU-iI. 
Ill  .\ra\-,  1S.")7,  he  was  united  in  niarria.yje  to 
.Miss  Anna  Aiensman.  T1k-\  lia\e  si.x  cliildrcn, 
Amelia,  Henr\-,  Kninia,  Julia,  William  and 
Otto. 

Coi.i.ixs,  RiuncRT  H. — The  prominent  St. 
Louis  lawyer,  Robert  E.  Collins,  was  born  at 
tlie  villajje  of  Florence,  in  I'ike  count}-,  Illinois, 
January  7,  1<S.")1,  and  is  the  son  of  Mnnroe  R. 
and  ICsther  (  P>aker )  Collins.  He  is  thus  related 
to  the  ])owerfu]  Lin- 
del  1  fauiil\-,  and 
throut^h  such  de- 
scent inherited  real 
estate  and  other 
wealth  which  places 
him  beyond  the  ne- 
cessity of  followiii" 
a  profession  for  a 
li\-elihoo(l;  but  he  is 
actuated  b\-  the  priii- 
ci])le  that  there  is 
work  for  evcr\-  man 
to  do  and  that  there 
is  none  so  unfortu- 
nate as  the  idle,  and 
accordiny;l\-  he  fol- 
lows the  law  from  a 
<j;enuiiu-  lo\'e  for  it, 
a  devotion  which 
has  been  rewarded 
by  a  success  that 
h  a  s  i;  r  e  a  t  I  \'  i  n- 
creased  the  wealth 
of  his  inheritance. 

While  Rol)erl  was  N'ct  an  inlanl  his  ])areuts 
ieiiio\-ed  to  St.  Louis,  .\fter  lie  had  taken  the 
preparatory  courses  at  various  schools  in  this 
cit\  ,  he  was  sent  to  the  celebrated  Washington 
and  Lee  I'lUNersil)  at  Le\iiiL;ton,  X'irtjiiiia,  and 
.graduated  in  1^72.  IK-  immediately  deterniined 
to  adopt  the  law,  and  on  his  return  to  St.  Louis 
iici^aii  his  reading;  in  the  office  of  Hritton  .\. 
I  nil,  alterward  fiuishiui;  at  tin-  St.  Louis  Law 
School.  IK-  was  <;i\en  admission  to  the  bar  in 
1'*^7l',  and    with    James    L.   Carlisle    formed    a 


ROBERT     E.    COLLINS. 


partnership  which  lasted  two  years.  This  was 
followed  by  a  partnership  with  his  old  jire- 
ceptor,  Britton  A.  Hill. 

After  four  years  this  was  also  dissolved  and 
the  present  partnership  formed  with  Dorsev  A 
Jamison,  which  as  a  le<^al  firm  is  now  the  oldest 
in  the  city.  Mr.  Collins  handles  a  general  legal 
business,  but  it  .seems  to  lia\e  been  his  fortune 
during  the  last  eighteen  years  to  have  appeared 
as  counsel  in  a  great  man\-  important  cases. 
(Jne  of    these   in  particular,    which    might    be 

mentioned,  was  the 
case  of  Glasgow  vs. 
P>aker,  which  was  a 
suit  in  ejectment 
brought  b\-  the  pub- 
lic school  comniis- 
sioners  of  St.  Louis, 
who  claimed  title  to 
$3, 000, ()()()  of  land 
located  in  the  West 
Hud.  Mr.  Collins 
bt-canie  counsel  for 
defendants  in  1S.S4, 
but  the  ca.se  liad 
been  pending  since 
1<S.")3.  He  ])ressed 
the  suit  to  a  success- 
ful conclusion  for 
the  defendants 
through  the  Circuit 
Court,  the  Court  of 
.Xpiiealsand  the  Su- 
l)reme  Court  of  the 
I'nited  States. 
Mr.  Collins  was  married  tt)  Miss  Ida  K. 
I'lishop,  of  Haltimore,  Maryland,  in  1.S73. 

Ti-.iciiM.\NN,  CiiAKi.i-:.s  H.,  was  born  at 
Celle,  Haiio\-er,  on  Jul\-  27,  1S;>:^.  His  father, 
Frietlerich  Teiclimanii,  was  a  man  honored  in 
his  native  land,  and  for  forty-eight  \-ears  held 
the  responsible  ]iosition  of  title  inspector  in  one 
of  the  high  courts  of  justice  in  (ierinaiiy.  His 
mother's  maiden  name  was  Christiana  Hole- 
kamp. 

He  was  educated    in  a  pri\-ate  sc1kh)I,    taking 


394 


OLD  AXn  NFAV  ST.   I.OUIS. 


the  colletjiatc  course  at  tlic  university  or  j^ymiia- 
siuni,  which  he  left  in  X^M  to  go  to  Brunswick, 
where  he  expected  to  learn  mercantile  Ijusiness. 

At  tliat  time  tlie  stories  of  the  freedom  and 
fortune  to  he  found  in  America  attracted  liis 
attention,  and  tliat  with  the  testimony  of  friends 
wlio  were  here  or  liad  l>een  lierc,  clinclicd  liis 
determination,  and  lie  accordinijly  severed  his 
connection  witli  his  employers  at  Brunswick  and 
sailed  for  America.  Me  first  set  foot  on  the 
shore  of  America  at  New  York,  in  August  l.s  (;t. 

When  he  arrived  he  had  little  worldly  wealth, 
but  was  full  of  youth,  hope  and  ambition,  and 
immediately  set  about  the  search  for  emplo\- 
ment,  which  he  soon  found  in  a  mercantile 
establishment,  kee])ing  the  books,  doing  office 
work,  etc.  He  held  this  jjosition  about  two 
years,  when  he  again  concluded  to  move  west- 
ward. He  was  engaged  as  book-keeper  by 
Louis  Speck,  who  was  at  that  time  in  the  whole- 
sale notion  business  on  Main  street,  to  accompanv 
him  to  vSt.  Louis,  where  they  arrived  in  the 
summer  of  IS.");).  Young  Teichmanu  at  once 
entered  upon  his  work  as  the  book-keeper  of  the 
firm  of  L.  ,S:  C.  vSpeck  &  Company.  In  X^'i'i  he 
was  offered  a  better  position  b\-  .Augelrodt  & 
Barth,  commission  merchants,  and  acted  as 
salesman  for  them  for  two  \ears,  when,  lieing 
convinced  that  the  best  way  to  get  ahead  in  the 
world  was  as  proprietor  of  some  business,  he, 
in  LS.")?,  in  conjunction  with  .Mr.  .\ndrew  Einst- 
manu,  who  perished  at  the  great  Southern  Hotel 
fire  in  1X77,  established  the  firm  of  Teiclnnaun 
&  Company,  of  which  he  is  now  the  head. 

The  lirm  does  a  general  couimissit)n  business, 
making  the  handling  of  barlev  a  specialtv. 
From  the  beginning  the  firm  has  extended  its 
territory  and  influence,  until  it  has  become  to- 
day one  of  the  foremost  and  most  influential 
firms  in  its  line  in  St.  Louis  or  the  West.  In 
l'S.S2  the  business  liad  expanded  to  such  an 
extent  that  incorporation  became  desirable,  and 
this  step  changed  the  style  of  the  firm  to  the 
Teichmanu  Commission  Companv.  Mr.  Teich- 
manu was  made  the  president  of  the  companv, 
and  has  held  the  ofHce  ever  since. 

Since    isr).'>    Mr.    Teichmanu    has    been     an 


honored  and  influential  member  of  the  Mer- 
chants" l^xchangc.  His  worth  and  executi\e 
talent  lia\e  been  rocogni/i.(l  1)\-  his  fellow-nuui- 
bers,  and  twice  has  been  elected  as  vice-presi- 
dent, and  also  served  two  years  on  the  board  of 
directors,  besides  having  been  at  various  times 
called  lo  ser\-e  on  every  connnittee  pertaining 
to  that  l)o(l\.  On  December  L'l,  l.SSil,  he  was 
nominated  in  caucus  for  jiresidenl,  but  declined 
the  honor  on  account  of  his  contemijlated  tri]) 
to  Ivurope,  his  health  being  im]iaired.  .\11  men 
of  Mr.  Teichmann's  probity,  abilit\'  and  influ- 
ence generally  meet  with  recognition  b\  the 
counnunil\-  in  which  the\-  li\'e,  and  their  names 
and  ser\'ices  are  in  demand  b\-  \-arions  im- 
portant enterprises,  and  Mr.  Teichmanu  has 
not  pro\ed  an  exception,  b'or  cle\en  \-ears  he 
was  president  of  the  United  States  Savings  In- 
stitution, but  resigned  theofiice  in  l>i7r)  to  go  to 
Crcrnuiny.  I'or  twentv-five  ^■ears  Ik-  has  been 
interested  in  the  Jefferson  Insurance  Coni])anv, 
and  has  been  its  vice-president. 

When  the  war  broke  out  in  \^^\\  .Mr.  Teich- 
uiann  was  one  of  the  first  to  enlist  in  the  Second 
I'uiled  States  Reserve  Cor])s,  Colonel  Kallnian 
commanding,  and  he  was  ajipointcd  first  ser- 
geant of  Companv  H;  as  such  with  his  com- 
pany he  joined  the  (leneral  Fremont  expedition 
by  steamboats  for  Birds  Point,  remaining  there 
in  cam])  for  thirty  days.  .\\.  the  end  of  his 
enlistment  for  three  months  he  was  honorably 
discharged.  Later  he  was  sworn  into  the 
I'nited  vStates  service  twice,  to  guard   the  cit\'. 

He  is  considered  one  of  the  benevolent  men 
of  the  cil\-,  and  has  done  much  for  his  less 
fortunate  fellow-men.  He  is  a  member  and 
trustee  of  the  ■Merchants'  Exchange  Benevolent 
Societ\',  and  for  over  five  years  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Mullauphv  Board.  In  social  and 
club  life  as  well  as  in  business  circles  he  is  a 
conspicuous  figure,  and  is  a  member  of  the 
(lermania  Club  as  well  as  the  Liederkranz.  ;\Ir. 
Teichmann's  marriage  took  place  on  September 
'),  IS.') 7,  and  Miss  Emily  Bang,  of  Germany, 
was  the  lady  who  became  his  life  partner.  ( )f 
this  marriage  has  been  born  fi\-e  children,  three 
Ii\-ing;  William  C,  (Jtto  L.  and  Anna. 


lUOGR.  IPir/CU.  APPHNPIX. 


395 


Hkckki.,  Gkorgk  p.,  son  of  Cliarlcs  and 
Kline  (  I'alhnian  )  Hcckcl,  was  liorn  in  St.  Lnnis 
in  tlie  year  LSfxi.  He  was  eclncaled  at  the  pub- 
lic scliools,  and  took  a  course  at  llicjones'  Coni- 
niercial  Collejje.  At  the  as^e  of  fourteen  he  ct)ni- 
nienced  to  learn  the  hardware  business,  reniain- 
injj  a  few  vears  in  the  establishment  of  (\.  A. 
Spanna,i;el,  and  then  securin,^-  a  position  in  the 
wholesale  house  of  Hilt^er  &.  Conipanw  The 
bulk  of  his  trainini^  was,  however,  with  the 
Shaplei.ijh-Cantwell  Hardware  Com])any,  in 
whose  eni]iloy  he 
continued  until  the 
year  bSSS.  Duriuij 
his  loni;  connection 
with  this  house  he 
lilled  several  posi- 
tions, his  inteo^rity 
and  industry  rapidly 
])nshini^  him  to  the 
front.  IK-  was  in 
control  iif  Narioiis 
de])artnKnts  and  ac- 
i|uircd  a  full  iusiulu 
into  the  business  in 
its    minutest    detail. 

In  the  \ear  1 SSS 
he  decided  to  use  the 
small  caj^ital  he  had 
accumulated  out  of 
his  savings  in  estab- 
lishing a  business  on 
his  own  account, 
lie  ace  o  r  (1  i  u  i:;  1  v 
secured  premises  at 
Cass    a\enue    and    iMfteenth 


UEORUB  P.  HUCKEL. 


Twelfth  street,  between  Locust  and  St.  Charles, 
and  is  n<iw  one  of  the  leadiuL;  wholesale  hard- 
ware establishments  of  the  West. 

The  new  building  is  six  stories  high, 
thoroughly  eiiuijiped  for  the  business,  and  in 
ever\-  wa\-  suitable  for  the  purpose.  It  is 
strongly  constructed  and  has  modern  appliances 
of  every  description.  Its  location  was  con- 
demned by  se\-eral  at  the  time  the  ])lans  were 
approved,  but  .Mr.  Heckel  rather  prides  himself 
on  having  been  one  of  the  first  to  recognize  that 

Twelfth  street  is 
destined  to  be  the 
leading  thorough- 
fare of  .St.  Louis.  Its 
exceptional  w  i  d  t  h 
and  its  u  n  i  tj  u  e 
street  railroad 
facilities  are  already 
bringing  it  to  the 
front,  and  the  9b\w- 
]')letion  of  the  new- 
City  Hall,  and  of  the 
stone  bridge  over 
the  railroad  tracks 
will  still  further 
cement  its  hold  on 
the  first  place.  Mr. 
Ileckel  saw  all  this 
in  aiKauce,  and  by 
securing  a  good  loca- 
tion at  the  then  low 
prices,  saved  his 
com  pa  u  y      m  a  n  y 


thousands  of  dollars, 
treet,  where  he  The  same  foresight  has  neeu  freely  exercised  in 
opened  as  (ieorge  P.  Ileckel  ^v:  Company-,  and  the  conduct  of  the  business,  and  the  monthly 
comnu  lux'd  a  wholesale  and  retail  hardware  returns  are  increasing  so  rapidh'  that  the  house 
biisiness.      Ik-    succeeded    bc\-ond    his   expecla-      bids  fair  to  accpiirc  national  fame  before  the  end 


lions  and  soon  touud  the  quarters  too  small  and 
out  of  the  way  for  the  trade  that  he  built  up. 
In  INIKI  the  capital  was  largely  increased  and 
the  firm  was  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the 
.Slate  as  the  Heckel  Hardware  Companv,  with  a 
capital  of  s  1(1(1, ()()().  h  .,t  nuce  moved  into  the 
new  building  erected  for  it  by  .Mr.  L.  C.  Nelson, 
president   of  the    St.  Louis    National    Hank,  on 


of  the  ]iresent  centurx . 

Mr.  Heckel  is  a  Ma.son  and  a  Knight  Templar. 
He  is  also  an  Odd  I'ellow,  and  a  prominent 
nu-niber  of  the  Legion  of  Honor.  His  extensive 
exjierience  as  a  lra\eling  salesman  nuikes  him 
an  important  and  valuable  counselor  of  the 
Travelers'  Protective  .Association  and  also  of  the 
Western  Conimercial  Travelers'  Association,  and 


39G 


oijy  Axn  xi:\v  ST.  i.ouis. 


he  is  interested  in  oilier  well-known  societies. 
He  is  a  man  of  slront;;  convictions  and  <;()od 
presence,  and  impresses  tliose  with  wluini  lie 
comes  in  contact  with  liis  earnestness  and  tinlh- 
fnlness. 

VVhittkmork,  Frkdkuick  CiuRcim.i.. — In 
St.  Louis  business  circles  a  man  youn<;;  in  \ears, 
bnt  with  a  mature  prosperity  lie  has  won,  is  the 
central  fitjiire  t)f  this  brief  history.  .Mtlmui^h 
he  is  not  \et  thirty  he  has  attained  a  de,a;ree  of 
prosperity  that  some  men  strive  an  entire  life- 
time for  and  never  find. 

His  father,  Robert  Klackwell  Wliittemore, 
was  a  native  of  New  York,  and  came  In  St. 
Louis  in  1.S4.").  .-Xt  first  he  en<^a,<j;ed  in  the  whole- 
sale hat  and  fur  business,  at  which  lie  was  \-ery 
successful  for  a  period  of  thirty  )ears.  After 
his  retirement  from  this  line  lie  became  a  cot- 
ton compressor,  and  made  considerable  nione\' 
at  <^e  business  diiiin<4  the  fifteen  years  it  en- 
gaged his  attention.  Me  is  still  actixe  and 
fills  a  useful  position  as  ]iresideni  of  the 
Le\'erini^-  Iiuestment  Compain-.  The  mother's 
maiden  name  was  Kalherine  Lexeriiii,'.  She 
was  a  nati\'e  of  vSprinj^field,  Illinois,  and  came 
to  St.  Louis  with  her  parents  in  1.^4."),  the  same 
year  licr  husband  reached  the  cit\'.  Mer  father 
was  Lawrason  Levering,  of  the  .St.  Louis  Ba<^- 
j);iii<i;  Company,  and  \-ice-president  of  the  I\Ier- 
cliants'  National  Hank. 

Vouuo-  Whittemore  is  a  iiati\e  of  this  city, 
luuiuij  been  ln)rii  here  .\ui;ust  ol,  1S(;l  He 
attended  the  i)ul)lic  and  private  schools  of  the 
city  regularly,  ajijilyiiig  himself  with  industry 
to  his  -Studies  until  he  had  reached  the  age  of 
sixteen,  when  he  left  school  to  accept  a  position 
as  clerk  with  the  St.  Louis  Bagging  Compaii\-. 
He  remained  in  this  jjositioii  seven  years,  or 
until  18»7,  during  that  time  earning  the  esteem 
of  his  employers  and  a  reputation  for  prompt- 
ness, industry  and  penetration. 

Concluding  that  the  only  position  for  an 
ambitious  man  was  in  a  business  of  his  own,  in 
IHiST  he  opened  an  insurance  office  with  Nich- 
olas R.  Wall  as  a  partner,  the  firm  doing  business 
under  the  title  of  Wall  X;  Whiltemore.      .Vs  thus 


constituted  the  firm  is  doing  business  to-dav. 
.\inong  the  coni]ianies  for  which  the  firm  is 
resident  agents,  are  the  ,St.  Lcniis  branch  of  the 
Comnionwealth  Insurance  Company,  of  New 
\'ork;  the  North  River  Insurance  Company,  oi 
New  York;  Reading  Imic  Insurance  Company, 
of  Reading,  Pennsylvania;  Ohio  Fanners'  Insur- 
ance Company,  of  LeRoy,  ()liiu;  the  Fagle  and 
Broad wa\',  of  New  York,  and  the  Citizens,  of 
I'itlsbiugli.  Its  success  has  far  exceeded  the 
exi)ectations  of  its  founders,  and  it  stands  to-day 
as  an  example  of  wdiat  persevereiice,  abilitv  and 
fair  dealing  can  accomplish. 

Besides  his  insurance  interests,  Mr.  Wdiitle- 
more  is  seci"etar\- of  the  St.  Louis  Bagging  Coiii- 
paii\',  and  is  a  director  and  was  one  of  the 
incorporators  of  the  Raiiken  iS;  l-'ritsch  I-'onndry 
and  Machine  Company.  He  was  president  of 
the  .Missouri  I\Iantel  Decorating  Comi)auy  until 
last  Jaunar\-,  when  he  resigned,  and  he  is  at  the 
present  time  the  largest  stntd-cholder. 

Mr.  Wliittemore  is  a  verv  popular  young  man 
and  is  a  leading  member  of  the  University  Club. 
He  is  a  ineniber  of  the  Merchants'  Kxchauge 
also. 

Mr.  Wliittemore  has  a  handsome  and  brilliant 
wifi.-  Ill  whom  he  was  married  November  17, 
LS'.'i'.  She  was  .Miss  IClenore  Lnglesing  of  this 
cit\',  but  fonnerlv  of  Mississippi. 

Rood,  H()K.\cI''.  bjK'.AK,  son  of  Horace  I'nller 
and  Xai;c\'  (  Louden  )  Rnod,  was  born  at  Rice- 
\ille,  Pennsylvania,  Ncnember  4,  is.").").  When 
he  was  still  an  infant  his  parents  moxed  to 
Nokoinis,  Illinois,  \\diere  Horace  was  educated 
in  the  public  schools,  and  sul)se(|uently  assisted 
his  father  in  the  mercantile  and  express  busi- 
ness. He  took  kiiulK-  to,  and  was  successful  in, 
the  transportation  l)usiness,  and  wlu-ii  only 
se\enteen  years  of  age  he  was  given  entire 
charge  of  the  American  Llxpress  Company's 
office  at  Nokomis,  and  for  fi\-e  years  conducted 
the  business  in  a  higlih'  satisfactorx"  and  credit- 
able inauuer. 

In  1S7S  the  com]iany  realized  that  young  Mr. 
Rood's  talents  fitted  him  for  work  in  a  larger 
field  than  Nokomis,  and  accordinLrh-  transferred 


nun.RAi'HiCAi.  .  \ppendix. 


',97 


liiiii  ti)  St.  Louis,  wlieix-  Ik-  fillt-d  \arious  posi-  JoxKS,  William  CrTnnKKT,  one  v>{  tlie  lead- 

ticiiis  lor  llie  coinj)aii\-  niilil  the  year  1S.S4,  wlien  inj^  meinljers  of  the  bar  of  .St.  Louis,  which   is 

he  was  ])roinoted  to  the  agency  for  the  Anicricau  ju.stly  celel)rate(l  throut^liout  the  entire  country 

and  Wells  L'arjjo   S:    Company    Ivxpress,  which  for  the  learnin<);  and   intellectnal   ability  of  it.s 

position  he  has  held  up  to   .\]iril   1,  is;);;,  when  members,  was  born  at  Bowling  Green,  Kentucky, 

lie    retired    to     become    the     jMesident    of    the  Jnly  Ki,  1>!;>1.    In  1X84  his  parents  moved  from 

fasliionable  Hotel  Beers,  and   to  the  business  of  Kentucky  to  Chester,  Illinois,  where  his  father 

which  he  has  since  devoted  his  attention.  jiracticed  medicine  and  surger\-,  occupving  the 

Mr.  Rood  was  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  ablest  front  rank  in  his  profession.    His  father  was  the 

expressmen  in  the  western  country.      His  youth  sou    of    Francis    Slaughter  Jones,  who  was  an 

was  freely  commented  upon  at  the  time  he  was  extensive  planter  and  prominent  citizen  of  Vir- 
ginia, living  at  Cul- 


given  the  manage- 
ment of  affairs  at 
St.  Louis,  and  it  was 
argued  that  so  young 
a  man  could  not  be 
relied  upon  as  head 
of  such  an  imjiortant 
office.  But  while  it 
was  true  that  Mr. 
Rood  was  the  young- 
est uuiu  ever  placed 
in  charge  of  a  metro- 
]3olilan  oflicc,  it  is 
equall\-  true  that  no 
office  was  ever  man- 
aged with  greater 
success,  or  in  a  more 
creditable  manner. 
The  capital  of  the 
two  CO  m  pa  n  i  es 
amounts  to  thirl  \- 
million  dollars,  and 
the  responsibilitv  of 
the  jKJsition  was  very 


HORACU   E.  ROOD. 


])ep]-)er Court  House. 
His  mother's  maid- 
en name  was  Kliza 
R.  Treat,  daughter 
of  Hon.  Samuel 
Treat,  at  one  time 
United  States  Indian 
agent  at  .\rkansas 
Post. 

Judge  Jones  was 
educated  at  McKeu- 
dree  College,  Illi- 
nois, being  a  gradu- 
ate in  the  class  of 
l''^.">i'.  After  gradu- 
ating he  went  to 
I  )Owling(ireen,  Ken- 
tucky, and  read  law 
under  the  direction 
of  Loving  6c  Grider, 
and  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  i  n  1  >^i^',^  . 
.\fter  liis  admission 


great,  but  Mr.  Rood  never  faltered,  and  sue-  to  the  bar  he  practiced  law  at  Cliester,  Illinois,  for 
ceeded  by  his  ability  and  energy  in  increasingthe  a  year.  He  cameto  St.  Louis  Septemlier  I,  l.s.")4, 
yearly  \-olumc  of  business  winning  ad<litional  forming  a  law  partnership  with  William  L.  Sloss, 
respect  from  his  emplo\ers  and  their  patrons.  which  was  dissolved  after  one  year.  He  then 
He  is  still  a  young  man,  very  poi)ular  in  entered  into  partnersliip  witli  the  late  W.  W. 
St.  Louis,  and  with  a  large  n\iuiber  of  friends  Western,  of  Hopkinsville,  Kentucky,  which 
in  Illinois  aiul  throughout  tlu-  West.  .Since  continued  until  li^mi,  wlien  he  formed  a  partner- 
becoming  interested  in  the  Beers,  he  has  shown  sliip  with  the  late  Judge  Charles  F.  Cady,  which 
the  executive  talent  he  ap])lied  to  the  express  was  dissolved  by  nnitual  c<mseut  on  the  breaking 
business,  .ind  has  ]iroved  himsell  able  to  till  tlie  out  of  the  war,  and  on  May  N,  ISi^,  he  enlisted 
place  competently.  lie  married  in  INSi;  Miss  in  defense  of  the  I'nion,  and  was  commissioned 
Josephine  Jesse  Xorlon.  captain   of  Company    I,    I'ourth    I'nited   States 


808 


rv./>  ./.\7'  .\7:ir  s/:  /.or/s. 


Reserve  Corps  (llic  late  15.  (iralz  lirowu's  regi- 
ment), and  took  part  in  tlie  campaigns  in 
Southwest  Missouri.  In  October,  1S()2,  he  was 
appointed  pa>-master  in  tlie  United  States  \'ol- 
unteers,  with  the  rank  of  major,  and  served  in 
this  capacity  until  the  war  ended,  and  was 
mustered  out  of  the  service  November  1 '>,  1  >>(!•'>, 
after  a  continuous  service  in  the  army  of  o\cr 
four  and  one-half  years. 

Immediately  after  coming  home  from  the 
army,  Major  Jones  associated  himself  with 
W\"att  C.  Huffman  in  the  sign  and  steamboat 
painting  business,  which  ])roved  entirely  suc- 
cessful in  a  financial  wa\-,  Init  injured  his  health 
to  such  an  extent  that  he  gave  it  up  and  re- 
sumed the  practice  of  law  in  Jaiuiar\-,  ISIJS,  iu 
partnershi])  with  Charles  ('..  Mauro,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Mauro  &  Jones,  which  lasted 
until  1^71,  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
John  I).  Johnson  (  he  being  the  senior  member 
of  the  firm),  which  continued  until  he  was 
elected  jiulge  of  the  Criminal  Court  of  this  citv, 
in  November,  1-^74.  While  serving  as  judge  of 
this  court  he  tried  some  of  the  most  notable 
and  important  criminal  cases  ever  tried  in  this 
country.  Among  them  were  the  celebrated 
Kring  case,  the  trial  of  McNeary  for  the  nuir- 
der  of  Ida  liuckley,  and  of  the  fi\-e  Sicilians 
for  killing  a  peddler. 

When  Judge  Jones  retired  from  the  bench  in 
December,  1H78,  he  again  resumed  the  practice 
of  law,  this  time  in  partnership  with  Rufus  J. 
Delano.  This  ])artnership  continued  until  1<SS;>, 
after  which  he  practiced  alone  until  the  s])ring 
of  IHi^i),  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his 
son,  James  C,  which  is  still  in  existence,  and 
has  an  extensive  practice  in  all  the  civil  courts. 

Although  devotedly  attached  to  the  cause  of 
the  Union  during  the  late  civil  war,  he  favored 
the  most  liberal  policy  towards  those  wlu) 
had  fought  on  the  other  side,  advocating  their 
enfranchisement  and  the  removal  of  all  disabili- 
ties on  account  of  their  participation  in  the 
rebellion,  and  has  since  been  in  accord  with, 
aiul  an  active  and  consistent  member  of  the 
Democratic  party.  During  the  dark  days  of  that 
party  he  did  not  hesitate  to  advocate  its  cause. 


nor  to  accept  a  nomination  when  it  meant  onlv 
obloquy  and  defeat.  He  was  its  nominee  for 
clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  St.  Louis  county, 
iu  isci;,  and  went  down  in  defeat  with  his 
party.  In  the  presidential  camixiign  of  \XI>S  lie 
was  the  candidate  for  elector  in  what  was  tlun 
the  second  congressional  district,  com]irising 
nine  counties,  and  when  the  election  day  came, 
he  had  gone  over  his  district  three  times,  ad\-o- 
cating  the  election  of  Seymour  and  Hlair. 

Among  the  illustrious  names  to  be  found  upon 
the  rolls  of  the  grand  fraternal  and  bene\-olcnl 
order,  the  Knights  of  Honor,  none  occui>\  a 
higher  ])lace  than  that  of  Judge  William  C. 
Jones.  He  has  been  grand  dictator  of  the 
State,  and  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Lodge  for 
twelve  years,  and  was  chairman  of  the  committee 
that  framed  the  present  constitutions  of  the 
supreme  and  subordinate  lodges,  and  also  chair- 
nuiin  of  the  committee  on  ap])cals  and  griex'ances 
in  the  .Supreme  Lodge,  and  member  of  the  com- 
mittee on  laws. 

Whether  as  soldier,  lawyer,  judge  or  an  every- 
da\-  jn-ivate  citizen.  Judge  Jones  has  invariably 
shown  himself  to  be  the  same  bra\e,  honest, 
just  and  amiable  gentleman,  sympathizing  with 
and  ready  to  fight  the  battles  of  the  poor  and 
lowly,  and  bestowing  upon  all  wlmm  he  nu-ets 
the  same  kindly  greeting. 

He  has  always  taken  an  intelligent  interest 
iu  local  movements  of  importance,  and  is  ahvavs 
(|uick  to  grasp  the  important  ])oints  in  an\- 
question  where  a  difference  of  opinion  is  likeh' 
to  arise  in  commercial  as  well  as  legal  mat- 
ters. 

Judge  Jones  was  married  November  20,  IJSoli, 
to  Miss  ]\Iary  A.  Chester,  of  St.  Louis,  daugh- 
ter of  Joseph  Chester,  of  Chester,  England,  and 
sister  of  the  late  Thomas  C.  Chester,  bv  whom 
he  has  had  seven  children,  four  of  whom  are 
still  living.  The  eldest,  Fanny,  is  now  Mrs. 
\\'alter  B.  Wat.son,  of  this  city;  the  second, 
James  C,  now  his  father's  partner  iu  the  law; 
Julia  (the  wife  of  Joseph  P.  Goodwin),  and 
(riles  Filley,  now  nineteen  years  old,  and  a  ver\- 
promising  student  at  the  Misscuiri  State  Uni- 
versitv. 


luoc.R. ] riiic.il.  .irpi-:\'nix. 


399 


Whst,  Stii.i.max  ArsTix,  son  of  Roherl  and 
C>'iitliia  Ancreliiia  (Smith)  West,  was  boin  at 
Hopkinton,  Massachusetts,  July  24,  184it.  His 
father  was  in  tlic  shoe  business  at  the  time  of 
liis  birtli,  ami  his  early  days  were  si)ent  in  ilie 
\ery  center  of  the  shoe  district  of  Massachusetts, 
where  he  received  a  public  school  education. 
At  sixteen  years  of  age  it  became  necessary  for 
him  to  earn  his  own  li\-clihood,  and  he  secured 
work  in  a  shoe  factory.  He  made  no  attem])t 
to  discover  a  royal  road  to  success,  believing 
that    his   onl\-    ho]ie 

I  a  y  i  n  thoroughl  v 
mastering  e\'ery  de- 
tail of  the  business. 

I I  c  n  c  e  he  c  o  m  - 
menced  at  the  l)ot- 
tom  of  tlic  ladder 
and  worked  his  wav 
steadily  u]i  to  the  to]) 
of  the  tree. 

At  twenty  years  of 
age  he  was  j)romoted 
to  the  head  of  a  fit- 
ting room,  of  which 
he  had  entire  charge. 
He  displaxed  great 
mechanical  talent 
and  inclination,  and 
was  soon  ])laced  in 
charge  of  the  entire 
machinery  of  a  fac- 
tory as  adjuster  and 
machinist.  Ilis  pro- 
motion continued  to 

be  ra]iid  through  the  various  de])artments  of  the 
business,  iuelnding  also  the  designing  of  lasts 
and  ]iatlerns,  in  which  capacity,  being  of  an  in- 
\enlive  turn  of  mind,  he  was  successful  from 
the  \ery    beginning. 

After  gaining  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the 
biisiness  he  came  west  and  settled  at  Racine, 
Wisconsin,  where  he  was  placed  in  charge  of 
the  loseph  .Miller  &:  Com ]Kuiy  factorv.  He  es- 
tablished a  jH-rfect  revolution  in  that  factorv  bv 
introducing  shoe  maeliinery  hitherto  unused 
ami  scarcelv  understood  in  Wisconsin.      He  re- 


.•^Tll. I.MAN  A.  \M:ST. 


ni.iined  with  Miller  &  Comjiany  for  two  vears, 
during  which  time  he  invented  and  patented 
shoe  machinery  which  has  since  de\eloped  into 
great  value  and  general  u.se.  His  success  was 
so  marked,  and  his  patents  pro\-ed  of  such  great 
\'alue,  that  he  soon  received  a  verv  flatterino- 
offer  from  the  Carver  Cotton  Gin  Companv,  of 
Boston,  to  make  and  sell  his  machines  in  con- 
nection with  that  house. 

As  a  result,  Mr.  We.st,  in  spite  of  the  protest 
of   his    principals,   terminated    his    connections 

with  .Mr.  .Miller  and 
became  connected 
with  the  Boston 
house  as  traveling 
salesnuiu.  His  suc- 
cess was  marked  and 
he  earned  a  high  re})- 
utation  by  the  able 
manner  in  which  he 
not  only  placed 
machinery,  but  .set  it 
u])  for  his  \-arious 
customers.  While 
traxeling  for  theCar- 
\'er  Cotton  (lin  Com- 
])any  he  made  the 
accpuiintance  of  the 
]i  ri  nci  pals  of  the 
Hamilton-  Brown 
Shoe  Com])any,of 
vSt.  Louis,  and  in  the 
year  l.ss4  he  ac- 
cepted the  position 
of  manager  and  su- 
perintendent of  their  manufacturing  department. 
His  connection  with  that  company  was  of  a 
most  satisfactory  character,  and  the  services  he 
rendered  it  were  of  acknowle<lged  \alue,  doub- 
ling their  sales  in  less  than  five  \ears.  He  was 
superintendent  of  construction  of  the  magnifi- 
cent factory  at  Twenty-first  street  and  Lucas 
])lace,  wliich  is  acknowledged  to  be  one  of  the 
finest  and  best  e(|ni]iped  iilants  in  the  United 
Stales. 

Mr.  West  terminated  his  connection  with  the 
above  company  in  llic  fall  of    l.S'.M,  and  in  Peb- 


4(K) 


Ol.n  ANP  NI-:\V  Sl\  LOL'/S. 


riiary,  l.sii^,  Ik-  organized  the  Wcst-Jiuiip  Shoe 
Coiiipaiu'.  whicli  was  incorporated  witli  a  capital 
of  S^7'>,(MM),  Mr.  West  bectJinintj  its  president. 
The  factory  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Se\"cnlli 
street  and  Lucas  avenue,  and  occupies  si.\  sj)a- 
cioiis  floors,  and  as  a  result  of  the  practical 
kni)\vlc(l:L;e  and  iu!;euuit\'  of  its  ]->r()jcclors  is 
fitted  up  in  the  l)est  possible  manner,  and  is 
equipped  with  the  latest  and  most  ajiproxed 
inachiner\'  for  the  manufacture  of  the  finest 
grades  of  shoes,  with  a  cai)acit\  of  2,()(i()  pairs 
of  shoes  per  day.  The  comjKun-  started  out 
with  bright  prospects,  and  owing  to  the  long 
experience  of  the  se\eral  active  members  the 
future  presents  the  most  jiromising  aspect.  .\1- 
I'eady  it  has  built  u])  a  magnificent  trade  in  the 
South  and  West,  thus  adding  to  the  long  list  of 
firms  that  have  made  St.  Louis  a  name  as  a  shoe 
manufacturing  center,  a  concern  of  enterprise 
and  energy,  of  which  she  may  well  l)e  proud. 

It  is  of  interest  to  add,  in  this  ])articular,  that 
the  shoe  manufacturing  industry  has  exi^erieuced 
a  notable  change  since  .Mr.  West  located  here  in 
1884-.  At  that  time  Ijut  little  regard  was  paid 
to  the  sanitar\-  coiidilious  and  cleanliness  of  fac- 
tories. During  the  earlv  i)ait  of  his  career  in 
St.  Louis  he  succeeded  in  making  the  factory  of 
which  he  was  manager  such  a  model  one,  that 
the  best  and  most  skilled  operatives  sought 
employment  with  him,  and  in  order  to  compete 
the  other  factories  were  coni])elled  to  remodel 
after  his  exam])le.  In  consetiueuce  of  these  im- 
portant im])rovements  St.  Louis  has  come  to  the 
front,  and  is  known  b\'  all  bnvers  to  ha\e  the 
cleanest,  liest  eqnipjied  and  managed  factories  of 
any  city  in  the  Union. 

Mr.  West  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  vShoe 
Manufacturers' and  Jobbers'  Association.  He  is 
a  member  of  the  .St.  George's  Church,  of  which 
he  is  junior  warden. 

He  married,  in  the  year  bSSd,  Miss  Anna 
Bowers,  of  Peru,  Illinois.  During  his  eight 
years'  residence  in  St.  Louis,  Air.  West  has 
made  for  himself  a  large  circle  of  friends  among 
the  best  people  of  the  city,  and  is  regarded  as 
one  of  the  responsible  and  enterprising  men  of 
this  section  of  the  countr\-. 


RrciiARnsox,  Jack  I'liri.i.rp.s,  son  of  Dr. 
Willie  ('..  and  Klizabelh  .\nn  (I'hilliiis)  Rich- 
ardson, is  of  English  and  Irish  blood,  and  was 
l)oru  in  Laurdale,  Alabama,  May.'),  is;;i.  IK- 
was  raised  on  a  farm  and  received  all  the  edu- 
cational benefits  a  backwoods  district  could 
afford,  which  usually  aumuuled  to  about  three 
uu>nths'  schooling  within  the  \ear.  When  nine- 
teen years  of  age  he  left  the  farm  and  went  to 
.\berdeen,  Mississippi,  then  the  leading  town 
in  the  Toud^igbee  Valley,  where  an  older  brother 
was  already  located,  and  secured  a  ])()silion  as 
clerk  in  a  general  store. 

In  IN.'i.'i  Ik-  went  to  M<ibi]i-,  .\lal)ania,  then  an 
im])ortant  sea-jjort,  and  accepted  a  place  whicli 
had  been  offered  him  in  the  wholesale  and  re- 
tail hardware  house  of  H.  L.  Reynolds  &  Coni- 
])any.  Here  he  gave  such  exceptional  service 
and  showed  such  rare  mercantile  abilit\-  that 
within  fi\-e  \-ears  he  was  made  a  ])artner  of  the 
firm.  The  ei\il  war  breaking  (jut  almul  that 
time  proved  most  disastrous  to  the  concern. 
The  senior  member  of  the  firm  having  gone 
Xorth  on  business,  was  arrested  and  paroled, 
and  the  four  clerks  of  the  house  having  entered 
the  service,  the  entire  weight  of  the  business 
fell  upon  young  Richardson.  He  closed  out 
the  business  as  soon  as  he  could  and  entered 
the  Confederate  army,  and  was  under  Major 
Myers,  chief  ordnance  officer  of  the  frulf  De- 
]iartmeut,  when  the  war  ended. 

WIku  hostilities  had  ceased  he  returned  to 
Mobile,  and  enga.ged  in  the  wholesale  grocerv 
business  until  l!^()7,  in  which  vear  he  came  to 
St.  Louis.  Here  he  embarked  in  the  general 
commission  business,  which  he  conducted  up  to 
187(),  or  until  he  instituted  the  present  business 
of  dealing  in  lumber.  Mr.  Richardson  is  known 
everywhere  for  his  work  in  benevolent  and 
fraternal  circles,  his  membership  in  orders  of 
this  kind  being  altogether  too  extended  to  be 
treated  of  in  a  biography  of  this  brief  character. 
He  is  a  high  degree  Mason  and  has  held  the 
highest  offices  of  nearly  all  the  orders  with 
which  he  is  connected. 

He  is  a  member  and  an  ex-president  of  the 
Mercantile  Clul)   and    is  a  member  of   the    Mer- 


nrocR.  ir/f/c.  //,  appiindix. 


401 


chants'  Iv\clian.i,H-,  tlif  I.uiiiberiiicu's  Excliange 
and  the  I''nrnituri.-  Jioard  l{.\cliano;e.  His  inter- 
est in  edncational  matters  is  no  less  prononnced 
than  lias  heen  his  work  in  fraternal  circles,  and 
he  was  elected  to  the  Jioard  of  Kdncation,  as  a 
tlircctor-at-larj^e  in  1><87,  by  a  majority  of  4, ();)(). 
DnrinjT;  his  four  years'  term  he  did  exceptional 
work  for  the  cause  of  education. 

In    l.s.")7  Mr.  Richardson  was  married  to  Miss 
l^nuisa    Meek,    of    Aberdeen,    Mississij^pi,    who 
died   in    1)S(!;{,   leaving  two  sons,   who  are   now 
successful     business 
men.     In     l.S(!4    he 
was    again    married 
to     Mi.ss     Mary     C. 
Stodder,   of   Mobile, 
.Mabania,   of   which 
union  three  sons  and 
li\e  dauglUc-rs  ha\'e 
been    born,   all    now 
liviu":  but  one. 


Wvi:tii,  H  a  k  k  V 
r.i.s.si'.LL. — A  native 
of  vSt.I^ouis,  and  one 
among  her  \oung 
nun  of  promise,  is 
Harry  Hissel!  Wy- 
ith,who  is  at  present 
idcntitR-d  with  llu' 
luniber  interests,  lie 
was  born  in  this  cit\ 
June  li,  ISilT,  and 
has,  therefore,  only 
passed  the  quarter 
ccnturv   mark.      His 


HARRV    B.    WYETH. 


mollu-r,  l''.li/abelh  (  Rode- 
ha\er  )  W'yeth,  was  born  in  .St.  Louis  connlv, 
and  his  lather,  j.  II.  W'velh,  a  native  of  New 
\'ork,  was  for  a  number  of  years  after  coming 
to  St.  Louis  the  jiurchasing  agent  of  the  Mis- 
.souri  Pacific  Railroad,  but  is  now  engaged  in 
tlie  railwa\-  supply  business  in  this  cit\'.  l'\)r 
six  years  Noung  Harr\-  attended  the  ]iublic 
schools  of  St.  Louis,  and  linn  entered  ihe  .Man- 
ual Training  School  Deixulmeut  of  Washington 
l'ui\ersity,  graduating  from  that  iuslitntion  in 
i  >!>'  1 ,  being  a  member  of  the  second  class  turned 


out  after  the  organization  t)f  the  school.  I'.ut 
he  did  not  consider  that  this  com])leted  his  edu- 
cation, and  from  the  vSt.  Louis  Training  School 
he  went  to  .\nn  .Vrlior,  .Michigan.  He  entered 
the  celebrated  Universitx-  of  Michigan,  where 
he  studied  for  nearly  four  years,  but  was 
conijielled  to  leave  without  graduating,  owing 
to  ill  health. 

Ivcaving  college,  Mr.  Wyeth  spent  a  year 
traveling  through  various  parts  of  the  United 
States,  looking  for  a  business  location  and  for 

the  ])urpose  of  be- 
coming acquainted 
with  the  ])e()])le  and 
country  in  which  he 
lived.  He  finally 
settled  at  Hazel- 
hurst,  Wisconsin, 
where  he  took  a 
position  with  the 
Yawkey  &  Iac  Lum- 
ber Company,  hav- 
ing determined  to 
learn  the  luniber 
business.  Ik-  was 
alwa\s  thorough- 
going by  nature,  and 
he  was  under  the 
cou\-icliou  that  that 
which  was  worth  do- 
ing at  all  was  worth 
doing  well;  and  thus 
for  one  \ear  he  did 
the  hardest  kind  of 
work  in  the  woods, 
yards  and  mills  of  the  coinpanx-,  doing  all  the 
regular  labor  of  a  roustabout  and  learuiugever\' 
feature  of  the  lousiness.  At  the  end  of  the  year 
he  was  ready  to  enter  the  business  for  himself 
in  a  small  way,  and  he  accordingly  journeyed 
into  the  pineries  of  Arkansas.  After  about  a 
month  spent  in  ]irosi)ecting,  he  purchased  a 
small  interest  in  the  .\.  J.  Xeinie>er  Lumber 
Couiii.uu',  with  headquarters  at  Waldo,  .\rkaii- 
sas,  where  he  was  made  manager  in  the  office 
and  was  soon  advanced  to  the  place  of  secretary, 
which  he  held  until   he  severed   his  connection 


26 


OLD  AND  NI-.  W  ST.   I.Ol  IS. 


willi  llio  rnin  in  llic  spriuj;  of  IS'.M.  Ik-  was 
iiuhiccd  to  make  lliis  chanjje  1)\  tlic  opporliini- 
tifs  lu-  was  certain  St.  Limis  luld  mil  lo  a  <(nicl<. 
and  ener.i,a-lic  iunibtr  dealer.  C<>inin,<j  lo  tliis 
citv,  willi  the  small  capital  which  had  rapidly 
increased  since  he  had  come  sonth,  he  orijanixeil 
the  Southern  I.nniher  Comiiany,  and  thus  em- 
barked in  l)usiness  for  himself.  The  coniiiany 
does  an  extensive  and  profitable  wholesale  and 
commission  business  in  yellow  ]iine  and  hard 
woods,  and  in  1N!I2  Mr.  Wyeth  bouo;lil  ont  his 
backers  and  incorporated  his  business  as  the 
Wyeth  Lumber  Company. 

Althoujjli  a  very  yountj  man  he  has  the  rare 
facultv  of  profitina:  by  everv  experience,  and  he 
now  knows  more  of  the  lumber  business  than 
man\-  other  men  who  ha\e  been  in  it  all  their 
lives.  He  has  inspired  confidence  in  many  men 
of  shrewd  jud<,Mnent  and  ])osscssedof  lartje  means, 
and  as  a  con.sequence  now  has  extensixe  cajiital 
back  of  him,  and  will  undoubtedly  nuike  his 
uuirk  in  the  commercial  world. 

While  altendiii.t;  colles^e  at  .\un  .\rbor,  Michi- 
<j;an,  .Mr.  \\'\i.'tli  met  and  fell  in  lo\'e  with  Miss 
Daisv  Richardson,  one  of  the  belles  of  the  uni- 
versity town,  and  the  dau<i;hter  of  Noah  Rich- 
ardson, one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Saojiuaw 
\'alle\',  a  |irominent  citizen  and  at  the  time  ol 
his  death  a  banker  of  b'ast  vSa.y;inaw.  .\s  the 
love  was  nnUnal  the  marria.ije  took  place  im- 
mediatelv  after  the  xount^  student's  graduation. 

W.\'r.S().\,  H()\v.\Ri),  was  born  Ma\-  K'>,  b'^")"), 
at  Mount  \'ernon,  Jefferson  count\',  Illinois. 
His  parents  were  Joel  K.  and  vSarah  Watson. 
His  father  was  also  a  native  of  Mount  \'ern(Hi, 
and  was  in  many  res]iects  a  remarkable  man. 
He  was  six  feet  two  in  height,  and  allhough 
afflicted  from  the  age  of  nine  years  with  paral- 
ysis, he  was  a  diligent  and  thorough  student, 
and  after  securing  a  good  education  he  engaged 
in  teaching  school,  after  which  he  began  in  the 
mercantile  business,  his  house  becoming  one  of 
the  most  imporlant  in  that  section,  and  held  its 
rank  as  such  for  many  years.  It  is  well  remem- 
bered by  the  older  hou.ses  of  vSt.  Louis.  He 
raised  and  educated  a  large  family,  and  during 


his  life  succeeded  in  accumulating  a  great  deal 
of  ])ropertv.  His  mother  died  when  he  was 
four  years  old. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  attended  the  public 
schools  at  Mount  \'ernon  until  he  was  sixteen 
xears  old,  \\  lu  u  he  eiUered  the  emplo\-  of  a 
builder  and  contractor,  and  learned  the  carpen- 
ter's trade,  .\fter  working  at  that  business  for 
about  four  years,  he  went  into  the  lumber  busi- 
ness at  Helle  Rive,  Illinois,  with  a  jiarlner, 
who,  at  the  expiration  (jf  six  months,  al)scoiuled 
with  the  partnership  funds.  .Mr.  Watson  then 
entered  a  dr\-  goods  store  at  .Mount  Wruou  and 
held  the  ])ositiou  of  clerk  there  and  at  Rush- 
ville  until  LSi^n,  when  he  was  employed  as  a 
book-keeper  b\-  a  lumber  firm  at  Mount  \'eruou. 
While  in  Mount  \'ernon  he  ran  as  an  independ- 
ent candidate  for  tax  collector,  and  was  elected 
b\-  a  large  niajoritN-  and  held  the  olfice  one  year, 
declining  a  second  term.  He  secured  a  jiosition 
with  Cnl.  jack  P.  Richardson,  of  St.  Louis,  in 
I'SSL  He  remained  with  Colonel  Richardson 
until  bss.'),  and  then  went  into  the  wholesale  lum- 
ber commission  business  on  his  own  account,  with 
offices  in  the  McLean  Building,  but  soon  found 
the  offices  too  small  for  his  increasing  business, 
and  moved  to  ln'i  Walnut  street,  and  later  to 
his  present  location  in  the  Temple  Building, 
where  he  has  large,  well-lighted  and  well-venti- 
lated offices,  which  afford  ample  facilites  for  his 
large  and  increasing  trade,  which  is  mostl\' 
local.  He  deals  principallx-  in  hard  wood  lum- 
ber, and  his  sales  during  the  year  iJ^iH  auuiunted 
to  twenl\-  millions  five  hundred  thousand  feet. 
Mr.  Watson  was  one  of  the  principal  organizers 
of  the  .Si.  Louis  IvUmber  H.xchange,  which  was 
organized  in  March,  1889,  and  incor])orated 
under  the  laws  of  Missouri  on  June  '27,  ISHI, 
and  he  was  made  a  director  on  its  organization. 
.\l  their  annual  meeting,  January  1,  lHit2,  he 
was  elected  treasurer.  Mr.  Wat.son,  while  a 
\oung  man,  is  thorough,  and  devotes  his  whole 
time  to  business,  and  has  ne\er  taken  any  active 
interest  in  ]X)Iitics. 

Mr.  Watson  has  two  brothers,  both  of  whom 
are  men  of  ])romineuce  in  their  re'specti\e  juo- 
fessions.      Walter  Watson  is  a  well-known  i)h\- 


niOCRAPinCAL  APPENPfX. 


403 


siciati,    and    .\ll)cil,    tlic    xoiin.i^esl    hrotlier,    is 
niakiiii^-  a  lirilliaul  record  as  an  attorney. 

Mr.  Watson  was  married  some  years  aj;o  to 
Mrs.  I'annic  H.  I-'isk,  of  this  city.  They  have 
one  child  —  Martlia,  si.x  years  old. 

Wknzlick,  .\i.hHRT. — One  of  the  youn.t,^  men 
of  marked  energv  and  al)ilit\'  in  the  title  ex- 
amination and  investment  field,  is  the  snbject  of 
this  brief  hioy;ra])h\-,  who  was  born  in  this  city 
Ajiril  'I'l,  I'Siio,  his  parents  being  Peter  and 
Mar\-  (  \'ol(lrat  h  ) 
W'enzlick.  He  was 
gi\'en  an  clementarv 
edncation  in  both 
the  pnblic  and  ]iri- 
\ate  scliools  of  the 
cit\-,  and  finished  by 
attendance  at  the 
I'ohtechnic  Insli- 
tnte,  where  he  was  a 
]iu])il  at  different 
]ieri(i(Is  trcnn  the 
time  he  was  tweJN'e 
until  he  was  twentx' 
years  of  age.  In 
I'SHi  he  entered  the 
office  of  his  brother, 
who  had  that  \-ear 
established  the  title 
examination  and  in- 
\estment  bnsi  n  ess 
now  conducted  b\ 
Albert.  I'roni  issd 
to  l.SS.")  he  was  con- 
nected with  the  title  examination 
.M.    1!.    (  )"Reill\-,    but    in    tin-    \car 


ALBERT  WE^ZLICK. 


business  of 
last     uauied 

formed  a  partnership  witli  his  l)rother,  which 
existed  until  it  was  di.s.solved  by  the  hitter's 
death,  about  three  years  ago.  .Since  then  Mr. 
W'en/.lick  has  conducted  the  busiui-ss  alcme,  and 
has  been  most  successful. 

One  of  tlie  s]x-cialties  of  this  business  is  the 
iu\i>tigati()U  and  verification  of  titles  by  an 
original  and  mo>t  ingeniously  devised  system. 
Other  features  of  the  Inisiness  are  tlic  drafting 
of    conveyances,     mortgages,    wills,     ])ower-of- 


attorne\-,  and  legal  docnmenls  of  all  kind*;, 
as  well  as  investments  of  capital.  .Mr.  Wenz- 
lick  has  business  relations  with  no  less  than 
sixteen  building  and  loan  a.ssociations.  Of  the 
Columbia,  the  Columbia  No.  2  and  the  .Ameri- 
can Investment  Building  and  Loan  associations, 
he  is  at  the  present  time  the  secretarv.  He  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Legion  of  Honor.  On 
April  17,  ISSS,  Mr.  Wenzlick  was  married  to 
Miss  Kmnia  Schall,  daughter  of  a  prominent 
dry  goods  merchant  of  Ea.st  St.  Louis.     Thev 

have   one   child   liv- 
ing— .\lbert,  Jr. 

Rkvxoi.d.s,  Tho.s. 
Fr.wk,  is  a  living 
illu.stration  of  what 
push  and  energy, 
combined  with  good 
business  ability,  will 
accomplish.  He  was 
born  at  Keoknk, 
Iowa,  Januar\-  :^i>, 
INiiO.  His  parents 
were  Charles  C.  and 
Katlierine  (  ;\rcKer- 
naii )  Reynolds.  His 
earl\-  education  was 
acquired  in  the  pnb- 
lic schools,  later  at 
the  Christian  Broth- 
ers" College  and  the 
vSt.  Louis  Univer- 
sity, then  located  at 
Ninth  and  Christy 
(  now  Lucas  )  a\cuue.  At  the  carl\-  age  of  four- 
teen years  he  went  to  work  in  the  dry  goods 
store  of  1!.  I..  Ilardon,  then  one  of  the  leading 
establishments  of  St.  I.,ouis,  remaining  there 
two  years,  when,  not  finding  the  life  of  a  dry 
goods  clerk  exactly  congenial,  he  entered  the 
carriage  factor)-  of  McCall  ^  Haase,  where  he 
remained  four  years. 

In  the  meantime  he  had  thorougliK'  mastered 
the  art  of  carriage  building  in  all  its  details,  and 
feeling  a  desire  to  see  something  of  the  great 
world  outside  of  St.  Louis  and  vicinit}',  he  bade 


•1(14 


OLD  ANH  i\i:W  ST.   HU'IS. 


adieu  to  llic  "Mound  City,"  and  for  five  years 
he  tried  Ciiieiiniati,  Cliicaj^o,  ]'>alliinore.  IMiila- 
delphia,  New  Vorkt  and  oilier  eastern  cities. 
Then,  finally  l)cconiin<;  convinced  that  vSt.  Ivt)uis 
offered  about  as  ,<^ot)d  a  field  for  an  enterprisiuL; 
man  as  could  be  foun<l,  he  returned  in  I'^^'i, 
going  to  work  at  his  trade.  In  November  l-S-SN, 
he  eu.gaged  in  the  carriage  business  with  W.  C. 
Creveling,  at  2il()(;  St.  Charles  street,  where  he 
is  at  present  located. 

Mr.  Rcvnolds  is  still  enjoying  a  life  of  single 
lilesseduess,  and  resides  at  home  with  his 
parents. 

.SiMi'.sox,  Wii.i.i.VM  SiMKOx,  son  of  Joseph 
and  I{li/.a  (Ilaslett)  Simpson,  was  born  on  a 
farm  in  Hamilton  count\-,  <  )liio,  Jnl\-  1,  ISIT. 
His  father  was  a  native  of  luigland,  Inil  had 
emigrated  to  Montreal,  and  sid)sequently  toOliio, 
prior  to  the  birth  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 
When  William  vS.  was  but  three  years  of  age  his 
father  died,  and  Mrs.  vSimpson  moved  to  vSl. 
Louis  in  the  year  ls.').s.  It  was  in  the  public 
schools  of  this  city  that  Mr.  Simpson's  educa- 
tion was  received,  remaining  at  his  liooks  until 
eighteen  years  of  age. 

()n  leaving  school  he  secured  a  position  as 
clerk  in  the  quartermaster's  department  of  the 
Federal  army  stationed  in  this  city,  and  after  a 
short  term  of  service  there  he  entered  the  box 
factorv  of  Henrv  B.  Pooruiau  as  book-keeper 
and  clerk,  remaining  with  this  firm  until  l>i7<i. 
In  that  year  he  became  book-keeper  and  gcner.il 
office  assistant  for  Mr.  J.  H.  Pocock,  manufact- 
urer of  tin  cans,  remaining  with  this  firm  until 
I'STo,  w-hen  he  resigned  and  in  connection  with 
Mr.  J.  Christoiiher  organized  the  firm  of  Chris- 
topher &  Company,  which  was  the  beginning  of 
the  present  Chri.stopher  &  Simp.sou  .\rchitect- 
nral  Iron  and  Foundry  Company.  ]\Ir.  Simpson 
took  an  active  part  in  the  organization  and 
work  of  the  foundry,  which  made  a  specialty  of 
architectural  iron  work.  It  has  been  entrusted 
with  the  iron  work  of  a  large  number  of  ver\- 
important  buildings  and  establishments,  includ- 
ing the  IJank  of  Commerce,  the  Mercantile 
Library,  the  ( )dd   Fellows'    Hall,    the   new  Citv 


Hall,  the  Hell  Telephone  Huilding,  the  new 
Polytechnic  P.nilding,  the  Rialto  Ihiilding,  and 
the  New    Planters'  House. 

in  issi'  iIk-  fiiiH  was  incorjxiratcd  as  the 
Clnisbiplier  X:  ,Sini])son  Architectural  Iron  and 
I'oundrv  Company,  with  Mi.  J.  CliristDpher  as 
jiresident,  Mr.  Wm.  A.  Rutter  as  vice-]iresideiit, 
and  Mr.  Wm.  S.  Sim]ison  as  secretary  and  treas- 
urer. During  the  ten  years  which  have  elai^sed 
since  the  incoriioration,  the  firm  has  iiiciii-  than 
doubled  its  business,  and  imw  occupies  the 
large  fimiidr\-  on  Park  a\'eiiiR-  between  h'ighth 
and  Ninth  streets. 

Mr.  .Simpson  is  a  member  of  the  Legion  of 
Honor;  is  president  of  the  Park  Piuilding  .\sso- 
ciations,  Nos.  1  and  '1\  a  member  of  the  Mer- 
chants' Ivxchauge;  a  member  of  the  Piuilders' 
Ivxchange  of  lwent\'  years'  standing  and  two 
years  as  director;  and  is  a  large  stockholder  in  the 
Jaccard  Watch  and  Jewelry  Co.,  of  Kansas  City. 

He  married  in  the  \ear  liSTii  Miss  Helle 
Buckingham,  of  ,St.  Louis.  He  has  four  chil- 
dren, William  .S.,  Jr.,  Lillie  Belle,  (irace^NIildred 
and  Kdgar  Ralph. 

Mr.  Siiuiison  is  an  influential  church  woikir, 
is  a  incnil)er  of  the  Park  Presl)\teriau  Church, 
and  for  the  past  five  vears  has  acted  as  one  of 
its  elders.  He  is  regarded  as  a  man  of  jiro- 
gressive  ideas  and  of  public  spirit. 

BoH.Mi'lK,  Jitirx  (r.,  principal  and  sole  ]irn- 
])rietor  of  the  well  known  Jones'  Coniniercial 
College,  on  Broadway,  between  ( )Iive  antl  Locust 
streets,  is  the  sou  of  Henry  and  Margaret  (  Kind- 
leiii )  liohmer,  and  was  born  on  a  farm  near 
Richfountain,  in  the  month  of  November,  .\.  I). 
IS.'iO.  He  was  educated  near  his  home  until 
seventeen  \earsof  age,  when,  aspiring  to  acquire 
a  sound  business  training,  he  came  to  ,St.  Louis 
and  took  a  complete  course  in  the  Jones'  Com- 
mercial College,  which  even  at  that  date  was 
regarded  as  one  of  the  most  reliable  commercial 
colleges  in  the  United  States.  His  ability 
attracted  the  attention  of  the  jirincipal,  and 
owing  to  his  extraordiuar\-  skill  in  penmanship 
he  was  ap])ointed  assistant  writing  teacher.  He 
held  this  position  for  a  short  space  of  time,  when 


lUi  n,R.  irilli  Al.  .  IPPENDIX. 


405 


1k'  was  ])n)mi)tc'd  to  jirnfcssor  and  princijxd  in  mark  of  appreciation  or  more  sterlinc^  jiraise 
tile  ])ennianslii])  department.  conid  scarcely  be  given  an  institntion  than  this, 

Dnring  a  course  of  years  Mr.  Bohnier  gave  and  it  has  become  a  rule  in  St.  Louis  to  accept 
instructions  in  the  art  of  business  writing  in  a  an  applicant  for  a  position  without  close  exam- 
most  successful  manner  to  an  ever-increasing  ination  into  liis  abilit\",  jirovided  he  has  a 
nnm1)er  of  jnipils,  and  his  reputation  becauie  diploma  from  the  college  of  which  all  St.  Louis- 
\ery  popular  throughout  the  couutr)-.      He  was      ans  are  .so  justly  j^roud. 

finally  aj)pointed  general   superintendent  of  the  Mr.  Bohmer,    who   is    a   modest,    unassuming 

college,  and  after  holding  this  position  for  a  man,  does  not  claim  entire  credit  for  the  mag- 
number  of  years  he  then,  in  the  }ear  18>S(),  nificent  success  of  the  college,  but  it  is  uni- 
became  associate  principal  with  Professor  Jona-      versally  known   that  he  brought  with   him  into 

the  in.stitution  many 
modern  ideas  which 
ha\e  proved  of  in- 
estimable value  to  it 
and  to  the  student. 
( )ne  dejiartment  he 
has  added  has  re- 
sulted in  many  hun- 
dreds of  young  men 
and  young  ladies  se- 
curing lucrative  po- 
sitions. This  is  the 
short-hand  and  tvpe- 
writiug  department. 
Mr.  Bohmer  teaches 
the  Isaac  I'itmansys- 
tem ,  because  the  gen- 
eral verdict  of  the 
ICnglish -speaking 
world  is  in  fa\or  of 
this  st\le  of  the 
winged  art  of  writ- 
ing, b'ull  tuition  is 
also  given  in  the  use 
of  all  the  leading  and  jiopular  t\pc-writing  ma- 
chines, thus  enabling  the  grailuates  to  operate 
any  t\pe-writer  that  may  be  placed  before  them, 
which  is  considered  an  ab.solute  e.s.sential  to  the 


than  Jones,  founder 
of  the  college,  ac- 
<|niring  an  interest 
in  the  Inisiness.  In 
I-ebruary,l.S.S4,  Pro- 
fessor Jones  died,  and 
Mr.  Bohnier,  thesur- 
\i\'ing  ])artner,  be- 
came sole  proprietor 
of  the  school. 

So  many  hundred 
of  the  leading  men 
in  St.  Louis  owe 
much  of  their  suc- 
cess in  life  to  the 
t  ra  i  H  i  ii  g  t  li  ey  re- 
ceived in  Jones' 
Commercial  College, 
that  it  would  be  sn- 
perlhinns  to  enlarge 
al  an\-  length  on  the 
\alue  of  the  institu- 
tion to  the  citv  and 
tlie  countrx'  sur- 
rounding it.  The  axcrage  number  of  students 
attending  in  the  various  de])artments  of  this 
institution  is  abo\e  (wv  huudreil ;  and  while  a 
majoritx  of  these  are  St.  Louisans,  f|uitea  number 
eome  in  from  distant  cities  and  countries  in  make-up  of  the  efficient  stenographer.  Grad- 
order  to  ]>artake  of  the  training  and  other  nates  of  the  short-hand  and  t\pe-writing  depart- 
advantages  offered.  It  is  an  inti-re.sting  feature  ments  are  constantly  in  demand  In  the  leading 
of  the  colle>>e,  and  one  which  redounds  "reath'  business  and  i>rofessional  men  of  the  cit\"  and 
to  the  credit  of  those  at  its  head,  that  quite  a  country,  who  apply  to  the  college  for  competent 
large  percentage  of  the  students  are  .sons  of  men  stenographers.  Mr.  Bohmer  has  perfected  ar- 
who  tluuisehes  took  a  course  at  the  college  rangemcnts  with  the  Western  I'nion  Telegraph 
twint\  ,  thirt\    and  fortv   \ears  ago.      .\    higher      Ctniijiau)-   wherebv    students  are   made   efficient 


JOHN  (i.  h<)h.mi:k. 


-I()('> 


OLD  AND  Nl-'AV  ST.   I.OriS. 


tele<j;raphers;  and  so  complete  is  tlie  Uiilion  in 
this  rejjard  that  students  who  ha\e  lieen  lhiou,!:;h 
a  tli<)n)ny;h  course  are  readily  accejited  for  posi- 
tions in  the  leading  railroad  and  tele,L;ra])li 
companies. 

In  other  respects  Mr.  liohnier  has  aikletl  to  the 
hi<jh  reputation  of  the  collei^e,  and  he  is  regarded 
as  one  of  the  best  informed  and  most  successful 
teachers  to  be  found  in  the  West,  as  well  as  one 
of  the  dee])est  thinkers  and  ablest  .scholars  of 
the  countr\-.  His  ad\ice  on  (piestions  of  tuition 
is  frequentK'  sou<i;ht,  and  he  is  an  acknowledged 
authority  on  all  matters  bearing  upon  commer- 
cial training  and  mercantile  education. 

vSci'DDKK,  J.\.MK.S  WiiiTK,  SOU  of  John  .\.  and 
Mar\-  (White)  Scudder,  was  born  in  St.  I^onis, 
Juh-  ■">,  b'^til.  He  was  educated  in  the  ])ublii' 
schools,  and  then  went  tlirough  a  course  of 
study  at  Washington  Universit\-.  When  tweut\ 
years  of  age  he  commenced  what  has  alread\' 
proved  a  most  successful  commercial  career  as 
clerk  with  .Messrs.  Kink  &;  Xasse,  wholesale 
grocers,  with  whom  he  remained  one  year. 

On  attaining  his  uiajoritN'  he  accepted  a  posi- 
tion with  Garneau,  Scudder  &  Company,  and  on 
that  firm  going  out  of  business,  he  became  secre- 
tary of  the  Kraft-Holmes  (xrocery  Companv,  fill- 
ing that  position  for  six  \-ears,  during  the  latter 
portion  of  which  much  of  the  acti\'e  management 
fell  into  his  hands.  W'hen  the  firm  decided  to 
retire,  he  ])urchased  the  stock  and  good-will 
and  established  the  firm  of  James  W.  Sciulder  X: 
.  Company. 

The  new  firm  has  onl\-  been  in  existence  for 
lour  years,  but  the  business  alreadx'  shows  a 
very  large  increase,  and  ])ros]iects  for  the  future 
are  bright  in  the  extreme.  Mr.  Scudder  is  but 
thirty-three  years  of  age,  but  he  has  made  the 
best  possi1)le  use  of  the  last  ten  years,  aiul  is  in 
consecinence  a  \ery  competent  business  man. 
He  has  associated  with  him  in  partnershij), 
Messrs.  George  Miltenberger,  H.  H.  Downuian 
and  Henry  Reiuhart,  nuiking  the  firm  a  \er\- 
strong  and  capable  one. 

Mr.  Scudder  married  on  February  l.s,  IMH, 
Mi.ss  Harriet'   MeKinle\  ,  of  this  citv. 


Goi.D.M.w,  J.\Ki-:  I).,  son  of  Demascus  and 
.\nua  (  Meyer)  Goldman,  was  born  in  Germany, 
.\]>ril  2t;,  IH-l.").  He  recei\ed  a  public  school 
education  in  his  nati\e  land,  and  when  lilteen 
\ears  of  age  lie  came  to  .Vmerica,  where  he 
secured  a  position  as  clerk  in  the  general  mer- 
chandise house  of  .Mexer  I>rolhers,  Xew  \'ork. 
Then  went  south  and  joined  the  Southern  army 
for  four  \ears,  under  General  iiragg.  .\t  the 
close  of  tlie  war,  in  l^i;.'),  Mi.  Goldman  mo\ed 
to  Arkansas,  where  he  estal)lislK-d  himsell  in  the 
merchandise  business,  among  his  old  comrades 
of  the  armv.  I-'or  ten  years  he  renuiiued  in 
Arkansas,  and  built  up  a  \aluable  connection. 
In  IST.'i,  however,  he  decided  to  go  into  business 
in  a  metro])()litau  center,  and  mo\-ing  to  St. 
Louis  he  o])ened  the  house  of  Adler,  (roldman 
i\;  Conipaiu',  which  was  ineorporated  in  the  year 
iss.s. 

.Mr.  Goldman  has  a  general  merchandise  busi- 
ness at  Maiden,  Missouri,  and  also  at  Dardauelle, 
Arkansas.  He  is  also  a  jiartner  of  Jarrett  i!v  Coui- 
pau\-,  of  Mariaiui,  .Ai'kansas,  as  well  as  president 
of  the  (rokhuanS:  Levy  Laud  Company,  at  Dun- 
can, Missouri.  'Phe  .Adler-(  rDldman  house  had 
a  i)rauch  at  .Xew  Orleans  for  nine  \-ears,  and 
the  combined  firms  have  a  record  for  luunug 
one  of  the  largest  connections  in  the  railed 
States. 

I)es])ite  his  numerous  commercial  duties,  Mr. 
Crohhuan  has  been  ju'essed  into  other  service. 
In  the  year  L'^''^!  he  was  appointed  ])resident  of 
the  .St.  Louis  Cotton  I^xchauge,  and  is  ntjw  a 
director.  He  was  one  of  the  first  directors  of  the 
Cotton  P>elt  Route,  in\-estiug  money  to  foster 
tile  enlerjirise.  Few  men  ha\e  done  more  to 
make  the  ICxchange  a  practical  success,  and  he 
is  consulted  on  every  emergency,  with  utmost 
confidence  in  his  decision.  He  is  also  director 
and  stockholder  in  the  St.  Louis  Cotton  Com- 
jness  Company. 

Mr.  Groldman  married,  in  January,  l.sso,  Miss 
.Sarah  Hirsch,  of  L>ates\-ille,  Arkansas,  and  has 
four  children, .\lvin,  May,  Florence  and  Hortense. 
He  is  one  of  the  substantial  commercial  men  of 
.St.  Louis,  and  has  unbounded  faith  in  the  future 
of  the  citv  in  which  he  has  made  his  home. 


IU( iCRAPIin  .U.  APPENDIX. 


407 


RoBixsoN,  I',.  C,  was  Ixirn  at  .Mar\\illo, 
Union  connlN',  ( )lii(i,  in  l^J.'^.  Ilis  ])arents, 
William  M.  and  Hannah  H.  (Crawford)  Robin- 
son, wert-  anions^-  those  stnrd\-  ]iioneers  who 
])nsh(.-d  np  tlu-  line  of  ci\ilization  from  the 
Allciihanies     westward     l)e\'ond     the-     Rockies. 


lR-ld_  it    nntil    he    secnred    a   situation  as  clerk 
in  a  grocery  store,  a  few  months  later. 

In  1S7()  he  went  into  the  grocery  business  for 
himself  at  Thayer,  Kansas.  There  he  also 
bought  a  tract  of  land  for  ?4()0  and  sold  it  for 
$-^00,   but   in    bS7;i    his    establishment   was    de- 


The   elder   Ro])iuson  was   born    in    1S(),S,  a  day      stroyed   by   fire,   the   loss  being  total.      Despite 

this  o\-erwhelming  disaster  the  owner  ^veut 
cheerfulh-  l(.)  work  to  retrieve  his  fortune,  and 
in  I'SiSO  he  was  able  to  sell  a  lumberyard  wliich 
he  had  acquired   and   his  stock  of  groceries  and 

hardware  at  a  good 
price  and  connected 
h  i  m  self  with  the 
lumber  firm  of  S.  .\. 
Brown  &  Company, 
of  Chicago,  t  li  e  n 
o  pe  r  a  t  i  n  g  about 
seventy-five  yards  in 
Kansas  and  Western 
Missouri.  Mr.  Rob- 
inson had  charge  of 
twenty-five  of  these 
yards,  with  head- 
quarters at  ( )ttawa. 
In  l.S.s;t  he  dis- 
posed of  his  interest 
in  the  above  firm, 
and  in  January, 
l><iiO,  came  to  St. 
Louis.  He  at  once 
purchased  the  lum- 
ber yard  of  G.  H. 
Hockenkamp,  on 
Monroe  street.     Im- 


wlien  that  s])ot  was  considered  at  the  extreme 
western  frontier  ot  cix'ilization.  The  Indians 
roamed  through  the  wilderness  thereabout  in 
pursuit  of  the  game  which  had  not  then  fled 
before  the  destruct- 
ive w  bite  ui  a  u. 
Amidst  such  scenes 
the  father  of  K.  C. 
Robinson  i)assed  his 
bo\hood,  the  play- 
mates of  his  child- 
lumd  and  the  eom- 
panions  of  his  youth 
being  Indians,  some 
of  whom  afterward 
became  distin- 
guished as  warriors 
and  chiefs.  The  old 
gentleman,  who  is 
still  living  in  excel- 
lent healtli.  at  the 
ad\anced  a  g  e  o  f 
eig]it\-five,  has  al- 
wa\s  contended  that 
the  American  In- 
dian has  l)eeu  more 
sinned  against  than 
sinninij;. 


E.  C.  ROBIN.^ON. 


The  sidjjeet  of  this  sketch  was  the  youngest  mediately  he  made  further  investments  in  lum- 
ber, establishing  \ards  on  I-'astou  a\'euue  and 
King's  Highway,  this  eily,  and  at  (  )llawa,  Kan- 
sas, and  .Madison,  Illinois.  His  trade  is  grow- 
ing rapiilK',  in  the  inanipulalion  and  increase  of 
which  the  same  energy  and  business  sagacity 
that    marked   his  earlier   business   \-entures    are 


of  se\en  children,  and  up  to  his  eighteenth  vear 
I'ujoved  those  t-dueational  advantages  offered  b\' 
liis  uati\e  place,  which  usually  consisted  of  six 
months"  schooling  in  the  \ear.  When  twenty 
\  ears  of  age  he  left  the  paternal  roof  to  go  to 
Kansas,  locatiny  at  (  Utawa.      Wlun  he  reached 


this    destination    his    total    assets  aniouuted   to  ]>laiuly  discernible. 

eight   dollars,  which   to   him   meant,    instead   of  Me  is  still  ;i  comparatively  young  man,  in  the 

despair  and   discourageuu  lit ,  that    he  had  to  go  enjoyment    of    xigin'ous    health,    anil    an    acti\e 

to  work.      Taking  the  first  thing  that  offered,  a  worker,  who  never  tires  of    "  standing   >ip    for 

]iosition  t)f  general  utilitN'  man   in   a  bakerv,  lie  St.  Louis"  and  singing  its  praises. 


40,S 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.   I.Ol^IS. 


I'oiT,  Frkdkkick  \V. — Frederick  W.  ImhU, 
the  successful  claim  and  pension  attorne>-,  was 
born  October  ;50,  l.S.)>i,  in  the  little  town  of 
Meissen,  near  IJuckeburg,  Germany.  His 
mother  was  vSophia  (  S]Kuinuth  )  Font,  and  his 
father,  Frederick  Wilhelm,  was  the  village 
blacksmith  of  the  little  town  of  Meissen.  His 
parents  were  llirift\'  and  economical,  and  fully 
comprehendinti  the  benefits  a  jjood  education 
confers,  kept  the  boy  in  steady  attendance  at 
the  school  of  his  native  villasje,  which  he  kit  at 
the  age  of  fifteen  to  go  out  in  the  world  and 
seek  his  fortune.  vSailing  for  America,  his 
journey  found  an  ending  at  New  Palestine, 
Indiana,  where  an  uncle  li\-ed,  and  with  whom 
he  made  his  home.  There  he  continued  his 
studies  until  he  determined  to  become  altogether 
independent,  and  engaged  himself  to  a  car- 
penter to  learn  the  trade.  After  his  apprentice- 
ship was  com])leted  he  worked  at  his  trade  for 
awhile,  but  asj)iring  to  a  higher  calling  and  a 
better  education,  he  temporarily  laid  aside  his 
saw  and  plane  to  enter  Franklin  Academy, 
Indiana.  This  was  in  ISa;!,  and  he  attended 
school  in  winter  and  returned  to  his  carpenter 
work  in  svimmer,  until  the  spring  of  ISiil, 
which  pro\-ed  a  momentous  epoch  in  his  life,  as 
it  did  in  the  lives  of  thousands  of  other  Ameri- 
cans. 

He  was  filled  with  an  intense  patriotism  for 
his  adopted  country's  cause,  and  at  the  very 
beginning  of  tiie  war,  or  in  April,  l-Sfil,  enli.sted 
at  Indianapolis  as  a  i)rivate  in  Coni])auy  I, 
Seventh  Indiana  Infantry.  The  regiment  ])artic- 
ipated  in  the  battles  of  Philippi,  Laurel  Hill, 
and  Carrick  I-'ort,  all  in  West  Virginia,  but  as 
the  men  had  only  enlisted  for  three  months,  in 
August  they  were  ordered  back  to  Indianapolis 
and  mustered  out.  But  young  Fotit  had  enlisted 
in  the  beginning  with  determined  and  patriotic 
motives,  which  were  not  in  the  least  abated  bv 
the  service  he  had  seen,  and  he  accordinglv  at 
once  re-enlisted  in  an  artillerv  reeiment.  The 
latter  was  broken  up  by  internal  dissensions, 
but  each  battery  entered  the  service  as  an  inde- 
pendent organization. 

In  January,  l.siL',  Mr.  Pout  was  made  orderlv 


sergeant  of  the  P^ifteenth  Indiana  Independent 
Battery,  and  in  August  of  the  same  year  won 
promotion  to  a  second  lieulenanc\'  for  gallant 
service.  In  Januarv,  l^'^iil,  he  was  made  first 
lieutenant,  and  after  that  time  was  almost  con- 
tinuously in  command  of  the  battery,  which  saw 
almost  constant  fighting  under  Generals  McClel- 
land, Miles,  Purnsidcs,  .Sclmfield,  .Sherman  and 
Co.\;  and  it  ma\'  be  mentioned  incidentally  that 
it  was  one  of  Lieutenant  b'ont's  gnus  that  threw 
the  first  shell  into  Atlanta.  In  June,  b'^ti."),  the 
lieutenant  and  his  battery  were  mustered  out 
at  Indianapolis,  its  commander  having  served 
from  the  first  to  the  last  month  of  the  entire 
war. 

Not  having  seen  his  parents  for  almost  a 
dozen  years,  soon  after  the  declaration  of  jx-acc 
he  determined  to  \-isil  them,  and  sailed  for  the 
fatherland.  He  remained  there  but  a  short 
time,  but  long  enough  to  form  a  tender  attach- 
ment for  Miss  Mathilda  C.  P.randt,  the  daughter 
of  his  old  school-master,  who  was  a  child  four 
years  old  when  he  left  home.  The  young  lady 
reciprocated,  and  in  IStii;  came  to  New  York, 
and  on  August  27th,  in  that  city,  they  were 
married. 

After  the  honeymoon  the  young  couple  went 
to  Indianapolis,  where  Mr.  P'ont,  with  others, 
became  interested  in  the  glass  manufacturing 
business,  their  plant  being  at  that  time  the  first 
and  only  one  in  the  West.  After  a  number  of 
years  he  severed  his  connection  with  the  glass 
com[ianv,  and  subsequcnth'  engaged  in  various 
commercial  enterprises,  meeting  with  success  in 
some  and  reverses  in  others.  In  PSSl  he  came 
to  St.  Louis,  and  for  seven  years  was  considered 
by  the  Missouri  (jlass  Company  one  of  its  most 
valuable  traveling  salesmen.  He  resigned  be- 
cause the  work  kept  him  too  much  away  from 
home.  .Surveying  the  field  after  his  resignation, 
he  decided  to  go  into  the  claim  and  pension 
business.  He  fitted  him.self  therefor,  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  before  the  governmental  depart- 
ments at  Washington,  and  is  now  at  the  head  of 
one  of  the  most  extensive  and  successful  pension 
and  claim  businesses  in  the  West.  In  addition  to 
his  large   practice    he   has,  of  late   years,  given 


^/A-.i^/"^-^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


409 


considerable  attention  to  hnildiii^,  and  in  tlic 
conrsi-  of  llu'  last  three  years  lias  enriched  the 
city  of  St.  Lonis  with  some  of  the  finest  and 
most  modern  residences  to  be  seen  in  the  western 
part  of  the  city. 


as  a  solicitor  for  the  ^[ntual  Life,  of  New  York. 

b'or  seven  years   he  worked   industricMish-   in 

this  capacity,     or    nntil  his    superiors  became 


aware  that  his  knowledge  of  the  insurance  busi- 
ness and  his  devotion  to  their  interests  entitled 
him  to  promoti(jn.  He  was  made  sui)erintend- 
Bakkr,  Jamks  EroKXK,  son  of  Joseph  and  ent  of  agencies,  an  office  he  administered  for 
Alma  (  Hendricks)  Baker,  was  born  in  LaSalle  two  years,  or  until  the  vear  1S<S9,  when  he  asso- 
county,  Illinois,  .May  1,  isf7.  He  was  edu-  ciated  himself  with  the  .Messrs.  Sherman  and 
cated  in  tlie  common  schools  of  his  native  Joseph  E.  Baker,  under  the  firm  name  of  Sher- 
county,  and  subsequently  received  his  collegiate      man,    .Son   &    Baker,    in   the  general   insurance 


training  at  Kno.x 
College,  Galesbnrg, 
Illinois,  graduating 
in  the  class  of  IJ^T^. 
He  immediately 
started  out  in  the 
world  to  earn  his  liv- 
ing, and  in  llie  fall 
of  the  same  year  lie 
left  school  found 
himself  at  .St.  Paul, 
Minnesota,  where  he 
secured  a  situation 
with  the  St.  I'aul 
Harvester  Works.  In 
this  jiositioii  lu-  e.\- 
ecnted  his  work  so 
faithfully,  and  did 
his  duty  so  well,  that 
in  about  two  \ears 
after  he  reached  .St. 
P. ml  he  so  fa\'(n'abK' 
iiu]  iressed  the  whole- 
sale grocery  firm   of 


agency  business. 
In  June,  I.SJt2,this 
firm  was  succeeded 
by  James  E.  and  Jo- 
seph E.  Baker,  under 
the  style  of  Baker 
Bros.  The  firm  holds 
the  general  agency 
for  the  Mutual  Life 
Insurance  Companv, 
of  New  York,  and 
the  agency  is  one  of 
the  most  inipt)rtaut 
in  the  gift  of  the 
company,  its  terri- 
tory covering  Mis- 
souri, Oklahoma  and 
Indian  Territory,  a 
section  that  ct)ntains 
more  patrons  of  the 
M  utual  Li  fe  than 
au\-  other  life  insur- 


JAHES    E.  BAKKR. 


ance     concern     can 
boast.     Mr.  Baker  is 

Xewell  iS:  Harrison,  in  the  neighboring  city  of  considered  one  of  the  most  expert  and  best  jiosted 
Minnea])olis  that  they  offered  him  employment  life  insurance  men  in  .St.  Louis.  He  has  forced 
as  traveling  salesinau.  his   way   to   the   front    with   very    little    outside 

He  remained  with  this  lumsc  a  year,  and  was  a.ssistance,  and  with  nothing  but  his  pluck  and 
a  very  successful  salesman,  but  he  had  reached  energy  to  a.ssist  liim,  and  is  now  regarded  as 
the  conclusion  that  .St.  Louis  offered  exceptional  not  only  an  insurance  expert,  but  also  as  an 
opiiorlnnities  to  a  young   man,  and    he  accmd-      exceptionally  valuable  citizen  and  general  worker 


ingly  left  the  firm  and  came  to  this  city  in  l.S7.">. 
He  at  once  accepted  a  position  as  solicitor  for 
the  M\uual  lieuefit  .\ssociation,  of  Newark,  New 
Jersey,  at  which  work  he  continued  until  the 
year  IHSd,  when   he  accepted   a  better  position 


for  good. 

He  was  married  May,  D^Tti,  to  Miss  Frances 
Riley,  of  Rome,  New  York.  Mrs.  Baker  died 
.\ugust  ."),  I'S.si,  leaving  three  children — Maud, 
I  Unix   v..  and  (icorsre  S. 


41(1 


OLD  Axn  xiAV  ST.  i.oris. 


I)ri-:\v,  Fraxcis  a.,  tlic  third  son  of  William 
Heiii"\-  Drew,  of  Lisiimrc,  \\'alcift)r(l  ccnuilx  , 
Iielaiul,  was  horn  Jiuk-  7,  1>>IS.  Ho,  willi  his 
l)rolh(.-rs,  was  c<hK-alC(l  \i\  a  pri\ale  Uilor  until 
the  former  was  fifteen  years  of  aj^e,  when  he  was 
sent  to  the  colles^e  of  the  Trappist  Monks,  at 
Monnl  Melleray,  remaining;  there  as  a  pu])il 
until  he  was  seventeen.  In  order  to  coni]:)lete 
his  studies  lie  was  sent  to  the  Catholic  Uni- 
versity of  Ireland,  and  whilst  there  determined 
to  take  u])  the  studx'  of  medicine.  Successfully 
passiuij;  the  examination  for  entrance,  he  was 
jjiveu  the  benefit  of  lectures  at  the  University 
School  of  .Medicine,  and  for  hosi)ital  jiractice 
attended  the  Mercer  Street,  IMater  Misericordia 
and  St.  Vincent  hospitals.  He  had  as  fellow- 
students  at  this  time  many  nren  who  afterward 
rose  to  dislincliim  as  mend)ers  of  the  Parlia- 
mentary party  of  Ireland,  such  as  John  and 
William  Dillon,  ( )'Connor,  Fottrel  and  Dawson, 
and  also  Henrx  D'.\rc\-,  who  became  a  pronii- 
nent  member  of  the  vSt.  Louis  bar. 

Dnriniij  the  Fenian  excitement  of  l.S(;7_i;s, 
Mr.  Drew,  with  other  students  of  the  uni\ersii\  , 
was  suspected  with  l)einL;  in  s\  nipalln  with  the 
movement,  and  not  wishins^  to  incur  the  dis- 
pleasure of  the  aiuhorities,  he  determined  to 
leave  his  uati\'e  land.  lieintj  informed  that  the 
position  of  house  suri^eon  in  a  hospital  at  Lima, 
Peru,  was  at  the  disjiosal  of  the  famous  Dr. 
Stapleton,  of  Dublin,  he  made  application  for 
the  ])lace,  but  on  aix'ount  of  his  \oulli  the 
petition  was  not  j^rauted,  and  this  operated  to 
fix  his  determination  to  <^()  to  New  York,  to 
which  cit\  his  frieiul  and  fellow-student,  Henry 
I)'Arc\  ,  shortK'  tollowed  him.  Remainim;-  in 
New  York  only  a  short  time,  he  came  on  to  .St. 
Louis,  where  he  settled,  and  after  uuderiJuinL; 
all  the  disappointnunls  wliiili  new  arri\als 
generally  exjierience,  he  t>ot  a  position  as  book- 
keeper in  a  paint,  oil  and  jjla.ss  hou.se. 

There,  by  application  and  hard  work,  he 
learned  enoui^h  of  the  glass  business  to  warrant 
him  in  startinsj;  independently  for  himself,  and 
with  the  aid  of  his  friends  he  secured  the  agency 
for  one  of  the  oldest  plate  and  window  glass  im- 
porting   houses   in    Xew    \'ork,  combining  with 


this  the  agency  for  a  foreign  encaustic  tile  com- 
])an\  ,  and  opening  an  office  in  the  Insurance 
Puilding,  at  l'"ifth  and  (  )li\-e,  laid  the  foundation 
ol  his  jiresent  business.  l''inding  his  business 
growing,  he,  at  the  end  of  the  first  year,  opened 
a  store  on  .Sixth  street,  between  St.  Charles  and 
Locust,  where  Ik-  rem, lined  four  \'ears  and  then 
mo\ed  to  Seventh  and  St.  Charles  streets. 
There  he  remained  twehe  years,  or  until,  to 
meet  till-  reeiuirements  of  the  enlarged  business, 
a  nio\e  became  necessary  to  the  pn-seut  splen- 
did building  at  Twelfth  and  .St.  Charles  streets. 
The  firm  is  incorporated  under  the  st\le  of  the 
F.  .\.  Drew  (llass  Com])any,  with  .Mr.  Drew  as 
its  president. 

Mr.  Drew  issociall\-  inclined,  and  is  a  member 
of  the  University,  Mercantile  and  Marcpiette 
clubs;  he  is  a  director  of  the  Mercdiauts'  Na- 
tional liauk,  is  a  director  of  the  Mercantile 
Library  .Vssociatiou,  and  is  also  treasurer  of  the 
Catholic  Orphans'  Board. 

Though  his  father  was  a  Protestant  uj)  to  the 
time  of  his  marriage,  and  although  he  never 
completeh'  severed  his  connection  with  that 
church,  he  allowed  the  mother,  who  was  a 
member  of  the  Catholic  church,  to  bring  up  all 
the  children  in  that  faith;  consec|uenlly ,  Mr. 
Drew  has  been  and  is  now  a  Catholic.  Although 
his  \'ie\vs  are  not  of  the  extreme  sort,  he  sub- 
scribes to  the  political  princi])les  of  tlu-  Repub- 
lican part\'. 

(  )u  .September  '1,  bST'J,  he  was  married  to 
iMuma  L.  Harnett,  second  daughter  of  (ieorge  I. 
liaruett  b\-  his  first  wife,  who  was  a  daughter  of 
Ivdwiu  LiAvis,  surgeon  in  the  Ro\  al  Na\'\'  of 
(ireat  Hritaiu  and  Ireland,  and  who  at  the  time 
of  his  nuirriage  was  in  active  service  on  board 
Her  .Majestx 's  .Shi|) /:"w///(V/4'.  Mr.  Drew  is  the 
father  of  elexen  children,  seven  girls  and  lour 
bo\s,  all  of  whom,  with  the  exce])tion  of  one, 
who  died  recentl\',  are  Ii\ing. 

Owing  to  his  university  training  he  is  a  nuiu 
of  liberal  education,  which  has  been  polished  1>\- 
extended  travels  throughout  this  country  and 
F^nrope.  He  is  still  quite  a  student  and  takes 
a  great  interest  in  all  intellectual  and  literary 
(luestions. 


V;A^ 


^^l^xyUi 


niocRAriiK  ■.  //,  APi'i-.A-nrx. 


411 


vScHXKLLK,  Ai'cu'ST  H.,  SDiiof  Cliristoplicr  M. 
and  Margaret  Klizaljftli  (  IC\i-rsniaini  )  vScliucllc, 
was  born  near  Davtoii,  Ohio,  December  ii^ 
1X;J!).  His  parents  ino\-ed  to  vSt.  Louis  when  he 
was  four  years  of  a.ije.  Until  lie  was  twelve  he 
attended  a  private  school,  after  which  he  studied 
at  the  Jefferson  Public  .School  for  two  years. 

He  coninienccd  work  with  Mr.  Alexander 
Riddle  in  tin-  biinber  business  in  \>^'i'.\.  \'(iuiil; 
Mr.  vSchnelle  reuuiinecl  with  him  for  four  years, 
during  which  time  he  acquired  much  valuable 
knowledge  concern- 
ingthe  business.  He 
then  resigned  his 
])osition  and  went 
ihrough  a  business 
course  at  Jones' 
Commercial  College, 
after  which  he  ac- 
ce])ted  a  position 
with  Mr.  James  I). 
lAonartl,  who  trans- 
acted a  large  lumber 
l)usiness  under  the 
supervision  of  Mr. 
Schnelle,  who  had 
full  charge  t)f  the 
business  at  the  time, 
lie  remained  with 
M  r.  L  eon  a  rd  for 
ilexi-u  \ears,  during 
\\hi(di  liuu-  Ik-  was 
entrusted  with  the 
manageuieut  df  the 
business,  and  when 
in  1  Sd.S  hi-  (K-cided  tn  start  in  business  for  himself, 
tlu-ic  was  uutliiug  in  conut-ction  with  the  Inmlier 
bnsiniss  th.it  was  worth  knowing  that  w.is  a 
.sealed  book  to  Mr.  .Schnelle,  who  had  over 
fifteen  years  c.\i)erieiice  in  the  lumber  trade. 

.\ssociatinghimself  with  Mr.  Charles  I-'.  (Juerl, 
thcN  i>nrchasrd  tlu-  Wilkinson-Itrvau  lumber 
x.ird  on  the  northwest  corner  of  lughlh  and 
Mnllauphy  streets,  where  the  new  firm  carried 
on  business  tor  a  short  time  and  thru  moved  to  a 
more  cou\  ruiciU  locuiouon  Main  and  Destre- 
lian    streets.       hi    1 SS 1    tile    business    became    so 


Al'OUST  M.  SCMNHI.l.i;. 


large  that  it  was  decided  to  incorporate  a  com- 
])any  under  the  laws  cjf  the  .State.  The  new 
corporation  was  named  the  vSchnelle  &  Ouerl 
Lumber  Company,  with  Mr.  .Schnelle  as  presi- 
dent and  Mr.  Ouerl  as  treasurer.  The  business 
ha\'iug  entirel)-  outgrown  its  quarters,  it  ui()\ed 
to  the  present  connnodious  premises  occupied 
by  it  on  the  corner  of  Main  aiul  Angelica  streets. 
Mr.  vSchnelle's  career  has  been  a  ver\-  jjros- 
perous  one.  The  firm  of  which  he  is  president 
is  now  carrying  o\\  a   \cry  extensive  and  profit- 

ab  le  lumber  bu  si- 
ness,  with  connec- 
tions at  very  distant 
points,  besides  a  lo- 
cal trade  of  great 
magnitiule.  He  has 
made  his  wa\-  in  the 
world  b\-  industr\- 
and  b\-  attending 
strictly  to  his  own 
affairs.  He  has  been 
repeatedly  urged  to 
enter  ]X)litical  life 
and  run  for  office, 
but  he  has  steadily 
refused  andhasne\'er 
taken  an\'  ])art  in 
municipal  govern- 
ment. 

In  the  vear  IN 71 
Mr.  Schnelle  mar- 
ried .Miss  Sophia  L. 
Crothers,  of  Natch- 
ez, Mississippi.  The 
H-en  blessed  with  four  children — 
ir.,    William   C,    .\gues    Iv,    and 


union    lias 
.\ngn>t    11., 
Roweiia  C. 


Maui'in,  John  Iuwin,  was  ho\\\  Wax  :J4, 
b'<l''^,  in  .St.  Louis,  Misst)uri.  nis]>arents  were 
William  and  l^'raiices  (  Irwin  i  Martin.  lie 
attended  the  public  schools  until  he  was  lour- 
tei'U  \ears  olil,  and  then  worked  for  his  father 
in  the  drayage  business,  keeping  books  and 
su])eriutending  tlu-  business,  and  not  hesitating, 
when  it  w.is  necessar\-,  to   dri\e  a  dra\-  himself. 


412 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OlflS. 


He  tliLii  litld  llie  position  of  sliii)i>iii<;  clerk  and 
salosiiiau  for  the  coniniissioii  house  of  TIk-oiIoio 
Kli'iuscliniidt  X:  Coni])aiiv;  was  then  tni])lo\cd 
as  salesman  l)y  T.  A.  Anderson  X:  Company, 
commission  merchants,  and  tlicn  as  salesman 
for  (ieory;e  Hain   i!t  C\)mpany  for  several  \ears. 

Dnrinj^  the  \ears  of  lS7;)-74,  he  was  in  the 
y;rain,  commission  and  aijricullural  implement 
business  on  liis  own  account.  He  soon  l)nilt  up 
an  extensi\e  business,  and  at  the  St.  Louis  Fair 
of  l<S7.'i  was  awarded  the  second  premium  for 
the  lar_sTest  display  of  agricultural  implements 
in  the  United  States.  In  187;")  he  failed  in  busi- 
ness on  account  of  having  extended  credit  to 
the  farmers  of  Missouri  and  Kansas,  who  were 
unable  to  meet  their  debts  because  of  the  de- 
struction of  their  crops  by  the  grasshoppers. 
He  refused  to  take  advantage  of  the  bankruptcy 
law,  turned  everything  o\-er  to  his  creditors  and 
retired  from  business. 

He  then  read  law  in  the  office  of  R.  S.  McDon- 
ald. During  this  lime  he  aided  in  forming  the 
Missouri  Artificial  .Stone  and  Paving  Conipan\ , 
of  which  R.  S.  McDonald  was  president;  Hon. 
Nicholas  M.  Bell  was  secretary  and  treasurer, 
and  Mr.  Martin  was  sujjerintendent  and  busi- 
ness manager.  This  company  filled  many  large 
contracts  for  pa\ing  the  streets. 

In  isyc  Mr.  Martin  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
by  the  judges  of  the  St.  Louis  Circuit  Court, 
Judge  Lindley  presiding.  In  1879  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  practice  before  the  United  States  Su- 
preme Court,  on  motion  of  Hon.  Montgomer\- 
Rlair. 

Since  that  time  .Mr.  Martin  has  given  almost 
his  entire  time  and  attention  to  the  practice  of 
law,  his  business  being  largely  the  defense  in 
criminal  cases.  In  this  branch  of  the  law  he 
has  won  a  high  reputation,  having  been  engaged 
in  many  of  the  most  notable  and  important 
cases  that  have  been  tried  in  this  citv,  among 
which  were  the  Chinese  Highbinder  cases, 
the    Milton    Xeal    and    IMa.xwell-Preller   cases. 

In  I'S.SJt  Mr.  Martin  formed  a  partnership 
with  Mr.  Simon  S.  Bass,  later  Mr.  Carr  joining 
the  firm,  which  is  one  of  the  most  successfnl  in 
this  citv  of  strong  firms  and  able  lawvers. 


Although  an  acti\e  business  man  before 
entering  the  legal  profession,  and  a  busy,  hard- 
working lawyer  since,  .Mr.  .Martin  has  found 
time  to  give  a  good  deal  of  alUntion  to  politics, 
and  is  alwavs  read}'  to  respond  to  llie  call  ol  his 
l)arl\',  and  he  has  frequently  been  honored  l)\  it. 
lie  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  in  187:2; 
re-electt'd  in  1>!7  1,  and  again  in  1S7(1.  .\l  the 
session  in  1>>74— 7.")  he  was  elected  speaker  pro 
lciiifiori\  and  frequently  presided  o\cr  the 
House,  always  acquitting  himself  with  great 
credit.  During  his  entire  legislative  career  he 
was  assigned  to  important  committees  and 
proved  himself  a  careful,  industrious  legislator. 

Before  Mr.  Martin  attained  his  majority  he 
was  president  of  "The  Red  Rangers,"  one  of 
the  largest  ]K)litical  clubs  ever  organized  in  the 
cit\-.  In  l''>7(lhe  was  the  member  of  the  Cit\' 
Democratic  Connnittee  from  the  Xinth  Ward; 
was  the  first  member  of  the  Democratic  .State 
Committee  from  the  Kighth  District,  and  served 
in  that  ea])aeil\-  for  eight  years.  in  l.SMl  he 
was  the  Democratic  elector  from  the  iMghth 
District.  In  addition  to  his  ser\ices  for  the  1  )eni- 
ocratic  ])artv  in  his  own  .State,  Mr.  Martin 
has  can\assed  the  States  of  Illinois,  Indiana  and 
()hio  in  the  presidential  campaigns  of  18S4  and 
ISSS,  speaking  many  times  from  the  same  plat- 
form with  Thomas  .\.  Hendricks. 

Mr.  Martin  is  prominent  in  the  work  of  vari- 
ous fraternal  and  benevolent  societies.  He  has 
been  the  orator  for  the  Ancient  Order  of  I'nitcd 
Workmen  for  sc\'eral  years;  is  Past  ( ".rand  Com- 
mander of  the  Legion  of  Honor  of  Missouri;  is 
Past  (irand  and  present  Grand  Dictator  of  the 
Knights  of  Honor  of  Missouri,  besides  being  a 
member  of  other  orders  in  which  he  has  exer- 
cised executive  functions. 

Mr.  Martin  was  married  June  11,  l''^7-',  to 
Miss  Clara  La  P>arge,  daughter  of  Ca]itain 
Charles  La  Barge,  of  the  old  La  Barge  line  of 
steamers,  who  lost  his  life  many  years  ago  in 
the  explosion  of  the  steamer  Saluda. 

SCHKKR,  J.\COB,  is  of  Teutonic  origin  and 
extraction,  having  been  born  in  Bobenheim  und 
Berg,  Germany,  October  20,  1S1;5.    His  parents 


BIOGRAPiriCAf.    APPENDIX. 


413 


were  P'raiiz  and  .Mar<^aretlie  ( Seltson)  Scheer. 
Mr.  Scliecr  was  educated  in  Germany  at  the 
IMiblic  scliools,  afterward  learnine;  the  trade  of 
\vaL;i>ii  maker. 

In  1.S37,  .seekin<j  for  a  wider  field,  he  emi- 
.y;ratcd  to  America,  cominj^  direct  to  St.  Louis, 
wliere  lie  worked  at  his  trade  until  the  sjirint^ 
(if  l>iin,  when  h(.'  starti'd  in  business  for  himself 
as  waj^ou  maker,  at  the  corner  of  Sixth  and 
Chestnut  streets.  He  continued  to  carry  on 
the  business  of  wagon  making  until  the  summer 
(it  I'S'S.'),  when,  lia\'- 
iug  amassed  a  com- 
petency, and  luuing 
seen  all  of  his  chil- 
dren married  and 
comfortably  settled 
in  lif(.-,  he  retired 
:iii(l  was  succeeded 
ill  business  by  his 
sou,  I.,ouis  Scheer. 

Mr.  Scheer  is  a 
fine  illustration  of  a 
wf  1 1  -sjieu  t  1  i  f  e. 
Alter  toiliut;  niau- 
full\-  in  early  life, 
now  in  his  old  a.i^^c, 
he  is  leapim;  its 
har\-est,  and  in  his 
comfortable  home, 
at  I-'Cl'H  I'.eruard 
stvi'(.-t,  himself  and 
the  companion  and 
sharer  of  his  sor- 
rows and  jo\s  ari' 
peacefully  spcndiui.; 
da\s. 

Mr.  .Scheer  was  married  September  17,  IS.'iS^ 
to  Miss  lUizal)eth  Stork.  The  result  of  this 
union  has  been  six  children — two  sons  and  four 
dauj^hters.  In  1^7  1,  he  look  a  trip  to  (iernianv 
to  see  the  land  of  his  birth,  and  spent  si.\  months 
visiting  the  scenes  and  friends  of  his  vonth. 

Kiiu-ii\r-.R,  Arcrs'r  II.,  architect  of  ilu 
lioard  ol  Ivlncatioii  of  this  citw  and  junior 
member  of  the   firm  of    Kirchner   ^    Kirchner, 


A.     H.     kIKCHNHR 


the    remaintler    of    their 


arcliitects,   was  Ijorn   in   the   \ear    l.s."),s,    in   the 
city  of  St.  Louis. 

He  is  too  well  known  to  require  any  introduc- 
tion into  a  history  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  that  grand  ])rofession  tliat  does  more  in 
the  education  of  mankind  in  general  than  at 
first  appears  to  the  disinterested  observer. 

( )f  all  the  arts,  architecture  is  the  most  u.se- 
fiil;  it  is  so  pre-eminently  U!5eful,when  compared 
with  any  of  the  other  arts,  that  thev  appear 
almo.st  entirely  of  a  different  nature. 

\\'ithin  its  scope, 
all  of  the  other  arts 
are  enumerated. 
Engineering,  one  of 
its  factors,  added  to 
it  within  recent 
N'cars  oiil\-,  now 
forms  one  of  its 
chief  acquirements; 
besides,  financiering 
must  be  included  as 
one  of  the  accom- 
]ilishments  of  the 
architect  of  to-day. 
No  one  single  in- 
dustry or  profession 
so  largely  contrib- 
utes to  the  welfare 
ot  man  as  architect- 
ure. 

To-  d  a  \  ,  the 
science  of  medicine, 
as  far  as  sanitary 
appliances  are  con- 
cerned, nnisl  be  compassed  bv  the  architect.  In 
fact,  none  but  those  of  the  broadest  intellect  can 
achieve  success  in  the  field  of  architecture to-dav. 
The  standing  in  the  connnuuit\-  of  the  sub- 
ject of  our  sketch,  still  young  in  \ears,  forms 
sufficient  reference  to  the  general  public  to  need 
no  fuitlur  comment  from  us. 

Cki;vi;i.i\c,,  Wii.i.iam  Ci.i:m,  is  a  fair  tvjjc  of 
the  ])ushiiig,  ]ir()gressi\-e  \'onng  men  who  add 
so  materially  to  the  wealth  and  solid  Inisiness 
]>ros])erity  of  this   metropolis  of  the  Mississippi 


414 


OLD  AND  Ni:\v  sr.  i.on/s. 


\'allc\'.  He  is  the  son  of  Ileiirv  C.  and  .Mai- 
<^aiet  (DeWitt)  Crcveliuij,  and  was  born  at 
Moiiow,  ( )liio,  Ajtril  i^,   ls,')7. 

In  1S."),S,  wliile  bnt  an  infant,  liis  parents  re- 
moved to  St.  Louis,  making;  it  their  permanent 
home.  He  attended  the  pnl)lic  schools  of  the 
cit\'  fur  a  nnml)er  of  years,  S"i"M  from  tliere  to 
the  W'asliinijton  University.  At  the  a^e  of 
nineteen  he  left  the  latter  institntion  to  enija<^e 
in  business,  securin<^  a  position  witli  llu-  W'i.^- 
t^ins  I-'erry  Company,  of  which  his  father  was  a 
liromineut  stockholder,  and  reuuiinin<j  with  the 
ferr>'  company  nine  years. 

In  December,  l^Mi,  he  enga,e;cd  in  the  car- 
ria,y;e  business  on  his  own  responsibilitv  at  1.")"-':^ 
( )live  street;  in  1S)S7,  one  \-ear  later,  he  built 
his  present  commodious  establishment,  l'oo; 
Lucas  place. 

^Ir.  Creveliui^r  has  for  a  nundjer  of  )-ears  taken 
an  active  part  in  all  political  affairs,  and  is  an 
ardent  Democrat,  b'or  six  years,  from  IST.S  to 
1<S<H4,  he  was  central  committeenum  for  both 
congressional  ami  cit\'  in  the  Kighteeuth  ward, 
discharging  all  the  nuiuifold  duties  of  the  posi- 
tion with  entire  satisfaction  to  the  party  to 
which  he  is  allied.  He  is  also  a  strong  patron 
of  the  turf,  with  a  lox'C  for  blooded  stock,  being 
a  director  of  ihe  .Missouri  Ibeeders'  .Association, 
and  at  his  stock  farm  (  Bbie  Star),  eleven  miles 
from  the  city  on  the  Clayton  road,  he  keeps  a 
superb  stock  of  trt)ttiug  horses,  as  well  as  Jer- 
sey cattle  and  other  fine  stock.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  St.  Louis  Trotting  .Association. 

He  was  married  June  !■>,  I'ST'S,  to  Aliss  .\uuic 
Hyde.  The  issue  of  this  union  has  been  se\eu 
children,  four  bo\-s  and  three  girls. 

0'She.\,  JoSKi'ii  .M.,  is  of  Celtic  origin,  his 
father,  Dennis  O'Shea,  coming  from  Limerick, 
Ireland,  while  the  name  of  his  mother  before 
her  marriage  was  Mary  Sullivan.  Joseph  .M. 
O'Shea  was  born  in  Dnburjuc,  Iowa,  .\])ril  7, 
1X44.  He  received  his  preparatory  education  in 
the  schools  of  Perryville,  Missouri,  completing 
the  .same  at  the  Jesuit  College  of  St.  Louis.  He 
considered  his  talents  suited  to  a  mercantile 
career,  and  after   lea\'iug  school    spent   sex'eral 


years  in  c<uumercial  ]iursuits,  and  finallx-  located 
at  I'niou,  Missouri. 

The  citizens  of  that  town  within  a  few  \ears 
recognized  his  worth,  and  in  bsdli  he  was 
elected  collector  and  deput\'  sherilf  of  iMank- 
liu  conntx'.  l'])ou  the  expiration  of  his  four 
vears'  term,  during  which  he  de\elo]K-d  such 
capacity  as  a  jniblic  official  that  the  jieople 
elected  him  to  the  more  responsible  ])osition  of 
circuit  clerk,  an  office  he  held  two  terms, 
covering  a  period  of  eight  years.  At  the  ex]u- 
ratiou  of  this  period  he  spent  several  years  in 
tra\eling,  bnt  in  l-SSil  he  accepted  the  ajipoint- 
menl  as  de])ut>   chief  inspector  of  grain. 

His  chief  resigned  in  IXHO,  and  IMr.  O'.Shea 
was  a]ipoiuted  in  his  place  to  fill  the  unex])ired 
term  of  eight  months,  and  at  its  ex])iration  was 
appointed  as  his  own  successor  for  a  term  of 
four  years,  which  is  yet  nuexjiired.  He  is  a 
\er\-  influential  citizen  in  I'uion,  where  he 
resides,  and  has  been  a  member  of  its  town 
council  for  au\'  number  of  tcrnrs.  Mr.  ()\Shea  is 
unmarried. 

I)()r(;i,.\.s,  W.M.TKK  Bo.M),  was  born  at  Bruns- 
wick, IVIissouri,  December:?!),  1S.')1.  His  gen- 
eral education  was  received  at  Westminster 
College,  b'ldton,  Missouri.  Alter  he  had  earned 
the  graduate's  dijiloma  ol  this  institution  he 
determined  to  embrace  the  law  as  his  ])rofessiou, 
and  accordingly  entered  Harv'ard  College,  taking 
the  law  course  and  graduating  therefrom  in  the 
class  of  b'^77,  with  the  degrees  of  .\.l!.  and 
LL.I>.  He  then  returned  to  his  old  home  at 
Brunswick,  but  was  prexented  from  opening  a 
law  practice  by  a  dangerous  term  ot  illness, 
upon  recovering  from  which  he  renuned  to  St. 
Louis,  where  he  has  since  resided. 

He  began  the  practice  of  law  as  soon  as  he 
was  settled,  cimtinuing  at  such  alone  until  Jan- 
uar\-,  l.s.s;;,  at  which  date  he  entered  into  part- 
nershi])  uitli  William  H.  .Scudder,  the  firm 
being  known  as  Douglas  &.  Scudder,  and  atteiul- 
ing  to  a  general  civil  ])ractiee.  The  firm  has 
made  a  reputation  for  the  careful  manner  in 
which  it  has  assisted  in  the  settlement  ol  a 
nuudier  of  bi";  estates,    among  which   was  the 


BIOCRAPHIL  AL  APPI-INPIX. 


415 


adiiiiiiistratioii  of  llic  iiciUd  Ames  estate,  on 
which,  with  Colonel  Uroadhead  and  Given  Canij)- 
bell,  the\-  have  been  eno;atjed  for  the  j^ast  eight 
years.  They  are  now  at  work  on  the  Sonlard 
will  case,  which  is  scarcely  less  important. 

Mr.  Douglas  married  Miss  Fannie  B.  Kimball, 
daughter  of  Ikujamin  Kimball,  of  this  city,  and 
has  two  children. 

vSciioTT,  ArcrSTCs  H.,  sun  of  (ieorge  and 
Mary  (  Rabba )  vSchott,  was  born  in  Hamburg, 
(iermany,  January 
I'il,  1S.")(I.  His  father 
was  at  that  time  en- 
gaged in  manutact- 
uriug  carriages  at 
the  fierman  cajiital, 
and  is  now  carrving 
on  ihe  same  business 
at  A  Itou  ,  Illinois, 
where  he  located  on 
coming  to  America. 

Augustus  attended 
the  comuion  schools 
at  Alton  for  a  term  of 
two  \cars,  an<l  then 
entered  Sheulleff 
College  at  l']i]ier  .\1- 
ton,  from  which  he 
graduated  in  d  u  e 
course.  In  1  >>7'.i  he 
sludiid  m  e  d  i  c  i  ii  e 
under  Doctor  1'.  J-^. 
lohusou.  Heentered 
t  li  e     Homccojjathic 

Medical  College  of  Missouri,  in  w  hii-li  he  studied 
during  the  years  1>!71  and  \^~rl,  graduating  in 
the  sjiring  of  iST.'i.  He  couininux'd  practicing 
in  .\Uon  the  sanu'  year,  and  in  i^''^!  nuived  to 
.St.  I.ouis.  In  iss;i  hf  was  elected  to  the  chair 
ol  his  Alma  Mater  as  professor  of  diseases  of 
ihildren.  In  l.s.ss  lie  was  elected  to  tlie  chair 
ol  protessor  of  the  theorv  of  uuHliciue,  and  in 
l.^^.Si'ol  the  ])raclice  of  mediciiu',  holding  that 
]iositiou  now. 

Docloi  .Schott  is  attending  i>h\sician  of  the 
Memorial  Home  and  of  tlie  Mis.souri  Institute  of 


DR.   A.   H.   SCHOTT. 


Homfco])athy.  He  is  a  Master  .Mason  and  a 
prominent  member  of  the  local  Legion  of  Honor, 
Royal  Arcanum  and  A.  ().  I'.  W.  He  is  con- 
sidered as  one  of  the  leading  homceopathic  phy- 
sicians of  the  West,  and  his  treatment  is  regarded 
witli  great  respect  by  his  colleagues.  He  is  an 
ardent  belie\er  in  the  principles  first  enunciated 
by  Hahnemann,  is  prominent  in  all  discussions 
as  to  the  best  system  of  treatment  of  \'arious 
diseases;  his  college  lectures  are  exceptionalK- 
brilliant,  and  his  opinion  is  sought  constantly 

b\'  students  in  tin- 
schools  of  uiediciue 
other  than  his  own. 
.\lthough  his  St. 
Louis  practice  is 
\ery  large,  he  is  frc- 
quentl\-  called  out  of 
the  cit\-  in  difficult 
and  dangerous  cases, 
and  his  1)rother  phy- 
sicians in  the  West 
all  a]ipreciate  his  as- 
sistance and  ad- 
vice. 

He  is  \'ery  liberal 
in  his  views,  happy 
in  his  private  life, 
and  a  verv  ]-)o]iular 
citizen  in  e\ery  sense 
of  the  word. 

Dr.  Schott  nuirried 
in  INT.")  Miss  Kiiima 
Xulson.  He  has  four 
children,  all  girls. 
I'li.i.is,  .\f(U'.sTi'.s,  .sou  of  Tl)omas  R.  and 
Harriet  (  Herdan  )  I'ullis,  was  born  in  St.  Louis, 
vSeptemlicr  2.S,  IS  I.").  IK-  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  of  St.  Ltuiis  until  se\enteeu  years 
of  age,  when  he  entered  the  iron  foundry  busi- 
ness, then  lieing  carried  on  b\  his  father  and 
uncles,  with  a  \iew  of  learning  the  trade  of 
machinist.  He  ser\'ed  as  api>reutice  for  four 
\ears,  and  remained  with  llie  house  until  1^71, 
when  he  l)ecanie  a  member  of  the  firm,  which 
was  from  lliat  time  known  as  T.  R.  I'lillis  ,S: 
vSous.     (  In    the   death   of   .Mr.  I'ullis  senior,   in 


lie. 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.    f.Or/S. 


|!^7S,  till-  liusiiiess  was  continued  1)\'  the  sons, 
under  tlie  name  of  I'nllis  Brothers,  l)y  wliieli 
name  it  is  still  known,  althonjjh  during;  the  last 
fifteen  years  it  has  increased  in  importance  so 
rajiidly  that  it  is  difficult  to  inia<^iue  that  it  is 
the  ontijrowth  of  the  coni]iarati\cly  small  estab- 
lishnieiit  of  the  seventies. 

The  brothers  are  the  ])roprietors  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi Iron  Works  b'oundry,  with  an  olTiee  at 
liid.')  .S.  .Se\cnlh  street,  and  co\-cring  over  half  a 
block,  with  fronta,t;e  on  Seventh,  Eighth  and 
Hickory  streets.  The  works  turn  out  an  enor- 
mous quantity  of  iron  and  iron  goods  every  year, 
aiul  are  shipping  their  products  to  every  State 
in  the  West  and  South,  and  also  to  Mexico. 
The  business  was  established  fifty-three  years 
ago  by  the  father  of  the  present  owners,  and 
their  uncles.  It  is  hence  almost  the  oldest  iron 
establislnnent  in  the  cit\\  ha\ing  been  estali- 
lished  in  Is;'.!),  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  larg- 
est in  the  West.  The  output  of  iron  manu- 
faeturiil  goods  in  ,St.  I^ouis  increased  between 
the  \ears  of  LSMd  and  ISilO  from  about 
^-t, ()()(), ()()()  to  considerably  over  §:),()()(),(•()(),  and 
a  large  share  of  this  increase  in  the  annual  out- 
put was  enjo\ed  by  the  .Mississippi  Iron  Works 
I-'onudry.  The  foundry  makes  a  specialty  of 
agricultural,  oruauieutal  and  structural  iron 
work,  and  has  a  \ery  high  rcinitation  for  first- 
class  work  and  elegance  of  design.  Mr. 
Augustus  Pullis  is  in  cliarge  of  the  St.  Louis 
office  and  of  the  enormous  works  attached  to  it, 
his  brother  and  ])artner  ha\'ing  gone  to  Chicago 
early  in  1KJI2  to  manage  the  branch  of  the  firm 
established  there. 

Mr.  Pullis  married  on  September  27,  bS72, 
Miss  Angeline  Somerville,  of  St.  Louis.  Mr. 
Pullis  is  quite  a  prominent  St.  Louisan,  and  his 
family  is  prominent  in  the  West  and  South  Ends. 

Pfijj.s,  Thom.\s  R.,  son  of  Thomas  R.  and 
Harriet  (  Rerdau )  Pullis,  was  born  in  St.  Louis, 
Decemljer  II,  l-SfjO.  His  father  had  mnxetl 
from  New  York  City  in  IHHH,  and  had  laid  the 
foundation  for  the  firm  now  known  as  Pullis 
Brothers  at  the  time  of  the  birth  of  the  subject 
of    this  sketch.      Young   Thomas   attended  the 


pul)lie  schools  of  this  city  and  entered  the  St. 
Louis  University,  where  he  studied  until  seven- 
teen vears  of  age,  when  he  went  into  his  father's 
employ  and  remained  about  fonr\ears  in  \'arious 
confidential  capacities.  When  twent\-oue  \ears 
of  age  he  was  admitted  into  the  firm,  which  was 
known  as  the  T.  R.  Pullis  ^S;  Sons  until  the 
\ear  1m7M,  when  Mr.  Tlimnas  R.  Pullis,  ,Sr., 
died,  and  the  firm  name  was  changed  to  Pullis 
Brothers,  with  .Augustus  and  Thonuis  R.  as  sole 
pn)])rietors. 

Mr.  T.  R.  Pullis  took  an  active  part  in  the 
management  of  the  ■Slississij^pi  Iron  Works 
Foundry,  taking  a  special  interest  in  the  large 
works  of  extension  which  became  neccssarv  as 
the  l)usincss  of  the  works  increased.  Ivirly  in 
the  year  I ^>!'2  the  immense  anu)unt  of  business 
coming  from  Chicago  and  the  Northwest  made 
it  necessary  to  open  a  branch  establishment  in 
Chicago,  and  ]\Ir.  Thomas  R.  Pullis  went  to 
that  city  to  take  charge  of  the  branch.  He  re- 
l)t)rts  ra])i(l  increase  of  orders,  and  is  figuring  on 
some  contracts  of  an  nnusualb'  extensi\'e  char- 
acter. 

In  tile  \ear  1S7.S  Mr.  Pullis  married  .Miss 
Cora  Marshall,  of  St.  Louis  count\',  and  ])rior 
to  going  to  Chicago  occupied  a  very  pleasant 
residence  at  No.  2l)n.S  Rutgcr  street.  He  is  a 
\er\'  popular  nuiu  in  St.  Louis,  and  the  ueces- 
sil\  of  his  moving  to  Chicago  was  much  regret- 
ted b\'  man\'  friends.  It  is  hoped  that  when  he 
has  full\'  established  the  new  branch  he  will 
return  to  vSt.  Louis  and  reside  again  among  his 
numerous  friends. 

Rocs,  Lkox.\RD,  son  of  Leonard  and  b'Jeanor 
(  Liszt)  Roos,  was  born  at  Baden,  Germany,  in 
1<S.')H.  He  was  educated  in  his  nati\-e  cit\'  and 
went  through  a  course  of  study  in  the  high 
schools  of  Baden.  Leaving  school  when  qtiite 
young  he  entered  heartily  into  the  fur  business, 
which  he  commenced  to  learn  very  thoroughly. 
His  education  in  this  industry  was  cut  short  by 
the  revolution  of  1S4H,  when  his  family  left 
Baden  and  came  to  America.  They  settled  in 
Newark,  New  Jersey,  and  young  Roos  secured 
employment   in  the   trade  of  his   choice  in  New 


BIOCR.  l/'Jf/CAL  APPENDIX. 


417 


York  CiU',  wlicrc  lie  worked  until  I'Sill,  when 
he  wasa<,fain  disturbed  by  reNolutiiniary  troubles, 
this  time  bein<^  the  ci\il  war. 

He  at  once  enlisted  in  the  Union  army.  He 
saw  imich  active  service  and  exhibited  conspic- 
uous bravery,  especialh-  at  the  battle  of  Antie- 
tam,  on  Se]iteuiber  17,  I'Sii:^,  when  he  was 
dan<(erously  wounded.  After  lea\'in5^  the  hos- 
])ital  he  was  discharged  from  further  ser\-ice 
(Ml  account  of  disability,  and  he  returned  to  New 
York,  where,  on  regaining  his  health,  he  resumed 
his  work  in  the  fur  trade. 

In  the  year  lS(i7  Mr.  Roos  came  to  vSt.  Louis 
and  established  himself  in  business  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Fourth  street  and  Washington  avenue, 
where  he  speedily  l)iiilt  up  a  good  trade.  He 
started  in  with  small  capital,  l)ut  being  a 
practical  furrier  and  the  originator  of  a  num- 
ber of  new  ideas,  he  soon  attracted  attention, 
and  before  he  had  been  in  the  business  man)' 
years  had  a  larger  auimiiu  of  trade  than  he 
could  well  attend  to.  In  1SS7  he  incorpo- 
rated the  business.  The-  Leonard  Roos  Fur 
Company  was  incorporated  with  a  cajntal  stock 
of  $o(), ()()(),  with  very  spacious  (jnarters  at  No. 
h\->  Locust  street.  The  company  carries  one  of 
the  largest  and  most  costly  stocks  of  furs  to  be 
found  in  the  West,  or  indeed  in  any  part  of  the 
couiitr\-,  and  its  agents  in  different  States  are 
always  prepared  to  ])iirchase  rare  and  handsome 
skins  and  furs.  The  window  is  one  of  the 
handsomest  in  the  city,  and  is  pointed  out  to 
visitors  as  one  of  the  local  attractions.  At  the 
Exposition  Mr.  Roos  has  spared  no  expense  or 
trouble  in  preparing  designs  and  exhibits  of  the 
most  magnificent  character.  He  was  among  the 
first  to  appreciate  the  \-alue  of  ino\-iiig  figures, 
and  his  display  has  been  looked  njion  for  some 
years  as  practically  an  exposition  of  itself. 

.\s  will  be  seen  from  this  sketch,  Mr.  Roos 
has  built  up  his  own  career.  During  the  last 
lweut\-five  years  he  has  established  a  fur  busi- 
ness of  exceiititnialh'  large  proportions,  and  by 
strict  attention  to  business  principles  has  accu- 
mulated, if  not  a  large  fortune,  at  least  a  hand- 
some competency.  He  has  sold  high-j^riced 
furs  to  Xew  York  millionaires,  as  well  as  to  the 
27 


wealth)-  men  of  the  Pacific  Slope,  and,  indeed, 
to  connoisseurs  in  all  parts  of  the  conntrv.  He 
is  now  one  of  the  leading  men  of  St.  Louis. 
He  is  a  prominent  member  of  the  Frank  P.  Blair 
Post,  G.  A.  R.,  the  Legion  of  Honor,  the  Union 
\'eteran  Legion,  the  (ientlemen's  Driving  Clnb, 
the  Liederkranz  Society  and  the  Turner  Societv. 

Havdock,  Wii.i.iAM  Tuo.MP.sox,  .son  of  Zeno 
and  Hannah  (Thompson)  Haydock,  was  born 
at  Monrovia,  Indiana,  January  1,  1848.  His 
parents  moved  to  Warren  county,  Ohio,  when  he 
was  quite  young,  and  his  early  education  was 
received  in  the  public  schools  of  Warren 
county.  He  attended  the  Southwestern  State 
Normal,  at  Lebanon,  Ohio,  where  he  graduated 
in  the  year  l-SHO. 

He  then  taught  school  for  ten  years,  and  in  the 
year  1.S74  joined  his  brother,  Mr.  T.  T.  Hay- 
dock,  who  was  in  the  carriage  manufacturing 
business  at  Cincinnati,  and  the  firm  became 
known  as  the  T.  T.  Haydock  Carriage  Companv. 
In  1.S77  William  T.  Haydock  and  his  brother 
Daniel  W.  Haydock  came  to  .St.  Louis  and 
established  a  carriage  factory  at  the  corner  of 
Third  street  and  Chouteau  avenue,  where  the}- 
carried  on  the  business  as  Haydock  Brothers 
with  great  success.  They  continued  business 
here  under  the  same  name,  Haydock  Brothers, 
until  l'S.'S4  when  Mr.  I).  W.  Haydock  withdrew. 

F'or  nine  years  Mr.  W.  T.  Haydock  has  con- 
tinued the  business  of  Haydock  Brothers  as 
sole  proprietor.  He  remained  at  the  Third  street 
and  Chouteau  avenue  location  until  the  year  1>S.S.S, 
by  which  time  his  trade  had  increased  so  rapidl\- 
that  he  was  compelled  to  move  into  a  more  mod- 
ern and  roomy  quarter.  He  accordingly  built 
for  hini-self  a  magnificent  factory  at  Fourteenth 
street  and  Papin  avenue  and  moved  into  it. 

The  factory  is  thoroughly  equi]iped  willi  mod- 
ern machinery  in  every  department,  and  is  not 
(Mils  the  largest  and  best  equipped  carriage  fac- 
tory in  St.  Louis,  but  is  absolutely  unexcelled 
in  the  entire  West.  He  remained  sole  proprie- 
tor of  the  firm  until  his  death  in  1S!»;$,  and  the 
ontimt  of  carriages  of  the  highest  and  best 
grades  was  exceedingly  large. 


4  IS 


Ol.n  AXn  NFAV  ST.   /.Ol'/S. 


Ill  additiini  lo  liis  St.  Louis  interests  he  was 
prtsidcnt  of  tlie  T.  T.  Haydock  Carriage  Com- 
pany, of  Cinciniiali,  Ohio,  since  1«H.');  president 
of  tlie  Cook  Carriage  Company,  of  Ciiuinnali, 
Ohio,  since  l<S!t();  and  he  was  also  president  of 
the  American  Catliedral  (rlass  Company,  of 
Anderson,  Indiana.  Mr.  Haydock  was  for  many 
years  quite  proiiiiiieiit  in  St.  Louis,  and  was  iu 
tlie  foreground  in  e\ery  moxeiueut  affecting  the 
cit\'s  interest.  He  was  a  prominent  mcmlier  of 
the  c.Kecuti\'e  committee  of  llie  .\utuuiual  Festiv- 
ities Association,  and  was  also  a  meml)er  of  the 
Mercantile,  the  St.  Louis  and  the  L^nion  clubs. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  Lafayette  Presby- 
terian Church,  and  served  <ui  the  board  of 
trustees  for  that  institution.  His  standing  was 
such,  even  in  Cincinnati,  where  he  had  not 
resided  since  1.S77,  that  lie  was  at  the  time  of 
his  death  president  of  the  Carriage  Makers'  Club 
of  that  city. 

I\Ir.  Haydock  was  married  on  August  4,  Lsn;;, 
to  Miss  luuilie  Lewis,  of  New  \'ieuna,  ( )hio,  and 
has  two  children.  His  daughter  married  Air.  J. 
P.  Camp,  the  manager  of  the  Haydock  carriage 
factories  at  .St.  Louis;  and  C)scar  Haydock  is 
connected  with  his  fauiih  "s  business  interests  iu 
this  city.  Mr.  W.  T.  Haydock's  health  failed 
him  last  year  and  he  died  after  a  brief  illness. 

Hakhr,  Jo.SKPH  Edwin,  one  of  the  authorities 
on  life  iu.surance  in  this  city,  and  a  prominent 
man  iu  business  or  f)rofessional  circles  generally, 
is  nearly  fifty-two  years  of  age,  he  luuing  been 
born  in  Saratoga  cotinty,  New  York,  on  August 
24,  1S4-2.  His  father  was  Mr.  Joseph  Raker, 
and  his  iiKjther's  maiden  name  was  Alma 
Hendricks.  Although  an  eastern  man  by  birth, 
Mr.  Baker  is  really  western  in  education  as  well 
as  sentiment,  for  while  he  was  still  an  infant  his 
family  moved  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  LaSalle 
county,  in  the  common  schools  of  which  Joseph 
E.  was  educated.  He  then  entered  .Sandwich 
Academy,  where  he  graduated  at  the  age  of 
eighteen. 

In  the  same  year,  istin,  he  accepted  a  position 
as  school  teacher,  and  taught  school  for  one 
year.      Ha\ing  a    preference    for  a  more  active 


life,  he  then  entered  the  agricultural  impleiiuiU 
and  reaping  business,  with  which  he  was  con- 
nected for  a  period  of  seven  years.  In  LSTH  Mr. 
IJaker  moved  to  St.  Louis,  having  accejHed  a 
special  ageucx'  here  for  Andrews  6c  Companv, 
the  well-known  school  furuilure  house.  His 
work  was  so  satisfactory  that  he  was  soon  ]uo- 
iiioted  to  the  position  of  manager  for  the  Www. 
Again  his  efforts  were  very  successful,  and  he 
filially  made  up  liis  mind  to  start  in  business 
for  hiuiself. 

At  the  end  of  three  years  he  had  built  up  a 
\cr\'  valuable  connection  and  made  a  consider- 
able sum  of  money,  and  Mr.  (■.  11.  Tliomjison, 
the  extensive  dealer  iu  jiicture  frauus  and  mold- 
ings, then  made  him  a  ver\'  tempting  offer 
to  assume  charge  of  his  cit\'  business.  After 
some  hesitation  Mr.  liaker  accepted  the  offer, 
and  retained  the  position  until  the  \ear  ISSO, 
when  be  fiualh'  connected  himself  with  the  pro- 
fession in  which  he  has  subsequeuth'  attained 
such  distinction. 

His  first  work  in  the  insurance  business  was 
as  special  agent  for  the  Mutual  Life  of  New 
York.  Iu  L'^'^^T  he  was  appointetl  superintend- 
ent of  agencies  for  the  same  firm,  and  this  jjosi- 
tioii  he  retained  until  LSSi),  when  he  became  a 
member  of  the  firm  of  Sherman,  Sou  &  Rakers. 
His  connection  with  the  firm  led  to  a  great  in- 
crease in  its  business,  and  when  in  1X112  it 
became  reorganized  as  Raker  Brothers,  it  was 
one  of  the  largest  general  agency  businesses  in 
the  West.  During  the  last  two  years  it  has 
continued  to  increase  iu  importance,  and  now 
takes  leading  rank  iu  this  and  adjoining  .States. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  the  acti\'c  manager 
of  the  business,  and  is  regarded  as  an  expert  in 
insurance  questions  generally.  He  has  found 
time  during  his  busy  life  to  dispense  consider- 
able cliarit\'  in  au  uiiostentatii)Us  manner,  and 
he  is  (.Hie  of  the  leading  professional  men  of  the 
city. 

Mr.  Baker  married,  on  August  lii,  l'S(if,  Miss 
Waity  O'Dennis,  of  Somanauk,  Illinois.  He 
has  two  children — Marcia  E.  and  LeRoy,  and 
resides  with  his  family  in  an  elegant  residL-uce 
on  Allen  a\'eiiue. 


a^^o-i^^^^^ 


IIIOCR.  iriUCAl.  APPILXniX. 


-1 1!) 


Cnkis'i'(ii'in;K,  Jacob,  sou  of  Jacoh  ami  May 
(  Arfiisl)ur^  )  ChristopluT,  was  Ijorn  ( )cti)hc-r  11, 
l^^i'T,  ill  France,  just  across  the  Hue  from  the 
city  of  Strassburo;,  aud  within  a  few  yards  of  the 
then  C.erinau  frontier.  His  father  was  a  fanner, 
and  wluii  liL-  was  about  six  \cars  of  age  the 
family  came  to  America  and  settled  in  New 
Orleans.  After  a  short  sojourn  in  the  extreme 
vSoulli  tlic\-  moved  to  Louisville,  and  it  was  in 
the  ])ublic  scliools  of  that  cit\-  that  Jacob 
received    his   primary  education   and    trainiuL;'. 

.\t  the  age  of  six- 
teen he  left  school 
and  did  general  work 
in  I.,onis\'ille  until 
till-  Near  bs  J.'i,  when 
he  was  a]5prenticed 
to  learn  the  molders' 
trade.  He  served 
for  two  years  and 
then  as  a  journey- 
man until  the  year 
l,s,')(i,  when  he  came 
to  St.  bonis  and 
secured  a  position  in 
Haslett's  fouiulry, 
where  he  was  fore- 
man for  lour  vears, 
and  then  became 
connected  with  tlie 
establishment  of  Mr. 
T.  R.  I'ullis,  re- 
maining with  that 
firm  as  foreman  aud 
manager  for  a  pe- 
riod  considerabK  in   excess  of  seventeen  >'ears. 

In  1S7;>  he  started  in  business  on  a  small 
scale  at  Park  axenue  and  Xinth  street,  as.sociat- 
ing  hims(.'lf  with  Mr.  W'ui.  .S.  .Simpson,  under 
the  firm  name  of  Christopher  ^  Compaiu-,  and 
in  the  year  ISS-.'  Uie  firm  became  incori)orale(l 
as  till'  Christopher  X:  .Simpson  .\rchiti-ctnral 
Iron  aud  b'ouudrv  Compau\  ,  with  Mr.  Clnisto- 
jiIkv  as  president,  a  position  be  still  holds, 
b'rom  .1  \er\-  small  beginning  the  lirm  has 
grown  into  cnu-  of  \'erv  large  pro])orlious,  aud 
the  lonndiA   now   manufactures  store  fronts,  jail 


work,  railings,  shutters,  fire  escapes  and 
balconies,  and  all  kinds  of  iron  work  for  build- 
ers. It  also  makes  a  specialty  of  castings  of 
every  description,  and  its  work  is  of  so  high  a 
character  that  it  frequently  receives  orders  from 
cities  very  far  remo\-ed  from  this  ])oint.  The 
foundry  was  originally  a  small  building,  but 
thanks  to  the  ceaseless  energy  of  Mr.  Christo- 
pher it  is  now  one  of  the  largest  in  tlie  West, 
occupying  an  entire  half  block,  with  floor  spaces 
of  2()!lxl'>4  feet  and  7t.\12'i  feet.      It  is  equipped 

with  every  modern 
ap]iliance  for  carr\-- 
ing  on  first-class 
work,  and  is  able  to 
execute  orders  of  al- 
most  unlimited 
amount  with  great 
rapid  itw 

The  career  of  .Mr. 
Christo])her  has  been 
in  e\-cry  respect  a 
hii;hl\-   creditable 


JACOB   CHRISrOI'HUR. 


one.  To  say  that  he 
is  a  self-made  man  is 
to  make  use  of  an 
e\ery-day  expres- 
sion which  scarcely 
i'o\ers  the  ground. 
When  he  first  left 
school  he  was  com- 
pelled to  work  for  a 
liveliliood  and  to  be 
content  with  \ery 
small  wages.  He 
was  never,  howex^er,  so  poor  Init  he  was  able  to 
save  a  trifle,  and  by  practicing  strict  economy 
he  succeeded  in  amassing  sufficient  capital  to 
commence  in  business  for  himself.  His  career 
since  then  has  been  one  of  steady  ])rogress.  The 
cit\'  lias  grown  with  great  rajiidity  during  the 
tweiitv  \ears  hi-  has  been  at  the  head  v>{  the 
lonndr\-,  and  he  has  seen  to  it  that  the  progress 
made  b\'  his  establishment  has  been  even  more 
rapid  than  thai  of  the  great  city  in  which  he 
resides.  Mr.  Christopher  is  regarded  generally 
in    .St.    I.ouis    as    an    exceptionalh     sound    and 


420 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.    LOUIS. 


reliable  man,  and  liis  example  is  one  which  any 
\()iin.y;  man  nii<;lu  follow  with  y;reat  ad\anta<;f 
to  hinisclt. 

Ill  l,s.")S  Mr.  ClirislopluT  niairied  Miss  Harriet 
Simpson,  of  Ohio.      He  has  one  son,  Arthur. 

Root,  Augustini'.  Kii.iukx. — Although  he 
has  li\ed  many  \-ears  at  Alton,  Au>^nstine  K. 
Root  has,  (luring  nearly  half  a  century,  been 
identified  directh'  with  the  trade  and  commerce 
of  St.  Louis.  Coininii;  to  Alton  in  iS4;i  he 
entered  trade  in  a  small  way,  and  ])>■  industry 
and  business  talent  attained  a  success  which 
permits  him  to  spend  the  latter  vears  of  his  life 
in  ease  and  plenty.  He  was  born  in  Mcnitaj^ue, 
Massachusetts,  December  H,  l,S2il,  and  is  there- 
fore sixty-five  years  of  a<;;e.  His  father,  Klihu 
Root,  was  a  member  of  a  prominent  family  and 
was  a  man  of  ability;  Kilburn,  one  of  the  names 
(jivcn  to  the  subject  of  the  sketch,  was  also  the 
faniih-  name  of  his  mother.  In  l-'^^H,  when 
Autjustine  was  vet  a  child,  the  lamiK-  remo\'cd 
to  Craftsbur\-,  \'crmont.  In  this  villaoe  the  lad 
attended  the  public  schools  until  he  was  old 
enough  to  begin  earning  his  own  li\iiig.  His 
commercial  career  was  begun  b\'  clerking  in  a 
dry  goods  store  in  the  village,  a  jjosition  only 
held  a  \ear,  however,  and  then  left  it  to  accept 
a  better  position  offered  him  in  a  store  at  Alban\-, 
\'ermon.t. 

Hut  being  young  and  ambitious,  he  was  filled 
with  a  desire  to  join  the  throng  which  was  push- 
ing westward.  At  the  end  of  a  vear's  service 
in  the  Albany  store,  he  yielded  to  such  long- 
ings, and  in  October,  184!l,  reached  Alton,  Illi- 
nois, which  was  then  a  town  of  much  nune  com- 
parati\e  importance  than  now.  He  soon  found 
a  position  as  clerk  in  the  stove  and  hardware 
store  of  A.  Nelson,  holding  the  situation  until 
l'S53,  and  then  severed  such  relations  to  accept 
a  place  with  Topping  Brothers,  dealers  in  hard- 
ware. About  two  years  later,  another  change 
was  made,  which  resulted  in  his  becoming  a 
proprietor,  instead  of  an  employe.  A  partner- 
ship was  formed  with  :Mr.  A.  B.  Piatt,  and  un- 
der the  firm  name  of  Root  iS:  Piatt  opened  a 
business  in  Alton,  on  Third  street. 


When  the  war  broke  out  Mr.  Root  became 
associated  with  J.  H.  Lamb,  of  Springfield,  Illi- 
nois, in  furnishing  beef  to  the  army,  .\fler  the 
close  of  the  war  Mr.  Root  relumed  to  .\Uon  and 
for  a  few  \ears  acti\ely  engaged  in  assisting  his 
l)artner  in  the  management  of  the  business. 
When  the  firm  was  finally  dissolved  it  was  to 
]H-rniil  Mr.  Root  to  engage  in  the  hea\\'  hard- 
ware and  agricultural  im])lemeut  business  in  ,St. 
Louis,  at  IKi  vSouth  Main,  under  the  style  of 
A.  K.  Root.  P'or  three  years  this  establishment 
existed  and  was  very  successful.  The  next  busi- 
ness connection  in  which  he  became  interested 
was  with  J.  !■;.  Ilayner  ,\:  Company,  general 
western  agents  for  the  Wood  Harvester.  This 
last  named  partnership  was  formed  December 
20,  1S72,  and  was  continued  uj)  to  Januar\-  1, 
li^i^ti,  on  which  date  Mr.  Root,  feeling  that  he 
had  been  in  harness  long  enough,  and  ha\ing 
earned  much  more  than  a  coni]-)eteuc\',  retired 
from  active  business  and  sought  his  famil\-'s  .soci- 
ety at  his  beautiful  home  in  .\lton.  Although  he 
is  out  of  business  in  the  stricter  sense  of  the 
word,  he  has  his  fortune  invested  in  a  number 
of  enterprises,  among  which  niav  be  mentioned 
the  .St.  Louis  Xalional  I'lauk  of  this  cit\',  in 
which  he  is  a  heavy  stockholder  and  a  nuMuber 
of  the  board  of  directors. 

In  vSl.  Louis  as  well  as  .\ltou  he  stands  high 
as  a  man  of  rij^e  business  experience  and  sound 
judgment.  In  the  pursuit  of  wealth  he  has 
aKva\'S  applied  the  strictest  rule  of  integrit\'  and 
houest\'  to  the  go\-ernment  of  his  course,  and 
can  pass  his  latter  days  cheered  by  the  reflec- 
tion that  he  has  successfully  applied  the 
"(Tolden  Rule  "  to  the  methods  of  business  life. 
In  .\lton  he  is  a  citizen  wielding  a  well  defined 
moral  force,  and  is  a  respected  member  of  the 
Unitarian  Church  of  that  place.  He  has  a  most 
interesting  family,  and  two  of  his  sons  are 
already  activeh'  engaged  in  business.  His  wife, 
Harriet  E.,  to  whom  he  was  married  December 
2(1,  isi;."),  is  the  daughter  of  Capt.  N.  J.  Eaton, 
for  thirty  years  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Under- 
writers of  this  city.  They  have  five  children 
living.  Henrv  E.  is  engaged  in  the  pressed 
brick  business  at  Lakota,  Texas;   George  E}.  is 


I 


lUUGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


421 


a  ck'ik  ill  llu-  liardwarc  establislnneiil  of  tlie 
Pa(l<li.)C'k-Ha\vl(.-\-  Iron  Coinpaiu',  of  tliis  cil\', 
aiul  Ralpli  S.  is  still  at  school.  The  names  of 
tile  two  daughters  are  Lillian  A.  and  Harriet  H. 
.Mr.  Root  cannot  be  looked  n])on  as  an  old 
man,  for  he  is  still  acli\'e  and  eneri^etic  and  the 
center  of  a  large  circle  of  jiersonal  friends  and 
bnsiness  acqnaintances. 

DuKKV,  Jo.sHi'H  A.,  tlic  well-known  real 
estate  dealer,  was  born  in  the  house  that  then 
stood  at  the  south- 
east comer  of  Fif- 
teenth and  (_)li\e,  in 
this  city,  in  I-Sj-S. 
His  parents  were  na- 
ti\es  of  l'cnns\l\a- 
nia,  and  his  father 
was  a  builder  b\-  oc- 
cu])ati(ni. 

.Mr.  Duffy  received 
his  education  at  St. 
IvOnis  Uni  versi  t  \', 
wlieie  he  graduated 
in  I'ST.'i.  His  first 
euii)lo\nieiit  after 
leaxing  school  was 
with  (".raff,  Ik-nnett 
X:  Company,  whole- 
sale dealers  in  iron, 
for  will  mi  he  acted 
as  salesman  a  short 
lime.  Ouiiting  their 
einplox  he  branched 
nut  into  hnsiness  for 
himself,  l)ect)ining  a  dealer  and  speculator  in 
grain.  This  business  was  followed  for  a  year, 
and  fioni  that  he  entered  the  iiiercaiilile  broker- 
age business,  Ijuxing  or  selling  aiuthiiig  in 
which  nione\-  could  be  made. 

This  was  a  ])eriod  of  ambitious  recklessness 
in  the  life  of  the  subject  of  this  biograjihy.  and 
within  two  years  after  beginning  l)nsine.ss  as  a 
iiurcantilc  broker  he  abandoned  that  line  to 
optii  a  real  estate  office.  This  was  about  ten 
years  ago,  and  his  jirosperitx  ami  success  since 
then  have  been  \irtuall\-  unbroken. 


JOSEPH  A.  DUFFV. 


.Mr.  Duffy  is  essentially  a  self-made  man.  He 
started  out  in  life  with  acjnarter  of  a  dollar,  and 
although  he  is  still  a  young  man,  he  has  posses- 
sion of  enough  of  this  world's  goods  to  be  con- 
sidered very  wealthy.  Besides  his  real  estate 
business  Mr.  I)uff\-  is  connected  with  a  \-arietv 
of  other  public  and  private  enter])rises.  He 
owns  a  splendid  stock  farm,  worth  $.J(»,()00,  in 
Washington  count}-,  this  State;  he  is  a  director 
of  the  Covenant  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Com- 
pany;  is  a   director   in   the    International    vSteel 

Post  Com])an\-;  a 
director  of  the  vSt. 
Louis  Art  Institu- 
tion, and  is  a  stock- 
holder in  the  Jeffer- 
son ISank.  .Mthough 
he  is  above  e\ery- 
thing  else  a  business 
luaii,  he  has  found 
time  to  travel,  either 
on  business  or  pleas- 
ure,  over  almost 
e\ery  part  of  North 
America. 

•M  r.  Du  ff  y  was 
married  in  Novem- 
ber, 1884,  to  Mi.ss 
-Martha  (lartside, 
daughter  of  Joseph 
( rartside,  of  theGart- 
side  Coal  Company. 
They  have  two  very 
bright  and  intelli- 
gent children. 
()'Rkii.i.v,  -M.  H.,  is  one  of  the  leading 
investigators  of  titles  to  real  estate  in  the  city, 
ami  his  is  the  oldest  lionse  in  that  line  in  St. 
Louis.  He  is  foremost  also  as  a  practical  and 
successful  land  law  counselor. 

Mr.  O'Reilly  was  born  at  Rathdawgau,  in 
the  Parish  of  Hacketstown,  Connt\  Wicklow, 
Ireland,  .May  10.  18^8.  His  father  was  Michael 
O'Reilly.anativeof  Camolin  Parish,  County  Rex- 
ford.  His  mother,  Mary  Hyrne,of  Bernia,  County 
Wicklow,  was  of  the  famous  Byrne  Clan  of  that 
couiitx ,  whose  snrvi\in>r  branch  still  holds  (ilcn 


422 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  I.OIUS. 


Malure  and  other  sites  in  tlu-  ImIou  county  of 
old  Ireland,  noted  for  tlieir  beauty  and  liisloric 
interest.  Mrs.  O'Reilly  recei\-ed  confirnialion 
at  the  hands  of  the  great  "J.  K.  h." — Dr. 
Doyle,  the  famous  Bishop  t)f  Kiidore  and  Leigli- 
ton.  To  the  parents  six  children  were  born, 
two  remain,  the  .sole  sur\i\ing  repre.sentatives 
of  the  family,  Mr.  M.  I",.  O'Reilly  and  Rev.  P. 
!•'.  O'Reilly,  A..M.,  a  graduate  of  St.  Louis 
l'ni\ersitv  and  later  on  alumnus  of  (lajie  Crirar- 
dcau  and  Carton  colleges,  the  wfU-kuowu  priest 
and  orator  of  this  cit}-.  John,  another  brother, 
who  died  in  l!S(i(),  was  remarkable  for  talent 
and  literary  acquirements.  Me  aided  \ery 
materiallv  in  the  incorporation  as  a  munici- 
pality and  the  earl\-  de\-eIopmcnt  of  Ivist  St. 
Louis. 

It  was  in  October,  ISIH,  thai  .Mr.  O'Reilly's 
parents  left  Ireland  for  St.  Louis,  embarking  in 
the  sailing  vessel  Ainic  AfcLcs/er,  bound  from 
Dublin  to  New  Orleans.  The  vessel  reached  its 
destination  within  eight  weeks  and  three  davs, 
and  after  a  voyage  varied  b\-  much  rough 
weather  and  one  more  than  commoulv  danger- 
ous storm,  .\fter  a  stay  of  a  few  davs  the 
family  proceeded  from  New  Orleans  to  ,St.  Louis 
in  a  steamboat,  Aleck  Sco//.,  the  same  which 
was  in  the  first  days  of  the  war  converted  into 
the  first  ironclad — the  handiwork  of  Captain 
ICads.  St.  Louis  was  reached  shorth'  before 
Christmas,   1S4S. 

Mr.  O'Reilly's  earh'  education  was  jjursued 
under  the  direction  of  a  ])ri\ate  tutor.  Later 
•  he  studied  at  Old  College  and  at  the  night 
school  of  Washington  University,  and  finally 
took  the  prescribed  course  at  Jones'  Counnercial 
College,  leaving  there  in  ls.">!i  with  a  certificate 
of  proficiency. 

Mr.  O'Reilly,  ])rior  to  this  date,  conlcniijlaled 
entering  on  a  commercial  career,  but  on  mature 
thought  decided  in  favor  of  his  present  calling. 
In  May,  1<S.")!I,  he  obtained  employment  as  clerk 
in  the  title  in\-estigating  business  of  Peter  J. 
Hnrck,  who  was  then  at  the  head  of  one  of  the 
first  and  best  land-title  examination  houses  in 
St.  Lonis.  In  1-S(>(;  Mr.  O'Reilly  was  admitted 
to   full   jiartnershii)   in   the  business,  under  the 


firm  name  of  Hnrck  S:  O'Reilly.  In  order  to 
perfect  himself  in  every  way  for  the  recpiire- 
ments  of  this  responsible  calling,  .Mr.  O'Reilly 
gave  himself  up  to  the  study  of  law,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  b\-  Hon.  Irwin  L.  vSmith, 
jndge  of  the  Circuit  Ctuirt  of  St.  Louis,  March 
;'>,  IStlS.  Since  then  he  has  acted  as  connsel  in 
a  vast  number  of  important  laud  suits  with 
marked  success.  He  has  confined  his  practice 
as  counsel  exclnsi\'el\-  to  land  law  matters.  In 
INTO  he  ])urcliase(l  the  interest  of  his  partner, 
Mr.  Hnrck,  and  ever  since  has  conducted  the 
ever-growing  business  of  an  establishment  which 
is  among  the  greatest  and  most  successful  of  its 
kind  in  the  cit\'. 

In  l.S()7  Mr.  O'Reilly  married  Mary  C.  Don- 
o\'au,  eldest  daughter  of  the  wideK-kuown  and 
esteemed  Daniel  II.  I  )ono\  an  of  this  cil\'.  The 
children  of  this  marriage  are  six  boys  and  three 
girls.  Two  are  graduates  of  .St.  Lonis  Uni- 
versity, and  one  of  X'isitation  Cou\eut,  while 
the  younger  children  are  still  at  school,  haigene 
and  Oerald  assist  their  father  in  business. 

In  1.S.S2  Mr.  0'Reill\-  made  a  tour  of 
Iiuro])e,  lasting  some  mouths,  and  l)ronght  back 
with  him  many  treasures.  Of  earl\-  St.  Louis 
he  recounts,  from  experience  and  remembrance, 
the  big  fire  of  l'S4S  and  the  terrible  cholera  epi- 
demic of  that  \'ear.  As  a  lad  he  hunted  in  the 
woods  on  the  west  side  of  Thirtieth  street 
between  Washington  avenue  and  Market  street, 
and  recalls  the  fact  that  there  were  no  made 
streets  in  those  days  west  of  Sexenth  street; 
neither  has  he  forgotten  the  thrilling  personal 
exjieriences  of  the   "  Knownothiug  "  riots. 

.Mr.  ()'Reill\-  has  a  decided  and  discriminat- 
ing artistic  and  literary  taste,  as  is  evidenced  by 
his  rare  collection,  few  in  mimber,  but  of  choic- 
est character,  of  i)aintings  old  and  new,  and  his 
lil)rar\  ,  rich  in  its  se\'erelv  clujice  collection  of 
works,  some  of  which  bear  dates  four  hundred 
\-ears  old.  Though  quiet  in  his  habits  he  is  a 
most  entertaining  host,  and  is  known  to  his 
friends  as  a  noble  t\pe  of  the  true  Christian 
gentleman.  He  is  a  Catholic,  and  is  numbered 
in  the  list  of  many  Catholic  organizations  of  the 
cit\-,  religions,  bene\-olent   and   social.      He  has 


f/i^.Mci 


/;/( Mik'.  \i'iiJCAL  .  ippiixnix. 


428 


1)ceii  a  life-loii.sj;  Democrat,  and  while  active  in 
all  that  i)ortaiiis  to  the  proj^ress  and  prosperity 
of  .St.  Lonis,  has  ne\-er  sont^ht  or  held  political 
nffice.  He  is  connected  with  not  a  few  of  the 
must  important  and  influential  business  institu- 
tions of  the  cit\  .  Amonj^  the  most  prominent 
of  these  is  the  iMiurth  National  ISank,  of  which 
he  is  a  stockholder  and  a  director. 

P.owMAN,  Samikl,  has  for  the  last  seven 
years  taken  an  active  i>art  in  the  real  estate  bnsi- 
nessof  St.  Louis,  and 
he  is  one  of  the  able 
managers  and  expert 
\aluerswho  ha\-e  at- 
tracted outside  capi- 
tal to  the  cit\'  and 
thus  created  an  in- 
(|U  i  r\-  after  t^ood 
jiroperlw  The  his- 
tory of  the  real  es- 
tate world  in  St. 
Louis  dnrintj  the 
last  twenty  years  has 
been  full  of  interest, 
t  liDU  1.^11  the  real 
awaken inj;  to  the 
\alne  of  ])rt)i)ert\- 
has  taken  place  dur- 
iuij  the  last  ten  years 
and  es])ecially  while 
Mr.  liowman  has 
been  in  acli\c  busi- 
ness as  an  ai^^ent  and 
ojieraldr. 

Mr.  .Sanuul  I'.dwman  was  born  in  Weston, 
I'latte  county,  .Missouri,  on  b'ebruarx  i\ ,  1S.">1, 
his  father,  I)a\id  liowman,  haxin;;  been  en!L;a>.;ed 
in  nu'rcautilc  business  in  the  cit\-  since  IM7. 
.\t  an  earl\'  aj^e  he  had  the  misfortune  to  lose 
his  father,  and  the  widnwid  mother  renu)\e(l  to 
.Si.  L'Hiis  in  June,  !>>.')>!,  where  he  reoei\'ed  a 
common  scluml  education  in  the  ])nblii-  schools. 
Actuated  b\  a  desire  to  aid  his  mother  in  main- 
tainini;  her  famiK',  he  quit  school  at  the  a<:;e  of 
ihirteen  years  and  bejj^an  life  as  an  erraiid-boy. 
riciu"  of  a  studious    turn    of    mind    he    took  .id- 


.■'AMl'EL  BOW.VAN. 


\anta.sje  of  the  eveninoj  schools  and  qualified 
himself  thorou.y^hh-  for  a  commercial  life  by  a 
course  of  stud\'  in  Jones'  Ci)nimercial  Collejje. 

At  the  age  of  sixteen  years  he  engaged  in  the 
real  estate  business  with  Messrs.  Barlow,  \'alle 
&  Bush.  This  firm  remained  in  existence  oidy 
three  years,  and  Mr.  Bowman  then  went  with 
Isidor  Bush  into  the  management  of  the  Blnffton 
Wine  Company.  This  company  a  year  later, 
in  1^7i>,  sold  out  to  Isidor  Bush  &  Company,  in 
wliich  .Mr.  Bowman  was  taken  as  a  partner  at  the 

age  of  twenty.  This 
firm  was  and  is  yet 
engaged  in  the  native 
wine  business  in  this 
city.  In  LS77  Mr. 
Bowman  withdrew 
from  the  firm  and 
established  the  firm 
of  Bowman >S:Ble\er, 
and  later  the  Bow- 
man Distilling  Com- 
pany, all  of  which 
firms  commanded  a 
large  patronage. 

This  line  of  busi- 
ness becoming  tin- 
congenial,  ]\Ir.  Bow- 
man, in  1SS7,  estab- 
lished himself  in  the 
real  estate  business, 
under  the  firm  name 
of  Samuel  Bowman 
&  Company.  This 
firm  has,  b\-  its  en- 
terprise and  energy,  contributed  in  a  large  degree 
to  the  activity  which  has  characterized  St.  Limis 
real  estate  during  the  past  fi\e  vears.  Being  a 
thorough  believer  in  the  \irtiie  of  printer's  ink, 
Mr.  Bowman  has  by  its  aid  built  up  a  real 
estate  business  which  ranks  with  the  largest  in 
this  city.  He  is  progressi\e  in  his  metlu)ds  and 
enjoys  the  cnufidence  of  the  entire  business 
comnmuitw 

Mr.  Bowman  was  married  in  December,  1.'<7.S, 
to  Miss  Tillie  Scliiele,  and  has  a  family  of  four 
children. 


424 


OLD  AND  iXF.  W  S T.   LOl  7S. 


D'SriJ.iVAX,  John,  sun  ul  James  ( ).  and 
Margaret  (McCarthy)  O'Siillivaii,  was  l)oni  in 
County  Kerry,  Ireland,  in  iJSiJO.  He  attended 
McCarthy  Collei^e  until  fourteen  years  of  age, 
when  with  three  elder  brothers  he  came  to  this 
countrw  He  settled  at  Worcester,  Massachu- 
setts, where  he  clerked  in  the  wholesale  grocery 
liouse  of  Dixey  &  Company  eight  years.  He 
then  accepted  a  position  as  book-keeper  for  a 
large  luml)er  firm  at  A]bau\',  New  York,  and 
soon  showed  such  steadiness  and  aptitude  for 
the  work  that  he  was  appointed  manager.  For 
five  years  he  filled  this  position  faithfully,  act- 
ing on  the  policy  that  there  is  no  limit  to  the 
future  of  a  young  niati  who  does  his  dut\-  fear- 
lessly and  lionestly. 

In  lS()ii,  acting  on  theadviceof  several  of  his 
old  country  friends,  he  located  in  Milwaukee 
and,  as  he  had  saved  a  large  percentage  of  his 
wages,  opened  a  lumber  yard  there  and  soon 
showed  what  there  was  in  him.  His  executive 
ability  was  so  marked  that  not  only  did  he  form 
a  very  valuable  l)usiness  connection,  but  he 
was  also  called  upon  for  public  service.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Board  of  Education,  on  which  he 
served  for  over  four  years,  during  which  time  he 
effected  some  valuable  reforms  and  especially 
labored  in  the  interests  of  economy.  His  fellow- 
citizens  then  insisted  upon  his  turning  his  at- 
tention to  uuiuicipal  government.  Afterwards 
he  was  elected  to  the  Council  for  four  consecu- 
tive terms.  His  eight  years'  record  was  a  clean 
and  memorable  one.  While  doing  work  for  his 
fellow-citizens  he  did  not  neglect  his  own  btisi- 
uess,  but  his  disinterestedness  and  public  sj^irit 
were  shown  in  a  measure  in  which  the  Ciraud 
Haven  Steamship  Conipan\-  aj^plied  for  several 
thousand  feet  on  the  river  front  for  dock  ])ur- 
poses,  Mr.  (J'Sullivan  favored  the  application, 
because  he  believed  the  benefit  to  the  city  would 
be  very  large,  although  its  granting  would  in- 
volve the  practical  destruction  of  his  own  splen- 
did yard.  Through  his  disinterested  advocacv 
the  company  secured  the  franchise,  and  as  a 
result  he  had  to  reduce  his  stock.  Shortly  after- 
wards, in  1.S77,  he  sold  out  his  business  and 
moved  to  St.  Louis,  of  which  place  he  has  been 


an  lu)noretl  citizen  e\er  since.  He  at  once  as- 
.sociated  himself  with  .Mr.  Joseph  ()'Xeil,  and 
organized  the  O'Xeil  Lumber  Company,  with 
Mr.  Joseph  (^'Xeil  as  president,  Mr.  O'Sullivau 
as  vice-jiresident  and  business  manager.  Mr. 
O'vSullivan  remained  with  this  compau\-  for  six 
years,  and  then  in  llSS;}  established  himself  in 
the  lumber  business  on  Spruce  street,  from 
where  he  moved  to  his  present  location,  at  1()(M) 
Clark  a\eune.  He  is  one  of  the  influential  citi- 
zens of  vSt.  Ivouis,  and  his  knowledge  of  the 
lumber  business  is  equal  to  that  of  any  man  in 
the  trade. 

He  married  in  .\pril,lxr)4,Miss  Hannah  Dono- 
hue,  of  Boston.  Of  the  twelve  children  that 
blessed  the  union,  two  are  boys  and  ten  girls, 
three  of  whom  are  in  con\-euts.  Mrs.  ( )'Sulli\an 
died  in  October,  l.^SM. 

GoKDOx,  JOii.N  S.— John  S.  Oordou  was  burn 
in  Tuscarawas  count\',  ( )hi(i,  January  2;{,  lH;-}(i, 
and  was  the  third  of  a  family  of  ten  brothers 
and  sisters.  His  father,  James  Gordon,  was  a 
farmer  and  stock  raiser,  and  he  assisted  his 
father  on  the  farm  in  summer,  and  in  winter  at- 
tended the  district  school.  After  finishing  the 
common  school  course,  he  entered  the  college  at 
Richmond,  Ohio. 

While  in  his  twentieth  year  he  completed  his 
education  and  returned  to  the  farm,  making 
that  his  home  until  about  I'^Tl.  When  the 
war  broke  out  he  had  not  yet  reached  his  thirtieth 
year  and  was  in  that  period  of  life  when  the 
spirit  of  adventure  is  strongest.  He  left  home 
to  become  a  participant  in  that  struggle,  and, 
although  not  a  regular  coml)atant,  he  saw  con- 
siderable rough  service.  He  was  connected 
with  the  (juartermaster's  department  of  the 
Army  of  the  Tennessee  for  about  two  \-ears  and 
a   half. 

During  the  period  inter\-eniug  between  his 
twentieth  and  thirt\-fiftli  )-ear  he  traveled  over 
the  country  considerably,  and  in  1^(71,  being 
impressed  with  the  advantages  of  St.  Louis,  he 
removed  his  family  here  and  entered  business, 
opening  a  retail  book  and  stationery  store  on 
the    corner    of     Twenty-ninth     and     Chouteau 


niOiiRAI'lIU  \ll.  AI'J'liA'DlX. 


42- 


avenue.  He  was  \-ery  successful  in  tliis  l)usi-  cmnpliTueut  to  Mr.  (Gordon's  knowledge  of  the 
ness  from  the  start,  continuing  to  conduct  the  business  and  his  financial  abilit\-,  to  state  that 
business  for  fifteen  years.  the  jdau  on  whicli  The  Leader  is  organized  is 
During  that  time  he  had  given  much  study  to  considered  by  experts  as  the  nearest  to  coni- 
thc  details  of  insurance  and  building  and  loan  pleteness  and  perfection  yet  devised.  The  as- 
business.  Having  been  elected  secretary  of  the  sociation  is  too  young  yet  to  have  developed  all 
National  .Vmerican  Association,  a  benefit  and  its  ])oints  of  excellence,  but  it  has  started  out 
fratenud  organization,  he  sold  out  his  book  and  under    the    most  auspicious  circumstances  and 


news  business  in  l<S.S(j,  and  gave  his  whole  at- 
tention to  the  insurance  business.  He  held  the 
office  of  secretary  of  the  National  American  As- 
sociation for  three 
years,  at  the  end  of 
which  time  he  as- 
sisted in  organizing 
the  Iron  Hall  I'.uild- 
ing  and  Loan  Asso- 
cia  li  (I  n  ,  and  was 
elected  secretary 
thereof,  and  still 
holds  that  position 
fur  IJR-  fifth  term, 
the  b  u  s  i  u  e  s  s 
methods  of  this  as- 
sociation soon  won 
it  a  reputation  as 
one  of  the  soundest 
building  and  loan 
associations  of  vSt. 
I/)uis.  It  has  a  cap- 
ital stock  of  $(in(),- 
!")(),  an, I  has  already 
loaned  on  excellent 
securit\-    u]iward    of 

**!'()<  I, (luring 

llu'  fi\e  \ears  of  its  existence.  The  association 
is  working  in  the  most  gratifying  manner  and 
bids  fair  to  terminate  as  intended  at  the  end  of 
the  huudn-d  mouth  period. 

in  lS',i-_>  lie  organized  a  new  association, 
called  TIk-  Leader  Building  and  Loan  .Vssocia- 
lion,  with  a  ca])ital  of  $1 ,()()(), (KM).  This  com- 
pany is  iIk-  result  of  several  vears'  slud\-  and 
ol)ser\'ation  of  the  building  and  loan  business  on 
Mr.  Ciordon's  part,  and  is  an  adaptation  of  jilans 
already  in  operation,  streugtliened  by  a  number 
ol  new  and  oriijinal  ideas.      Il  is  a  most  decided 


JOHN    S.    UOkDON. 


bids  fair  to  achieve  a  most  signal  and  gratif\ing 
success. 

Mr.  Gordon   held    the  general   agency   of  the 

Sun  I'ire  and  Ma- 
r  i  n  e  In  s  u  r  a  n  c  e 
Compau\-  of  San 
Francisco,  until 
1''^!I2,  when  theeom- 
l^any  concluded  to 
restrict  its  business 
to  territory  which 
exchuled  vSt.  Louis 
anil  caused  the  ,Snn 
to  place  its  policies 
with  other  com])a- 
nies.  vSince  his  re- 
tirement from  the 
S  u  n  h  e  h  a  s  a  c- 
cejHed  the  agencv  of 
tile  Manchester  of 
I'".n  gland,  which 
should  c(Misider  it- 
self fortunate  in  se- 
curing such  a  man 
to  manage  its  inter- 
ests in  this  section 
and  city. 
Mr.  (lordon  is  a  niend)(.r  of  the  Order  of 
-ICgis,  and  is  a  niend)er  of  the  Rt)\al  .Vrcannm. 
lie  was  a  meudicr  of  the  Order  of  Iron  Hall  for 
the  full  seven  years  required,  and  at  the  expira- 
tion ol  that  jieriod  recei\ed  his  benefit  and 
retired. 

Mr.  (iordon  was  married  in  1S,")7  to  Miss 
Catharine  Rile\  ,  whom  he  met  while  attending 
college  at  RichmoncI,  ( )hio,  lier  people  being 
residents  of  Cincinnati.  The  marriage  was  a 
most  fortunate  and  compatible  one,  whose  do- 
nu-stic  telicitx'  has  been  crowned   b\-  the  cominsj 


4-n; 


OLD  AND  XliW  ST.   I  AH  IS. 


of  three  children,  all  of  whom  are  fjrown.  I'lor- 
ciice,  the  only  daujj^hter,  ami  oldest  child,  is 
now  married  to  Lewis  B.  Hlackwood,  a  prosper- 
ous architect  of  this  city.  William,  who  is  next 
in  ])oint  of  ajje,  devoted  some  attention  to  atjri- 
culture,  until  \W-1,  when  he  sold  his  farm  and 
returned  to  St.  Louis,  (reorge  C,  the  yount,^- 
est,  is  his  father's  chief  advi.ser  and  a.ssistant  in 
the  office,  and  is  a  vouiisj  man  of  good  attain- 
ments. Mr.  Gordon's  mother  is  still  li\iiig  on 
the  old  homestead  back  in  Ohio.  His  father 
died  many  years  ago. 

Mr.  Gordon  is  a  man  of  affable  disjiosition, 
and  a  person  needs  but  to  look  at  him  once  tt) 
be  ct)n\inced  that  he  is  in  no  respect  a  pessi- 
mist, but  that  he  is  disposed  to  look  on  the  best 
side  alwa\s.  His  demeanor  naluralh'  attracts; 
he  has  an  army  of  friends,  and  the  statement 
that  he  is  one  of  the  most  popular  men  in  his 
line  in  the  city  is  not  far  amiss.  He  occupies  a 
suite  of  offices  convenient  and  well  adajited  to 
his  business  at  105  North  Eighth  street. 

McCi.i'Ric,  Richard  P.,  the  prominent  con- 
tractor and  builder  of  St.  lyouis,  the  son  of  Rich- 
ard P.  and  ]\hiry  ( Irwin  )  McClure,  was  born  in 
Westmoreland  county,  Pennsylvania,  April  1.'), 
1  ■'>■"' 1.  His  education  was  acquired  in  the  schools 
of  Pittsburgh  and  Alleghanv.  He  was  studious 
in  his  habits,  and  quit  school  with  a  very  good 
education.  He  was  compelled  to  earn  his  own 
living,  and  in  conformity  with  such  necessity,  he 
accepted  the  position  of  a  driver  on  the  tow-path 
of  the  canal,  making  the  trips  between  Pitts- 
burgh and  Oil  City  at  stated  intervals  for  a  space 
of  three  years.  The  records  that  have  come 
down  from  that  time  .state  that  he  manifested 
an  industrious  regard  for  the  interests  of  his 
employers  and  did  his  work  well,  humble 
though  his  employment  was.  .\s  the  person 
who  will  not  do  his  task  well  in  one  instance 
is  apt  to  neglect  it  in  another,  in  this  work  well 
done  at  that  time,  is  .seen  in  the  lad  the  indica- 
tions of  success  as  the  man. 

At  the  end  of  three  years'  work  on  the  canal 
tow-path,  he  determined  to  fit  himself  to  make 
his  wa\-   in  the  world  b\-   learniu";  a  trade,  and 


therefore  ajiprenliced  himself  to  a  carpenter 
in  Alleghany  City,  and  with  him  renuiined  six 
years,  coming  out  an  adept  at  the  carpenter 
trade  at  the  end  of  that  time.  Keeling  certain 
that  the  great  \\'est  offered  better  chances  to  the 
aspiring  young  mechanic  than  the  o\'ercrowded 
ICast,  he  turned  his  face  westward,  not  halting 
until  he  reached  the  Golden  Slojie.  In  vSan 
Francisco  he  remained  just  a  year,  working  at 
his  trade,  and  then  concluded  to  return  farther 
east.  Reaching  .St.  Louis  he  was  so  fa\x)rabh- 
impressed  with  the  cit\'  that  he  concluded  to 
make  it  the  scene  of  his  future  operations.  This 
was  in  l>i74,  and  for  three  years,  or  until  about 
L'^77,  he  worked  at  his  trade  as  a  journe\inan 
carpenter,  being  emploved  the  most  of  the  time 
b\'  .\.  I^.  Cook.  In  1^77  he  couchuU-d  thai  he 
was  entitled  to  the  usufruct  of  his  own  industry, 
and  as  a  result  opened  a  shop  of  his  own,  he 
launched  into  business  for  himself,  and  instead 
of  being  an  employe  became  an  emjiloyer. 
Since  that  time  his  success  has  been  a  con- 
stantly growing  quantity  and  his  prosjierity  has 
been  unbroken.  His  prompt  and  straight  meth- 
ods of  doing  business,  and  his  industry  and 
close  attention  to  all  its  details,  ha\e  gi\en  him 
a  solid  foundation  on  which  to  build  a  magnifi- 
cent success.  As  an  indication  of  his  standing 
and  responsibilit)-  as  a  contractor  and  builder, 
the  subjoined  list  of  a  few  of  the  ])rominent 
buildings  erected  by  him  is  inserted:  .Smith, 
Beggs  &  Rankin  Foundry,  Mis.souri  Malleable 
Iron  Works,  Grand  .\  venue  Presbyterian  Church, 
Union  M.  E.  Church,  Burrell-Comstock  Build- 
ing, Scharff-Burnheinier  Building,  interior  of 
P^xposition  Building,  all  of  St.  Louis;  .Standard 
Theater,  Xew  York;  Loretto  Academy,  inori- 
sant;  \'endome  Theater,  Nashville;  Grand 
Opera  House,  Mem])his;  and  ]^>oyd  Theater, 
Om.iha. 

Gai.i:,  .\KT}irR  H.,  is  the  son  of  Daniel 
Bailey  (iale  who  was  born  in  Salisbury,  New 
Hampshire,  in  IMl),  and  died  in  this  city  in 
1S74.  His  father  having  died  when  he  was 
quite  small,  he  was  left  to  the  care  and  training 
of   an   excellent   mother,  who  educated   him  for 


niOGRAPHTCAL  APPENDIX. 


427 


llu-  law,  1)nl    Ik-    afterward   decided    to  adopt   a  uati\e  of  tlie  same  t()wii  as  his  fatlier  and  a  com- 

niercautile  career.      He  .ti;rew  up  to  he  one  of  tiie  panioii  of   his  youlli   and  early  inanliood.      Her 

noblest  and  best  of  men,  of  the  hio;hest  char-  name    before    marriage    was    Carolie    E.    Pet- 

acter  and    jmrest    moti\e,   bene\olent,    modest,  teno^ill. 

thorouj^hly    honest    in     all    thini^s,    nni\'ersally  Younjj    Arthur    received    a    good    education, 

esteemed,  a  genuine  Christian  and  a  true  gentle-  finishing  at  Washington  University.    After  grad- 

nian.      Soon  after  reaching  his  majority  he  came  nation  he  entered  the  grocery  house  of  Greelev 

west  at  the  solicitation  of   a    brother,  intending  .S:  dale  in  bSTO.      He  showed  a  marked  aptitude 

to  locate  at   Peoria,  Illinois,  but  meeting  Carlos  for  business,  and  on  his  father's  death  in   1>S74 

S.  Greeley,  was  induced  by  him  to  come  to  St.  he  became  his  successor,  and  thus  the  connec- 

lyouis.     The  latter  was  alreadv  established  in  a  tion  of  father  and  son   with  the  business   since 


small  wa\-  in  the  gro- 
cery business.  Mr. 
(".ale  then  had  mer- 
chandise amounting 
to  Si', (1(1(1  ,111  the  way 
from  Xew  b'.ngland; 
a  jxutnerslii])  was 
proposed  and  \'erbal 
agreement  entered 
into  under  which  the 
two  friends  did  busi- 
ness without  a  dis- 
agreement forthirt\- 
six  vears. 

This  was  in  l.s;i.s^ 
and  was  the  date  of 
the  beginning  of  a 
house  which  has 
been  conlenip(irar\' 
with  the  commercial 
growth  of  ,St.  Louis. 
Tlu'  Inni  was  known 
as  (ireeley  X:  (iale 
until  is.').s,  ill  which 
N'ear  C.  !!.  HurnlKim  was  taken  in  and  the  st\le 
became  C.  I!.  Iturnham  X:  Couiikuu  ;  in   iNTiitlu- 


ARTHUR  H.  (iAl.K 


\'^'.\>^  has  been  un- 
broken. He  has 
filled  his  father's 
place  most worthiK-, 
and  he  joins  with 
marked  business  ca- 
pacity an  energv 
and  enterprise  that 
ha\e  added  much  to 
the  business  of  the 
house.  Sua\-e  and 
courteous  at  all 
times  his  genialit\- 
of  manner  and  per- 
sonal magnetism 
have  made  for  him 
an  army  of  friends 
whose  faces,  because 
of  his  ])eculiar  gift 
of  memory,  he  never 
forgets.  He  is  a 
harder  worker  e\-en 
than  his  father,  and 
is  thoroughly  devo- 
ted to  his  business.  Promptness  cliaracterizes 
all  liis  dealings,  and  he  is  a  man  who  is  able  to 
gi\e   infinite    care  to  details.      In   jierson   he   is 


title  was  changed  to  (ireele)',  Hurnham  iV  Com 
pan\-,  and  in  IST'.i  was  incorporated  under  the  ipiiel  and  retiring,  is  gentlemaulv  in  demeanor, 
name  of  the  (  Meek\-I!urnham  < '.incer  Coin])an\  .  and  toward  every  unfortunate  of  the  linmaii  race 
In  IS'.i.'l  the  last  named  company  was  amalga- 
mated with  the  firm  of  vScudder  X:  Brother, 
becoming  the  Scudder-C.ale  Grocer  Com])an\', 
under  which  it  doi's  business  to-da\'. 

.\rthur  H.  Gale  was  born  in  this  city,  Sep- 
tember .">,  lS.')i'.  He  was  one  of  '(wi:  children 
born    to  his  parents.      .\rthnr's    mother    was  a 


has  a  feeling  of  kiudl\  ]ut\  and  beue\<>lent  ]inr- 
pose.  .Ml  who  know  him  are  certain  that  he  is 
able  to  help  to  carry  to  a  still  higher  success  the 
gre.U  house  his  father  helped  to  found. 

Mr.  Gale  has  a  most  interesting  family,  con- 
sisting of  a  wife  and  four  cliildren.  He  is 
domestic   in   his  tastes  and   trives  his   wife  and 


428 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   fjU7S. 


cliililrcii  (Icvoled  allc-iitiuii.  His  wife's  inaitlcn 
name  was  Miss  Stella  Honey.  She  is  a  native 
of  this  State,  and  a  niece  of  Mrs.  Cov.  'W  C. 
Metcher.  Tliey  were  married  in  l.sTti.  'Plie 
children  are  Leone,  who  is  seventeen  yeais  old; 
(irace,  Arthur  II.,  jr.,  and  .Mar<(aret. 

IJmmkk,  K.s.m.v.s  \V.,  .son  of  Esaias  and 
Katie  (vStreif)  Blnmer,  was  born  in  Switzerland 
in  1  ■'<•>.">.  .\t  the  age  of  fonr  years  he,  with  his 
father  and  mother,  came  to  this  conntry  in  l-SdT, 
locatini^  at  Herder,  Missouri,  where  he  attended 
the  countr\'  schools  nntil  sixteen  years  old, 
when  he  began  work  for  his  father  in  the  lum- 
ber and  furniture  business  as  lumber  measurer, 
remaining  one  year  when,  feeling  that  a  country 
town  was  not  the  place  for  rapid  de\'elopment 
for  a  young  man  of  ambition  and  energy,  he 
came  to  St.  Ivouis  and  at  once  found  em])loy- 
ment  with  the  Joseph  Hafner  Manufacturing 
Company,  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years  he 
was  made  order  and  estimating  clerk  of  said 
company,  a  position  of  important  trust,  and 
which  he  tilled  with  much  credit  and  satisfac- 
tion to  his  emplovers,  and  where  he  remained 
six  rears. 

Mr.  Dlunier,  altlitiugh  not  hax'ing  the  ad\'au- 
tages  of  an  educatit)n  enjoyed  by  the  more 
favored  sons  of  the  residents  of  a  large  city,  hav- 
ing onl\'  the  ad\'autages  offered  by  a  countrv 
school,  of  si.K  mouths  in  the  \ear,  had,  nex'erthe- 
less,  a  greater  ambition  and  a  longing  desire  to 
climb  the  ladder  of  fame  and  fortune,  and  with 
his  own  money,  which  he  had  saved  in  the 
•meantime,  he  bought  the  \acant  property-  on 
the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Dock  streets,  and 
erected  a  fine  sukstantial  brick  structure  for  his 
factory  for  stair  building  and  interior  finish, 
employing  one  hundred  skilled  mechanics,  and 
he  has  built  up  a  trade  that  is  second  to  none  in 
the  conntry,  extending  to  all  points  of  the 
United  States  and  Mexico,  where  he  sends  his 
own  men  to  put  np  their  work,  and  whenever 
practicable  gives  to  every  detail  his  own 
personal  supervision. 

He  has  made  his  business  a  study,  as  a  doctor 
or  lawyer  does  his  profession,  believing  that  a 


man  to  succeed  in  an\  career  in  life  should 
master  every  detail;  and  that  he  has  mastered  it 
in  a  thorough  manner  is  plaiidy  e\ideut  in  the 
grand  success  that  he  has  achieved;  in  lad,  he 
is  a  fair  type  of  the  ])ushing  gcj-a-head  men, 
who  b\'  their  own  energx'  and  brains  contribute 
so  matcrialK-  to  a  city's  growth  and  prosperity. 
.Mr.  Blnmer  is  a  man  who  deserves  a  great 
deal  of  credit  and  has  shown  his  ability  and 
energy  by  his  rajjid  increase  of  business,  which 
has  doubled  in  capacity  since  the  spring  of 
ISIKi. 

KoEXH-,,  Wii.i.i.-VM,  son  of  Henry  and  (Ger- 
trude (Koenig)  Koenig,  was  born  in  I'i'ussia, 
(lermauN,  in  the  year  lSiS-1.  His  father  was  a 
lujuse  carpenter,  and  in  the  \ear  lM|n  he  came 
to  .Vmerica  and  located  in  St.  Louis,  his  young 
son  commencing  at  an  early  age  to  work  at  the 
same  business.  The  jiopnlation  of  St.  Louis  at 
that  time  was  less  than  |s,()(iil,  and  the  school 
acconnuodations  were  of  a  somewhat  primitive 
character.  Young  Koenig  attended  the  public 
schools  during  the  da\-,  and  after  school  was  in 
the  habit  of  joining  his  father  and  assisting  in 
the  building  that  he  was  erecting.  This  brought 
him  into  contact  with  a  nnndjcr  of  businessmen. 

In  1.S4II  Mrs.  Koenig  died  during  the  cholera 
epidemic,  which  was  followed  by  the  great  fire, 
and  business  generalh-  was  badlv  demoralized 
at  that  time.  .Mr.  Koenig  gave  up  housekeep- 
ing, and  William,  although  but  fifteen  )-ears  of 
age,  was  comjielled  to  earn   his  own   li\elihood. 

He  obtained  emi)loyment  as  office-boy  with 
L\i>n,  vShiirb  X:  Coni])an\-,  who  were  proprietors 
of  the  Sligo  Iron  Store.  .Soon  after  his  appoint- 
ment the  ri\-er  navigation  to  and  from  St.  Louis 
Ijecauie  the  greatest  in  the  I'nited  .States,  and 
continued  such  until  it  was  superseded  b\'  rail- 
I'oad  accommodation.  Young  Koenig  quickly 
grew  into  the  confidence  of  his  em])loyers,  and 
was  made  shipping  clerk  for  the  house,  which 
was  a  branch  of  one  of  the  largest  Pittsburgh 
iron  concerns  at  the  time. 

As  shipping  clerk  Mr.  Koenig  gained  a  large 
number  of  friends  among  river  men,  who  were 
the  leading  merchants  and  jobbers  of  the  West. 


niOCRAPHICAI.    AI'PENnrX. 


420 


His  work  required  great  activity,  for  during  the  deem  and  improve  old  laud.     Over  20,000  copies 

year   l.s')l    no  less  tlian  "2, 97;")  Ijoats  arrived  at  were  distributed,  aud  the  result  was  a  general 

this  ]>orl,  with  a  tonnage  of  710  tons.  sowing  of  clover  seed  in  .Missouri  and  the  West 

In   I'^TiS,  wlii-n   t\vent\-two  years  of  age,  Wx.  to  such  an  extent  that  to-da\'  few  farmers  are  to 

Koeuig    left   the    iron    business  and   associated  be  found  without  a  profitable  clover  patch.      In 

himself  with  Colonel  John  Garnett,  one  of  his  lX(i()  the  firm  introduced  into  this  section  the 

linilluT  employes  of  Lyon,  Shorb  &  Company,  lUickeye  mowing  and  reaping  machines,  which 

Mr.  Koeuig  has  been  handling  ever  since. 


aud  tile  two  started  a  seed  and  agricultural  busi 
ness  on  Second  street,  between  Pine  aud  ()]i\c 
under  the  firm  name  of  John  Garnett  &  Com 
pany.  Business  ojXMU-d  up  satisfactorily,  ant 
the  young  firm  had 
ever\-  prosjiect  of  suc- 
cess until  the  out- 
break of  the  war  in 
bSlil,  when,  large 
()  u  I  s  I  a  u  d  i  n  g  ac- 
counts in  the  South 
becoming  bad,  the 
outlook  was  made 
\-erv  gloom\\  Mr. 
( 'laruetl  was  so  dis- 
couraged that  he  re- 
tired from  the  firm 
to  his  farm  in  I^ewis 
c()uut\',  Missouri. 
Thisleft  ahea\-y  load 
on  lhe\<)uug  remain- 
ing ]iarlner,  but  Mr. 
Koeuig  was  deter- 
mined to  succeed, 
and  manfully  facing 
the  great  dilliculties 
before  him  ox'ercame 
ihem  all   and   estab- 


..^MH,^,. 


■il^ 


will  rXT     KOKNUi. 


In  l'St)2  ^Ir.  Koeuig  was  elected  a  director  of 
the  (rerman  .Saxings  Institution,  and  has  been 
ot  tlie  board  of  that  sound  institution  e\-er  since. 

He  is  also  a  director 
of  the  Washington 
Insurance  Company. 
Mr.  Koenig  is  natu- 
rall}of  a  retiring  dis- 
position, but  was 
persuaded  in  ISSl 
to  run  for  the  School 
Board  f  r  o  m  the 
Ninth  Ward.  His 
rec(U'(l  on  the  .School 
Board  is  one  of  the 
most  honorable  ac- 
com]-)lished,  and  as 
chairman  of  the  Fi- 
nance Committee  he 
succeeded  in  hand- 
ling the  l)oard's 
funds  to  great  ad- 
\anlage. 

Mr.  Koenig  took 
an  acli\e  part  in  the 
movement  for  the 
erection   of   a   Hisrh 


/ 


lish(.-il    his    house   ou  a  sulislautial    looting.      As  .School  building.      liolh  on  the  tloor  of  the  board 

an  instance  of  his   ]iush  aud   energy,  it  may  be  aud  in  the  public  press,  he  ])ointed  out   the   fal- 

menlioned  that,  having  introduced  a  number  of  lacy  of  the  i)roposition  which  involved  the  erec- 

uew   st>  les    in    agricultural    machinery,    ]ilows,  tion  of  this  building  out  of   the   yearly  revenue 

etc.,  many  of  which  still  take  front  rank  among  of  the  school,  aud  in  this  as  in   the  other  of  his 

implements,    Mr.   Koenig  was  .struck  with  the  main    propositions    he    was    successful.      His 

tact    that  western  farmers  were  neglecting  their  earnestness  and  integrity  were  highly  ap]>reci- 

old    lands,    instead    of   redeeming  aud   bringing  ated  b\'  his  colleagues  and   were  of  great  vahie 

them  back  to  culti\ ,uiou.     I le  accordingly  issued  at  critical  ]>eriods. 

a  pamidilet  for  free  distribution  among  farmers,  Mr.  Koeuig  was  married  on  January  10,  l.S,'),S, 

urging  the  importance  of  sowing  cIo\er,  which  to  Miss  Caroline  Gutbrod,  of  St.  Louis,  and  has 

would   not  ouK  yield  a  good  crop,  htu  also  re-  ten  children  —  nine  .sons  and  one  daughter. 


480 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.   I.OUIS. 


(i.\N.\iii.,  j<  iii\  J.,  was  honi  in  T\  rol,  Auslria, 
December  Kl,  l.s.is.  He  is  the  son  of  John  J. 
and  Henedicta  (  Wnerbel )  (ianahl;  attended  tlie 
conniion  schools  until  he  was  fourteen  years  old. 
when  he  went  to  work  for  his  father,  who,  in 
addition  to  snpfrintendin.i;  his  two  farms,  was 
conducting  a  butcher  business  and  operated  a 
flour  mill.  He  came  to  this  country  when  he 
was  .seventeen  years  old,  as  a  passenger  on  the 
sailing  vessel  Mitc/il/iaiiseii,  landing  at  New 
Orleans.  I'Vom  there  he  came  to  St.  Louis. 
Arri\ing  in  this  city  in  June,  1>!.')I),  he  secured 
a  position  on  a  (ierman  daily  and  weekh'  paper, 
named  Tai;rs-C/iroi?i\\  ])ublished  by  Francis 
vSaler,  doing  general  work  for  the  office,  for  one 
dollar  a  week  and  board,  for  a  short  time;  lor 
several  years  following  he  had  charge  of  the 
mailing  de])artment,  and  after  that  took  charge 
of  the  collecting  and  advertising  dej^artment; 
then  was  made  book-keeper  and  general  busi- 
ness manager,  which  position  he  held  for  three 
years,  until  1«()3,  when  he  started  in  the  lum- 
ber business  in  a  small  way,  having  associated 
with  him  in  the  business  John  P.  Fleitz,  who 
soon  afterwards  moved  to  Detroit,  Michigan, 
leaving  the  business  in  charge  of  ^Ir.  (ianahl. 
In  \x't\^  lie  bought  his  partner's  interest  and 
continued  the  business  alone  until  18S1,  when 
he  organized  and  secured  articles  of  incorpora- 
tion for  "The  John  J.  (ianahl  Lumber  Com- 
pany," with  general  offices  at  Second  street  and 
Park  avenue,  with  two  branch  yards  in  the  city 
and  one  at  Millstadt,  Illinois.  ^Ir.  Ganahl  also 
operates  a  planing  mill  independent  of  his  lum- 
ber business,  under  the  name  of  "The  Xuelle 
&  Ganahl  Planing  Mill  Company."  This  es- 
tablishment does  a  very  extensive  business. 
While  uniformly  successful  in  business,  he  suf- 
fered a  heavy  loss  in  l.S.S(»,  his  planing  mill 
being  destroyed  by  fire  while  he  and  his 
daughter  were  visiting  in  the  South. 

Mr.  Ganahl  was  also  interested  in,  and  for 
many  years  a  director  and  the  treasurer  of  the 
St.  Clair  Ferry  and  Transfer  Companv,  formerlv 
the  Cahokia  Ferry  Conipan\-. 

He  was  one  of  the  incorporators  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  first  board  of  directors  of  the  Lafav- 


elte  vSavings  I>ank,  iitiw  the  Lafa\etle  liank. 
His  newspaper  knowledge  and  experience, 
gained  b\-  seven  years'  hard  work  when  a  \outh, 
has  recently  been  of  great  .service  to  him  in 
enabling  him,  as  president  of  the  German  Print- 
ing and  Piiblisliiiig  Association,  to  make  a  finan- 
cial success  of  Dcr  Jlcro/d  dcs  (J/aiidnis^  a 
German  Catholic  newspaper  of  growing  circula- 
tion and  influence. 

Although  actively  and  conlinuousK-  engaged 
in  business,  Mr.  Cianahl  finds  liiiie  to  give  con- 
siderable attention  to  ]mblic  affairs.  In  1.S.S7 
he  was  one  of  the  Democratic  iKJininees  for  the 
City  Council  from  the  city  at  large,  and  was 
elected  by  the  largest  majoritv  given  to  anv  of 
the  candidates,  except  one.  His  every  act  and 
vote  during  his  four  years'  service  as  a  member 
of  the  Council,  was  characterized  by  the  same 
integrity  and  uprightness  that  has  gi\cn  him 
his  emiable  reputation  as  a  business  man.  He 
was  ever  on  the  alert  to  conser\e  and  promote 
the  interests  of  the  city,  and  was  at  all  times  an 
untiring  and  able  advocate  of  every  measure 
that  was  calculated  to  place  St.  I.ouis  in  the 
leatl  of  the  great  cities  of  the  United  States. 
In  IS.s;')    Mr.  Cranahl   took   a  triji   to   ICurope. 

.Mr.  Ganahl  has  been  married  twice;  the  first 
time  on  February  !.'>,  lst;s,  to  Miss  lilizabeth 
■Stcber,  of  St.  lyouis,  who  died  on  Novemljer, 
b'^7.");  the  second  time  to  Miss  Marv  Louisa 
Josejjh,  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  the  father  of  three 
children  by  his  first  marriage — Louis  J.,  Theo- 
dore C.  and  Matilda,  who  died  at  the  age  of 
thirteen  >ears.  By  his  second  marriage  he  has 
five  children — three  girls  and  two  bo\s — Octa- 
\ia,  Cecil,  Clara,  Rudolph  and  Hubert. 

CAK'n'i-:i^  .Mii.o  .S.,  the  well-known  engineer, 
bridge  builder  and  contractor  of  .St.  Louis,  was 
l)oni  in  Hlaiidford,  Massachusetts,  j\lay  i>l,  182S. 
His  father.  Waterman  Cartter,  and  his  mother, 
IvUc\-  Cartter  i/c-(-  Luc\-  Frisbv,  were  both 
descendants  of  the  early  Puritans.  The  former 
was  an  engineer  and  bridge  builder,  a  business 
he  followed  uj)  to  the  lime  of  his  death,  which 
occurred  in  1S4().  Milo  S.  was  educated  in  the 
town    where  he  was    born,  attending  the  com- 


<^// 


/;/( M.R.u'iiicAL  .  irri:xnjx. 


\u 


inoii  scliools  of  Rlaiul ford  up  to  his  sixteenth  year.  formed   a   parlnershi])   with    liis    brotlicr,  II.  H. 

He  tlieii   left  school   and   went  to  work  for  his  Cartter,  doini^  liis  first   work  as  a  contractor  on 

father.                                      .  the    Hannibal   &    St.  Joe   road,  and    has    been 

Two  years  later,  while  en^^aged   in  an  inipor-  acti\'ely    engaged    in    the    business  ever  since, 

tant  contract,  ^Ir.  Waterman  Cartter  died,  after  excepting  a  short  time  dnring  the  late  civil  war. 

an  illness  of  six  months,      .\lthongh   then  only  His  work  most  of  the  time  during  that  period 

about    eighteen   \ears   old,    Milo    S.    was  gi\'en  was  included  in  a  contract  on  the  (xreat  Western 

charge  of  the  work  when  his  father  was  stricken.  Railroad,  of  Illinois,  now  a  part  of  the  Wabash 

and  continued  to  act  as  superintendent  until  the  system;    but    in    l.S();}  and    l!S(U   he  was   doing 

contract    was    completed.        Mr.    Cartter    then  militar\-  work,  building  bridges,  in  the  Depart- 

accepted  an  offer  from  a  tirm   of  bridge  builders  uieul  of  the  Ohio.      Although  a  non-combatant. 


to  go  to  Ohio,  where 
he  was  given  charge 
of  construction  of 
bridges  on  the  Cleve- 
land    &     Columbus 

Railroad.  This  road 
wa  s  t  h  c  first  to 
adoi)t  the  use  of  the 
T  rail,  now  in 
general  use.  Two 
years  was  the  term 
of  his  employment 
with  this  firm,  from 
it  lu-  went  to  the 
com  pa  n  \  w  h  i  c  h 
owned  llu'  Howe 
truss  patent,  the  first 
UK-uticUR'd  t-iiuipau\' 
luuing  decided  to  go 
out  of  business. 

Huriug  llu-  next 
two  years  he  super- 
intended     the     con- 


iMII.O  S.  CARin^R. 


his  title  was  general 
superintendent  o  f 
bridges,  and  ranks 
next  to  that  of 
general. 

In  l.St;."i  .Mr.  Cart- 
ter returned  to  St. 
Louis,  and  resumed 
a  partnership  rela- 
tion with  hisbrother, 
w  h  i  c  h  continued 
until  bs7N,  when  the 
membership  of  tlie 
firm  was  changed  bv 
the  retirement  of  H. 
15.  Cartter,  and  the 
admission  of  A.  W. 
Hubbard  and  W.  S. 
Cartter,  the  latter 
his  son,  constituting 
a  company  that  is 
one  of  the  most  im- 
pt)rtant  in  its  line  of 
business  in  the  West. 
mailers   Mr.  Cartter's  views  are 


struction  ol   bridges 

on  roads  thronghonl  (  iliio  and  Keulue\  ,  .nul  nn  In    religiuu-- 

the  Little   Miami   road   accomplished   what   was  broad  and  liberal,    and  he   holds  tliat    no   better 

then  considered  a  difficult  engineering  feat,  by  guide  of  human  action   can   be   found   than  the 


taking  down  an  old  bridge  and  imtting  a  new 
out.'  in  its  place  withnul  a\\\  inlerfeieuci'  wilh 
regular  traffic.  Willi  iikhU'iu  a])pliances  and 
tools  this  is  now  nlieii  done,  but  it  was  a  new 
and  difiicult  uiuleilakiug  in   lS."i(i. 

In  l^.'il  Mr.  Curlier  came  lo  .Si.  Louis  and 
secured  einployiiieiil  wilh  llie  .Missouri  Pacific 
road,  which  was  then  building,  as  su|H'riiilend- 
eut    of    const  ruction    ol    bridijes.      In     1S.")7    lu' 


principle  embodied  in  the  golden  rule.  I'olitic- 
all\  he  is  a  Deinocral,  a  conservative  who 
beliexes  that  moderation  and  lime-tried  methods 
sluuild  be  applied  in  the  administration  of  pub- 
lic affairs.  Mr.  Cartter  married  in  iJSoO  Miss 
Isabella  McXeii,  of  Madison  county,  Ohio. 
The\-  lia\e  two  children — a  .son  and  a  daughter, 
and  Mr.  Carlter's  home  life  is  an  exception- 
ally happ\  one. 


4:?2 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


hi.NK,  Tiii:oi)()Ki',  C. — As  iiRiUioncd  in  Uk- 
chapter  on  railroads  in  lliis  Ijook,  the  new  Union 
Depot  is  an  honor  to  the  city,  and  even  to  the 
country,  and,  as  is  also  mentioned  in  that  chap- 
ter, the  thanks  of  St.  Louis  are  due  to  the 
financiers  wlio  made  it  possible  to  cnnslrurl  tlie 
hnildin,<r,  and  even  more  to  the  architect  who 
displayed  such  signal  ability  in  prepariufj  the 
plans,  and  who  has  since  superintended  so  ably 
the  execution  of  his  own  ori.y;inal  and  magnifi- 
cent desio;n. 

The  latter  is  Mr.  Theodore  C.  Link,  one  of 
the  most  ])rotnincnt  arcliitects  in  llic  cit\'.  He 
was  born  near  Heidelberg,  Germany,  on  ^Nlarch 
17,  l^SoO.  He  was  educated  at  Heidelberg, 
London,  England,  and  at  the  Ecole  des  Arts  et 
Metiers  at  Paris,  where  he  studied  architecture 
and  engineering.  When  twenty  years  of  age 
he  came  to  .America,  locating  in  St.  Louis  some 
three  years  later.  Before  making  this  city  his 
home,  he  sjient  a  year  in  New  York,  another 
year  at  Philadelphia,  and  then  went  to  Te.xas, 
where  he  executed  some  important  commissions 
for  the  Texas  &  Pacific  Railroad  at  Sherman, 
Houston  and  Jefferson. 

His  first  connection  in  ,St.  Louis  was  with 
the  .\tlantic  &  Pacific  Railroad  Company  in  its 
bridges  and  buildings  department,  and  here  he 
displayed  talent  of  the  highest  order.  .After 
serving  for  a  short  time  as  assistant  chief  en- 
gineer at  Forest  ]iark,  he  was  appointed  super- 
intendent of  public  parks,  a  position  he  occupied 
until  the  new  scheme  and  charter  went  into 
effect.  He  then  went  to  Pittsburgh,  Philadel- 
phia and  New  York,  carrying  on  his  profession 
in  the  Hast  until  the  year  1S.SH,  when  he  re- 
turned to  St.  Louis  and  opened  an  office. 

During  the  last  ten  years  he  has  been  engaged 
in  a  number  of  important  enterprises,  among 
which  may  be  mentioned  the  unique  and  pict- 
uresque entrances  at  Westmoreland  and  Portland 
places,  the  Monticello  Seminary,  St.  :\Iark's 
Episcopal  Church,  the  .Alton  Puljlic  Library, 
the  East  St.  Louis  Ice  and  Cold  Storage  Build- 
ing, and  the  private  residences  of  John  Tracv, 
Nicholson  place  and  Lafayette  avenue;  E.  H. 
Warner,  Grand  avenue;  J.  W.  Buel,  Grand  and 


Lafaxelle  a\'enucs;  .\.  Moll,  lic-rJin,  m-ar  Ta\lor 
a\-cuue;  .\ugust  W.  Blankc,  Russi-11  avt-nuc; 
E.  E.  French,  Cab^nne  place;  L.  B.  Tebbetts, 
Portland  ])lace,  and  others  too  numerous  to 
mention. 

When  ])laus  were  solicited  for  the  new  Union 
De])()l,  .Mr.  Link  was  one  of  ten  architects  from 
all  parts  of  the  United  States  who  were  invited 
to  the  competition.  The  decision  of  the  experts 
was  unanimous  for  his  design,  it  being  their 
ojiinion  that  no  improvement  was  possible  on 
the  design  or  plan  of  his  creation.  The  marked 
success  of  his  work  on  this  mammoth  struclnrc 
has  been  the  subject  of  comment  and  congratu- 
lation from  local  residents  and  visitors,  and  has 
placed  Mr.  Link  in  the  foremo.st  position  as  an 
.Vmerican  architect.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
.\merican  Institute  of  .Architects;  was  twice 
elected  ]5resident  of  the  Missouri  State  .Associa- 
tion of  Architects;  and  is  a  member  of  the 
Architectural  League  of  New  York.  He  is  also 
a  member  of  Mercantile  and  Noonday. 

Mr.  Link  married  in  the  year  187.")  Miss  Annie 
Fuller,  of  Detroit,  Michigan,  daughter  of  Hon. 
L>nian  and  Louise  Care\-  Fuller.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Link  ha\'e  five  children,  Carl,  Herman,  luhvin, 
Clarence,  and  Louise,  and  reside  in  West 
Cabanne  ])lace. 

HOLMAX,  M.  L. — One  of  the  most  valuable 
an<l  efficient  water  commissioners  .St.  Louis 
e\er  had,  is  the  gentleman  who  now  occupies 
the  office,  and  who  is  the  subject  of  this  brief 
sketch.  The  son  of  John  H.  and  Mary  .\nn 
(Richards)  Holman,  he  was  born  in  the  little 
town  of  Mexico,  in  Oxford  county,  ]\Iaine,  June 
1.'),  1<H.")2.  When  he  was  seven  years  old,  or  in 
18')^',  his  parents  came  west  and  settled  in  this 
city.  Here  the  boy  was  sent  to  the  public 
schools  until  he  was  ready  to  enter  Washington 
University,  where  he  took  a  thorough  course  in 
civil  engineering,  devoting  his  whole  time  sub- 
sequently to  making  himself  proficient  in  that 
science,  and  becoming  most  expert  and  skillful 
in  the  ludraulic  engineering  branch  of  the  pro- 
fession. His  skill  in  this  branch  finally  met 
with  recognition  by   an   a]:)pointment  to  a  posi- 


nioGRArirn \\i.    irr/uyn/x. 


433 


tidii    ill   i1k-  cit\'    water  coininissioucr's  depart-  house,  tlie  sul)jcct  of  tliis  sketcli  is  a  desceiulant 

iiient.      This  was  soon  followed  by  jiromolioii  to  of    I'enjaniin    Franklin,    his   (grandmother  hear- 

the    office  of    principal   assistant  en<:;ineer,   and  in.<^'  the  name  of  the  illnstrions  philosopher, 

when  Maxor  I'rancis  sncceeded  to  the  ma\-oraUy,  His  father,  Marcus  A.,  came  to  St.  Lonis  with 

he    appointed    Mr.    Holmau  to  the  water  com-  his  father  and  family,  consistinfj  of  the  mother, 

missionershi]!.      He  was  reappointed  by  Mayor  four  sisters  and  three  brothers,  from    Lonisville 

.Voonan,  and  still  holds  over  nnder  Mayor  Wal-  by   boat  to   St.    Lonis,   the  trip   consnminjj   six 

bridge.      Botli    as    water   commissioner  and    as  weeks.      Shortly  after  his  arri\al   in   .St.  Louis, 

a  member  of  the  ]5oard  of  Public  Improvements,  Marcus  Wolff,   then   a   boy,   started   into   a   life 

in  which  double  capacit\'  he  acts,  he  must  I)e  that  was  to  have  more  than  a  fair  measure  of 

considered    as  a  public  benefactor.      He  seems  success,  by  sellintj  newspapers  on  the  streets. 

He     afterwards 


to  ha\e administered 
his  olliee  with  the 
ambition  to  be  re- 
mendierc'd  b\-  the 
people  as  one  of  their 
most  public-spirited 
olhcials,  and  it  will 
he  renRinl)ere<l  that 
it  was  durin^L;-  his  in- 
eund)enc\-  of  office 
that  tlie  extension  of 
the  water- works  and 
the  building^  of  the 
Cliain-of-Rocks  via- 
duct was  conceixed 
and  carried  out.  Mr. 
llolman  is  a  uumbei 
ol  tin-  American 
Society  of  Ci\il  b'.n- 
.i^ineers,  of  the 
•  Vnierican  Societv  of 
Mi'chauical  !•'.  nu;i- 
ueers,  of  the  luii^i- 
iieers'  Club  of  St. 
Louis,  of  ilu'  .\meriean  Water- Works  .\ssocia- 
lion.  Ill'  was  married  in  Seplend>er,  1^7'.',  It 
Margaret  H.   Holland,  of  St.   Louis. 


GEOROE  PRESIU'kV  WOl.rK. 


learned  the  printer's 
trade  on  the  old  .!//>- 
sot/ri  (ia:clt(\  work- 
in";  at  liis  trade  until 
1  'S-'iIt,  in  which  vear 
he  formed  a  jiarlner- 
sliip  with  S.  H.  Por- 
ter, and  opened  a 
real  estate  business 
in  which  he  was  en- 
ijaued  until  his 
death.  He  thus  be- 
came one  of  the  pio- 
neers of  the  business 
which  is  still  carried 
oil  b\'  ( ieorije  P. 
W  o  1  f  f  a  n  d  h  i  s 
brother. 

The  father  having 
made  his  own  wav 
ill  the  world,  he 
recognized  the  im- 
portance of  industry 
and  honestv  in  his  sons,  and  thus  young  (ieorge 
was  litleil  for  his  battles  with  the  world  by 
Ijeing  early  taught  the  necessity  of  integrit\- and 
self-reliance.  His  motlier,  wliose  favorite  he 
was,  ga\e  the  closest   attention   to   his  |irelimi- 


Wdi.I'I',   C.i'iu.tc.i':    l'i<i-:.si!tKV. — deorge    Pres- 

burv  Wolff  is  a  naliveof  .St.  Louis,  ha\ing  been  nary    education,  and    kept   him   at  the  P'rankliu 

boiu  Ikk.'  Dtcember  s,   is.");;.      He  is  the  son  of  School  in  this  cit\-  for  several   years.      He  next 

Marcus     .\.    and    I\li/a    j.    Wolff,    the    latler's  attended    the     lulward     Wyman     School,    then 

inaiileti  name  being  Curtis.      His  father,  Marcus  located  at  .Sixteenth  and  Pine,  until  IMM.    .\fter 

A.  Wollf,  was  the  son  of  a  ])oor  tailor,  who,  not-  a   two  years'   vacation    lie,  in    ISCii,  entered   St. 

w  iihsi.niiliu!.;    tonslaut     indnstr\  ,    was    alwavs  Louis   University,  remaining  there  until    If^Tl, 

\er\    pool.      I'.y   the  female  side  of  his  father's  taking    the    regular    cour.se,    graduating    with 
28 


484 


OLD  .wn  Niiw  sr.  i.oi'is. 


huuors,  lakiiij;  iIk-  first  ]>i\iniuiii  nl  liis  class  lor 
proficieiicx'  in  (ircek  and  the  second  prize  for 
Latin.  Early  in  life  the  boy  developed  a  taste 
for  reading,  showing  also  that  he  was  of  a 
social  nature,  and  that  he  was  domestic  in  liis 
inclinations  and  Iiahits;  and  such  trails  still 
characterize  him. 

-Vfter  leaving  school  Mr.  Wolff  went  lo  work 
in  the  office  of  M.  A.  Wolff  ^\:  Compan\  ,  his 
father  desiring  to  make  a  real  estate  man  of 
him,  and  starting  him  in  at  the  bottom  to  enable 
him  to  learn  fully  the  details  of  the  business. 
He  remained  in  his  father's  office  until  August, 
I'^^TIJ,  when  he  entered  the  service  of  Siege!  X: 
Robb,  plumbers  and  gas-fitters.  He  acted  in  the 
capacity  of  apprentice  and  salesman,  desiring  to 
learn  the  Inisiness  but  at  the  same  time  draw  a 
fair  salar\'. 

.•\fter  w(.)rking  at  the  trade  during  lialf  the 
da\-  and  selling  goods  the  balance,  until  he  had 
obtained  the  requisite  technical  knowledge,  his 
next  step  was  to  form  a  partnership  with 
Thomas  J.  Hennessey,  who  was  also  at  that 
time  an  employe  of  .Siegel  &  Robb,  and  since 
has  served  a  term  as  plumbing  inspector  for  the 
cit\'.  .\  plumber's  shop  was  established  at  Iil4 
Olive  street,  and  the  firm  conducted  a  \'ery 
prosperous  business  until  April,  l!S7."),  when  it 
was  dissolved  and  Mr.  Wolff  went  to  I^altimore 
where  he  entered  the  emi^lo}-  of  Carrnthers  & 
Son,  renuiiniug  with  them  a  \ear.  The  offer  of 
a  clerkship  b\-  the  Second  National  Bank,  of 
which  George  D.  Capen  was  president,  caused 
him  to  return  to  St.  Louis.  This  bank  going 
into  liquidation  in  January,  1<S7»,  cau.sed  him 
to  accept  a  similar  position  with  the  Third 
National,  but  he  resigned  this  position  after 
having  retained  it  only  a  few  mouths. 

His  next  position  was  with  the  St.  Louis 
Distilling  Company,  now  the  ^Mound  Citv  Distill- 
ing Company,  where  he  remained  until  January, 
1«.S(),  when  he  again  went  to  work  in  his 
father's  office.  There  he  has  since  remained  in 
the  capacities  of  clerk,  salesman  and  proprietor. 
Mr.  Wolff  is  liberal  as  well  as  i)ublic  spirited, 
and  has  always  been  ready  to  aid  with  his  purse 
any  enterprise  tending  to  advance  the  citv's  in- 


terests, being  a  hea\'\'  subscriber  to  such  under- 
takings as  the  fall  festi\ities,  exposition,  etc. 
Altliongh  in  every  respect  a  substantial  Demo- 
crat, he  has  ne\'er  desired  an\'  official  position, 
except  that  of  iu)tary  public,  an  apjiointive 
ofTicc,  the  commissions  for  wliicli  in-  has  received 
from  fi\e  scjxirate  go\x'rnors. 

He  is  an  honored  member  of  Aurora  Lodge, 
A.  i'\  and  A.  .M . ,  and  is  also  a  nKiubcr  of  Alpha 
Council,  Legion  of  Honor.  In  religion  he  is  a 
Methodist,  and  is  one  of  the  leading  uiembers  of 
the  .St.  John's  Church  of  this  cit\-. 

Mr.  Wolff  was  married  at  Cincinnati,  on  Ma\' 
K;,  ins;;,  to  Mi.ss  Alice  E.  Eaton,  a  daughter  of 
Dr.  .M.  .M.  Eaton,  a  prominent  physician  of  that 
cit\',  the  patentee  of  several  surgical  instru- 
ments and  the  author  of  several  x'alnable  med- 
ical books.  The  marriage  has  been  blessed  b\- 
{\\i^  children — three  boys  and  two  girls.  Mr. 
Wolff  is  a  man  of  a  ner\-ons  and  ini|)nlsi\-e  tem- 
perament, quick  and  ]iositi\e.  He  is  affable 
and  socially  inclined,  and  is  a  man  true  as  steel 
to  his  friends.  His  discernment  and  sound  busi- 
ness sense  is  a  basis  on  which  he  will  \'ct  build 
a  fortune. 

\'iKRX()W,  C.r.ST.wi-;  .M.,  the  brick  and  stone 
contractor,  is  a  .St.  Lonisan  who  lias  earned  his 
success  by  his  own  industrio\is  efforts.  ISegin- 
ning  here  in  St.  Louis  as  a  laborer,  he  has  worked 
himsell  u[)  to  a  position  of  iuijiorlance  and  pros- 
perity, and  now  does  one  of  the  biggest  contract- 
ing bvisinesses  in  the  cit\-. 

.\s  indicated  by  his  name,  Mr.  \'iernow  is  of 
German  parentage,  he  being  the  son  of  Gustave 
and  Christian  Viernow.  He  looks  back  with 
fond  recollections  to  the  little  Prussian  Island 
of  Rugen,  in  the  Baltic  Sea,  as  his  l)irthplace. 
There  he  passed  his  childhood  and  his  earh' 
\outh,  until  the  wonderful  talcs  brought  to  his 
island-home  of  the  New  World,  where  equal 
chances  existed  for  all  and  favors  were  gi\'cn  to 
none,  where  merit  and  not  accident  was  the 
means  of  advancement,  so  worked  on  his  ambi- 
tion and  the  spirit  of  adventure  within  him, 
that  he  bade  his  parents  and  friends  adieu  and 
embarked  for  the   land  of  the  setting  sun.      It 


BroGRAPiriCAi.  .  iri'i-.xnix. 


435 


was  in  ISiKi,  wIkii  yotin.q' (iiisla\c'  liad  l)arel\' 
reached  his  eit^hteeutli  }-ear,  that  lie  set  out  to 
search  for  happiness  and  fortune  in  a  new  land 
and  among  a  strange  people. 

Shortly  after  reaching  America  he  came  to 
St.  lyouis,  attracted  by  the  opportunities  it  then 
offered  to  a  young  man  with  the  fabric  of  his 
jirosperity  yet  to  construct,  as  well  as  the  fact 
that  many  of  his  countrymen  had  found  homes 
liere.  (lUstave  though  voting  in  \ears  was 
wise  enough  to  know  that  e\eii  America,  with 
its  boundless  oppor- 
tunities, offered 
nothing  to  him  who 
would  not  work  for 
it.  He  determined 
that  if  he  failed  it 
would  nut  be  because 
(if  a  lack  of  industry, 
and  he  accordingh', 
soon  after  his  arrival 
here,  obtained  a  sit- 
uation as  a  laborer 
in  I'atih's  foundry. 
1  Ic  had  learned  the 
trade  of  a  brick- 
layer  in  (iermauv, 
but  as  11  o  thin  g 
ulferid  ill  that  line, 
willi  the  iiidustr\- 
that  succeeds,  he 
tncik  the  first  cm- 
plo\UK-iit  at  hand. 

He  only  continued 
a  slK)rt  time  at  work 
in  the   fouiidr\  .      I  h- 


aUSTAVE  M.  VIERNOW. 


le  was  soon  la\iiig  brick  at 
good  wages,  and  CDiiliinu-d  Id  wuvk  at  his  trade 
until  1S72,  in  which  \ear  he  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  his  brother,  Morris,  and  went  into  the 
brick  contracting  business.  The  brothers  did 
a  business  of  funiishiug  and  la\  ing  brick  and 
stone,  uiKU'r  the  rinii  uaiiK'  ol  Xieriiuw  iS: 
Ibdthcr  until  l^^T,  when  the  pailiR-rship  was 
dissuKed,  Morris  bu\  ing  an  interest  in  a  stone 
ijuarry  at  Carthage,  Missouri. 

(iust.ue   conlinued   the   I)nsiness   here   in    St. 
I.ouis,  and  under   his  able  and  honest  adminis- 


tration it  has  grown  to  enormous  ])roportioii. 
A  few  of  the  big  buildings  on  which  Mr.  \'ier- 
now  has  had  the  brick  and  construction  con- 
tracts are  the  new  Wainwright  P.uildiiig,  Wain- 
wriglit  Brewery,  Municipal  Electric  Light  Sta- 
tion, Severn  Building,  J.  Q.  Meyer  Building, 
Anheuser-Busch  Brewery  extensions.  He  had 
also  the  brick  contract  for  extending  the  water- 
works at  Bisselks  Point.  Houses  for  K.  Wain- 
wright, J.  C.  Orrick  and  \V.  L.  Newman  are  a 
few  of  the  finer  residences   he  has  recentlv  con- 

t  r  a  c  t  e  d  .  These 
buildings  are  named 
to  illustrate  that  Mr. 
\'ieriiow  stands  at 
the  head  of  his  busi- 
ness, and  b)-  the  fact 
that  he  is  given  the 
contracts  to  do  much 
of  the  finest  work  in 
the  city,  showing 
the  kind  of  a  busi- 
ness man  he  is. 

Mr.  \'iernow  is 
thoroughh-  progres- 
sive in  all  things, 
but  especially  in  his 
business.  He  has 
the  honor  of  first 
introdnciug  iiitn  .St. 
Louis  the  s  t  e  a  m 
hoisting  ajiparatns 
used  in  the  construc- 
tion of  buildings. 
He  it  was  also  who 
lirst  used  in  this  t'ii\  the  machine  which  mixes 
mortar  by  steam  ])ii\ver.  Besides  his  l)rick 
business,  Mr.  \'ieriuiw  furnishes  fanc\' cut  stone 
to  contractors. 

Mr.  \'ieriiow  has  been  married  o\er  a  score  of 
years,  he  having  chosen  Miss  W'ilhelmina 
.Sclianz  of  this  cit>-  as  his  helpmate  and  life 
partner.  Tlie\-  were  married  in  bS7<>,  and  five 
children  born  to  tliein  ha\c  lived  to  bless  and 
cement  the  union.  But  while  these  five  children 
have  lived  to  be  the  pride  of  their  parents,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  \'ieniow  have  felt  the  bitter  sorrow  of 


4S(i 


oi.n  AND  N/-:\v  ST.  /.or/s. 


till'  loss  of  two  link'  ones.  Of  the  children  liv- 
ing all  arc-  twirls  hnt  one.  The  girls  are  Louisa, 
Clara,  Bcrlha  and  Cora.  The  son,  Henry,  is  a 
promising  \onng  man  and  is  his  father's  assist- 
ant in  his  business. 

n.\Ki:K,  Wii.i.iAM  J.,  was  born  in  London, 
Kngland,  on  ]{o.\ing  Day,  or  December  2(), 
l.S.')7,  and  hence  is  about  thirty-six  years  of  age. 
His  father,  Mr.  Josejih  Baker,  and  his  inothtv, 
formerly  .Miss  Ellen  Keane,  were  both  of  Irish 
descent.  They  came  to  this  country  about  1X70, 
and  the  subject  of  this  sketch  completed  his 
education  at  the  Christian  P>rothers'  College  and 
at  the  Mound  City  Commercial  College. 

While  a  boy  he  spent  a  great  deal  of  time 
among  the  employes  of  his  uncle,  who  was 
doing  a  lieavy  bricklaying  business,  and  on 
leaving  college  he  worked  as  apprentice  to  this 
gentleman,  whom  he  served  faithfully  for  a 
period  of  four  years,  when  he  was  promoted  to 
the  position  as  foreman,  and  one  year  later  sub- 
sequently succeeded  his  uncle  in  the  business. 
He  was  in  partnership  with  Mr.  Thomas  McDer- 
mott  (  McDermott  X;  I'.aker )  until  the  year  LSTH, 
when  the  partnership  was  dissoh'ed  and  Mr. 
Baker  continued  in  the  Inisiness  alone.  He  has 
done  an  exceptionally  extensive  business,  and 
has  acquired  a  reputation  for  brick-work  which 
defies  criticism,  and  which  is  substantial  in  the 
extreme.  During  one  season  alone  he  erected 
over  one  hundred  aiul  ten  buildings,  and  has 
more  than  once  passed  the  one  hundred  mark. 

Among  the  edifices  in  the  construction  of 
which  the  first-class  character  of  his  work  can 
be  seen  may  be  mentioned  the  Christian  Broth- 
ers' College,  the  Redemptorist  Fathers'  School, 
the  new  'Frisco  Freight  Depot,  between  Seventh 
and  Tenth  streets,  the  Refrigerating  House  of 
the  Lafayette  Brewery,  tlic  magnificent  Con- 
\-ent  of  the  Gt)od  vShei)herd,  at  Xormandv,  the 
Catholic  Protectorate  at  Glencoe,  Missouri,  the 
new  million  dollar  Planters'  Hotel,  the  Martin 
Building,  the  St.  Joseph's  Orphan  Asylum,  the 
building  occupied  by  the  Little  Sisters  of  the 
Poor,  the  Eniilie  Building,  Ninth  and  Olive,  and 
the  Hagan  Opera  House  on  Tenth  and  Pine. 


These  are  only  a  few  of  his  best  works,  the 
bulk  of  his  time  having  been  devoted  to  ]irivate 
residences,  se\'enl\-three  of  which  he  erected  in 
the  vear  l>i!n  alone.  Mr.  Baker  is  an  intelli- 
gent man,  full\-  competent  to  draw  his  own  plans 
if  required,  and  always  on  the  lookout  for 
defects  and  po.ssible  failings.  P>y  making  his 
work  a  life  study  he  has  developed  it  into  an  art, 
and  he  seems  to  regard  bad  work  on  the  ]')art  of 
his  emploxcs  a  personal  injnrv  to  himself.  His 
keen  personal  su])ervision  is  highly  appreciated 
by  those  who  have  entrusted  their  interests  into 
his  keeping,  and  cases  in  which  complaints  are 
made  h\  architects  under  wlumi  he  works  are 
rare  in  the  extreme,  nor  has  he  on  any  occasion 
since  entering  Inisiness  been  in  any  legal  dis- 
])ute  resulting  from  defective  work.  .Mr.  Baker 
is  an  active  member  of  the  Builders'  Kxchange, 
and  filled  the  presidential  chair  very  acceptably 
in  INiKi.  He  was  a  delegate  to  the  national 
convention  recently  held  in  Boston,  where  his 
counsel  was  regarded  as  of  exceptional  \alne. 
He  has  just  been  elected  president  of  the  Knights 
of  St.  Patrick,  is  treasurer  of  the  Elks  Club, 
and  a  member  of  the  Mercantile  and  Manpiette 
clubs. 

He  married  in  !>!>;<'  Miss  Laura  Harrigan, 
eldest  daughter  of  the  chief  of  ]iolice.  He  has 
one  daughter — Xellie. 

PVxsTKR,  RoiiiCRT  MAORfDKR,  the  second  son 
of  Dr.  Sterling  J.  and  X'irgiuia  (Heard)  P'oster, 
was  born  in  Putnam  county,  (icorgia,  ]\Iay  L-5, 
l.S.vi,  from  which  vState  his  father  moved  early 
in  \x.u\  to  Lnion  .Springs,  .Mabania,  where  as  a 
planter  and  physician  he  still  resides.  Mr. 
F'oster  comes  of  a  long  line  of  lawyers,  doctors 
and  divines,  being  the  direct  descendant  of  John 
F'oster  of  Hallifax  countv,  \'irginia;  the  nephew 
of  Nathaniel  Green  Foster,  fix.  .M.C.,  and  Judge 
.Vlbert  (t.  Foster,  of  ^tladison,  Georgia,  Judge 
Adam  (r.  P'oster,  of  Burnett,  Texas,  and  James 
M.  F'oster,  one  of  the  leading  physicians  of 
Alabama,  and  grand-nephew  of  Stephen  Heard 
and  Thomas  Magruder,  eminent  divines  of  Ala- 
bama and   Mississippi. 

His  collegiate  education  was  received  at  the 


ni( v/A'.  \riiii ".  //.    APni-.xiux. 


437 


Ivasl  Alal)aiiia  Male  Collci^e,  at  Auhuni,  Ala- 
l)ama,  wliicli  lie  attendetl  two  years,  and  at 
I)a\i(lsiiii  College,  Mecklenburg  county.  North 
Carolina,  from  which  he  received  the  degree 
of  IJ.A.,  in  If^Tl,  and  three  years  later,  the 
degree  of  M.A.  I'pon  leaving  college  he  aj)- 
plied  himself  assiduously  to  the  law,  when  he 
was  cum])elled  to  gi\'e  it  U])  for  a  \'ear,  on  ac- 
count of  his  health,  devoting  himself  during 
that  time  to  all  sorts  of  plantation  work  and  out- 
door sjjorts;  being  accounted  one  of  the  best 
wing  shots  in  his 
CO  u  n  t  \",  ol  w  h  i  I'h 
spcjrt  he  is  still  fond 
and  e\er\'  vear,  dur- 
ing the  Ch  rist  mas 
holithus,  makes  a 
visit  to  his  old  hunt- 
ing grounds. 

IvuK'  in  l!-<7;>  he  re- 
newed hislawstndies 
a  u  (1  ,  (1  eci  (1  i  n  g  to 
locate  in  St.  I^ouis, 
entered  the  St.  Louis 
Law  School  the  fol- 
lowing fal  1  ,  from 
which  institution  he 
graduated  in  l.S7."> 
with  tlie  degree  of 
l.L.l'..,  ha\ing  in 
t  li  e  me  a  nt  i  me  re- 
cei\ed  much  ]irac- 
tical  insLruclion  in 
I  h  e  law  o  f  f  i  ce  o  f 
1  )ryden    tV    Drxden. 

l'\eling  cc|uippe(l  for  his  chosen  profession,  he 
immediately  formed  a  co-part iRisliip  for  the 
general  ])ractice  of  the  law  with  his  classmate, 
l<din  j.  .Mei(.-r,  whi^■ll  continued  two  \'ears. 
I'rom  that  dalt-  until  INM  he  ])racticed  jointly 
with  llie  Hon.  S.inuR-l  luskint-,  since  whitdi 
lime  he  has  practiced  alone,  occujn  ing  the  sanu' 
olhce  in  the  Temple  Ihiilding. 

Mr.  Foster  has  devoted  his  attention  almost 
exclusively  to  civil  i)ractice,  appearing  in  many 
important  cases  in  all  the  courts,  but  usually  as 
till'   attorney  of   pri\ate  corporations,  in    wliicli 


ROBERI  M\(iKCDER  FOSTKk. 


de])artnu-nt  of  the  law  his  opinion  is  considered 
authoritati\e.  In  1S7.S  he  consented  to  become  a 
candidate  for  the  Legislature  and  was  elected  to 
the  Thirtieth  General  Assembly  by  an  almost 
unanimous  vote  frcjm  the  Second  Representative 
District  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis.  During  his 
term  he  was  chairman  of  the  committee  on 
militia  and  was  elected  chairman  of  the  St. 
Louis  delegation. 

During  the  winter  of  1.S!)I-SI2  and  l.S'.i2-!:);5 
he  filled  the  chair  of  medical  jurisprudence  in 

the  Marion-SimsCol- 
lege  of  Medicine,  and 
of  '!i;^and  "ii4  in  the 
Barnes  .Medical  Col- 
lege. In  l.^si  Mr. 
Foster  was  married 
to  Miss  Lizzie  Leigh- 
ton  Carjien  ter ,  at 
Keokuk,  I o  w  a  , 
daughter  of  Dr.  A. 
^L  Carpenter,  for- 
merlv  of  Keokuk, but 
now  of  this  city. 
The\'  ha\e  three 
children  —  two  boys 
and  a  girl. 

.Mr.  Foster  and 
famih-  reside  on 
Chestnut  street,  just 
east  of  C.rand  ave. 
They  are  jiopnlar  in 
West  Ivnd  circles, 
and  Mr.  b'oster  is 
looked  up  to  with 
the  highest  respect  in  commercial  as  well  as 
legal   circles. 

.M.v.w,  C.KokC.ic  R.,  .son  of  Richard  F.  and 
lilizabeth  (  Del-'reese )  ^hlnn,  was  born  in  Syra- 
cuse, Indiana,  jul\'  I'l',  is.'iii.  He  look. the 
special  course  of  architecture  at  the  Institution 
ot  Technology,  of  Hoston,  and  then  entered  the 
office  of  Mr.  W.  11.  iSrown,  of  Indianapolis, 
with  whom  he  remained  for  one  year,  after 
which  he  established  himself  in  business  in  Min- 
neapolis, Minnesota,  with  F^lward   S.  Slebbins, 


438 


OLD  AND  XJiW  ST.  LOUIS. 


tlic   finn    1>ein*^    known    as    Ste1)hins  &    Mann. 

In  iIk'  fall  of  l.S7!i  Mr.  Mann  came  to  Kansas 
Cily  and  worked  as  a  dran.tjhtsnian  for  a  sliorl 
time,  whence  lie  nio\ed  to  Si.  Jose])li  and 
ort:;anize(l  the  firm  of  Kckel  iS:  Mann,  Mr. 
lulwardj.  Ivckel  heini;;  the  partner.  The  firm 
had  a  most  prcsperous  career  nntil  is'.ij,  dnrini,^ 
which  time  it  wa.s  freqnently  necessary  to  refnse 
commissions  owinjj;  to  the  immense  amount  on 
hand. 

hi  l'S:il  Mr.  .Mann  sold  ont  his  interest  in  tlie 
St.  Joe  business  and  nio\-ed  to  vSt.  Lonis,  where 
at  the  present  time  he  is  devotin.tj  attention  to 
the  erection  of  the  ma.tjnificent  new  Citv  Ilall 
on  Washington  Sqnare. 

The  wonderfnl  improvement  in  the  appear- 
ance of  vSt.  Joseph,  during  the  last  twelve  years, 
is  largley  due  to  Mr.  Mann,  who  planned  and 
erected  nearly  all  the  large  buildings  in  the  busi- 
ness section  of  that  city.  A  few  of  the  most  prom- 
inent of  these  were  the  establishments  of  Tootle 
&  Hosie,  Xave-McCord  Mercantile  Compan\-, 
L.  ^McDonald  &  Company,  John  S.  Britton  ^ 
Company,  Steel  &  Walker,  Turner  &  Frazer,  and 
others  too  nnmerons  to  mention.  The  I'nion 
Depot  at  St.  Joseph,  which  is  so  frequently  and 
favorabh'  commented  upon  by  travelers,  was  also 
designed  and  erected  by  Mr.  Mann,  as  well  as 
the  Union  Depot  at  Hannil^al.  He  also  con- 
structed the  Columbia  Theater  at  Chicago,  the 
Paxton  Hotel  in  Omaha,  and  the  Court  House  at 
Council  Bluffs,  Iowa;  Mount  Ayr,  Iowa;  and  the 
Court  Houses  for  the  county  seats  for  all  of  the 
northwest  counties  of  the  vState  of  Missouri. 

Mr.  Mann  is  also  the  architect  of  the  Asylum 
of  the  Sisters  of  vSt.  \'incent,  at  St.  Lonis,  and 
the  Martin  Building  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  and 
Washington  avenue.  In  the  very  spirited  com- 
petition among  architects  for  the  new  Citv  Hall 
of  this  city  his  plans  were  successful,  his  victor\- 
being  the  subject  of  comment  throughout  the 
entire  country.  He  is  carrying  ont  his  contract 
to  the  entire  satisfaction  of  the  mnnici])al 
authorities,  and  his  work  is  attracting  attention 
from  all  points.  A  deputation  from  Boston 
recently  was  .so  impressed  with  the  excellence 
of  Mr.  .Mann's  ])lans  that  they  made  a  favorable 


report  on  their  return  and  suggested  thecm1)odi- 
nient  of  his  ideas  in  the  new  municipal  build- 
ing to  be  erected  in  that  city.  In  the  recent 
competition  for  the  Carnegie  I,ibrar\  one  hnn- 
dred  and  thirty-two  plans  were  submitted,  and 
Mr.  Mann  received  the  second  prize,  a  Pitts- 
burgh lirni  lieing  elected  to  carry  out  the  work. 
The  fact  that  the  .second  ])rize  came  to  a  west- 
ern architect  is  a  credit  alike  to  the  West  and 
to  the  western  man  who  was  thus  honored.  Mr. 
Mann  is  looked  ujion  in  St.  Lmiis  as  one  of  the 
most  ■  reliable  architects  in  this  section  of  the 
country.  He  is  distinctively  .\merican  in  his 
ideas  and  is  a  very  ])ractical  man,  combining 
economy  with  excellence  in  e\'er\-  detail  of  his 
work . 

In  l.ssi;  Ik-  married  Miss  Carrie  Rock,  of  St. 
Joseph,  and  has  three  children,  l';ii/al>eth, 
W'ilhelniina  and  (leorgia.  Mr.  Mann's  mother 
died  in  the  spring  of  l.Sit2,  and  her  demise  was 
greatly  regretted  b\-  an  nnnsnally  large  circle  of 
friends.  His  father,  while  captain  of  the  P'orty- 
eighth  Indiana  Infantry  Volunteers,  died  in 
lNf;.'5,  at  Corinth,  .Mississippi.  Mr.  Mann's 
elder  brother,  I.ieutenaut  Jas.  I).  Mann,  of  the 
Seventh  Cavalry,  was  killed  during  the  .Sioux 
Indian  troubles  at  Wounded  Knee,  .South 
Dakota. 

\'OGEL,  Ch.\ri,k.s  Frkdkrick. — A  gentleman 
\-er\-  ])opidar  with  St.  Louisans,  and  who  has 
held  many  offices  of  trust,  which  he  admin- 
istered with  fidelity  and  abilit\-,  is  Mr.  Chas.  F. 
\'ogel,  who,  after  almost  a  lifetime  spent  in  the 
public  ser\-ice,  has  retired  from  jiolitics,  and  is 
now  one  of  the  leading  real  estate  men  of  the 
city.  I\Ir.  \'ogel  is  a  nati\e  of  Switzerland, 
where  he  was  born  in  Xenchatel,  March  ii, 
\>^\'.i.  His  father,  John  \'ogel,  and  his  mother, 
who  before  her  marriage  was  Anna  Christinger, 
emigrated  to  .Vmerica  in  ISa;"),  when  Charles 
was  ten  years  of  age,  and  settled  in  .St.  Louis. 

In  this  cit)-  the  lad  was  first  sent  to  scIkjoI  at 
the  Christian  I5rothers'  College,  and  then  en- 
tered the  pidilic  schools,  and  here  and  at  ]irivate 
schools  he  studied  several  \ears  more,  and  then 
left    to    acce]it  a  situation    as   clerk    for  Justice 


DTOCRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


439 


.McX'ickcr,  wlm  was  at  that  time  one  tjf  tlic  wlieii  lie  was  tendered  the  position  of  clerk  of 
lirincii)al  jnsticcs,  liaving  liis  office  under  P.ar-  the  Police  Court — an  event  that  changed  his 
nuui's  Hotel,  at  the  corner  of  Second  and  Wal-  jjlans  and  the  course  of  his  life  entirely.  He 
nut  streets.  accepted  the  place  and  filled  it  satisfactorily  for 

When  the  war  broke  out  the  lad  was  si.xteen     a  period  of  four  years,  when  he  accepted  a  posi- 
ycars  of  aue,  and  while  he  was  almost  too  youno;      tiou  as  deputy  county  clerk  under  Chief  F.  C. 
to  enlist  as  a  re<:;ular  soldier,  his  jiatriotism  ini-     Schoenthaler,    goinjj   in   with    that    gentleman 
])elled  him  to  compromise  by  enlisting  in  Com-      when  he  was  elected  to  the  office. 
]ian\    I,   Second   United  States   Reserve   Corps,  He  served  throughout  Mr.. Schoenthaler's  term, 

.Missouri  X'ohinteers,  as  a  drummer  boy.  and  that  he  made  a  faithful  and  efficient  assist- 

Afterwards    he    regularly    enli.stcd    for    three      ant  is  shown  by  the  fact  that   he  was  continued 

in  the  ])()sition  bv 
the  former's  succes- 
sor, Mr.  F.  L.  Gar- 
esche,  under  whom 
he  served  until  1H77, 
when  through  the 
adoption  of  the 
scheme  and  charter 
the  County  Court 
was  legislated  out  of 
existence.  Mr.  \'o- 
gel's  next  public  po- 
sition was  as  sec- 
retary of  the  Council, 
or  I'pper  House,  be- 
ing the  first  secretary 
under  the  new  order 
of  the  scheme  and 
eh  arte  r.  J  o  h  n  II. 
Lightner  being  the 
first  president  of  that 
body.  Being  thor- 
oughly acquainted 
with  the  details  of 
urged  bv  his  friends  to 


years  service  as  a 
soldier  in  ISlair's 
1 )  r  i  g  a  d  e  ,  T wenty- 
uiuth  Missouri  \'ol- 
uiiteer  I  n  f  a  n  t  r\- , 
Colonel  J(_)hn  S.  Ca\'- 
ender,  Compaiu'  !•',, 
Captain  'rimmas  1 1. 
Mc\"icker.  He  was 
of  that  body  of  men 
wild  belie\ed  in  a 
])rinci])le,  and  whose 
])atriotism  was  great 
enough  to  cause 
them  to  ri>k  their 
lives  ill  its  su]i])ort, 
who  were  the  bra\est 
and  best  of  both  ar- 
mies during  the  war 
of  the  rel)ellii)n.  .\s 
to  such  soldiers  as 
he,  all  of  the  men 
who  ser\ed  the  re- 
public,   and    those 

who  know  the  heavy  sacrifices  the\-  made,  can  jmblic  service,  and  bein 
appreciate  the  great  value  of  their  services,  accept  an  elective  office,  he,  in  l«7.s,  became  a 
N'nung  \'(igel,  when  jieace  was  declared  and  candidate  on  the  Republican  ticket  for  the  office 
\\  hen   his  sersices  were  no  longer  needed,  was      of  clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court.      He  was  elected 


CHARLES  F.  VOOliL. 


mustered  out  and  honorably  discharged  at  Wash- 
ington, District  of  Columbia,  in  June,   Isii."). 

He  immediately  returned  to  his  home  in  St. 
i.ouis,  and  realizing  that  he  must  have  a  Imsi- 
nessi)r])rolession,hedi'termine(l  loadopl  the  law, 
and,  acting  in  accord  with  such  determination, 
entered  the  law  ofilce  of  Jecko  .S:  Clover.  Here 
he  gave  his  time  to  the  sludv  of  law  for  a  vcar. 


and  administered  the  affairs  of  the  office  so  satis- 
factorily, that  at  the  end  of  his  term  he  was  re- 
nominated, and,  although  like  any  public 
ofilcial  who  tries  to  do  his  duty,  he  had  nuide 
enemies  who  developed  into  a  strong  opposi- 
tiiHi,  he  was  again  elected. 

.\t  the  end  of  his  second  term  he  determined 
to  quit  the  public  service  and  embark   in  bnsi- 


1-lU 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOVtS. 


ness.  Concludiiii;  that  the  real  estate  line  lield 
out  the  sj;rcatest  hope  of  reimuieration,  he,  in 
I.SST,  opened  an  office  as  a  real  estate  dealer 
and  financial  a«i;ent.  Since  the  beoinnini^,  the 
returns  of  the  business  have  more  than  met  Mr. 
\'o,i;;ers  expectations.  The  influence  and  pres- 
tige of  the  firm  are  steadily  increasing,  and  it  is 
already  one  of  the  leading  and  responsible 
houses  of  its  line  in  St.  Louis.  Mr.  X'ogel's 
fair  and  reliable  methods  of  transacting  busi- 
ness have  done  much  to  inspire  public  confi- 
dence, while  good  judgment  and  wise  manage- 
ment assure  his  entire  success. 

In  l^^tl'.'  he  was  wedded  to  Miss  Laura, 
daughter  of  Mr.  I".  C.  Fisher,  a  well-known 
citizen  of  vSt.  LiMiis.  They  have  one  son,  Oli- 
ver,  and   two  daughters,  Kstella  and  Kdna. 

Ro.SKXHKi.M,  AuFKKD  F.,  the  well  known 
architect,  is  a  native  of  this  cit\-,  where  he  was 
born  June  in,  Ls.'ili,  and  is  therefore  still  on  that 
side  of  the  hill  of  life  where  the  sunshine  falls 
the  brightest.  His  parents,  Morris  and  Matilda 
( Ottenheimer)  Rosenheim,  gave  their  boy  the 
best  of  patrimonies — an  excellent  education. 
He  started  in  the  grammar  schools  of  this  cit\' 
and  afterward  entered  the  Washington  I'ni- 
\ersit\',  where  he  took  the  prescribed  curricu- 
lum. Desiring  the  benefits  of  foreign  etluca- 
tioual  culture,  he  traveled  to  Europe  and  for 
some  time  studied  at  the  famed  Universit^■  of 
I''rankfort-on-the-Main,  Cierman\-. 

Then  he  returned  to  this  side  of  the  water, 
and  immediately  entered  the  celebrated  Insti- 
tute of  Technology,  in  Boston,  taking  his 
graduation  examination  and  terminating  his 
long  course  of  educational  training  in  1.S.S2. 
One  purpose  of  his  attendance  at  the  Institute  of 
Technology  was  to  fit  himself  as  an  architect, 
for  which  l)usiness  he  had  always  manifested  a 
natural  taste  and  inclination,  being  possessed  of, 
as  has  since  been  developed,  an  arti.stic  hand 
and  a  constructive  eye.  After  leaving  the  insti- 
tute, he  therefore  .sought  and  found  emplov- 
ment  in  an  architect's  office  in  Boston,  and  for 
three  years  worked  in  several  of  the  leading 
offices   of  the   "Hub."      Convinced  that    while 


Boston  might  be  the  place  to  seek  instruction  in 
detailsof  the  craft,  thatSt.  Louis  was  abetter  city 
in  which  to  find  commissions,  he  therefore 
returned  in  January,  L'<.'^4,  to  this  cit\'.  His  first  , 
employment  here  was  in  the  office  of  that  vet- 
eran architect,  Charles  K.  Ranise\-,  wliom  he 
finally  left  to  form  a  business  connection  w  illi 
Major  Francis  I).  Lee. 

After  the  latter's  death  in  August,  iss.'i^  Mr. 
Rosenheim  in  a  sense  became  his  professional 
legatee,  inasmuch  as  he  took  charge  of  the 
Major's  unfinished  commissions,  and  these  were 
the  beginning  of  business  on  his  own  account — 
a  business  which  has  increased  \'ear  by  year  at 
a  most  flattering  rate.  Results  are  generally  the 
standard  by  which  the  al)ility  of  any  architect 
is  determined,  and  in  Mr.  Rosenheim's  case 
the>-  established  beyond  doubt  the  possession  by 
him  of  a  high  order  of  talent,  .\mong  some  of 
his  most  im])ortant  creations  are  the  beautiful 
Columbian  Club  on  Liudell  bnulcvard,  the 
Rosenheim  block,  northeast  corner  of  Ninth 
and  Washington  a\'enue,  the  Phipiis-Wallace 
Building  on  Eighth  street  opposite  the  Post- 
Office,  Hotel  Rozier,  and  the  elegant  residences 
of  Messrs.  Mever,  Papin,  I)re\',  Knajjp,  Scharff, 
.Sprague,  Bernheimer  and  man\-  others  in  the 
West  b-ud,  the  big  l)li)ck  of  the  express  com- 
panies' freight  houses  at  the  new  Union  Station, 
besides  numerous  other  buildings  located  in  all 
parts  of  the  city. 

Combining  that  which  is  useful  and  sub- 
stantial in  architecture,  Mr.  Rosenheim  has  a 
talent  for  elegant  detail  and  effect,  and  of  late 
vears  has  largely  drifted  into  the  study  and 
execution  of  interior  and  decorative  work,  in 
which  department  he  has  already  gained  an 
enviable  reputation.  He  is  by  no  means  a  local 
])ractitioner  in  the  sense  that  his  Ijusiness  is 
confined  to  St.  Louis,  for  he  has  executed  com- 
missions, and  has  a  list  of  patrons,  in  Illinois, 
Minnesota,  Arkansas  and  Ohio,  as  well  as  in 
this  vState,  outside  of  St.  Louis.  From  what  he 
has  thus  far  accomplished  his  friends  are  firmly 
convinced  that  he  will  attain  a  high  degree  of 
both  fame  and  success  in  his  chosen  field  of 
work. 


tHz^-^ 


-d,^ 


I 


/.'A  -)(;R,\i'niCA  T.  A  ppF.vnrx. 


441 


Frtiiii    liis   liii-llin-n    here    in    Si.    I/niis,    Mr.       l.Sii.s,  and  was  aii]ioiiite(l   foreman   and   snpcrin- 
Ro.senlieini   ha.s  been   accorded  a   high   coinpli-      tendent    by    hi.s    niicle,    Morris   H.    I"'itzgibboii. 
nicnt    by    election  to  tlie    .secretary.ship  of  the      He  acted  in  this  caj^acity  until    1<S73,  when  he 
St.  Louis  Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of     set  up  in  lousiness  for  himself. 
.Architects,    an  oilfice  he  has  held  since  its  reor-  Mr.   Fitzgibbon  does  a  building  and  general 

ganization  in  March,  LSilO,  after  the  consolida-  contracting  business,  and  among  the  important 
lion  of  the  .American  Institute  with  the  Western  buildings  he  has  constructed  are  C.  H.  Turner's 
Association  of  Architects  in  IS.Sii.  He  also  building,  Third  street;  Hovle  building.  Sixth 
holds  the  nu)re  important  office  of  director  in  and  Locust;  Patrick  Burns'  building,  Christv 
the  parent  body,  the  American  Institute  of  Arch-  between  Sixth  and  Seventh;  Ikinuermau  build- 
itccts,  and  is  a  meml)er  of  the  Royal  Arcauuin.      iug,  Sixth  and  Christy;  J.  S.  Sullivan  building, 

Seventh  andChristy ; 
H.  Liggett  building. 
Twentieth  a  u  d 
Chestnut;  Central 
Distillers'  buildings 
and  warehouses; 
Columbia  building, 
Eighth  and  Locust; 
Puritan  building  on 
Locust;  Channing 
Flats;  Paramore 
Flats;  D.  R.  C.arri- 
son,  row  of  houses; 
Connccticnt  Mutual 
Lite  Insurance  Com- 
pany, row  of  houses; 
Lack  man  School; 
ConcordiaClnb  Hall, 
and  Inie  residences 
for  the  following 
named  gentlemen: 
P.  C.  Murphv.  .\1- 
l)ert  Mansur,  Dr. 
I'ronson,  J,  II.  Tier- 
nan  and  Marcns  liernheimer. 

Mr.  lMl/gibl)on  \va-<  married  in  .\pvil,  IS7I, 
to  .Miss  Mary  Jane  Keating,  daughter  of  Patrick 
Keating,  at  one  time  the  first  and  nuxst  promi- 
nent real  estate  dealer  of  the  city.  He  was  a 
friend  of  nianx  of  tin-  old  veal  estate  holders  of 
the  city,  such  as  the  MnUanijhys,  and  as  snch 
lord,  Connecticut,  and  entered  the  Pluenix  Iron  had  the  management  of  their  real  estate.  The 
W'oiks  as  a  machinist,  b'roni  (Ik-  Ph(eni.\  he  con])le  ha\'e  four  children  li\ing:  I'rancis 
went  to  the  Hartford  and  Ww  Haven  shops,  Keating,  Fhigene,  Edward  and  Louise. 
wlure  lie  remained  four  and  a   half  years  work-  Mr.  F'itzgibbon's  success  in  life  is  largely  due 

ing  at  his  trade.    He  came  to  ,Sl.  Louis  in  .\i)ril,      to  a  .sound  business  sense  and  the  fact  that  he 


Mr.  Rosenheim 
was  married  in  IM'Sf 
to  .Miss  Frances  (i. 
W'heelock,  of  Bos- 
ton. 

lM'p/.c.ii;r.()\,  Ja.s., 
was  born  in  the  little 
town  of  Middleton, 
near  Cork,  Ireland, 
on  June  'IX,  1S4;!. 
I  lis  father,  Daniel 
iMtzgibbon,  d  i  e  d 
when  James  was  four 
%■  ears  old.  His 
mother's  m  a  i  d  e  n 
name  was  Hannah 
Crowlev,  and  one 
\ear  alter  lier  hus- 
band's death  she  de- 
cided to  come  with 
lu-r  c  li  i  I  d  r  e  n  to 
Anuiica,  settling 
upon      Siiringlield, 

Massachnselts,  as  their  lionu'.  It  was  in  that 
cit\  that  J.imes  was  reared,  and  there  lu-  recei\ed 
the  rudiments  of  his  education.  He  afterward 
attended  school  for  si'\-eral  \ears  in  Hol\-oke, 
M.issacluisi-tls,  and  also  in  this  latter  cit\-  he  was 
a]iiH'enliced  and  k-arned  the  trade  of  a  niat'hinist. 

When  nineteen  \ears  of  aire  he  weiU  to  Hart- 


JAMK-S  hli/UlltBON. 


12 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.  LOUIS. 


lias  never  trusted  iiuporlanl  business  to  a  sul)or- 
dinate,  luit  has  <i;iveu  all  his  work  his  personal 

su])(.-r\isii)U. 

H()i-'i-'MA.\,  .SamiisI.,  is  (ifleu  spokcu  of  as  the 
leadinj;;  builder  of  vSt.  Louis,  and  this  slateuKiil 
is  made  without  any  intention  of  inviting  invid- 
ious comparison,  for  he  has  the  reputation  by 
virtue  of  the  fact  that  he  has  been  engaged  in 
the  business  here  for  over  a  score  of  years,  and 
during  that  time  has  constructed  some  of  the 
largest  and  costliest  buildings  in  St.  Louis.  He 
was  born  in  Stark  county,  Ohio,  in  l.SK!,  and 
is  the  .son  of  David  and  Sarah  (White)  Hoff- 
man. When  an  infant  but  two  years  of  age 
his  parents  changed  their  residence  from  Stark 
to  Washington  connt\'  of  the  same  vState,  where 
the  boy  was  educated  in  the  puljlic  schools. 

\'ery  little  time  intervened  after  he  left  school 
before  the  war  broke  out,  and  as  lie  was  one  of 
those  who  had  courage  as  well  as  conviction  he 
enlisted  early  and  marched  away  from  home  in 
Company  F,  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Ohio  Infan- 
try X'olunteers,  the  regiment  commanded  1)\' 
Gen.  George  Crookes.  He  made  a  record  in 
Crookes'  first  fight,  seeing  a  great  deal  of  hard 
service  and  hard  fighting  during  the  three  years 
he  was  a  soldier.  He  was  in  the  second  l)atllc 
of  Bull  Run,  at  Warreuton,  South  Mountain, 
.Vntietam  and  Chickauiauga;  he  was  also  in  the 
important  battle  of  ?kIissionar\-  Ridge,  and  was 
with  General  Thomas  at  Rocky  Face  and  Hoo- 
ver's Gap;  under  Gen.  Phil.  Sheridan  he  was 
at  the  bitter  engagements  of  Winchester,  Fish- 
er's Hill,  and  others  on  the  road  to  Lynch- 
burg, under  Hunter,  and  also  at  Cedar  Creek. 
It  will  thus  be  seen  that  he  saw  almost  as  much 
hard  and  actual  .service  as  any  soldier  wlio 
fought  for  the  Union.  After  Cedar  Creek,  in 
l<S(i4,  he  was  mu.stered  out  and  discharged,  with 
a  record  for  honorable  .service  that  any  man 
should   l)e  ])i()ud  of. 

Returning  home  after  his  discharge  he  took 
contracts  for  the  erection  of  buildings,  this  be- 
ing a  line  of  business  he  had  started  to  learn 
before  his  enlistment  as  a  .soldier.  The  locality 
near  his  home  not   furnishing  as  wide  a  field   as 


he  desired  for  his  operations,  hc'  remowd  to 
I'arkersburg,  West  \'irginia,  where  he  cou- 
dufUil  optralions  \-cry  successfulK'  for  a  short 
time;  but,  like  thousands  of  other  men  who 
went  through  the  camiiaigns  of  the  rebellion, 
this  great  ujiheax'al  jiroduetd  a  general  unrest 
and  a  desire  for  change.  Many  thousands  of 
these  returned  soldiers  satisfied  this  longing  for 
acti\ilv  and  a  change  of  scene,  born  of  the  rapid 
and  shifting  \-ariatious  of  war,  b\-  seeking  the 
new  and  broad  territory  of  the  West;  and  .Mr. 
Hoffman,  becoming  one  of  the  westward  nio\-iug 
arinv,  found  himself  in  Missouri,  where  he  de- 
termined to  locate. 

Accepting  work  on  several  large  contracts,  he 
first  li\-cd  at  Pleasant  Hil]  and  Ransas  City, 
Missouri,  but  regarding  that  .St.  Louis  was  des- 
tined to  be  the  metropolis  iu)t  onlv  of  .Missouri, 
but  of  the  Mississi])])i  \'alle}',  he  made  this  cit\' 
the  field  of  his  future  operations.  He  came 
herein  LS72,  a  time  most  auspicious  for  him, 
as  St.  Louis  was  just  then  taking  \\\)o\\  herself 
new  growth  and  life.  His  rise  was  therefore 
rapid,  for  he  was  a  man  wlio  applied  the  golden 
rule  to  the  execution  of  every  contract,  not  only 
as  a  matter  of  principle  but  as  a  matter  of 
polic\-.  The  ]3romptness  and  honesty  witli 
which  he  carried  out  his  contracts,  gave  him  a 
reputation  that  brought  him  prosperit\-  and 
l)usiness,  the  man  who  had  Iniildings  to  erect 
jireferring  him  at  a  higher  figure  than  less 
responsible  builders  at  the  lowest  i:)rice. 

Within  the  score  or  more  \-ears  he  has  plied 
his  business  in  the  cil\-  he  has  erected  some  of 
the  largest  and  finest  buildings,  including  the 
(iraud  Opera  House,  the  Sligo  Iron  Works, 
Liggett  i^c  Myers  Tobacco  Factory,  the  new 
.Mercantile  Club,  the  (Tlobe-Democrat  lluilding, 
and  many  others.  His  fame  has  extended 
beyond  ,St.  Louis  and  he  has  executed  main- 
contracts  in  other  cities,  making  a  specialty  in 
this  field  of  ojjera  houses,  .\mong  these  con- 
tracts are  the  Broadway  Theater,  New  York; 
Amphiton  Theater,  Brooklyn;  National  Theater, 
Philadelpliia;  I.,uberris Theater,  jMemphis;  Grand 
Opera  House,  San  Antonio,  Te.xas,  and  the 
(jrand  Windsor  Hotel  at  Dallas,  Texas. 


ni( HlRAPinCAL  APPENDIX. 


443 


Rakkk,  Ai.Kkhi)  M.,  sou  of  Joscpli  and  l^llcii 
(  Kcane)  Baker,  was  l)oin  of  Irisli  jjarents  in  the 
city  of  London,  on  Ma}'  2,  18()7.  W'lien  he  was 
but  four  years  of  age  his  parents  came  to  St. 
Louis,  and  it  was  in  this  city  tliat  lie  ohlained 
the  excellent  education  which  has  lieen  so 
invaluable  to  him  in  the  profession  which  he 
has  chosen. 

When  he  left  school  he  entered  the  office  of 
Mr.  Charles  K.  Illsley,  where  he  studied  practi- 
cal architecture  in  all  its  phases.      He  made  good 
])rogress,  and  enter- 
ing the  office  of  Mr. 
J.  H.  Legg,  he  con- 
tinued his  studies 
until    he  became  an 
accomplished  archi- 
tect and  a  very  able 
designer. 

His  work  has  been 
of  a  character  calcu- 
lated to  perpetiuite 
his  name  in  the  citv. 
'I'he  M  a  r  cj  u  e  1 1  e 
School,  generally 
conceded  to  be  the 
handsomest  public 
educational  building 
in  the  West,  was 
designed  and  con- 
structed under  his 
su  ])eri  utendence . 
'rwo  other  \-ery  fine 
jinblic  .schools  were 
also  erected  b\-  him. 

I>ut  it  is  in  pri\-ate  residences  th.it  Mr.  liaker 
has  made  the  most  remarkable  lecovd.  During 
the  last  three  years  he  has  planned  and  super- 
intended the  erection  of  high-class  residences, 
costing  in  tlu-  aggregate  considerably  in  excess 
of  >;(;()(i, (1(1(1,  although  the  al)ilit\  and  econouiv 
of  the  architect  kept  the  exiiendittire  down  to 
the  lowest  jiossible  point.  The  residences  thus 
constructed  include  those  owned  b\-  Major  I^an- 
rence  Harrigan,  I'eter  O'Xeil,  Mrs.  L.  Schulte, 
John  O'Xeil,  Justin  Steer,  L.  C.  Doggctt, 
Joseph   O'Xeil,  Adam   Boeck,  I).    C.    Ball,  Mrs. 


ALFRED  M.  BAKBR. 


v..  I).  Pattec,  Mrs.  FL  D.  I'ittman,  Mrs.  I.sabel 
Douglas,  R.  !•*.  Kilgen,  !•'.  C.  Traucrnicht, 
Frank  Ritter,  William  Keane,  J.  B.  C.  Lucas,  F. 
A.  Steer,  B.  Wasserman  and  John  Long.  These 
houses  represent  almost  every  type  of  modern 
architecture,  and  are  marvels  of  convenience 
internall}'. 

Few  men  but  twenty-seven  years  of  age  can 
duplicate  such  a  record  as  this,  and  it  is  doubt- 
ful if  the  liistory  of  architecture  can  furnish 
another  such  example  of  architectural  precocity. 

Mr.  liaker  is  now 
designing  a  number 
of  buildings  of  even 
more  costly  and 
intricate  character, 
and  the  prospects  for 
his  future  career  are 
of  the  brightest  jios- 
sible  character. 

He  was  married 
on  February  14, 
I.SiCL  to  :\riss  Clara 
Schulte,  of  Xortli 
Grand  avenue,  and 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Baker 
have  a  son  and  heir 
who  has  been  named 
after  his  father,  and 
who, it  istobehoped, 
will  e  m  u  1  a  t  e  li  i  s 
good  example,  and 
be  as  energetic  and 
successful  in  his 
walk  in  life. 
Warh,  'I'lK  iMAS  J.,  senior  member  of  the 
contracting  firm  of  Ward  tS:  Hartley,  is  the  .son 
of  a  well-known  workman,  and  was  born  in  vSt. 
Louis  October  lit,  l.S(i().  His  father,  being  a 
workingman,  well  understood  the  importance 
of  leaching  his  sou  habits  of  industrv  and  thrift, 
and  early  imiue.ssed  on  his  mind  the  fact  that 
on  his  own  effort  and  labor  depended  the  incis- 
ure of  his  success  in  life. 

He  was  gi\-en  the  advantages  of  the  public 
schools  for  .several  years,  and  then  made  his 
first  venture  in  the  industrial  field  as  an  appreii- 


OLD  AND  NFAV  ST.   I.OUIS. 


ticeof  Win.  Keanc,  the  brick  coutractoi-.  I'luler 
him  he  served  a  re>4iihir  appreiiticeshi])  and  came 
imt  a  rajjid  and  lhniim.L;li  brick  iiiasdu.  lie 
tlieii  went  abont  his  work  with  tlie  i)urpose 
always  before  him  of  attaining;  tlie  best  resnlts 
and  the  hi.u;hest  excellence  in  his  line,  and,  as 
a  consequence,  his  promotion  was  rapid.  He 
was  soon  made  foreman  for  the  important  con- 
tractin<^  firm  of  McDermott  .Iv:  P.aker,  and  while 
actino-  in  this  capacity,  amon.o-  other  important 
work,  erected  the  Emilie  Ihiildin.ij,  the  Christian 
Brothers'  College 
and  the  'Krisco  De- 
pot. Ten  years  ago 
he  went  into  busi- 
ness for  himself  as  a 
lirick  contractor. 

iMmr  years  later 
he  formed  the  pres- 
ent partnershi])  with 
William  H.  Hartley. 
Both  members  are 
practically  acquaint- 
ed with  the  details 
of  the  brick  business 
and  in  other  respects 
constitute  a  well- 
balanced  firm. 

Mr.  Ward  was 
married  in  I'SS."'.  to 
Miss  Julia  Passmore, 
daughter  of  James 
H.  Passmore,  the 
well-known  and  suc- 
cessful   lumberman. 

Mr.  Ward  is  a  gentleman  of  great  popularity 
and  has  held  various  official  honors  at  the  hands 
of  his  fellow-citizens.  From  the  F'ourth  St. 
Louis  District  he  was  sent  to  the  Legislature 
eight  years  ago.  Three  different  times  he  has 
been  elected  to  tlie  House  of  Delegates,  and 
during  two  years  of  that  time  filled  the  chair  of 
speaker  with  distinction  and  abilit\'.  He  has 
alwavs  proved  worthy  of  every  trust  that  has 
been  conferred  on  him,  and  his  extended  popn- 
laritv  places  within  his  reach  in  future  almost 
anv  official   position   in  the  field  of    politics. 


THOS.  J.  WARD. 


D()\vi).\LL,  Joiix  T.,  the  oldest  Odd  l'"ellow  in 
the  State  of  Missouri,  is  certainly  entitled  to 
more  than  a  passing  nicnlion  in  a  work  which 
is  designed  to  be  a  connecting  link  l)etweeu  the 
old  and  new  St.  Louis,  and  to  show  how  the  old 
river  town  has  developed  into  a  great  inetrojiol- 
itan  city.  Mr.  Dowdall  is  now  nearly  seventy- 
eight  years  of  age,  and  he  has  lived  in  St.  Louis 
more  than  half  a  century.  Being  of  an  observ- 
ant disposition,  he  has  noticed  from  lime  to 
time,  with  much  intelligence,  various  local  de\-el- 

opments  and  e\euts, 
and  the  editor  of  this 
work  is  much  in- 
debted to  iiini  for  in- 
formation and  hints 
given. 

Mr.  Dowdall  is  a 
nati\e  of  Kentuck\', 
and  was  born  in 
llenrv  count)'  on 
October  .">1,  l-SH',. 
Kentucky,  at  thai 
lime,  was  a  wild,  un- 
cultivated district. 
bVee  schools  were 
unknown  and  the 
])av  schools  were  few 
and  far  between .  As 
a  result  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  had 
few  educational  ad- 
\-autages,  and  it  is 
oul\-  because  he  has 
been  an  indefatiga- 
ble reader  for  fifty  or  sixty  years  that  he  is  now 
a  well-informed,  highly  educated  gentleman. 
When  he  was  fifteen  years  of  age  he  left  home 
and  was  apprenticed  tt)  Icaiii  the  trade  of  nia- 
chinerv  and  pattern  making.  In  1^40  he  went 
into  business  in  Louisville,  Kentucky,  establish- 
ine  the  firm  of  P>unn  X:  Dowdall,  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing  year  he  married  Mi.ss  America  ( )wen,  of 
Franklin  county,  Kentucky. 

Business  was  fairly  good  in  Louisville,  but  in 
IS+o  Mr.  Dowdall  saw  an  excellent  opportunity 
to  establish   himself  in   St.  Louis.      He  acctird- 


BIOCR. 4 1 '///L  AL   APPENDIX. 


445 


iii,i;l\'  Sold  cmt  to  Mr.  liuiiu,  and  in  June,  l!S4/i, 
oiH-ntd  up  in  this  city  as  a  manufacturer  of  ina- 
cliimry  and  of  cotton  batting;-,  liis  bcino;  the 
first  firm  west  of  the  Mississippi  river  to  manu- 
facture tlie  latter  article.  In  1<S4()  he  disposed 
of  this  brancli  of  the  business  and  made  a  spe- 
cialty of  iron,  openinjj  up  a  large  foundry  and 
sup])l\in,y;  au  immense  quautit\'  of  shot  and 
shell  to  the  (jO\ernmeut  during  the  ^Mexican 
war.  Several  \-ears  later  he  sup])lied  the  Fed- 
eral goN'ernment  with  a  larger  cjuantity  of  am- 
nuinition.  which  was  used  during  the  civil  war. 

.\fler  the  great  fire  of  1849  another  depart- 
ment was  added  to  the  factory,  and  castings  were 
turned  out  iu  large  numbers.  vSoine  of  the 
castings  made  in  the  old  W'asliington  foundr\- 
by  him  are  still  being  used  in  the  city,  and  it  is 
interesting  to  note  that  his  firm  cast  the  columns 
for  the  jail,  the  largest  tliat  had  e\'er  been  made 
at  that  time,  and  also  the  castings  and  cohnnns 
for  the  Court  House. 

For  several  years  the  business  thrived  vinder 
various  styles,  such  as  Dowdall,  Carr  &  Com- 
pany, J.  T.  Dowdall  iS:  Company,  and  Dowdall, 
Page  &  Company.  The  in\estment  appro.xi- 
niated  a  (nuirter  of  a  million,  and  as  a  large  ])or- 
tiou  of  the  capital  was  borrowed,  the  panic  of 
b'^'>7  gave  the  firm  a  hard  shake.  It  rallied, 
howexer,  but  before  the  war  was  o\-er  heavy 
losses  had  been  incurred.  After  the  foundry 
had  been  twice  destroved  by  fire,  it  was  decided 
to  close  out  the  firm.  Mr.  Dowdall  subse- 
(|iR'ntl\'  went  into  the  ]>low  business,  1ml  is  now- 
engaged  in  real  estate  and  insurance. 

'riirongh  all  these  long  years  of  prosperity 
and  aihersity  .Mr.  Dowdall  has  been  the  center 
of  a  large  circle  of  friends.  This  spring  he  was 
lircseuted  with  a  very  \aluablc  gold-headed  cane 
b\-  his  brother  Odd  I'ellows,  in  commemoration 
of  his  long  connection  with  that  order  and  the 
faithful  manner  iu  which  he  had  li\cd  up  to  its 
obligations.  He  joined  Boone  Lodge,  No.  1, 
at  lyouisville,  iu  l.s;ii»,  and  has  been  a  member 
of  Missouri  Lodge,  Xo.  1,  for  half  a  century, 
h'or  e\en  a  longer  ]K'rio(l  he  has  been  a  member 
of  the  Methodist-b'piscopal  Church,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Cook  .\\enne  Church. 


Mr.  Dowdall's  first  wife  died  in  18(53,  leaving 
three  children,  Joseph  A.  Dowdall  and  two 
daughters,  who  are  now  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Heburn 
and  Mrs.  Mattie  Smith.  In  IM!:)  he  married 
i\Iiss  IClizabeth  Johnson,  who  died  three  years 
later.  In  1868  Mr.  Dowdall  married  his  pres- 
ent wife,  who  was  formerly  Miss  Leonora  Wool- 
dridge.  Two  sons  of  this  marriage  sur\-ive.  The 
oldest,  William  F.,  is  connected  with  the  Mis- 
souri Fish  Commission,  and  tlie  }'oungest,  Paul 
Leroy,  has  just  completed  his  education  and  is 
starting  out  in  a  commercial  career. 

KuKNZKL,  Andrew,  was  born  in  Bohemia, 
Austria,  January  13,  18,")4.  His  parents  were 
nati\-es  of  Ba\aria,  German}-.  His  father  w'as 
John  Kuenzel,  and  his  mother's  name  before  her 
marriage  was  Elizabeth  Gnenthert.  He  attended 
school  iu  the  town  of  Neuberg  \intil  he  was 
thirteen  \ears  old,  when  he  went  to  Reichen- 
Ixich  to  learn  the  trade  of  machinist,  and  was 
a])preuticed  for  four  years.  When  his  term  of 
service  expired,  he  went  to  the  city  of  Chemnitz 
and  entered  upon  a  thorough  course  of  theoret- 
ical training  in  practical  and  applied  mechanics, 
consisting  of  drawing,  sur\-e\'ing  and  mathe- 
matics. He  remained  in  that  school  for  a  year 
and  a  half,  and  then  secured  a  position  as 
draughtsman  iu  the  celebrated  machine  works 
of  Wieden  &  Son,  where  he  remained  for  eight- 
een months,  when  he  came  to  the  United  States, 
arrixiug  in  this  city  iu  the  fall  of  IHT;!. 

Possessing  a  thorough  practical  knowledge  of 
machinery  of  all  kinds,  he  had  no  difficulty  in 
obtaining  remunerative  employment.  He  put 
up  the  machinery  in  the  first  sash,  door  and 
blind  factory,  which  was  established  south  of 
Market  street.  He  was  next  employed  to  put 
up  the  machinery  for  the  fireat  Western  Sash, 
Door  and  Blind  h'actory,  and  afterwards  took  the 
position  of  superintendent  of  the  establishment, 
where  he  remained  until  June,  1883,  when  he 
went  into  business  on  his  own  account,  with  a 
small  capital,  at  his  present  location  at  271(!-2;> 
South  Third  street,  where  he  now  has  a  sash, 
d<.)or  anil  blind  factory,  with  a  lumber-yard  in 
connection,  on  the  oppo.site  side  of  the  street, 


OLD  ANP  NEW  ST.   l.OUIS. 


(.•iiiplu)  in;;    in    all    about    I \v(.iit\-fi\e  woikiucu. 

F'ew  uK'ii  in  l)usiucss  in  St.  Louis  liave  ac- 
complished more  in  a  few  years  than  Mr.  Kneii- 
zel,  or  built  u])  so  lart^c  and  profital)le  a  business 
from  a  small  beijinnint;.  He  <ji\es  his  ])ersonal 
supervision  to  his  entire  business,  and  to  this 
fact  is  his  success  to  be  larijeh-  attributed. 

Mr.  Kuenzel  was  married  iu  l-STii  to  .Miss 
F'rances  Hof,  of  this  city.  They  liave  had  ei.<,du 
cliildren — six  <;irls  and  two  l)oys — six  of  whom 
are  livin.^-. 

T.wi.Dk,  Isaac  .S.,  son  of  Isaac  \V.  and  Mar\- 
(vStacker)  Taylor,  was  l)oru  in  January,  1851, 
in  Xashville,  Tennessee.  Young  Taylor  was 
educated  at  the  St.  Louis  LTniversity,  taking  a 
classical  course  in  the  Jesuit  College  and  gradu- 
ating with  honors  iu  1M(!S.  As  a  boy  his  hobby 
was  architectural  drawing,  and  on  leaving  col- 
lege he  associated  himself  with  Mr.  George  I. 
Barnett,  under  whom  he  studied  architecture  for 
six  years.  He  was  then  admitted  into  partner- 
ship, the  firm  name  being  Barnett  &  Taylor,  and 
for  fi\'eyears  more  the  firm  continued  operations, 
the  bulk  of  the  hard  work  naturally  falling  on 
the  energetic  \oung  j)artucr. 

In  I'STli  .Ml".  Taylor  started  in  l)usiness  for 
himself  and  is  now  regarded  as  one  of  the  best 
architects  in  America  west  of  the  ^lississippi 
Valley.  This  is  not  the  individual  opinion  of 
any  one  man,  but  it  is  the  verdict  of  the 
immense  number  of  capitalists,  manufacturers 
and  merchants  who  have  placed  their  interests 
in  his  keeping.  Few  men  can  point  to  .so 
magnificent  a  list  of  public  Iniildings  con- 
structed under  their  management  as  "Ike" 
Taylor.  While  with  .Mr.  Barnett  he  was  the 
architect  and  superintendent  of  construction  of 
the  Southern  Hotel,  the  first  and,  indeed,  only 
fire-proof  hotel  iu  St.  Louis.  His  other  triumi)hs 
include  the  Meyer  Brothers  Drug  Companv's 
Building  on  Fourth  and  Clark  avenue,  the  larg- 
est drug  hou.se  in  the  world,  and  admitted  by 
visitors  from  distant  States  and  also  from 
Europe  to  be  perfect  in  every  detail;  the  Liggett 
&  Myers  establishment  on  Washington  avenue, 
which  if  not  quite  the  largest  in   America  is  bj- 


far  tile  best  equipped  and  best  adapted  for  its 
purpose;  and  the  Drumnioml  Tobacco  Factorv, 
another  marvel  of  success  as  a  manufacturing 
establishment.  Among  more  handsome  if  less 
massive  structures  which  Mr.  Tavlor  has 
designed  and  brought  to  perfection  may  l)e 
mentioned  tlu-  Hotel  Beers  on  Grand  avenue, 
the  HarmouN  Club  House,  the  Tony  Fau.st 
Building  on  Broadway,  and  the  Third  Baptist 
Church.  ( )utside  of  St.  Louis  Mr.  Tavlor's 
work  is  well  known,  and  though  he  has  frequenth' 
refused  commissions  awav  from  home  on  account 
t>f  his  pressing  duties  in  vSt.  Louis,  he  has  l)een 
able  to  erect  .some  very  magnificent  structures 
elsewhere.  Among  the  most  prominent  of  these 
maybe  mentioned  the  "National"  Hotel,  of 
Peoria,  Illinois;  the  "  Newcoml),"  at  (jiiiucv; 
the  "Crescent,"  at  Kureka  Springs,  a  building 
wdiich  has  won  ]iraise  from  every  one  wdio  has 
visited  the  health  king — Arkan.sas  Springs,  and 
the  elegant  "Oriental,"  at  Dallas,  Texas. 

Just  now  Mr.  Taylor's  career  maybe  regarded 
at  the  /eiiith  of  its  success.  He  has  just  com- 
pleted the  GIolje-Democrat  Building  ou  vSixth 
and  Pine,  the  finest  iiewspajier  building  iu  the 
West,  and  he  is  also  the  architect  in  charge  of 
the  Rialto  Building  ou  Fourth  and  ()li\e,  the 
Mercantile  Club  Building  on  Seventh  and  Locust, 
the  Colnmliia  Building,  Eighth  and  Locust, 
and  the  Pul)lic  Library  on  Ninth  and  Locust. 
He  now  also  has  charge  of  the  new  Planters' 
House,    one  of    the   palatial  hotels  of  America. 

Mr.  Taylor  is  unmarried;  indeed,  he  is  wed- 
ded to  his  work,  and  frequently  spends  half  the 
night  thinking  out  new  designs  and  ijlauuing 
further  triumphs.  He  is  one  of  the  land-marks 
of  St.  Louis,  and  his  figure  is  a  familiar  and 
pleasing  one.  He  owes  his  success,  in  a  great 
measure,  of  course,  to  his  marked  aptitude  for 
his  work,  and  the  careful  study  which  he  has 
devoted  to  it;  but  not  second  to  these  must  be 
mentioned  his  honest)'  and  candor,  and  the 
stern  manner  in  which  he  resents  anything  ap- 
proaching neglect  of  duty  on  the  part  of  con- 
tractors, and  an\-  shirking  of  au\-  description. 
Mr.  Taylor  has  never  erected  a  Iniilding  which 
has  pro\-ed  unsatisfactory  in  an\-  respect. 


flCi 


IvL 


^ 


BIOURAPJJJCAL  APPENDIX. 


ScMRArnsTADTKR,  Cart,  Q.,son  of  Carl  (j.  of  1.H72,  when  the  lniildin,<);  was  entirely  destroyed, 

and    Henrietta    (  Witschieber )    Scliraubstadter,  and  it  was  only  by  hi.s  vi.y;orons  efforts,  with  the 

was  born  in  Dresden,  Germany,  May  li^',  1827  assistance  of  some  of  the    employes,  that    the 

He  was  edncated  in  the  school  of  Rath  S:  That'  fonndry's  valnable    matrices    were    saved.     He 

Dresden,  and  at  the  a.i;e  of  fonrteen  was  ap])ren-  remained  with  the  honse  two  years  after  this, 

ticed  to  Mcinhold  &  Sons,  royal  printers  and  pnb-  or  nntil  it  was  re-established.      He  then,  in  1874, 

lishers,  wlu)  conducted  a  laro;e  establishment  in  came  west   and,  in  partnership  with  Mr.  James 

Dresden,    where  they    manufactured   their  own  A.    .St.    John,    established     the     Central     Type 

ly])e  as  well  as  doing  a  large  amount  of  printing  l'"onndry  in  thiscit)',  Mr.  Scliraubstadter  becom- 

for  members  of  the  roval  family  and  others.    He  ing  president  of  the  company  and  manager  of 

served    six    \ears   with   this   t'lrni,  and   made  an  the  mechanical  department,  while  Mr.  St.  John 


immense  cpiantit\'  ot 
t\pe  by  hand  with 
small  molds  and  the 
ladle,  casting  ma- 
chines being  looked 
upon  as  impossible 
iikas  ill  ('.eniiaiu 
l"ilt\    \ears  ago. 

In  1S47,  his  time 
being  up,  he  worked 
as  a  journeyman  at 
Ihida-Pest,  in  Hun- 
gar\-,  Prague,  Linz 
in  Austria,  .Munich 
in  r>  a  \-  a  r  i  a  ,  and 
l'"iau  k  f  ort-ou-thc- 
Maiu,  and  after  an 
extensixecxix-rience 
in  (icrmaiu  he  went 
to  luigland,  wiiere 
he  stayed  for  a  short 
liiiR-.  In  l''^.')4  he 
came  ti>  .\  m erica  , 


CARL  a.  .^CMkAl  us  I  ADlliR. 


acted  as  secretary 
and  business  man- 
ager. 

In  .\pril,  1888, 
Messrs.  Scliraub- 
stadter and  St.  John 
]iurchased  a  con- 
trolling interest  in 
the  Host  o  u  Type 
Foundry,  the  same 
house  of  wdiich  the 
former  had  been  an 
employe  for  a  score 
of  years,  and  of 
w  h  i  c  li  after  the 
above  date  he  was 
president  and  Mr. 
St.  John  secretary. 
On  November,  I'l, 
1.S!I2,  the  Central 
Type  Foundry  and 
tlie  Boston  Type 
Foundry  were  sold 
to    the    American 


originally   with    the 

inUiition  of  seeing  the  couiUr\-,  but  he  wa.s  so  Type  b'oundry  Company,  and  .Mr.  Schraub- 
im])rcsscd  with  what  he  .saw,  tliat  he  determined  sladter  and  his  partner  retired  from  business, 
to  remain  permanently  ill  America.  He  worked  The  eighteen  years  Mr.  Scliraubstadter  had 
for  James  Connor's  .Sons,  type  founders,  for  a  charge  of  the  practical  department  of  tlie 
short  lime,  and  wliile  trade  was  slack  accepted  Central  Type  I'ouudry  was  the  period  of  the 
a  temiiorary  position  in  the  Boston  Ty])c  greatest  development  in  the  type-making  art, 
l'"oundry,  where,  however,  he  remained  for  and  many  changes  and  improvements  were  due 
twenty  years.  Being  a  steadv  and  industrious  to  his  iugeuuity.  The  Central  was  a  factor  in 
man,  he  saved  monev,  and  in  the  year  IStl'i  the  art  from  almost  its  infancy  to  the  present, 
IMirclia.sed  an  interest  in  the  foundry  and  took  and  at  the  time  it  was  sold  was  one  of  the  lead- 
charge  of  the  mechanical  deiiartmeut.  He  was  ing  houses  in  its  line  west  of  the  Mi.ssissippi. 
connected  with  llic   liouse  duriii"    the   "reat  tire  Tlie  work   with   which    Mr.  .Schranb.stadter  was 


41S 


OLD  AND  NI-:\V  ST.   LOUIS. 


so  loiisj  coiiiK-clcd  is  l)fin<'  coiiliiuKd  hv  liis  sons, 
who  have  established  llic  Inland  Tn  |)c  l^'onndiy. 

Mr.  Schranbstadler  is  a  very  popular  man, 
esjieciallv  in  (iernian  circles.  He  is  an  excel- 
lent sinjjer,  lia\inij  frequenth'  appeared  in  pub- 
lic and  suns.;  in  operas  in  Boston  and  St.  Louis 
in  his  younj^cr  days.  He  is  still  a  member  tjf 
the  Orpheus  Musical  Societ)',  of  Boston,  as  well 
as  of  the  Liederkranz  Society,  of  vSt.  I^ouis. 
The  family  is  a  distinctly  musical  one,  and  Mr. 
Schraubstadter  takes  much  interest  in  the 
musical  studies  of  his  children. 

In  the  vear  bSliO  he  was  married  to  Miss 
.\u.i>usta  Stern,  of  Cassel,  (xermany,  and  the 
couple  have  nine  children  living;.  Of  these, 
Carl  is  in  business  as  the  head  of  tlie  Western 
Engravers'  SuppK  Company,  and  also  as  sec- 
retary of  the  Inland  Type  I^onndry.  Wilhelm 
and  Oswald,  in  l^iK^,  established  the  Inland 
Tvpe  Foundr\',  of  wliich  the  former  is  jiresident 
and  the  latter  vice-president;  Ida,  now  ^Irs. 
Sohm,  resides  in  Dresden,  Germany;  Richard 
has  fitted  himself  as  a  mining  engineer;  George, 
after  stud\'ing  the  art  of  brewing  in  Germany, 
is  now  brew-master  of  the  American  Brewing 
Association,  at  Houston,  Te.xas;  .Mlie,  now 
Mrs.  Hacker,  alscj  resides  in  Houslon;  I'just 
graduated  this  \ear  from  Uic  Manual  Train- 
ing School;  Emma  is  now  llie  wife  of  Mr. 
Cioertz,  general  agent  of  the  Gennauia  I^ife 
Insurance  Company  of  this  cil\'. 

.SiULTZ,  Jdux  .\.  J. — In  presenting  to  the 
public  the  names  of  men  of  the  cit\-  of  St.  Louis 
who  have  by  force  of  character  and  energy, 
together  with  a  combination  of  qualities  and 
ability,  made  themselves  conspicuous  in  pri- 
vate and  public  life,  there  is  no  example  more 
fit  to  present,  and  none  more  worthy  to  be  re- 
membered, than  John  A.  J.  Shultz.  Not  onl\- 
does  he  rise  above  the  standard  in  his  Hue  of 
business,  but  he  also  possesses  in  a  high  degree 
the  excellences  of  human  nature  and  christian 
character  that  makes  men  worthy  and  respected 
among  their  fellow-men.  He  is  high-minded 
and  liberal  in  his  business;  one  who  is  alive  to 
all   the   varying   requirements  of   trade,    who.se 


operations  ha\e  been  of  tlu-  most  extended  and 
weightN'  character,  wlm  with  others  have  suc- 
ceeded in  making  St.  Louis  the  great  commer- 
cial and  manufacturing  metro]iolis. 

John  .\.  j.  .Shultz  was  burn  in  ( rranlsville, 
Alleghau)'  county,  .Maryland,  in  the  \ear  IS.'IS, 
where  he  recei\ed  a  common  school  education, 
served  an  apprenticeshii)  in  his  father's  tanner\-; 
later  he  conducted  the  business  of  said  tannery 
and  also  engaged  in  merchandising  in  connec- 
tion therewith.  In  the  year  lX(i4  he  moved  to 
St.  Louis  and  engaged  in  the  hide  and  leather 
business.  In  1.S72  he  formed  a  co-j)arlnerslii]) 
in  the  tanning  lousiness  at  the  present  location 
with  Captain  C.  \V.  Ford,  who  was  then  the 
LTnited  States  Collector  of  Internal  Ke\-enue  for 
vSt.  Louis.  In  lS7;'i  Cai)tain  Ford  died,  .Mr. 
Shultz  inirchased  his  interest  in  the  tnisiness 
and  conducted  the  same  until  1H7().  In  the 
meantime  he  was  experimenting  in  nuiking  the 
surface-turned  full  rawhide  belting,  the  first 
belting  turned  out  in  lX7ii.  .Securing  a  patent 
for  the  manufacturing  of  the  same,  the  belting 
after  being  introduced  to  the  ](ublic  met  with 
such  success  that  he  formed  a  stock  company, 
and  the  vShultz  Belting  Comix-uu-  was  organized 
in  the  s]iring  of  l'S77,  at  which  lime  he  was 
elected  president,  and  has  been  its  president 
since  the  com])an\'  has  been  organized — an 
honor  wliicli  has  been  conferred  upon  him  {ox 
his  energy  and  business  qualities.  The  com- 
])any  started  with  a  capital  of  !?;>(), (M)();  it  is 
now  increased  to  S;5;5(),()()0.  .V  glimpse,  how- 
ever, of  the  most  important  i)art  is  the  extensi\-e 
w'orks  at  the  corner  of  Bismarck  and  Barton 
streets,  which  stands  to  speak  as  a  monument 
unto  itself.  This  gives  but  a  faint  idea  of  the 
extent  of  the  works.  The  factory  covers  a 
front  of  200  feet  bv  Itili  feet,  and  comprises  in  all 
three  four-storv  buildings.  The  business  of  the 
company  extends  to  all  parts  oi  the  globe  except 
China  and  Egypt.  The  great  demand  for  the 
belting  by  the  electric  light  plants  throughout 
the  countr\-  has  caused  the  Shultz  company  to 
identifx"  themseK'es  with  almost  every  scheme 
that  tends  to  promote  the  welfare  of  electrical 
interests.     As  a  prominent  member  of  the  St. 


rUOGRAPIllCAL  APPHNDIX. 


44!) 


Louis  Electric  Club,  he  leut  his  aid  in  every 
possible  way  to  push  the  work  of  preparation  ffir 
the  late  electric  convention  which  met  in  St. 
Louis.  lie  is  entitled  to  a  full  measure  of  the 
apjM'eciation  of  every  one  in  attendance. 

Mr.  Shultz  is  the  owner  of  a  fine  stf)ck  farm 
near  Lexington,  Missouri,  where  he  and  his 
famiK-  spend  the  summer,  upon  which  farm  he 
raises  some  of  the  finest  trotting  horses  in  the 
State. 

Mr.  Shultz  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Brown 
in  isr)il,  of  wdiich 
marriage  there  has 
been  ten  children. 
Seven  children  are 
still  living — four 
(laughters  and  three 
sons.  I  le  united  in 
an  earlv  da\'  with  tlie 
Lutheran  Church. 
After  his  arrival  in 
vSt.  Louis  he,  with  a 
few  others,  started 
and  organized  the 
present  St.  Mark's 
Lutheran  Church,  of 
which  Dr.  Rhodes  is 
jiastor.  l''rom  a  few 
\\\  e  ui  hers  it  h  a  s 
grown  to  a  large 
church  and  wields  a 
large  influence  in  the 
comnmnit\'. 

His  father  was 
Adam    Shultz,    his 

mother  Miss  Nancy  Shockey,  both  born  in  Suni- 
erset  county,  Pennsylvania,  the  foruu-r  in  the 
vear  17.S!),  llie  latter  in  1S(I2.  Tlie\  were  united 
in  marriage  in  J. SIS,  of  which  union  there  were 
fourteen  children — nine  sons  and  fiw  daughters. 
His  grandfather  on  his  mother's  side,  Christian 
Shockcv,  served  his  country  faithfully  through 
the  Revolutionary  war. 

Ci.i: ARV,  RiCDMdNii,  the  well-known  commis- 
sion merchant,  whose  ]iiclure  ai>i)cars  on  this 
page,    was   born  in  Couut\    Tipperary,  Ireland, 

29 


KKUnuND  CLliAKV 


May  25,  1829,  where  his  father  was  a  farmer. 
He  attended  a  local  ]U'i\ate  school  until  his  fif- 
leenlh  year,  when  he  went  to  work  on  his 
father's  farm,  where  he  remained  until  he  was 
twent}-. 

In  l.H.V)  he  came  to  America  and  at  once  set- 
tled in  .St.  Ivonis,  where  his  brother-in-law,  Mr. 
P.  R\  an,  resided.  For  a  year  he  drove  a  team 
for  Mr.  Ryan,  who  was  a  contractor  on  Man- 
chester road,  and  he  next  secured  a  position 
under  Mr.  Jolin  J.  Anderson,  of  Carondelet,  for 

whom  he  worked 
luitil  LS.")4,  taking 
care  of  his  hor.ses 
and  doing  other 
work  around  his 
place. 

b'ortheuext  ele\en 
years  he  was  en- 
gaged in  the  retail 
grocery  and  feed 
busi  ness.  In  the 
\ear  LSt;."),  he,  hav- 
ing sa\ed  consider- 
able money,  organ- 
ized the  fi r m  of 
Cleary  &  Tay  lor, 
commission  mer- 
chants, with  hcad- 
(|uarters  at  2(i  South 
Commercial  street. 
In  1N7.">  a  brand) 
establishment  was 
opened  in  Chicago, 
Mr.  Taylor  going  to 
that  city  to  take  charge  of  it,  and  two  years 
later  the  firm  di.s.solvcd  partnership,  Mr.  Cleary 
retaining  the  St.  Louis  connection. 

In  b*>>'''^  he  incorporated  his  business  under 
the  name  ol  Redmond  Cleary  Commission  Com- 
l)anv.  with  a  paid-up  capital  of  $200, (tOO.  The 
liou.se  does  a  verv  large  and  exceedingly  .sound 
business,  with  Mr.  R.  Cleary  at  the  head  of  it, 
having  forced  his  way  lo  the  front  from  a  very 
hnnd)le  commencement. 

The  companv  is  very  ably  officered.  In 
addition  to  having  for  its  president  one  of  the 


.ir,n 


Ol.n  AND  NEW  ST.   I  .(WIS. 


best  known  and  most  rcliahlc  commission  men  cliinc  sliop,  lie  took  up  tlic  stncU'  of  law,  in  dnc 
in  tlio  West,  it  lias  for  its  vice-president  Mr.  I). 
C.  I>\rne,  and  for  its  secretary  Mr.  Timothy  K. 
Cleary.  It  lias  special  representatives  in  Illi- 
nois, Tennessee,  Texas,  Kentncky,  Nebraska, 
Iowa,  and  other  States,  and  is  increasing  its  con- 
nection cverv  year.  Mr.  Cleary  is  acli\e  in  all 
details  of  its  manairemenl. 


IIli;im\,  JoilN"  C,  the  well-known  altornex', 
and  member  of  the  firm  of  Hi^don  ^  Hi.i;(lon  iS: 
Longan.  was  born  in 
the  little  town  of 
Grio^gsville,  Illinois, 
in  l.S()(l.  He  conies 
of  old  Mar\land 
stock  on  his  father's 
side,  Higdoii  being 
a  family  name  that 
has  been  respected 
for  man\gener;ilions 
in  the  .State.  His 
father  was  John 
Erasmns  H  i  gdon  , 
while  his  mother  be- 
fore marriage  was 
Sarah  Baldwin,  of 
i.ilclifield,  Connect- 
icut. On  the  distaff 
side  of  the  house, 
our  subject  is  tliere- 
fore  of  Puritan 
stock,  as  old  as  any 
to  be  found  in  New 
England. 


JOHN  c.  HionoN. 


time  was  admitted  to  college,  and  after  gradua- 
tion ])egan  the  ])racticc  of  law,  at  which  he 
has  been  \-cry  successful. 

Mr.  lligdon  is  married,  and  has  a  family,  and 
is  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity.  In  ])oli- 
lics  he  is  a  Rejmblican,  and  although  he  has 
ne\cr  sought  office,  was  almost  forced  into  nomi- 
nation in  1<S!I2  as  candidate  for  Congress. 

P)i;i<c.iN,  MiciiAi;!.,  who  died  during  the  spring 

of  the  i)rescnt  year, 
had  during  his  brief 
life  earned  for  him- 
self the  res])ect  and 
esteem  of  the  mem- 
bers (_)f  till'  furniture 
trade  of  this  city. 
He  \vas  born  on  Xo- 
\ember,  l."i,  ISiiD, 
his  father  being  Mr. 
Michael  Hergin,  Sr., 
the  w  e  1  1  -  k  n  o  w  n 
furniture  man,  who 
opened  the  ])resent 
business  house  when 
the  subject  of  this 
brief  sketch  was  but 
two  \  e  a  r  s  old. 
Young  .Michael  coni- 
inenced  to  attend 
public  schools  soon 
after  the  close  of  the 
war,  and  he  then 
entered  the  .St.  Louis 


When  John  was  six  years  old  his  parents  L'nivcrsit\-,  where  he  took  a  full  course  of  study, 
located  in  Kansas  City,  and  it  was  there  that  he  His  father  died  in  bsys,  and  although  young 

received    his    common    school    education.       As  Michael   was  barch-  eighteen   years   of    age   he 

.soon  as  he  was  old  enough   he  went  to  work  in  assumed    control    oi    the    business,    being    snb- 

a  machine  shoj)  of  which    his   father  was  pro-  sequentU'  assisted  b\'  his  two  younger  brothers — 

prietor,  and  it  was  there  he  acquired  a  practical  Andrew  J.  and   Frank.      Young  as  he  was,  Mr. 

insight  into  the  mechanism  of  tools,   engines,  Bergin  largely  increased  the  scope  of  the  firm's 

boilers  and  all  kinds  of  machinery,  a  knowledge  operations,  and  the  old-established  house  became 

that    has   been    invaluable  to    the    fii"m   in  the  still  better  known  to  the  trade.     As  a  member 

practice  of  law  involving  the  intricacies  of  all  of  the  Furniture   Board  of  Trade,  Mr.  Bergin's 

kinds  of  patents.  work  was   \-aluable  and   continuous,  and    it  was 

After  serving  a  number  of  years  in  the  ma-  not    until    the    year    b'^H:.'    that   his   attendance 


nroGRAPiiicAi.  APPF.xnrx. 


451 


became  less  regular.  His  health  then  began  to 
fail,  and  in  January  of  this  year  he  finally  relin- 
(inished  the  cares  of  the  business  to  his  brothers 
and  went  to  San  Antonio,  Texas.  He  rallied  for  a 
tinir,  l)ut  consumption  had  obtained  too  strong 
a  liold  upon  him  and  he  died  quite  a  young  man, 
although  old  in  general  experience  and  useful- 
ness. 

Lo.NC.A.N,  hjiWAKii  Iv.,  an  able  la\v\er,  an 
expert  on  i)atent  questions,  and  a  lo_\al  Mason, 
is  a  member  of  one 
of  the  oldest  and 
most  p  r  o  m  i  n  e  n  t 
families  of  Missouri. 
He  was  born  at  Cal- 
ifornia, in  Moniteau 
count),  vSeptember 
>>,  1  M)(>,  and  is  hence 
(juite  a  young  man, 
des])ite  his  promi- 
nence as  a  ]3  a  tent 
lawyer. 

His  early  life  was 
spent  on  a  farm,  and 
at  the  age  of  four- 
teen he  entered  the 
classical  and  scien- 
tific courses  of  the 
University  of  Mis- 
souri, at  Columbia, 
and  graduated  from 
the  iirstituliou  the 
N'oungest  in  the  class 
in  June,    bH.si!.     .\t 

the  age  of  nineteen  he  connnenced  the  study  of     Though  possessed  with  a  fine  honest  face  and  a 
the  law,  and  after  three  years'  clu.se  reading  of     singularly  charming  manner  and  affable  disposi- 
the    fundamental    theories   of    the    law    he    was 
admitted    to  the    l)ar,  and   completed    his    legal 


KDWAKU  K.  I.ONCiAN. 


highly  educated  young  lawyers  of  the  St.  Louis 
bar. 

( )n  lea\ing  New  Haven,  Conuecticut,  became 
west  and  formed  a  co-partnershi])  with  .Mr. 
Higdon,  which  has  probably  the  largest  client- 
age of  any  patent  law  firm  in  the  Southwest. 
.\lthongh  not  yet  twenty-eight  years  of  age  Mr. 
Longan  has  won  by  indomitable  will  and  energ\- 
an  enviable  reputation  as  a  ])atent  lawyer  and 
scientific  expert,  and  could  have  no  doubt 
received  the  appointment  of  United  States  com- 
missioner of  patents 
would  he  have  ac- 
cepted it.  He  has 
not  only  achieved  a 
l)hcnonienal  success 
as  an  attorney,  but  by 
shrewd  and  judicious 
investments  has  ac- 
c  n  m  u  I  a  t  e  d  c  o  n  - 
siderable  property. 

.\lthough  not  an 
active  politician  or 
office-seeker  he  is  a 
strong  Democrat  and 
never  loses  an  oppor- 
tunity to  assist  in 
ail  saucing  the  causes 
and  triumphs  of 
Democracv'.  He  is 
a  member  of  no 
church  but  is  spirit- 
nalK'  inclined  and 
has  a  veneration  for 
the    Scriptures. 


studies  and  post-graduate  course  at  Yale  I'ni- 
versity.  New  Haven,  Connecticut,  where  he 
graduated  with  honors  in  June,  lf<f<!i.  lie 
received  his  classical  and  legal  education  under 
the  most  jirofonud  inslrui'lious  in  Auurica,  ami 
having  superior  advantages  and  being  endowed 
with  a  \igorous  and  aciUe  niiiul  aud  energetic 
nature,    he    is  without   doubt    one    of   llie  nuist 


tion  he  has  never  been  a  zealous  student  of  the 
art  of  making  hinrsclf  agreeable  to  society — his 
lime  being  exclusively  devoted  ti)  his  profes- 
sional and  business  duties,  and  attending  per- 
sonally to  the  wants  of  his  large  and  ever 
increasing  clientage. 

Mr.  Longan  is  a  prominent  •Vl  degree  Ma.son, 
and  is  a  member  of  all  the  Ma.sonic  bodies  and 
Missouri  Consist<iry,  Xo.  1,  of  the  .\ncient  and 
Accepted  Scottish  Rites. 


Ol.n  AND  NF.W  Sr.  L()f7S. 


I)i:i.i..\CKi.i.A,    SriU'iiKN,  one  of  the  leadiiit,'  most  of  the  time  at  the  mouth  of  the  Yellow- 

Amcrican-llalians  of  St.  Louis,   is  a  native  of  stone,      .\fter  his  dischartje  he   came  east  and 

snuuv-skied    and    historic    Italy,  and  was   born  h)cated  at   .Sioux   Cilx',  Iowa,  where  duriui;   llie 

October    I,    1N.'>I>,  in  tlie  little  sea-port  town  of  two  years  of  his  stay   he  started   to  learn  the 

Chiavari,  situated  on  the  Mediterranean,  twenty  marble-cnttin;:;  trade.     Then  he  determined  to 

miles  north  of  (ienoa.      He  is  the  son  of  Emau-  visit    his   old    lionic    in  Memjihis,  but   when   he 

uel    and    Marie    Dellacella.      The     former    was  reached    thai   cit\-   he   learned  with   the   deejjcst 

fitted  for  the  l)ar  and  practiced  law  in  Italy,  but  .sorrow  that  l)oth  of  his  parents  had  died.      Dur- 

after  coming  to  America  lie  engaged  in  the  mer-  ing  the  few  years  following  his  return  to  ;\Iem- 


cautile  business.    Mr.  Dellacella  attended  school 
in  Italv,  from  his  sixth  to  his  tenth  year. 

When  Stephen 
had  reached  that  age, 
his  parents  had  emi- 
grated to  America 
and  settled  at  Mem- 
phis, Tennessee, 
where  the  elder  Del- 
lacella engaged  in 
the  boot  and  shoe 
trade.  At  Mem])liis, 
Mr.  Dellacella  was 
reared  until  he  was 
fourteen  years  old, 
when,  his  voulliful 
imagination  fired  by 
])atriotism  for  his 
adopted  couulr\-,  and 
with  true  youthful 
rashness  and  thirst 
for  adventure,  he  en- 
listed in  the  b'ederal 
army,  without  ]ia- 
rental  consent.  He 
was    fourteen    vears 


STEPHEN  DELLACELLA. 


])his,  he   alternated   between    that    city   and   vSt. 

Louis,  carr\iug  on  a  general  commisssion  trade, 

which  in  that  day 
proved  \ery  jirofit- 
able. 

In  1S74  he  met 
and  married  the  lady 
who  is  now  his  wife, 
Miss  Susan  .Siui])- 
sou,  a  native  of  liu- 
glaud,  wdio  had  only 
been  in  this  country 
a  short  time  when 
she  met  her  jireseut 
husband.  Ilis  mar- 
riage had  much  to  do 
with  Mr.Dellacella's 
determinatiou  to  set- 
tle down.  Si.  Louis 
offered  Iiiui  good 
prospects,  and  he 
settled  in  this  cit\- 
and  embarked  in  the 
general  ])  r  o  d  u  c  e 
commission  busi- 
ness.    This    line  of 


old  at  that  time,  and  probably  the  youngest  trade  he  followed  until  about  six  years  ago, 
soldier  in  the  Union  ranks,  but  he  had  the  cour-  when  he  secured  control  of  the  New  Everett 
age  and  grit  of  a  true  veteran,  and  served  under  hotel,  at  Olive  and  Fourth-,  which  he  has  man- 
Sherman  until  the  cessation  of  hostilities. 

His  experience,  far  from  abating  his  ardor, 
developed  within  him  a  liking  for  military  life, 
and  at  the  end  of  the  war  he  enlisted  in  the  reg- 
ular standing  army.  In  this  service  he  re- 
mained three  years,  and  received  his  discharge 
in  his  eighteenth  year;  while  yet  a  boy,  he  was  compelled  to  overcome,  have  been  converted  by 
still    a  veteran.  him  into  l)eneficial  lessons,   and    he    is  to-day  a 

While  in   the  regular  army   he  was  stationed      successful    business    man    and   a    leader  of    the 


aged  ever  since. 

^fr.  Dellacella  is  a  thoroughh'  self-made  man. 
He  was  al)le  to  enjoy  the  benefit  of  little  school- 
ing, but  his  education  has  lieen  obtained  by  the 
smoothing  influences  of  actual  contact  with  the 
world.     The  adverse  circumstances  he  has  been 


/.7(  n.RArillCAL  .  ii'pj-.Nnix. 


458 


American-Italian  colony  in  this  city.  He  takes  slii])  with  John  J.  Haynes,  nnder  tlic  firm  name 
a  li\el\-  interest  in  public  matters  and  is  iiifln-  of  Harnett  (S:  IIa\nes,  which  has  been  hi<;lil\- 
ential  in  local  counsels  of  the  Republican  partw  prosperous  up  to  the  present  time,  the  firm  rank- 
He  is  literary  in  his  tastes,  and  would  have  made  in<;-  ainon.y^  tlie  first  in  St.  Louis, 
a  jjood  newsj^aper  man,  had  he  turned  his  atten-  The  more  conspicuous  of  his  man\-  professional 
tiou  in  that  direction.  uiulertakin<i^s  are  noticeable  in  the  Visitation 
It  was  Mr.  Dellacella  who  was  one  of  the  Convent,  the  Scholastic  Building  of  the  Jesuit 
mo.st  active  or,u;anizers  of  the  American-Italian  Collej^re,  the  fine  bnildinjij  occupied  by  the  V.  A. 
Cavalrv,  com])osed  of  the  leadino;  citizens  of  Drew  (ilass  Company,  the  elej;ant  residence  of 
Italian  birth  in  St.  Louis,  and  which  was  R.  IC.  Stockton,  the  St.  Rose's  Church,  Mar- 
organized  with  the  e.\])ectation  of  takiui^  a  lead-  qnette  Club,  Sodality  Hall,  the  Lewis  C.  Nelson 


ing  part  in  the  open- 
ing of  the  World's 
I'air. 

Mr.  Dellacella  is 
a  member  of  the 
.Ancient  ( )rd  e  r  o  f 
r  11  i  led  Wdikiiieu, 
and  tt)ok  a  leading 
part  in  the  \ational 
convention  of  the 
order  in  this  city  in 
1.S1I2,  acting  as 
master  of  ceremonies 
and  grand  marshal 
of  the  parade.  He 
is  also  a  member  of 
the  K  nights  of 
1'  y  t  h  i  a  s  and  the 
(iraiid  .\rni\-  nf  the 
Republic.  He  has 
but  oiu-  child — a 
daughter  Hearing 
womanhood. 

Mr.  Dellacella  is 
a   handsome,  powerfu 


Ol  DkUl:    I).    II  Vk'M    I   I  . 


1  Indkiu''    iiiaii,  and  is   iIk- 


.•erv  picture  of   good  health. 


Building,  and  many 
others  that  reflect 
hoiKjrable  credit 
upon  the  abilit\-  and 
superior  taste  of  the 
architect. 

He  was  married 
to  Miss  Nellie  R. 
Haynes,  of  St.  Louis, 
a  ladv  of  many  ac- 
complishments, and 
daughter  of  Thomas 
and  ]\Iary  (  Farrell ) 
Haynes,  b\-  wlu)m  he 
has  one  c  h  i  1  d — 
(icorge  Haynes. 

Ml.  Harnett  has 
established  a  fine 
reputation  as  an 
architect  and  is 
rapidly  rising  in  his 
profession  to  be  a 
worthy  successor  to 
h  i  s  distingnislied 
father,    whose    achievements    are   well    known. 

Mii.i.i.K,  'PiioMA.s   P.,  whose  portrait  appears 
1  t 
pop 


on  till'  next  pa^e,  has  made  himself  exceedingly 
)nlar  bv  his  ellicieiit   maiiat:emenl  of  the  St. 


H.\KNi;rr,  ( 'ri':i)RC,r.  D.,  the  son  of  George  I. 
and  IClizabeth  (  .\rinstroiig )  Harnett,  was  born 
in  St.  Louis  on  the  7tli  of  October,  ISC.;;.  IK-  James  Hotel,  which  is  situated  on  Broadway  at 
was  thoronghh  educated  at  private  schools  and  the  corner  of  Walnut  siiwi.  It  practically  ad- 
the  Chiisliau  HioiIris'  College.  .Vfter complet-  joins  the  ()!\iiii>ic  theater,  and  has  always  been 
iiig  his  scholastic  studies  he  entered  the  olTice  looked  upon  with  favor  by  menil)ers  of  the  tlie- 
of  his  father  and  imrsued  a  course  of  instruction  atrical  and  musical  professions,  thousands  of 
in  architecture,  both  in  theory  and  practice.  wli..iii  are  i)ei.sonally  actiuainted  with  the  sub- 
In  Se|)tciuber,   iss'.i,  he  foi  lued   a  co-|>arlner-  ject  ol  this  sketch. 


454 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.Ol'IS. 


Mr.  Thoiuas  1'.  Miller  has  been   proprietor  of  throw  of  it.      The  P>roa(l\va\- cars,  taking;  ])asseu- 

this  hotel  for  about  sixteen  years,  dnrin<;  which  ijers  to  both  the  north  and  south  ends,  ])ass  the 

time    he     has    practically     reconstructed     the  door,    and    tlie    Fourth    Street  Cable,   the  Cass 

estal)lisliiueut,  so  uuuierous  aud  complete  ha\e  A\enue  and   Pair  (irouuds  Hue,  the  South   St. 

been  the  chauj^es  he  has  uuide  in  order  to  secure  Louis  Electric,  the  Forest  Park  and  Laclede,  aud 

tlie   comfort  of    his   y;uests.      The   hotel    is   now  the  Tower  ( Fro\e   aiul   .Shaw's   darden  lines  are 

lif^hted  by  eleclricit\'  throughout  and  is  fitted  up  all  within  the  shortest  possible  distance  on  foot, 

with  c\ery  modern  convenience.  Mr.  Miller's   personal   attention  to  the   needs 

It  has  two  hundred  roouis  and,  in  addition  to  of  his  patrons,  and  his  marked  abilit>'  as  a  hotel 

a  transient  trade  of  great  proportions,  it  also  manager  and  general  caterer,  are  so  cons])icuous 

does  a  \^x\  large  business  in   the  pro\ision  of  that    to   those   wlio  ha\-e   \-isited  the   hotel   au\- 


homes  for  residents. 
The  dining-room  is 
V  e  r  y  commodious 
and  will  seat  three 
hundred  people 
easilw  Thetalileis 
excei)lioually  good, 
and  in  nuin\-  respects 
is  fully  equal  to  that 
at  the  most  costly 
hotels. 

Although  popular 
prices  pre\ail,  e\ery 
provision  is  made 
for  the  safet\-  and 
comfort  of  guests. 
In  order  to  minimize 
the  risk  of  fire,  the 
kitchen,  boiler-room 
aud  bake  r  y  are 
located  in  a  building- 
altogether  distinct 
from  the  hotel  itself, 
an  a  d  va  ut  a  ge  in 

many  ways,  in  addition  to  the  great  reduction  of 
risk. 

Ivich  of  the  two  hundred  rooms  is  pleasanth' 
situated  aud  .snbstanliallv  furnished.      The  hotel 


^^ 

■i 

1 

^y^^B                      '^^v^^^^^^^^^^^^S'^ 

^^Bjf  *.-"^'"' V'" ' 

THOAIAS  P.  Alll.l.Lk. 


reference  to  them 
would  a])])ear  sn])er- 
tlnous.  r.iit  it  is  in- 
1 1-  re  s  t  i  n  g  to  note 
how  nuieh  has  1)een 
accomplished  b\  the 
gen  t  leni  an  whose 
])ictnreis  reproduced 
on  this  i^age.  St. 
Louis  has  for  some 
N'ears  suffered  during 
fcstivit\and  con\eu- 
tiou  seasons  from  a 
lack  of  hotel  accom- 
modations. On  these 
occasions  the  St. 
j  ames  has  done  more 
than  its  share  of  the 
work  of  entertain- 
ing, .'uid  the  nnnier- 
ons  1)oarders  have 
cheerfnlh-  co-oper- 
ated in  the  work  of 
ho.spitality. 
Havdkl,  Dr.  Franci.s  L. — vSt.  Louis  has 
been  fortunate  in  the  men  who  have  filled  the 
real  estate  ranks,  and  in  none  more  so  than 
in  the  man  who   has    the    distinction   of    beino 


is  heated  by  steam,  and  it  is  also  provided  with  at    the    head   of   the   oldest   real  estate  agency 

a  very  satisfactory  elevator  service.      Its  office  in  St.  Louis.     The   firm   of  Haydel  &  Sou,  of 

and  rotunda  are  conveniently  located,  and  large  which    he   is   the    head,    was   known    for  numv 

crowds  of  capable  actors  as   well   as  ])rominent  \ears  as  John   P>vrne,  Jr.,  &;  Company.      It  was 

business  men  are   frequently  to  be   found   in  the  established  more    than    half  a    century   ago   by 

latter.  Mr.  John   Byrne,  Jr.,   who  came  to   vSt.    Louis 

Another  cause  of  the  popularity  of  the  St.  from  New  York  in   1S39  aud  opened  up  a  real 

James  is  the  street-car  service  within  a  stone's  estate  business  the  following  year.     The  subject 


BIOGRAPHICAL  AJ'J'hX/>/.\. 


455 


of  this  sketch  became  associated  in  business  Louis,  and  especiall\' for  the  real  estate  fraternity, 
with  Mr.  Hvrne  just  at  tlie  end  of  the  war,  Tor  many  years  lie  was  a  director  and  indeed  a 
relievinc^  the  founder  of  uuieh  of  the  hard  work,  ^uidinjj  spirit  in  the  old  St.  Louis  Real  Estate 
The  lalLer,  liowever,  alwa\  s  declined  to  retire  E.xchauije,  and  it  is  interestinji;  to  note  that  his 
entirely  from  business  until  he  had  completed  son,  Mr.  H.  L.  Haydel,  is  now  takinj^  an  equally 
his  sevent\:-fifth  year,  and  during  the  remaining  ])rominent  interest  in  the  real  estate  exchange 
nine  vcars  of  his  life  he  took  a  great  interest  in      of  to-dav. 

the  firm,  enjoying  up   to  almost  the  day  of  his  Tlu-  firui   with   which    Mr.  Haydel    has   been 

death  quite  a  rejiutatiou  as  an   expert  in  values,      conncclecl  for  many   years  is  as  important  as  it 

pA'cry  western  historian  <if  the  time  consulted      is    old-established.       When    its    ])rincipal    first 

Mv.    r.\rne    frecpientlN-,    and    his   knowledge    of      went    into    business    there   was    little    specula- 

ti(jn,  and  the  most 
important  work  con- 
sisted in  collecting 
rents  and  managing 
estates.  Ciradually 
the  scope  of  the 
operations  enlarged, 
until  now  Ha\del  & 
Son  are  conspicuous 
in  almost  every  line 
of  b  u  s  i  n  e  s  s  con- 
nected with  realty. 
For  many  years  the 
lending  of  money  on 
deeds  of  trust  has 
been  a  specialtv,  and 
several  millions  of 
eastern  capital  have 
l)een  placed  by  the 
house  where  they 
have  brought  gowl 
returns  for  the 
investors  and  also 
enabled  the  borrow- 


local  history  and  the 
current  e\-ents  of 
a  half  c  e  u  I  u  r  y 
crowded  with  oc- 
currences of  start  ling 
i  m  ])  o  r  I  a  u  c  e  was 
remarkable. 

Mr.  Ilaydel  was 
born  in  St.  James. 
Parish,  Louisiana, 
in  l^-!>>.  He  was 
e  d  u  c  a  I  e  d  at  St. 
Xa\'ier"s  Coll  cge , 
Cincinnati,  and  later 
at  Pope's  .Medical 
College,  as  the  .St. 
Louis  Medical  Col- 
lege was  then  called. 
Having  obtained  his 
degree  he  took 
charge  of  the  ])ul)lic 
dispensar\-,  but  later 
returned  to  his nali\e 
State  and  earned 
(|uiu-  a    repulaliou   as  a  physician. 


l)k.   I  kANCIS 


HAM)i;i. 


1    l.si;."i  Ik-  ers  to  embark  in  enterprises  and  effect  improve- 

returned    lo    St.  Louis    and    associated    himself  nients  of  immense  importance  to  the  city. 
with  his   father-in-law.  Mr.  John   P.yrue.  Jr.,  as  The   reputation  for  conservatism  and   probity 

alreadx  slate<l.    Since  thai  limehe  has  abandoned  which  both  past  and  present  members  of  the  firm 

uiediciiie   cutireK  ,    although    his   old   title  still  have  always  enjoyed   has  also  led  to  very  large 

clings  to  him.      His  oldest  son.  Marry  L.  Hay-  sums  of  money   being  placed  in  their  hands  for 

del,   has  been  associated   with  him  in  business  investment  at  their  di.scretioii.      .\lways  <|nick 

for  the  last  fifteen  years,  and  four  years  ago  the  to     read    tlie    direction     in     which     high-class 

,.ld    name   of  John   Pyrne,  Jr. ,&  Company  was  improvements  were  traveling,  Mr.    Haydel   has 

dropped  and  that  of  Haydel  &  Sou  assumed.  been  able  to  place  his  clients'  money  in  such  a 

In  some   respects   Dr.   Haydel's   life  has  been  manner    as  lo   enable    them   to    reap   very  .snb- 

uiK\eiiUul,  but  he  h.is  done  go.xl   w.irk    for  Si.  slautial     returns     wilhonl     proportionate     risk. 


45(; 


Ol.n  AND  N1-:W  ST.   LOUIS. 


Havdcl  iS:  Sou  are  now  .tjiviii.y;  spci-ial   alUiUinii  futrr]iiisiii>;   cliair  and  luiiiiluic  iiiaiiulaclini.r. 

to  one  of  the  most  picturesque  suhiirhan  <lislricts  Mr.     Micliacl   J.    Iklk-i,   llie   sul)ject    of    tliis 

of  .St.  Louis.    This  is  Fairview  Park,  on  the  line  notice,  was  educated  in  and  graduated  from  that 

of  the  now  electric  railroad  to  Kirkwood,  and  a  great  institution  of  learning,  the  vSt.  Louis  I'ui- 


subdivisiou  which  has  the  l)euefit  of  electric 
lights  anil  iinproNcuK-uts  ol  hy  no  means  an  ordi- 
nary  character. 

Hki.I.I'.k,  Miciiaki.  J.,  is  a  prominent   mem- 
ber of  the  vSt.  Ivouis  hardwood  lumber  business, 
whose    ])ro]K)rtious    have    assumed    such    great 
magnitude    during 
the    last   few  years. 
Although    quite  a 
voung  man,  ]\Ir.Hel- 
ler    is  held   in   high 
repute  b\'  his  associ- 
ates in  business,  and 
is  regarded  as  one  of 
the    shrewdest    and 
most  reliable  bu\ers 
in  the  trade. 

He  was  born  in 
.St.  Louis  November 
24,  l.Slw,  being  the 
son  of  ]\Iichael  and 
Elizabeth  Heller. 
His  father's  name  is 
well  known  to  those 
w  h  o  have  studied 
the  history  of  St. 
Louis  during  the 
last  fifty  years.  He 
was  for  many  years 
the    senior    member 


M.  J.  HELLEK. 


\-ersily,  in  is.si.  Lpon  leaving  college,  with 
the  business  energv  inherited  from  his  father,  he 
entered  the  employment  of  Methudy  iK:  Me>-er, 
the  leading  hardwood  lumber  dealers  of  the  cit\- 
at  that  time,  with  whom  he  remained  until  issy. 
In  that  year  he  organized  the  lirm  of  .Smith  .S: 
Heller,  associating  his  interests  in  the  hardwood 

lumber  business  with 
William  .M .  Smith. 

He  sold  his  inter- 
est in  this  firm  Jan- 
uar\-,  IMtM,  and  in- 
corporated the  M.J. 
Heller  Lumber  Coui- 
pau)-,  of  which  he 
holds  the  position  of 
secretary  and  treas- 
urer. That  firm  has 
achieved  a  gratify- 
ing success,  a  n  d 
stands  financially 
and  otherwise  among 
the  strong  firms  who 
gi  \e  character  and 
widespread  i  n  f  1  u  - 
ence  to  the  mercan- 
tile and  industrial 
operations  of  this 
great  interior  city. 
An  inviting  future  is 
before     him,    a  n  d 


of  the  well-known  firm  of  Heller  &  Hoffman,  while  he  grasps  the  energies  of  present  activities 

chair  mamifacturers,  relinquishing  his  interest  in   commerce  and  the  industries,    he   can   look 

in  that  concern  a  few  months  ago,  when  he  pur-  forward    with  confidence  in  his  own    integrity 

chased  the   St.  Louis   Glue   Company's    works,  and  courage. 
Before  the  adoption  of  the  scheme  and  charter 

which  made  .St.  Louis  an  independent  citv  with  .Saikrkiu'XX,  (iI-;ori;k. — George  .SauerlMuun 

no   count}-   affiliations,  he    was  a  judge  of    the  is  one  of  the   many   (ierman- American   citizens 

county  court,  and  he  discharged  his  duties  with  of  St.  Louis  who  have  done  so  nmch  to  make  the 

great  ability  and  with  satisfaction  to  all.      After  western  metropolis,  and  who  have  been  so  gener- 

retiring  fronr  the  bench   he  retained  his  reputa-  ally  successful.      The  subject  of  this  biography, 

tion  for  jiulicial   ability,  and   also  nuide  a  great  the  son  of  Val  and   Christiana  Sauerbrunu,  was 

reputation    as    a    successful     and     exceedingly  born  in  Bavaria,  Germany,  April  14,  l!S.")7.      He 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPI-A^DIX. 


457 


came   to   Aiiu  lica    with    liis   parents   wIrmi   four  Dai.TOX,  Hon.  Richaku   M. — Uke  so  manv 

}ear.s    old,   and   spent   his  early   youth   in   Cape  men  who  have  risen  to  marked  success  and  liave 

(iirardeau    county,  where    his    parents    settled.  left  the  im])ress  of  their  iudi\idualit>'    on    the 

There    he   received    a   good    education,   leavini^  affairs  of  this  republic,  Hon.    Richard    .M.  Dal- 

.scliool  at  the  age  of  sixteen  to  establish  his  own  ton  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  like  .so  many  other 

fortune.  of  the  strong  and  \irile  class  of  men  that  country 

He  at  once  ajiprenticed   himself  to  a   firm  to  has  given  to  this,  he  has  worked  his  way  from 

learn  the  brickla\er's  trade,  ser\ing  an  appren-  the  bottom  to  the  lop — is  the  architect  of  his  own 

ticeship  of  three   \ears,  or  until   a   foremanship  fortune.       He   was   born    February  ;^,    1X4."),   in 

was  offered  him  by  James  Stewart,  whose  men  Ti])perary,   and    while   he  was  yet   a    babe    his 

he    directed    for    three    years.        In     l>^<sr)     he  parents  joined  the  tide  .setting  toward  the  New 


determined  to  enter 
business  for  himself, 
and  since  then  has 
conducted  a  general 
brick  contracting 
business  in  a  manner 
that  has  made  him 
wealthy. 

With  the  contract- 
ing business  he  soon 
combined  various 
deals  in  real  estate 
and  the  construction 
of  buildings  on  his 
own  account,  and  as 
a  result  he  is  now 
the  owner  of  many 
\aluable  ])uildings 
in  \-arious  parts  of 
the  city.  He  has 
built  many  of  the 
residences  in  X'ande- 
venter  place  and 
along    Leffingwell 

and  Bell  avenues,  and  built  the  West  Ivnd  Hotel, 
which  has  proved  such  a  great  con\euience  in 
manv  wa\s. 

Mr.  .Sauevbrunn  is  also  hea\ily  interested  in 
the  .Sanerbrunn  Wagon  and  Carriage  Company, 
and  is  the  jiresideut  of  that  corporation.  In  compelled  to  help  earn  a  supptm  for  himself  and 
fraternal  circles  lie  is  an  influential  member  of  mother's  family  instead  of  going  to  school  in  his 
the  Knights  of  Pythias,  and  is  also  a  member  ol  youth,  .\fter  the  war  he  determined  to  repair 
the()rderof   .Kgis.  to  some  e.\leut   this  neglect  of  early  education, 

.Mr.  Sanerbrunn  was  married  to  Miss  Kmnua  and  accordingly  went  to  Hamilton,  Ohio,  where 
Lohide,  daughter  of  Chas.  Lohide,  of  St.  Louis,  a  brother  lived,  and  atteuile.l  school  for  .some 
in  lf<«l.      Thev  have  five  children.  time.      In  JSCii  he  returned  to  Missouri,  locating 


GEORQE  5AUERBRUNN. 


World,  finding  a 
resting  place  at  Leb- 
anon, Ohio.  There 
the  father,  J  o  h  n 
Dalton,  died,  and 
the  widow,  whose 
maiden  name  was 
Maria  .Armstrong, 
afterward  moved  to 
vSt.  Louis,  Missouri. 
When  the  war  broke 
out,  young  Dick, 
though  but  a  boy  of 
sixteen  years,  was 
among  the  first  to 
offer  his  services  to 
h  i  s  country.  He 
enlisted  in  the  Third 
Misso\iri  Cavalry, 
and  for  four  \-ears 
did  hard  and  gallant 
service  throughout 
Missouri,  .\rkansas 
and  Louisiana,  and 

was  di.scharged  after  the  cessation  of  hostilities, 

in   .\ugnst,    \X^<'k      He  served  under  Col.  John 

M.  (ilover  and  Oeneral  Steele. 

( )\ving  to   the   death   of   his    father    and    the 

straitened  circumstances  of  his  family,  he  was 


458 


OLD  ./A7>  Ni:\V  ST.  I. OTIS. 


ill  Ralls  CDUiUw  IK-  sdu.^lil  wmk  ami  loiiiul  it 
as  a  farm  hand,  hut  he  was  imt  by  aii\-  iiu-aiis 
satisfied  to  rc-iiiaiii  in  such  a  position,  and  was 
soon  at  work  trying  to  l)ctter  his  condition.  IIo 
was  ambitious  to  become  a  ]aw\er,  and  began 
stnd\-  by  borrowini;  books  of  friendK'  attornexs 
and  porini(  over  tliem  between  tlie  hours  of 
regular  labor.  It  is  shown  that  he  was  a  most 
industrious  student  by  the  fact  that  in  lSi;,s  Ik- 
passed  his  examination  and  was  admitted  tuilie 
bar  at  the  county  seat,  New  London.  He 
enjoyed  a  good  jiractice  from  the  start,  and  was 
so  prosperous  that  in  l.sTti  he  was  enalikd  to 
liny  a  farm  in  Ralls  county  and  retire  thereto, 
as  he  felt  himself  drawn  in  an  irresistible  wav 
to  the  soil. 

He  still  conlinued  the  practice  of  law,  how- 
ever, and  as  he  had  alwa\s  taken  a  deep  inter- 
est in  politics,  his  influence  in  that  field  is  now 
beginning  to  be  felt.  This  resulted  in  his 
election  to  the  Thirty-sixth  (ieneral  Assembly, 
and  as  chairman  of  the  ways  and  means  com- 
mittee he  made  a  record  that  stamped  him  as  a 
man  of  ])olitical  aljilit\-  and  understanding. 
From  1>S'S>S  to  l!S!H)  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Democratic  State  Central  Committee,  and  b\-  liis 
work  as  such  proved  himself  a  thorough  poli- 
tician. Such  had  become  his  prominence  in 
State  affairs  that  at  the  solicitation  of  thousands 
of  friends  he  decided  to  become  a  candidate  for 
governor.  He  made  a  most  brilliant  camj^aign, 
and  led  his  competitors  from  the  beginning. 
He  went  into  the  convention  at  Jefferson  Cit^■ 
with  a  plurality  of  the  votes,  and  held  them 
through  several  ballots.  His  friends  stuck  to 
him  loyally,  but  through  the  defection  of  the 
other  delegates  to  Stone,  the  latter  was  given 
the  nomination.  Nothing  showed  the  magna- 
nimity and  broad  liberality  of  Mr.  Dalton  so 
nuich  as  the  hearty  support  he  gave  to  his  erst- 
while opponent.  He  made  a  thorough  canvass 
of  the  State  and  the  big  Democratic  majority 
given  to  Stone  nnist  be  largely  credited  to  Dal- 
ton. His  party  loyalty  and  fidelity  had  attracted 
the  attention  of  President  Cleveland,  and  Mav 
2H,  1898,  he  was  named  as  surveyor  of  the  port 
and  collector  of  customs  at  St.  Louis,  and   has 


held  the  oflice  since  his  confiruuUion  b\  the 
Senate.  l""rom  what  he  has  alreaih'  done  it  is 
predicted  that  a  bright  political  future  awaits 
him. 

-Mr.  Dallon  is  a  .Mason,  Royal  Arch  Chapter, 
and  Knight  Tem])lar,  is  a  nu-niliernf  the  Li'gion 
of  Honor,  ol  tile  Rii\al  .\rcaninn  and  Knight  of 
Maccabees. 

December  I'l,  ISiiH,  Ik-  was  married  to  .Marv 
Rebecca  Biggs,  of  Ralls  couni\ ,  whci  ga\e  him 
two  boys  and  died  in  188(1.  hi  is.si'  he  was 
married  to  his  present  wife,  who  was  Mrs.  Lucy 
W.  Card,  nl   Ralls  count\'. 

Ra.msi-;v,  CiiAi-ii.KS  K.,  is  the  .son  of  John  and 
Mary  1'.  (  Kirkpatrick)  Ramsey.  He  was  born 
at  Monticelhi  (  now  (lodfrex'  ),  .Madison  counlv  , 
Illinois,  March  'li,  l.S4.'i;  came  to  St.  Louis 
with  his  ])arents  in  184!l;  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  and  L\uian  Institute  of  this 
city,  and  after  taking  a  special  course  at  Wash- 
ington Uni\-ersity  went  to  Europe  in  IfSiiit,  and 
studied   architecture  in  Paris. 

Returning  from  Paris  in  the  fall  of  l>i7<l,  .Mr. 
Ramsey  opened  an  office  and  went  into  business 
on  his  own  account.  Afterwards  he  was  in  part- 
nership with  .Mr.  P.  W'm.  Raeder  (  Raeder  & 
Ramsey),  and  then  with  W.  .\lbert  Swasey 
(  Ramsey  &    Swasey),   and   subsecpiently  alone. 

Many  of  the  handsomest  and  most  costh"  res- 
idences, and  a  number  of  the  largest  buildings 
used  for  manufacturing  and  business  purposes 
in  this  city  were  planned  and  erected  by  Mr. 
Ramsey,  and  are  standing  and  enduring  testi- 
monials of  his  superior  architectural  skill  ami 
ability.  Notably  among  these  may  be  men- 
tioned the  splendid  ])rivate  residences  of  (tov- 
ernor  1).  R.  b'rancis,  John  I).  Perry,  and  bid- 
ward  Mallinckrodt,  at  \'andeventer  jjlace;  George 
Wainwright,  on  Delmar  avenue,  and  Mrs.  Ames, 
on  Lindell  avenue;  the  Houser  Building,  the  Cat- 
lin  Tobacco  P'actory,  the  warehouse  of  John  .V. 
.Scudder,  and  the  magnificent  new  office  palace, 
the  Wainwright  Building,  at  the  northwest  corner 
of  Seventh  and  Chestnut  streets  ;  and  also  the 
Union  Trust  Building,  in  which  Messrs.  Adler^ 
Sullivan,  of  Chicago,  were  associated  with  him. 


niocR.  \riiicAL  A/y/:x/>/x. 


.«.-)- 1 


Mr.  Ram.se>-  is  also  superintendent  of  con- 
struction of  lniildin<js  for  tlie  l^nitt-d  States 
government  in  this  cit\'. 

Tlu-  name  of  Mr.  Ramsey  is  to  be  found  on  the 
rolls  of  the  Masonic  order,  the  Knights  Tem- 
plars, the  Legion  of  Honor,  and  the  Knights  of 
Honor,  in  all  of  which  societies  he  is  active. 

HKi-i.MrTH,  Philip  Frank,  is  one  of  the  most 
popular  and  competent  dental  surgeons  in  vSt. 
Louis.  This  talented  young  dentist  is  not  yet 
forty  >-ears  of  age, 
having  been  born  in 
this  city  in  the  year 
1  'S.')  1 ,  two  years  after 
his  parents,  who 
were  natives  of  (ier- 
nunu  ,  had  Im-ati-d  in 
.St.  I.iiuis.  His  fa- 
ther, Mr.  .Matthias 
Hell  ui  nth  ,  was  a 
ju'omini'ut  ci\il  engi- 
neer in  the  emjiloy  of 
the  Crcrman  govern- 
ment, and  his  moth- 
er,Mrs.  Kegina  ( Mor- 
genstern  )  Hellmuth, 
was  tin-  daughter  of 
a  prduiinent  ( lernian 
citizen. 

In  ls."i7  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Helluiulh 
mo\e(l  to  Lebanon, 
Illinois,  and  it  was 
in    I  h  e    c  o  ni  m  o  n 

schools  ol  that  i'it\- that  I'liilip  vccci\c(Hiis  lirst 
educational  training.  .\fli'r  ac(|uiring  a  good 
jueliminary  education  he  eiUered  the  seminary 
at  St.  James,  Missouri,  where  he  remained  until 
he  was  seveutet'U  \  ears  of  age,  when  he  becauu' 
a.ssociated  with  Dr.  Louis  ('..  I  toward,  at  Lei)- 
anon,  Missouri,  wlure  they  opened  a  dental 
ofTici-. 

He  ninainiil  for  two  \ears  with  Dr.  Howard, 
and  in  1.S7;;  nio\ed  to  Highland,  Illinois,  where 
he  o])eued   an  office  on  his  own  account. 

During  these  years  of  early  work    Dr.  Hell- 


^^^^Hl^^^^^^^ 

^'jl^lH^ 

7 

»s 

'■ 

nmth  found  time  to  carry  on  a  systematic  cour.se 
of  study  at  the  Missouri  Dental  College,  and  in 
I'STfS  he  look  the  degree  of  L.D.S.,  passing  liis 
examination  in  a  highly  creditable  manner. 
Still  persevering  in  his  studies,  he  in  the  \ear 
l!S7i)  took  the  degree  of  D.D.S.,  and  in  l«iM) 
gradiuited  as  a  physician  in  the  St.  Lonis  Med- 
ical College,  taking  the  degree  of  .M.D.  with 
honors. 

Since  the  year  isi'O  Dr.  Helhutith  has  been 
practicing  both  in   St.  Louis  and   at   Highland, 

Illinois,  in  both  of 
wdiich  cities  he  is 
exceedingly  popular 
and  much  respected. 
He  is  a  prominent 
member  of  the  St. 
Louis  Dental  Soci- 
et\-  and  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  Soeiitv,  of 
the  .\.  ().  V.  \V. 
and  of  the  Knights 
of  Honor,  and  is  one 
of  the  most  popular 
members  of  his  pro- 
fession in  the  cit\-. 
He  is  also,  at  this 
date,  lecturer  in  the 
Woman's  Medical 
College  on  dental 
pathology  and  oral 
surgery. 

The   Doctor  mar- 
ried in  the  >ear  ISTii 
Miss  .\dele    Haiuly, 
and  has  two  children,  Ivdgar    and    Philip,   both 
healthv,  active  and  intelligent  l>oys. 

(^"H.\u.\,  IIi;N'kV — The  subject  of  this  brief 
sketch  was  born  June  1,  IMI.  lie  left  his 
])arents  at  the  age  of  eleven  years  and  located 
at  New  I'tricht,  on  Long  Island,  \ew  York,  and 
in  this  little  town  he  attended  school  until  he 
was  sixteen   years  of  age. 

\\'hen  he  readied  that  age,  it  was  just  that 
])eriod  of  change  and  unrest  which  preceded 
tli.it   mighty    nplieavai   known  in  history  as  the 


p.   I".   HHI.l.MLTH,    .M.I). 


ItiO 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   [.GUIS. 


civil  war.  TIk-  1)ii\'  was  infictrd  l)y  tliis  ifsl- 
lessness,  aiul  hiddin.L;  adit-u  to  tlie  friends  witli 
whom  lie  had  lived  so  long,  he  set  ont  into  the 
world  to  win  his  own  fortune.  His  first  jour- 
ney was  a  long  one,  and  ended  at  New  Orleans, 
where  he  began  his  search  lor  work.  I!a\ing 
inherited  a  strong  physicjue,  he  was  stronger 
than  the  average  man,  and  was,  therefore,  able 
to  secure  and  hold  a  job  as  fireman  on  the  New 
Orleans,  Jack.son  t^  (rreat  Northern  Railroad. 
He  performed  the  arduous  duties  of  this  task  so 
well  and  faithfulh'  that  he  drew  upon  himself 
the  recognition  of  his  superiors,  and  within  a 
very  short  time  was  given  charge  of  a  construc- 
tion train. 

.  However,  he  ran  this  train  but  a  very 
short  time,  as  the  war  was  then  fairly  inaugu- 
rated and  he  could  not  resist  the  ini])ulsive 
jjromptiugs  of  his  ])atriotism.  Therefore,  leav- 
ing his  train  he  enlisted  in  his  countr\-'s  defense, 
joining  the  artillery  branch  of  the  service,  under 
General  Dahlgren.  Later  he  was  changed  to 
the  command  of  General  Gardner.  His  alert- 
ness and  courage  soon  won  him  promotion, 
and  he  was  made  guide  of  artillery.  In  a  short 
time  he  was  still  further  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  lieutenant.  At  the  fiercely  contested  battle 
of  Decatur  he  was  wounded  almost  to  death, 
one  of  his  legs  being  shot  away.  But  this  calam- 
ity did  not  dispirit  him  in  the  least,  seeming 
rather  to  increase  his  enthusiasm  and  add  to 
his  courage,  for  after  leaving  the  hospital  he 
secured  an  artificial  leg,  returned  to  his  com- 
pany and  served  gallantly  until  peace  was  de- 
clared. When  the  surrender  took  place  he  was 
at  Demopolis,  Alabama,  and  was  there  honor- 
ably discharged. 

Casting  about  for  a  livelihood  after  peace  was 
declared,  he  began  by  going  into  the  lumber 
business,  a  good  opening  having  offered  at  Brook 
Haven,  Mississippi.  This  venture  proved  very 
successful  and  he  remained  at  Brook  Haven  until 
1.S74.  In  this  year  he  visited  St.  Louis  on 
business  connected  with  lumber,  and  was  so 
favorably  impressed  with  the  city  that  it  resulted 
in  his  removal  and  permanent  location  here. 
Two  years  later,   or  in  l.S7fj,   he  accepted  a  re- 


sponsible position  in  I'oiineclinn  with  ihe  car 
ser\'ice  of  the  Cairo  .Short  Line,  where  lu'  con- 
tinued until  ISiH,  and  then  resigned  llu'  place 
to  acce])t  the  presidency  of  the  St.  Louis,  Chi- 
cago iS:  St.  Paul,  commonly  called  the  "Bluff 
Line."  A  WAX  ])re\ious  lo  this  change,  or  in 
l!^!M),  he  was  elected  president  of  that  \ast  inter- 
est known  as  the  Union  Refrigerating  Company, 
with  its  capital  of  $2,(K»i),iinii.  He  is  also  pres- 
ident and  largest  stockholder  of  the  Landsburg 
Brake  Comjiauy.  .^11  these  res])ousibilities  he 
has  administered  with  signal  abilitx',  showing 
conclusiveh'  that  he  is  a  man  with  talent  to 
successfully  engineer  great  enterijrises,  and  a 
man  to  whom  others  naturally  look  as  a  leader. 
Besides  the  above  named  undertakings,  he  is 
largelv  interested  in  the  Hick's  Stock  Car  Com- 
])an\-  and  a  numlier  of  large  car  building  com- 
panies. 

He  belongs  to  two  fraternal  societies,  the  Le- 
gion of  Honor  and  the  Knights  of  Honor.  His 
marriage  took  place  in  1.SS2,  to  Miss  Kliza  P. 
Howland,  of  vSondovel.  The\-  have  had  six 
children,  the  names  of  the  five  living  ones  being: 
Buelah,  (lertrude,  Henrv,  Jr.,  Benjamin  Harri- 
son, and  Onedia. 

Mr.  O'Hara  is  yet  in  the  jjrimc  of  life,  yet 
few  men  attain  such  a  success  as  his  in  an  en- 
tire life-time.  His  success,  too,  is  all  due  to  his 
own  efforts  and  has  been  fairly  and  honestly 
earned.  He  is  of  that  class  to  whom,  in  a  coun- 
tr}'  where  merit  alone  is  used  as  a  standard  of 
measure,  Americans  accord  a  special  honor  — 
the  self-made  man.  Most  men  encounter  obsta- 
cles in  their  careers  which  they  are  never  able 
to  surmount ;  he  has  laughed  at  every  adverse 
circumstance  that  would  inc\-itably  have  dis- 
couraged men  of  less  strength  of  character, 
while  adversit)'  has  come  but  to  increase  his 
courage.  He  is  a  genial,  optimistic,  a  good 
companion  and  an  unfailing  friend.  He  is  a 
man  of  great  will-jjower,  is  endowed  with  fine 
mental  faculties,  and  while  he  seems  especially 
adapted  to  the  railroad  business,  he  has  those 
elements  of  snperiorit\-  williin  him  which  wouhl 
make  his  success  certain  in  any  calling  of  life 
he  miofht  have  chosen. 


^^ 


^»«.-<-«--^    ( 


niOGRAPHfCAL  APPENDIX. 


461 


Hartley,  William  H. — The  subject  of  this  Gottschauk,  Frederick,  was  born  in  Wez- 

sketch  is  the  junior  uicuiber  of  the  Isrick  con-  lar,   Rhenish  Prussia,    Auj^ust  3,    1H2H.     Both 

tractino;  firm  of  Ward   lS:   Hartley.      Like   ^Ir.  his   father  and   niotlier,   Charles  and  Margaret 

Ward,  he   has  a   thi)r(iu,y;h  and  jiractical   under-  (  Luther)  Gottschalk,  li\-ed  to  a  mature  old  age, 

standing   of    the  business  which    he  conducts,  the  former  dying  in  iJ^U'i  and  the  latter  in  l>^f)7. 

having  came  to  such  knowledge  of  its  details  Young  Frederick  was  educated  in  the  excellent 

by  making  it  a  regular  occupation  and  making  schools  of  his  native  land,  and  for  four  years, 

the    start    at    the    begiuniug.       After    all,  such  or    until    he    decided    to  emigrate  to  America, 

thorough  knowledge  is  almost  absolutely  neces-  made  his  living  by   teaching  school  in  France, 

sary  to  success  in   any  line  of  business  whatso-  When  he  reached  America  in  ix.'jO  lie  settled  in 

ever.     He  is  a  nati\e  of  St.  Louis,  wherein  he  Cincinnati,    but  within   three   months   went   to 


was  born  in  isi;:^. 
He  spent  his  \outh 
at  home  and  at  the 
])ublic  schools,  or 
until  he  had  attained 
the  strength  to  gcj 
to  work. 

His  father  was  a 
bricklayer,  being 
ccnisidered  a  leader 
in  his  trade,  and  was 
for  many  years  fore- 
man for  Anthony 
Inner;  and  \-oung 
William  determined 
to  follow  the  trade 
of  his  father.  He 
progressed  so  rapid  1  y 
in  his  chosen  field 
thai  he  was  soon 
rated  as  the  fastest 
la\er  of  "stoc-k" 
t)rick  in  .St.  Louis, 
b'or    several     \'ears 


^- 

.-. 

r 

f 

n  \kili;y. 


Frankfort,     Ken- 
tuck\-. 

In  the  latter  city 
he  met  Miss  Susan 
Holeman,  to  whom 
he  was  married  in 
l.s.'.l.  In  IS.-i4  he 
moved  to  Louisville, 
Keutuck\-,  and  hav- 
ing before  this  de- 
termined to  adopt 
the  law  as  a  profes- 
sion, he  entered  tlie 
law  school  of  the 
Louisville  I'ni- 
versity,  and  gradu- 
ated in  IS.').').  In 
1<S5S  he  again. sought 
a  new  field,  hanging 
out  his  shingle  at 
Dubuque,  To w a  , 
which  city  later 
elected  him  city  at- 
torue\-.      .\t  the  first 


.Mr.  Hartley  had   personal   charge   of  im]iortaul      call    of   troops  to  put   down    the   rebellion,  Mr. 
details  of  the   work    of    Mr.  Ward,   his  ijreseiu      (rottschalk  enli.sted  in  the  First  Iowa  Infantry, 


partner.  Six  \ears  ago  he  was  advanced  from 
the  post  of  euiplo\e  to  jiartner,  and  since  then 
has  gi\eu  his  entire  attention  lo  the  brick  con- 
tracting business. 

The  firm  is  recognized  as  standing  at  the  toji 
of  its  business,  aiul  recenth'  secured  the  brick 


and  went  to  the  field  as  captain  of  Company  H. 
In  the  same  year  he  was  wounded  in  the  battle 
of  Wilson's  Creek  and  compelled  to  return  to 
his  home  at  I)nbu(|ne,  where,  after  his  wound 
had  healed,  he  was  appointed  lieutenant-colonel 
of  the  Twelfth  Iowa  Infantry;  declining  to  for- 


. contract  for  Ix.th  the  new  Cit\  Hall  and  the  swear  his  Democratic  juinciples,  the  governor 
new  I'uion  Station.  In  IS'.tO  Mr.  Hartley  was  refused  to  deliver  his  connnissiou,  and  he  again 
married    to   Miss   Marie  Hrnuer,  who,   however,      took  up  the  practice  of  law. 


died  within  two  vears  after  her  wedding  dav. 


In  INTO  the  Captain  came  to  St.  Louis,  where 


-162 


Ol.n  AND  NFAV  ST.   LOUIS. 


liis  hrothtT,  Ju(li:;f  Louis  (roltscluilk,  was  made 
circuit  judj^c.  Caplaiu  Gottschalk  then  took 
iulo  ])artner.shii)  his  son,  Kdward  L.,  who  is  a 
_ijra(hiate  of  the  St.  Louis  Law  School,  and 
together  they  liave  built  up  a  remunerative 
business.  In  his  practice  CajHaiu  (iottschalk  is 
a  paiustakinij  and  reliable  attorne\-,  and  is  a 
citizen  who  has  always  taken  a  deep  interest  in 
public  affairs. 

To  his  first  wife,  who  died  in  l!S7(l,  four  sons 
were  born — lulward    L.  is  his   father's  partner, 
Alfred  is  in  the  mer- 
cantile    l)usiucss, 
I'Vederick  is  a  printer 
and  William  is  dead. 

In  1872  Captain 
(lOttschalk  married 
aj^jain,  his  bride  bc- 
injr  Ottilie  Sewald, 
widow  of  A.  Reip- 
schlao^er.  They  have 
two  children. 

I^ANc;}-;,  Wii.i.iAM 
I!.,  a  prominent 
vSniuh  St.  Louis  man, 
wlio  was  cut  off  just 
at  the  outset  of  his 
usefulness,  in  Janu- 
ary, 1S94,  before  he 
had  completed  his 
twenty-sixth  year, 
did  a  great  deal  to 
b  ring  .S  o  u  t  h  S  t. 
Louis     interests     to 

the  front  during  his  l)rief  but  enterprising  career 
as  a  real  estate  operator.  He  was  the  sou  of 
William  C.  and  iLatilda  (  Folleuius  )  Lange,  and 
was  born  in  St.  J^ouis,  February  'l~i ,  18<)8.  He 
received  his  elementary  education  in  the  public 
schools  and  then  entered  the  celebrated  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan,  from  which  he  graduated 
in  the  class  of  !««!!. 

On  his  return  to  St.  Louis  he  was  elected  to 
the  .secretaryshij)  of  the  Real  Estate  Exchange, 
and  this  was  the  beginning  of  his  real  estate 
career.      He  held  the  position  only  a  short  time, 


WILLIAM  B.  LANQE. 


howe\X'r,  as  he  was  offered  a  situatii)u  as  the 
.salesman  for  the  real  estate  firm  of  Terry  &  Scott, 
but  he  was  soon  convinced  that  only  by  entering 
l)usiness  on  his  own  account  could  he  attain  the 
success  to  which  he  aspired,  and  in  September, 
IM'n,  he  accortlinglv  opened  a  real  estate  office 
in  Caroudelet,  making  insurance  also  a  feature 
of  his  business. 

Shortly  before  his  death,  the  business  was  in- 
corporated under  the  title  of  Caroudelet  Real 
Estate  Company,  with    Mr.  Laugc  as  president. 

He  was  a  Noung  man 
of  remarkal)le  busi- 
ness actixity,  and 
besides  holding  a 
membership  in  the 
Mercantile  Club, was 
also  a  member  of  the 
M  e  r  c  h  a  u  t  s'  E  x- 
change,and  was  a  di- 
rector of  the  South- 
ern Commercial  and 
Savings  Hank.  He 
was  also  honored  bv 
ai)]>ointmenl  to  a 
membership  on  the 
Mullanphv  Board  in 
1  '"^'.i  1 ,  in  which  vear 
he  was  also  a  candi- 
date for  the  School 
Board. 

Mr.     Lange    was 
married    in   Decem- 
ber,   1H89,    to    Miss 
Florence  G.,  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  A.  W.  Alexander,  of  this   city.      His 
death  occurred  very  suddeul)-  in  January,   1S94. 

fiUENNV,  J(iHN,  son  of  .Samuel  and  Anna 
(Hilt)  Cilenn\-,  was  born  in  Lebanon,  Ohio, 
March  l>,  1^27.  .Mr.  .Samuel  (ylenny  was  of 
Irish  descent,  and  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in 
the  vear  1804.  Mrs.  (ilemn-  was  born  in  New 
Jerse\-  in  the  year  ISOl  of  English  parents.  She 
is  still  li\ing  and  is  held  in  \ery  high  regard  by 
an  immense  number  of  relatives  and  friends. 

;\Ir.  John  frlenny's  early  da\s  were  spent   in 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPEND/X. 


4fi3 


tlic  vStaU'  of  Oliin,  and  lu-  was  educated  at  the  establisliments  in  the  city.  In  the  year  \W\  it 
public  sclujols  of  Jvchauon,  soi"&  throu<i;h  an  was  deemed  advisable  to  still  further  increase  the 
entire  course  and  graduatiui^  at  the  ajje  of  fif-  capacity  of  the  firm,  and  it  was  accordingly  in- 
teeu.  ICveu  at  that  \ery  early  age  he  develoi)ed  corporaled  as  the  (ilenuy  Brothers  Glass  Corn- 
strong  mercantile  instincts,  and  had  ])een  in  busi-  pauy,  with  a  capital  slock  of  ?.")(l,(IO().  Mr.  John 
ness  on  his  own  account  for  four  years  when  he  (ilcuny  was  elected  president,  Mr.  S.  H.  r.jcnnv, 
attained  his  majority.  His  fir.st  commercial  vent-  vice-president,  and  Mr.  William  .\.  Rutter, 
urcwasin  thcslaughteringaudporkpackiugbusi-  .secretary.  At  the  same  lime  the  tirm  moved  to 
ness,  in  which  he  continued  at  Lebanon  until  he  larger  and  more  convenient  juemisesat  Xos.  217 
was  twentv-two  years  of  age,  when  he  came  to  and  21!i  South  Si.xtli  street,  where  the  compan\- 
vSt.  Louis,  feeling  that  he  had  acquired  sufficient  now  carries  on  an  exceedingly  large  and  profit- 


able business  in  glass 
of  e\ery  description, 
the  firm  making  a 
speciallN'  of  window 
glass. 

During  his  life- 
lime  .Mr.(  ileunx  was 
regarded  in  the  gla.ss 
trade  as  one  of  the 
ablest  and  best  in- 
formed men  in  the 
business,  and  he  was 
highly  respected  l)y 
a  large  circle  of 
friends.  In  addition 
to  his  success  in  busi- 
ness, Mr.("Fleun\  has 
done  \  eoman  service 
in  St.  Louis  in  be- 
half of  a  number  of 
organi/.ationsand  so- 
cieties with  which  he 
was  connected  al- 
most from  boyhood. 
He  was  a  very  enthusiastic  Ma.son,  and  was  a 
member  of  the  George  Washington  Lodge,  Xo. 
!i,  .\.  F.  and  .\.  M.,  from  its  organization  until 
his  death,  b'or  forl\  -four  years  he  was  an  active 
memi)er  also  of  the  Ancient  Order  of  I'nited 
Workmen,  and  was  treasurer  of  the  .\.  F.  and 
ness,  establishing  the  Firm  of  Gleuny  Brothers,  .V.M.Lodge  for  over  twenty-five  years.  He  was 
at  1  ii'  Xorth  .Sixth  street.  The  brothers  intro-  also  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  R.  .V.  Chapter, 
duced  into  the  city  new  nuthods  in  the  glass  Xo.  S,  and  of  the  Hiram  Council,  Xo.  1.  dt  R. 
trade,  and  by  handling  an  immense  slock,  and  and  S.  Masters,  as  well  as  of  the  Si.  Louis  Con>- 
selling  at  exceedingly  reasonable  prices,  they  mandery,  Xo.  1.  l-'or  over  thirty  years  he  was 
managed    to   build   up  one  of  the    largest  glass      treasurer  of  the  commandery,  and   his  attention 


knowledge  of  the 
business  to  conduct 
it  in  a  metropolitan 
cit\-  with  large  dis- 
tributing facilities. 

In  the  year  1S')0 
he  established  the 
firm  of  Moone)', 
( ilenn\-  (S:  Company, 
in  the  north  cud  of 
this  cit\-,  the  firm 
doing  a  very  large 
business  in  pork  and 
continuing  without 
a  change  in  llu-  firm 
until  IS.'i.").  In  the 
latter  \  ea  \  ,  .M  r. 
Glennv  disposed  of 
his  interrst  in  the 
linn,  aiul  purchased 
the  grocery  estab- 
lish ni  rn  t  at  the 
corner  of  .Seventh 
and  ( )Ii\e,  changing 

the  l)nsiness  title  of  the  house  to  Merry  .S: 
(ilenny.  This  firm  continued  business  for  fif- 
teen \ears  with  great  success,  ranking  among 
the  leading  grocery  firms  of  thecit\-  all  through 
tlu-   war. 

In  isyo  he  devoted  himself  to  the  ijlass  busi- 


JOHN    QLENNV. 


4G4 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


to  the  business  of  the  order  was  jtroduclive  of 
iinniciisc  good  to  all  conneclid  with  it.  Mr. 
(ileiiny  was  a  great  believer  in  members  of  so- 
cieties attending  lodge  meetings,  and  lie  had  a 
record  in  one  of  his  societies  of  not  having 
missed  a  meeting  for  upwards  of  Iwcntx  years. 
Among  other  organizations  designed  for  the 
benefit  of  non-capitalists,  he  was  a  member  of 
the  Garrison  Mutnal  Building  and  Loan  Associa- 
tion, and  as  president  of  that  institution,  suc- 
ceeded in  elevating  it  to  a  very  high  rank  among 
building  associations  generallv,  the  association 
being  regarded  as  one  of  the  soundest  in  the 
West. 

He  married  in  the  year  is.'n'  Miss  MarettaW. 
Hall,  daughter  of  Mr.  John  H.  Hall,  one  of  the 
])ii)necrs  of  St.  Louis,  he  having  resided  in  the 
city  since  the  year  1.S40.  Mrs.  Glenn\-  died  in 
the  year  liSlili,  leaving  seven  children — fi\e  boys 
and  two  girls.  In  18(JH  Mr.  (xlenny  married 
Mrs.  Henrietta  Friedenbnrgh,  of  St.  Louis,  and 
by  his  second  marriage  .Mr.  Glenny  has  one 
daughter,  Clara  Jessie  G.  Mr.  (ilcnny's  death 
occurred  April  14,  1S!I4,  after  lia\-ing  lived  a  life 
of  singular  fidelity  to  himself  and  exceptional 
usefulness  to  his  fellow-man. 

PiRiK,  Andrew  Hudson,  .son  of  James  A. 
and  Eliza  H.  ( Hudson )  Pirie,  was  born  at 
Hartford,  Connecticut,  July  ;'.(l,  l>i.')i;.  His 
parents  moved  to  Milwaukee  wlieu  he  was  quite 
young,  Mr.  Pirie  being  engaged  in  the  banking 
and  insurance  business.  Hudson  received  an 
education  in  a  high-grade  private  school  in  Mil- 
waukee, and  made  his  start  in  life  as  a  clerk  in 
a  grain  and  commission  house.  His  next  work 
was  as  traveling  salesman,  at  w'liich  he  achieved 
great  success.  In  1X84  he  came  to  St.  Louis, 
and  was  appointed  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
Garrison-Chappell-Pirie  Paper  Company.  This 
corporation  is  now^  known  as  the  .St.  Louis 
Paper  Company,  of  which  Mr.  Pirie  is  still  sec- 
retary and  treasurer. 

Mr.  Pirie  is  a  Republican  in  politics,  and  an 
active  member  of  the  St.  Mark's  Episcopalian 
Cliurch.  He  is  a  .sound  business  man  and  has 
worked  hard  in  the  interests  of  the  firm  of  which 


he  is  a  member,  and  \sliieh  is  now  known 
throughiiut  the  West  and  Snulluvest  as  one  of 
the  most  substantial  paper  houses  in  existence. 

]\Ir.  Pirie  married  in  1HH4  Miss  Lillie  (iarri- 
.son,  daughter  of  Mr.  Oliver  Garri.son. 

McCoRMicK,  D.\viD,  was  born  on  A]iril  1, 
l'H()4,  at  Winchester,  Virginia.  His  ancestry, 
both  on  the  paternal  and  maternal  side,  is  note- 
worthy as  one  pre-eminently  distinguished.  His 
father.  Dr.  William  A.  McCormick,  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  yet  in  his  youth  he  made  Win- 
chester, \'irginia,  his  home.  He  was  a  graduate 
of  Yale,  receiving  the  degree  of  M.I).,  and  also 
of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Dentistry.  Among 
his  cfassmates  and  companions  was  Governor 
Curtin,  known  as  "  Penns\"l\ania's  War  Go\- 
ernor."  His  health  failing,  lu- a(lo])ted  the  i)ro- 
fession  of  deutistrv,  to  which  he  devoted  the 
greater  part  of  his  active  life.  At  the  time  of 
his  death,  March  22,  l<Sft3,  he  was  secretarj- and 
treasurer  of  the  Winchester  and  Potomac  Rail- 
road Company,  which  position  he  had  held  for 
some  years  prior. 

David  McCormick's  mother,  Charlotte  Fou- 
shee-Parker,  was  a  native  of  \'irginia.  She  was 
a  direct  descendant  of  the  celebrated  family  of 
Parkers  known  as  the  Navy  Parkers  of  England, 
and  Earl  of  Mclnsfield.  Again,  David  McCor- 
mick is  a  great-grandson,  on  his  maternal  side, 
of  Dr.  William  Foushee,  of  Richninnd,\'irginia, 
who,  in  his  day,  was  widely  known  and  ranked 
pre-eminent  in  the  editorial  field. 

David  McCormick  received  his  primary  educa- 
tion at  the  public  schools  of  Winchester,  \'ir- 
ginia.  While  engaged  in  the  study  of  civil 
engineering,  preparatory  to  entering  the  navy, 
he  went  to  old  Mexico,  where  he  worked  upon 
the  Mexican  National  Railway,  and  while  still 
a  vonth  he  was  entrusted  with  the  management 
of  five  thousand  Mexicans  and  Indians  employed 
u]Hin  this  work. 

Ui^on  returning  from  his  visit  to  Winchester, 
young  McCormick  located  in  the  tiinl)er  regions 
of  Niido,  which  supplied  the  building,  bridge 
and  tie  timbers  for  the  southern  end  of  the 
Mexican    Central.      Later    he    was   engaged    as 


nioGRArrncAr.  .ippf.a'plx. 


4fio 


engineer  on  the  Guadalajara,  which  is  the  Pa-  Hiawatha,  Kansas.    Upon  the  completion  of  this 

cific  division  of  the  railroad;  wherenpon  he  was  contract  he   entered  a  field   somewhat   new,  yet 

appointed  eno;ineer  and   sn])erintendent   for  the  entirely  in    keeping  with   his  previous  occupa- 

contracting  firm  of  Wieser  lS:  iMiesch,  building  tion.      After  having  been  in  the  employ  of  the 

the  heavy  part  of  the  main  line  of  the  Mexican  paving  contracting  firm  of  A.  J.  McBean  &  Com- 

Central    over   the    Zacatecas    Mountain,  which  i)any,  of  Chicago,  the  well-known  firm  of  J.  R. 

connected  the  northern  and  southern  branches  Smith  &  Company  of  the  same  place  allotted 

of  the  road.  to  him  the  entire  management  of  their  paving 

Young  McCormick  ]Kissed  the  winter  of  1.S.S4  contracts  in  Kansas  and  Missouri,  making  Kan- 

in  the  city  of  Mexico,  and  in  the  spring  of  the  sas    City    his    headquarters.     He    continued  in 

same    year    came    out    of    Mexico    on  the    first  this  position  until  the  spring  of  1891,  when  the 


through  train  ever 
run  from  Mexico  into 
the  United  States. 
Having  first  passed 
a  few  months  of  rec- 
reation in  \'irginia, 
r.  altimore,  Ken- 
tucky, Washington 
and  New  York,  suc- 
cessively, I>rown- 
How  ard  X:  Compau\ 
employed  him  on  the 
building  of  the  New 
York  aqueduct,  on 
which  contract  he 
was  engaged  during 
the  vear  of  l.s,S.">. 
l''oIlii\\ing  lliis  he 
was  svnl  to  Canada, 
there  to  look  into 
some  silver  mining 
on  the  north  shore 
of  Lake  Superior,  in 
what  is  known  as 
llic  I'orl  Arthur  region, 
later,  tile  conlractin<'    lirni 


DAVID  McCOR.TICK. 


Barber  Asphalt  Pav- 
ing Company  placed 
him  in  charge  of  the 
agency  of  their  cor- 
poration at  St.  Louis 

Ch.m'I'ki.i,,  \Vix- 
I'liRDi"  (tIi.m.\n,  son 
of  John  T.  and  .Mary 
E.  (Johnson )  Chap- 
pell,  was  born  in  St. 
Louis  November  4, 
1.S.33.  His  father 
was  a  well-known 
St.  Louisan  and  a 
member  of  the  Chap- 
pell-\'alle  Company 
uulil  the  year  1.S75, 
when  he  died. 

Young  Chaii]iell 
was  educated  atW'y- 
man's  Institute,  and 
at  the  aije  of  seven- 


Iii 


1S.S7,    one   \car 
il    lirown- Howard  X: 
Comjjany,  who  were  then  constructing  the  Du- 


teen  left  school,  and 
was  appointed  shipping  clerk  with  Snider  & 
1  lolmes,  then  one  of  the  leading  paper  houses 
of  the  West.  His  advance  in  the  firm  was 
luth,  vSouth  Shore  &  .Vtlantic  Railway,  called  rapid.  He  was  promoted  to  be  entry  clerk  after 
him  to  the  south  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  there  a  few  months'  service,  then  served  as  city  sales- 
to  act  as  engineer.  The  latter  part  of  the  year  man  and  finally  as  head  .salesman. 
1887  found  him  stationed  at  Kansas  City,  where  In  18.S4  he  left  the  employment  of  Snider  ,S: 

he  joined  his  three  brothers,  and  under  the  firm  Holmes,  and,  associating  himself  with  Mr.  Gar- 
nauK'  of  the  McCormick  Construction  Company  rison  and  Mr.  Pirie,  started  the  Garrison-Chap- 
tliey  built  the  Ivighth  street  tunnel  for  the  ele-  iiell-Pirie  Paper  Company,  of  which  corporation 
vated  railway.  He  next  superintended  the  he  was  appointed  vice-president.  Three  years 
construction  of  the  Hiawatha  water-works  at  later  his  firm  bought  out  the  establishment  of 
30 


466 


OLD  AND  NEW  Sr.  LOUIS. 


vSnider  &  Holmes,  in  wliicli  lie  had  learned  the 
bnsiness,  and  changed  the  name  to  the  St. 
Lonis  Paper  Company,  Mr.  Chappell  continu- 
ing vice-president.  The  company  has  since 
bought  the  paper  department  of  the  St.  Lonis 
Type  Fonndrv,  and  has  now  an  enormous  con- 
nection in  the  ])rinting  and  newspaper  trades 
west  of  the  .Mississippi  Valley,  with  a  large 
number  of  customers  east  of  the  big  river. 

Mr.  Chappell  married,  in  1881,  Miss  Carrie 
Garrison,  daughter  of  .Mr.  Oliver  Garrison. 
He  is  a  member  of 
the  Royal  Arcanum, 
and  also  of  the 
Grand  Avenue  Pres- 
byterian Church. 
Although  not  yet 
forty  years  of  age, 
Mr.  Chappell's  ex- 
perience in  bnsiness 
nuitters  has  been  ex- 
ceptionally large, 
and  he  is  regarded 
with  great  esteem 
b\-  his  numerous  ac- 
quaintances. 

Tkx  Hrohk,Gi;r- 
Ri'i"  H.,  the  subject 
of  this  sketch,  was 
born  in  St.  Louis, 
and  was  educated  in 
the  common  schools 
and  the  St.  Louis 
High    School.     His 

father  was  Henry  and  his  mother  Gepke  (Die- 
kenga)  Ten  Broek.  As  will  be  seen  by  the 
names,  he  is  of  Dutch  origin. 

In  1880  he  established  the  Ten  Broek  Agency, 
subsequently  taking  a  course  at  the  St.  Louis 
Law  School,  and  being  admitted  to  practice  in 
1886.  He  has  devoted  himself  principally  to 
the  mercantile  branch  of  the  law.  Through  the 
business  of  the  Ten  Broek  Agency  he  became 
acquainted,  either  personally  or  by  correspond- 
ence, with  several  thousand  attorneys  scattered 
all  over  this  conutrv  and  abroad.     The  idea  of 


uniting  these  correspondents  into  a  regular  or- 
ganization occurred  to  him  in  lHS(i,  and  resulted 
in  the  formation  of  the  Associated  Law  Offices, 
an  organization  of  attorney's  aiming  to  secure, 
by  co-operation,  interchange  of  information  and 
employment  of  the  same  contracted  correspond- 
ents, the  highest  efficiency  in  their  respective 
collection  departments. 

Mr.  Ten  P>rock  has  had  the  satisfaction  of  see- 
ing this  organization  steadily  grow   in   numbers 
and   influence,  and   its  value  and  efficiency  ac- 
knowledged   by    all 
who    are    identified 
"  with     it.       In     1.S85 

Mr.  Ten  Broek  es- 
tal)lished  T/ie  Afcr- 
cautilc  Adjustvr^  of 
which  he  is  still  the 
editor,  and  still  holds 
the  controllinginter- 
est.  It  is  a  monthlv 
legal  publication,  is- 
sued from  New  York 
cit}',  containing  in- 
formation of  especial 
interest  and  value  to 
credit  men,  collec- 
tion managers  and 
connnercial  lawyers. 
That  there  was  a 
place  for  a  magazine 
of  this  kind  isjiroxx-n 
by  the  rapid  growth 
of  its  circulation, 
nearly  (),(l()0  copies 
being  issued  monthly,  and  circulating  not  only 
in  the  United  States,  but  in  every  country  in 
the  world  which  holds  connnercial  relations 
with  this  country. 

While  residing  in  St.  Louis,  Mr.  Ten  Broek 
has  offices  both  in  this  city  and  New  York  city, 
his  principal  office  being  in  St.  Louis  in  the 
Turner  Building,  and  his  New  York  office  in 
the  Times  Building,  Park  Row. 

Mr.  Ten  Broek  is  a  Republican  in  politics, 
but  is  not  a  partisan  or  a  bigot.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  IHIK}  to  Miss  Frances  Colby,  of  St.  Louis, 


GERRIT  H.   TI:N     IIROHK. 


nroGRAPnicAL  appendix. 


467 


and  tluis  it  can  be  said  of  him  llial  he  is  a  St. 
Louis  man  in  e\-ery  respect,  haxiiig  been  born, 
educated  and  married  in  tlie  city  in  which  he 
has  estal)lislied  such  a  hii^li  reputation  as  a 
lawyer  and  lej^al  publisher. 

Fks.sk,  \Vii.li.\m  Edmund,  is  one  of  the  most 
prominent  members  of  the  St.  Louis  bar.  His 
reputation  for  sterling  integrit\-,  as  well  as  for 
oratory  and  legal  tact,  is  of  the  highest,  and  like 
his  partner,  Mr.  Chas.  Clafliu  .Mien,  he  enjoj-s 
the  confidence  and 
respect  of  the  legal 
fraternity  and  of  the 
mercantile  commu- 
nity generalh'. 

Mr.  Fi.s.se  is  a  .St. 
Louisan  by  birth, 
education  and  pro- 
fessional connec- 
tions. His  father, 
-Mr.  John  IL  Fisse, 
was  for  fort)-  years 
a  \'cry  prominent 
man  in  this  cilw 
He  not  onl\-  was 
very  successful  in 
iiis  own  affairs,  l)nl 
he  showed  great  dis- 
interestedness in  his 
actions  and  dc\(iled 
an  innnense  anmnnt 
of  energy  and  ability 
to  public  matters. 
He  was  constantly 
importuned  to  rc]iresent  the  people  in  various 
capacities,  and  wlicn  he  was  prevailed  upon  to 
accejjt  nominations,  his  record  invariably  justified 
the  confidence,  and  excused  the  importunity  of 
his  constituents. 

Mr.  W.  R.  Fisse  is  not  yet  forty  years  of  age, 
he  ha\ing  been  born  in  .St.  Louis  on  .Vugnst  20, 
X^^'.u .  Naturally  a  very  bright  boy,  lie  made 
e.Kcellent  progress  in  the  pul)lic  schools,  and  then 
took  a  very  full  course  at  Washington  Univer- 
sity, a  seat  of  learning  which  lias  turned  out  so 
manv    of    our   best-known    citizens.       Having 


WILLIAM  LDMLND  FISSe. 


determined  to  make  his  mark  in  the  legal  pro- 
fession, Mr.  Fisse  entered  the  Cambridge  (Mas- 
sachusetts) Law  School  in  1«80.  Here  he 
pursued  his  studies  with  praiseworthy  assiduity, 
and  on  his  return  to  St.  Louis  continued  to  read 
law  and  was  finally  admitted  to  the  bar. 

He  did  not  have  to  wait  long  for  clients,  and 
very  soon  established  himself  as  a  safe  and 
reliable  attorney  who  gave  to  his  clients'  inter- 
ests conscientious  attention  at  every  .step.  He 
is,  as  already  mentioned,  a  member  of  the  firm 

of  Allen  &  Fisse,  the 
partnership  dating 
from  January,  1X92. 
Mr.  Fis.se  has  al- 
ready commenced  to 
follow  in  the  foot- 
steps of  his  father, 
and  the  service  he 
has  rendered  to  the 
])nblic  while  on  the 
vSchool  Board  has 
been  of  a  most  \-aln- 
able  character.  He 
has  insisted  on  sound 
business  principles 
actuating  not  only 
the  policy  of  tlie 
board,  but  al.so  its 
every  act,  and  while 
not  p  o  sing  as  a 
theoretical  econo- 
mist, he  has  opposed 
every  attempted  ex- 
t  r  a  v  a  g  a  11  c  e  and 
irregularity,  frequently  with  signal  success. 

In  October,  1<S8."),  Mr.  Fis.se  married  Miss 
Margaret  Dietrich. 

.Mi'Ri'iiv,  D.win,  belongs  to  that  class  of 
those  St.  Louisans  who  have  raised  themselves 
to  their  present  position  by  their  own  unaided 
efforts,  and  he  is  one  of  the  public  men  and 
enterprising  citizens  of  the  metropolis.  He 
was  born  in  the  artillery  barracks  at  Woolwick, 
where  his  father,  John  Murphy,  of  Belfast,  Ire- 
laud,  was  sergeant  of  artiller>-  and  librarian  of 


468 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


the  officers'  library.  Tlie  latter  died  at  New- 
ark, New  Jersey,  in  IS.SO;  his  mother,  Ann 
(Mason)  Mnrphy,  preceded  her  husband,  dyin.tj 
in  1877. 

In    184:^,  when    David   was   very   youns^,  his 
parents  songht  a  new  home  in  America.     They 
located  in  the  old  town  of  Hartford,  Connecti- 
cnt,  where  the  boy  attended  the  public  schools. 
Later,  in  IS-i-i,  they  removed  to  New  York  City, 
and  their  son  continued  his  studies  in  the  public 
schools  of  that  city.     When   he  left  the  New 
York  schools   he   went   to  Lawranceville,  New 
Jersey,  and  for  three  years   worked  on  a  farm. 
Concluding  he  was  better  fitted  to  some  mechan- 
ical trade,  he  left  the  farm  and  went  to  Brook- 
lyn, New  York,   where  he  worked  for  a  short 
time  at  learning  the   gas-fitter's   trade;  but  it 
seems    that    the    young    man    could   not   easily 
make  up  his  mind  as  to  an  avocation  in  life,  for 
we  find  that  he  stayed  in  Brooklyn  l)ut  a  short 
time,  and  then  went  to  Morrisania,  New  York, 
and  began  learning  the  carpenter  trade,  but  was 
compelled    by  the  stagnation   of   the    building 
business  to  abandon  his  desires,  and  in  1853  he 
returned  to  New  York  Cit\-  and  secured  work  at 
driving  a  street  car  on  the  Third  Avenue  Rail- 
road; but  still  pursued  by  a  dissatisfaction  with 
his  surroundings,  an  unrest  only  through  which 
the  condition  of  mankind  has  been  bettered,  Mr. 
Murphy  in  1855  left  his  Third  avenue  car  and 
went  to  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa,  and  began  work  as 
a  carpenter,  pursuing  this  vocation  successfully 
in  the  towns  of   Des   Moines,   Burlington  and 
Keokuk  until  1858,  in  which  year  he  came  to 
St.  Louis    and    secured    work    on  the  Missouri 
Pacific  Railwa}-,  then  in  process  of  extension. 
The    next    year    he    changed    his    location    to 
Franklin  county,  this  State,  where  he  contrived 
to  work  at  the  carpenter  trade.     But   he  was 
ambitious  to  secure  a  better  education,  and  in 
the    fall  of   1859   began  attendance  at   school. 
The  following  summer  he  taught  school,  and 
was  still  teaching  when  the  war  broke  out. 

Mr.  Murphy  was  one  of  the  very  first  to  re- 
spond to  the  patriotic  call.  April  20,  18(31,  he 
organized  a  company,  which  was  one  of  the  first 
bodies  of  men  from  the   interior  to  reach  St. 


Louis,  where  the  company  became  a  part  of 
Frank  P.  Blair's  First  ^lissouri  \'olunteer  Infan- 
trv.  .\t  the  battle  of  Wilson's  Creek,  August 
lf>()l,  Mr.  Mnrphy  was  severel\-  wounded  in  the 
knee  and  was  compelled  to  lie  for  some  time  in 
a  hospital.  When  he  had  recovered,  a  vacancy 
was  created  especialh'  for  the  purpose,  and  he 
was  promoted  to  be  captain  of  Battery  F,  First 
Alissouri  Light  Artillery,  Colonel  James  Totten, 
who  succeeded  Colonel  F.  P.  Blair,  and  sent  to 
Southwest  Missouri,  serving  in  that  department 
during  the  year  18ti2,  when  he  became  connected 
with  the  Army  of  the  Frontier.  At  the  battle 
of  Prairie  Grove,  which  was  fought  December 
7,  18(i2,  such  was  the  conspicuous  efficiency  of 
the  battery  commanded  by  Captain  Murphy,  that 
the  latter  was,  at  the  special  request  of  General 
F.  J.  Herrou,  elevated  to  the  rank  of  major  of 
said  regiment.  In  the  summer  of  ISO,')  he  was 
chief  of  artillery  under  IMajor-General  Herrou 
at  the  siege  of  \'icksl:)urg,  and  after  the  capitu- 
lation of  the  city  returned  to  St.  Louis,  but  in 
18(!4  entered  service  again,  enlisting  as  first 
lieutenant  and  adjutant  of  the  Forty-seventh 
^lissouri  Infantry,  Colonel  Thos.  C.  F'letcher, 
stationed  at  Pilot  Knob.  He  was  assigned  to 
command  the  artillery  in  Fort  Da\-idson,  and 
when  Price  with  li\<i()(i  nieu  made  his  raid 
through  Missouri,  Lieutenant  AInrphy  did  gal- 
lant service  in  the  work  of  repulsing  him.  Pro- 
motion is  always  certain  to  find  such  soldiers  as 
Murpln-,  and  he  was  soon  made  lieutenant- 
colonel,  and  colonel,  successively,  of  the  Fif- 
tieth Missouri  Infantry.  As  such  he  had  com- 
mand of  the  regiment  and  was  inspector-general 
of  the  district  of  St.  Louis. 

On  being  mustered  out,  he  returned  to  P'rank- 
lin  county, where  he  was  appointed  circuit  attor- 
ney of  the  Ninth  Judicial  District,  serving  in 
that  capacity  until  the  summer  of  18(i(),  when 
he  was  made  a  special  agent  for  Missouri  of  the 
post-office  department,  serving  therein  until  the 
summer  of  LS()|).  Li  the  spring  of  I8(j7  Colonel 
Murphy  established  the  Franklin  county  Ob- 
server^ which  he  edited  and  published  until  July, 
1870,  when  he  determined  to  devote  his  entire 
time  and  talents  to  the  law  as  a  profession,  and 


'^^^    //^yCouaJy^ 


niO(,R.  irillCAL  APPENDIX. 


469 


therefore  disposed  of  the  Observer.,  and  coiniiij^ 
to  St.  Louis  entered  the  ,St.  Louis  Law  School. 
In  1871  he  (graduated,  and  has  since  devoted 
his  attention  to  regular  practice. 

Colonel  Murphy  being  a  man  of  natural  abil- 
ity, it  was  to  be  e.\-pected  that  he  would  be 
called  on  to  occupy  public  positions.  Among 
such  places,  ma\-  be  mentioned  the  presidenc\' 
of  the  Mullanphy  Relief  Board,  in  which  he 
served  as  a  member  from  l.S7(J  to  18<SL  In  188:2 
he  was  appointed  circuit  attorney  of  vSt.  Louis, 
to  serve  during  the 
disability  of  the  in- 
cumbent. In  the 
year  18(S4  he  was 
nominated  for  the 
office  of  attorney- 
general  for  the  State 
of  Missouri  by  the 
Republican  ])arty, 
and  made  an  active 
canvass  of  the  State. 
The  same  com])li- 
ment  was  bestowed 
upon  him  in   1.SSI2. 

In  February,  li^li;), 
Colonel  Murphy  was 
married  to  MissKllen 
V.  Foss,  of  ;\Iaine, 
who  died  in  the  same 
year.  In  Lsiiii  he  was 
married  to  his  pres- 
ent wife.  Miss  ]\Iar\- 
Jane  Bainbridge,  of 
De  Soto,   Mi.s.souri. 

She  is  a  daughter  of  the  late  Colonel  Allen 
I'iaiul)ridge,  who  during  his  life  was  a  close 
frienil  and  companion  of  (ieneral  John  A.  Logan. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  career  of  Colonel  JMur- 
phy  has  been  a  most  active  and  varied  one.  As 
farmer  boy,  carpenter,  street  car  driver,  teacher, 
editor,  soldier,  lawyer  and  public  official, 
through  all  changes,  he  has  been  governed  by 
an  ambition  to  rise,  and  has  realized  that  only 
by  doing  the  work  before  him  well  could  he 
hope  to  merit  success.     That  is  the  rule  that  he 


is  a  good  one,  is  demonstrated  by  the  measure 
of  success  he  has  earned.  To-day,  he  is  con- 
sidered l)y  the  membership  of  the  bar  an  able 
lawyer,  stands  high  in  the  confidence  of  the 
people  as  a  citizen,  and  as  both  soldier  and 
civilian  has  certaiidy 
esteem  accorded  him. 


well  earned  the  general 


J.  MARTiNE  ki:rsha\\ 


Ker.sh.\w,  J.  .M.\R'n.\K,  is  a  native  of  St. 
Louis,  and  his  parents  were  James  M.  and  Mar- 
garet   E.    Kershaw.      In    the    year    I(J42   there 

arrived  at  the  port 
of  New  Amsterdam 
(  now  New  York )  a 
Dutch  Holland  ship 
with  a  number  of 
Huguenot  refugees, 
who  had  escaped 
from  France  during 
the  civil  war  and 
sought  refuge  in  Hol- 
land. Among  the 
number  who  arrived 
at  the  above  named 
port  was  Jacques 
Lamartine  du  Car- 
shaw,  afterwards 
spelled  Kershaw. 
He  was  the  head  of 
the  Kershaw  family. 
The  father  of  the 
Doctor  was  a  bank- 
note engraver,  and 
had  no  superior  in 
this  or  any  other 
country.  He  was  an  artist  in  the  fullest  sense 
of  the  term.  To  show  his  skill  he  engraved  the 
Lord's  Prayer  and  the  Ten  Connnandments  on 
a  steel  plate  the  size  of  a  gold  dollar,  a  feat 
never  accomplished  by  any  other  artist.  He 
was  a  true  artist  and  a  lover  of  books.  His  as- 
sociates were  such  men  as  Thomas  H.  Benton, 
James  B.  Ivads,  McDonald,  the  sculptor,  and 
Meeker,  the  painter.  He  was  one  of  the  judges 
in  the  Art  Department  at  the  Fair  tirounds  for 
a   number  of  vears    while   the   late  Gerard  B. 


has  applied  through  many  changes;  and  that  it      Allen  was  president. 


4t0 


OLD  AXn  XI-:\V  ST.   LOUIS. 


The  Doctor  comes  from  a  famil\-  of  lawyers 
and  uiiuisters,  Bisliop  Provost,  atone  lime  rector 
of  Trinity  Church,  New  York,  beincj  a  grcat- 
granduncle.  His  paternal  grandfather  was  a 
Presbyterian  minister.  He  owned  a  farm  upon 
which  more  than  one-lialf  t)f  the  city  of  lirook- 
lyn  now  stands.  Being  devoted  to  his  calling 
as  a  divine,  and  knowing  little  of  business  mat- 
ters, he  allowed  this  propert\-  to  slip  through  his 
hands,  which  would  have  made  his  heirs  many 
times  millionaires. 

After  receiving  the  training  of  excellent 
schools  of  his  native  place,  Doctor  Kershaw  be- 
gan the  study  of  medicine  as  the  private  pupil 
of  the  renowned,  but  eccentric,  surgeon,  I^rofes- 
sor  Joseph  Nash  McDowell,  at  the  old  Mcl^owell 
College,  at  the  northwest  corner  of  Eighth  and 
Gratiot  streets.  After  finishing  the  course  with 
Surgeon  McDowell,  he  entered  the  Homoeo- 
))athic  ^Medical  College  of  Missouri  as  the  jiri- 
vate  student  of  ProfessorE.C.  Franklin,  and  from 
which  institution  he  graduated  in  the  early  sev- 
enties. About  this  time  he  took  a  special  course 
in  practical  anatomy  with  the  now  celebrated 
Doctor  William  Tod  Helmuth,  of  New  York. 
Doctor  Kershaw,  early  in  his  career,  began  to 
devote  himself  to  the  stud\-  of  diseases  of  the 
brain,  s])ine  and  nervous  system.  For  several 
years  he  lectured  at  the  clinics  for  nervous  dis- 
eases at  the  Homoeopathic  College  of  Missouri, 
and  also  at  the  Missouri  School  of  Midwifery. 
For  ten  years  Doctor  Kershaw  lectured  on  dis- 
eases of  the  brain  and  nervous  system  at  the 
Homoeopathic  Medical  College  of  Mi.s.souri,  and 
is  now  professor  of  the  practice  of  medicine  in 
that  institution,  devoting  all  his  lectures  to  dis- 
eases of  the  heart,  lungs,  liver  and  kidneys. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees 
and  president  of  the  college  syndicate.  Doctor 
Kershaw  has  written  a  great  deal.  He  is  the 
author  of  the  several  chapters  on  diseases  of  the 
brain  and  its  membranes  in  Arndt's  "System 
of  Medicine,"  the  best  book  on  general  med- 
icine in  the  Homoeopathic  school.  He  has  also 
written  over  fifty  monographs  on  nervous  dis- 
eases, among  them  being  "The  Relation  of 
Brain    Compression    to    Infantile    Lock-jaw," 


"Treatment  of  Sick  Headache,"  "Causes  of 
Sudden  Death  after  Sixty  Years,"  "The  Im- 
mediate Treatment  of  Ajroplexy,"  ".Vuxiliary 
Measures  in  the  Treatment  of  Congestion  of  the 
Brain,"  "The  Treatment  of  One-sided  Paral- 
ysis," "Epilepsy  i'crsiii  Crime."  The  Doc- 
tor's hobby  is  diagnosis.  He  has  lately  written 
an  able  article  on  this  subject,  entitled  "The 
\'alue  of  a  Medical  <)pinion."  Se\eral  years  ago 
Doctor  Kershaw  invented  a  heat-carrier,  which 
he  has  used  with  success  in  the  treatment  of 
paralysis.  He  has  also  made  an  improved 
brace  for  the  treatment  of  hunch-back — better 
known  as  Pott's  disease  of  the  spine.  He  was 
also  the  first  surgeon  to  successfully  use  the 
collodion  cap  in  the  treatment  of  cerebral 
hernia. 

Doctor  Kershaw  is  a  member  of  the  Amer- 
ican Institute  of  Homccopatln-,  the  W'estcrn 
Academy  of  Homoeopathy,  the  .Missouri  Institute 
of  HouKL-opathy,  the  Hahnemann  Club  and  the 
,St.  Louis  Honueopathic  Medical  vSociety.  Of 
this  latter  society  he  is  now  the  president.  He  is 
an  ex-president  of  the  Missouri  Institute  of  Ho- 
moeopathy, and  is  an  active  worker  in  this  and 
every  other  society  and  body  of  which  he  is  a 
meni])er. 

He  was  married  some  years  ago  to  Miss 
Katrine  A.  Dickson,  a  society  lady,  directly 
connected  with  several  of  the  oldest  and  best- 
known  families  of  Missouri.  .Mrs.  C.  Purdy 
Lindsley,  of  New  Haven,  and  ]\Irs.  William  H. 
Stevenson,  of  St.  Louis,  are  sisters  of  j\lrs.  Ker- 
shaw, while  Mrs.  Daniel  Houser,  Mrs.  Charles 
H.  Turner  and  Mrs.  Douglas  Cook  are  cousins. 
The  late  j\lrs.  Ellis  Wainwriglit  was  also  a  first 
cousin  of  Mrs.  Kershaw.  The  father  of  ]\Irs. 
Kershaw  was  a  man  of  books,  a  student  until 
the  day  he  died,  and  celebrated  as  an  engineer, 
inventor  and  scientific  investigator.  The  Doc- 
tor's wife  has  one  accomplishment — she  is  a 
model  housekeeper.  Every  inch  of  her  house, 
from  the  cellar  to  the  store-room,  is  in  as  perfect 
order  as  the  parlors  of  this  well-kept  and  well- 
ordered  household.  Mrs.  David  T.  Breck,  of 
Ferguson,  ^Missouri,  is  the  only  sister  of  Doctor 
Kershaw. 


BIOGR,  1 1  'I  lie  A  L  A  PP/-:.\'/)/X. 


471 


Havnks,  John   I.,  of  the  architectural   firm  Pikk,   Shkkman  B. — One  wlio  in  the  future 

of   Barnctt   &    Haynes,  was  born   in  St.  Louis,  must  be  rated  as  a  pioneer  in  St.  Louis  in  the 

March    1,  l.Stll.      His    fatlier,  Thomas    Haynes,  development    of    electricity,   that  great   motive 

was  a  native  of  England,  while  his  mother  was  jiower  which   is    to   revolutionize  the  world,  is 

horn    in    Ireland.     They  were  married  in   En-  Sherman  R.  Pike,  at  the  pre.sent  time  secretary 

gland   and   shortly  afterward  came  to  America,  and    treasurer   of   both    the    Missouri    Electric 

Young  John,  when  old  enough,  was  sent  to  the  Light    and    Power   Company    and   the   Warner 

public  school  in  this  city,  continuing  in  attend-  Electric   Manufacturing  Companv,  of   this  city, 

auce  thereat  until  seventeen  years  of  age.  Air.  Pike  is  a  native  of  St.  Louis,  where  he 

He  early  developed  a  taste  as  well  as  a  talent  was  born   in  Januar\-,   l.s.");4,   his   parents  beino- 

for  drawing,  and  when  he  left  school  he  started  ]•'.    C.    and    Harriet    A.    (Williams)   Pike.      He 


in  with  George  L 
Parnett,  of  Barnett 
6v:  Ta\'lor,  to  learn 
the  architectural 
business,  staving  in 
lliis  jK)sition  until 
the  members  of  the 
firm  dissolved  part- 
nershi]5.  He  then 
secured  employment 
with  Isaac  Taylor, 
and  for  a  term  of  ten 
years  had  charge  of 
his  ofilice.  This  was 
a  resjionsible  posi- 
tion, but  Mr. Haynes 
left  it  to  accept  an 
appointment  in  the 
city  building  com- 
missioner's oflfice. 
His  appoi  nlni  vn\ 
was  for  four  years, 
but  he  served  only 
one,  resigning  to 

form   the  jiresent   i)arlnershi])  with    Mr.  Cieorge 
I).  PariKlt. 

The  tn"m  has  been  in  existence  ujjward  of 
five  years,  and  at  the  present  time  enjoys  a 
reputation  and  patronage  which  entitles  it  to  be  city 
considered  one  of  the  successful  firms  in  its  line 
in  the  West.  Mr.  Ha\ues  personally  is  of 
sua\e  and  ])leasing  address,  is  an  energetic 
worker  and  a  thorough  business  man. 

He  was  married  this  year,  March  17,  is;t|,  to 


JOHN    I.  HAVNES. 


acquired  his  educa- 
tion at  the  City  Uni- 
versity, of  St.  Louis, 
of  which  Edward 
\\'\  man  was  then 
principal,  and  at  the 
renowned  Ivjiiscojial 
Institute,  located  at 
Burlington,  Ver- 
mont. 

He  adopted   mer- 
cantile pursuits  after 
leaving  school,   but 
finalh-  became  en- 
gaged in  the  opera- 
tion of  the  Excelsior 
electric      plant,     at 
211     Locust    street, 
where   he  continued 
until    the    organiza- 
tion t)f  the  Missouri 
Electric    Light    and 
Power  Company,  in 
l8tS;).     He  was  one 
of  the   active   movers   in   its  organization   and 
was  made  general  manager,  which  place  he  held 
until  made  secretary  and  treasurer.      He  is  con- 
sidered one  of  the  best  posted  electricians  in  the 


Mkkrv.m.xn,  John  I'k.wk,  son  of  Jo.seph  E. 
and  Harriet  (Gabriel)  Merryman,  was  born  at 
Mount  \'ernon,  KeiUucky,  September  II,  1S')4. 
His  mother  died  in  the  \ear  I.H.'ici,  and  his  father 


Miss    Harriet    L.    Helery,  daughter    of    Henry     moved  the  same  year  to  Missouri.     John  Frank 
Helery,  deceased.  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  and  attended 


472 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I. GUIS. 


tlie  University  of  Missouri  at  Coliiinhia  during 
llie  years  l.S(!9  and  1^70.  lie  ilicii  entered 
Bethany  College, West  Virginia,  wliere  he  grad- 
uated in  l-STii,  in  the  class  in  which  Champ  Clark 
was  first  honors  man.  Continuing  his  education 
Mr.  Merr\-uian  attended  St.  Louis  Law  School 
in  1«74,  and  having  graduated  was  admitted  to 
the  bar  in  St.  Louis  in  1.S7."),  and  at  once  com- 
menced the  practice  of  law. 

His  career  at  the  bar  has  been  a  singularly 
successful  one.  Mr.  Merryman's  legal  educa- 
tion is  second  to  that  of  no  man  in  the  State, 
and  he  yields  to  none  in  points  of  assiduit\'  and 
loyalty  to  the  interests  of  his  clients.  He  was 
elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  in  the 
year  1880  as  a  Democrat,  Mr.  Charles  Claflin 
Allen  going  from  the  same  district  as  a  Repub- 
lican. He  .served  in  the  Thirty-first  General 
Assembly  with  great  success,  making  an  excel- 
lent record  and  bringing  to  bear  an  unlimited 
amount  of  common  sense  in  the  deliberations  of 
the  legislators.  As  a  law-maker  Air.  Merryman  has 
few  equals  and  still  fewer  superiors,  and  the  im- 
press he  left  on  the  statute-book  of  the  State  will 
bear  record  to  his  ability  long  after  he  has  ceased 
his  career.  He  also  rendered  a  good  account  of 
himself  in  the  called  session  of  188:?,  and  then 
retiring  from  active  political  life  settled  down 
to  the  steady  practice  of  law.  During  the  last 
ten  years  he  has  built  up  a  practice  at  once 
remunerative  and  honorable.  He  represents 
some  of  the  oldest  and  best  families  in  St.  Louis, 
as  well  as  some  of  the  wealthiest  corporations. 

He  married  in  February,  1886,  Miss  Mary  P. 
Johnson,  daughter  of  Governor  Charles  P.  John- 
son. He  has  two  bright,  intelligent  children — 
Elvira  and  Frank  Johnson. 

Fames,  Wilu.\m  S.,  was  born  August  4, 
1857,  at  Clinton,  Lenawee  county,  Michigan. 
His  parents,  William  H.  and  Laura  M.  (Sco- 
field)  Fames,  moved  to  St.  Louis  in  1863.  He 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  this  city, 
and  in  Washington  University,  graduating  from 
that  institution  in  the  class  of  1878. 

Having  decided  to  adopt  the  profession  of 
architecture,  Mr.  Fames  worked  as  a  draughts- 


man in  local  offices  for  three  years,  and  in  issi 
went  to  ICnrope  in  the  pursuit  of  his  studies, 
making  a  complete  tour  of  the  continent  before 
returning  to  America.  Shortly  after  his  return 
he  was  appointed  deputy  commissioner  of  pulilic 
buildings,  which  ])osition  he  held  up  to  the 
\ear  IMSd,  when  he  formed  a  partuershii)  with 
Mr.  Thomas  C.  Young,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Fames  &  Young,  which  is  still  in  existence  and 
is  regarded  as  one  of  the  leading  architectural 
firms  in  this  city. 

-Vlthough  one  of  the  youngest  architects  in 
St.  Louis,  Mr.  Fames  had  conferred  ui)ou  him 
the  distinction  of  being  made  first  president  of 
the  St.  Louis  chapter  of  the  American  Institute 
of  Architects,  and  for  the  last  three  vears  has 
been  a  director  of  the  National  Institute. 

The  firm  has  enjoyed  one  of  the  largest  and 
best  practices  in  the  cit\",  and  has  designed  man\' 
of  the  finest  residences  and  large  business  blocks 
of  vSt.  Louis. 

While  Mr.  Fames  is  de\-oted  to  his  profession, 
and  acti\ely  identified  with  its  advancement, 
he  devotes  considerable  time  to  the  studv  of 
social  and  economic  questions,  and  is  fond  of 
general  literature,  seeking  in  books  diversion 
from  his  professional  cares.  His  name  will  cer- 
tainly be  associated  with  the  greater  part  of  all 
large  improvements  of  St.  Louis  in  the  future. 

Lewis,  MarTro.m  D.,  the  expert  and  autlu)r- 
ity  on  probate  law,  was  born  in  St.  Louis  county, 
August  17,  183().  His  father  was  a  native  of 
\'irginia,  of  excellent  family  and  a  land  owner 
and  farmer.  Like  so  many  Virginians  and  their 
Kentucky  cousins,  a  bold,  aggressive  and  daring 
spirit,  of  the  kind  which  sustained  all  the  pio- 
neers, explorers  and  leaders  of  men,  were  qual- 
ities of  marked  prominence  in  his  character  and 
no  doubt  impelled  him  to  become  a  pioneer  of 
the  then  unknown  western  wilderness.  Certain 
it  is  that  he  has  a  clear  title  as  one  of  the  earli- 
est pioneers  of  agriculture  west  of  the  jMissis- 
sippi;  for  he  came  to  St.  Louis  in  1795,  when 
the  place  was  a  wilderness-surrounded  trading 
post  of  scarcely  more  than  two  hundred  inhabit- 
ants.    The  senior  Lewis'  eldest  sister  married 


/^  WIIk 


-{l^.Lxu 


nrOCR.  1 1 'IllCAL  A PPF.NniX. 


473 


General  Daniel  Morsjan  Boone,  eldest  son  of 
Daniel  Boone,  and  Mr.  Lewis  was  a  friend  of 
and  frequently  visited  the  old  Indian  fighter  at 
Ills  caliin  in  .St.  Charles  connty.  Martroni  D. 
Lewis'  mother  was,  before  marriage,  Elizabeth 
Darby,  and  she  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina. 
The  snbject  of  the  biography  here  given 
received  a  good  common  school  education  at  the 
schools  near  his  home,  and  when  snfficienth- 
educated  came  to  the  city  to  study  law,  entering 
the  office  of  an  elder  In'other,  Augustus  \\'.,  who 
was  alread)'  estab- 
lished here  in  the 
practice  of  that  ]n-o-  ! 

fession.  It  was  in 
his  office  that  the 
\ounger  brother 
(lualilied  himself  for 
admission  to  the  bar, 
and  when  his  brother 
Augustus  W.  died  in 
ISSSt,  be  succeeded 
to  his  business.  In 
1«(JU  he  took  up  the 
practice  of  juobate 
law  as  a  si)i.'ciaUy, 
and  soon  his  patron- 
age consisted  almost 
wlu)lly  of  llial  line 
of  business,  his  ex- 
tended knowledge  of 
which  soon  entitled 
him  to  be  rated  as  an 
authority  thereon. 

His  abilit\'  as  a 
probate  lawyer  received  an  ofliciai  recognition 
during  the  administration  of  Governor  Silas 
Woodson.  W'hen  Heur>-  Gambs,  as  public  ad- 
ministrator, became  a  defaulter,  the  governor 
appointed  .Mr.  Lewis  his  successor,  and  four  days 
later  lie  qualified,  giving  a  bond  of  $;5()(), ()()(». 
On  the  expiration  of  his  term  in  LSTii  he  became 
a  candidate  for  the  office  on  the  Democratic 
ticket,  and  the  people  indorsed  the  governor's 
selection  of  an  incumbent  for  the  unexpired  term 
of  Gambs  by  gr\'ing  him  an  election  to  a  full 
term  by  H,()U()  majority.    Owing  to  the  adoption 


MARTROM    D.    [.HS\  L-^. 


of  the  scheme  and  charter,  he  was  compelled  to 
go  before  the  people  again  the  ne.xt  spring  and 
recci\'ed  another  handsome  indorsement. 

With  so  much  skill  and  ability  did  he  adminis- 
ter the  office,  that  in  1878  he  was  elected  with- 
out opposition,  and  altogether  was  appointed 
and  elected  to  the  office  fi\e  times,  at  his  last 
election  receiving  ()2,00()  votes.  At  the  expira- 
tion of  his  la.st  term  in  1884,  he  could  have  had 
the  office  again  without  the  asking,  but  he  was 
then   in   bad   health   and  accordingly   refused  to 

become  a  candidate, 
going  on  a  visit  to 
California  instead. 
During  his  term  of 
pul)lic  service  and 
l)rivate  practice  he 
is  said  to  h  a  v  e 
handled  and  settled 
more  estates  than 
any  other  adminis- 
trator in  the  United 
Slates. 

On    December    2, 
18(;2,   Judge    Lewis 
was  married  to  Su- 
san, the  only  daugh- 
ter  of  Judge    Pere- 
grine Tippett.     Six 
children   have   l)een 
born  to  the  couple, 
l)ut  only  one,  ALary 
Margaret,  is  living. 
An  overwhelming 
affliction    befell 
Judge  and  Mrs.  Lewis  in  isill",  when  ihey  buried 
four  of  their  little  ones  within  eight  days.     The 
fifth  child,  a  daughter,  died  in  1887. 

^Mention  has  already  been  made  of  how  Mr. 
Lewis  stepped  into  the  Ijreach  on  the  occasion. 
of  a  defalcation  by  a  public  ofliciai.  Still  more 
recently  he  has  been  called  upon  in  a  somewhat 
similar  and  even  more  serious  contingency. 
When  it  was  discovered  that  tliere  was  a  short- 
age in  the  accounts  of  City  Treasurer  Foerstel, 
Acting  Mayor  Walbridge  secured  the  .services  of 
one  of  the  city's  leading  bankers  to  straighten 


474 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


out  the  hooks,  and  when  this  liad  hecu  done 
Mr.  Lewis  was  elected  to  111!  ont  Mr.  Focrstel's 
nncxpired  term.  Tliat  so  reliahle  a  financier 
had  accepted  the  position  led  to  a  general  feeling 
of  relief,  and  no  fnrther  anxiety  was  felt.  Mr. 
Lewis  restored  the  oflfice  to  its  proper  condition. 
It  was  generally  nnderstood  that  he  conld  have 
the  position  for  an(_)ther  term,  bnt  he  preferred  to 
retire,  and  did  so  in  the  spring  of  1893. 

QfHKi.,  Ch.-\rles  F.,  son  of  Charles  and 
Anialia  (Ostnian) 
Onerl,  was  born  ( )c- 
tober  12,  I.S40,  in 
St.  Lonis.  He  at- 
tended a  pri\ate 
school  nntil  fonrteen 
years  of  age,  when 
he  secured  employ- 
ment in  a  drugstore, 
where  he  remained 
for  two  years,  bnt 
finding  the  work  too 
confining  and  tedi- 
ons  for  a  young  man 
of  his  aspirations,  he 
(piit  and  after  taking 
a  business  course  in 
the  Jones  Commer- 
cial College  he  se- 
cured a  position  as 
clerk  in  the  lumber 
business  of  Mr. 
Alexander  Riddle. 
This   was    in    1857, 

and  Mr.  Ouerl  remained  in  his  employ  until 
18(i(),  when,  being  at  that  time  well  acquainted 
with  the  details  of  the  lumber  business,  he 
secured  a  position  as  book-keeper  with  Bryan 
&  Brothers. 

He  retained  this  position  until  1864,  when, 
a  change  taking  place  in  the  firm  organization, 
Mr.  Ouerl  purchased  an  interest  in  the  business 
and  became  a  partner  of  Mr.  Wilkinson  Br\an. 
In  l'S(>M  Messrs.  Schnelle  and  Ouerl  bought  out 
Mr.  Wilkinson  Bryan  and  conducted  the  busi- 
ness  at   the  corner  of   Eighth  and  Mullanphy 


CHARLES   F.  QUERL 


streets  until  l'*>71,  wlit-n  they  remox'ed  to  Main 
and  Destrehan  streets,  owing  to  the  pressure  of 
business,  and  the  concern  was  incorporated  in 
1881  as  the  Schnelle  iS:  Ouerl  Lumber  Company, 
Mr.  Schnelle  having  been  associated  with  him 
in  business  for  some  years. 

Mr.  Ouerl  was  elected  treasurer  of  the  firm, 
and  the  two  young  men  at  the  head  of  the  busi- 
ness rapidly  doubling  the  output,  it  was  found 
necessary  to  select  a  more  convenient  and  roomy 
yard,  which  was  finally  secured  on  the  corner  of 

Main  and  Angelica 
streets,  where  the 
com])any  continues 
to  do  business  of 
great  magnitude  and 
vast  extent.  The 
company  ships  out 
a  large  quantity  of 
material  in  addition 
to  its  very  satisfac- 
tor\-  local  connec- 
tion. 

In  No\- ember, 
18(;."),  he  was  nuu- 
ried  to  ^liss  Annie  S. 
Bell  reus,  sister  of  the 
late  Charles  W.Beh- 
rens,  a  prominent 
1  u  m  b  e  r  merchant 
of  St.  Louis.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Ouerl  cele- 
brated their  silver 
wedding  in  18  !•  0  , 
when  they  received 
the  congratulations  of  a  host  of  friends.  They 
have  had  eight  children — three  boys  and  five 
girls,  of  whom  there  are  now  living  one  boy  and 
three  girls,  Willie  H.,  Lydia  M.,  Julia  M.,  and 
Laura  A.  Mr.  Ouerl  is  now  in  the  prime  of 
manhood. 

Petersen,  L.^uritz,  .son  of  Lauritz  and  Anne 
Olosehuns)  Petersen,  was  born  in  the  town  of 
(xram,  in  the  northeast  of  vSchleswig,  in  the  year 
]8.")2.  At  that  time  the  Provinces  of  Schleswig 
and  Holstein  were  a  portion  of  the  Kingdom  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


475 


Denmark,  and  Lauritz  wasedncated  in  a  Danish 
school  in  his  native  city,  remaining  there  until 
he  was  fifteen  years  of  age.  He  was  then  ap- 
prenticed to  a  cabinet  maker  in  Harderleben,  a 
large  city  on  the  east  coast  of  Schleswig.  In 
Denmark  a  term  of  apprenticeship  and  a  very 
thorough  mastery  of  every  little  detail  are  the 
rule,  and  young  Petersen  was  bound  for  five 
years,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  received  his 
indentures  as  a  first-class  journeyman.  He 
worked  at  this  trade  for  another  year,  and  then 
on  attaining  his  ma- 
jority he  came  to 
America. 

He  settled  in  Chi- 
cago, and  being  an 
exceptionally  able 
workman,  exjieri- 
enccd  no  difficulty 
in  finding  lucrative 
employment,  but  in 
1S74  he  recognized 
the  fact  that  vSt. 
Louis  offered  the  best 
opporlnnit}'  for  an 
energetic,  compe- 
tent mechanic,  and 
he  accordingly  came 
to  the  cilv  which 
now  regards  him 
as  one  of  its  leading 
business  men.  For 
nine  years  he  worked 
at  cabinet  making 
and  in  a  planing 
mill,  saving  a  large  percentage  of  his  earnings. 

He  was  now  thirty  years  of  age,  and  finding 
that  his  means  permitted  such  a  course,  he 
started  in  the  mill  business  on  his  own  account 
on  Dakota  street.  These  ])remises  he  leased 
for  two  years,  and  b\-  the  time  his  lease  had  run 
out  he  had  established  a  splendid  connection, 
and  found  his  orders  getting  ahead  of  him.  The 
ne.xt  advancement  in  his  progressive  career  was 
the  purchase  of  a  U)t  on  the  southeast  corner  of 
Lyon  and  Lynch  streets,  upon  which  he  built  a 
commodious  brick  factory,  better  adapted  to  the 


Jjj^^  f 

^ 

H 

ikW'' 

LAURITZ    PtTERSKN. 


requirements  of  his  rapidly  increasing  business. 
The  following  year  he  secured  the  adjoining  lot, 
upon  which  he  erected  an  elegant  modern  brick 
residence,  replete  with  every  convenience. 

Five  years  later  his  factory  proved  as  inade- 
([uate  for  his  lousiness  as  his  leased  premises  had 
done.  He  was  compelled  to  build  an  addition 
and  add  a  second  story,  making  his  factory  an 
exceptionally  large  one,  with  a  floor-space  on 
each  story  of  Moxl  10  feet.  In  addition  to  this 
his  two-story  warehouse  gave  him  a  floor-space 

of  7/)xH()  feet,  and 
equipped  with  the 
latest  improved  ma- 
chinery  for  mill 
work,  he  found  him- 
self able  to  transact 
an  enormous  busi- 
ness. 

In  is.sii  Mr.  Peter- 
.sen  purchased  the 
vacant  lot  opposite 
his  factory,  SfJxlOO 
feet,  and  opened  a 
large  lumber  yard 
upon  it,  his  idea  be- 
ing to  keep  a  large 
stock  always  on  hand 
for  his  own  business. 
Success  again 
crowned  his  efforts, 
and  in  1><!II  he  was 
compelled  to  start 
another  lumber  yard. 
He  purchased  a  lot 
on  the  corner  of  Third  and  Lynch,  lHOxTTt  feet, 
for  this  purpose,  and  is  now  as  well  equipped  for 
business  as  any  man  in  the  West.  His  latest 
real  estate  purchased  is  a  lot  l(K^.x;^()()  feet  on 
Magnolia  and  \'andeventer  avenue,  upon  which 
he  proposes  to  erect  a  magnificent  residence 
without  delay,  and  to  thus  increase  the  obliga- 
tions of  the  city  to  a  man  whose  enterprise  has 
been  phenomena]. 

In  May,  IS77,  .Mr.  Petersen  married  Miss 
Othilde  Quaade.  He  has  six  fine  healthy 
children — tliree  boys  and  three  girls. 


47(5 


OLD    AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


LiNDSi.i'.v,  DKCorKci'.v  Bkadlkv,  :\I.I)., 
D.D.S.,  is  a  skillful  and  popular  young  den- 
tal surgeon,  located  at  ;i.J14  Lucas  avenue. 
The  Doctor  is  a  native  of  St.  Louis,  and  was 
born  ^Lay  2(>,  l.S(i7,  and  is  therefore  at  this  date 
tweut\'-scvcn  years  of  age.  He  is  the  son  of 
Fanny  (  Anderson )  and  the  late  DeCourcey  B. 
Lindsley,  the  latter  for  a  term  of  many  years 
one  of  the  city's  most  prosperous  wholesale  shoe 
merchants. 

The  young  Doctor  was  educated  at  Smith's 
Academy,  and  im- 
mediately after  grad- 
u  at  ion  became  a 
student  at  the  vSt. 
Louis  jMedical  Col- 
lege. He  graduated 
therefrom  in  theclass 
of  l'S87.  For  one 
year  sul)sequently 
he  studied  the  more 
practiced  details  of 
the  medical  profes- 
sion as  an  assistant 
within  the  wards  of 
2^Iullanphy  Hospital . 
He  had  resolved  to 
fit  himself  for  the 
dental  s  urge  r  \ 
branch  of  the  med- 
ical profession,  and 
therefore  on  leaving 
the  hospital,  matric- 
ulated at  the  Mis- 
souri Dental  College. 

After  his  graduation  in  188tl  he  began  practice, 
and  already  has  attracted  to  himself  a  clientele 
composed  of  the  better  element  of  the  com- 
munity. 

He  stands  well  among  his  professional  breth- 
ren, and  they  have  honored  him  by  an  election 
to  the  presidency  of  the  St.  Louis  Dental  So- 
ciet}-;  he  is  also  president  of  the  Missouri  State 
Dental  Association. 

Campbell,  Lewis,  son  of  Lewis  H.  and 
Mary  (Scott)   Campbell,   was  born  in  Albany, 


DeCOURCEY  B.  LINDSLEY. 


New  York,  Januar\-  l.'^,  l.sf.s.  He  received  a 
common  school  education  in  Sparta,  Illinois, 
whither  liis  parents  had  moved  while  he  was  a 
boy,  and  he  subsequently  spent  a  year  and  a 
half  in  the  State  University,  at  Champaign, 
Illinois.  His  education  l)eiiig  completed,  he 
entered  into  various  commercial  occupations, 
including  teaching  school  for  two  years,  and 
finally  entered  into  the  employment  of  Doctor 
McLean,  of  St.  Louis,  as  general  office  clerk. 
Doctor  McLean  liad  the  reputation  of   what  is 

sometimes  called 
"sizing  up"  a  man 
very  rapidly,  and 
before  Mr.  Campbell 
had  been  in  the 
Doctor's  employ  a 
month,  he  had  rec- 
ognized in  him  qual- 
ities of  great  value. 
Few  men  were  so 
ready  to  recognize 
talent  and  reward 
faithfulness  as  the 
Doctor,  and  when  he 
saw  that  his  first  im- 
pressions erred  only 
on  the  side  of  moder- 
ation, he  placed  un- 
limited confidence  in 
him  and  soon  re- 
garded him  as  his 
right-hand  man. 
Under  the  Doctor's 
supervision  Mr. 
Campbell  became  thoroughly  conversant  with 
the  details  of  the  vast  business  conducted,  and 
at  the  time  of  the  Doctor's  death  he  was  not 
only  cashier,  but  was  also  in  practical  control 
of  a  large  amount  of  the  details  in  connection 
with  the  establishment.  At  the  death  of  Doc- 
tor ^IcLean,  the  business  was  incorporated  and 
^Ir.  Campbell,  who  had  been  named  as  executor 
in  his  late  employer's  will,  was  made  president 
of  the  company,  a  position  he  has  filled  since 
to  the  unlimited  satisfaction  of  the  stockholders 
and  patrons. 


niOGRAPH/CAL  APPENDIX. 


477 


Mr.   Cainp1)cll   is  an  excellent  organizer  and  town,  and  giving  great  attention  to  his  studies 

an    exceptionally    fine    manager,    grasping    the  had  acqnired  a  good  edncation  by  the  time  he 

points  of  a  difficult  situation  with  great  rapid-  was  sixteen.     He  then  left  school  and  moved  to 

ity,  and  deciding  upmi  a  course  of  action  while  L,aGrange,  Missouri,   where  he  secured  a  po.si- 

many  men  would  have  been  still  worrying  over  tion  as  book-keej^er  for  J.  M.  Cashman,  general 

details.      He  has  largely  increased  the  volume  merchant.      He  remained  with    tliis    house  for 

of  business  transacted  by  the  firm,  and  by  his  two  years,  and  then  secured   a  more  lucrative 

able  management  and  untiring  energy  has  well  position   as   clerk  on  a  ilissi-ssippi  steamboat, 

filled  the  void  caused  by  the  death  of  the  founder  He  had  a  lengthy  career  of  the  river,  and  in  the 

of  the  business.  >ear  18(i(>  was  clerk  on  the  steamer  Missouri  at 

As    administrator    of    the  Doctor's    will,   his  the  time  of  the  explosion.     In  1<S().S  Mr.  Malin 


efforts  have  been  un- 
tiring, and  the  Doc- 
tor's family  look 
upon  Mr.  Campbell 
as  a  dear  friend  as 
well  as  a  splendid 
business  man.  His 
career  through  life 
has  been  a  most  cred- 
itable one.  He  started 
in  williDUt  any  spe- 
cial adwantages  ex- 
cept an  enterprising 
anil  energetic  dispo- 
sition and  the  ])os- 
session  of  markeil 
talent,  and  it  is  only 
b\'  the  exercise  of 
this  and  l)y  his  iin- 
s  wer\'  i  n  g  1  o\a  1  ly 
that  he  has  been  able 
to  rise  in  llu-  wurld 
with  such  renuirk- 
able    rapidity.       He 

served  for  one  year  during  the  war  in  the  Eight- 
ieth Illinois  regiment,  being  one  of  the  very 
young  men  who  enlisted  in  the  West. 

He  was  married  in  l<S72  to  Miss  Mary  dor- 
such,  of  vSparta,  Illinois,  and  has  one  child, 
Frank  I).  McLean. 

Mai.in,  J.VMK.s  D.,  son  of  Ira  X.  and  V.W/.a- 
bclh  J.  (  Dalmazzo)  Malin,  was  born  in  \"evay, 
Indiana,  in  l.S;>!l.  His  father  was  a  steamboat 
man,  away  from  home  a  great  deal,  and  James 
was  educated  at  the  public  school  of  his  native     children  living. 


resumed  work  on  the 
shore,  and  in  part- 
nership with  his 
father  st  arted  a 
wholesale  1  i  q  u  o  r 
house  at  Onincy,  Il- 
linois. In  l.siiil  it 
was  decided  to  move 
to  St.  Louis,  in  order 
that  the  rapidly  in- 
creasing trade  could 
be  conducted  from  a 
more  central  point. 
I'or  four  \ears  the 
partnership  p  r  o  s  - 
pered  in  St.  Louis, 
l)Ut  in  1S7.">  .Mr.  Ira 
Malin  died,  and  Mr. 
j.  D.  Malin  contin- 
ued the  business  with 
Mr.  John  Fowler  as 
his  partner. 

He  continued  a 
]>artner  in  the  firm 
until  IMH),  when  Mr.  J.  D.  Malin  purchased  his 
interest  and  became  sole  proprietor  of  the  estab- 
lishment. Mr.  Malin  himself  occupies  a  very 
honorable  position  in  St.  Louis  commercial  and 
social  circles.  He  is  a  Mason  and  Past  Master 
of  the  George  Washington  Lodge,  No.  !•.  He  is 
also  a  member  of  the  Mercantile  and  St.  Louis 
Jockey  clubs,  and  also  of  the  Grand  Pass  Shoot- 
in  j^  Club. 

Mr.  Malin  married  in  lS(i2  Miss  Helle  L.  Ows- 
lev,  of  Marion  county,  Missouri.   They  have  six 


JAMES    D.    MALIN. 


478 


o[,n  AND  NEW  ST.  i.ours. 


LKBRKCirr,  Joiix  Charlks,  was  born  in  Si. 
L,ouis  on  July  28,  1859,  his  parents  being  Dr. 
John  and  Louisa  (Ludwig)  Lebrecht.  After 
receiving  a  classical  education  in  the  St.  Louis 
University,  he  graduated  from  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  College  in  1><S2  and  innnedialely 
entered  upon  the  practice  of  the  medical  pro- 
fession, for  which  his  natural  taste  and  training 
had  fitted  him.  He  also  followed  in  the  foot- 
steps of  his  grandfather,  his  father,  and  his 
uncle  (Dr.  Charles  V.  F.  Ludwig),  each  of 
whom  had  established  an  enviable  reputation 
in  the  same  calling;  and  it  would  certainly 
appear  as  though  the  subject  of  this  sketch  liad 
inherited  professional  abilit\'  from  both  branches 
of  the  ancestral  tree. 

Dr.  John  Ivebreclit,  the  father  of  the  ph\-sician 
who  is  now  so  popular  in  St.  Louis,  died  Decem- 
ber 4,  liSii,').  He  had  been  surgeon  in  the  army, 
and  was  the  first  curator  of  the  O' Fallon  Dis- 
pensary, and  assistant  to  Professor  Pope. 

On  October  21,  1.S84,  Dr.  J.  C.  Lebrecht 
married  Miss  ALitilda  Cornet,  the  charming 
daughter  tif  HL-nry  Cornet,  the  retired  whole- 
sale merchant,  and  one  of  the  prominent  vocal- 
ists of  St.  Louis.  The  Doctor  is  a  member  of 
the  St.  Louis  Medical  and  the  Mississippi  \'al- 
ley  Medical  societies,  as  well  as  of  the  Ancient 
Order  of  United  Workmen,  Knights  of  Pythias, 
Treubund,  Turners,  and  several  singing  socie- 
ties. In  i)olitics  he  is  a  Republican  from 
])rinciple,  and  has  always  been  prominently 
identified  with  the  interests  of  his  party. 

Although  kept  very  busy  by  a  large  and  ever 
increasing  practice,  he  nevertheless  finds  time  to 
spend  a  week  or  two  each  fall  amongst  the  wilds 
of  Arkansas  or  ,Southea.st  Missouri,  where  he 
recuperates  himself  by  hunting  and  fishing. 

The  Doctor  is  at  ])resent  located  at  1401 
Olive  street,  and  has  latterly  devoted  special  at- 
tention to  di.seases  of  women  and  children.  In 
this  specialty  he  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  safest 
and  most  reliable  practitioners  in  the  West. 

Langenberg,  Frederick  J.,  son  of  Casper 
H.  and  Elizabeth  (Koch)  Langenberg,  who 
came  to  this  country  from  Germanv  in  1885,  was 


born  in  (kisconatle  county,  .Missouri,  July  ^ll, 
1^51.  His  early  education  he  received  at  honu', 
and  he  subsequentK-  attended  liryaut  ^  >Stral- 
ton's  College,  in  St.  Louis. 

His  first  introduction  to  connnercial  life  was 
unfortunate,  for,  si.x  mouths  after  securing  a 
position  in  the  Eagle  Woolen  Mills,  the  firm 
failed.  Young  Langenlierg  was  then  seventeen 
years  of  age,  and  he  returned  to  college  for  a 
few  months'  additional  training.  He  then  se- 
cured employment  in  the  establishment  of 
Oauss,  Hunicke  &  Company,  now  the  Oauss- 
Shelton  Hat  Compan\-,  of  which  well-known 
corporation  he  is  now  secretary.  Like  many  of 
vSt.  Louis'  merchant  princes,  he  commenced  at 
the  bottom  of  the  ladder,  his  first  work  for  the 
llrni,  of  which  he  is  now  a  member,  being  in 
the  capacity  of  an  errand-boy. 

His  employers  soon  saw  that  he  was  cai)able 
of  much  better  work  titan  parcel-carrying  and 
message-delivering,  and  when  he  was  assigned 
to  more  responsible  duties  he  responded  so 
])rom])tly  and  ably  that  his  promotion  was  rai)id. 
In  bSS:^  his  \-alue  to  the  firm  liad  become  so 
great  that  he  was  admitted  into  partnershij). 
Three  years  later  he  was  appointed  secretar\-, 
and  he  has  held  the  position  e\-er  since.  Upon 
liini  naturally  falls  nuich  of  the  routine  w<.)rk  of 
the  large  establishment,  wliile  all  financial  mat- 
ters are  entireh'  in  his  hands.  His  al)ilities  as 
manager  as  well  as  hustler  are  marked,  and  In- 
is  as  hard-working  and  faithful  now  as  ever. 

Mr.  Langenberg  is  a  member  of  the  North 
Presbyterian  Church,  of  which  he  is  also  a 
trustee.  Ha\ing  successfully  solved  the  prob- 
lem of  how  to  make  one's  way  in  the  world 
without  an}'  financial  liacking  in  youth,  he  is 
the  first  to  assist  and  advise  others  who  are 
making  the  struggle  and  finding  out  the  secrets. 
He  is  a  warm  friend  of  the  young  employes  of 
his  house,  and  occupies  a  very  honorable  posi- 
tion in  society. 

He  married  in  1875  IMiss  Annie  Ten  Broek, 
and  has  had  five  children,  four  of  whom  are 
living.  These  are:  Edna  A.,  Roy  T.,  Grace 
and  Lois.  Another  daughter,  Bessie,  died 
November  1,  1891. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


479 


Croxk,  Christophkr,  was  born  in  Germany 
in  l.SK),  and  came  to  this  country  when  twenty 
years  of  age,  settling  in  St.  Louis  in  the  memor- 
able year  of  1849,  during  the  time  of  the  great 
flood  and  ravage  of  the  Asiatic  cholera.     Mr. 


took  hold  of  Hyde  Park  and  had  it  so  improved 
and  beautified  in  a  few  years  that  it  gained  a 
national  reputation  as  one  of  the  finest  parks  in 
America. 

In  18(>S,  when  the  Bremen  Savings  Bank  was 


Crone  started   a  small  grocery  store  on  Second  organized,  Mr.  Crone  was  one  of  its  incorporators 

between  Olive  and  Locust  streets,  which  he  con-  and  directors,  and  became  president  upon  the 

timied  until  l'S.')(),  when,  in  partnership  with  Mr.  death  of  Mr.  ^larshall   Brotherton,  who  was  its 

William  Herbkesmann,   he  opened  up  a  large  first  president. 

grocery  store  on  North  Broadway  near  Mallinck-  About  the  year  18i')7  Mr.  Crone,  together  with 

rodt    street.       This    proved    a    great    financial  Archibald  Carr  and  others,  under  City  Ordinance 


success,  and  was 
continued  until  the 
death  of  .Mr.  Herb- 
kesnuinn. 

Mr.  Crone  then 
opened  a  new  and 
much  larger  store  on 
Broadway  nearSalis- 
bury  street,  which 
he  carried  on  as  a 
first-class  family 
grocery,  in  both 
fancy  and  staple 
groceries,  and  en- 
joyed the  finest  trade 
at  that  time  in  North 
.Si.  Louis.  In  about 
the  year  IS.") 7  he 
transferred  his  gro- 
cery business  to 
Charles  and  Ilerniau 
Obrock,  two  faith- 
ful employes,  and 
entered  the  omnibus 


CUklSTOI'HKR    CRONE. 


No.  H77W,  approved 
January  2!',  1857, 
organized  and  estab- 
lished the  Maguire 
Market  on  North 
Broadway,  in  what 
was  known  as  the 
old  Tenth  Ward. 

Mr.  Crone  always 
was  a  devoted  chris- 
tian and  church  man, 
and  in  about  18t)7 
he,  with  the  assist- 
ance of  the  Rev. 
Frederick  Kopf,  had 
a  new  church  built 
in  Xewliouse  Addi- 
tion for  the  German 
Kvangelical  congre- 
gation, -Mr.  Crone 
d  o  n  a  t  i  n  g  the 
grounds  upon  which 
the  church  was  built 
and  still  stands. 


business,  organizing  the  firm  of  Crone,  Dermon  Mr.  Crone  was  looked  upon  by  his  fellow- 
Si  Company,  running  busses  from  Salisbury  citizens  as  a  clear-headed  and  careful  man,  and 
to  Olive  streets.  He  continued  this  work  until  could  have  had  any  office  in  the  gift  of  tiie 
the  busses  became  absorbed  1)>  the  Broadway  people,  but  would  never  mingle  in  politics,  yet 
line  of  street  cars.  was  ready  at  all  times  with  his  money  and  influ- 
Being  a  man  of  push  and  enterprise,  he  saw  ence  to  push  any  public  enterprise  for  the  benefit 
that  some  one  should  mo\c  in  imblic  affairs  to  of  St.  Louis. 

make   vSi.  Louis   a  niclropolitan    city.      So    he  Mr.   Crone  belonged  to  the   L  O.  O.  F.,  and 

urged  the  city  fathers  to  do  something  towards  was  one  of  the  oldest  members  when  he  died. 

making  and  keeping  up  a  few  public  parks  in  He  held  every  office  of  tru.st  in  the  order  to  which 

the  city,    which   the\'   did,  and   Mr.    Crone  was  lie  belonged,  and  was  well  respected.     He  was  a 

appointed  park  commissioner,  and   innnediately  member  of  the  American  Protestant  Associatiou. 


480 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Rohan,  Philip,  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  but 
was  brous^lit  to  America  l)y  his  parents  when 
two  years  old.  He  was  born  in  County  Kil- 
kenny, February  Ki,  1<S47,  and  is  therefore  yet 
in  the  strength  of  a  vigorous  manhood.  He  is 
the  son  of  James  and  Annie  (Walton)  Rohan, 
his  father  beino;  a  freeholder  of  Ireland.  On 
coming  to  America  the  Rohans  at  once  located 
in  vSt.  Louis,  and  here  Philii),  when  he  was  old 
enough,  attended  the  public  school.  From  this 
school  he  was  entered  at  the  High  School,  and 
here  he  pursued  his 
studies  until  the 
school  was  closed 
through  the  lack  of 
funds  caused  by  the 
war  then  in  progress. 
His  schooling  being 
thus  abruptly  termi- 
nated, he  at  the  age 
of  thirteen  was  ap- 
prenticed to  the  firm 
of  Wm.  H.  Card  & 
C  o  m  p  a  n  y ,  b  o  i  l_e  r 
makers. 

In  istM  \V.  H. 
Card,  the  head  of 
this  business,  died, 
and  this  necessitated 
a  change  in  the  firm, 
which  l^ecame  Alli- 
son &  Rohan, 
Philip's  elder 
brother,  John,  be- 
coming   the    junior 

partner.  In  the  meantime  Philip  had  become 
the  foreman  of  the  shops.  In  1874  on  the  retire- 
ment of  Mr.  Allison,  Philip  and  Michael  Rohan 
became  partners,  the  three  brothers  becoming 
equal  owners.  In  1880  the  rapidly  increasing 
expansion  of  the  business  made  incorporation 
desirable,  and  of  the  new  company  thus  insti- 
tuted Philip  Rohan  became  the  secretarv  and 
treasurer,  an  office  he  yet  holds. 

Rohan  Brothers  send  boilers  into  every  State 
in  the  Union.  Nor  is  the  trade  of  the  companv 
confined  to  the  United  States.     As  an  instance 


of  the  firm's  reputation  al)road  and  its  standing 
among  competitors  at  home,  the  action  of  the 
Russian  Secretary  of  War  might  l)e  cited.  When 
there  was  chance  of  war  Ijctween  Russia  and 
(ireat  P.ritain  over  the  .\fghan  frontier  in  IS.S."), 
an  emissary  of  the  Russian  Secretary  of  \\'ar 
visited  America  to  purchase  vessels  and  arma- 
ments, and  awarded  his  largest  order  for 
machinery  cqui]inicnt  of  vessels  to  llic  Rohan 
I'rothers. 

'Sir.  Rohan's  popularit)-  has  caused  his  friends 

to  lead  him  into  poli- 
tics to  some  extent. 
In  1887  he  was 
elected  to  the  City 
Council,  and  served 
four  years  in  the 
upper  house  of  that 
body,  to  the  great 
benefit  of  his  con- 
stituents. In  l.SS!) 
he  was  nominated 
for  sheriff  on  the 
Democratic  ticket, 
and  although  he 
made  a  noble  race 
the  odds  against  him 
were  too  great.  His 
great  po])nlarity  was 
shown  by  the  fact 
that  in  this  cam- 
paign he  ran  o, ()(•() 
votes  ahead  of  the 
next  highest  man  on 
the  ticket. 
^Ir.  Rohan  is  an  active  member  of  the  Mer- 
cantile Club,  as  well  as  a  leading  worker  in  the 
Boiler  Workers'  A.s.sociation  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  At  the  meeting  of  the  asso- 
ciation in  New  York  in  1888,  he  was  elected 
vice-president  of  that  body. 

In  1S71  he  was  married  to  Miss  Celestine 
Bouderdau,  a  lady  of  French  descent,  a  native 
of  Thibadeauxville,  Louisiana.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Rohan  have  one  child,  James,  a  bright  and 
promising  young  man  who  is  now  attending 
college  at  Munich,  Germany. 


PHILIP  ROHAN. 


niOGRAPinC.  //,  APPENDIX. 


481 


hat  lu- 


SwASKY,  W.   Albert,  son    of  John  B.   and  Mr.  Swasej' prefers  residences  and  club  build- 

Hettie  H.  (Jewett)  Swasey,  was  horn  in  Mel-  ings  to  other  work,  thon<,di  he  has  built  man\ 
bourne,  A\istra!ia,  October  11,  1<S<!H.  That  he  fine  churches,  apartment  houses  and  hotels, 
is  an  .Xustraliau  by  Inrth  is  due  to  IJK' coincidence  Anions  his  finest  residences  maybe  mentioned 
of  a  trip  to  the  island  continent  by  his  parents,  the  those  of  Mr.  Sam']  M.  Kt-nnard  and  W.  K.  Bixbv 
father  havinji^  business  to  see  to  in  that  quarter  in  Portland  place,  and  J.  C.  \'an  Blarcom's  at  the 
of  the  j^lol)c.  Both  his  parents  are  natives  of  corner  of  King's  Highwa>'  and  Westmoreland 
Newburyport,  Massachusetts,  and  are  direct  jjlace.  The  Pastime  .\thletic  Club  will  always 
descendants  from  the  first  settlers,  and  the  ably  represent  his  ability  in  workinj^  out  com- 
name  of  Swasey    is  familiar  amouf;;  the  sons  of      ])licated    requirements    to    a    successful    result. 

las  merited  and  received  a  reward  for 
this  creation  is 
shown  in  the  com- 
missions he  has  re- 
ceived forthree other 
athletic  club  hou.ses 
in  various  parts  of 
the  country,  wiiolly 
because  of  the 
i'astime  building. 

During   the    last 
two    years   of    his 
practice, .Mr.  Swasey 
has  shown  a  decided 
preference  for  colon- 
ial   work,    and   the 
best   exam])les   of 
this  style  in  the  citv 
are   to    be  foniul   in 
his  designs    and    in 
I  he  residences  of  Mr. 
n.    II.    I'eckham, 
Clinton  Rowel! ,  \V. 
C.  ^IcCreery,  Ceorge 
\V.  Niedringliaus, 
W.    1!.    Dean,    F.    W.  Woodwortli,  J.  S.  Fnllcr- 
lon,  .v.  H.  Pirie,  C.    H.   Barney,  C.  A.  Young, 
L.    K.    Collins,    Dr.    J.    (',.   Comstock,    G.    T. 
Riddle,    R.    R.    Hutchinson,   \V.   K\.    Chappell, 
I).   C.    Xugcnl,  J.  L.  (iiover,  and  many  others, 
where  he  has  been  so  successful   liuil  the  resi- 
dences aljove  mentioned  will  alwa\s  be  a  source 


those   who    fought    in    the    Re\()hitionar\    war. 

Mr.  Swasey 's  edu- 
cation, after  his  pri- 
mary teaching,  be- 
gan in  a  military 
boarding  school  in 
Paris,  France,  and 
continued  there  un- 
til the  age  of  four- 
teen, when  he  en- 
tered the  Boston 
Latin  vSchooi,  and 
after  graduating 
there  took  the  full 
architectural  course 
at  the  Institute  of 
Technology  in  Bos- 
ton, graduating  with 
honors  in  the  year 
l.s,S2.  Since  that 
\ear  he  has  studied 
his  professit)u  in  the 
best  New  York  and 
Chicago  offices,  and 
abroad.       In     IHS.^, 

attracted  b\'  llie  building  boom  which  sefnied 
to  be  setting  in  at  St.  Louis,  with  a  demand 
for  the  higher  class  of  architectural  work, 
Mr.  Swasey  came  to  the  cit\-  and  entered  into 
partnership  with  Mr.  Chas.  K.  Ramsey,  the 
firm,  Ramsey  .S:  Swa.sey,  existing  for  two  years. 
On  its  dissolution  Mr.  Swasey  continued  archi- 
tectural practice  alone,  aiul  (hiring  tiie  last  seven  of  pleasure  and  pride  to  their  owners  as  well 
years    has   earned  a   reputation  for  which  many      as  the  people  of  St.  Louis. 

professional    men    have   labored   a  (|narler  of  a  -Mr.  Swasey   married    in    October,  l^HO,  Miss 

centurv    in    vain,    his    position,   professionally,      Irene  McXeal,  of  Tennessee.      He  has  one  sou, 
beiui;  at  the  lop.  McNeal,  and  one  daughter,  Irene  Swasey. 

31 


W  .     Mill  KM     S\\  Asm  . 


482 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Swii-T,  Wii.i.iA.M  IIkxry,  a  mail  truly  rep- 
resentative of  the  American  spirit  and  of  the 
West,  was  t)orn  in  Cayuga  countv,  Xew  York, 
March  27,  l.s;52.  As  his  father,  Joseph  P.  Swift, 
was  sheriff  of  the  county,  an  intimate  personal 
friend  of  Millard  Fillmore,  Judge  Conklin  and 
other  Whig  leaders  of  the  State,  it  may  readily 
be  understood  that  the  eminence  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  has  attained  in  politics  and  civic 
affairs  was  due  almost  as  nuich  to  an  inherited 
tendency  in  this  direction  as  to  the  operation  of 
environment  upon  his  character.  His  robust 
Americanism,  amounting  almost  to  a  passion,  is 
accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  his  paternal 
ancestors  came  to  this  country  in  1()44,  and 
landed  at  Caj)e  Cod,  while  his  maternal  ancest- 
ors, the  Stodards,  reached  the  land  of  liberty 
early  in  the  seventeenth  centur}'.  With  the 
early  histor)-  of  St.  Louis  the  ancestors  of  Mr. 
Swift  were  conspicuously  identified,  a  Major 
Amos  Stodard,  his  mother's  uncle,  having  been 
in  command  of  the  post  of  St.  Louis  when  the 
Territory  of  Louisiana  was  ceded,  not  without 
regret  upon  the  part  of  the  Corsican,  to  the 
United  States. 

Mr.  Swift's  schooling  was  not  of  that  exhaust- 
ive character  that  as  often  impedes  as  promotes 
intellectual  development.  His  attendance  at  the 
public  schools  was  of  brief  duration,  for  in 
early  life  the  glamour  around  the  newspaper 
j)rofession,  its  opportunities  for  practical  educa- 
tion, its  putting  one  in  touch  direct  with  the 
whole  world,  attracted  him,  and  serving  an  ap- 
prenticeship in  the  office  of  the  Anbitni  Adver- 
tiser^ published  at  Auburn,  Xew  York,  learned 
at  the  case  the  wisdom  of  the  world,  and  gathered 
an  education  in  wdiich  theory  was  subordinated 
to  practice.  Having  mastered  "the  art  pre- 
servative" he,  like  all  the  sons  of  Faust  and 
Gutenberg,  had  his  -a'anderjahre.,  and  it  was  a 
long  one.  He  set  type  in  all  the  cities  of  the 
East  and  South,  and  earned  a  hand.some  liveli- 
hood while  seeing  his  country  taking  its  first 
great  forward  strides,  and  studying  the  forces 
that  were  later  to  precipitate  the  cataclysm  of 
Mil  to  '(ia.  In  the  year  18.50  he  found  himself 
in  St.  Louis,  then  in  its  first  golden  age,  revel- 


ing in  the  wealth  that  came  to  it  by  reason  of 
the  passage  through  it  of  the  wonderful  caravans 
of  the  .\rgonauts  in  search  of  another  golden 
fleece.  He  set  type  on  all  the  larger  papers  and, 
by  reason  of  his  skill,  was  made  foreman  of  the 
State  Journal y  in  which  venture  he  also  acquired 
an  interest.  The  pajier  for  some  years  li\-ed  to 
"  fill  a  long-felt  want,"  but  finally  succumlied, 
published  its  Dying  Swan  editorial  and  tilled 
an  untimeh-  grave. 

-Vbandouing  the  "case"  and  "stick,"  Mr. 
Swift  took  up  the  pencil,  and  he  is  next  found 
as  city  editor  of  the  St.  Louis  Dispatch,  where, 
within  a  \'ery  short  time  his  e.\ecuti\'e  skill,  his 
ability  as  a  writer,  and  his  sagacity  in  ])ublic 
affairs,  raised  him  to  the  supreme  position  of 
editor-in-chief.  The  spirit  of  unrest  that  marked 
the  old-time  journalist  was  strong  in  him,  and 
the  next  step  in  his  career  was  the  acceptance 
of  the  control  of  the  commercial  and  financial 
dei^artments  on  the  Rcptiblicau^  which  has  since 
been  changed  into  the  St.  Louis  Republic. 

.\fter  the  four  years  of  particularly  striking 
work,  and  the  demonstration  of  a  strong  journal- 
istic instinct,  joined  with  a  strong  character, 
Mr.  Swift  came  to  the  same  conclusion  as  the 
eminent  Frenchman  who  said,  "Journalism 
leads  to  an\'thing,  if  one  quits  it  in  time."  He 
was  personall}'  known  to  everv  business  man  in 
St.  Louis,  and  to  every  politician  and  statesman 
in  city  and  State.  He  was  popular,  and  when 
he  let  it  be  known  that  he  would  like  to  be  clerk 
of  the  City  Council,  the  office  immediately  got 
out  and  ga\'e  the  man  such  a  liveh'  chase  that 
it  caught  up  with  him.  He  held  the  place  for 
two  years,  as  that  place  was  never  held  before 
nor  since.  He  was  an  official  whose  forte  seemed 
to  be  omniscience.  He  was  the  parliamentary 
arbiter,  the  legal  adviser,  the  strategist,  the 
genius  of  the  body,  and  the  political  skill  he 
had  inherited  from  his  ancestors,  as  well  as  the 
marvelous  judgment  of  human  nature  he  had 
acquired  in  his  journeyman  travels,  made  him 
first  an  indispensable  subordinate,  and  then  a 
leader  of  wonderful  astuteness.  He  was  not 
turned  from  his  purpose  to  win  a  fortune  b\'  liis 
political  successes,  and,  an  opportunity  present- 


-^^-z/v 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


483 


ing  itself,  he  entered  into  partnershij)  willi  Jere- 
miali  Fniin,  a  prominent  contractor,  who  was 
soon  made  aware  of  the  fact  that  he  had  secured 
an  associate  invahiableinthesecuringof  immense 
contracts  and  in  the  manipulation,  witliout 
friction,  of  an  army  of  employes  not  alwa\s  the 
most  tractable. 

After  some  years  the  partners  in  the  contract- 
ingbnsiness,  ^Messrs.  Fruin,  Bambrick  and  Swift, 
formed  a  corporation,  under  the  title:  "The 
iMuin-Hambrick  Construction  Company,"  of 
which  Mr.  Swift  is  now  president,  and  which  is 
known  all  o\-er  the  United  States  as  a  concern 
whose  financial  solidity  is  only  part  of  its  fame, 
for  its  undertakings  are  always  carried  out  in 
got)d  faith  and  to  the  satisfaction  of  all  with 
whom  it  has  dealings.  In  politics,  as  well  as  in 
business,  Mr.  Swift  has  an  enviable  reputation 
for  s(|uare  dealing.  lie  has  never  Ijeen  identi- 
fied with  the  disreputable  features  of  political 
macli illations,  and  his  code  of  ethics  has  made 
him  respected,  even  by  representatives  of  dis- 
reputable politics,  whose  more  glaring  and 
meretricious  successes  may  have,  from  time  to 
time,  eclipsed  the  steadv  and  clean  brilliancy  of 
his  methods.  He  has  alwavs  been  faithful  to 
his  friends,  and  as  magnanimous  as  consistency 
will  admit  of  ti)  his  foes.  In  social  life  he  is  a 
man  welcome  in  all  comjKUiies  wherein  intelli- 
gence is  an  indispensalde  attribute  of  agree- 
abilit\-.  Ilis  literary  skill  and  his  experience 
in  the  world  make  him  a  charming  com])anion. 
His  wit  is  iiiinl)le  and  his  linmor  kindly.  In  all 
the  minor  offices  of  life  he  is  a  man  of  deep  and 
broad  sympathy.  He  holds  his  wealth,  without 
Oui.Kotisin,  in  trust  for  the  less  fortunate  of  his 
lellows,  and  his  hand  has  a  cunning  in  charit)' 
that  evades  the  gaze  of  the  world  in  its  opera- 
tions. In  his  domestic  relations  Mr.  Swift  is 
one  of  the  happiest  of  men.  Surrounded  by  a 
family  llial  lo\es  him,  he  is  passing  the  evening 
of  his  days  in  a  manner  that  demonstrates  the 
uprightness  of  his  life,  and  that  he  has  earned  a 
green  old  age.  His  son,  Roswell  \\.  Swift,  is 
an  eininently  successful  young  business  man, 
and  reproduces  in  his  character  all  tiie  .strong, 
as  well  as  the  kindly,  traits  of  his  father. 


Meier,  Ernest  Frederick  William,  beg;m 
his  business  career  in  St.  Louis  as  a  clerk  in  a 
retail  grocery;  to-day  he  is  the  proprietor  of 
one  of  the  largest  wholesale  glass  and  queers- 
ware  houses  in  the  West,  and  this  briefly  tells 
his  business  success.  He  is  the  son  of  FVederick 
and  Sophia  Meier,  and  was  born  Xo\ember  li}, 
l>i;:51,  in  the  Province  of  Westphalia,  Prussia. 
His  native  place  had  excellent  schools,  and  to 
the.se  young  Finest  was  sent  until  his  eighteenth 
year,  in  which  he  came  to  find  a  new  home  in 
.\merica,  and  locating  in  St.  Louis,  as  before 
stated,  secured  a  position  as  clerk  in  a  retail 
grocery.  ,Subscquently  he  was  employed  as  a 
saksinan,  both  in  wholesale  and  retail  clothing 
stores,  and  thus  gained  considerable  knowledge 
of  that  business.  He  was  both  industrious  and 
economical,  and  eight  years  after  he  reached 
St.  Louis  his  inlegrit\-  and  industry  had  so  far 
gained  him  confidence  of  certain  business  men 
that  he  was  enabled  to  embark  in  business  for 
himself.  Securing  a  partner  in  the  person  of  Mr. 
Westermann,  he  opened  a  glass  and  queensware 
store,  under  the  firm  name  of  Westermann  & 
Meier.  The  business  constantly  expanded, 
unlil  is.si,  when  Mr.  Westermann  retired.  Mr. 
^leier  assumed  the  entire  control.  The  business 
in  the  meantime  had  grown  to  such  proportions 
that  more  extensive  quarters  were  made  neces- 
sary, and  the  stock  was  accordingly  removed  to 
the  premi.ses  at  r)ll  and  TilH  North  Main  street, 
where  he  now  carries  forward  a  wliolesale  glass 
and  queensware  business  on  a  very  large  scale, 
doing  more  business,  perhaps,  than  any  similar 
hou.se  in  the  West,  its  wares  being  known  to  tiie 
farthest  trade  limits  of  St.  Louis. 

It  is  not  in  the  business  world  alone  that  he 
is  highly  esteemed;  his  rejiutation  as  a  man  i>f 
character,  distinguished  by  the  soundest  princi- 
ples, is  general.  Mr.  Meier  has  done  his  city 
valuable  service  in  an  official  capacity,  doing 
such  work  as  a  dnt\',  not  as  a  step  to  subserve 
.  self-interest  or  to  gratify  a  ])er.sonal  aml^ition. 
Moved  by  these  impulses,  lie  became  a  candidate 
for  the  House  of  Delegates  during  the  adminis- 
tration of  Mayor  F^wiiig,  ably  representing  the 
FHeventh  Ward,  then  known  as  the  Twenty-first. 


484 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


He  made  such  an  excellent  delegate,  that  subse-  hands  of  the  treasurer,  and  it  is,  perhaps,  in 
quent  to  the  expiration  of  his  first  term  he  was  this  ofllice  that  Mr.  Meier's  sterling  ability 
elected  to  the  Upper  House.  His  course  in  office  and  virtues  have  been  best  displayed.  He 
was  marked  by  conservatism,  and  no  considera- 
tion whatever  could  sway  him  from  a  course  he 
knew  to  be  right.  livery  c|ucstion  on  which  he 
was  callad  to  act  met  from  him  the  fullest  inves- 
tigation. He  was  both  able  and  fearless,  and 
never  allowed  political  prejudice  to  interfere 
with  his  judgment  in  his  consideration  of  pub- 
lic matters.  Few  men  of  strong  character  and 
pronounced  views  on 


has  handled  the  moue\-  of  thirteen  synodical 
districts  in  a  manner  that  jiroves  him  to  be 
a  thorough  financier,  and  since  he  has  held 
the  office  upward  of  a  million  dollars  have 
passed  through  his  hands,  e\'ery  dollar  of 
which  has  been  scrupulously  accounted  for 
and  apjjlied  to  the  best  advantage.  Every 
luembev  (if  the  Synod  recognizes  the  fact  that 

he  is  invaluable    to 


almost  every  ques- 
tion can  subject  their 
political  opinions  to 
public  duty,  and 
that  Mr.  Meier  was 
strong  enough  to  do 
this,  makes  known 
the  fact  that  he  is 
possessed  of  the  first 
principle  of  genuine 
statesmanship. 

Mr.  Meier  has  held 
many  positions  of 
trust  and  honor, 
among  the  most  im- 
portant of  which  was 
a  directorship  of  the 
Mullanphy  Board  , 
and  the  treasurership 
of  the  German  I^ulh- 
eran  Synod.  In  Jul)-, 
1887,  he  was  elected 
a    member    of    the 

Mullanphy  Board,  but  resigned  a  year  afterward, 
as  he  was  not  in  entire  harmony  with  the  other 
members  of  the  board  relative  to  several  reforms 
he  felt  it  necessary  to  inaugurate.  He  is  a  most 
valuable  and  influential  member  of  the  German  Paul,  Minnesota,  while  Louisa  and  Pauline  are 
Lutheran  Synod,  and  for  more  than  twenty  years  also  married,  their  husbands  being  brothers, 
has  been  the    trusted    treasurer   of  that    body,      who  live  in  Chicago. 

This    is    a    most    responsible    position,  as    the  The    family    is    an    exceedingly    happy    and 

Synod  embraces  thirty-one  States  and  Territo-  interesting  one,  and  the  children  are beingtrained 
ries,  and  has  under  its  control  the  schools  of  to  follow  the  same  rules  of  probity  and  industry 
this  vast  territory.  For  this  reason  an  im-  which  have  made  their  father  not  only  prosper- 
mense    amount    of    money   jjasses  through  the      ous  but  highly  respected  among  his  associates 


ERNEST    FREDERICK  WILLIAM  MEIER. 


the  church,  and 
])rays  that  his  life 
may  be  long  spared 
to  carry  forward  the 
good  work,  as  they 
feel  that  in  case  of 
his  death  it  would  be 
almost  impossible  to 
secure  a  man  for  the 
place  who  could  do 
the  work  with  such 
ability,  and  in  whom 
they  could  place  such 
entire  and  unquali- 
fied confidence. 

InApril,lHo.s,.Mr. 
.Meier  was  married  to 
Miss  Louisa  Lange, 
a  resident  of  this  city. 
Nine  children  have 
been  born  to  them, 
two  of  whom  died 
when    very     j-oung. 


The  names  of  the  seven  children  living  are: 
.\lbert,  Otilie,  Louisa,  Pauline,  Frederick, 
.\lexander  and  Arthur.  Of  these,  Otilie  is  now 
the  wife  of  a  Lutheran  minister  located  at  St. 


PyTOGRAPirTCAI.  APPRNDIX. 


485 


and    fellow-men   of   all    races  and   creeds.      Mr.  by  the  fact  that  from  the  time  that  the  trust  was 

iMeicr's   life  is  in  itself  a  mat^nificent  instance  first  committed  to  him  nntil   he  left  them  to  go 

of  the   trnth  of  the  proverb  that  honesty  is  the  into  bnsine.ss  for  himself  (a  period  of  five  years), 

best  policy.  he  .still  continued  to  do  their  buying.      During 

hi.s  connection  with  the  firm,  Deere,  Mansur  & 

Stkvkxs,  Alpha  Tvlkr,  was  born   in   Haiti-  Comjiany    di.ssolved,    and    Mansur  &  Tebbetts 

more,   Maryland,   August  4,    1<S(;().      He   is   the  Implement  Company  was  organized,  and  when 

son   of   (ieorge  O.  and    Rebecca    R.  (Tebbetts)  he   left  the  la.st   named  companv  in  the  fall  of 

Stevens,    of    that    place.      During   his  younger  l''~'!»<l,  it  was  to  the  sincere  and  expressed  regret 

years  he  attended  the  public  schools  of  his  na-  of  his  employers,  for  not  only  did  thev  dislike 

tive  city,  and  afterwards  took  a  finishing  course  to  lose  him  on  account  of  his  ability  as  a  busi- 


at  the  Haiti  m  ore 
City  College.  At  the 
age  of  seventeen  he 
went  to  work  in  his 
father's  office  as 
book-keeper,  which 
position  he  filled 
with  entire  satisfac- 
tion until  !««'>,  when 
Deere,  Mansur  iS: 
Comi^any,  of  this 
city,  needing  a  good 
man  in  their  order 
department,  made 
him  an  offer  that  he 
could  not  afford  to 
decline.  So  he  came 
west,  and  has  since 
looked  upon  this  as 
his  first  step  towards 
fortune.  He  did  not 
remain  in  the  order 
deiKirlnu-ul  long,  be- 
ing soon  made  bill- 


ALI'HA    T.  STEVENS. 


ness  man,  but  they 
also  hated  to  lose  a 
man  who,  though 
still  young,  had  been 
in  their  employ  for 
ten  years,  and  with 
whom  their  relations 
had  always  been  so 
pleasant. 

November  1,  l<s;)(>, 
Mr.  Stevens,  in  com- 
pany with  Mr.  C.  H. 
vSchurcman  and  Mr. 
William  C.  Al)bott, 
organized  the  Ste- 
\ens-Schure  man 
Maiuifacturing  Com- 
pany— Mr.  Stevens, 
president  —  which 
comi)an>-  was  incor- 
porated under  the 
laws  of  the  State  of 
Missouri.  Mr.  Ste- 
vens was  a  member 


clerk,  and  from  that  was  promoted  to  the  posi-  of  the  original  syndicate  who  in   li^f<-l  laid  out 

tion  of  correspondent  and  salesman,  waiting  on  the    pretty  suburb,  Clifton  Heights,   where  he 

all  customers  who  came  to  the  city  store  to  do  now  resides.     He  is  an  official  member  of  the 

their  buying,  and  .soon  .so  proficient  did  he  be-  Clifton  Heights  Methodist-Kpiscopal  Church, 
come  that  many  of  their  be.st  customers  would  He  was  married,  May  !••,  IHSS,  to  Miss  An- 

iusisl  on   l)eiiig  waited  upon   b\   him   as   he    en-  nie  .V.  Schureman,  of  this  city.      Two  chiklren 

joyed   their    fullest    confidence,      .\fter    he    had  have  been  liorn — Paul  and  Rebecca. 
been   in   the  emi)lo\-  of   Deere,   Mansur  .S:  Com- 
pany for  ^wt::  years,  he  had  so  advanced   in   the  K.R.\r.ss.  John,  was  born  in  the  year  18;W,  in 

confidence  of  his  employers  that  much  of  the  (irafensteinberg,    Mittelfranken,    Bavaria,    and 

buying   was    entrusted    to  him,   and    that  they  he  was  educated  at  local  .schools  until  he  at- 

fouud  their  confidence  not  misplaced  is  proven  tained  the  age  of  thirteen  and  one-half  years, 


486 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


when  he  coniinenced  to  learn  tlic  blacksniithin^ 
trade  with  his  brother  (ieorjje.  He  continned 
for  three  years  at  this  work,  and  in  ISfjO  left  the 
old  conntry  and  emigrated  to  America.  He 
stayed  for  a  short  time  in  New  York  City,  and, 
after  visiting  Rnffalo,  Detroit  and  other  cities, 
he  obtained  employment  at  Saginaw,  Michigan. 
His  first  experiences  in  the  New  World  were 
not  verv  enconraging,  and  during  the  winter  he 
walked  to  Detroit,  where  he  obtained  employ- 
ment in  Windsor,  Canada,  and  snbseqnentl\-  in 
the  G  e  n  d  r  i  c  k  s 
fonndry.  In  l.S."):>, 
^Ir.  Krauss  moved 
to  Chicago,  where  he 
was  employed  for 
two  years  in  the  Mer- 
kan  car  shops. 

Ill  IS.").")  Mr.Kranss 
came  to  St.  Lonis, 
and  obtained  a  posi- 
tion in  the  Wash- 
ington P  h  ce  n  i  .\ 
fonndry.  Two  years 
later,  in  bSiiT,  he 
moved  to  Caronde- 
let,  where  he  was 
appointed  first  black- 
smith for  upwards  of 
nine  years,  with  the 
e.xcei^tionof  the  time 
he  spent  as  a  soldier 
during  the  war.  He 
rose  from  the  rank 
of  a  recruit  to  or- 
derly sergeant,  and  was  detailed  to  remain  in 
the  shops  and  to  protect  the  bridges  and  shops, 
if  necessary. 

Being  of  a  saving  disposition,  ^Ir.  Krauss  was 
soon  in  a  position  to  start  in  business  for  him- 
self. He  purchased  a  blacksmith  shop  and  held 
it  for  a  few  months,  during  which  time  he  so 
reorganized  and  improved  it  that  he  was  able  to 
sell  out  at  a  ver^-  snl)stantial  profit. 

During  the  years  iNiw  and  18(i8  he  earned 
quite  a  record  for  himself  by  boring  the  now 
celebrated  artesian  well  at  the  County  Asylum, 


JOHN    kRAtSii. 


to  the  great  dcptli  of  .■'>,84.")  feet.  .\t  the  same 
period  he  actpiired  a  large  interest  in  the  Caron- 
delet  Zinc  Works,  of  which  he  was  ajipoiulcd 
managing  director,  and  subsequently  treasurer. 
When  the  Carondelet  vSavings  I'>ank  sns]icnded, 
the  zinc  works  were  sold,  and  Mr.  Krauss,  wlu) 
was  bondsman  for  the  shcrilfs  and  cniislables, 
lost  a  large  proportion  of  his  hard-earned  money. 
Just  about  the  same  time  he  sustained  a  heavy 
loss  in  connection  witli  the  Klausman  Brewery. 
He  had  i)aid  as  much   as    $.')(!, ()()()  for  beer  from 

this  establishment 
during  ten  \ears, 
and  on  the  f;iilure  of 
the  brewery  he  was 
pra  c  t  i  cal  ly  com- 
pelled to  purchase  it 
for  S.")(),0()()  to  pro- 
tect his  own  inter- 
ests. He  managed 
t  h  e  institution  s  o 
carefnlh'  and  well 
that  its  value  soon 
increased  to  an 
enormous  extent,  and 
after  he  had  held  it 
lor  about  twel\'e 
years  he  sold  it  to 
the  ,St.  Louis  ISrew- 
ing  .\ssociation  for 
s(;.')(),()(U),  thus  ac- 
([uiring  a  splendid 
fortune  out  of  what 
had  been  in  the  first 
place  a  forced  ])ur- 
chase.  Among  the  prominent  enterpri.ses  of 
Carondelet  that  .Mr.  Krauss  has  organized  and 
promoted  to  a  standard  of  excellenc\-  may  be 
mentioned  the  Southern  Commercial  and  Sav- 
ings Bank  of  Carondelet,  of  which  he  is  pres- 
ident. He  is  president  of  the  Carondelet  Klec- 
tric  Light  and  Power  Company,  of  which  he 
was  principal  incorporator  and  stockholder;  of 
the  Walker  Manufacturing  Company;  of  the 
Carondelet  ^Milling  Company;  of  the  Carondelet 
Home  Mutual  In.surance  Company;  and  of  the 
Krauss  Improvement  and  Investment  Company. 


gfTJ^". 

^Mm'^    i 

BTOCRAPHICAI.  APPENDIX. 


487 


Mr.  Krauss  married  in  June,  IJ^'Hi,  Miss  Mary 
Stoiniiiel,  and  has  one  son  and  tliree  danj^litcrs. 
It  is  a  matter  of  great  pride  to  Mr.  Kranss  tliat 
liis  children  are  anionj^  the  strono-est  and  finest 
to  l)e  found  in  any  part  of  the  c<)untry. 

Hl'NiCKr:,  RoBKRT,  is  of  Cierman  paientajje, 
altlion^h  l)()rn  in  this  conntry,  at  Peoria,  Illi- 
nois, October  15,  185;5.  His  father,  William 
Hnnicke,  was  a  native  of  Bremen.  His  mother, 
Kmmy  (Angelrodt)  Hunicke,  was  a  member  of 
one  of  the  oldest  and 
most  prominent  Ger- 
man families  in  St. 
Lonis,  her  father, 
.Mr.  I-;.  C.  Angelrodt, 
having  served  for 
several  years  as  Ger- 
man consiil. 

Tliesnbject  of  this 
sketch  attended  the 
Washington  I'nixer- 
sit\-  of  ,Sl.  Lonis  up 
to  his  seventeenth 
\ear,  when  he  en- 
gaged in  tlic  com- 
mission business 
with  his  father, 
where  lie  remained 
for  two  \cars,  when 
he  accepted  the  posi- 
tion of  assistant 
teller  and  discount 
clerk  in  the  United 
States  Savings  Insti- 
tution of  .St.  Louis,  which  position  he  was  forced 
to  reliuiiuisli  after  three  years,  on  account  of  ill 
health. 

Several  months'  rest  at  the  northern  lakes  .so 
far  restored  him  to  health  that  in  ^[ay,  l''^7.'),  he 
entered  the  employ  of  the  I-'an  Claire  Lumber 
Company,  remaining  with  them  up  to  their 
removal  from  .St.  Ivouis,  and  advancing  step  by 
stej)  until  during  the  last  three  years  of  their 
stav  in  St.  Louis  he  held  the  important  and 
responsible  position  of  manager  of  their  branch 
vard  at  I'ourteeuth  street  and  Cass  avenue. 


ROBERT  HUNICKE. 


He  then  determined  to  strike  out  for  himself, 
and  in  LSSS  he  purchased  the  branch  yard. 
.Since  then  he  has  built  up  the  business  and  con- 
ducted the  rapidly  growing  trade  that  he  now 
enjoys,  and  no  m;ui  in  the  lumber  trade  is  more 
conversant  with  the  business  in  its  different 
ramifications,  his  training  while  with  the  Eau 
Claire  Lumber  Company,  under  Mr.  Richard 
.Schulenbnrg,  having  afforded  him  c\erv  O])por- 
tunity  to  manage  the  details  of  the  business. 
His  domestic  relations  areof  the  most  pleasant, 

and  at  his  beautiful 
home  at  Glendale,  a 
suburb  of  St.  Louis, 
the  surroundings  are 
all  that  a  man  of  Mr. 
H  u  n  i  c  k  e '  s  taste 
could  desire. 

Mr.  Hunicke  was 
married  b'ebruary 
L>L',  ISSO,  to  :Miss 
M  i  n  n  i  e  Clark,  of 
Springfield,  ^lis- 
souri.  They  have 
three  child  re  n — 
Pan  1  August ,  Robert , 
Jr.,  and  K  m  m  y 
P'rances,  aged  re- 
spectively thirteen, 
seven  and  two  years. 
In  his  ]iri\ate  life 
Mr.  Hnnicke  is  as 
hapi)y  as  he  is  suc- 
cessful in  his  busi- 
ness operations. 
Riri.i-.nc.i:,  Ruhkrt.  —  There  are  very  few 
men  in  St.  Louis  who  were  born  west  of  Mi.s- 
.souri,  l)ut  Robert  Rntledge,  the  subject  of  this 
.sketch,  has  that  distinction,  having  been  born 
at  Gold  Hill,  P:idorado  county, California,  March 
4,  l.s.")?,  and  is,  therefore,  thirty-six  years  of  age. 
His  father,  lidward  Rntledge,  caught  the  pre- 
vailing gold  fever  in  the  early  fifties,  when  men 
rushed  to  California  from  every  part  of  the  globe. 
Robert's  mother,  whose  maiden  name  was  Eliza- 
beth Wray,  could  not  consent  to  the  years  of 
separation  which  she  knew  her  husbaud'sdepart- 


488 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


lire  for  the  o^old  coast  meant,  and,  therefore, 
insisted  on  acconiiianyino;  him.  I'or  this  and 
other  reasons,  the  elder  Rntledgedid  not  attempt 
the  hardships  and  dangers  of  an  overland  jonr- 
ney,  bnt  made  the  trip  by  the  way  of  the  isth- 
mns,  which,  in  that  day,  althongh  the  safer 
rente,  was  not  withont  its  hardships  and  jierils. 
On  reaching  California  the  elder  Rntledge 
engaged  in  mining,  a  bnsiness  he  followed  with 
varying  success  for  a  nnmber  of  )ears,  and  it 
was  while  he  was  pursning  this  avocation  at 
Gold  Hill  that  Rob- 
ert was  born. 

The  lad  recei\'ed 
his  education  in  the 
common  schools  of 
California,  attend- 
ing them  nntil  about 
sixteen  years  of 
age.  When  seven- 
teen years  old,  or  in 
1«74,  he  left  Cali- 
fornia for  St.  Louis, 
and  on  reaching  this 
city  secured  employ- 
ment with  the  real 
estate  firm  of  S.  I). 
Porter  &  Compam-. 
During  the  following 
six  years  he  acted  as 
the  chief  lieutenant 
of  this  firm,  being 
in      constant    touch 


liave  applied  both  brains  and  energy  to  the  con- 
duct of  their  linsiness.  The  linn  buys,  sells  and 
rents  real  estate  and  houses,  negotiates  loans 
and  acts  as  a  collector  of  rents.  They  re])re- 
sent  one  of  the  oldest  real  estate  firms  in  St. 
Louis,  as  the  business  which  they  now  manage 
has  lieen  in  existence  uearK'  half  a  century. 
Mr.  Rntledge  is  accounted  one  of  the  best  versed 
men  in  matters  pertaining  to  real  estate  in  the 
cit\-  of  ,St.  Louis. 

He   is   a   student  of   all  the  conditions   which 

surround  and  enter 
into  that  business, 
and  his  iudgment  in 
such  matters  is  sel- 
dom at  fault.  In 
his  business  affairs 
his  actions  is  mark- 
ed with  ])rogressive- 
iiess,  but  at  the  same 
time  he  is  imbued 
with  a  conservatism 
which  never  allows 
his  progressiveness 
to  take  him  into  the 
field  of  wild  and  un- 
certain speculation. 
He  is  ])i)])ular  in- 
side of  his  profession 
as  well  as  out  of  it, 
and  his  urbanity  and 
affahilit\-  ha\x'  ojier- 
ated    largeh-  to  ex- 


with  real  estate  af- 
fairs, and  not  neg- 
lecting to  learn  all  that  he  could  from  the  oppor- 
tunities offered.  His  employers,  realizing  his 
disposition  to  become  a  thorough  real  estate 
man,  and  considering  his  value  as  such,  made 
him  a  member  of  the  firm  in  LS<SO.  Another 
change  in  the  personnel  of  the  company  took 
place  four  years  later,  or  in  1884,  when,  Mr. 
Porter  desiring  to  retire,  Claude  Kilpatrick  was 
taken  into  the  firm,  the  style  of  which  became 
Rntledge  &:  Kilpatrick,  and  is  so  known  at  the 
present  time. 

Both  members  of  the  firm  are  voung  men  and 


ROBERT    RUTLEDUH 


tend  the  business  of 

his  house.      He  is  an 

influential  member  of  the  Mercantile  Club,  and 

is  a  person  of  athletics  and  a  member  of  the 

Pastime  Athletic  Club. 

Mr.  Rntledge  has  also  taken  some  part  in 
local  public  work,  and  is  regarded  as  an  exceed- 
ingly useful  man  in  every  capacity.  His  work 
on  the  St.  Louis  School  Board,  although  not  in 
any  way  sensational  or  designed  to  curry  favor 
with  any  class,  has  been  marked  by  ver\-  distinct 
business-like  effort,  and  several  of  the  reforms  of 
the  last  few  \'ears  have  been  instigated  by 
him.      His    great    argument    has    always    been 


BIOC.RAPHICAI.  A  PPENDIX. 


489 


that  the  same  principles  of  economy  and  care 
nsed  in  ever\'-da\-  business  should  be  the  jjolicx- 
(A  iv  public  body. 

On  November  17,  issi,  Mr.  Rntledj^e  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Hlizabeth  Cowden, 
of  Washington,  Iowa.  They  liavesi.x  children, 
two  sons  anil  four  daughters,  named,  resj^ect- 
ively,  Robert  C,  ICdward  A.,  P:iizabeth  \V., 
Mary  E.,    Helen  W.,  and  Alice  R. 

Abbott,  Wn.i,i.\M  Chari.k.s,  son  of  George 
and  IvOuisaC.  (Tay- 
lor )  .\  b  bo  1 1 ,  was 
born  in  Pittsfield, 
Illinois,  February  2, 
18.");-^.  He  received 
his  earlv  education 
in  the  pul)lic  schools 
of  Pittsfield,  grad- 
uating from  the 
High  School,  after 
which  he  came  to 
St.  Louis  and  took 
a  course  at  Jones' 
Commercial  College, 
lu  the  sj^ring  of 
1^7  1  he  took  a  i)osi- 
tion  as  office-bo\'  in 
the  wholesale  fanc)' 
grocer\'  house  of 
Scott,  Collins  tv 
Company,  then  lo- 
cated at  'il'"^  Xortli 
vSecond  street. 

He  stayed  with 
this  firm  for  five  years,  having  during  that  time 
been  advanced  to  the  position  of  bill  clerk, when 
he  left  to  accept  a  position  as  traveling  salesman 
with  Pope,  Lockwood  &  Company,  dealers  in 
farm  machinery  and  impleuieuts,  at  Ouincy, Illi- 
nois. His  territory  was  Norlhern  Mi.s.souri,  and 
he  carried  it  for  ten  years,  building  \ip  a  mag- 
nificent trade. 

In  hS8(;  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and  look  a 
position  with  Mansur  &  Tebbetts  Implement 
Compauv,  as  traveling  salesman,  covering  the 
same  territorv  for  them  that  he   had   worked  on 


W1LL1.\.M    CH.\KLliS    ABliOr 


for  Pope,  Lockwood  &  Company.  His  personal 
po]mlarity  with  his  trade  in  North  Missouri 
made  him  a  very  valuable  addition  to  the  force 
of  .Mansur,  Tebbetts  &  Company,  and  they 
retained  him  until  fall  of  IH'iO,  when  he  resigned 
his  position  to  become  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Stevens  &  Schureman  ^Manufacturing  Company, 
Mr.  A1)l)ott  being  elected  secretary.  The  com- 
pau)-  was  incor])orated  according  to  laws  of  the 
State  at  its  formation. 

Mr.  .\bbott  is  a  mend)er  of  the  Ouincv  Lodge, 

No.  2fiO,  Ouincy, 
Illinois,  of  the  Ma- 
sonic Order,  and  of 
the  Pittsfield  Com- 
maudery,  Xo.  49,  of 
Knights  Templar. 
He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Farmers'  Ma- 
chinery and  Vehicle 
.\  s s o c  i  a  t  i  o  n  of  St. 
Louis. 

.McNAlK,JUHN(i., 

sonof  Antoine  Reigh 
and  Cornel ia(Tiffen) 
McNair,  and  grand- 
son of  the  Hon.  A. 
R.  McNair, first  Gov- 
ernor of  the  Slate  of 
-Missouri,  was  born 
in  St.  Lotus,  Decem- 
ber It;,  is:),s.  He 
received  an  educa- 
tion in  the  public 
schools  of  St.  Louis,  anil  his  first  work  after 
leaving  scliot)!  was  to  engage  as  a  messenger 
for  the  Kansas  Pacific  Railway,  a  position  he 
filled  for  a  year  and  then  accepted  a  situa- 
tion with  the  Greeley-Hurnham  (Trocer  Com- 
panv,  as  messenger,  later  being  promoted  to 
buvcr  of  that  house,  which  position  he  filled 
for  a  term  of  six  years.  .\  unich  better  offer 
being  made  him,  he  severed  his  connection 
with  the  (ireeley-Rnrnham  Grocer  Company 
and  accepted  the  jiosilion  of  buyer  for  the  firm 
of  Meyer  Hrothers,  in  wliich  capacity  he  served 


490 


oi.n  .-L\v>  NF.w  ST.  /.or/s. 


for  four  vcars,  with  lioiior  to  liiinsclf  and  piofit 
to  the  house. 

He  next  embarked  in  the  l^rokerage  business, 
with  offices  in  St.  Louis  and  Chicago,  dividing 
his  time  equally  between  the  two  places.  In 
I'^^.'^T  he  nio\-cd  to  St.  Joseph  and  embarked  in 
the  real  estate  business,  in  which  he  was  most 
successful.  In  IH.Sil  he  returned  to  St.  Louis, 
where  he  purchased  one  hundred  acres  at  Nor- 
mandy, which  he  subdivided  and  platted  as 
"Normandy  Heights."  Next  he  subdivided 
and  platted  the  "  Edgar  Ames  Addition  to  East 
St.  Louis."  His  business  becoming  vcrv  large, 
j\Ir.  J.  H.  Parish,  who  was  then  secretar\-  and 
general  uianagcr  of  the  St.  Joseph  Gas  Light 
Company,  resigned  that  position  and  associated 
himself  with  Mr.  McNair,  and  later  on  Mr. 
I''.  R.  Harris,  of  Memphis,  Tennessee,  became 
a  member  of  the  firm.  This  co-partnership 
])r(j\'ed  a  most  solid  and  fortunate  combination 
of  talent,  and  later  on,  ujDon  the  withdrawal  of 
Mr.  F'arish,  was  merged  into  the  JMcNair  iS: 
Harris  Real  Estate  Company. 

Mr.  McNair  has  made  many  large  deals,  liav- 
ing  purchased,  subdivided  and  sold  a  number 
of  important  additions,  thus  adding  very  mate- 
riallv  to  the  growth  and  prosperity  of  the  citw 
Among  the  most  important  of  these,  after  Nor- 
mand)'  Heights  and  Edgar  Ames  Addition  to 
I'^ast  St.  Louis,  maybe  mentioned  Tuxedo  Park, 
McNair's  Addition  to  Madison,  Illinois,  and 
Avery's  Addition  to  Webster. 

He  has  organized  and  is  connected  with  a 
great  many  companies  and  associations  for  the 
purpose  of  controlling  and  improving  real  estate, 
and  is  also  interested  in  several  of  the  largest 
and  most  solid  of  building  and  loan  associations, 
notably  the  Superior  Building  and  Loan  Asso- 
ciation, No.  1,  capital  SHOO, 000,  of  which  he  is 
president,  and  the  Superior  Building  and  Loan 
Association,  No.  2,  capital  $600,000,  of  which 
he  is  vice-president. 

In  addition  to  his  vast  real  estate  interests 
Mr.  McNair  is  also  very  largely  engaged  in  the 
fruit  business,  being  the  president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Inter-State  Fruit  and  Land 
Company,   which   company  owns  and  cultivates 


two  of  the  largest  fruit  farms  in  the  United 
States,  \-iz.:  the  McNair  I'Vuit  I'"arm,  of  Clay 
count\-,  Illinois,  and  the  vSt.  I-^lmo  I'ruit  h'arm, 
of  Oregon  county,  Missouri. 

Mr.  McNair  has  made  an  eminent  success  of 
the  line  of  work  he  has  chosen,  and  he  is  looked 
upon  as  a  man  who  can  accurately  tell  the  value 
of  real  estate,  and  is  thoroughly  conversant 
with  the  conditions  which  affect  its  jirice.  He 
has  business  instincts  which  naturally  fit  him 
for  a  real  estate  dealer,  and  no  man  is  shrewder 
or  quicker  in  seeing  all  the  advantages  of  a 
trade  than  he.  He  knows  all  the  details  of  the 
real  estate  business,  and  realizing  that  it  is  bet- 
ter to  know  one  thing  well  than  to  know  man)- 
things,  he  has  devoted  himself  to  the  task  of 
becoming  a  past  master  in  his  business,  and  is, 
in  fact,  a  real  estate  specialist.  As  a  uian  he  is 
endowed  with  nrany  amiable  qualities,  and  in  . 
contact  with  his  fellow-men  is  inclined  to  be 
genial,  courteous  and  accommodating.  Gener- 
osity is  one  of  his  marked  characteristics  and 
he  is  gifted  with  the  power  to  make  friends  and 
hold  them. 

.\lthough  he  is  a  member  of  both  the  Univer- 
sity and  Jocke)-  clubs,  he  devotes  most  of  his 
time,  outside  of  business  hours,  to  his  home, 
which  is  graced  by  a  handsome  and  affectionate 
wife,  to  whom  he  was  married  September  2'A, 
I'SIU.  Before  her  marriage  Mrs.  McNair  was 
Miss  Helen  M.  Bennett,  of  ^linneapolis,  Alin- 
ncsota.  In  politics  Air.  McNair  is  a  Democrat, 
while  in  religious  matters  he  gives  his  adher- 
ence to  the  Roman  Catholic  Church. 

Murphy,  Jcseph,  son  of  James  and  Mary 
(  Holland )  Murphy,  was  born  on  a  farm  near 
Drogheda,  in  Ireland,  t'ebruary  '2,  l.S()5,  and 
when  only  thirteen  years  of  age  came  to  St. 
Louis.  His  grandfather  purchased  a  farm  of 
300  acres  near  Creve  Cceur  Lake,  and  young 
Murphy  was  sent  out  to  him.  On  his  arrival 
here  he  found  the  farm  mortgaged  and  out  of  his 
possession,  so  he  hired  out  to  a  farmer  at  Floris- 
sant, at  a  salary  of  !?<>  a  month.  He  kept  the  posi- 
tion for  two  years,  but  in  LS^O  moved  into  the  city 
and  commenced  an  apprenticeship  to  the  wagon 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPF.XDIX. 


491 


makinij  trade  in  the  shop  of  Daniel  Caster.  He  knocking;;  about  the  absence  of  roads  made  in- 
kept  chjse  to  the  l)ench  for  four  years,  and  l)y  evitable,  and  so  honorably  did  he  fulfill  his 
the  time  he  was  twenty  he  was  a  competent  contracts  durino;  the  Mexican  war,  that  the 
and  excejJtionally  intelligent  wa.ijou  maker.  As  Government  continued  to  patronize  this  St. 
soon  as  he  was  out  of  his  time  he  entered  into  Louis  pioneer  until  the  building  and  opening  of 
the  employment  of  John  B.  Gerard  and  Samuel  railroads  made  them  less  dependent  on  wagons 
and  \\.  .Mount.  for  purposes  of  transportation.  It  was  hard 
In  l.S:>.')  Mr.  Murphy  decided  to  engage  in  work  filling  the  orders,  and  it  was  often  neces- 
busiuess  for  himself,  and  he  accordingly  rented  sary  to  travel  sixty  and  seventy  miles  up  the 
half  of  the  shop  on  Kast  Main  street  in  which  Missouri  river  in  search  of  suitable  timber, 
he  had  served  his  apprenticcsiiipsome  years  ago.  which  was  rafted  down  to  St.  Louis,  and  then 

split    np    by    hand, 


The  hard-working 
\ouug  Irishman  soon 
found  his  hands  full, 
and  being  compelled 
to  secure  larger 
quarters,  rented  a 
siiop  on  Second 
street,  l)etween  Mor- 
gan and  Green  (  now 
Christy).  In  1.S35 
the  business  again 
outgrew  the  prem- 
ises, and  Mr.  Murphy 
]>urchase(l  a  lot  on 
Seventh  and  Mor- 
gan, upon  which  he 
erected  a  large  and 
con  \e  n  i  e  u  t  shop, 
b'or  twenty  years  he 
carried  on  the  busi- 
ness here,  and  tlieu 
purchased  a  larger 
lot  from  Jonas  Moore 


J05RPH     M^RI•M^. 


there  l)eing  no  saw 
mills  in  operation. 

To  construct  a 
good  wagon  and  one 
tliat  the  Government 
officials  would  ac- 
cept was  a  serious 
task,  because  no 
paint  was  used,  and 
it  was  therefore  im- 
possible to  hide  any 
little  defects  l)y 
means  of  an  extra 
coat,  as  feasible  now. 
.\  1 1  o  g  e  t  h  e  r  over 
2(10, 000  wagons 
were  built  by  Mr. 
Mur|ihy  under  his 
immetliate  supervis- 
ion, for  not  on!\'  did 
he  supply  the  Gov- 
ernment almost  ex- 
clnsivelv.bnt  heal.so 


on  B  ro  ad  w  a  y,  l)e- 

tween  Cass  and  O'Fallou,  upon  which  lie  erected  provided  the  great  bulk  of  the  wagons  u.sed  by 

a  still  larger  shop.    To  these  cjuarters  he  moved  the  earlier  travelers  westward.     Thousands  of 

liis  business  and  continued  to  carry  it  on  success-  families  moving  to  California  in  l.S-i;i,  along  the 

fully  until  in  the  year  1888, when,  after  a  career  much  worn  Santa  Ke  trail,  journeyed  in  Murphy 

of  sixtv-three  years, he  retired  from  active  work,  wagons,  and  those  who  were  not  so  fortunately 

dis]iosiiig  of  his  interest   to  his  sons.  equipped  were  delayed  by  constant  break-downs 

Mr.  .Murphy  had  no  capital  to  start  with,  and  and  accidents. 
it   was   uotliiug   but   hard  work  and  discretion  Mr.  Murpliy  is  nearly  ninety  years  of  age,  but 

that  have  made  his  fortune  for  him.     Tiie  Mexi-  he  is  a  strong,  hearty  man   and  a  good   talker. 

can  war  and  the  Californian  exjiedition  brouglit  He  resides  in  a  comfortable  Innne  on  Washing- 

liiui  an  innneuse  number  of  orders.    Mr.  Mnrpliy  ton   avenue,   just   west  of  Grand,  where   he   is 

l)uilt   a   type  t)f  wagon    which   would  stand   the  spending  his  honorable  old  age  with  his  family. 


492 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


Mr.  Mur])li\-  lias  l)ft.-ii  tliricc  married,  liis  present 
wife  beiiij;  the  daii.tjhter  of  Joliii  Ilii^i^ins,  of  .St. 
Lonis,  who  died  in  X'^'^i.  V>\  this  estiiiial)le 
hulv  he  has  had  ten  children,  of  whom  eiijht  are 
now  livinj^.      He  has  also  eight   grandchildren. 

Briggs,  W.\L])0,  M.D.  son  of  V>x.  William  T. 
and  Anna  ( vStnbbins  )  I^rigg.s,  was  born  at  fow- 
ling Green,  Kentncky,  July  •2,1S,')1.  He  acqnired 
a  liberal  degree  of  education  before  entering  the 
University  of  Nash\-ille,  where  he  pursued  a 
literary  course  and 
graduated  with  hon- 
ors in  1X70,  secur- 
ing the  degree  of 
A.B.  So  great  was 
his  ambition  and  de- 
sire to  pursue  a 
higher  c  o  u  rse  o  f 
stud\'  and  de\'elop 
within  himself  the 
natural  characterist- 
ics of  a  professional 
man,  that  he  entered 
the  medical  dejjart- 
ment  of  the  \'ander- 
bilt  l"ni\-ersity  o  f 
Nashville,  Tennes- 
see, where  he  toiled 
and  labored  unceas- 
ingly during  a  four 
years'  course,  and 
graduated  in  18 7o, 
among  the  first  of  his 
class,  when  he  well 


DR.  WALDO  BRIGQS. 


urinary  surgery  in  the  lieaumont  Medical  Col- 
lege, which  he  accepted  in  bssi.  He  has  also 
been  chosen  as  consulting  surgeon  of  the  City 
and  Female  hospitals.  The  Doctor  stands  among 
the  first  surgeons  of  to-day,  and  as  a  professor, 
second  to  none  of  his  contemporaries.  The  op- 
eration ujjon  which  the  fame  of  Dr.  Briggs  will 
])robabl\-  rest  in  the  future  is  that  called  l)y  him 
"  The  extra-abdominal  method  of  treatment  of 
wounds  of  the  intestines."  It  consists  briefly 
of  laparotomy  performed  in  the  usual  way.  The 

wounded  intestine  is 
brought  into  view 
and  the  wound  re- 
paired as  described 
later  on.  A  ring  of 
])eculiar  foim  is  then 
inserted  into  the  ex- 
ternal wound,  and 
the  intestine  is  se- 
cured thereto  b  y 
means  of  pins  passed 
thi'ough  the  mesen- 
tery, so  that  it  re- 
niains  for  the  time- 
being  outside  of  the 
abdominal  c  a  \-  i  I  y 
( instead  of  being 
dropped  back  to  its 
natural  position,  as 
hitherto  ).  It  is  co\-- 
ered  with  a  pad  of 
absorbent  cotton  by 
suitable  means  iintil 
reparation    has   pro- 


merited  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine.      So  gressed    to   a    point    where   there    is    no  further 

great  was  the  Doctor's  scope  and  natural  ability  danger  of  any  of  the  accidents  which  formerly 

in  his  chosen  profession  that  he  was  received  made  laparotomy  for  wounds  of  the   intestines 

by  the  medical  fraternity  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  so  fatal,  viz.:  tearing  out  of  .sutures,  escape  of 

to  which  city  he  came  in  1877,  and  was  given  a  fecal   matter    into    the    cavity,  and    consequent 

lectureship   in    the    College   of    Physicians   and  peritonitis,  etc.      The    pins   are   then    removed. 

Surgeons  of  St.   Louis  as  lecturer  of  operative  the  intestine  replaced,  and  at  the  proper  time 

surgery,  which   chair   the    Doctor  occupied  in  the  external  wound  is  closed.     The  method  of 

1881.    Having  secured  a  hard-earned  reputation,  reparation  of  the  injury  to  the  intestine  is  en- 

as    well    as    the    confidence    and  esteem  of  his  tirely  new,  and  involves  some  very  interestinghis- 

associates,  the  Doctor  was  further  tendered  the  tological  questions  that  are  not  yet  satisfactorily 

chair  of  professor  of  clinical  surgery  and  genito-  worked  out.     We  can,  of  course,  merely  allude 


BIOGRAPHICAL  .  [I'PI-INDIX. 


493 


to  the  matter  here,  and  would  refer  the  reader 
wlio  takes  interest  in  it  to  Dr.  Bri<jgs'  article  on 
the  operation,  which  appeared  in  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  and  Surgical  Journal  in  the  yearsof  l^iSH) 
and  1891.  When  the  wounds  in  the  intestine 
are  located,  they  are  treated  by  the  usual  sur- 
t^ical  method,  c.xceiit  that  the  sutures  are  less  fre- 
quent than  has  hitherto  been  customary.  Dr. 
Brigjjjs  then  envelops  the  intestines  at  the  site 
of  the  wound  in  a  prepared  animal  membrane 
(from  the  kidney  fat  of  sheep  or  bullock), 
which  is  very  lightly  stitched  to  place.  In  the 
course  of  a  very  short  time  the  membrane  be- 
comes firmly  adherent  to  the  intestine  tlirougli- 
ont,  changes  its  color,  and  to  all  intents  and 
purposes  becomes  a  part  of  the  intestinal  walls, 
thus  reinforcing  them  so  that  a  rupture  at  the 
wounded  point  is  impossible. 

Tills  i)riuciple  (the  extra-abdominal )  is  appli- 
cable to  a  vast  range  of  injuries  hitherto  con- 
sidered almost  necessarily  fatal.  Strangulated 
hernia,  with  gangrene  of  the  intestines,  for  in- 
stance, is  easily  reparable  in  this  manner;  and 
as  a  matter  of  fact,  Dr.  Briggs  has  several  times 
within  the  past  years  operated  successfully  in  a 
number  of  desperate  cases  of  this  sort,  remov- 
ing inches,  and  even  feet,  of  gangrened  intestine 
and  reuniting  the  healthy  ends  of  the  gut  by 
the  uu-mbranous  method.  Complete  and  rapid 
reco\ery  ensued  in  e\ery  instance,  though  in  at 
least  two  cases  the  sufferers  were  aged  ])eople, 
and  their  condition  was  dangerous  before  an  oj)- 
eration  would  be  permitted.  Dr.  Briggs  has 
al-so  distinguished  himself  by  other  departures 
from  old  rules  and  operations  in  surgery,  nota- 
bly in  his  "lumbar  method"  of  nephrectouu- 
and  nephrotomy,  aiul  by  his  successes  in  the 
direction  feu-  which  his  father  has  earned  so  high 
and  well-deserved  a  reputation,  \\v..:   lithotomy. 

His  benevolent  disposition  is  proverbial  among 
all  who  know  him,  and  is  only  second  to  his 
quiet,  unostentatious  demeanor,  which  nc\'er 
fails  to  elicit  the  esteem  and  respect  of  all  who 
come  in  contact  with  him  —  a  truly  high-minded 
and  polished  gentleman.  But  few  men  possess 
in  a  more  marked  degree  the  well-merited  con- 
fidence and  the  warm  friendship  of  his  fellow-men. 


The  Doctor  married  Miss  N.  G.  Gray,  of  Cen- 
tralia,  Illinois,  in  .\pril  1883,  from  which  union 
they  have  one  child,   .Master  Gray  Briggs,  now 

in  his  se\-cuth  \-ear. 

Glog.m',  E.mii.k  William,  born  Uth  day  of 
February  Is.'iT,  in  Teplitz,  in  the  northern  part 
of  .\ustria.  His  father's  name  was  William;  his 
mother's,  Babette.  His  father  was  a  manu- 
facturer of  all  kinds  of  knitted  goods,  mostly  on 
contract  for  the  government.  He  was  the  first 
one  to  give  employment  to  females  in  a  factory. 

E.  W.  Glogau  was  educated  in  the  Freemason 
vSchool  (  Freimauerer  .Schule)  in  Friedrichstadt, 
near  Dresden,  Germany.  From  there  he  was 
sent  by  his  father  to  F^iigland  for  two  years,  and 
then  to  Rheims,  l-"rance,  to  a  weaving  school. 
His  father's  intention  was  to  make  him  a  manu- 
facturer, so  that  he  might  some  day  take  the 
succession  of  the  works  in  the  northern  part  of 
Austria.  Instead  of  returning  to  Austria  he 
settled  in  Paris,  where  he  entered  into  a  general 
commission  business — a  specialty  of  rags  and 
shoddy.  The  latter  was  imported  from  Eng- 
land exclusively.  He  brought  this  business  to 
such  a  climax  that  the  attention  of  some  of  the 
"Grand  Industriels"  was  drawn  to  it, and  they 
succeeded  in  1878  to  form  a  syndicate  for  the 
erection  of  large  factories  for  this  article,  and  also 
the  passage  of  a  tariff  which  placed  a  high  duty 
on  shodd>'  and  also  an  export  duty  on  every  bale 
of  rags  which  went  out  of  France.  This  natu- 
rally brought  Mr.  (Slogan's  business  to  a  close. 

In  1M71I  .Mr.  (xlogau  came  to  .Vnierica,  more 
upon  the  warm  invitation  of  his  American 
friends,  whom  he  met  in  I'.iris,  who  kept 
telling  him  "  your  place  is  .\nierica."  But 
his  first  \isil  to  .Vmerica  was  of  short  dura- 
tion. Me  fell  too  homesick  for  "  iieau  Paris," 
and  went  back,  but  returned  again  to  .\mcrica 
in  1881,  backed  by  a  F'rench  syndicate,  and 
introduced  in  this  country  the  first  grand  Battle 
Panorama.  The  first  one  in  Xew  York  was 
the  Siege  of  Paris,  ]iainted  by  Phillippoleaupcre, 
which  took  the  Xew  York  public  by  storm,  and 
it  was  at  the  opening  of  this  panorama  that  Gen. 
Grant,    who    was    present,   suggested    to    Mr. 


494 


OLD    AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Gloi^au  tlial  llic  artists  eiii;ay;e(l  1)\'  the  sNiidicate 
paint  soiiK'  of  tlic  AuK-ricaii  l)attle  scenes,  and 
he  wrote  in  Mi'.  < '.loivau's  nienioranduni  Ijook,  as 
most  interestin.i;  subjects,  tlie  l)altle  of  Gettys- 
buri;-  (Pickett's  charjje  on  tlie  lliird  day )  and 
the  siej^e  and  surrender  at  \'icksbur!>. 

Roth  tliese  snl)jects  were  executed — the  former 
was  ])hiced  in  Chica.s^o,  in  I'SS;'),  and  has  l)een 
open  to  the  ])ul)iic  ever  since,  and  the  hitler  was 
taken  to  New  York,  and  subsequenlK  to  San 
Francisco. 

Mr.  Glogau  e\eul- 
nallv  purcliased  all 
the  interests  of  the 
Freucli  syndicate 
and  formed  an  Amer- 
ican syndicate,  com- 
posed mostly  of  Chi- 
cago, New  York  and 
vSan  l-'rancisco  cajji- 
talists,  remaining-  at 
its  head  until  he  re- 
tired from  this  l)usi- 
uess  in  issii,  after 
di\idino  among  his 
])artners  over  one 
million  dollars  i  n 
l)rofits. 

Returning  to  New 
York  ,  h  e  f  o  u  n  d 
things  awfnlK'  slow 
there.  He  returned 
west  again  and  jmr- 
chased  from  one  of 
the  Chicago  caj)ital- 

ists  an  interest  in  the  ground  lease  of  the  prop- 
erty on  Sixth  and  Olive  streets,  where  the  pres- 
ent Commercial  lUiikling  stands,  but  not  with 
the  intention  of  locating  in  St.  Louis. 

His  frequent  visits  to  St.  Louis  soon  convinced 
him  that  St.  Louis  was  a  splendid  field  for  in- 
vestment in  real  estate,  and  in  the  fall  of  18fS7 
he  decided  to  locate  here.  His  transactions  in 
real  estate  since  have  been  very  numerous, 
among  others,  he  leased  the  property  where  the 
present  Union  Trust  Building  stands,  and  in  the 
same  manner  in  which  he  organized  the  corpora- 


EMILE    WILLIAM  ULOQAU. 


tion  which  erected  the  Commercial  Muilding  he 
liuanciered  and  super\iscd  the  erection  of  the 
Union  Trust  Building,  and  also  the  St.  Nicholas 
Hotel,  now  in  course  of  completion,  at  ICighth 
and  Locust,  also  the  closing  of  lease  for  corner 
of  Market  and  Twcntii-lli  street,  for  the  Termi- 
nal Railroad  .Vssociation,  for  the  erection  of  tlie 
Union  Depot  Hotel,  whicli  is  to  be  completed  by 
Jamiar\-  first  next. 

In  issii  he  married  Miss  Kleanor  B.  Bunzl, 
daughter  of   M.  Julius   Bunzl,  of  New   York,  a 

highh-  esteemed 
merchant  of  N  e  w 
York,  a  n  d  note  il 
philanthropist. 

Mr.  Glogan  comes 
from  parents  who 
were  "free  think- 
ers," and  so  does  his 
wile,  lliough  he  onh- 
joined,  since  his  lo- 
cating in  St.  Louis, 
the  Ethical  Cnlture 
vSociety.  He  visits  all 
churches,  and  takes 
a  great  deal  of  inter- 
est in  church  mat- 
ters. His  great 
hobby  is  the  making 
of  rounds  o  f  all 
churches,  \isiting  a 
different  c  h  u  r  c  h 
e\'ery  Sunda\-. 

Politically  he  is  a 
staunch  Republican, 
but  is  willing  to  admit  that  there  are  two  sides  to 
every  argument,  and  he  is  always  glad  to  dis- 
cuss, on  neutral  ground,  questions  of  special 
importance. 

Lkwi.s,  Brax.si-ord. — St.  I^ouis  is  excep- 
tionalh-  fortunate,  not  onl)-  in  the  standing 
of  its  numerous  medical  practitioners,  whose 
reputation  has  extended  beyond  the  limits  of 
the  city  or  State,  but  also  in  its  medical 
writers  and  editors.  Prominent  among  these 
is    Dr.    Bransford    Lewis,    who    was    born    in 


BIOI.RAI'UICAL  APPENDIX. 


495 


Novemlier,     lS(i2,    at     St.     Cliarles,    Missouri,  Louis  Medical  Society,  the  City  Hospital   Med- 

liis    father,     Edward     A.     Lewis,    beiu<;;    asso-  ical   Society  (in  the  organization   of  which   he 

ciate    judjre    of    the    State    vSupreine    Court    of  was   larj^ely  instrumental ),  the  Missouri    State 

Missouri.      His    early    education    was    acquired  Medical  Society,  the  Mississippi  \'alley  Medical 

at  the  local  public  schools,  and  later  at  Wash-  Association,  and  the  Auiericau  Medical  Associa- 

ington    University.      In    IfS.Sl    he    entered    the  tion,  the  National  Association  of  Railway  Sur- 

Missouri  Medical  College,  where  he  graduated  geous,  tlie  American  Medical  Editors'    A.ssocia- 

in  1S84.     After    passing  a   comj^etitiNc   e.xaui-  tion,  the  Missouri   \'alley  Medical  Association, 

ination,    he    was    appointed    assistant    plnsi-  Missouri  Medical  College  Alumni  Association, 

cian  at  the   City  Hospital,  occupying  a  similar  member  of  the  Mercantile  Club  of    St.    Louis, 

position  later  at  the  Fenuile   Hospital  and  the  He  is  also  an  honorary  member  of  the  St.  Charles 


Poor  House.  His 
services  were  found 
to  be  sufficiently  val- 
uable to  warrant  his 
advancement  to  the 
assistant  s  u  pe  r  i  n- 
tendenc}-  of  the  Cil\- 
Hospital,  which  po- 
sition he  maintained 
for  two  years,  resign- 
ing in  1<SH9,  in  order 
to  commence  ])ri\ate 
practice.  In  l.siid 
he  was  appointed 
editor  of  the  W'fcklv 
Medical  Rci'icji  ■,  and 
also  lecturer  in  geu- 
ito-uriuary  surgery 
and  venereal  dis. 
eases  at  the  Missouri 
Medical  College.  In 
ISiil  he  resigned  the 

editorship     of    the  »«•  »•  lewis. 

//  'cchly  Medical  Re- 

vie~a\  and  went  to  Ivirope,  where  he  coiuinued  his 
studies  in  some  of  the  leading  hospitals  of  the 
Old  World.  Returning  in  ISHi',  iu  connection 
with  a  uuuihei  nf  eiuinenl  plusiciaus,  some  re- 


County  Medical  So- 
ciety. He  is  con- 
sultant iu  genito-uri- 
nary  surgery  to  the 
Missouri  Pacific  and 
Iron  Mountain  Hos- 
pital, the  City  Hos- 
pital, I-'emale  Hos- 
pital, Baptist  Sani- 
tarium and  Hospital, 
and  to  St.  Mary's  In- 
firmary of  St.  Louis. 
Dr.  Lewis  is  un- 
nuirried.  He  is  one 
of  the  br  i  g  li  t  e  s  t 
young  physicians  of 
Mis.souri,  and  has  a 
brilliant  future  be- 
fore him,  both  local 
and  national.  He 
has  originated  sev- 
eral surgical  devices 
and  methods  of  treat- 
ment that  have  mer- 
ited the  emjihatic  praise  of  his  medical  breth- 
ren, both  al  home  and  abroad. 

C.UAVK.S,    Si'KXCKR    COLKM.VN,    M.I).,    SOU   of 


siding  in  St.  Louis,  and  some  in  Other  cities,  he      (ieorge  O.  and   Kiz/ie   Hood   (iraves,  was  born 
commenced  the  publication  of  the  ^fedical  Fori-     June  •>,  l.s.").s,  in  Montgomery  county,  Kentucky, 


/lix'l/lly,  of  which  he  is  editor.  TUl-  /•'i>rl>/iQ-l//ly 
has  already  attracted  great  atteulinn,  and  is 
destined  to  become  one  of  the  nu)sl  imjiortant 
medical  periodicals  published. 

Dr.  Lewis  is  a  member  of  the  .\merican  .\sso- 
cialit)u  o{  (kuilo-l'rinary  Surgeons,  of  the  St. 


where  his  father  was  practicing  as  a  pli\sician. 
lie  was  educated  iu  the  common  schools  of 
l'"ayette  county,  Kentucky,  after  which  he  at- 
temlcd  the  Winchester  High  School  and  Center 
College,  at  Danville,  after  which  he  pursued  his 
studies  at  Cornell   University,   where  he  made 


496 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


rai)id    progress  and   secured  a  classical   educa- 
tion. 

Selcctiu.o;  medicine  as  a  jirofession,  he  entered 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  .Surgeons  in  New 
York  City,  where  he  studied  for  three  years, 
graduating  with  honors  in    LSS;?.      Me  then  en- 


ing  and  acquiring  iuforuiation  in  order  to  keep 
up  with  the  times,  he  studies  cunliiuiousK'  and 
allows  no  important  medical  discussion  or  dis- 
cover)- to  pass  without  in\-estigation  and  close 
He  is  a  well-known  society  man,  highl\-  re- 
spected by  a  large  circle   of  friends,  in  addition 


tered  the  competitive  examination  for  admittance      to  those  who  recognize  his  ability  in  the  profes- 
into  the  Charity  Hospital  on  Blackwell's  Island,      siou   he  has  made  his  own. 


and,  being  successful,  remained  with  that  insti- 
tution   for   eighteen    mouths,    and    then  again 
graduated.      In  liss,")  he   came   to  St.  Louis,   in 
which    city    he   has 
since  practiced  medi- 
cine.   He  was  instru- 
mental in  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Beau- 
mont Hospital  Med- 
ical College,  among 
other  eminent  jihysi- 
c  i  a  n  s ,     and    was 
elected  to  the  chair 
of  professor  of  minor 
and    operative  sur- 


McLar.w,    Rohkrt    L.,    a    son    of    Charles 
and     Anuie     (Jennings)     McLaran,    was    born 

January  27,  1«(;2, 
St.  Louis  being  the 
place  of  his  nativity. 
Here  he  has  also 
lived  all  his  life,  was 
here  educated,  and 
this  city  has  been  the 
scene  of  the  begin- 
ning of  his  life-work 
in  his  chosen  profes- 
sion, the  law.  He 
entered  the  Wash- 
ington University  in 
his  boyhood,  and  re- 
ceived his  entire  ed- 
ucation at  that  insti- 
tution. .Subsequent 
e\euls  luu'C  devel- 
oped the  fact  that  he 
was  fortunate  in  his 
choice  of  a  profes- 
sion, as  his  talents 
seem  well  adapted  to 
the  practice  of  law. 

geons.    He  is  a  well-known  contributor  to  a  large  He   began    his    legal   studies   by   attending   a 

number  of  prominent  medical  jimrnals,  and  his  course  of  lectures  for  a  year  at  the  St.  Louis 
writings  are  always  read  with  a  great  deal  of  in-  Law  School  (a  branch  of  the  Washington  Uni- 
terest,  having  in  them  the  expression  of  much  versity),  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1884,  and 
thought  and  deep  study.  He  is  one  of  the  col-  then  entered  the  law  oflfice  of  Laughlin  &;  Taylor, 
laborators  of  the  Medical  Fortnight  I  \\'^\o\\\\<-y^,  where  he  continued  the  prosecution  of  his  studies, 
but  substantial  journal,  which  is  rapidly  coming  which  were  supplemented  by  practical  law  work, 
to  the  front.  As  a  physician,  Dr.  Graves  is  very  Upon  the  dissolution,  in  188(),  of  the  partner- 
popular,  and  has  gained  a  large  and  lucrative  ship  existing  between  Judge  Laughlin  and  Mr. 
practice.  His  medical  education  has  been  ex-  :\Iortimer  F.  Taylor,  Mr.  McLaran  became  asso- 
ceptionally  complete,  and  as  he  is  one  of  those  ciated  with  the  latter,  forming  a  partnership 
men  who  consider  a  man  must  be  always  learn-      which  was  maintained  until  1892. 


The  Doctor  is  a 
prominent  member 
of  the  St.  Louis  ;\led- 
ical  Society,  the 
American  Medical 
x\s.sociatiou,  Medico- 
Chirurgical  Society, 
^lississij^pi  Valley 
Medical  Association 
and  other  societies  of 
physicians   and   sur- 


ROBERT   L.  Mel. ARAN. 


BIOGR APlffCAf.  APPENDIX. 


497 


Although  he  has  given  every  branch  of  juris- 
prudence careful  study,  Mr.  IMcLaran  has  adopted 
the  ])ractice  of  corporation  law  as  his  s])cciall\'; 
and  his  connection  with  .Mr.  Ta\'lor,  wliosc  abil- 
ity and  learning  in  that  branch  of  law  is  gener- 
ally recognized,  has  given  him  exceptional  op- 


ing the  city  in  1S7.").  He  at  once  set  about  giv- 
ing his  legal  equipment  the  polish  of  a  post- 
graduate course  at  the  St.  Louis  Law  vSchool, 
following  the  coui])ktion  of  which  he  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and  ever  since  has  been  a 
successful    practitioner.      His    course  has  been 


portnuities  of  becoming  thoroughly  acquainted      constanth'  upward  from  the  beginning,  and  but 

few  years  had  elapsed  ere  he  had  won  high  rank 
in  the  membership  of  a  bar  noted  for  its  brill- 
iancy and  ability-. 

In  the  two  decades  he  has  practiced  in  the 

courts    of  St.   Louis 


with  all  its  difficult  details. 

-Mr.  McLaran,  although  a  young  man,  has 
won  for  himself,  through  energy  and  integrity, 
a  well-defined  position  in  the  courts,  and  is  now 
regarded  as  a  sound 
and  reliable  lawyer. 
He  takes  a  lively  in- 
terest in  |)olitical  and 
j)ublic  affairs,  but  is 
too  deeply  devoted 
to  his  profession  to 
c\er  become  what  is 
known  as  a  "  prac- 
tical politician."  In 
l)olitical  faith  he  is 
a  Democrat,  and  is 
one  of  the  active  pro- 
moters of  the  success 
of  that  ])arly.  .Mr. 
^IcLaran  is  a  bach- 
elor. 

The  future  con- 
tains much  that  is 
brilliant  and  grati- 
f\-ing  for  lliis  poini- 
lar  and  talented  law- 
\er,  who  is  uni\ers- 
ally  admired. 

E.STK.s,  Fr.\nk  -M. — Frank  M.  ICstes  bears  a 
family  name  that  is  as  old  and  as  honored  as  any 
in  the  South,  and  many  noted  men  have  added  to 
its  luster.  He  was  born  in  Haywood  county, 
'rennessee,  .\ugust  -'!'■,  l''^-")4.  He  received  his 
early  collegiate  education  at  McCill  University, 
;\Iontreal,  Canada,  completing  it  at  that  re- 
nowned seat  of  learning,  the  University  of  \'ir- 
ginia,  where  he  received  special  instruction  in 
the  ethics  of  law,  having  early  in  life  determined 
to  adopt  that  noble  profession  as   his  life-work. 

Quitting  school,  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  reach- 

32 


FRANK  M.  BATES. 


and  the  Mississippi 
\'alley  he  has  figured 
in  nuiny  cases  of  im- 
portance, and  in  all 
has  shown  himself  a 
lawyer  of  learning, 
shrewdness  and  abil- 
ity. As  an  orator  his 
style  is  graceful  and 
polished,  but  these 
qualities  in  no  sense 
detract  from  the  force 
and  vigor  of  his  ex- 
pression. He  is  a 
genuine  American  of 
many  generations  of 
natural  development 
and,  therefore,  is  a 
thorough  politician 
in  the  broader  mean- 
ing of  the  word. 
Notwithstanding 
that  he  has  taken  the 
liveliest  interest  in  every  political  campaign  for 
years,  he  is  far  too  devoted  to  the  law  to  lay  it 
aside  to  become  a  holder  of  an  office. 

.Vlthongh  he  has  frequently  been  solicited,  he 
has  only  accepted  offices,  the  nature  of  which 
showetl  his  patriotic  and  disinterested  motives, 
such  as  chairman  of  the  Democratic  Central  Com- 
mittee.  His  kindnes  has  been  also  taken  advan- 
tage of  by  the  Mis.sonri  Bar  Association,  of  wliich 
he  acted  as  secretarv-  for  some  time.  He  likewise 
served  the  KIks  Club  as  president,  and  was  at  cue 
time  Supreme  Chancellorof  the  Legion  of  Honor. 


\ 


498 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


Mr.  Kstes  rcturiR-d  to  liis  iiati\e  State  to  find 
a  wife,  in  llie  person  ol  Miss  Donie  Phillips, 
of  Dyersbnrg,  Tennessee,  a  lady  of  excellent 
family,  and  of  great  1:)eanty.  Two  children 
have  blessed  this  union. 

Nkl.so.v,  W.  p. — One  of  the  progressive  and 
public-spirited  men  who  ha\-e  done  much  to 
bring  St.  Louis  into  the  prcmd  [)osition  of  one  of 
the  great  cities  of  the  earth  is  W.  P.  Nelson,  the 
real  estate  agent.  Of  course,  in  working  to  ex- 
tend, Advertise  and 
build  uji  the  cit\',  he 
has  built  up  and  ad- 
vanced hisowninter- 
ests,  but  the  credit 
for  what  he  has  done 
for  St.  Ivouis  is  no 
less  due  him  on  that 
account. 

Mr.  Nelson  is  a 
uali\e  of  the  citv  in 
which  he  li\es,  hav- 
ing been  b<iru  here 
June  2.'>,  IS  17.  He 
is  the  sou  111  W'ui.  vS. 
and  Catharine  Nel- 
son, who  came  from 
the  State  of  New 
York,  whither,  when 
he  was  seven  years 
of  age,  the  parents 
again  sent  him  to 
obtain  the  benefit  of 
that  invigorating 
climate.  In  the  northern  part  of  that  State,  the 
boy,  whose  brief  biography  is  here  written, 
spent  his  boyhood.  The  rugged  climate  of  that 
region  assisted  in  giving  him  a  hardy  constitu- 
tion, thus  conferring  the  most  valuable  of  all 
giftsasa foundation  on  whicli  to  build  alonglife. 

When  William  was  fifteen  years  of  age  he 
returned  to  St.  Louis.  The  northern  part  of 
New  York  has  excellent  public  schools,  and  in 
these  the  lad  mastered  the  common  branches  of 
learning,  but  shortly  after  he  returned  to  St. 
Louis,    where    intending    to    obtain    a  finished 


W.  p.  NELSON. 


education,  he  entered  W'vniau  l'ni\ersit\  ,  at  llial 
time  one  of  the  first  colleges  of  the  citv,  and 
which  was  located  at  vSixteenth  and  Pine.  lie 
industrioush'  apjilied  himself,  and  as  a  result, 
graduated  from  the  institution  as  valedictorian 
of  his  class  with  high  honors. 

When  he  left  school,  he  had  reached  his  nine- 
teenth }'ear,  and  clerked  for  the  mill  furnishers, 
(i.  and  W.  Todd  &  Company,  for  two  years,  when 
he  took  charge  of  his  father's  books,  who  was  a 
contracting  engineer,  and  was   formerh-  a   ]iart. 

ner  of  Jas.  15.  h'.ads. 
At  the  time  to  which 
we  refer,  the  elder 
Nelson  had  the  con- 
tract for  building  the 
caissons  of  the  Kad's 
bridge  and  the  ap- 
l)roach  and  he  was 
given  empl(i\nK-ut 
in  connection  with 
this  and  other  con- 
tracts. On  the  com- 
pletion of  these,  his 
father  went  south  to 
assist  Capt.  Ivuls  in 
the  Jetties  ])rojcct. 
\V.  P.  Nelson  had  a 
ilesire  to  be  inde- 
pendent, and  being 
e  n  t  i  re  1  \-  wilhcmt 
means,  he  started  a 
collection  business. 
Seeing  the  great 
profit  real  estate 
would  return  to  the  man  with  enough  foresight 
to  get  in  on  the  ground  floor,  as  the  city  was 
just  then  shaking  off  the  lethargy  induced  by 
the  war,  and  was  just  beginning  her  real  growth, 
he  added  the  business  of  real  estate  agent  in 
11S74  and  1.S75,  as  W.  P.  Nelson  &  Company. 

In  1X81  the  style  of  the  firm  was  changed  to 
fjray  &  Nelson,  Mr.  B.  \'.  Gray,  Jr.,  being  part- 
ner, which  lasted  seven  j^rofitable  years,  being 
amicably  dissolved  in  1887.  In  1888  he  asso- 
ciated with  him  :\Ir.  O.  L.  Mersmau,  under  the 
name    of    Nelson    &    Mersman,  which    firm   is 


niOdRAPfflCAL  APPENDIX. 


JO'.t 


now  one  of  the  foremost  in  the  city  in  its  line. 

Mr.  Nelson  is  a  member  of  the  Mercantile  and  St. 
Lonis  clubs.  He  is  a  believer  in  club  and  society 
()r;^aiiizations,  aiidis  likewise  a  mcmberof  the  <  )r- 
derof  United  Workmen,  and  the  Royal  .Arcanum. 

Mr.  Nelson  is  a  very  domestic  niau  in  his 
tastes  and  habits;  his  wife  was  a  Miss  Lilian 
Waters,  daughter  of  James  L.  Waters,  one  of 
the  oldest  and  most  substantial  wholesale  grocers 
of  St.  Louis. 

It  mav  be  noted  here,  thai  Mr.  Nelson  is  one 
of  the  progressive 
business  men  of  St. 
Ivonis.  He  belongs 
to  that  class  of 
vounger  St.  Louis 
men  with  iron  in 
their  blond,  who  by 
iheir  combined  en- 
erg\-  and  in  dustry 
have  builded  a  great 
city. 

Not  the  least  in- 
dustrious and  in- 
fluential of  these  is 
Mr.  Xelsciu,  wdiose 
work  has  lieen  of  a 
high  order,  and 
whose  success  has 
bffu  well  earned, 
lie  is  now  in  the 
liriiiR-  of  lite  and  is 
still  gi\  iug  his  best 
a  1 1  e  n  t  i  o  n  to  his 
work. 

Okk,  I.s.\.\C  H.,  the  well  known  and  s\iccess- 
ful  lawyer  of  this  city,  is  the  son  of  William  C. 
and  Ivliza  Orr,  his  mother's  maiden  name  hav- 
ing been  Jordan. 

.Mr.  Orr  is  a  mem1)er  of  that  distinguished 
St.  Louis  colony,  known  as  the  "  Pike  county 
]ieo]ile."'  Pike  county  has  produced  dozens  of 
men  who  have  come  to  St.  I^ouis,  and  by  their 
uati\e  abilit\-  and  industry  ha\e  walked  steadilv 
forward  to  positions  of  leadership  in  law,  poli- 
tics and  business.  Pike  county  has  been  espe- 
ciallv  kind  to  .St.  Louis  in  the  gift  of  men  who 


ISAAC    H.    Okk. 


have  become  distinguished  lawyers.  And  when 
the  list  is  cited  of  able  lawyers  wlio  look  back 
to  old  Pike  as  their  birthplace,  the  name  of 
Isaac  H.  Orr  is  never  omitted,  for  he  is  consid- 
ered as  one  of  the  able  sons  of  wdiom  that  great 
county  is  proud. 

.Mr.  Orr  first  .saw  the  light  of  day  on  February 
14th  (  St.  Valentine's  day  ),  LSCi,  in  the  town  of 
lyouisiana.  He  passed  his  youth  as  do  most  boys, 
attending  the  excellent  public  school  at  Louisi- 
ana, until  he  had  acquired  a  thorough  common 

school  education. 
He  took  the  regular 
course  at  the  St. 
Louis  Law  School, 
and  graduated  there- 
from in  June,  l.s.s:^, 
and  was  at  once  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar,  and 
opened  an  oflice  and 
hungout  his  shingle. 
.\t  first  the  shingle 
contained  o  n  1  v 
his  own  name,  but  on 
November  1,  188li, 
he  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  Harvey  L. 
Christie,  and  t  h  e 
firm  of  ( )rrc\:  Christie 
thus  const  itutcd , 
continued  until  Feb- 
ruary 1,  iNii;'),  at 
w  Iiich  time  .Mr.  Jidiu 
L.  Hruce  entered  the 
co-partne  rs  h  i  p  , 
which  still  continues  under  the  firm  name  of 
( )rr,  Christie  &  Bruce. 

.Mr.  Orr  takes  an  active  interest  in  politics, 
for  all  Pikers  are  natural  born  politicians,  but 
he  is  in  no  respect  a  .seeker  of  official  prefer- 
ment at  the  hands  of  his  parly.  He  is  a  staunch 
and  conscientious  Republican. 

Mr.  Orr  was  brought  up  in  a  christian  family, 
and  received  a  religious  training.  He  has  never 
departed  from  the  faith  taught  him  by  his  mother, 
and  is  to-day  an  active  and  innueutial  member  of 
the  Cumberland  Presbvterian  Church  of  this  city. 


500 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


He  has  been  for  some  years  one  of  the  direet- 
ors  of  the  Law  Lil:)rary  Association,  which  is 
considered  a  position  of  no  small  lienor  amonj^ 
the  legal    profession. 

On  July  li',  l-Sdii,  Mr.  Orr  was  married  to 
Miss  Ella  Virginia  Pitman,  daughter  of  the  well- 
known  Professor  R.  H.  Pitman,  of  San  Jose, 
California. 

D.-\RST,  Joseph  C,  son  of  James  E.  and 
Mary  Anne  (  Hartnett )  Darst  was  born  in  Alav, 
185>S,  on  the  home- 
stead now  so  popu- 
lar as  a  suburban 
liome  site,  at  Eergu- 
son,  just  beyond  the 
city  limits  of  St. 
Louis.  He  attended 
the  public  schools 
for  three  years,  and 
then  entered  the  old 
St.  Louis  University 
on  Ninth  and  Wash- 
ington avenue, 
where  he  remained 
for  five  years, recei\- 
ing  a  splendid  edu- 
cation, and  gradu- 
ated in  187().  For 
the  following  nine 
3'ears,  he  had  charge 
of  the  farm,  on  which 
he  was  born,  thereby 
acquiring  a  great 
amount  of  practical 
information  as  the  result  of  hard  work. 

In  188(5,  he  removed  to  this  city,  and  imme- 
diately became  interested  in  the  Cantine  Coal 
Company,  in  which  business  he  continued  until 
18811,  when  having  become  sole  proprietor,  he 
sold  out  to  Messrs.  Mathews  and  Nicholson. 
During  this  time  he  had  taken  an  active  inter- 
est in  the  real  estate  of  the  city,  and  finding 
himself  unencumbered  by  other  business  ties, 
he  formed  a  co-partnership  with  his  brother-in- 
law,  under  the  firm  name  of  Dar.st  &  Milten- 
berger,  for  the  purpose  of  dealing  in  real  estate, 


JOSEPH    C.  DARST. 


as  brokers.  The  offices  of  this  firm  were  located 
at  •S()4  Chestnut  street.  The  firm  did  a  very 
l)rofitable  business,  until  the  year  18Jtl,  when 
th^  partnership  was  dissolved  by  mutual  con- 
sent, aiul  each  member  continued  business  on 
his  own  account. 

Mr.  Dar.st  is  an  exceptionally  successful  real 
estate  operator.  While  not  by  any  means  con- 
fining his  operations  to  suburban  property,  he 
has  made  a  siDecialty  of  this  class  of  business, 
and  has  made  many  thousands  of  dollars  for  his 

clients  bv  his  <rood 
advice,  and  by  per- 
suading them  to  act 
upon  it  before  the 
rise  in  value  which 
he  was  able  to  fore- 
see. Darst  Place,  his 
old  home  and  birth- 
place, at  Ferguson, 
is  becoming  one  of 
the  most  popular  and 
best  improved  of  the 
many  sul)urban  sub- 
di\isionsof  St.  Louis 
and  some  of  the  prop- 
erty controlled  by  the 
Fruit  Hill  Realty 
Company,  of  which 
Mr.  Darst  is  secre- 
tar\-  and  treasurer, 
is  also  exceptionally 
desirable  in  every  re- 
spect. He  is  also  in- 
terested in  other 
elegant  home  districts,  and  is  able  to  put  appli- 
cants in  possession  of  the  choicest  residences  and 
locations.  He  is  an  expert  in  building  associa- 
tion's methods,  and  is  treasurer  of  the  Hum- 
boldt, admitted  to  be  one  of  the  soundest  institu- 
tions of  the  kind  in  existence.  His  genial  man- 
ner, earnestness  in  his  work,  and  constant  watch- 
fulness for  the  interests  of  his  clients,  account 
in  a  great  measure  for  his  sticcess,  and  promise 
to  make  him  one  of  the  most  prominent  realty 
men  in  the  West.  j\Ir.  Darst  is  a  member  of  the 
Marquette  Club,  and  a  popular  West  End  man. 


niOCRAPHIi ".  //,  APPr.NDIX. 


501 


He  married  in  the  year  18.St),  Miss  Annie 
Miltenberger,  danghter  of  Eugene  Miltenljerger, 
who  was  a  prominent  and  very  higlily  esteemed 
l)nsint-ss  man  in  this  cit\-,  and  for  a  nnml)er  of 
years  in  partnership  witli  liis  brolhc-r-in-law, 
Boge. 

Mr.  Darst  has  fonr  cliildren,  Marion,  Josepli 
A.,  and  I<a\vrence  M.  and  Alice. 

Kii.i'ATRiCK,  Clai'DK,  is  a  successful  and  pop- 
ular real  estate  agent  and  operator,  and  a  mem- 
ber of  the  firm  of 
Rutlcdge  &  Kilpat- 
rick.  He  was  born 
in  Iluntsville,  Ala- 
bama, Novendier  1 1, 
l.S4(»,  his  father  be- 
ing Dr.  Thomas  J. 
Kilpatrick,  who  was 
]>raclicing  medicine 
at  that  period  i  n 
II  n  nlsvi  II  e  .  His 
mother  was,  prior  to 
lier  marriage,  Miss 
Mar\-  Gibbins. 

Young  Kilpatrick 
was  educated  at  pri- 
vate school  in  Mem- 
])his,  T  e  n  n  e  ssee  , 
whence  he  came  to 
.St.  I/)uis  and  entered 
I'rof.  Wyman's  I'ni- 
vcrsils'  where  betook 
a  course  of  study. 
In  l.SiM,  he  returned 

to  Memphis,  and  for  seven  months  served  in  the 
Ouarterma.ster's  Department.  Just  after  the 
close  of  the  war  he  returned  to  St.  Louis,  and 
was  appointed  book-keeper  and  cashier  for  Jesse 
Arnot,  who,  at  that  time,  owned  by  far  the  finest 
livery  establishment  in  the  West.  Mr.  Kilpat- 
rick retained  this  position  for  fourteen  years, 
during  which  time  he  made  an  innnense  nundier 
of  friends  by  his  strict  attention  to  business,  and 
his  courteous  and  affable  manner. 

Having  given  a  good  deal  of  attention  in  his 
spare  lime  to  real  estate   questions,  and    having 


Cl.AUOH   KILPATRICK. 


made  a  few  small  investments,  he,  in  the  year 
I'S.")4,  secured  a  partnership  in  the  firm  of  S.  T. 
I'orter  &  Company,  which  firm,  in  the  year  l>>.sii, 
changed  its  name  to  Rutledge  &  Kilpatrick,  by 
which  it  is  still  known.  During  the  phenome- 
nal but  stead\-  rise  in  real  estate  \-alues  in  St. 
Louis,  the  firm  of  Rutledge  X;  Kilpatrick  has 
taken  a  very  active  part  in  the  large  transfers  of 
pro])erty,  and  the  method  of  procedure  adopted 
by  them  has  been  so  uniforndy  honest  and 
straightforward,  that  there  has  never  been  any 

hesitation  about  re- 
])osing  in  them  the 
most  absolute  confi- 
dence. The  fi  rm 
makes  a  specialty  of 
the  management  of 
estates  and  of  the 
collection  of  rents, 
and  .Mr.  Kilpatrick 
gives  his  personal 
attention  to  many  of 
these  details. 

In  addition  to  liis 
arduous  real  estate 
duties,  Mr.  Kilpat- 
rick is  an  active  and 
bnsv  club  man,  be- 
ing a  uKMuber  of  the 
St.  Louis,  Xoon-Day 
and  Jocke\'  Clubs. 

1  le  m  a  r  r  i  e  d  i  n 
June,  b~^7;>,  M  iss 
DoUie  L.  Liggett, 
daughter  of  Mr. 
James  E-  Liggett,  of  the  firm  of  Liggett  &  Myers 
Tobacco  Company.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kilixitrick 
have  two  children,  Elizabeth  and  Mary  Louis. 
The  family  resides  in  a  very  handsome  residence 
at  ;i(;i.'i  Delmar  avenue. 

Si'Kl.BRlNK,  Lon.s,  is  well  known  as  one  of 
the  most  successful  livery  and  boarding  stable 
keepers  in  the  city.  His  establishment  is  known 
as  the  '•  .Montezuma,"  and  is  located  on  Franklin 
avenue,  between  Thirteenth  and  Fourteenth 
streets.     This  establishment  has  been  in  opera- 


502 


OLD  AND  NI-IW  ST.   LOT  IS. 


tiou  a  larj^e  uiunbcr  of  Ncais,  ami  has  been  iiiulcr 
the  ctjutrol  of  Mr.  Spelbrink  for  about  a  quarter 
of  a  century,  jirior  to  which  time  it  was  run  b\ 
Mr.  Frederick  Leunuiu,  his  fatlier-iu-law. 

It  seems  hardly  uecessar\-  to  sa\-,  that  Mr. 
Spelbrink  is  a  St.  lyouisan  by  birth,  his  inter- 
ests being  so  inseparal)le  from  the  city,  that  the 
idea  of  his  being  l)orn  elsewhere  seems  out  of 
the  question.  He  is  rather  more  than  fifty  years 
of  age,  having  been  born  December  it,  1S42. 
He  was  educated  in  the  i)ti])lic  schools  where  he 
remained  until  he 
was  al)out  fourteen 
years  of  age.  In  1^*.'>  1 
liis  mother  died  leav- 
ing nine  children,  of 
whom  he  was  the 
oldest,  and  he  was 
then  taken  from 
school  and  placed 
with  an  uncle  in  the 
grocery  b  u  s  i  n  e  s  s . 
After  care  fully  study- 
ing the  Imsiness  for 
some  years, he  started 
out  for  himself  in  the 
same  line,  and  in 
1H()I>  he  married 
Miss  .\melia  Leu- 
inan,  daughter  of 
Frederick  Lennian, 
one  of  tile  most 
prominent  p  o  I  i  t  i  - 
cians  and  liverymen 
of-  his  day. 

A  few  years  after  his  marriage,  Mr.  Spelbrink 
retired  from  the  grocery  business,  and  his  father- 
in-law  wishing  to  retire  from  active  work,  .sold 
to  him  the  livery  and  undertaking  business  with 
which  he  had  been  connected.  Mr.  Spelbrink 
has  continued  the  business  upon  the  old  lines, 
improving  many  of  the  details  of  management, 
and  giving  especial  attention  to  the  undertaking 
department.  He  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most 
successful  and  reliable  embalmers  in  the  West, 
and  his  services  have  frequently  been  requisi- 
tioned from  a  great  distance. 


LOUIS  C.  SPELBRINK. 


liiKK.M.v.N,  Lkwi.s,  was  bom  in  a  ciuaint,  old- 
fashioned  farm-house  on  the  banks  of  the  Weser, 
close  to  the  city  of  I'.remen,  (ierman\-,  on  the 
17th  da\'  of  December,  l.s.'Ki.  When  he  was 
scarceK-  four  vears  old,  his  ]iarents  emigrated 
to  this  country  and  settled  in  .St.  Louis. 

Having  attended  Wyman's  High  School  for 
two  years,  xoung  Lewis,  at  the  age  of  fifteen, 
struck  out  for  himself,  his  first  employment 
being  with  H.  Miller,  who  kejjt  a  retail  cigar 
store  under  the  Planters"  House. 

This  did  not  satis- 
f\'  his  ambition,  and 
an  o]iportunitv  pre- 
senting itself  to  enter 
the  business  of  F.  M. 
Wood  iS:  ComjKun', 
ret  a  i  1  clothiers,  he 
a\'ailed  himself  of  it. 
Their  business  was 
located  at  the  north- 
west corner  of  Main 
and  Market  streets, 
o])  p  o  s  i  t  c  the  old 
I''rench  .Market, 
which  was  at  that 
time  the  center  of 
the  general  retail 
trade  of  St.  Lotiis. 

.\t  the  expiration 
of  about  two  years, 
in  consequence of  the 
death  of  one  of  the 
partners,  the  firm  of 
F.  M.  Wood  &  Com- 
pany discontinued  business,  and  Levi  Stern  & 
Comj)any,  who  dealt  in  the  same  line  next  door, 
ga\"e  him  a  positimi  in  their  house.  About 
a  year  and  a  half  after  this  the  latter  firm  con- 
cluded to  enter  the  live-stock  business,  and 
in  this  short  period  young  Lewis  had  gained 
their  confidence  to  such  an  extent  that  they  , 
entrusted  him  with  their  entire  stock  of  goods, 
and  he  was  sent  down  to  Cape  Ciirardean  to 
close  the  same  out  for  them.  Upon  his  re- 
turn to  St.  Louis  he  entered  the  employ  of 
Alartin  Brothers,  also  in  the  retail  clothing  line. 


niOGRAPincAi.  APniixnix. 


503 


on  the  northeast  corner  of  Main  and  Market 
streets.  This  firm,  appreciating-  liis  enerj^y  and 
al)ilitv,    .Mr.  Clias.    (i.    Martin,   the-   manager  of 


l-roni  tlie  above,  it  will  be  seen  that  .Mr.  Hier- 
nian  is  intiniateK'  familiar  with  all  the  details 
of  his  business,    and    his    co-partners,    Messrs. 


the  St.  Louis  branch,  tendered  him  the  position  Adolph  liaer  and  Simon  Seasongood,  also  hav- 
of  general  salesman  and  traveler  in  their  whole-  iug  large  experience  and  thorough  training, 
sale  dei)artmcnt  at    1  1  ■'^   North   Main  street — at      the\'    have    contributed    nnich    toward    making 


that  time  ])robably  the  largest  business  of  its 
kind  in  this  cit\'.  With  this  firm  he  remained 
six  or  seven  years,  traveling  extensiveh' 
through  the  southern  and  western  country  as  gen- 
eral   collector    and    confidential    representative. 

In  the  early  jKirt 
of  the  war,  about  the 
year  lSt>2,  Martin 
Brothers  decided  to 
close  up  their  busi- 
ness in  theWcst,  and 
Mr.  liiernian  assisted 
them  in  winding  uj) 
their  affairs  tra\el- 
ing  about  the  coun- 
t  r  y  a  n  d  ])assi  ng 
through  the  lines  of 
iioth  armies  to  col- 
lect the  outstanding 
debts  (hu-  the  firm, 
in  doing  which  he 
met  with  some  thrill- 
ing and  interesting 
experiences.  After 
this  he  connected 
liimsell  with  the  firm 
of  Wm.  \'oung  X; 
C  o  ni  p  a  n  \-,  w  i  l  h 
whom    Ik-    remained 

until  l-'ebruarv-,  1S72,  when  the\-  sold  out  ti 
vSahlein,  ,Singer  t\:  Comjiany.  Ivntering  the 
business  of  the  latter  firm  he  at  once  became  one 
of  their  nu)st  aetixe  and  prominent  salesmen,  and 
in  ISNd,  \ipon  a  reorganization  of  the  firm,  Mr. 
IJierman  was  admitted  as  one  of  the  general  town,  and  greatly  enjoys  taking  a  friend  out  for 
partners.  On  .\]iril  li,  1SS2,  Mr.  Bernard  a  drive,  or  siiowing  a  stranger  through  our 
Singer,  at  that  tinu-  the  senior  mem])er,  dietl.  beautiful  parks  and  .suhurhs.  As  may  he  iniag- 
and  Mr.  Hierman  and  his  co-partners  bought  ined,  he  is  a  prominent  and  familiar  figure  down- 
out  the  interest  of  their  deceased  partner,  and  town,  being  one  of  the  organizers  of  llie  Mer- 
have  since  continued  the  business  uiuler  the  cantile  Club,  and  also  a  men\ber  of  the  Fair 
st\  le  of  ikier,  Seasongood  &.  Company.  Grounds  Jockey  Club. 


I.KWIS    IJlBk.MAN. 


.St.  Louis  an  important  market  in  their  line. 
The\- occuiiy  commodious  quarters  at  717  and 
71!i  Washington  avenue,  where  they  manufact- 
ure a  general  stock  of  clothing,  giving  employ- 
ment  to  a  large  force  of  hands  and  doing  an 

extensive  trade  in 
the  .South  and  West. 
in  1m;l'  Mr.  liier- 
man  married  Miss 
Anna  ^L,  daughter 
of  S.  F.  Merry,  of 
I'tica,  Xew  York. 
This  lady  died  in 
July  1H77,  leaving 
two  sons and adaugh- 
ter.  In  LS.sa  Mr. 
IHernum  married  his 
present  wife,  Mrs. 
l-'.mma  I*.  Bierman, 
who  was  the  \-onng- 
est  sister  of  his  first 
wife,  and  by  whi>m 
he  has  one  daughter. 
Mr.  Bierman  at- 
tends closely  to  his 
business  and  never 
speculates,  unless  it 
be  on  an  occasional 
deal  in  real  estate, 
in  which  he  has  been  very  succe.ssful,  being  in- 
terested in  some  of  the  choicest  "West  Knd  " 
]iro])ert\-  of  .St.  Lt)nis.  He  loves  a  good  horse, 
alwavs  keeping  one  or  two  for  his  own  use,  and 
is  considered  one  of  the  best  amateur  drivers  in 


504 


OLD   AND  Nl-.W  ST.   I. GUIS. 


Wrnnekkk,  Chaki.ks  Fri:i)i:kuk,  is  a  na- 
ti\f  of  St.  Louis,  ill  which  i-ily  he  was  honi  on 
October  10,  1<S;");^,  or  rather  more  than  forty 
years  ago.  His  father  was  Mr.  Clemens  W. 
Weniieker,  well  known  to  the  older  generation 
of  St.  Loiiisans,  and  his  mother's  maiden  name 
was  Hlanke.     He    was    educated  in  the  public 


liibnliii.<;  ]ar<;cl\-  to  tin.'  inas^niriccnt  success  this 
finn  has  attained,  Mr.  Wciinckcr  has,  also,  for 
}'ears  regarded  it  as  a  duty  to  slud\-  u])  the  cjues- 
tion  and  assert  his  views  with  no  uncertain 
voice.  In  iss'.i  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Harrison,  Internal  Revenue  Collector  for  the 
district    of  St.  Louis,  the  third    largest    in    the 


schools,   and  subsequently    attended    Bryant  &:  ITnilcd    vStates.      He    made    an    ideal  executive 

Stratton's    Business    College,  where   he    took  a  officer,  performed   his  duties  faithfully  and  well 

full  course.     His  relatives  being  connected  with  and  gave  so  much   satisfaction  that   he  ser\ed 

the  caudv  business,  it  was  but   natural   that   he  several  months  over  his  term.    President  Cleve- 


took  an  interest  in 
that  manufacture, 
and  for  twenty  years 
he  was  connected 
with  the  firm  of 
Blanke  Brothers. 
He  learned  every  de- 
tail in  the  trade  and 
soon  came  to  be  re- 
garded as  an  expert 
in  ever\-  branch  of  it. 
In  ISyO  he  connect- 
ed himself  with  Mr. 
R.  B.  Morris,  and 
the  firm  known  as 
the  Wenneker-Mor- 
ris  Candy  Coinjianv 
was  organized,  with 
Mr.  Wenneker  pres- 
ident, Mr.  Morris  as 
vice-president,  and 
Mr.  A.  Ellerbrook 
as  secretar\-.  A 
magnificent      estab- 


CMARLES  FREDERICK  WENNEKER. 


land  l)eing  in  no  hur- 
ry to  supplant  him 
by  a  Democrat. 

Prior  to  this  ap- 
])<)inlment  he  was 
strongly  urged  to 
make  the  race  for 
Congress  in  the 
eighth  district,  l)Ut 
declined. 

Mr.  Wenneker  is 
nt)w  able  to  gi\'e  his 
full  aUenlion  to  the 
company  of  which 
he  is  ]iresident,  and 
new  triumphs  in  the 
field  of  commerce 
will  be  the  result. 

Mr.  Wenneker  is  a 
member  of  the  Mer- 
cantile Club,  and  of 
a  number  of  other 
local  institutions  and 
social   and  commer- 


lishmeiit  was  secured   for  the   purpose   of  the  cial  organizations.      He  is  a  high  degree  Mason 

business,  in  which  upwards  of  fifteen  hundred  and  a  member    of    the    Ancient   Order    Lhiited 

varieties    of    confectionery     are     manufactured.  Workmen. 

The  entire   South   and    Southwest    territory    is  He    has    traveled    very   extensively    and  has 

covered  by  traveling  men   from  the  house,  and  visited  nearly  every  State  and   Territor\-  in  the 

the  business    transacted  is  of  a  very  extensive  Union.      He    has     been    married    aliout    fifteen 

and  profitable  character,  the  firm  ranking  among  \ears,    and   is   regarded   as  one  of   the   leading 

the  first  ill  America.  members  of  the  commercial  and  social  circles  of 

In  politics    Mr.    Wenneker  is  a  Republican,  the  city, 
and  his  sentiments   are    expressed  in  no  uncer-  Mrs.  C.  F.  Wenneker  was  formerly  Miss  Jo- 
tain    terms.       Although     giving    an     immense  haiiua  Heidereda.     She  has  one  child,  a  daugh- 
amount  of  time  to  the  candy  business,  and  con-  ter,  aged  eight. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


505 


Hari'KR,    John    Gkddks,    D.  D.  S.,    son   of  Orr,  Wii.i.iam  Axdkrson,  son  of   William 

James  \V.   and  Mary  Ann  (Lydic)  Harper,  was  C.   and    Mary  (Anderson)  Orr,  was  born  in  St. 

born  on   a   farm   in   Crawford   county,  Ohio,   in  Louis,  l-'ebruary  Hi,  18()2.      He  was  educated  at 

1848.      His  parents  removed  to  Illinois  in  IS.Jl.  \Vashiu<i^ton  University,  where  he  proved  an  apt 

He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  near  and  intelligent  student,  making  rapid  progress 

his  home,  and  subsequently  taught  school  him-  in   all    branches,  and    finally    graduating    with 

self.      He  then  entered  the  I'niversit)' of  Minne-  honors  in  the  year   l.ss.').     On  leaving  college 

sota  in  1870,  where  he  studied  zealously.  he  entered  the  wholesale  l)oot  and  shoe  house  of 

Commenced  the  study  of  dentistry  under  Dr.  Orr  &  Lindsley,  of   which  his  father  was  the 

Bowman  in  I'STIi,  a  high-class  practitioner  of  Min-  .senior  partner.     A  year  later  the  business  was 

neapolis.  Not  content  with  the  knowledge  he  thus  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  as  the 


acquired,  he  next 
entered  the  Missouri 
Dental  College  in 
1874,  where  he  took 
a  three  years'course, 
graduating  in  1877. 
He  was  appointed 
demonstrator  of  me- 
chanical dentistry  in 
the  fall  of  the  same 
year,  and  in  18S4 
was  made  professor 
in  the  same  branch, 
still  holding  the  po- 
sition. 

Prior  to  graduat- 
ing he  had  practiced 
successfully  as  assist- 
ant under  Dr.  Ho- 
mer judd.  1  le  h,is 
now  liien  in  practice 
for  himself  since 
1.S7.S. 

Dr.     Harper     has 
been  a  constant  contriliutor  lo  the  dental  litera- 
ture of  the  day,  having  ser\eil  a  number  of  years 
as  associate  editor  and  two  \ears  as  editor  of  the 
.lir/iivts  of'  Diiilislrv. 

He  has  been  for  some  time  a  member  of  the  of  the  firm  has  been  improved  and  extended. 
Missouri  State  Dental  Association  and  the  St.  Mr.  Orr  has  traveled  over  nearly  the  entire  ter- 
Louis  Dental  Society,  and  has  been  honored  as  ritory  supplied  by  the  house  of  which  he  is 
president  and  .secretary  of  both.  president,  and  he  is  thorouglily  well  known  and 

Dr.  Harper  married  Miss  Mary  Hanston  respected  on  the  road.  He  has  introduced  a 
in  Julv,  l.SMi.  His  family  consists  of  two  number  of  new  lines  and  is  ever  on  the  alert  to 
boys  and  three  girls,  all  of  these  full  of  keep  up  with  the  limes  and  to  provide  the 
promise.  very  best  the  market  affords  at  the  lowest  possi- 


^ 

■  H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^HBH|^r^>>" 

1 

V\  ^ 

V 

.IDJIN  III. 1)1)1. .~  IIAKlM.k. 


(^rrS:  Lindsley  Shoe 
Company,  .Mr.  W.A. 
( )rr  being  one  of  the 
incorporators.  In 
1888  Mr.  W.  C.  Orr 
died  and  his  son  be- 
came vice-president 
of  the  com]ianv,  Mr. 
Lindsley  being  elect- 
ed ])resi(lenl.  Ln  De- 
cember, 18!MI,  Mr. 
Lindsley  retired  from 
business  and  the 
name  of  the  com- 
]iany  was  changed  to 
the  William  A.  Orr 
Shoe  Conipanv,  with 
^^r.  ( )rr  as  president. 
Mr.  Orr  is  a  young 
man  to  have  charge 
of  a  corporation  as 
extensive  and  im- 
jjortant  as  the  Wni. 
A.  Orr  Shoe  Com- 
paiu  ,  l)\il  he  has  proved  himself  fully  able  to 
meet  the  responsibilities  of  the  position,  and 
under  his  management  the  business  has  in- 
creased rapidly  and  the  already  high  reputation 


r,06 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   /.GUIS. 


I)lc  prices  for  first-class  material.  Tlie  cimipaiu' 
now  ranks  anion ij  the  largest  in  the  cit\\  and, 
indeed,  in  the  Ihiited  States.  It  does  an  espe- 
cially large  bnsiness  in  the  cit\-,  and,  also,  in 
Missonri,  Kansas,  Texas,  and,  indeed,  all  States 
and  Territories  of  the  West,  vSontluvest  and 
Sonth. 

Mr.  ( )rr  is  looked  npon  as  one  of  the  rising- 
men  of  St.  Lonis.  He  has  had  the  Ijcnefit  of  a 
first-class  edncation,  and  also  of  an  European 
trip,  which  he  took  in  the  year  IH.Sli.  He  is  in- 
terested in  every  ino\enient  designed  to  increase 
the  commercial  and  social  importance  of  .St. 
Louis,  and  he  lias  been  largely  instrumental  in 
building  up  the  shoe  manufactures  of  the  cil\- 
to  its  present  large  and  substantial  condition. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  ^lercantilc  Club  and  a 
Mason.  He  devotes  a  considerable  amount  of 
time  to  semi-philanthropic  matters,  and  is  an 
unselfish,  courteous  and  ol)liging  gentleman. 

Scott,  Tho.ma.s  A.,  is  known  as  one  of  the 
most  daring  real  estate  operators  St.  Louis  has 
e\-er  seen;  as  a  memlier  of  the  firm  of  .S.  I'*.  6c 
T.  .\.  vScott  he  became  prominently  connected 
with  St.  Louis  real  estate  in  the  year  LSSS,  and 
since  then  he  has  been  connected  with  several 
deals  of  mammoth  proportions.  The  experi- 
ence he  had  acquired  in  realty  operations  in 
Chicago  and  Kansas  City  before  locating  here 
served  him  in  good  stead,  and  he  came  to  St. 
Louis  just  at  a  time  when  the  Kastern  puljlic 
was  awakening  to  the  fact  that  this  city  must 
be  taken  into  consideration,  in  all  calculations 
bearing  upon  the  future  of  the  great  West  and 
the  commercial  progress  of  the  countrv.  The 
firm  inaugurated  their  establishment  here  bv 
expending  $25,000  in  one  year  in  advertising  tlie 
advantages  of  St.  Louis  real  estate  in  Eastern 
papers.  The  result  of  their  enterprise  was  re- 
markable, and  the  benefit  of  it  was  felt  through- 
out the  entire  real  estate  trade,  without  being 
by  any  means  limited  to  their  own  house. 

]\Iessrs.  Scott  conceived  the  idea  of  offering 
at  public  auction  Tyler  Place,  a  magnificent 
tract  of  two  hundred  and  forty  acres,  just  north 
of  Tower    Grove    Park  and   west  of  Grand   av- 


enue. This  tract  was  purchased  for  three-quar- 
ters of  a  million,  and  the  sale  proved  the  greatest 
ever  managed  in  St.  Louis.  The  firm  then  ac- 
quired the  title  to  Dundee  Place  and  Gib.son 
Heights,  which  they  have  also  operated  with 
great  success.  .Mr.  >S.  I"\  Scott  has  generally 
taken  charge  of  the  Kansas  Cit\'  business,  while 
Tom  Scott,  as  the  subject  of  this  sketch  is  gener- 
all\-  called,  has  given  his  exclusive  attention  to 
the  St.  Louis  business,  and  is  hence  the  more 
popular  menil)er  of  the  firm  locally. 

^Ir.  Thomas  A.  Scott  was  born  at  Port  Hope, 
Canada,  October  n>,  1M.")4.  His  father  was 
Mr.  lames  M.  Scott,  and  in  ls.")!(  this  g-entle- 
man  located  in  McHenry  counts',  Illinois,  sub- 
sequently moving  to  Rock  county,  Wisconsin. 
Here  Thomas  A.  vScott  was  educated,  attend- 
ing school  during  the  winter  and  working  on 
his  father's  farm  in  summer.  In  1S7H,  when  he 
was  but  nineteen  years  of  age,  he  utilized  his 
sa\ings  in  a  real  estate  investment  in  Chicago. 
This  was  \ery  successful,  as  were  some  later 
\entures  in  tlie  same  city.  Five  or  six  years 
later  he  thouglit  it  ad\-isable  to  enter  a  new  field 
of  work  in  Kansas  Cit\",  where  his  ekler  brother, 
^Ir.  S.  E.  Scott,  was  ahead)-  located.  Great 
success  attended  the  enterprise  of  the  brothers, 
both  in  Kansas  City,  Missonri,  and  Kansas 
Cit\,  Kansas.  Of  the  success  of  their  work 
in   St.    Louis,   mention  has  already  been  made. 

The  absolute  faith  and  confidence  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Scott  in  St.  Louis  has  proved  of  great 
adwantage  from  an  investment  standpoint,  and 
of  the  hundreds  of  busers  he  induced  to  come 
here,  very  few  have  had  occasion  to  regret  fol- 
lowing his  advice.  Naturally  an  optimist  in 
disposition,  Mr.  Scott  combines  with  his  enter- 
prise a  reasonable  amount  of  conservatism,  and 
does  not  allow  his  enthusiasm  to  get  the  better 
of  his  judgment.  He  works  quietly  but  contin- 
uously, and  is  seldom  known  to  tire  of  any  work 
he  undertakes. 

He  is  a  member  of  the  order  of  Knights  of 
Pvthias,  and  of  the  Elks.  He  is  a  great  lover 
of  home,  and  idolizes  his  three  children,  An- 
toinette N.,  aged  twelve,  Thomas  A.,  aged  ten, 
and  .Samuel  C,  aged  five. 


(^/^^^^a<;'  /^^  ^^^7^ 


nro c,  R,\ Pirn  \\l  a rpF.Nnix. 


507 


FuTCRAFT,  Pkmbrook  R.,  of  tlic  firm  of  Mills 
&  Flitcraft,  is  the  son  r)f  Isaiah  R.  and  Mary 
(Atkinson)  Mitcraft,  and  was  horn  in  Salvni 
count\-,  New  Jersey,  January  <s,  l.s|7.  Ilotli 
parents  were  nienihers  of  the  Societ\'  of  h'riends. 
In  December,  l'S47,  the  famih-  moved  to  Ohio. 
His  father,  wlio  was  a  physician,  died  fightino; 
that  dread  scourge,  the  cholera,  in  IS-}!'.  In 
1858,  his  mother  ha\'ino;  re-married,  moved  to 
Lenawee  county,  ^Iichi.y;an,  and  located  on  a 
farm,  where  the  subject  of  our  sketch  li\-ed  and 
worked  until  he  en- 
tered college. 

He  prepared  for 
college  in  the  Raisin 
Valley  vSeminary,  in 
L  e  n  a  w  e  e  count}', 
MichiL;an,  and  en- 
tered tlu-  rni\ersit\' 
of  Michigan  in  IMliT, 
and  graduated  in  the 
classical  course,  re- 
ceiving the  degree 
Bachelor  of  Arts  in 
1.S71 ,  and  the  degree 
of  Master  of  .Vrts  in 
1874. 

He  was  a(hnitle(l 
to  the  bar  in  Kansas 
City,  Missouri,  in 
1875,  and  during 
that  year  commenced 
the  juaclice  of  law 
in  (iirard,  Crawford 
count}',     Kansas, 

where  he  formed  a  parlni'rship  with  John  T. 
Vcss,  one  of  the  oldest  and  ablest  members  ol 
the  bar  in  Southern  Kansas,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Vcss  6c  I'litcrafl. 

In  1S7.S  lu-  kfl  Kansas  and  came  to  St.  Louis, 
and  resumed  the  practice,  aiul,  in  1881,  entered 
into  partnershi]!  with  Henry  \\.  Mills,  uiuler  the 
firm  name  of  Mills  ^S:  b'litcraft,  as  now  e.xi.sliug- 

Mr.  Milcraft  is  a  man  of  .sterling  integrity,  a 
law\  er  of  ability,  aiul  is  justly  recognized  as  one 
of  the  kading  meml)ers  of  the  St.  Louis  bar. 
His  jnaclice  is  pureK  ci\'il,  and  extends  ihrough 


I'li.MliKOOK  K.  KIJTCRAFT. 


all  of  the  courts,  both  State  and  Federal.  He  is 
a  Republican  in  politics,  and  is  a  prominent 
member  of  the  Masonic  Fraternity,  being  Fast 
Master  of  George  Washington  Lodge,  No.  Jl; 
Pa.st  High  Priest  of  St.  Louis  Royal  Arch  Chap- 
ter, No.  8;  Past  Thrice  Illustrious  Master  of 
Hiram  Council,  No.  1,  Royal  and  Select  Mas- 
ters; Past  Eminent  Commander  of  St.  Louis 
Commandery,  No.  1,  Knights  Templar,  all  of 
.St.  Louis,  Missouri,  and  is  Past  Most  Illustrious 
(irand  Master  of  the  (irand  Council  Royal  and 

Select    Masters   of 
Missouri. 

Mr.  Flitcraft  was 
married  to  Emma  P>. 
Prenneman,  of  Pitts- 
burg, Penns\'lvania, 
in  the  fall  of  bss;!, 
and  one  child,  a 
daughter,  .-Vda  \'ir- 
ginia  Flitcraft,  has 
blest  this  union. 

.Although  a  hard 
worker  in  his  pro- 
fession and  alwavs 
eager  for  a  contest 
against  the  ablest 
men  at  the  bar,  Mr. 
b'litcraft  finds  time 
to  devote  to  the  in- 
terests of  the  innner- 
oussocietiesto  which 
he  belongs,  and  is 
also  quite  prominent 
in  .social  circles. 
I1\(;.\N,  ()i.i\i:i<  L.,  .son  of  James  and  Mar\' 
(Jones)  Hagan,  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
.\u.gust  .'U,  18.');5.  He  was  educated  in  his 
native  city,  and  graduated  with  honors  from  the 
Cincinnati  College  in  1871.  His  first  position, 
after  leaving  school,  was  as  money  clerk  in  the 
I!.  6c  O.  h;xiiress  otlice,  at  Cincinnati,  where  he 
remained  for  three  years.  He  made  hini.self 
vcr\  \iseful  and  ]iopular  to  the  conipan\',  who 
received  his  resi.gnation  with  regret  when,  after 
tliree  vears'  service,  he  decided  to  join  his  father, 
who  was  the  owner  of  large  livery  and  boarding 


508 


OLD  ANn  Xl:\\'  ST.  /jy/s. 


stable-;,  willi  a  liu'iati\'c  liorse-tradiiii:;  Imsiiu-ss 
ill  coiincclion.  IK-  iX'inained  willi  liis  lallier  lor 
about  two  years,  and  ajjaiii  showed  e\ideiice  of 
marked  al)iIityaiKl  shrewdness  as  a  ])usinessniaii. 

Wliile  ill  l)usiness,  youn_s;  Mr.  Hao^aii  was 
elected  a  inember  of  tlie  Cil\-  Council,  and 
served  for  eiyjht  years,  doiiii^  <^'ood  work  for  his 
constituents.  Duriujj;  this  time  lie  had  control 
of  all  the  theater  programmes  of  the  cit\',  and 
also  of  other  advertising  mediums,  and  contin- 
ued a  very  prosperous  career  in  Ciucinuati  in 
this  line,  until  l'*^!^7, 
when  he  fiiialh'  came 
in  more  direct  con- 
nection with  the  the- 
atrical profession  by 
becoming  connected 
with  :\rr.  John  H. 
Ha\liu,  the  well- 
known  theater  owner 
and  lessee.  After 
two  years  of  \-ery 
successful  work  for 
Mr.  Ila  vl  i  n,  Mr. 
llagau  was  admitted 
to  ]iartnershii),  and 
ill  1S>>7  he  came  to 
St.  Louis  as  lessee 
of  the  I'ope'stheater. 

Not  long  after  his 
arri\al  he  also  be- 
came lessee  of  the 
old  People's  theater, 
w  h  i  c  h  ,  remodeled 
and    rechri.stened  as 

Havlin's,  became  at  once  a  popular  favorite,  its 
hold  on  the  people  being  maintained  and  in- 
creased by  Mr.  Hagan's  public  spirited  manage- 
ment. Prior  to  securing  the  People's  at  St- 
Louis,  and  changing  its  name  to  Havlin's,  Mr. 
Hagan  had  become  lessee  of  Havlin's  theater  in 
Chicago,  which  he  also  managed  with  great 
success,  and  the  Havliu-Hagau  combination  be- 
came known  in  the  theatrical  world  for  its  liber- 
alit\'  and  its  success. 

In    December,     IHiK),    Mr.    Hagan   found  his 
interests  were  too  much  divided,    and    he   dis- 


OLIVKR    L 


]ioscd  of  his  stock  and  rights  in  all  tlu-atcrs  con- 
trolled by  liiiii,  with  the  e\ce])liuii  of  Pope's, 
which,  under  his  management,  had  become, 
ju^obably,  the  most  popular  family  theater  in 
St.  I.,ouis.  The  cozy,  comfortable  theater,  on 
Xiiilh  and  ()li\e,  undi-r  Mr.  I  lagan's  inanage- 
lueiit,  has  long  since  l)ecome  the  home  of  legiti- 
mate drama  and  jKipular  farce  comed\-,  while  all 
the  best  iiieliKlramas  on  the  road  ha\e  had  dates 
at  it  for  the  last  two  or  three  years.  As  a  result 
of  the  careful  and  consistent  management,  the 

theater  has  been  do- 
ing remarkably  good 
business,  its  mati- 
nees having  become 
exceptionally  po])u- 
lar  with  all  classes. 
ISeing  con  \i  need 
that  there  was  an 
opening  in  St.  Louis 
for  another  first-class 
theater,  Mr.  Hagan 
proceeded,  early  in 
IM'.M,  to  construct 
the  Hagan  ()pera 
House,  on  the  south- 
east corner  of  Tenth 
and  Pine.  The  new 
<  )pera  House  is  very 
liandsomeh'  deco- 
rated, and  is  prob- 
ably the  best  uphol- 
stered a  n  d  m  o  s  t 
"^'j'^'^-  comfortable  home  of 

the  d  r  a  m  a  in  the 
West.  Its  popularity,  from  the  booking  of  its 
first  date,  was  assured,  and  it  at  once  took  its 
]5lace  in  the  front  rank  as  a  high-class  theater 
and  opera  house. 

^Ir.  Hagan  is  one  of  the  best-known  men, 
to-day,  in  both  St.  Louis  and  Cincinnati,  and 
his  popularitv  in  the  theatrical  profession  has 
long  since  l)ecome  proverbial.  He  is  a  generous 
and  kind  friend  to  all  who  come  in  business  con- 
tact with  him,  and  in  all  matters  of  politics  and 
religion  he  is  liberal-minded  in  the  extreme. 
He   married,    in   the   year    1878,    Miss    Ellen 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


509 


Dniiliam,  of  Cincinnati.  Mrs.  Hagan  died  in 
St.  lyouis,  May  4,  ISilO,  leaving  one  daughter, 
Miss  Nellie,  who  is  now  attending  school.  In 
spring,   l.si'2,  he  married  Miss  Cora  Dunliani. 

WiiiTAKKR,  hjiwARDS,  in  addition  to  being  a 
pruuiineut  citizen  of  vSt.  Ivouis,  and  a  leader  in 
some  of  the  most  important  enterprises  of  mod- 
ern times,  is  also  a  broker  of  much  more  than 
local  reputation.  He  is  the  senior  partner  of 
the  firm  of  Whitaker  iS:  Hodgman,  and  is  presi- 
dent of  the  Lindell  Railwa\'  Company,  a  corpo- 
ration whose  faith  in  tlie  city  of  St.  Louis,  and 
the  magnificent  future  before  it,  has  been  so 
signally  proved  by  the  continued  extension  of 
their  tracks,  which,  to-day,  are  covering  almost 
the  entire  city  with  every  prospect  of  most  use- 
ful county  extensions.  In  another  portion  of  this 
work  the  great  im2>ortance  of  St.  Louis  inde- 
pendent terminals  and  tracks  of  the  Chicago, 
Burlington  &  Qnincy  Railroad  in  the  northern 
portion  of  the  city  has  been  enlarged  upon. 
Mr.  Whitaker  acted  as  agent  for  the  railroad 
company  in  the  purchase  of  this  terminal  prop- 
erty, and  the  confidence  bestowed  in  him  was 
well  merited.  He  is  also  at  the  present  time  a 
director  in  the  Hoatman's  Bank,  the  St.  Louis 
Trust  Company,  the  Bell  Telephone  Company, 
the  Missouri  Electric  Light  Company,  and  has 
had,  at  various  times,  large  interests  in  the 
Bellefontaine  Railroad  Com])auy. 

Mr.  W'hitaker's  couuectiou  with  .Si.  I.duis 
has  been  lengthy  and  exceedingly  profitable 
both  to  himself  and  the  city.  General  Albert 
G.  Edwards,  while  .Assistant  United  Slates  Sub- 
Treasurer  in  St.  Louis,  gave  a  partnership  to 
Mr.  Leonard  Matthews  and  formed  the  firm  of 
Edwards  is:  ^Litthews,  with  an  office  o\er  the 
Commercial  Bank  on  ( )live  street,  east  of  Third. 
Mr.  Edwards  Whitaker  was  chief  clerk  to  Gen- 
eral I'Mwards,  and  in  1.S72  ho  resigned  his  posi- 
tion in  the  treasury  office  and  joined  the  firm  of 
Ivlwards,  Matthews  ^i  Company,  which  removed 
to  larger  offices  and  extended  the  scope  of  their 
operations,  taking  in,  for  the  first  lime,  bank 
brokerage  and  exchange  work. 

Two  vears  later  General  Edwards  retired  from 


the  firm,  and  the  name  was  changed  to  Mat- 
lliews  &  Whitaker.  A  large  business  was  done 
particularly  in  organized  securities,  and  it  be- 
came necessary  to  secure  more  commodious 
quarters  at  121  North  Third  street,  where,  for 
fourteen  years,  the  business  was  conducted 
under  the  active  mauagemeut  of  both  partners. 
City  and  State  bonds  were  handled  in  large 
blocks,  and  finally  the  present  office  on  the  cor- 
ner of  Olive  and  Fourth  streets  was  secured. 
Soon  after  this  Mr.  Matthews,  who  had  acquired 
a  large  pri\ate  fortune,  retired  from  active  work, 
and  Mr.  Cliarles  K.  Hodgnuin,  who  had  for  sev- 
eral years  been  confidential  clerk,  became  a 
partner  in  the  house,  which  has  continued  to 
increase  its  reputation  and  business  steadily 
ever  since. 

Mr.  Ivl wards  Whitaker  is  a  t\pical  busine.ss 
man,  generous  to  a  fault,  and  exceedingly  pop- 
rdar  among  leading  members  of  the  financial 
and  commercial  world. 

H.\Ni)i..\x,  Ai.Kx.v.NUKR  H.^.MIUTON,  Jr.,  oue 
of  the  members  of  the  firm  of  i\L  AL  Buck  & 
Company,  and  vice-president  of  the  Citizen's 
Iiauk,  is  a  \'irginiau  by  birth,  but  he  has  re- 
sided in  St.  Louis  for  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century,  and  is  now  prominently  identified  with 
its  leading  industries  and  its  most  important 
financial  and  commercial  interests.  The  firm  of 
which  Mr.  Handlan  is  a  member  ranks  among 
the  verv  first  in  the  country,  and  during  the  last 
tweutv  years  Mr.  llandlau  has  divided  with  the 
president  the  responsibility  of  managing  the  im- 
mense interests  connected  with  it.  During  Mr. 
Buck's  absence  from  the  city,  Mr.  Handlan  is 
in  absolute  control  of  its  management,  and  he 
pro\es  himself  ti>  be  ihorovigliK'  qualified  ft)r  llie 
important  work  thus  entrusted  to  his  care. 

Mr.  Handlan  was  born  in  Wlieeling,  \'irginia, 
.\pril  2.'»,  1SI4,  and  is  thus  about  fifty  years  of 
age.  Wheeling  is  described  as  in  Virginia,  be- 
cause Mr.  Handlan  has  never  taken  kindly  to 
the  division  of  the  State,  and  he  maintains 
vigorously  his  right  to  be  numbered  among  the 
natives  of  the  Old  Dominion.  His  father,  after 
whom  he   was  luuned,  was  a  well-knowu  river 


510 


OLD  AXn  XI-.W  ST.  I  AH  IS. 


inaii  a  ([uarlor  and  a  liall  a  cciilury  a<jo,  and  was 
higlily  respected  1)\  pilots  and  captains  in  the 
old  days,  when  river  trade  was  of  pajaniount 
importance.  Captain  Ilandlan  was  for  several 
years  partner  and  pih>l  of  tlic  "Wing  and 
Wing,"  a  steamer  wliich  worked  hetween  Cin- 
cinnati and  New  Orleans  and  did  a  large  and 
very  profitable  traffic. 

-Mr.  Handlan,  Sr.,  died   Deceniher  'hX   of  last 
year,  at  the  age  of  eighty-three,  retaining  the 
possession  of  his  faculties  to  the  last,  and  de- 
lighting to  tell  anec- 
dotes of  his  early  ad- 
ventures and  experi- 
ences. Mrs.  Handlan 
was    formerly    Miss 
Katheriiie  Kiiieoii. 

Voung  ^Ir.  Hand- 
lan received  an  edu- 
cation at  Herrous 
Semiiiar\-,  Cincin- 
nati, Ohio,  where  he 
graduated  in  bSlil. 
Hif;  parents  luuing 
removed  to  Cincin- 
nati when  he  was 
about  six  years  of 
age,  his  early  life 
was  ji  ri  u  ci  ])al  1  y 
spent  in  what  was 
then  one  of  the  most 
important  cities  west 
of  the  Atlantic 
States.  He  spent  a 
considerable    period 

during  the  war  in  Nashville,  Tennessee,  where 
he  was  attached  to  the  quartermaster's  depart- 
ment in  the  Union  army  of  that  city.  Leaving 
Nashville  for  Memphis,  he  became  connected 
with  the  wholesale  and  retail  hat  and  shoe  busi- 
ness of  his  uncle,  .Mr.  J.  D.  Handlan,  for  whom 
he  kept  the  books.  He  was  next  interested  in 
planting  and  merchandise,  in  Granville,  Missis- 
sippi, where  he  made  considerable  progress 
towards  prosperity. 

In    IS()8   he    was    convinced    that    St.   Lonis 
offered  him   far  greater  facilities  for  work   and 


^---^ 


ALEXANDER  H.  HANDLAN. 


ad\aiieeineiit,  and  he  aeeordingh-  came  here  and 
was  given  a  jiositioii  in  the  railroad  supj)l\'  house 
of  Mr.  M.  M.  Buck.  His  sterling  worth  was 
promptly  appreciated  by  the  house,  and  after 
six  years  he  became  a  partner  and,  as  mentioned 
aljove,  has  since  shared  willi  Mr.  l!nek  the  great 
responsibilities  attached  to  a  concern  of  such 
magnitude. 

In  other  matters  Mr.  ilandlan  has  shown  his 
faith  in  St.  Louis  and  his  general  business  fore- 
sight.    vSome   six   years   ago   he   became    vice- 

l^resident  of  the  Citi- 
zen's Ikuik,  oil  the 
occasion  of  the  re- 
organization of  that 
financial  institution. 
Since  that  lime  the 
I)auk  has  increased 
its  l)iisiness  rapidly, 
and  now  stands  well 
to  the  front  among 
t  h  (.■  1)  a  u  k  s  of  the 
West.  .More recent! >• 
.Mr.  Hand!  a  n  be- 
came connected  with 
the  new  IM  an  t  ers' 
1  lolel  project,  and  he 
owns  a  large  interest 
in  that  enterjirise. 
He  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  .Mur(|uettc 
Club  for  some  \ears, 
and  has  been  its  pres- 
ident twice.  He  is 
also  a  mciyberof  the 
Mercantile,  Noon-Day  and  Jockey  clubs,  and 
the  Agricultural  and  Mechanical  As.sociation. 

On  September  U,  18<).S,  .Mr.  Handlan  mar- 
ried Miss  Marie  DePrez,  daughter  of  a  French 
gentleman  who  had  left  his  home  in  search  of  a 
free  country,  in  consequence  of  political  perse- 
cution, and  who  had  located  in  Nashville.  ^Ir. 
and  Mrs.  Handlan  have  seven  children. 

The  family  resides  in  a  handsome  residence 
on  Olive  street,  just  west  of  Grand  avenue,  and 
is  looked  upon  with  much  respect  in  social 
circles. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


511 


MOONEY,   Fi.KTCiiKR  D.,  M.D.,  was  l)oru  in  holds  the  chair  of  clinical  professor  of  diseases 

Greene  county,  vSouthwestern  Missouri,  No\em-  of  women. 

ber,    l!sr)(;.      His  father  was  David  Mooney,   his  The   Doctor  has  been  connected  and  still  is 

uiiiilur,  Mary  Sims.  identified  with  St.  John's  Hospital  as  gyncecol- 

Dr.  Mooney  acquired  his  early  education  in  ogist.  He  is  cousultinjL^  physician  to  the  P'e- 
the  common  schools  of  his  birthplace,  prepar-  male  Husi:)ital;  is  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis 
atory  to  entering  Drury  Collcj^e,  of  Cireene  Medical  Society,  Missouri  State  Medical  and 
county,  Missouri;  here  he  acquired  a  thorou,a;h  American  Medical  .\ssociations. 
knowledge  of  such  matters  as  would  best  fit  The  Doctor  is  a  purely  self-made  man,  and 
him  for  a  professional  career  in  life.  .\l  an  while  he  has  already  done  much  to  benefit  lin- 
early age   he  manifested  a  studious  disposition,  niauity,  he  will  \et  accom])lish  great  results. 


and  after  leaving  col- 
lege, in  1H7.S,  came 
to  .St.  Louis  to  take 
up  the  study  of  med- 
icine. He  matricu- 
lated in  the  Missouri 
.Medical  Ccillege,  a])- 
plied  himself  dili- 
gentlv  to  his  course, 
graduated  and  re- 
ceived the  degree  of 
Doctor  of  Medicine. 
'IMie  Doctor  now 
found  hiniS(.lf  in  a 
large  cit\',  with  an 
admirable  ])ri)fession 
but  witliiitii  means 
or  tlu-  lu-lpfiil  inflii- 
e  n  I'  I'  (1  I  I  r  i  (.■  n  d  s 
around  liini,  Nil  so 
great  was  his  ambi- 
tion to  rise  in  Iiis 
chosen  profession 
and  rank  anionfj  the 


I'.  I).  AIOO.NUY. 


P.\i..MKK,  Donald 
.^L\cXl•:II.,  was  born 
in  the  State  of  Con- 
necticut, on  Xovem- 
ber  7,  1S4.'). 

When  only  sixteen 
)earsoId  he  left  liome 
and  went  to  New 
York,  where  he  se- 
curedemployment  in 
a  wholesale  dry 
goods  store.  He  re- 
mained two  years, 
but  young  and  am- 
bitions as  he  was, 
the  houses  and  walls 
t)f  the  city  seemed  to 
confine  his  efforts, 
and  when  he  left  the 
employ  of  the  drv 
goods  house,  it  was 
to  strike  out  for  the 
bouniUe.ss  West.     In 


the  fall  of   1SI).{  he 

emiueiU   physicians  of  the  eil\  .  that  he  worked  reached     Missouri,   and     located    in     the    pine 

unceasingly    and    with     an    iutlexible    pur]iose;  woods    of     Washington    county,    where,   until 

slowly  >et  sureh-  did  he  begin  to  gain  the  coiifi-  the    following  spring,   he    gratified     his     taste 

deuce  and  esteem  of  the  jieople,  and  gather  about  fur  the   wild   life    of  a  hunter.      In    the    sjiring 

him  a  circle  of   friends  and  an  encouraging  cli-  of    -ISti-t    he     went   into  the   business    of   man- 

entel.     The  Doctor  later  identified  himself  with  nfacturing     turpentine     and     rosin,     and     had 

the  Health  Department  of  the  citv,  and  for  four  fairly  established    his    industry  when    (General 

years    was    ]di\siciau    to    the    Insane    .\sylum.  Trice  came  througli   Mis.souri  on  his  last  raid. 

He  has   been  connected  with  the  Missouri  Med-  .Mr.  Palmer  wascajilured  at  the  battle  of  I'otosi, 

ical   College  in   various  capacities,   as  assistant  aiul  after    being  kept  a  jirisoner  a  few  days  was 

demonstrator  of  auatouu-,  assistant  profe.s.sor  to  conscripted  into  the  Confederate  service.     .About 

llie  clinic  for  diseases  of  women,  and  at  present  a  month  later  he   watched   his  opportuiiil\'  aiul 


512 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OUIS. 


escaped  at  the  battle  of  the  Hhie,  near  Kansas 
City,  and  after  considerable  hardship  made  liis 
way  back  to  St.  Louis. 

As  his  turpentine  interests  had  suffered  dur- 
ing his  absence,  he  decided  to  return  to  Xew 
York,  and  did  so.  There  he  rcniained  until 
the  war  w'as  over  and  then  returned  to  Missouri, 
locating  at  Glasgow,  in  Howard  county,  but 
only  remained  there  until  the  fall  of  18()(),  when, 
again  seized  with  the  western  fever,  he  deter- 
mined to  seek  his  fortune  as  a  miner  among  the 
Rockies.  There  were  no  railroads  in  that  da\', 
and  there  was  considerable  hardship  connected 
with  a  journey  overland  across  the  plains,  but 
after  traveling  sixteen  days  and  nights,  Austin, 
Nevada,  was  reached,  and  that  being  his  object- 
ive point,  he  began  a  career  as  a  miner,  which 
lasted  through  the  next  seventeen  years,  during 
wdiich  time  he  served  in  almost  every  caiJacity, 
from  miner  to  manager,  ami  lived  in  most  of 
the  mining  districts  of  the  United  States  and 
Mexico. 

But  it  is  as  manager  of  the  St.  Louis  I'nion 
vSlock  Yards  tliat  Mr.  Palmer  has  scored  his 
greatest  success  in  life.  In  lS,s;',  he  was  offered  the 
superintendency  of  the  \'ards,  and  came  on  from 
the  West,  and  in  the  summer  of  that  year  as- 
sumed charge.  He  proved  the  right  man  for 
the  right  place  from  the  beginning.  His  west- 
ern life  and  training  fitted  him  in  an  eminent  de- 
gree for  dealing  with  the  western  stock  grower 
and  shipper  on  the  one  side,  and  his  experience 
in  cities  adapted  him  for  business  dealings 
with  butchers,  packers,  etc.,  and  he  has  there- 
fore greatly  extended  the  trade  of  the  yards  in 
both  directions.  He  has  made  the  yards  one  of 
the  best  markets  in  the  country  for  the  sale  of 
cattle  for  stockers  and  feeders,  and  has  recently 
added  a  horse  and  mule  department,  $5(),(lO() 
having  been  expended  for  improvements  to 
accommodate  that  line  of  trade.  The  yards  are 
models  of  their  kind,  and  under  Mr.  Palmer's 
administration  they  have  been  brought  to  a 
capacity  to  handle  daily  ;"),()()()  cattle,  ."),()()() 
sheep,  1.5,000  hogs,  and  1,')0()  horses  and 
mules.  He  is  one  of  the  most  active  and  ener- 
getic factors  of  the  live  stock  trade  in  the  West, 


and  has  conlritjuled  \x-ry  largeh'  toward  keep- 
ing St.  I^ouis  to  the  front  auiong  the  leading 
live  stock  and  meat  distributing  centers  of  the 
world. 

Mr.  Palmer  is  a  hard  worker,  and  can  be 
found  at  liis  desk  daily  at  the  stock  yards.  It 
is  a  characteristic  of  his  to  always  carry  for- 
ward any  work  he  has  to  do  with  all  the  zeal 
and  energy  he  can  summon  to  his  aid,  aiul  in 
his  work  as  superintendent  he  is  actuated  by 
a  genuine  and  deep  desire  to  promote  the  suc- 
cess of  the  great  corporation  o\er  whose  inter- 
ests he  presides.  He  was  one  of  the  promoters, 
and  in  his  office  was  organized  the  St.  Louis 
Butchers"  Union,  from  which  sprang  the  lintch- 
ers'  National  Protective  Association. 

Rki.S,  Hkxry  Fkri)IN.\xd,  the  ])rominent 
South  lind  lumbernuin,  isanativeof  Minnesota. 
He  was  born  in  the  town  of  Shakopee,  on  Kelunary 
21,  ISdo.  His  father's  given  name  was  \'alen- 
tine,  and  his  mother's  maiden  name  wasjosephine 
Apfeld.  Henry  received  the  benefit  of  the  schools 
in  liis  nati\'e  town  until  he  was  thirteen  years 
old,  when  his  parents  left  Minnesota  and  settled 
at  I^elleville,  Illinois,  at  the  grammar  school  in 
which  town  he  continued  his  studies  until  he 
graduated.  When  eighteen  years  old  com- 
menced to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade. 

His  father,  after  coming  to  Bellex'ille,  had 
erected  a  planing  mill,  of  which  the  son  took 
charge  after  mastering  a  knowledge  of  carpenter 
work  and  architecture.  Three  )ears  after  lie 
entered  the  mill  he  resigned  the  j)osition,  and 
in  1887  went  to  Los  Angeles,  California,  where 
he  began  the  business  of  contracting  and  build- 
ing. Southern  California  was  then  at  the  height 
of  her  boom,  and  he  was  very  prosperous  from 
the  start,  but  after  a  year  he  began  to  feel  a  long- 
ing to  again  see  familiar  home-faces  and  scenes, 
and  this  prompted  him  to  return  to  St.  Louis. 

On  January  1,  188SI,  he  bought  the  Caronde- 
let  Lumber  Yard  of  Fedal  Ganahl,  and  since 
then  has  devoted  his  whole  attention  to  increas- 
ing the  business  of  the  establishment,  at  which 
he  has  met  with  a  most  flattering  degree  of  suc- 
cess, several  years'  business  showing  an  increase 


BIOCRAPHfCAL  APPENDIX. 


513 


over  the  previous    year  of  fifty  per  cent.      He  is  in  tliat  <(reat  school  of  learninj^,  and  graduating 

the  owner  also  of  the  Carondelet  Planing  ^lill,  with  distinction  in  the  year  l.sso.     His  passage 

which  is  attached  to  the  Inniher  yard.  through   the  regular  academy,   and  two  years' 

On  the  2.")th  day  of  Septeniljer,  l.S!);5,  Mr.  Reis  special  course  of  study  at  college,  gave  him  a 

was  married  to  Miss  Emily  E.  Ganahl,  of  Los  splendid  university  education,  and    he  supple- 

.\ngeles,  California.    The  lady  is  a  niece  of  John  mented  this  by  fifteen   months'  clerkship  in  the 

J.   Ganahl,   the    ])niniincnl   lumberman   of    this  Merchants'    National    Hank,   thus  acquiring  an 

city.    The  couple  ha\e  two  children,  named,  re-  insight  into   finance  and  book-keeping  difficult 

spectively,  Ferdinand  E.  \'.  and  Edith  Petronila.  to  obtain  outside  the  doors  of  a  National  Rank. 

For  about  a  year,   he  was  connected  with  the 

Sh.\pleigh,  Alkrkd  L.,  is  a  member  of  the  Hanley  S:  Kinsella  Company,  and  then  accepted 


well-known  firm  now 
incorporated  as  the 
A.  F.  Sha  ])  lei  g  li 
Hardware  Company , 
which  has  been  in 
operation  for  half  a 
centur\-,  under  \ary- 
ing  styles  and  titles. 
.Mr.  Alfred  L.  Shap- 
leighisthe  youngest 
of  the  six  sons  of 
Mr.  Augustus  I'". 
.Sbapleigli,  who 
worketl  his  wa\-  \\\< 
from  small  bi-^iii- 
nings,  and  fiuall) 
became  a  clerk  in  the 
leading  hardware 
firm  of  Philadelphia, 
in  which  afterward 
he  assumed  an  inter- 
est. Fi ft _\-one  years 
ago  this  hou.se,  under 
the  style  of  Rogers, 
Sbapleigli  Ov;  Conijiany,  opened  a  branch  in  Si. 
Louis,  and  of  the  western  house  Mr.  .Shapkigh 
took  charge.  He  finall\  purchased  the  interest 
of  his  partners,  and  now  has  been  for  several 
years  the  head  of  the  firm.  In  ls;>l  he  married 
Miss  Elizabeth  Ann  I'mstead,  of  Philadelphia, 
and  Mr.  .\.  L.  Sliapleigh  is  one  of  the  promi- 
nent men  who  are  sous  of  the  estimable  couple. 
Mr.  .\lfred  L.  Sliapleigh  is  about  ihirty-lwo 
vears  of  age,  having  been  born  in  St.  Iamus  on 
Februarv  Hi,  1S(;2.      He  was  educated  at  Wash- 


ALFRED    L.  5H AI'I.EKJH. 


the  cashiership  o  f 
the  Mound  City 
Pa  i  n  t  and  Color  Com- 
pany. InJuly,l«M() 
he  accepted  the  sec- 
retaryship of  the 
A.  F.  S  h  ap  1  e  i  g  h 
Hardware  Company, 
a  position  he  still  oc- 
cupies with  marked 
ability. 

Although  his  sec- 
retarial duties  take 
up  a  large  amount  of 
time,  Mr.  ,Shapleigh 
is  also  a  public  man 
in  every  sense  of  the 
term.  He  is  a  di- 
rector of  the  bank  in 
which  he  was  for- 
merly a  clerk.  He  is 
also  a  director  in  the 
Union  Trust  Com- 
pany, and  vice-pres- 
ident of  the  Imperial  Building  Company,  to 
which  St.  Louis  is  indebted  for  the  magnificent 
Luion  Trust  Building.  He  is  also  vice-presi- 
dent of  the  American  Credit  and  Indemnity  Com-" 
pany  of  New  York  City.  As  director  of  the 
Mercantile  Club,  Mr.  Sliapleigh  has  been  called 
upon  to  work  in  a  variety  of  ways  for  the  bet- 
termenl  of  that  colo.ssal  commercial  men's  club. 
He  has  also  done  excellent  work  as  director  of 
the  Mercantile  Library,  and  as  president  of  the 
Counlrv  Club.    For  three  years  he  was  adjutant, 


ininou    Iniversity,  going  through  every  course     and  for  three    years   captain,    of   Company    D 


33 


514 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


of  the  First   Rc.y;iincnt  of  the  Missouri  National 
Guards. 

Few  men  of  Mr.  Shapleigh's  age  are  so  well- 
inforuietl.  In  addition  to  his  careful  study  at 
home,  he  has  tra\eled  extensively  all  o\-er  Amer- 
ica, and  has  also  enjoyed  the  advantages  of  an 
extensive  European  tour.  On  November  21, 
1888,  he  married  Miss  Mina  F:.  Wessel,  of  Cin- 
cinnati.    One  child  has  resulted  from  the  union. 

Hills,  Willi.\m  G.— The  life  of  William  G. 
Hills,  the  tobacco  manufacturer,  has  been  full 
of  activity  and  stirring  events.  His  military 
career  during  the  late  war  was  pregnant  with 
changing  occurrences  and  constant  dangers  dur- 
ins:  three  vears  of  service  on  the  Union  side, 
and  he  went  through  an  hundred  important  en- 
gagenrents.  He  was  twenty  years  old  when  he 
enlisted  in  the  Ninth  New  York  Cavalry,  Co.  E., 
at  Westfield,  N.  V.,  and  reached  Washington 
in  November,  ISill.  His  regiment  helped  de- 
fend that  city  until  after  the  second  Manassas, 
when  it  was  ordered  into  the  Peninsular,  and 
served  in  ]\IcClelland's  campaign  against  Rich- 
mond. In  l>!t'rj,  the  regiment  joined  the  Army 
of  \'irginia,and  went  through  all  the  hard-fought 
engagements  of  that  year.  After  arduous  de- 
tached duty  as  courier  on  (tcu.  Geary's  staff  in 
the  Chancellorsville  campaign,  he  joined  his 
regiment,  and  with  them  participated  in  all  the 
great  events  against  Lee  in  Maryland  and  Penn-  , 
sylvania.  It  was  the  Ninth  Cavalry  that  fired 
the  first  gun,  took  the  first  prisoner,  and  lost 
the  first  man  on  the  Federal  side  at  Gettysburg. 
As  Lee  was  forced  back  toward  Richmond,  and 
during  Grant's  Wilderness  campaign  in  18()4, 
the  Ninth  was  at  the  front  in  almost  daily  fight- 
ing. Young  Hills  participated  in  all  the  en- 
gagements under  Sheridan  in  the  Shenandoah 
campaign,  and  was  one  of  the  fift\-  men  selected 
from  his  regiment  to  go  with  Gen.  Kilpatrick 
on  his  perilous  raid  on  Libby  Prison  in  Febru- 
ary, 18(i4:.  At  the  end  of  his  three  years,  or 
October  27,  1864,  he  was  mustered  out.  This 
is  a  rough  outline  of  his  military  career;  his 
civil  career  since  the  war  has  been  scarcely  less 
active  and  eventful. 


He  was  born  in  Cattaraugus  county.  New 
York,  June  2(5,  1841.  His  parents,  Calvin  and 
Mary  (  Watkins )  Hills,  were  among  the  early 
pioneers  of  that  section,  having  settled  in  that 
Western  New  York  county  as  early  as  H!;?!. 
William  was  the  youngest  of  three  sons,  and 
spent  his  youth  on  his  father's  farm,  attending 
the  district  school,  and  after  he  was  ten  years 
old  helping  with  the  farm  work.  It  was  hard 
work,  this  subjugation  of  forest  and  earth,  and 
it  taught  him  frugality  and  gave  him  strength, 
health  and  character.  This  industrious  and  sim- 
ple life,  in  conditions  similar  to  which  nearly 
every  man  who  has  proved  his  right  to  sur\-i\-e 
has  laid  the  foundation  of  his  success,  continued 
up  to  the  time  he  entered  the  army,  .\fter  he 
had  been  honorably  discharged  from  scr\-ice, 
he  returned  to  his  home,  and  went  to  work  on 
the  farm  assisting  his  father,  who  was  Ihen  an 
old  man,  but  lived  until  18S<I,  dying  at  the  age 
of  !'l,  nevertheless.  lint  to  the  virile  and  en- 
ergetic boy,  who,  in  the  war,  had  a  taste  of  ac- 
tion, the  quiet  home-place  was  too  narrow,  and 
he  determined  to  seek  a  wider  field  in  the 
West. 

He  reached  .St.  Louis  in  March,  LSfili,  and 
at  once  accepted  a  position  as  shij^ping  clerk 
in  the  wholesale  grocery  of  Perley,  Hills  X: 
Comjiany,  his  brother  being  one  of  the  firm.  In 
IMiis  he  is  found  at  Kansas  City,  engaged  in 
business  as  a  manufacturers'  agent,  but  returned 
to  vSt.  Louis  in  l>>7(),an(l  l)ecamc  the  superintend- 
ent of  Rumsey  &  Ct)mpany's  pipe  and  lead  works. 
January  1,  18il2,  he  accepted  a  position  with 
IX  Catlin,  afterward  The  Catlin  Tobacco  Com- 
pany, as  traveling  salesman,  coveringall  territory 
west  of  the  Mississippi  river.  In  1882,  he  left 
the  Catlins,  and  entered  into  business  for  him- 
self, forming  a  partnersnip  with  Max  Fritz, 
manufacturing  tobacco,  under  the  firm  name  of 
Hills  &  Fritz.  Through  purchase  in  l-S.Sit,  Mr. 
Hills  became  sole  proprietor  of  the  business, 
which  has  grown  in  volume,  and  brought  an 
increase  of  profit  year  by  y^ear  since  the  begin- 
ning. 

Mr.  Hills  was  married  on  February  25,  1884, 
to  IMiss  Mattie  J.  ;\Iiller,  of  Kankakee,  Illinois. 


niOCRAPIIICAL  APPENDIX. 


515 


HiKMKNz,  Hknry,  Jr.,  is  entitled  to  a  hitjli  He  opinion  by  a  few  years  has  been  proved  by 
position  in  the  list  of  successful  real  estate  oper-  the  rapid  increase  in  values,  and  the  large  re- 
ators  and  agents  in  St.  Louis.  He  has  been  con-  turns  from  the  investments  referred  to. 
nected  with  the  local  realty  business  for  about  Mr.  Hiemeuz  was  born  at  Millersburg,  Iowa, 
twenty-one  years,  and  during  that  time  ho  has  .\ugust  21,  IH.')").  His  father's  name  was  Henry, 
injected  an  immense  amount  of  vim  and  energy  and  his  mother,  prior  to  her  marriage,  was  Miss 
into  the  work.  He  has  been  exceptionally  sue-  lkul)ctta  Render.  When  nine  years  of  age, 
cessful  with  auction  sales,  and  has  brought  into  young  Hiemenz  came  to  St.  Louis,  and  went 
the  market  an  immense  quantity  of  property  through  a  full  course  of  study  at  the  Christian 
which  had  not  previously  been  looked  upon  as  Brothers'  College.  At  a  very  early  age  he  em- 
available    in   any   way   for   residence    purpcses.  barked  in  the  real  estate  business  at  421   Chest- 


Among  his  most 
successful  operations 
ma)'  be  meulioued, 
subdividing  a  n  d 
placing  upon  the 
market  of  RIcRee 
Place,  Tower  Grove 
Place,  Cherokee 
Place,  IMinuesota 
Place,  Oravois  Place 
andArsenal  Heights. 
It  will  be  observed 
that  most  of  these 
snbdi\isions  are  lo- 
cated in  the  south- 
western section  of 
vSt.  Louis  to  which 
Mr.  llicincn/  has 
given  his  most  care- 
ful attention. 

It  is  largely  the 
H'sull  of  his  indefat- 
igable efforts  that 
due  recognition  has 
l)ccn  given  at  last  to  the  value  of  property  south 


HI-NRY  HIEMENZ,  Jk. 


nut  street,  subse- 
quently moving  to 
No.  <il4  (in  the  same 
thoroughfare,  where 
he  is  now  located. 
He  almost  immedi- 
ately sprang  into  the 
front  rank  of  enter- 
prising real  estate 
men,  and,  although 
it  was  not  until  ten 
years  after  his  initia- 
tion into  the  ranks 
of  the  profession 
that  the  marked  re- 
vival in  St.  Louis 
real  estate  took 
place,  Mr.  Hiemenz 
was  one  of  the  eight 
or  ten  active  workers 
who  did  so  nnich  to 
bring  it  about. 

Mr.    Hiemenz     is 
now  in  the  prime  of 


life  with  a  very  active  and  useful  career  before 
of  Mill  Creek  \'alley,  and  .some  slight  distance  him.  He  stands  well  with  the  business  and 
from  the  river.  For  many  years  the  march  of  professional  men  of  the  city,  and  is  an  active 
improvements,  and  of  values  was  limited  to  the  member  of  the  Mercantile  Club.  Ho  is  Re- 
extreme  West  I'.nd.  Mr.  Hiemenz  was  one  of  publican  in  politics,  but  is  liberal  niimled  in  his 
the  first  to  recognize  that  there  were  many  acres     views.     He  nuuried  in  l.^TC  Mi.ss  (  Utilie  Stephen 


of  desirable  property  to  be  obtained  in  the  south- 
west wards  at  very  low  prices.  Taking  his 
clients  into  his  confidence,  and  convincing  them 
of  the  logic  of  his  argument,  he  prevailed  upon 
several  of  these  to  invest  heavily  in  conjunction 
with  hiuiself.     That  he  merely  anticipated  pub- 


of  this  cit\-. 

Cni.i;,  .\mi;i>i:i-:  15.,  is  a  member  of  the  Cole 
Commission  Company,  one  of  the  largest  houses 
of  its  kind  in  the  West.  His  father,  Mr.  Nathan 
C.,  is  too  well  known  to  need  any  introduction 


516 


OLD  AND  XFAV  ST.   LOC7S. 


to  the  readers  of  this  work,  and  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  inlierits  from  his  fatlier  many  of  his 
most  striking  characteristics  and  \irtues. 

Young  Mr.  Cole  was  born  in  tliis  city  Sep- 
tember 21,  l.s.').').  He  was  educated  at  Wash- 
ington University,  and  at  quite  an  early  age 
entered  the  conunission  house  of  Cole  Brothers, 
of  which  his  father  was  partner.  In  DSiH  the 
firm  was  incorporated  as  the  Cole  Commission 
Company,  and  Mr.  Amedee  became  its  vice- 
president.  He  takes  an  active  i)art  in  the  man- 
agement of  the  concern,  and  is  looked  up  to  as 
a  rising  man,  and  a  well  informed  and  talented 
member  of  the  business  fraternity.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Mercantile  Club  and  a  pro- 
nounced Republican  in  politics.  His  connec- 
tion with  the  ^lerchants'  Exchange  has  been 
leugllu'  and  pleasant,  and  he  lias  been  fre- 
(|ueutlv  spoken  of  by  his  associates  as  a  man 
in  whom  absolute  confidence  could  be  placed 
in  any  office  placed  at  his  disposal.  In  com- 
mercial circles  generally,  Mr.  Cole  is  looked 
up  to  with  much  resjiect,  and  his  name  fre- 
C|ueutlv  appears  in  enter])rises  of  importance. 

In  1M7'.'  Mr.  Cole  married  Miss  Annie  Jackson, 
daughter  of  John  Jackson,  of  St.  Louis.  'Six. 
Jackson  was  for  several  years  president  of  the 
St.  Louis  Elevator  Company,  and  a  \ery 
wealth\-  citizen.  I'lve  children  resulted  from 
the  union:  Annie,  John  Jackson,  Chester  Ernest, 
Reba  and  Marjor}-. 

Adams,  John  \Vill.\ri),  although  an  Ohioan 
by  birth,  is  a  Keutuckian  by  descent,  his  father, 
Mr.  Alonza  A.  Adams,  being  a  native  of  Lexing- 
ton, Kentucky.  His  mother  was,  prior  to  her 
marriage.  Miss  Katherine  Sevringhaus.  Both, 
Mr.   and   Mrs.  Adams,    Senior,  are  still   living. 

Mr.  J.  W.  Adams  was  born  in  Cincinnati, 
November  12,  LSiiii,  and  is  hence  not  yet  thirty 
years  of  age.  His  life  has  been  so  active, 
however,  that  he  is  as  old  and  experienced 
as  many  men  born  ten  or  twenty  years 
sooner  than  he,  and  he  has  de\'eloped  marked 
abilities  as  a  draughtsman  and  architect. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of 
Cincinnati,     and     this     was     followed     up    by 


three  years'   instruction    from  a  private    tutor. 

From  boyhood  Mr.  Adams  displayed  a  marked 
taste  for  drawing  and  designing,  and  he  thought 
out  many  unicine  ideas  in  architecture  before 
his  ordinary  course  of  study  was  completed. 
His  parents  wisely  allowed  him  to  follow  the 
bent  of  his  own  inclinatious,  and  selecting  ar- 
chitecture as  his  profession,  he  entered  the  office 
of  Crapse\'  &  Brown,  of  Cincinnati,  where  he 
studied  architecture  for  four  years.  He  next  ac- 
cepted a  \er\'  favorable  offer  from  the  Santa  Fe 
Railwa\'  Comj)an\-,  and  for  two  years  was  head 
draughtsman  in  the  architect's  office  at  Topeka, 
Kansas.  Promoted  to  the  important  jjosition 
of  superintendent  of  buildings  on  the  Santa  Fe 
Road  between  Chicago  and  Kansas  City,  he 
served  in  that  capacity  for  a  year,  giving  great 
satisfaction  to  his  employers.  Relnrning  to 
Tojieka  he  became  assistant  architect  with 
J.  \V.  Perkins  of  the  Santa  Fe   for  two  years. 

lu  l^*'.'!  Mr.  Adams  was  attracted  to  St.  Louis 
b\-  the  activit\'  in  the  building  operations  in 
this  city.  He  served  in  the  office  of  Mr.  Theo- 
dore C.  Link,  as  chief  assistant  architect,  and 
it  was  while  he  was  working  in  this  capacil\' 
that  the  magnificent  new  I'nion  Station  was 
designed.  He  resigned  his  position  in  Mr. 
Link's  office  to  accept  a  partnership  in  the  firm 
of  Adams  &  Chandler,  and  entered  into  the 
general  contracting  business.  This  firm  is  quite 
a  young  one,  but  it  has  already  executed  a  large 
uuniher  of  contracts  in  a  highly  satisfactory 
manner,  and  has  built  a  large  number  of  sub- 
stantial and  handsome  houses.  It  also  con- 
structed twenty-eight  miles  of  the  K.  C,  Ark. 
(S:  X.  < ).  Railroad,  in  Arkansas. 

The  work,  however,  which  will  make  the 
firm  of  which  Mr.  Adams  is  a  member  famous 
in  St.  Louis,  was  done  on  the  new  Union  Sta- 
tion. Adams  &  Chandler  took  the  contract  for 
the  depot,  and  furnished  all  the  material,  as 
well  as  executing  all  the  building  from  the 
ground  up,  withthesingleexception  of  the  sheds. 
The  magnificent  work  on  the  depot,  and  the 
way  in  which  it  exceeds  expectation  in  almost 
every  detail,  is  the  best  evidence  that  could  be 
forthcoming  of  Mr.  Adams'  ability. 


HIOCRAl'inCAL  APPF.NDIX. 


)17 


In  addition  to  his  important  general  contract-  at  Harvard  Law  School,  and  retnrning  to  the 
ing  interests  Mr.  Aihuns  has  a  large  interest  in  West  located  in  St.  Lonis  in  1«()!).  He  \va.s 
one  of  the  most  extensive  stone  yards  in  Cliicago.      admitted  to  the  bar  in   the  same  vear  l)v  Jndge 


He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Pastime  Athletic 
Club,  and  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternit\'. 
In  April,  bssii^  Mr.  Adams  married  Miss 
Nellie  Coleman,  of  Topeka,  Kansas,  and  has 
two  children,  a  bo\-  and  a  girl. 

S.Mri'H,  b'oRD,  is  a  nati\-e  of  Xew  England, 
and  was  born  March  l>,  1.S42,  in  Hamjxlen 
connty,  Massachn- 
.setts.  Roth  father 
and  mnther  were  of 
excellent  stock  and 
descended  from  old 
and  respected  fami- 
lies. The  father, 
John  Ford  Smith, 
was  a  native  of  the 
s  a  m  e  c  o  n  n  t  y  in 
which  his  son  was 
1)  o  r  n,  w  h  i  1  e  his 
m  o  t  h  c  r,  w  hose 
maiden  name  was 
Espercia  Caroline 
Seward,  was  born  at 
Albany,  New  York. 
His  common  school 
edncation  was  ob- 
tained in  the  jniblic 
schools  of  his  nati\e 
connty,  where  he 
continned  np  to  the 
time  of  his  coni- 
inu   west  in  search  of  both  fame  and  fortnne 


Koki)  .-iMrrM. 


Rombaner,   and   has  been    actively  engaged   in 
legal  practice  ever  since. 

Mr.  Smith  has  been  most  snccessfnl  in  his 
])rofession,  and  has  laid  np  considerable  of  this 
world's  goods  against  the  coming  of  old  age. 
He  has  attained  a  repntation  as  an  able  lawyer 
and  elcK|utnt  advocate  that  extends  beyond  the 
confines  of  his  State,  and  has  been  engaged  as 

connsel  in  a  great 
nnmber  of  cases  that 
have  attracted  nni- 
ver.sal  attention.  As 
a  connselor  he  is 
noted  for  the  tenac- 
ity and  determina- 
tion with  wliicli  he 
fights  legal  battles, 
and  his  antagonists 
know  that  he  never 
gives  npa  case  nntil 
every  e  .k  p  e  d  i  e  n  t , 
legal  and  otherwise, 
is  exhansted. 

While  he  has  in 
no  sense  neglected 
his  extensive  prac- 
tice, he  has  devoted 
nnich  attention  to 
political  matters,  is 
an  ardent  Rejinb- 
lican,anil  is  rated  one 
of  the  i  n  f  I  ne  n  t  ial 


leaders  of  his  party  in  this  part  of  tjie  State. 
.\n\-  regnlar   plans    he    may  have   had  after     Mnnicipal  political  affairs  he  has  at  Iiis  fingers' 


reaching  his  destination  were  interrn]iled  by 
the  war.  lie  enlislod  from  Illinois  in  the 
Fifty-ninth  Illinois  Infantry  \olnnteers,  of 
which  he  became  sergeant-major.  .\t  the  bat- 
tle of  Pea  Ridge  he  was  severely  wonnded  and 
incapacitated  from  fnrther  service.  When 
parllv    recovered    he    retnrned  to  his  home   in 


end,  and  he  has  been  a  power  in  almost  ever\- 
political  contest  that  has  taken  place  in  the  city 
in  recent  vears.  Xotwithstanding  his  extended 
inflnence,  he  has  always  asked  office  for  others, 
no[  him.self.  Party  fealty  has  been  with  him 
an  article  of  political  faith,  and  he  lias  there- 
fore   been    always    a    snpporter  of   the  regnlar 


Massachnsetts,  and  while  there  resolved  on  com-  organization  and  tlie  regnlar  nominees.  The 
jilcling  his  edncation.  He  entered  Williams  only  olTices  he  has  ever  accepted  were  held  to 
College,  subseqnentlv  took  the  necessary  conrses      the  end  that,  not  himself,   but   his  party  slionid 


518 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOL VS. 


be  served.  He  has  acted  as  a  nieinber  of  the 
State  Repul)lican  Central  Coiumittee;  for  a 
mimber  of  years  he  was  secretary  of  the  City 
Republican  Committee,  and  did  faithful  service 
while  a  meinl)er  of  the  Kij^hth  District  Congres- 
sional Committee. 

Mr.  .Smith  is  domestic  in  his  inclinations,  and 
has  an  interesting  family,  consisting  of  a  wife 
and  two  children.  The  former  before  marriage 
was  Miss  Carrie  Lathrop,  also  a  native  of  Mass- 
achusetts, to  whom  he  was  married  June  11, 
1874.  Roth  cliildren  are  girls,  uaiued  Caroline 
and  Irene. 

MooRH,  Wm.  Gr.\nt,  M.D.,  son  of  \Vm. 
(irant  and  Sara  B.  ( McConuell )  Moore,  was 
born  in  Fayette  county,  Kentucky,  February 
U),  1803.  His  father  was  a  descendant  in  a 
direct  line  of  Daniel  Boone,  and  his  mother  be- 
longed to  a  well-known  family  of  Scotch-Irish 
lawyers.  His  early  education  was  received  in 
the  common  schools  of  Fa\ette,  Kentucky, 
whence  he  went  to  the  State  University  at 
Lexington,  studying  there  for  a  time,  and  sub- 
sequently took  a  collegiate  course  at  the  W'ash- 
iugtou-Lee  l'niversit\"  at  Lexington.  He  then 
attended  the  uiedical  department  of  the  Louis- 
\'ille  Uui\ersity  for  one  session,  and  went  from 
there  to  the  Jefferson  Medical  College,  at  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  graduated  in  1875,  receiving 
his  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine. 

In  l.S7(i  Dr.  Moore  came  to  St.  Louis  and  at 
once  commenced  a  general  practice.  Although 
only  twenty-three  years  of  age  and  compara- 
tively unknown,  yet,  inspired  with  ambition 
and  controlled  by  a  determination  to  rise  in  his 
chosen  profession,  he  worked  hard  and  continu- 
ously until  b\-  degrees  he  began  to  develop  to 
his  friends  and  brother  practitioners  his  abilit}' 
to  handle  most  skillfully  all  cases  in  his  charge, 
and  thus  merited  the  esteem  and  confidence  of 
all  who  knew  him. 

In  1879  he  was  appointed  to  the  chair  of  pro- 
fessor of  histology,  materia  medica  and  thera- 
peutics in  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons. He  was  foremost  among  the  ph3-sicians 
who,  in  the  year  1887,  organized  the  Beaumont 


College,  in  which  institution  he  receixed  the 
chair  of  clinical  medicine.  In  the  following 
year  he  held  the  chair  of  professor  of  principles 
and  practice  of  medicine  and  clinical  medicine, 
which  position  he  now  fills.  Though  the  Doc- 
tor has  no  particular  specialty,  yet  he  is  giving 
his  attention  to,  and  mav  soon  a(lo]H  as  his  s])e- 
cialty,  the  diseases  of  the  chest  and  lungs. 

Dr.  Moore  is  associated  with  a  number  of 
societies,  among  which  ma\-  be  mentioned  the 
St.  Louis  Medical  Society,  the  Medico-Chirur- 
gical  Society,  the  American  Medical  .\ssociation 
and  the  Delta  Psi,  a  secret  association  in  con- 
nection with  the  Washington-Lee  University. 
He  is  also  medical  examiner  of  the  Royal  Arca- 
num and  Legion  of  Honor;  referee  of  the  .\mer- 
ican  Life  Insurance  Compan\-,  of  \'ermout,  \'ir- 
ginia;  clinical  lecturer  of  the  St.  Louis  City 
Hospital,  and  on  the  staff  of  the  St.  Louis  Prot- 
estant Hospital.  He  is  also  a  contributor  to 
several  medical  journals,  and  is  a  very  talented 
and  logical  writer. 

In  March,  1)^7H,  Dr.  Moore  married  ?kliss 
Etolia  T.  North,  daughter  of  one  of  the  oldest 
merchants  of  vSt.  Louis.  He  has  two  bright 
boys  and  one  attractive  daughter,  ]\Iiss  Jessie 
A.,  who  is  attending  school. 

McDox.\LD,  M.\R.sn.\LL  F'r.\xklix,  was  born 
March  14,  1854,  near  Council  Bluffs,  Iowa,  on 
his  father's  old  homestead.  His  parents  were 
Milton  and  Adelpha  (Wood)  McDonald.  Like 
most  farmers'  sons,  he  worked  on  the  farm  dur- 
ing the  spring,  summer  and  fall,  and  attended 
the  district  school  during  the  winter.  At  the 
age  of  sixteen  he  entered  a  drug  store  as  clerk, 
and  remained  in  that  business  until  1875.  In 
187H,  during  the  time  of  his  employment  as  a 
drug  clerk,  he  graduated  from  a  college  of  phar- 
macy in  Chicago.  He  then  began  the  study  of 
medicine  and  surgery,  applying  himself  more 
particularly  to  the  study  of  surgery,  attending 
one  course  of  lectures  under  Professor  Boyd,  of 
Chicago.  It  was  thus  that  he  became  possessed 
of  that  thorough  knowledge  of  chemistry,  ther- 
apeutics and  surgery  that  has  enabled  him  so 
often  to  startle  the  medical  and   surgical  profes- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


519 


sioii  by  his  familiarity  with  those  subjects  in  the      November  28,  1877,  he  landed   at  the  National 
trial   of   imjxirtant    law   cases    involving  expert      Stock   Yards,   at   East   vSt.    Louis,    with   a  train 


medical  and  surgical  testimony. 

In  1871),  when  the  excitement  incident  to  the 
disco\er\-  of  gold  in  the  Jilack  HilLs  was  at  its 
height,  -Mr.  McDonald  concluded  to  lr\-  his 
fortune  there,  and  returning  tt)  his  old  home 
in   Council    Hluffs,  he   scraped    together  all   his 


load  of  cattle  consigned  to  the  firm  of  Irons  & 
Cassidy. 

On  the  following  da\  Mr.  McDonald  found 
liinrsclf  in  the  great  city  of  St.  Louis  without 
a  nickel  in  his  jxfcket  and  not  even  an  ac- 
(juaintance  ujjon  whom  he  could  call  forameal. 


worldh'  effects  and  fitted  out  a  four-nmle  team,  While  strolling  down  what  is  now  Broad wa\',  he 
and  together  with  three  ecimpaniuns  dro\'e  over-  observed  a  load  of  coal  cm  the  sidewalk,  in  front 
laud  to  Sidne\',  Nebraska,  and  from  there  to  the      of  a  small  restaurant,  and  he  innnediately  struck 


Black  Hills,  where 
he  engaged  in  min- 
ing. 

While  working  in 
the  mines,  Mr  Mc- 
Donald contracted  a 
severe  case  of  mount- 
ain fever,  andduring 
the  long  and  severe 
illness  that  followed 
his  mining  interests 
were  ne  cess  ari  1  y 
neglected,  and  he 
tinalh'  found  him- 
self left  without  a 
dollar. 

Unable  to  secure 
proper  care  or  med- 
ical attendanceinthe 
mining  cam]),  he 
prevailed  upon  some 
freighters  to  h  a  u  1 
him  out  of  the  hills, 
and  he  was  accord- 

inglv  placed  in  a  trail  wagon  and  conveyed  to  BrothersS:  Company,  the  wholesale  druggi.sts,  he 
Cheyenne,  a  distance  of  three  hundred  miles,  obtained  a  position  as  drug  clerk  with  Mr.  Heatty, 
Having  partiallv  recovered  from  his  illness,  he  who  then  kept  a  drug  .store  on  Tenth  and  Olive 
worked  his  wav  to  Denver,  Colorado,  and  from  streets,  which  position  he  filled  until  1880, 
there  walked  to  Deer  Trail,  a  distance  of  fifty  when  he  was  appointed  clerk  in  theofliceof  the 
miles,  and  being  entirely  out  of  money  and  still  circuit  attorney  by  Jo.seph  R.  Harris,  who  had 
weak  from  his  long  illness,  he  was  unable  to  go  been  elected  to  that  office.  Believing  that  Mr. 
farther.  .\ Iter  remaining  at  Deer  Trail  for  two  McDonald  possessed  ability  of  a  high  order, 
or  three  weeks,  during  which  time  he  worked  Mr.  Harris  persuaded  him  to  read  law,  and^le 
at  odd  jobs  for  his  board,  he  engaged  with  a  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1881.  During  Mr. 
cattle  shiiijier,  which  enabled  him  to  work  his  Harris'  illness,  Mr.  McDonald  conducted  the 
passage   from    Deer  Trail   to  St.  Louis,  ami   on      business  of  that  important  olTice,  and  in  1«8.1  he 


MARSHALL  LR ANKLIN  McDONAI-l). 


a  bargain  with  the 
proprietor  to  shovel 
inthecoal,  for  which 
service  he  obtained 
the  magnificent  sum 
of  twenty-five  cents 
and  the  first  square 
meal  he  had  eaten 
for  many  a  d  a  y. 
Having  informed 
the  proprietor  of  the 
restaurant  of  his 
misfortunes,  the 
latter  generously 
a  1 1  o  w  ed  Mr.  Mc- 
Donald the  privilege 
of  working  around 
the  restaurant  for  his 
board,  which  posi- 
tion Mr.  McDonald 
filled  for  six  weeks, 
at  the  end  of  which 
time,  through  the 
kindness   of    Me\er 


520 


oi.ii  Axn  xi:\v  ST.  i.ocis. 


was  elected  assistant  circuit  attorney  on  ihc 
Repnlilican  ticket  for  a  term  of  four  years.  It 
was  wliilc  lioldini;  tliis  ofTice  tlial  Mr.  McDou- 
aid  began  to  attract  attention  as  a  lawyer,  and 
soon  became  known  as  a  vigorous  prosecutor. 
During  his  term  of  office  some  of  the  most  cele- 
brated trials  in  the  history  of  criminal  cases 
were  tried  in  St.  Louis,  in  which  he  took  the 
leading  part,  among  which  were  the  Preller- 
Maxwell,  and  the  Chinese  Highbinder  murder 
cases,  in  which  his  matchless  handling  of  the 
facts  and  his  wonderful  knowledge  of  the 
medico-legal  questions  involved  attracted  uni- 
versal attention  among  the  liar  throughout  the 
West. 

Since  retiring  from  office  .Mr.  McDonald  has 
still  further  added  to  his  legal  reputation  bv  suc- 
cessfullj^  conducting  the  defense  in  several  im- 
portant criminal  cases,  the  most  recent  being 
the  celebrated  \'ail  case,  in  which  Mr.  McDon- 
ald was  pitted  against  four  of  the  leading  crim- 
inal lawyers  of  the  West. 

His  practice  is  not  by  any  means  confined  to 
the  criminal  law.  He  is  regularh-  employed  by 
a  large  number  of  business  firms  and  corpora- 
tions. He  has  a  large  and  growing  general 
practice,  and  has  acquired  in  less  than  ten  years 
a  standing  at  the  bar  of  the  cit\'  and  vState  that 
many  lawyers  have  not  been  able  to  achie\-e  in 
a  life-time. 

Hough,  W.vrwick,  was  born  in  Loudon 
county,  Virginia,  Jainiary  2i>,  INiSi!.  In  th.e 
autumn  following,  his  parents,  George  W.  and 
Mary  C.  (Shawen)  Hough,  moved  to  St.  l.,ouis 
county,  Mis.souri,  and  thence,  in  LS;i,s,  to 
Jefferson  City,  where  they  resided  until  the  be- 
ginning of  the  civil  war  in  ISOl.  His  father, 
George  W.  Hough,  was  a  man  of  high  char- 
acter and  of  recognized  ability  and  influence, 
and  took  an  active  and  prominent  part  in  the 
politics  of  Missouri  from  1.S42  until  the  disrup- 
tion of  the  social  conditions  and  industrial  inter- 
ests of  the  State  consequent  upon  the  civil  war, 
when  he  retired  from  active  participation  in 
public  affairs.  He  continued  to  reside  in  Jef- 
ferson Citv  until   his  death,  in  Februarw  ISTS. 


The  subject  of  this  sketch  graduated  from  the 
.State  Uni\ersit}-  of  Missouri  in  l'Sr)4,  and  three 
years  later  the  degree  of  Master  of  .\rts  was 
conferred  upon  him,  and  afterwards,  in  lM.s;i, 
the  degree  of  LL.D.  In  If>.'i4  he  was  selected 
from  the  graduating  class  by  W.  W.  Hudson, 
professor  of  mathematics  in  the  uni\ersily,  to 
make  barometrical  observations  and  calcnlalitnis 
for  Professor  George  C.  .Swallow,  the  head  of 
the  Geological  Sur\ey  of  .Missouri  at  that  lime. 
During  the  same  year  he  was  appointed  assist- 
ant vState  geologist  by  Governor  Sterling  Price. 
His  work  in  this  field  was  eminently  satisfac- 
tory, au<l  the  full  details  of  it  are  to  be  found  in 
the  reports  of  B.  F.  Shumard  and  .\.  !>.  Meek, 
jM'iuted  in  the  geological  reports  of  the  State. 

Karly  in  ls.")7  he  entered  the  law  office  of 
Judge  E.  L.  Edwards,  of  Jeffer.sou  City,  and  for 
the  next  two  years  devoted  his  entire  time  to 
the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  Januar\-,   LSoit. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Twentieth  (rcneral  As- 
seudDly  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Senate, 
and  served  in  that  ca])acit>-  during  the  winters 
of  1858-59,  185;MiO  and  18(i()-()l.  In  ISiio  he 
formed  a  law  partnership  with  Hon.  J.  Proctor 
Knott,  then  attorney-general  of  the  State,  sub- 
sequently a  memljer  of  Congress  from  Kentucky-, 
and  recently  governor  of  that  State.  He  was 
appointed  adjutant-general  by  Governor  Clai- 
borne F.  Jackson,  going  south  with  governor 
Jackson  and  ser\-ing  with  him  until  the  go\- 
ernor's  death,  when  he  was  appointed  secretary 
of  state  by  Governor  Thomas  C.  Reynolds,  who, 
as  lieutenant-governor,  succeeded  Go\'ernor 
Jackson,  which  position  he  resigned  in  Decem- 
ber, 1803.  In  February,  18(54,  he  was  assigned 
to  duty  on  the  staff  of  Lieutenant-General  Polk. 
After  General  Polk's  death  he  served  with  Gen- 
eral Stephen  D.  Lee,  and  afterwards  on  the  staff 
of  General  Dick  Taylor,  with  whom  he  surren- 
dered in  May,  18(i5.  Unable  to  return  to  the 
practice  of  law  in  Missouri  after  the  close  of  the 
war,  on  account  of  the  proscriptive  provisions 
of  the  Drake  Constitution,  he  opened  a  law  of- 
fice in  INIemphis,  Tennessee,  in  1865,  where  he 
resided    until    the    abolition    of    test-oaths     for 


n 


c^-^ 


/    -L^l^^-c^      '^ 


>vVz^  t^,^  <»V6  ^^^'^  o-^-^yi^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


521 


att()riu"\s  in  l"S(i7.  In  the  fall  of  tliat  year  he 
came  back  again  to  Missouri,  locating  in  Kan- 
sas Cit\-,  wliere  he  engaged  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession  until  l'S74,  when  he  was 
reconnnendcd  for  the  position  of  judge  of  the 
vSu]n-enie  Court  by  the  entire  bar,  without  dis- 
tinction of  party,  of  Jackson  and  adjacent 
counties. 

He  received  the  nomination  of  the  Democratic 
.State  Convention  for  that  office,  and  in  Novem- 
ber, 1S7I,  was  elected  a  judge  of  the  .Supreme 
Court  of  the  State  of  Missouri  for  the  period  of 
ten  vears,  from  the  first  day  of  January,  1<S75. 
At  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  service  on  the 
.Supreme  P>enc!i,  on  Januar\-  1,  l-SS,'),  lie  remo\-ed 
from  Jefferson  City  to  the  city  of  St.  Louis,  and 
that  day  entered  into  partnership,  for  the  prac- 
tice of  the  law,  with  Messrs.  John  H.  ( )\-erall 
ami  I'ri-derick  X.  judsnu,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Hough,  (Overall  ^  Judson.  This  copartner- 
ship was  dissolved  by  mutual  consent  on  the 
first  day  of  January,  l^^i'O,  Judge  Hough  contin- 
uing the  ])ractice,  in  copartnershij)  with  his 
son,  Warwick  M.  Hough,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Hough  i!s;  Huugh.  More  recenth'  Judge 
1  Imigh  has  receix'ed  the  appointment  of  Receiver 
of  the  Soni.x  City  iS:  Xortliern  and  .Sioux  City, 
O'Neill  iS:  Northern  railroads,  (the  Pacific 
short  line.  ) 

While  he  has  always  l)een  ardenth'  dc\-oled 
to  his  profession.  Judge  Hough  has  found  lime 
to  gatlier  a  wast  fund  of  knowledge  and  a  wide 
range  of  information  on  c\cry  conceivable  sub- 
ject. 

Ivveu  his  scholastic  studies  did  not  end  with 
his  college  days.  .\s  a  result  of  this  pains- 
taking stud\'  and  research  he  is  known  as  one 
of  tlu'  best  equipped  and  most  scholarly  num- 
bers of  the  legal  profession  in  the  West. 

Judge  Hough  is  above  the  medium  height, 
strongly  and  compactly  built,  easy  and  graceful 
in  his  deportment,  combining  that  sua\Mty  and 
dignit\'  that  at  once  bespeaks  the  man  of  strong 
character  and  indi\idualit\  ,  while  iiossessing 
that  gentleness  and  kindliness  of  manner  that 
so  distincti\el\-  mark  the  courteous,  well-bred 
yfentleman. 


Judge  Hough  was  married  in  May,  DStil,  to 
Miss  Nina  E.  Massey,  daughter  of  Hon.  Benja- 
min I'".  ]\Iassey,  of  Sj^ringfield,  Missouri,  then 
secretary  of  state,  and  has  five  children. 

Force,  Houston  T.,  son  of  P>enjamin  Ward 
and  Julia  (Harper)  Force,  w'as  born  in  Charles- 
ton, South  Carolina,  in  l.sr)2.  P>oth  his  parents 
were  thoroughgoing  Americans,  and  their  son 
was  taught  from  infancy  to  appreciate  at  their 
true  worth  the  privileges  of  true  American  citi- 
zenship. During  the  early  days  of  .South  Caro- 
lina the  Forces  were  i)roininent  i)eople,  and  for 
many  years  before  the  war  between  the  States 
his  father  was  a  prominent  and  wealth)-  whole- 
sale merchant  of  Charleston.  He  received  a 
common  school  education  in  Charleston,  which 
was  interrupted  by  the  outbreak  of  the  war. 
When  the  PV-derals  bombarded  Charleston,  the 
Force  famih-  sought  refuge  in  middle  Georgia, 
the  father  and  three  elder  brothers  being  in  the 
Confederate  service.  At  the  age  of  fifteen 
young  Force  secnred  employment  as  a  lxx)k- 
keeper  in  a  New  York  manufactory. 

He  remained  in  New  York  until  1S7II,  when 
he  returned  to  the  .South  and  clerked  for  his 
father  in  the  wholesale  shoe  bnsiness  at  Atlanta, 
(Georgia.  .\fter  two  years  of  this  work,  and 
when  he  was  bareh'  twent\'  \ears  of  age,  he 
mo\ed  to  Memphis,  Tennessee,  where  he  en- 
gaged in  the  hat  jobbing  business.  The  marked 
success  which  crowned  his  effort  in  this  work 
prom])ted  him  to  again  seek  employment  in 
a  metro])olitan  city,  and  he  accordinglv  came 
to  .St.  lyouis  in  1S77,  and  associated  him- 
self with  the  firm  of  Watkins  &  Gilliland, 
wholesale  hat  dealers.  His  services  proved  to 
be  extremely  valuable,  and  the  opening  of  the 
\ear  l<s.s-2  found  him  a  member  of  the  firm, 
which  was  incorporated  as  the  Kinibrongh-Scott 
Hat  Company.  The  company  has  remained  in 
business  ever  since,  though  on  tlie  death  of  Mr. 
Kimbrongh  the  style  was  changed  to  the  Scott- 
Force  Hal  Company,  with  Mr.  Force  as  presi- 
dent. The  company  now  stands  high  in  the 
hat  trade,  and  docs  an  enormous  business  in  all 
parts  of  the   West   and    .Southwest. 


522 


OLD  AND  MkW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Mr.  Force  is  a  self-made  man  and  a  goiuiiiie 
philaiitliropist,  doing  mnch  good  in  a  qniet,  un- 
ostentations  manner.  He  was  reared  in  llic 
Presbyterian  faith.  He  was  married  in  LSTli  to 
Miss  .\nna  I^nnipkin,  daughter  of  Colorel  Jolm 
W.  Lumpkin,  of  Tennessee,  of  the  prominent 
Georgia  family  of  that  name,  conspicnons  in  the 
literary  and  political  history  of  the  State  of 
Georgia. 

Joy,  Ch.\RLKS  Frhdkrick,  ranks  among  the 
most  prominent  lawyers  in  St.  Louis,  and  he 
has  also  proved  himself  to  be  a  legislator  of 
marked  ability  and  integrity.  \\\.  Joy  is  still 
quite  a  young  man,  and  has  before  him  a  career, 
both  on  the  bench  and  in  Congress,  which  is  a 
source  of  unlimited  gratification  to  his  countless 
friends.  He  is  at  the  present  time  practicing  his 
profession  in  St.  Louis,  on  account  of  the  action 
of  a  section  of  the  Democratic  members  of 
the  fifty-second  Congress,  who  recently  unseated 
him  on  a  technicality.  That  he  was  fairly  elected 
over  his  Democratic  op]ioneut  in  llSil:^  has  never 
been  questioned  in  vSt.  I^ouis,  or,  indeed,  in 
Washington,  and  his  unseating  was  one  of  those 
political  blunders  which,  to  use  the  language  of 
the  great  French  emperor,  arc  worse  than 
crimes. 

When  the  news  reached  St.  Louis  that  the 
wishes  of  the  voters  of  the  Ninth  Missouri  Dis- 
trict had  been  treated  with  contemjit,  and  that 
the  congressman  of  their  choice  had  been  turned 
down  to  make  room  for  his  defeated  oj^ponent, 
the  greatest  indignation  was  expressed,  and  at 
the  time  of  this  writing  efforts  are  being  made 
to  compel  Mr.  Joy  to  accept  a  renomination  and 
to  allow  the  more  honorable  among  his  political 
opponents  an  opportunity  to  vote  for  him  as  a 
protest  against  an  act  they  all  denounce. 

The  man  who  will  represent  the  Eleventh 
District  in  the  fifty-fourth  Congress  was  born  in 
Jacksonville,  Illinois,  December  11, 1849,  his  par- 
ents being  Charles  and  Georgiana  Eunice  (Ames) 
Joy.  His  preliminary  education  was  received 
in  his  native  city,  after  which  he  entered  Yale 
and  graduated  in  the  class  of  1874.  From  Vale 
young   Mr.    Joy   went   to    Shamokin,    Pennsyl- 


vania, where,  after  studying  law  for  a  year,  he 
was  admitted  to  the  Pennsylvania  bar.  He 
aliiU)sl  ininu-diateK'  came  to  ,Sl.  Louis,  where 
he  was  examined  for  the  State  courts  by  Judge 
Hamilton,  and  for  the  Cnited  States  courts  by 
Hon.  John  W.  N\)ble.  Passing  his  examina- 
tions without  difficulty,  he  entered  into  a  ])art- 
nership  with  Mr.  Joseph  R.  Harris,  and  ])rac- 
ticed  with  that  gentleman  until  his  election  for 
the  circuit  attorneyship. 

Since  then  Mr.  Joy  has  practiced  alone,  and 
has  enjoyed  a  most  lucrative  and  honorable 
practice.  He  is  regarded  as  an  cxjiert  in  ci\il 
and  corporation  law,  but  has  also  distinguished 
hinrself  in  se\cral  criminal  cases,  notably  in  the 
defense  of  John  A.  Cockrell  for  the  sensational 
killing  of  A.  W.  Slayback. 

In  the  fall  of  ISilO  he  was  nominated  for 
Congress  for  the  Ninth  District  in  spite  of  his 
protest.  Tlie  demands  of  his  law  practice  pre- 
\-ented  him  from  conducting  an  active  cam- 
paign, and  he  was  not  elected.  Two  years  later 
he  was  renominated,  but  again  was  unable  to 
make  as  \igorous  a  race  as  he  desired,  and  he 
repeatedly  requested  to  have  his  name  removed 
from  the  ticket.  His  great  personal  popularity 
and  his  untarnished  reputation  resulted  in  his 
running  s'=-\'eral  hundred  votes  abo\'e  his  ticket 
and  in  his  election.  His  opponent,  who  had 
made  the  race  of  his  life  to  hold  his  seat,  con- 
tested the  election,  and  although  the  result  of 
the  recount  increased  Mr.  Joy's  majority  consid- 
erably, he  was,  as  already  stated,  unseated  to 
meet  a  political  exigency  and  without  regard 
to  the  merits  of  the  contest. 

Mr.  Joy  married,  in  Salem,  Connecticut,  Miss 
Arabel  Ordway,  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Jairus 
Ordway  of  that  city.  Mrs.  Joy  died  in  Decem- 
ber, 1880,  leaving  one  child  which  has  since 
died. 

NiCHOLLS,  CiiARLK.s  C,  although  not  yet  forty 
years  of  age,  is  one  of  the  prominent  real  estate 
operators  in  the  West,  and  .St.  Louis  is  greatly 
indebted  to  him  for  his  persistent  energy  and 
the  faith  he  has  shown  in  the  future  growth 
both  of  the  cit\'  and  of  its  realtv  values.      He  is  a 


BTOGRAPHICA  /,    APPENPTX. 


523 


man  of  very  decided  convictions  and  of  the  Tliree  years  later  lie  had  about  completed  ar- 
strictest  possible  business  probity.  He  is  one  raugenieuts  to  ,^o  into  business,  when  he  was 
of  those  men  whose  word  is  accepted  on  every  offered  an  interest  in  the  firm  if  he  would  re- 
occasion  on  every  subject,  and  this  unique  rep-  main  in  it.  He  accepted  the  proposition,  and 
utation  has  brought  into  his  hands  transactions  the  Beard  &  Brother  Safe  and  Lock  Company  was 
of  an  exceptionally  large  character.  formed,  Mr.  Nicholls  being  made  secretary  of 
Mr.  Nicholls  was  born  in  Camden,  New  Jer-  the  company  and  receiving  as  reward  for  meri- 
sey,  January  4,  1.S.').5.  He  combines  both  Old  tnridus  service  a  large  interest  in  it.  When  Mr. 
and    New    luigland    blood,    his    father  being  a  Beard    died    the   company  was  wound    up,  Mr. 


niember  of  an  Knglish  famih-,  while  his  mother 
was  a  native  of  Philadelphia,  Pennsyhania. 
Youno:  Nicholls   re- 


NichoUs    acting  as  administrator    and    closing 
out   the  estate,  which   was   valued    at    about   a 

cjiiarter  of  a  million. 


ceived  an  excellent 
education  in  the  pub- 
lie  schools  of  Phil- 
adelphia, and  al- 
though he  left  school 
at  ([uite  an  early  age 
h  e  fi  r  s  t  ]i  a  s  s  e  d 
through  the  Phila- 
delphia High  School, 
and  being  exception- 
ally studious  and 
well  adapted  to  ac- 
quiring information, 
he  was  fully  ecpiip- 
])ed  for  a  profes- 
sional career  when 
he  commenced  the 
battle  of  life. 

His  first  work  was 
as  a  clerk  in  a  nnisic 
store,  where  he  re- 
mained for  five  years. 
During   that   period 


About  eight  years 
ago  he  opened  up  a 
real  estate  office  at 
720  Chestnut  street, 
and  in  1.S8S  he  se- 
cured a  more  favor- 
able location  at  7  \'.\ 
Chestnut  street.  In 
.\pril,  1.S!I2,  Mr.  Iv 
p.  \'.  Ritter,  who 
had  just  severed  his 
connection  with  the 
P'amo  us  Shoe  and 
Clothing  Coinjiaiu-, 
purchased  a  half  in- 
terest in  thebusiness, 
and  the  Nicholls- 
Ritter  Realty  and 
Financial  Comjiany 
was  formed. 

Bnih  while  1k'  was 

in      business     alone 

and  since  the  forma- 

allhoiigh   at      tion  of  the  last  named  coinpaiu'   very  extensive 


il 


»• 


.^ 


CHARLES  C.  NICHOLLS. 


he   paid  a  visit   to    St.    I.nuis,    aiu 

thai  time  the  cit\  had  not  commenced  its  .second  operations    have   been   successfully  carried  out. 

growth,   he  saw  at  once  that    its  location  was  Forest   Park    Place,  north   of   Poorest   Park,  was 

such  that  it  was  destined  to  grow  from  its  then  laid  out  and  a  very  handsome  profit  realized  on 

existing  proportions  to  those  of  a  great  metro-  the  transaction.     The  Bonhoinme  Heights  tract 

politan   city.      He    accordingly,   in  September,  is  also  managed  by  this  ccuupany,  and  also  the 

1H7I,  located  here  and  secured  a  position  in  the  Chouteau   Place  tract.     Other  very  large  trans- 

ver\    old-established   firm  of  Beard  lS:   Brother,  actions  are  either  in  course  of  progress  or  just 

manufacturers  of  iron  safes  and  colldU  lies.    l'"or  completed,  and  at    this  lime  the  firm  stands  in 

one  year  he  acted  as  assistant  book-keeper,  dur-  the  front  rank  of   leading  real    estate   operators 

ing  which  time  his  sterling  worth  was  so  appar-  in  St.  Louis, 
ent  that    he   was    appointed    general  manager.  In  ••'^''^l  .Mr.  Nicholls  married   Miss  Julia  C. 


')24 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Chamherlaiii,  of  this  cit\-.      Mr.  and  Mrs.  Xich- 
olls  have  two  cliildrcii. 

Tlie  fainily  are  rej^ular  attendants  at  the 
Grand  Avenue  Presbyterian  Church,  of  whicli 
church  Mr.  Nicholls  has  been  an  elder  about 
three  years. 

Hezki.,  WalTKR  M. — .Mtliough  yet  a  youus; 
Ulan  not  hcxoiid  liis  twenties,  tliere  are  few  at- 
torne\s  in  St.  Louis  better  known,  or  more  poj)- 
ular,  til  an  Walter  M.  Hezel.  He  was  born 
August  2ii,  liS()(),  at  Belleville,  Illinois,  and  is 
the  son  of  Morris  and  Mar}-  (Bauer)  Hezel,  the 
names  indicating  that  from  both  stems  of  the 
genealogical  tree  he  inherited  pure  German 
blood. 

He  acquired  a  knowledge  of  the  common  or 
rudimeutarv  educational  branches  in  the  town 
ill  which  he  was  born  and  spent  his  youth. 
Subsequeuth  he  recei\ed  the  higher  and  finish- 
ing courses  at  the  Christian  Brothers'  College, 
in  this  city. 

In  making  his  choice  of  a  profession,  after 
leaving  college,  he  was  fortunate  in  adopting 
the  law,  a  profession  to  which  he  is  well  adapted, 
as  subsequent  circumstances  have  proved.  He 
became  a  student  at  the  .St.  Louis  Law  School, 
and  in  June,  1.S.S4,  graduated,  and  within  the 
same  month  was  admitted  to  the  bar  for  prac- 
tice. 

Some  3'ears  since,  he  became  associated  with 
Broadhead  &  Haeussler,  and  in  October,  IXDl, 
entered  into  partnershij)  with  Charles  S.  Broad- 
head.  Mr.  Hezel  overcame  the  adverse  cir- 
cumstances that  usually  beset  a  young  attor- 
ney in  beginning  practice  within  a  time  and 
manner  which  was  very  flattering  to  his  ability, 
and  now  has  a  reputation  and  practice  which 
many  attorneys  more  than  twice  his  age  may 
well  envy. 

He  is  enthusiastically  interested  in  public  af- 
fairs, and  was  urged  a  few  years  ago  to  become 
a  candidate  for  prosecuting  attorne}-  on  an  inde- 
pendent ticket.  He  refused  to  allow  the  use  of 
his  name,  one  of  his  reasons  being  that  he  is  a 
staunch  Democrat. 

Personally  he  is  a  good  fellow,  entertaining 


and  genial;  and  taking  his  wide-extending 
l)opularit\  as  a  basis,  it  in.i\-  confidentK'  be 
predicted  that  he  may  some  day  have  any  re- 
sponsible office  to  which  he  may  aspire  in  the 
gift  of  either  niunicipality  or  State. 

Mr.  Hezel  was  married  October  2(5,  18!l-2,  to 
Miss  Ida  L.  Gempp,  daughter  of  II.  fieiu]i]i,  a 
leading  druggist  of  St.  Louis. 

H.\.\.SE,  Ch.\kles,  a  successful  business  man, 
and  a  carriage  manufacturer  who  is  thoroughly 
conversant  with  every  detail  in  connection  with 
the  business,  is  a  native  of  (Germany,  in  which 
country  he  was  born  October  7,  1S41.  His 
jiarents  were  Christ  and  So])liia  (Cook)  Haase, 
b\-  whom  he  was  well  educated. 

When  about  twenty-five  years  of  age  he  de- 
cided to  emigrate  to  America,  and  came  to  St. 
Louis  in  l.sii'S.  He  secured  emjiloyment  as  a 
woodworker  for  various  firms,  and  ccnitinued  as 
a  journeyman  for  some  three  years,  when  lie 
started  in  business  for  himself  in  connection 
with  the  old  firm  of  McCall,  Lancaster  &: 
Haase. 

His  complete  attention  was  given  to  carriage 
manufacturing,  and  several  \-ery  valuable  im- 
liro\ciiients  were  devised  and  carried  out  b\-  the 
partners,  and  especialh-  b\-  the  suliject  of  this 
sketch,  who  was  a  hard  worker  and  an  old  be- 
liever in  thoroughness  in  every  detail.  Mr. 
Lancaster  died  two  years  after  tlie  firm  was  es- 
tablished, and  the  name  was  changed  to  WcCall 
&  Haase.  In  lySf)  the  business  had  assumed 
such  magnitude  that  it  was  decided  to  incorpo- 
rate under  the  laws  of  the  State,  and  the  McCall 
&  Haase  Carriage  Company  of  to-day  came  into 
existence. 

The  depository  of  this  firm  is  an  exceptionally 
large  one.  It  is  situated  at  Eighteenth  and  Pine 
streets,  within  two  blocks  of  the  new  Union  Sta- 
tion, and  where  an  immense  stock  of  carriages 
is  carried. 

Mr.  Haase  is  well  known  in  social  and  society 
circles,  and  is  a  popular  member  of  the  Legion  of 
Honor,  the  Royal  Arcanum,  and  the  A.  O.  U.  W. 
In  December,  1.S74,  he  married  ]\Iiss  Elizabeth 
Williams,  of  this  city. 


BIOGRAPIUCAL  APPENDIX. 


525 


Talty,  John  A.,  a  prominent  lawyer,  and  a  and  Mr.  Talty  continned  practicinji;  alone.  He 
man  wlio  is  thoronglily  versed  in  every  point  was  appointed  jnd.i^e  of  the  Court  of  Criminal 
and  technicalit)' of  civil  law,  has  worked  his  way  Correction  in  ISIiO^  and  served  abont  a  year, 
np  to  his  present  eminence  from  small  begin-  He  was  nominated  by  the  Republican  conven- 
nings.  He  is  still  quite  a  young  man,  his  life  tion  in  \W\  for  the  same  office,  and  made  an 
ha\'ing  commenced  jnst  at  the  outbreak  of  the     excellent  race. 

war.      But,  although   scarcely  thirt\'-f(jur   \-ears  Mr.  Talt\'  is  In-  con\'iction  an   ardent   Repub- 

of  age,  he  has  made  his  influence  and  power  lican,  and  he  has  taken  great  interest  in  local 
felt,  both  in  legal  and  political  circles,  and  has  political  affairs,  being  regarded  as  a  party  man 
also  shown  a  judicial  abilitx'  which  jjoints  very  of  great  value,  both  on  account  of  his  conserva- 
conclusively  towards  his  future  success  as  a  judge      tive  tendencies,  and   also  of  his  willingness  to 

work.  He  is  one  of 
the  leaders  of  the  lo- 
cal Republican  party 
and,  as  already  inti- 
mated, is  marked  for 
early  advancement. 
Judge  Talty  is  un- 
married. He  is  a 
memberof  the  Roval 
.\rcanum,  and  is  a 
charter  member  of 
the  Oriental  Lodge 
of  the  .\.  U.  U.  W. 
His  handsome  per- 
sonal appearance, 
his  genial  manner, 
and  his  conspicuous 
al)ilit\',  make  him 
one  of  the  most 
jjromineut  and  best 
respected  members 
of  the  local  bar,  and 
his  future  is  an 
enviable  one. 
!•".,  is  one  of  the  suc- 
po])ular    physicians   of 


of  one  of  the  higher 

courts. 

Judge  Tall)-  is  the 

son    of     Patrick    H. 

a  u  d      C  a  t  h  e  r  i  n  e 

(Vaughn)      Tally, 

and  he   was  born    in 

Moline,      Illinois, 

August     -li,     IS  (id. 

He       recei\ed      h  i  s 

education     in      the 

schools  of  his  nati\'e 

toNtn,  and    his    first 

work  was   as  a  sten- 

ogra])lier    in   a  local 

mercantile    concern. 

He     had     already 

a  c  f|  u  i  r  e  d    cj  u  i  t  e  a 

liking   for  the   legal 

profession,     and     in 

.May,   l.SSO,  he  came 

to    St.    I/)uis,    act- 
uated    \x-ry    much 

b\-  a   desire  to  study 

law  and  l)econK'a  nicuibrrof  the  legal  profession. 
With  this  end  in  \icw  he  acce])teil  a   position 

as  stenographer  with  the  firm  of  Johusou,  Lodge      St.  Louis.      Ha\ing   had   the    benefit   of  educa- 

X:   Johusou,    working    at    his   desk    during  the      tion  and  experience,  l)oth  in  Europe  and  .\mer- 

day  and  studying  law  at  intervals,  and  especially      ica,  he  has  made  the  best  of  his  advantages,  and 

during  the  e\-enings.  lie  made  rapid  ])rogress  has  attained  an  eminence  in  the  medical  pro- 
fession which  is  a  source  of  much  gratification 
to  his  friends. 

Dr.  Ludwig  was  born  May  .■),  l,s;i(i,  in  Lan- 
dau, one  of  the  fortified  cities  of  Rhenish  Ba- 
varia.     His  father,  Dr.  John  V.  Ludwig,  was  a 


JOHN    A.    TALTY. 


LiDwic,  CiiAKi.i-:s  \' 
ccssful   and    jnstl\-    and 


with  his  studies,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  ISSi',  shortly  after  attaining  his  majoritv. 
lie  cnnimenced  jiractice  almost  immediateK', 
and  in  l.s.s;'>  he  formed  a  copartnership  with 
Mr.  Jose]di  (i.  Lodge.      He  continued  with  this 


gentleman  until    lM»n,    when    Mi.  Lodge   died,      military  surgeon  in  the  Ninth  Infantry  Regiment 


526 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


of  the  Ravariau  Army.  His  mother,  Josephine  J. 
(Bellon)  Ludwig,  was  the  daughter  of  the  ex- 
mayor  of  Landau.  On  both  .sides  of  his  auce.s- 
tral  tree,  Dr.  Ludwig  is  of  distinguished  descent, 
and  he  inherits  many  of  the  characteristics 
which  made  his  ancestors  successful  and  re- 
spected in  their  native  countrw 

Dr.  Ludwig  graduated  from  the  higli  scliool 
at  Landau,  and  then  entered  the  university  at 
Speyer,  where  he  remained  until  his  parents 
migrated  to  America.  He  accompanied  them, 
and  settling  in  St. 
Louis  continued 
his  studies  and  grad- 
uated from  the  St. 
Louis  Medical  Col- 
lege, March  (i,  l.s.')'S. 
After  receiving  his 
degree  he  was  ap- 
pointed resident 
phvsician  of  the 
( )'  Kallon  Dispen.sary 
of  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  College,  and 
assistant  surgeon  to 
Dr.  Charles  A.  Pope. 
He  also  became  cura- 
tor of  the  college,  an 
office  which  he  held 
until  the  outbreak  of 
the  war.  He  was 
mustered  into  the 
service  of  the  United 
States  Army  on  the 
occasion  of  Lincoln's 

first  call  for  troops,  and  was  commissioned  assist- 
ant surgeon  of  the  Third  Regiment  of  Missouri 
Infantry  Volunteers.  He  accompanied  the  regi- 
ment through  all  its  engagements  during  the 
southwestern  expedition  under  Generals  Lyon 
and  Sigel.  He  was  present  at  the  battles  of 
Carthage  and  Wilson's  Creek,  and  also  sub.se- 
quently  he  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  reg- 
imental surgeon  of  the  First  Regiment,  Mis- 
souri Volunteers.  After  the  battle  of  Pea  Ridge, 
Arkansas,  he  became  surgeon-in-chief  of  the 
Post  Hospital  at  Pacific  City,  Mis.souri. 


CHARLES  V.  F.  LUDWIQ. 


-Vfter  the  war  was  over  Dr.  Ludwig  resumed 
the  practice  of  medicine,  and  in  isiw;  lie  in- 
vented a  system  of  water  filtration  of  an  exceed- 
ingly valuable  character.  Unfortunately,  it  was 
not  adopted  in  Si.  Lmiis,  or  the  supply  from  the 
mains  would  be  of  a  far  more  agreeable  charac- 
ter. He  is  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  Medical 
Society,  the  State  Medical  Association  of  Mis- 
souri, the  American  Medical  Association,  the 
Alumni  Association  of  the  St.  Louis  Medical 
College,oftheKnightsof  Honor,  thcA.O.  U.W., 

and  is  a  Mason  in 
good  standing.  The 
Doctor  is  also  post 
surgeon  of  the  Frank 
P.  P.lair  Po.st  of  the 
( irand  Arniv  of  the 
Republic. 

The  Doctor  is  a 
Republican  in  poli- 
tics, and  cast  his  first 
vote  for  President 
Lincoln.  In  IMI")  he 
was  president  of  the 
Charcoal  Club,  which 
was  formed  in  the 
F'ifth  Ward,  now  the 
Third,  in  opposition 
to  the  CI  a}- bank 
Democratic  Club. 

The  Doctor  mar- 
ried, September  22, 
I.S08,  Miss  Emily 
(iantie,  only  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  Theodore 
and  Mrs.  Kmily  Gantie,  both  from  Paris,  France. 
Mr.  Gantie  was  a  prosperous  merchant  and  im- 
porter of  fine  cloth,  whose  place  of  business 
was  on  ]\Iain  street,  between  Market  and  Wal- 
nut. 

The  great  fire  of  1848  destroyed  his  en- 
tire building  and  large  stock  of  goods.  He  was 
one  of  the  finst  to  rebuild  and  re-establi.sh  his 
business,  in  which  he  continued  to  be  pros- 
perous. 

He  retired  from  business  in  USCO,  and  died 
in  1877. 


n/OCrRA PHICAL  APPENDIX. 


527 


Dr.  Liulwig  was  always  fascinated  with  the 
study  of  nature's  laws  and  forces.  One  of  his 
pet  studies  was  aerial  na\'i station,  embracing  a 
s\stein  the  ])rincii)le  of  wliicli  is  jet  motion,  for 
which  he  claims  priorit\-. 

Bliss,  H.a.rmon  J. — Of  the  younger  members 
who  are  competent  to  take  up  the  burden  and 
sustain  the  brilliant  record  made  bv  the  able 
men  who  luue  reflected  honor  and  credit  on  St. 
Louis  as  members  of  her  bar,  there  is  none  who 
excites  greater  ex- 
pectations, and  none 
more  worth\-  than 
the  young  m  a  n 
whose  name  is  writ- 
ten at  the  Ijeginning 
of  this  brief  biogra- 
phy. He  has  been 
a  member  of  onr  bar 
only  a  comparati\'ely 
short  term  of  \ears, 
and  yet  he  has  won 
a  reputation  and  suc- 
cess that  an\-  xonng 
attorney  might  well 
be  proud  of. 

Harmon  J.  lliiss 
was  born  in  West- 
field,  Chan  tan  qua 
county,  Xew  \'(nk, 
Xovend)er  III,  is.l.sl 
Ilis  father,  HaruKin 
J.,  died  in  ISfi;!, 
lea\'ing  his  son   and 

namesake  fatherless  at  the  age  of  five  years. 
But  his  mother  was  a  woman  of  high  principles 
of  rectitude,  self-reliant,  and  of  a  strong  and  ex- 
cellent character,  and  llic  rearing  of  her  son 
being  thus  left  eiitinlv  Ici  her,  he  was  given  the 
best  capital  that  can  be  inherited  by  an\-  bo\- — 
the  knowledge  and  principles  instilled  b\'  a 
nicilher's  leaching.  TIr-  inotIier"s  name,  before 
her  marriage,  was  .Mary  I{.  I'lnmb,  and  she  is 
yet  living  at  Detroit,  Michigan.  His  mother 
knew  tin-  inestimable  adxantages  of  a  good  edu- 
cation, and  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  early 


HARMON  J.   IJIJSS. 


sent  to  the  common  school,  and  to  the  academv 
of  his  native  i)lace,  and  having  finished  his 
course  there,  he  entered  Hamilton  College,  near 
Utica,  New  York,  from  which  institution  he 
graduated  in  1881,  .standing  high  in  his  class. 

Soon  after  graduation,  having  selected  the 
law  as  a  profession,  he  entered  the  office  of 
^Messrs.  Williams  and  Potter,  in  Buffalo,  New 
York,  as  a  .student.  After  some  time  pas.sed  in 
the  study  of  the  law  in  I^uffalo,  he  accepted  the 
position  of  classical  in.structpr  in  a  private  school 

for  boys,  in  New  Or- 
leans, wdiere  he  re- 
mo\-ed  ill  the  fall  of 
18<So,  .still  pursuing 
his  legal  studies 
when  not  engaged 
in  the  duties  of  his 
])ositiou.  In  May, 
ISS."),  he  removed  to 
,St.  Louis,  with  a 
\iew  of  permanently 
locating  for  the  prac- 
ticeof  his  profession, 
and  in  ( )ctober  of  the 
same  year  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  bar. 
He  at  once  opened 
an  olTice  for  practice, 
and  has  since  con- 
tinued alone. 

Mr.  Bliss  is  con- 
sidered a  young  law- 
yer of  much  promise. 
He  is  ambitious, 
talented,  and  a  student,  and  his  friends  do  not 
doubt  that  he  will  compel  success  in  his  chosen 
\()cation.  He  is  liberal  in  all  his  \iews,  and 
while  in  political  belief  he  is  a  staunch  Demo- 
crat, ill  nothing  is  he  a  bigot.  Mr.  Bliss  is 
unmarried. 


l'"KtiN,  Ji;ri:miaii,  isa  man  of  ceaseless  energy 
and  great  personal  magnetism.  He  has  risen  to 
his  present  prominent  position  in  the  city  by 
dint  of  hard  work  and  by  introducing  into  his 
business  the  best  methods  and  the  most  coucise 


528 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


system.  He  is  vice-president  of  tlic  I'Vuiii-liam- 
brick  Construction  Company,  and  has  worked 
for  many  years  in  connection  with  Mr.  William 
H.  Swift,  of  whose  career  we  have  spoken  at 
length  on  a  preceding  page. 

Mr.  Fruin  is  a  member  of  the  large  class  of  self- 
made  men  which  has  had  and  still  exerts  such  a 
conspicuous  influence  on  the  destinies  of  the 
great  West  and  Southwest.  He  is  not  by  any 
means  a  conspicuous  politician,  althougli  he 
has  given  to  practical  legislation  a  great  deal 
of  study  and  attention.  His  wortli  as  a  citizen, 
and  his  reliability  as  a  business  and  professional 
man, was  recently  recognized  by  Governor  Stone, 
who  appointed  him  a  police  commissioner  in 
St.  Luuis. 

When  the  ap])ointment  was  first  announced 
there  was  some  doubt  as  to  whether  Mr.  Fruin 
would  accept  it.  The  salary  attached  to  the 
office  is  purely  nominal,  and  to  a  man  of  Mr. 
Fruin's  wealth  was  a  matter  of  no  importance. 
He  had,  moreover,  no  "  fish  to  fry"  and  no 
particular  ends  to  ser\-e.  .\  sense  of  public  duty, 
however,  constrained  him  to  accept  the  aj^point- 
ment,  and  he  has  alread\-  proved  himself  to  be 
admiral)l\'  adapted  for  the  position,  displa\ing 
executive  ability  and  marked  impartiality  on 
every  occasion  of  importance. 

To-day  Mr.  F'ruin  stands  in  the  foremost  rank 
of  reliable,  jjrogressive  St.  Louis  men,  and  he 
never  refused  his  sanction  to  any  project  of  a 
legitimate  character  calculated  to  benefit  the 
city  in  any  way. 

Mr.  FVuin  was  born  in  Ireland,  on  Juh-  <!, 
1831,  but  he  carries  his  years  so  well  that  he  is 
seldom  suspected  of  being  in  the  sixties.  When 
he  was  a  mere  child  his  parents,  John  and  Cath- 
erine Fruin,  decided  to  make  their  home  in  this 
country,  and  they  accordingly  landed  in  New 
York  in  l.'S34  with  their  young  son.  His 
father  obtained  several  contracts  from  the  New 
York  and  Brooklyn  municipalities,  and  young 
Fruin,  as  soon  as  he  was  old  enough,  com- 
menced to  assist  in  the  work.  Hence  his  edu- 
cation was  somewhat  interfered  with,  but  he 
obtained  at  the  common  scliools  a  good  smatter- 
ing of  the  rudiments,  and  being  a  good  reader 


and  student  soon  e<iuii)i)ed  himself  for  a  busi- 
ness career.  Life  did  not  jnove  a  l)ed  of  roses 
to  him  during  liis  boyhood  and  early  manhood, 
and  the  lessons  of  adversity  he  learned  while 
completing  his  growth  luu'e  jirobablx  done  as 
nuich  towards  insuring  his  success  as  the  most 
complete  uni\ersity  education  and  lengtli\  ap- 
prenticeship coidd  possibly  have  accomplished. 

When  the  war  broke  out  Mr.  l-'ruin's  svmpa- 
thies  were  naturali>-  with  the  North,  and  early 
in  l<S(il  he  came  on  to  St.  Louis  to  acce]it  a  ]")o- 
sition  in  the  quartermaster's  de]>artnu-nt  ol  the 
.\rmy  of  the  West,  under  General  Fremont. 
His  militar}-  service  was  not  a  sinecure,  for  he 
went  through  the  entire  western  campaign  and 
was  present  at  such  important  engagements  as 
Fort  Donelson,  ,Sliiloh,  h'ort  Henr\-,  lielniont 
and  se\eral  others. 

After  doing  his  dutx'  to  his  countiA',  in  tr^avd 
to  military  service,  Mr.  Fruin,  who  was  <|uiek 
to  foresee  the  future  in  store  iox  St.  Louis, 
promptly  decided  to  locate  here,  and  he  at  once 
ojiened  up  in  a  small  wa\'  in  the  contractinj;  Inisi- 
ness.  The  exi)erience  he  had  acquired  in  New 
York  and  Hrt)oklyn  stood  him  in  good  stead, 
and  he  soon  obtained  a  nund:)er  of  contracts  for 
street  excavating,  water-works  construction  and 
similar  work.  The  prompt  and  able  manner  in 
which  these  contracts  was  executed  made  him 
exceedingl\-  ])opnlar  with  the  nninici]>al  author- 
ities, and  he  carried  out  a  great  deal  of  emer- 
gency work  with  marked  success.  He  also 
obtained  a  nundjer  of  railroad  contracts  of  \'ari- 
ous  kinds,  and  from  the  earliest  date  of  his 
work  earned  a  rejiutatiou  for  thoroughness  and 
reliability. 

LTniting  himself  with  Mr.  W.  H.  Swift,  he 
and  his  partner  largely  increased  their  business, 
and  in  January,  l.S!S."),  the  Fruin-Bambrick  Con- 
struction Compau}-  was  incorporated,  with  Mr. 
bVuin  as  \dce-president.  At  the  present  time 
the  firm  has  in  hand  a  large  number  of  most 
important  contracts,  and  the  house  is  probabK- 
without  a  peer  in  this  line  of  work  in  the  West. 
Some  of  its  rapid  work  in  connection  with 
street  railroad  building  during  the  transit  boom 
in  St.  Louis  has  been  phenomenal  in  character, 


j9m- 


$ 


.j»  «f 


Z^>i^^o-x^. 


DIOGRAPinCAL  APPENDIX. 


529 


and  has  altracted  universal  praise,  especially  as 
the  work  has  been  invariably  ,t,n)od,  irrespective 
of  the  time  given  for  its  coin])letion. 

Prior  to  locatint^-  in  St.  Louis,  Mr.  iMuin 
married  Miss  Katherine  Carroll,  of  Brooklyn. 
He  lias  two  <^rown  children  —  one  of  them  a 
sou  and  the  other  a  daughter. 

ScHUXM.vx,  CiiARi.K.s  Hkxrv,  SOU  of  Hcurv 
and  Jane  C.  (  Smith  )  Schuuman,  was  born  in 
St.  Louis,  Ma\-  11,  18.')4.  He  received  his  early 
education  in  the 
p  u  b  1  i  c  schools  of 
this  cit\',  graduating 
from  the  H  i  g  h 
School,  after  which 
he  spent  two  years 
at  Cornell  Lhiiver- 
sity.  At  the  age  of 
twenty-t)ne  he  went 
into  his  father's 
oflRce  as  collector, 
his  father  being  in 
the  coal  and  street 
sprinkling  business. 
T  h  i  s  position  he 
filled  for  some  years, 
when  he  was  ad- 
vanced to  the  posi- 
tion (if  hniik-keeper, 
and  ke])t  the  books 
of  the  firm  until  his 
lather's  death,  which 
occurred  in  J  u  n  e, 
ISIK),  just  as  he  was 

making  arrangements  to  retire  from  aclixe  busi- 
ness. After  settling  up  his  father's  estate  he, 
in  company  with  his  l)rother-in-law  (  Mr.  A.  T. 
vSteveus  )  and  Mr.  William  C.  Abl)olt,  founded 
the  firm  of  Stevens,  Schuuman  ^:  Company 
— Mr.  .Schuuman  becoming  xice-jircsident  and 
treasurer — dealers  in  all  sorts  of  farm  imple- 
ments and  machinery,  as  well  as  a  fine  line  of 
buggies,  surre\s,  ])haetous,  etc.,  for  l)olh  country 
and  cit>'  trade. 

October  1,   iM'.il.or   just   one   year  after  they 
had  started,   the  firm   became   an  incorporated 

34 


company,  and  their  di.splay  at  the  vSt.  Louis 
Pair  of  1891  was  one  of  the  features  of  that 
exhibition,  and  was  much  remarked  on. 

.Mr.  Schuuman  was  married  on  April  2li,  1887, 
to  Mrs.  Nellie  Uhl  Bacthly,  but  had  the  mis- 
fortune to  lose  her  by  death  June  .HO,  1888. 

Makpix,  Tiixv  .\i.kx.\xi)Kr,  was  born  near 
the  town  of  Miami,  Saline  county.,  Mis.souri, 
January  11,  184!i.  He  attended  the  common 
schools  until  the  age  of  seventeen,  when  he  took 

a  course  at  Prichett 
Institute  at  Glas- 
gow, ^Missouri.  He 
I  lien,  under  the  tutor- 
ship of  Dr.  Benson, 
of  Miami,  began  the 
study  of  medicine. 
At  the  age  of  nine- 
teen he  matriculated 
at  Bellevue  Hospital 
Medical  College, 
New  York,  and  after 
attending  two  winter 
and  one  summer 
course  of  lectures  at 
that  college,  passed 
a  successful  com- 
petitive examination 
for  a  position  as 
house  physician  for 
the  Children's  Hos- 
pital, of  Xcw  York. 
He  next  accepted 
tlie  position  of  house 
])hysiciau  to  the  lunatic  asylum  on  BlackwelPs 
Island,  containing  at  that  time  about  twelve 
Imndred  patients.  After  a  service  of  one  year 
he  resigned  and  came  west,  locating  at  Dalton, 
Chariton  county,  Missouri,  entering  very  soon 
into  a  large  and  general  practice. 

Among  the  ]H)or  he  was  especially  helpful 
and  s\  nipathelic:  not  onl\  when  necessary  did 
he  furnish  his  services  free,  but  also  medicines, 
and  not  infrequently  the  necessaries  of  life. 
.\lthough  not  rich  himself,  he  invariably  refuses 
compensation    from    those    who    are    palpably 


CHA.S.  H.  SCHl'NnAN. 


530 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOU/S. 


unable  to  pay.  Many  a  fee  has  he  returned 
with  the  advice  to  wait  until  better  able  to  liqui- 
date the  debt.  He  is  of  rolnist  ])liysique,  in 
stature  six  feet,  in  weij^ht  something  over  two 
hundred  pounds,  of  a  ratlier  modest  and  retiring 
disposition,  but  to  friends  always  jovial  and 
companionable.  After  a  large  and  extensive 
I)ractice  in  the  countr)'  of  fifteen  years'  duration, 
he  located  at  St.  Louis  in  1.S,S5. 

In  188ti  he  accepted  the  jjositiou  of  lecturer 
on  the  diseases  of  children  in  the  Missouri 
Medical  College.  In  LSS?  he  was  called  to  fill 
the  position  of  clinical  professor  of  diseases  of 
children,  and  lecturer  on  hygiene  and  dietetics. 
In  addition  to  these  responsible  duties  he  has 
charge  of  and  attends  the  largest  children's 
clinic — at  the  Missouri  IMedical  College — prob- 
ably west  of  New  York. 

Bern.avs,  Augustu.s  Chaklks,  sou  of  Au- 
gustus Charles  and  Minna  Bertrand  (  Doering ) 
Bernays,  was  born  at  Highland,  St.  Clair  county, 
Illinois,  October  13,  1S.")4.  His  father  was  a 
prominent  physician,  and  his  mother  a  woman 
of  the  highest  culture.  The  latter  was  a  teacher 
at  St.  Mary's  Hall,  London,  and  a  member  of  a 
devout  Christian  famih-,  and  while  in  London, 
Dr.  Bernays,  Sr. ,  who  was  of  Hebrew  parent- 
age but  had  been  Christianized,  met  Miss  Doer- 
ing, and  after  locating  in  St.  Louis  sent  for  her 
and  married  her  here. 

Young  Bernays'  early  education  was  superin- 
tended by  his  mother  and  an  aunt,  who  carefullv 
instructed  him  in  German,  grammar  and  French. 
His  first  schooling  was  received  at  a  common 
school  in  St.  Louis,  Mis.souri.  He  was  gradu- 
ated at  McKendree  College,  Lebanon,  Illinois, 
in  1872,  taking  the  degree  of  A.B.  In  Octo- 
ber of  the  same  year  he  entered  the  University 
of  Heidelberg,  matriculating  as  a  student  in  the 
medical  department.  He  was  kept  closely  at 
his  studies  for  four  years  and  then  passed  the 
examination  for  the  degree  of  M.D.,  in  July 
187(3,  taking  the  highest  honors.  He  was  the 
first  American-born  student  to  take  that  degree 
'■'■  sH»i>}ia  ciira  laitrlc''  at  the  L^niversity  of 
Heidelberg,  which  fact  was  commented  on   in 


the  l''nglish  and  .\mcrican  university  magazines. 
After  graduating  he  ser\-ed  a  term  as  assistant 
house  surgeon  in  the  Academic  Hospital  al 
Heidelberg,  under  the  great  surgeon  Prof,  (ins- 
tax-  Simon,  and  I'rof.  Hermann  Lossen. 

In  1877  Dr.  Bernays  went  to  F)ngland,  and  in 
the  aulunin  of  lliat  Near  (pialified  for  and  passed 
the  examination  for  the  degree  of  Member  of  the 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons  of  Kngland,  which 
is  ecjual  to  the  State's  examination  in  (ierniany, 
and  entitles  the  holder  to  practice  anywhere  in 
Great  Britain  and  the  Colonies. 

Having  returned  to  this  country,  Dr.  Beruavs 
began  the  practice  of  surgery  in  vSt.  Louis, 
Missouri,  and  in  l<S8;i  was  elected  professor  of 
anatomy  and  clinical  surgery  in  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Surgeons  of  this  city.  Besides 
teaching  anatomy,  which  is  his  special  and  most 
favorite  work,  he  has  been  the  leader  in  aggress- 
ive and  original  surgery.  A  series  of  mono- 
graphs, about  twent\-fi\e  in  number,  published 
under  the  title  of  "  Chips  from  a  Surgeon's 
Workshop,"  have  recorded  the  j^rogress  of  his 
work. 

In  1889  Dr.  Bernays  ])erf()rmed  the  first  suc- 
cessful C;esarean  section  in  the  vStatc  of  Mis- 
souri, saving  both  mother  and  child.  At  the 
International  Congress  of  Medicine  al  Berlin  in 
l,S!i(),  where  Prof.  Bernays  was  .secretary  of  the 
surgical  section,  he  read  a  paper  on  the  treat- 
ment of  intestinal  wounds  which  caused  much 
favorable  comment  and  was  reprinted  in  every 
civilized  country.  Another  contribution  is  a 
new  operation  for  the  treatment  of  retroflexion 
of  the  uterus,  February,  liSSiO. 

Professor  Bernays'  practice  is,  perhaps,  the 
largest  of  any  surgeon  in  the  West,  and  besides 
his  private  work  he  devotes  a  great  deal  of  time 
to  teaching  surgery  and  operating  in  the  charita- 
ble institutions  of  the  city  of  St.  Louis. 

"  Dr.  Bernays'  strongest  points,"  writes  Dr. 
I.  N.  Love,  the  eminent  medical  journalist, 
"  are  as  a  teacher  of  anatomy  and  as  a  clinical 
teacher.  He  has  the  gift  of  being  able  to  change 
the  usual  didactic  and  very  tiresome  method  of 
lecturing  on  anatomv  into  a  most  interestino- 
demonstration.      B)-  using  colored   chalk    upon 


/'7*  ?r^ci>l^J--, 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


531 


t!u-  blackboard  to  illustrate  every  detail  of  form 
and  relative  location  of  the  parts,  the  points  usu- 
ally difhcnlt  to  explain  to  students  are  made  clear 
and  are  readily  understood.  It  is  in  the  surgical 
clinic  as  a  diagnostician  and  operator,  lu)\vc\'cr, 
where  Dr.  Bernays  finds  the  most  admirers.  His 
very  strict  and  careful  training  in  pathology  have 
given  him  an  insight  into  the  processes  of  dis- 
ease which  gi\e  hiiu  such  knowledge  as  he  can 
use  to  the  greatest  advantage  in  tlic  clinics  in 
making  diagnoses. 

"  Nature  has  been  very  lavish  in  gi\ing  Dr. 
Bernays  such  organs  of  sense  and  motion  as 
were  capable  of  being  trained  to  a  high  degree 
of  acuteness  and  of  dexterity.  As  an  operator 
he  is  an  artist.  His  results  are  such  as  to  com- 
mand the  admiration  and  receive  the  highest 
praise  from  his  co-workers  in  the  profession. 
Perhaps  no  operator  was  ever  more  sought  after 
by  vounger  men  in  the  profession  who  desire 
to  perfect  themselves  in  the  most  advanced  de- 
partments of  surgery,  and  it  may  be  truthfully 
said  thai  Dr.  Ik-rnays  is  .sent  for  to  perform 
surgical  work  by  a  larger  number  of  his  col- 
leagues in  the  city  than  any  other  surgeon 
since  the  death  of  the  lamented  Dr.  John  T. 
Hodgen. 

"One  of  the  striking  characteristics  of  Dr. 
Bernays  is  his  utter  disregard  for  monc\-  for 
money's  sake.  He  is  so  absorbed  with  the 
scientific  and  artistic  features  of  his  work  as  to 
ha\'e  almost  a  morbid  distaste  for  the  financial 
part  of  it.  Tliis  latterly  he  has  escaped  by 
Inning  a  business  nianager,  who  takes  charge 
of  all  the  financial  details  of  his  life.  Dr.  Bernays 
is  professor  of  anatomy  and  surgical  pathology 
in  the  Marion-Sims  College  of  Medicine  and  the 
Woman's  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis.  His 
reputation  is  wide-spread,  and  his  cases  come  to 
him  from  every  State  in  the  Union,  he  having 
been  called  re])catcdly  into  the  Terrilories  and 
even  as  far  west  as  San  Francisco  to  do  sur- 
gical work.  His  generosity,  not  only  in  the 
matter  of  money,  but  in  the  direction  of  a.s.si.st- 
ing  other  operators  to  learn  1)\'  e.xamjile  all  the 
details  of  surgical  techni([ue,  is  unparalleled. 
He  is  consistentK'  e.xclusixelv  a  surgeon. 


".\fter  having  observed  him  carefully  from 
every  standpoint  for  nearly  twenty  years,  I  do 
not  hesitate  to  say  he  is  one  of  the  most  remarka- 
ble men  within  my  knowledge.  To  sum  up,  he 
is  a  consuunnate  artist,  skirting  the  border  line 
of  genius,  possessing  that  which  is  rare  among 
such,  the  genius  of  hard  work,  and  in  his  family 
relations  with  his  aged  relati\'es  and  affectionate 
sisters  he  is  as  tender  as  a  woman,  and  in  addi- 
tion possesses  those  qualities  essential  to  the 
making  of  a  good  friend,  the  disposition  to  stay 
with  his  friend  through  thick  and  thin.  He 
belongs  not  to  the  class  that  work  their  friends, 
but  to  those  who  work  for  them.  He  is  a  born 
optimist  and  ready  to  forgive  those  who  offend. 
He  is  in  the  prime  of  life,  in  the  zenith  of  his 
fame,  which  is  world-wide." 

Spexckk,  Horatio  X.,  .son  of  Horatio  X. 
and  Sarah  Marshall  Spencer,  was  born  at  Port 
(rib.son,  Mississippi,  July  7,  1S42.  He  attended 
the  private  schools  of  his  native  county  and 
then  entered  the  Alabama  I'ni\ersily,  where  he 
graduated  at  the  age  of  eighteen. 

His  sympathies  were  naturally  with  the  South, 
and  he  served  in  the  Confederate  Army,  suffer- 
ing much  privation  and  hardship,  but  never 
flinching  or  shirking  a  duty.  At  the  close  of  the 
war  he  took  up  the  study  of  medicine,  and,  in 
order  to  thoroughly  qualify  himself,  he  entered 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons  at  New 
York  City,  where  he  graduated  in  iJStiS.  He 
then  crossed  the  Atlantic,  and  after  continuing 
his  studies  in  luirope,  and  perfecting  himself 
for  his  chosen  profession,  he  came  to  St.  Louis 
in  INTO,  where  he  settled  permanently,  entered 
uiK)n  the  i)ractice  of  medicine  and  speedily  ob- 
tained a  large  and  lucrative  practice. 

He  is  professor  of  diseases  of  the  ear  at  the 
Missouri  Medical  College,  and  ranks  high  as  a 
])hvsician  of  skill  and  reliability. 

His  first  wife,  a  Miss  Kirkhuul,  died  in  the 
\ear  1  •*>•">■'),  and  the  Doctor  married  Miss  Lila 
Dwight,  of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  two  years 
later. 

By  his  first  marriage  he  had  fi\e  children — 
three  daughters  and  two  sons. 


532 


OLD  AND  XEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


Poi, T.MAN,  Hknry  Ci.ay,  president  of  the  firm 
of  H.  C.  rollmaUiS:  Brother,  coal  iiicrcliaiUs  and 
sprinkling  contractors,  was  l)t)rn  in  Xew  York, 
October  7,  1S47.  He  is  the  son  of  Frederick  C. 
and  Klizabeth  Polhnan,  the  former  beinjj;  at  one 
time  lientenant-colonel  in  the  Fourth  Missouri 
Regiment. 

When  Henrv  Clay  was  quite  young,  ]\Ir.  and 
^Irs.  Pollman  moved  to  St.  Louis,  and  such  edu- 
cation as  the  lad  received  was  acquired  in 
this  citv.  He  went  to  school  during  three 
winters,    but  at  the 


age  of   ten   he 


was 
in    a 


sent    to    work 
brick  yard. 

He  continued  at 
this  work  until  he 
was  thirteen,  when 
he  enlisted  under 
Colonel  Stiefel  in  the 
F'ifthMissouriX'oluu- 
teer  militia.  He  only 
enlisted  for  three 
months'  service,  but 
as  soon  as  he  was 
nuistered  out  he  re- 
enlisted  in  theFourth 
Missouri  Volunteers, 
serving  with  this  reg- 
iment  for  two  years 
and  six  months.  His 
active  service  in  the 
field  terminated  at 
the  battle  of  BigRiv- 


HENRY  C.  POLLMAN. 


er  in  Southeast  Mis- 
souri,   when    he    was    captured    by    the   enemv 
while  on  a  foraging  expedition. 

The  war  over,  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  pla.s- 
tering  business,  at  which  he  served  for  five 
years,  learning  it  very  thoroughly.  He  then 
served  for  two  years  as  a  journeyman,  and  after 
this  went  into  business  for  himself,  continuing 
until  the  year  I'STT. 

Then,  with  a  nominal  capital,  he  commenced 
the  coal  and  wood  business,  at  his  present  loca- 
tion. He  opened  up  under  most  unfortunate  con- 
ditions, as  he  was  over  a  thousand  dollars  in  debt. 


having  lost  heavily  on  a  row  of  houses  which 
he  built,  and  which  the  ])anic  of  l.S7()  de])reci- 
ated  in  \alue  to  such  an  extent  as  to  well-nigh 
ruin  the  young  plasterer.  But  his  credit  was 
good,  and  his  reputation  for  honesty  and  hard 
work  was  so  high  that  he  made  rapid  strides 
in  his  business,  and  within  two  %ears  had  not 
onl\-  the  satisfaction  of  ha\iug  i)aid  off  the 
entire  debt,  but  had  also  laid  the  foundation  for 
a  successful  business,  b'or  ujjwards  of  eight 
years  he  dro\e  a  team  of  his  own,  kept  his  own 

books  and  attended 
to  his  own  work  en- 
tirely. 

In  addition  to 
sprinkling  work  Mr. 
Pollman  does  a  large 
jobbing  coal  busi- 
ness, and  is  also 
working  up  one  of 
the  largest  retail  coal 
businesses  in  the 
city. 

Mr.  Pollman "s  ca- 
reer is  a  remark- 
able one,  for  he  is 
now,  at  the  age  of 
fort\-six,  on  the 
high  road  to  wealth 
and  prosperity.  He 
has  maintained 
through  the  vicissi- 
tudes of  his  career  a 
highly  upright  and 
honorable  reputa- 
tion, and  is  looked  upon,  generally,  as  a  man  in 
whose  word  iuij:)licit  reliance  can  be  placed. 

Mr.  Polhnan  married  on  June  17,  l.SfUt,  Mi.ss 
\'iolet  Morange,  of  Harrisburg,  Pennsylvania, 
daughter  of  the  late  vice-president  of  the  Erie 
Central  Railway.  Mrs.  Pollman  died  on  No- 
vember 24,  l<HiHl,  leaving  one  daughter,  Miss 
Florence  Mercedes,  who  is  now  a  handsome 
young  lady  of  sixteen  years.  Mr.  Pollman  has 
subsequently  married  Miss  Ellen  Koops,  of  St. 
Louis,  and  has  one  baby  daughter,  Violet  ]\Lar- 
garet. 


niOGRAPIIICAL    APPENDIX. 


583 


MoTT,    Frkokrick  W. — One    to    whom    the  of  the  general  manager.     That  tliis  gentleman's 

people  of  South   St.  Louis   and    Cavondelet  are  estimate  of  his  capacity  was  wholly  correct  was 

deeply  indebted  as  one  of   the   most  energetic  shown  by  a  jiromotion  which   followed,  and  1)\ 

and  progressive  factors    in  iJie  growth  of  that  which   he  was  made  assistant   secretary  of  the 

part   of    the   metropolis,    is   the  aforementioned  company.      In  IMT.S   honors  of  a  still   wider  and 

gentleman,  who  was   born    in   New   York  City,  deeper  complimentary  character  were  conferred 

December  2,   ISfii,  and    is   the  son  of  John  and  on    him,    when    by   his    fellow-citizens  he  was 

Annie  (Thiel)  Wott.     When  but  eight  years  of  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  as  the  represent- 

age    he  was  brought  west,   locating  at  Carlin-  ative  of  a   St.   Louis   district,    and   he   accord- 

ville,  Illinois.      In  this  village  he  received  the  ingly  resigned  his  office  with  the  company  to 

elements  of  an  education  at  the  connnon  schools,  enter  llie  service  of  the  people.     That  he  proved 


and  later  attended 
Pdackl)urn  ITuiver- 
sitv  in  that  town. 
In  l-SCi")  young  Mott, 
being  then  about  six- 
teen years  old,  came 
to  St.  Louis.  His 
l.illur  had  died  ])re- 
\-ious  to  this  time  at 
P>  r  o  o  k  1  \  u  ,  X  e  w 
\'ork,  and  the  \(iung 
man  realized  that  he 
was  left  in  a  jiosi- 
tiou  where  he  must 
largely  depend  on 
his  own  efforts  for 
whatever  worldh 
benefits  he  received 
in  f  u  t  u  re  .  .\  f  t  er 
reaching  vSt.  Louis 
he  con  t  i  n  u  ed  his 
schooling,  and  was 
the  first  pupil  ad- 
mitted to  the  Blow 


FREDERICK  W.  noil 


both  worthy  and 
able  in  this,  as  in 
trusts  of  a  less  re- 
s]iousible  nature,  is 
shown  by  the  fact 
that  he  represented 
this  district  three 
successive  terms. 

While  yet  one  of 
the  vState's  legislat- 
ors he  began  agi- 
tating the  scheme  of 
building  a  rapid 
transit  line  of  street 
i;ailwa\-  from  Canni- 
delet  to  a  central 
part  of  the  citv.  Ik- 
was  not  content  with 
agitation  mereK,  but 
soon  began  the  work 
of  organizing  the 
Southern  Railway 
C  om  p  a  n  y,  which 
constructed  the  elec- 
connects    Carondelet  .with 


School  of  South  vSt.  Louis,  after  its  completion.  trie  line  that  now 
After  completing  his  common  school  course,  he  vSixth  and  Market  streets.  This  appreciated 
was,  in  l.SfiT,  admitted  to  the  High  School,  wouderfulh  the  real  estate  values  in  the  South 
which  iustitiuion  he  left  to  begin  tlie  active  Lud,  and  Mr.  .Mott,  realizing  the  profit  to  be 
business  of  life.  gained  l)y  investment  therein,  after  a  time  re- 
Mis  first  employment  was  as  messenger  l)oy  signed  his  office  as  vice-president  of  the  South- 
for  the  Life  .\ssociation  of  .\merica.  He  did  ern  Railwa\-  Company  and  became  a  real  estate 
not  here  ha\'c  to  earn  iiruniolinn  b\  tiii'snuie  dealer  and  agent.  Hut  one  thing  has  never 
and  long-continued  efforts,  as  his  shrewdness  seemed  to  furnish  enough  work  to  absorb  all  his 
and  ability  were  so  apparent  to  his  employers  extraordinary  energy,  and  in  a  short  time  he 
that  after  but  ten  ilays'  service  he  was  inomotcd  began  the  organization  of  the  Syenite  (iraiiite 
at  one  stage  from  messenger  to  private  secretary  Compan\-,    under    the    instructions    of  \\"ni.  R. 


534 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  I. GUIS. 


Allen.  This  is  the  coiniKUU'  which  first  iiilio- 
dnced  and  paved  the  city  with  granite. 

At  the  solicitation  of  hi.s  friends,  Mr.  Moll, 
in  IHHS,  a.ijain  entered  ])olitics  in  an  olTicial 
capacity.  In  ihal  \'ear  he  was  a  factor  in  lin-ak- 
ing  a  dead-lock  in  the  City  Conncil,  which  went 
to  pieces  when  his  name  was  presented  as  the 
collector  of  water  rates.  To  this  place  he  was 
nnanimously  elected  and  served  fi)nr  years,  or 
until  the  a])jK)intnient  of  his  successor,  Joseph 
Temple,  b>-  the  incoming  Democratic  admin- 
istration. In  I'S'Sli  he  became  a  standard  bearer 
o\\  his  party's  State  ticket,  being  a  candidate 
for  secretary  of  state.  He  was  beaten  by  Les- 
sneiir,  bnt  recei\-ed  a  majority  of  11,000  votes  in 
St.  Lonis.  Mr.  Mutt  has  always  been  an  ardent 
Repiil)lican,  and  is  a  ])ower  in  both  commercial 
and  political  affairs  of  the  vSonth  End,  and  liis 
friends  sa)'  his  fntnre  in  both  fields  is  of  the 
brightest.  It  shonld  not  be  forgotten,  in  this 
connection,  that  he  served  eight  years  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  State  Repnblican  Committee,  and  was 
the  secretary  of  the  bod\'  (hiring  that  period,  or, 
that  he  was  a  delegate  to  the  Chicago  National 
Convention  which  nominated  Blaine  and  Logan. 

Mr.  Mott  is  still  in  the  real  estate  bnsiness, 
which  he  has  carried  forward  snccessfullv,  ex- 
cept when  interrnpted  bv  the  dnties  of  pnblic 
office.  He  is  an  active  ^lason,  and  has  been  a 
member  of  (lOod  Hope  Lodge,  No.  21iS,  since 
1JS75,  and  is  a  Past  Master  of  the  same. 

Mr.  Mott  married,  in  1H71,  ]\Iiss  Isabella  S. 
Rntherford,  of  this  cit}-.  She  is  the  danghter 
of  Archibald  S.  Rntherford,  who  was  one  of  the 
city's  earliest  merchants,  and  was  the  founder 
of  the  present  house  of  Scruggs,  Vandervoort  & 
Barney.  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  Mott  have  two  children 
— botli  sons — aged,  respectively,  eighteen  and 
twenty-two  years. 

Field,  James  Aiden,  son  of  James  and  Mary 
CLandon)  Field,  was  born  at  Delaware,  Ohio, 
August  20,  1S;-}1.  He  received  his  education  at 
the  Ohio  Wesleyan  University,  and  also  took  a 
course  and  graduated  at  Lukes'  Commercial  Col- 
lege at  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  After  he  left  school, 
he,  in  1850,  in  company  with  his  brother,  went 


into  the  mercantile  business  at  ProsjK-ct,  ( )hio, 
where  they  did  a  good  business  until  the  fall  of 
IS.").'?,  when  they  sold  out  their  interest  in  Pros- 
])ect,  and  Mr.  Field  went  to  Columbus,  ()hio, 
where  he  became  a  teacher  in  "  (Granger's  Com- 
mercial College."  This  jwsition  he  held  for  five 
years,  when  he  quit  and  again  went  into  the 
mercantile  bnsiness,  this  time  at  Phinoulh, 
Ohio,  where  he  remained  for  two  \'cars,  or  until 
the  war  l)roke  out,  when,  in  order  to  offer  his 
services  to  his  country,  he  sold  out  his  business 
for  a  second  time,  and  raised  a  conipanw 

Later,  he  went  to  Marion,  Ohio,  and  became 
a  member  of  the  firm  of  G.  H.  Kling  &  Com- 
pany, where  he  stayed  for  eight  years,  when  he 
sold  nut  his  interest  to  liis  jiartners,  and  in  (  )c- 
tober,  l.siiS,  came  to  St.  Louis  and  took  charge 
of  the  agricultural  implement  de])artment  of 
Swan,  Ogden  .S:  Comjiany  (of  which  firm  he 
was  a  member),  at  002  North  Main  street.  Upon 
the  death  of  Mr.  Swan  in  LS72,  the  firm  dis- 
solved, and  Mr.  Field  reorganized  it  under  the 
name  of  lUiford  >!\;  I-'iidd,  doing  liusiness  at  !'22 
North  Second  street.  In  1878  (spring)  the 
firm  dissolved,  Mr.  Buford  going  to  Kansas  City, 
and  Mr.  Field  branching  out  as  a  manufacturer 
of  sugar  cane  machinery  and  tread  mills,  as 
Jas.  A.  Field  S:  Compan\-.  In  the  same  year 
he  removed  his  entire  plant  to  l(i22  North 
Eighth  street,  where  he  has  been  ever  since, 
and  where  each  year  shows  an  increase  of  busi- 
ness over  the  preceding. 

Vlx.  F'ield  is  a  member  of  the  Ooode  Avenue 
M.  E.  Churcli,  and  he  is  also  a  director  of  the 
Piasa  Bluffs  Assembly;  of  the  St.  Louis  Deacons' 
Home;  of  the  Bishop's  Residence  Company,  and 
of  the  ^IcKeudree  College  at  Lebanon,  Illinois, 
and  secretary  of  the  board  of  directors  of  the 
Carleton  College,  at  Farmington,  Missouri. 

On  the  18th  of  March,  18512,  he  was  elected 
lay  delegate  to  the  general  conference  of  the 
M.  E.  Church,  which  met  ^lay  1st,  at  Omaha, 
Nebraska,  receiving  seventy-six  of  the  ninety- 
two  votes  cast.  Mr.  F'ield  has  never  held  polit- 
ical offices,  nor  had  political  aspirations,  taking 
no  further  interest  in  politics  than  enough 
to    be    very    careful    to    deposit    his    ballot    for 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


535 


the    rif^ht    jjart}-    at    each    and    ever\-    election. 
He  was  iiianied  March  2;-5,  lS;')(i,  to  Miss  Lydia 
A.  vSIiort,  in  Ci)hiinl)iis,  ( )liio. 

Coi.i.rxs,  MarTix. — This  pniniinciil  Mason 
and  insnrance  expert  is  upwards  of  sixt)'  years 
of  age,  having  l)ecn  liorn  in  Lancaster  county, 
Pennsyhauia,  in  the  year  182().  He  is,  how- 
ever, a  man  of  excellent  preservation,  and  is 
very  frequently  mistaken  for  a  nuich  ^■ounger 
man.  His  excellent  ph\sic|ue  anil  his  genial 
manner  make  him 
conspicuous  among 
his  co-workers,  and 
during  his  long  con- 
nection with  thiscit\- 
he  has  earned  and 
maintained  the  re- 
spect of  all  with 
whom  he  has  come 
in  contact,  and  more 
especially  of  mem- 
bers of  the  .Masonic 
fraternit)-. 

His  early  educa- 
tion was  received  in 
C(iuntr\  schools  in 
his  uati\e  county, 
and  his  first  work 
was  in  a  country 
drug  store,  where  he 
conihined  the  offices 
of  clerk, l)i)ok-kee]ier 
and  salesman,  and 
general  K'  su  jfcr  i  n  - 
tended  the  business.  All  the  work  which  de- 
volved upon  him  was  well  carried  out,  but  the 
utter  absence  of  anv  ])rospect  of  advancement 
induced  him  to  go  wt-sl  in  search  ol  a  mure 
promising  field  of  labor,  although  his  friends 
tried  to  dissuade  him  on  account  of  the  difficul- 
ties in  the  way. 

Hence  it  was  that  just  half  a  century  ago  he 
found  him.self  in  St.  I.ouis,  after  a  tedious 
journey  from  Philadeliihia,  which  occupied 
nearh-  thrive  weeks,  duriug  which  time  he  had 
to  ride  on  caual-l)oats  and  stages,  and  short  sec- 


AlAkTIN    COLLINS 


tious  of  railroad.  For  nine  years  Mr.  Collins 
worked  in  a  fanc)-  dry  goods  store  in  this  city,  and 
in  l.s.')2  he  had  saved  enough  money  from  his 
earuingslostartiu  business  forhimself.  Associat- 
ing himself  with  a  friend,  the  firm  of  Rosenheim 
iS:  Collins  was  formed,  and  for  six  years  it  con- 
ducted a  prosperous  business.  It  was  then  dis- 
solved, and  Mr.  Collins  was  appointed,  by  Mayor 
iJauiel  G.  Taylor,  register  of  water  rates.  He 
proved  the  right  man  in  the  right  jdace,  and 
was  reappointed  by  two   successi\e   nuu'ors,  an 

honor  to  which  few 
men  have  attained 
in  municipal  affairs. 
About  thirty  years 
ago  ^[r.  Coll  ins 
turned  his  attention 
to  fire  insurance  busi- 
ness, and  was  ap- 
])ointed  agent  f  o  r 
some  of  the  largest 
companies  on  the 
continent.  His  busi- 
ness gradually  in- 
creased, until  he  is 
now  the  head  of  the 
firm  o{  Martin  Col- 
lins, Son  iS:  Com- 
pau\',  which  ranks 
anu)ng  the  most  im- 
])ortant  firms  in  the 
country. 

He  is  a  Mason  of 
good  standing,  and 
has  given  to  the  af- 
fairs of  the  order  his  most  careful  and  con- 
spicuous attenticm,  having  held  a  large  num- 
ber of  offices  in  it,  and  having  earned  the 
reiuUaliou  of  being  exceptionally  loyal,  even 
among  such  a  traditionally  Icnal  class  as  the 
Masons. 

He  married,  during  the  days  of  his  compara- 
ti\e  poverty,  a  daughter  of  Captain  Crab,  of  the 
I'nited  States  Marine  Service. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Collins  have  had  .seven  children, 
of  whom  three  are  now  living  and  bexond  the 
stasie  of  childhood. 


j3(i 


()/./)  ./AV  AV-.'/f  .vy.   LOUIS. 


Pauly,  PhtivK  Joskph,  son  of  Clnistian  and 
Catharine  (  Holtzhanor )  I'auh',  was  l)orn  mar 
Colilcntz  on  the  Rhine,  (rerniany.  May  2;i,  l.So-J. 
He  was  educated  in  tlie  Ciovernnient  free  schools 
until  fourteen  vears  of  age,  when  his  familv  came 
to  America,  and  located  in  St.  Louis.  In  is  Id, 
the  year  the  Pauly  family  settled  on  the  hanks 
of  the  Mississippi,  Peter  was  hired  out  at  $;5.<)0 
a  month  to  Icani  the  trade  of  blacksmith,  in 
which  his  father  was  en.^aged.  He  assisted  his 
father  in  the  sho])  until  he  was  about  sixteen, 
when  the  family  nuned  to  Illinois,  where  Mr. 
Pauly,  vSr.,  combined  agriculture  and  black- 
smithing.  His  son  accompanied  him,  but  finding 
little  scope  for  himself  in  the  country,  returned 
to  vSt.  Louis  in  1S4I)  and  entered  the  foundr\' 
and  machine  shop  of  vSamuel  Gatey  to  learn  the 
trade  of  machinist  and  blacksmith.  He  ser\ed 
for  two  years,  and  then  for  another  year  with 
Mr.  Jno.  T.  Dowdall.  His  next  i)Osition  was  in 
the  Missouri  Pacific  Machine  Shops,  just  ojiened, 
and  after  working  for  a  year  and  a  half  he 
secured  a  position  in  an  extensive  foundr\-, 
where  he  was  appointed  foreman  of  the  black- 
smith shop.  After  holding  this  position  for  a 
year  he  returned  to  Mr.  (ratey,  and  for  another 
year  took  charge  of  his  first  fire. 

In  lS.')(i  ^Ir.  Pauly,  joined  by  his  brother  John, 
established  the  businessof  P.  J.  Pauly  &:  Brother, 
steamboat  blacksmiths.  The  firm  continued  in 
this  business  until  1870,  when,  owing  to  the  de- 
crease in  the  number  of  boats  plying  on  the 
Mississippi,  the  brothers  made  a  specialty  of 
jail  and  jn-ison  building,  .Mr.  Pauly  securing 
a  number  of  very  valuable  patents  and  soon 
becoming  the  greatest  jail  builder  in  the  United 
States,  and  probably  in  the  world. 

In  1877  Pauly  Brothers  found  it  necessary  to 
secure  larger  premises,  and  the  factory  occupy- 
ing half  a  block  was  erected  at  2215  SoiUh 
DeKalb  street.  Business  continued  to  grow  in 
a  most  satisfactory  manner,  and  in  1885  the  firm 
was  incorporated  as  the  Pauly  Jail  Building  and 
Manufacturing  Company,  with  a  capital  stock 
of  $150,000.  Since  the  incorporation,  the  busi- 
ness has  grown  even  uiore  rapidly  than  before, 
and    the    company   has   erected  jails   in  nearly 


e\'ery  State  in  the  Union,  great  satisfaction  be- 
ing expressed  with  all  tin-  work  transacted.  In 
issii  Mr.  I'anh'  retired  from  the  active  manage- 
ment and  took  a  tri])  to  Ivurope,  visiting  the 
scenes  of  his  childhood  and  reniaiuing  for  sev- 
eral months  on  the  banks  of  the  Rhine. 

-Mr.  Panly  is  a  member  of  several  clubs,  in- 
cluding the  Union  of  St.  Louis.  He  is  also  a 
prominent  member  of  the  Merchants'  Kxchange, 
and  president  of  the  Commonwealth  Casualty 
Company  of  Missouri.  He  is  also  one  of  the 
old  fire  laddies,  having  been  a  member  of  the 
Com]ian\  No.  4,  of  the  \'olunteer  Firemen,  and 
Ix'ing  now  a  member  of  the  \\-teran  P'iremen's 
Historical  vSociety. 

Mr.  PauK'  is  a  Democrat  in  jiolitics,  and  has 
always  taken  an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
the  party.  In  l>!5ii  he  canvassed  the  city  for 
the  Buchanan  ticket,  with  great  success.  He 
has  been  a  member  of  the  Democratic  Central 
Committee  on  several  occasions,  but  has  always 
refused  to  hold  office  or  acce])t  any  renninera- 
tion  for  political  work.  He  has  figured  ])romi- 
nenth  on  the  Democratic  State  Committee,  and 
was  a  member  of  that  body  w^ien  the  great  i)o- 
litical  change  from  radicalism  to  conservatism 
was  nuule,  and  he  was  also  prominent  in  the 
efforts  which  resulted  in  restoring  the  franchises 
to  CO, (100  or  70,000  residents  of  the  State.  In 
the  same  vear,  1M70,  he  was  nominated  for  the 
State  Legislature,  much  against  his  will,  but 
having  accepted  the  nomination,  he  worked  so 
zealousl)-  that  although  the  district  had  a 
Repuldican  majority  of  7.')0,  he  was  easily 
elected. 

While  in  the  Legislature  he  was  influential 
in  securing  the  passage  of  a  bill  giving  to 
St.  Louis  Forest,  O'Fallon  and  Caroudelet 
parks. 

In  1873  he  was  specie  collector  for  a  short 
period,  and  then  retired  finallv  from  politics, 
on  account  of  the  pressure  of  his  business 
affairs. 

r^Ir.  Pauly  married  October  H,  185;},  Miss 
Catharine  Hahn,  of  St.  Louis.  Mr.  and  ]\Irs. 
Pauly  have  had  six  children,  o{  whom  four  are 
now  living. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


537 


McCreKRV,  Wav.man  Crow,  son  of    Phocian  days,   he  became  connected  with  the  drv  o^oods 

R.  ^McCreery  and  IMaryJane  (  Hynes)  McCreery,  firm  of  Crow  <&  McCreery,  remaininj^  with  it  for 

was Ijorn  in  vSt.  Louis  in  llic  year  If^.'il .    Hisfatlier  three  years.      He  tlicn    entered   the  real   estate 

wasl^orn  in  Kentucky,  l)nt  had  settled  in  St.  Louis  business  in  partnership  with  Mr.  James  Towers, 

eleven  years  pre\ious  to  Wayman's  birth,  and  had  the  firm  name  being  McCreery  6v:  Towers,  with 

gone  into  the  dry  goods  business  in  partnership  offices  at  705  Pine  street.     The  firm  continued 

with  Mr.  Wayman  Crow,  the  firm  being  known  as  thus  constituted  for  a  period  of  IweKe  years, 

as  Crow,  McCreery  <&  Company.      It  did  a  ver}-  when  Mr.  Towers  withdrew  from  the  jjartner- 

large   amount  of    profitable    business,    and   Mr.  ship,  and  Mr.  McCreery  continued   in   business 

McCreery    invested    much    of    his  share  of  the  alone,  at  Tl.'i  Chestnut  street.      There  is  no  real 

profits  in  real   estate.      His   name  is  connected  estate  agent  in  the  West  more  highl\-  respected 


with  some  of  the 
best  buildings  in  the 
cit)-,  including  the 
building  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Broadway  and 
Chestnut  street,  now 
known  as  Hurst's 
Hotel,  which  was 
erected  in  l^idl ,  and 
which  was,  at  that 
time,  the  finest  bnild- 
ing  in  the  city. 
His  enterprise  ]M'o\- 
cd  a  great  stiniulus 
to  the  erection  of 
costh'  office  and  ]nib- 
lic  buildings,  and  his 
examjile  was  very 
general  !>■  followed. 
Ilis  mother,  .Mar\- 
Jant-  .M(.Creer\-,  was 
a  daughter  of  Colo- 
nel .Andrew  H\nes, 
of  Xasluille,  Ten- 
nessee, who  was  a 
Andrew  Jackson. 
\'oun 


\\a\.mam   crow    a\ccrhi;r\. 


or  looked  up  to  than 
Mr.  .McCreery.  He 
has  been  a])pointed 
sole  agent  for  the 
magnificent  Security 
Building  on  p-ourth 
and  Locust  streets, 
in  which  his  offices 
are  now  located.  His 
principal  work  dur- 
ing recent  years  has 
been  the  manage- 
ment and  control  of 
large  and  valuable 
estates,  and  he  has 
been  uiii(|uely  suc- 
cessful in  the  i)lat- 
tingonl  and  develop- 
ment of  valuable 
tractsof  land.  Hewas 
in  jiractical  control  of 
the  Concordia  tract 
containing  fourteen 
acres,  which  he  sub- 


bosom    friend   of  (icneral  divided  and  sold  at  a  very  substantial  profit  for 

the  owners.  He  also  negotiated  the  ninety-nine 
Wayman  recei\ed  his  cchicational  years'  lease  of  the  corner  of  Tenth  and  (Hive 
training  at  the  Washington  University,  where  streets,  now  occupied  by  the  Bell  Telephone 
he  remained  until  he  was  eighteen  years  of  age.  Company,  and  he  is  practicalh"  the  pioneer  of 
He  was  an  apt  and  industrious  ]iupil  and  made  the  long  term  system  in  this  city. 
rapid  progress  in  liis  studies.  On  Ua\  iug  the  .Mr.  ]McCreery  is  now  consulted  by  large  cap- 
Washington  rni\crsit\  be  went  to  Racine,  Wis-  italists  as  to  the  best  method  of  inxesting  in 
cousin,  where  he  received  a  thorough  nni\(.rsit\'  .St.  Louis  realty,  and  is  known  as  one  of  the 
education,  graduating  with  high  honors  in  the  most  imjiartial  and  conservative  men  in  the 
year  187L  cilw  His  advice  is  invariably  accepted,  and 
Retnniing  to  the  citv  of  his  birth  and  earlv  his  clients  following  it  have  almost  invariablv 


538 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


made  exceedingly  handsome  profits.  Mr.  Mc- 
Crccr\-  is  now  a  very  wealtln  niati,  hut  Ik-  is 
kind  and  courteous  to  all,  and  ma_\-  he  rej^arded 
as  a  tvpe  of  tlie  l)usiness  men  who  have  forced 
St.  Louis  to  tile  front  and  UKuk-  it  one  of  tlu' 
most  important  cities  in  the  world,  counner- 
ciall\-,  socially  and  otherwise.  He  is  a  notary 
])ublic,  and,  althongh  not  in  practice  as  an 
attorney,  is  well  read  in  real  estate  law. 

Mr.  McCreery  is  a  momljer  of  the  Legion  of 
Honor,  and  a  very  active  worker  in  its  behalf. 
A  great  deal  of  his  spare  time  is  dexoted  to 
music.  He  is  the  composer  of  the  opera 
"  L'-Vfrique,"  which  was  produced  at  the  Olym- 
jiic  in  l.s.so  with  great  success.  He  was  also  at 
the  head  of  the  vSt.  Louis  Musical  Union  in  con- 
nection with  Mr.  Waldauer,  and  for  upwards  of 
seventeen  years  he  has  been  musical  director 
at  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  and  he  is  also  pres- 
ident of  the  .St.  Louis  Glee  Club.  Mr.  ^Ic- 
Creerv  has  always  labored  earnesth'  with  a 
view  of  elevating  the  music  of  the  cit\ . 

He  married  in  the  year  l-ST.')  Miss  Mary  Louisa 
Carr,  daughter  of  Dabuey  Carr,  and  grand- 
daughter of  Judge  Carr,  so  well  known  in  Kast 
St.  Louis.  They  ha\e  four  children  —  Mary 
Ivouisa,  Christine,  \\'a\inan  and  .\ndrew. 

SiMMo.v.s,  .St.\xlkv  Wki.i.s,  son  of  Charles 
W.  and  lunily  (White)  Simmons,  was  born  in 
New  York  Cit\-,  in  1S4.'>.  .Mr.  C.  W.  Simmons 
was  a  merchant  in  active  inisiness,  and  Stan- 
ley's early  days  were  spent  at  Yonkers  andTar- 
rytown,  on  the  beautiful  Hudson.  His  earh- 
education  was  received  at  the  Collegiate  Insti- 
tute at  Yonkers  and  at  the  Paulding  Institute, 
Tarrytown.  At  the  age  of  seventeen  he  entered 
upon  his  business  career  as  clerk  in  a  whole- 
sale millinery  house  in  New  York  City,  where 
he  remained  until  18(>(),  when,  with  his  parents, 
he  removed  to  Columbtis,  Ohio. 

Having  now  attained  his  majority  he  engaged 
with  his  father  in  the  wholesale  millinery  busi- 
ness in  their  new  home.  At  the  expiration  of 
five  3-ears,  in  \x~i\,  Mr.  Simmons  severed  his 
connection  with  his  father  and  came  to  St. 
Louis.     He   here   accepted  a  position  with  the 


wholesale  millintry  firm  of  Waters,  Todd  X:  Cnui- 
pany.  This  firm  underwent  several  changes, 
anil  fiu'  some  years  previous  to  Juh-  1,  lf<M7,  was 
known  as  Pratt,  Todd  K:  Compau\-.  At  tliis 
time,  .Mr.  Todd  haxing  died,  .Mr.  Simmons  be- 
came associated  with  Mr.  Pratt,  and  the  firm 
name  was  again  changed  to  Pratt,  Simmons  t\: 
Kransnick,  with  much  of  the  active  management 
falling  under  Mr.  Simmons'  care. 

Mr.  .Simmons  is  looked  upon  as  an  expert  by 
members  of  the  millinery  trade.  He  is  of  good 
famil\-,  his  father  lia\dng  served  as  secretary  of 
the  St.  Louis  Cotton  Exchange  and  held  several 
other  important  positions,  but  being  one  of 
twche  children,  he  had  to  a  great  extent  to  make 
his  own  wa\'  in  the  world,  and  he  has  cliud)e(l 
to  the  top  of  the  ladder  b\-  cond)iuing  tact  and 
industry  to  a  nuiked  degree.  During  the  last 
fi\-e  years  the  \olume  of  business  transacted  b\- 
his  firm  has  more  than  doubled,  but  there  has 
never  been  anv  confusion  or  an\thiug  in  the  way 
of  a  rush.  I!\-  adopting  a  good  system  and  ad- 
hering to  it,  Mr.  .Simmons  has  been  able  to  map 
out  a  very  ambitious  programme,  and  then  to 
set  out  and  carry  it  to  perfection  in  every  detail. 
He  is  a  \ery  prominent  citizen  of  St.  Louis,  al- 
though of  a  somewhat  retiring  disposition.  He 
resides  at  Webster  Groves,  owning  one  of  the 
handsomest  residences  in  that  popular  suburb. 
He  is  a  memljcr  of  the  .Mercantile  CMub  ami  of 
otiier  commercial  associations. 

Mr.  Simmons  was  married  in  l.Sli'.l  to  .Miss 
Rashil,  of  Columbus,  Oliio. 

Atwood,  John  C,  .son  of  Dr.  LeGrand  and 
Mrs.  E.  J.  Atwood,  was  born  in  the  old  Marma- 
duke  mansion  near  Marshall,  Saline  count)', 
Missouri,  on  June  3,  18()3.  The  Doctor  is  a  na- 
tive of  Cowan,  and  had  resided  up  to  tlie  time 
of  his  marriage  at  Shelbyville,  Tennessee.  He 
nun-ed  to  St.  Louis  while  John  C.  was  a  boy, 
and  it  was  in  the  public  schools  of  St.  Louis 
county  that  the  latter  was  educated.  At  the  age 
of  sixteen  he  was  nominated  as  a  cadet  mid- 
shipman in  the  United  States  navy.  He  2:)assed 
the  necessary  examination  at  Annapolis,  and 
received  his  appointment  as  a    cadet  midship- 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


539 


mail  in  June,   bS'Sn,  just  as   lie  attained  his  sev-  proved  himself  to   be  an  exceedingly  able  biisi- 

enteenth  birthday.  ness  man,  and  is  fully  competent  to  discharge 

He  at  once  entered  the  service  on  board   the  the   numerous   and    impurtant   duties  which  fall 

United  States  steamship  Dale,  and  took  a  cruise  to  his  office, 
on  that  vessel.    In  Septein])er,  INSO,  he  returned 

to  Annapolis  and    i)iirsued    his   studies  at   tliat  Coi.l.ix.s,  AIo.nrok    R..  Jr.,  is  a   man   whose 

pt)int  witli  a  \iew  to  securing  a  commission  as  name  is  familiar  to  most  St.  Louisans.      He  was 

an  officer  in  the  United  States  nav}'.     He  con-  born  and  reared  in  this  city,  and  his  fainih-  is  a 

tinned  studying  until  April,  1S.S3,  taking  a  sum-  conspicuous  one,  he  being  the  grand-nephew  of 

nier  cruise  each  year  on   the  steamshi])  L'ousli-l-  Jesse  and   Peter  Ivindell,  and  one  of  the   princi- 

latioit.      After  further  tra\-eling  he  came  back  pal   heirs  of    the    vast    estate    of    that    wealth\- 


to  St.  Uouis,  where 
he  was  appointed 
clerk  at  the  Lindell. 
He  next  became 
entr\-  and  bill  clerk 
for  a  large  whole- 
sale furniture  and 
carjiet  house,  and 
in  .Ma>-,  ISNd,  In- 
again  bettered  his 
position  by  becom- 
ing ganger  in  the 
United  States  Inter- 
nal Revenue  ser\ice. 
Hefore  he  had  held 
this  position  for  more 
than  a  UKiulh  he  was 
promoted  to  de])Ut\' 
collector  of  internal 
revenue  for  the  first 
district  of  Missouri. 
He  demonstrated  his 
abilitN'  in  thiscapac- 


MONKOE  R.  COLLINS,  JR. 


family.  Plspecially 
is  Mr.  Collins  well 
known  in  real  estate 
circles,  not  only  on 
account  of  the  wide 
extent  of  his  deals  in 
that  line,  but  also 
because  of  the  rare 
business  energy  and 
ability  he  has 
brought  to  bear  on 
the  business. 

He  was  born  Feb- 
ruary 8,  l.sr)4,  and 
received  the  finish- 
ing courses  of  his 
education  at  Wash- 
ington Universit>-. 
On  leaving  school 
he  entered  on  a  mer- 
cantile career,  be- 
ginning as  a  clerk 
in  the  wholesale  gro- 
cery house  of  J.I). 


ity    so    rapidly    that 

four  months  later,  when  he  was  but  twenty-two  Wells  &  Comjiany.     In    ISTU  he  entered  into  a 

years  of  age,   he  was  made    chief  depnt\-    col-  jiartnership  with  Delos  R.  Haynes,  and  together 

lector  of  internal  revenue  for  the  district,  ha\-  ihev embarked  in  the  real  estate  business.     This 


ing  the   honor  of  being   llie   \-oungest    collector 
everajipointed. 

While  acting  as  depiit\'  collector  he  studied 
commercial  law  for  a  period  of  eighteen  months 


arrangement  continued  up  to  IS.'^t,  when  the 
partnership  was  dissol\-ed  and  he  organized  the 
firm  of  which  he  is  the  present  head. 

He  does  a  regular  real  estate  business,  rents, 


at  the  St.  Louis  I^aw  School,  and,  retiring  from  buys,  sells,  collects,  acts  as  agent  for  investors, 

the  internal  revenue  service  in  November,  l'H8!',  etc.,    and   the  history  of  his  transactions  have 

accepted  a  ]iosition  as  assistant  manager  t)f  the  been  marked  by  the  large  number  of  important 

National    Ainiucinia    Conii>ain  ,    which    he  still  transfers  he  has  closed  and   the  number  of  big 

holds.      Mr.  .\twt>od,  while  young  in  years,  has  foreign  investors  he  represents  here.     Remark- 


10 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


ably  sound  judgment  has  characterized  all  his 
uu)\-es  in  the  real  estate  field,  and  to  this  is 
doubtless  due  his  conspicuous  success.  .Mr. 
Collins  was  induced  1)\-  his  friends  se\'eral  )ears 
ago  to  become  a  candidate  for  the  House  of 
Delegates.  He  was  elected,  and  during  his 
incumbency  made  a  most  efficient  and  able 
public  servant,  acting  as  chairman  of  the  ways 
and  means  connnittee  and  as  speaker  y6/v) /rw. 
Air.  Collins  is  a  young  man,  and  from  what 
he  has  already  accomplished  gives  great  promise 
of  rising  to  a  high  position  in  the  commercial 
world. 

jA.NNOPon.n,  Dis.Min'Rir.s,  Consul  of  C.reece 
at  St.  Louis,  Royal  (ireek  Commissioner  at  llie 
World's  Columbian  H.vposition,  and  the  most 
jjromiuent  tent  and  awning  manufacturer  and 
merchant  in  the  United  States,  is  a  man  witl)  a 
most  interesting  historv.  His  discouragements 
ha\e  been  sufficientX'  numerous  to  have  broken 
the  spirit  of  almost  an\-  man,  but  to  him  ever\- 
trouble  has  been  an  incentive  to  further  exer- 
tion, and  as  a  result  he  has  risen  to  a  position 
of  eminence  and  wealth  which  entitles  him  to 
the  respect  of  the  citizens  of  the  countr\-  of  his 
ado])tion,  as  well  as  the  subjects  of  the  King  of 
Greece,  of  which  country  Air.  Jannojwulo  is  a 
native. 

He  was  born  in  Thcssalv,  in  \'olo  pro\'ince, 
at  the  foot  of  the  historical  Mount  Pelion.  His 
father,  Air.  John  Jannopoulo,  was  one  of  the 
organization  known  as  the  "  Friends  of  Greece," 
and  fought  in  the  heroic  struggle  for  liberty 
against  the  Turks,  some  seventy  years  ago. 
Although  the  struggle  for  liberty  was  in  the  end 
successful,  the  province  of  Thessaly,  in  which 
Mr.  Jannopoulo  resided,  did  not  become  a  por- 
tion of  the  kingdom  of  Greece  until  after  his 
death,  so  that  he  did  not  live  to  see  the  consum- 
mation of  his  most  devout  wish. 

Young  Demetrius  received  a  rudimentary  edu- 
cation in  Thessaly,  and  then  went  to  Smyrna, 
Turkey,  where  he  studied  for  a  short  time.  He 
came  on  to  this  country  when  a  mere  boy. 
Landing  in  New  York  practically  without  funds, 
he  sought  a  position  and  obtained  one  in  a  mer- 


cantile house,  where  he  remained  for  about 
eighteen  months.  He  then  rcturui'd  to  luiro])e, 
rather  as  a  \isitor  than  otherwise,  as  he  had 
fully  determined  to  make  the  United  States  his 
permanent  home.  Connecting  himself  with  a 
large  e.xporting  house  in  the  Knglish  metrojio- 
lis  he  tra\eled  as  a  bu\er  for  merchandise 
shipped  to  Kurope  and  .\sia,  and  it  was  during 
this  time  that  he  perfected  himself  in  his  educa- 
tion and  became  the  master  of  several  different 
languages,  all  of  which  he  speaks  fluenth-. 

After  a  year  and  a  half  of  this  work  the  firm 
with  which  he  was  identified  closed  uj)  its  busi- 
ness, and  Air.  Jannopoulo  returned  to  this  coun- 
try. After  a  short  sojourn  in  New  York  he 
went  on  to  Chicago,  where  lie  was  o\erlaken  by 
the  great  fire,  which  consumed  nearlv  all  his 
earthly  possessions. 

In  November,  bSTl,  he  came  to  ,St.  Louis, 
and  jnirchased  a  patent  co\-ering  a  heating  a]> 
paratus  for  buildings.  He  devoted  his  atten- 
tion to  this  work  for  about  a  year  and  a  half, 
and  then,  finding  insufficient  scope  lor  his 
energy,  he,  in  the  year  LSTo,  started  in  the  tent 
and  awning  business  on  a  very  small  scale,  on 
Alarket  street,  near  Alain.  His  capital  was 
about  three  hundred  dollars,  and  it  was  oul\-  his 
indomitable  push  and  energv  which  enabled 
him  to  establish  a  business  on  such  an  insig- 
nificant foundation.  Before  many  years  had 
elapsed,  however,  he  had  the  largest  tent  and 
awning  business  in  the  country,  and  for  some 
\ears  he  has  been  absolutely  at  the  head  of  the 
profession,  no  other  city  in  the  country  jjeing 
able  to  compete  with  his  house  for  large  con- 
tracts. Combining  exceptional  commercial  tact 
with  unicjue  inventive  ability,  Air.  Jannopoulo 
has  made  the  very  best  of  his  opportunities. 
Twelve  different  patents  on  his  own  inventions 
have  proved  remarkablv  successful,  and  he  was 
the  first  man  in  this  line  to  introduce  steam 
power  and  the  latest  improvements,  so  as  to 
make  it  possible  to  manufacture  tents  on  a  whole- 
sale scale.  During  the  great  railroad  building 
lioom  in  the  West  and  Southwest  Air.  Janno- 
poulo sn])plied  thousands  of  tents  for  use  by  the 
constructors,  and  he  has  also  filled  some  e.xcep- 

! 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


541 


tionally  large  contracts  for  the  United  States 
government.  On  the  occasion  of  the  (rrand 
Arni\-  of  the  Repnl)lic  hohling  its  encampment 
at  Cohinibns,  he  shijjped  ten  car-loads  of  tents  to 
that  town  for  the  convenience  of  the  old  soldiers, 
and  to  many  other  cities  for  snch  occasions. 

In  1880  the  Market  street  premises  being 
entireh-  ontgrown,  Mr.  Jannopoulo  leased  a 
honse  on  Chestnut  street,  and  in  the  following 
year  pnrchased  the  honse,  as  well  as  some  ad- 
joining property.  On  this  land  he  bnilt  an 
addition  fonr  stories  high,  and  completed  the 
most  com])Iete  and  model  tent  and  awning  fac- 
tory in  the  world.  Ten  years  after  he  had 
started  in  business  with  a  nominal  cajiilal  he 
incorporated  his  concern,  with  a  capital  of  a 
hundred  thousand  dollars,  retaining  ninety-five 
per  cent  of  the  stock,  and  being  apjiointed 
president  of  the  comj^any.  The  Jannopoulo 
Tent  and  .Vwniug  Company  to-day  is  the  largest 
concern  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States,  and 
its  president  also  occupies  the  position  of  a  dry 
goods  connnission  man.  In  18S7  Mr.  Janno- 
poulo contracted  for  the  entire  supply  of  two 
large  duck  mills,  of  which  no  one  could 
purchase  the  product,  e.\cept  from  him.  In 
ISIM)  the  cotton  duck  mill  at  West  Point, 
Georgia,  suspended  in  consequence  of  internal 
difficulties.  Mr.  Jannopoulo  hurried  down 
South,  advanced  the  necessary  money  to  reor- 
ganize the  com])any,  reo])ened  the  works,  and 
was  ajiiiointed  president  and  treasurer.  lie 
ran  the  mills  for  about  two  years,  and  then  dis- 
posed of  his  interest. 

In  1>>^»I  Mr.  Janno])oulo  took  a  U\\>  to  ICnrope, 
and  on  his  return  pnrchased  a  couutr\-  residence 
at  Webster  Oroves.  lie  immedialeh-  drew  up 
his  own  ])lans,  sui)erintended  the  construction 
of  the  house,  and  laid  out  the  grounds,  consist- 
ing of  twenty-two  acres,  into  a  magnificent 
park  and  flower  garden.  He  has  expended 
about  seventy  thousand  dollars  on  this  work, 
and  his  home  is  now  the  most  elegant  in  St. 
Louis  county. 

About  two  years  ago  ^Ir.  Januoi)i)ulo  installed 
as  mistress  in  this  palatial  home  Mi.ss  Helen 
I'hiambolis,    of    .Vlhens,    Cireece.      The    ladv    is 


the  daughter  of  the  minister  of  the  Greek  Or- 
tliodo.x  Church  in  Chicago.  On  visiting  Chi- 
cago :\Ir.  Jannopoulo  made  the  acquaintance  of 
Mr.  Phianibolis'  family,  and,  after  a  very  short 
engagement,  made  Miss  Phiambolis  his  wife. 

Among  the  nrarks  of  distinction  wliich  Mr. 
Jannopoulo  has  won  in  the  course  of  his  event- 
ful and  honorable  career  may  be  mentioned  the 
(rreek  consulship  at  St.  Louis,  wdiich  was  given 
him  about  seven  years  ago,  and  also  the  decora- 
tion of  the  Cross  of  Chevalier  of  the  Royal 
Order  of  the  Savior.  This  latter  decoration  is 
the  most  distinguished  within  the  gift  of  tlie 
King,  and  it  was  gi\-en  him  in  recognition  of 
services  to  the  Greek  nation  and  to  Greeks 
in  America.  He  was  also  Royal  Greek  Com- 
missioner at  the  World's  Fair,  and  had  the  sat- 
isfaction of  .seeing  the  country  of  his  birth  carrv 
off  fifty-six  awards. 

Locally,  Mr.  Jannojioulo  is  respected  verv 
highly,  and,  although  still  in  the  prime  of  life, 
has  the  satisfaction  of  knowing  lie  has  achieved 
an  enviable  destiny  and  lived  a  most  honora1)le 
and  useful  life. 

Jacob.sox,  Hkxrv,  M.I).,  is  a  rising  young 
physician  who.se  talent  and  ability  gives  promis- 
ing indications  of  what  he  will  some  day  accom- 
plish. He  has  passed  his  whole  life  in  St.  Louis, 
and  it  will  very  likely  be  the  scene  of  his  future 
and  final  professional  triumphs.  He  is  the  son  of 
Simon  and  Ivrnesline  ( Bresler)  Jacobson,  and 
was  born  in  this  city  in  18(i.'),  and  is,  therefore, 
at  this  date  (18it4)  but  twenty-nine  years  of 
age.  He  received  his  primary  education  at  tlie 
common  schools,  finishing  at  Washington  Uni- 
versity, where  he  took  the  full  course  and  grad- 
uated at  the  age  of  eighteen. 

Haxing  previously  determined  to  become  a 
physician,  as  his  tastes  all  inclined  that  wav,  he 
entered  the  Missouri  Medical  College,  and  after 
a  three-years'  course  graduated  therefrom  in 
I.ssi;  with  high  honors.  Following  this  grad- 
uation he  i^assed  a  competitive  examination  and 
entered  the  City  Hospital,  where  he  remained 
for  a  year  as  assistant  physician.  Here  lie  gave 
the  best  of  satisfaction.        At  the  end  of   vear 


542 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


left  the  Cit\'  Hospital  to  take  up  similar  position 
ill  the  Female  Hospital,  where  he  likewise  re- 
mained a  year,  when  he  was  appointed  assistant 
physician  at  the  Cit\-  Dispensary,  remaining;  in 
that  place  nntil  May,  ISii^.  It  was  here  that 
lu-  made  a  most  enviable  reputation,  dealiii<( 
with  evcr\'  \-ariety  of  surgical  and  medical  dis- 
ease with  which  he  came  in  contact  with  nni- 
form  courtesy,  and  treating  the  patients  brought 
III  the  dispensary  with  such  skill  that  all  were 
convinced  of  his  fitness  for  the  office,  as  well  as 
his  ability  as  a  physician.  Although  he  is 
N'oung  ill  years,  yet  he  is  old  in  experience,  the 
various  public  positions  he  has  held  being  well 
adapted  to  giving  the  practice  and  experience 
so  necessary  to  tlie  making  of  the  skillful  phy- 
sician. 

It  might  safely  be  said  that  he  has  had  more 
practical  instruction  in  this  way  than  could  be 
obtained  in  a  score  of  years  in  the  course  of  or- 
dinar\'  practice.  He  therefore  has  in  his  fa\or 
>()uth,  experience,  energy  and  knowledge,  and 
it  would  be  a  sur])rise,  indeed,  did  he  not  vet  rise 
to  a  high  place  in  the  profession.  His  learning 
and  ability  have  met  with  recognition  from  an- 
other quarter  than  the  field  of  regular  and  hos- 
pital practice,  and  he  is  at  present  clinical  pro- 
fes.sor  of  genito-urinar\'  and  rectal  diseases  at 
the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  and 
also  at  Women's  Medical  College;  he  is  like- 
wise attending  surgeon  and  physician  at  Wom- 
an's Hospital.  He  is  also  surgeon  for  several 
insurance  companies,  and  being  a  believer  in 
the  theor\-  that  men  of  every  calling  should 
profit  by  the  ideas  of  their  fellow-men,  he  is  ac- 
cordingly a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  Citv 
Hospital  Society  and  the  .St.  Louis  Medical 
Society. 

l'"ew  physicians  a  score  of  years  older  than 
Dr.  Jacobson  have  had  his  experience  and  prac- 
tice. His  positions  in  public  institutions  have 
given  him  great  opportunities — and  practice 
is  more  than  any  other  factor  in  medicine.  Dr. 
Jacobson  was  married  in  LSiK)  to  Miss  Laura 
Davis,  an  estimable  and  handsome  voune  ladv 
of  St.  Louis,  graduate  of  St.  Louis  Public  High 
School. 


H.MDiv,  Jkkomk  Ki;.\tinc;,  ^LI).,soll  of  Dr. 
Peter  Bauduy  and  Amelia  Keating,  daughter  of 
John  Keating,  of  Castle  Keating,  Limerick 
countN',  Ireland,  who  was  iiU)st  prominentlv 
identified  with  the  Irish  Brigade,  and  after 
removing  Vo  Philadelphia,  was  supposed  to  be 
the  last  sur\iving  officer  of  the  celebrated  Irish 
Brigade,  and  the  last  who  received  the  Cross  of 
Louis  X\'I.  Jerome  was  born  in  1840  in  Cuba, 
but  came  to  this  cnuntr\-  with  his  parents  when 
but  ten  days  old.  The\-  settled  in  Philadelphia, 
where  his  father  enjoyed  a  good  practice  in  his 
chosen  profession. 

His  early  education  was  first  obtained  at 
(Georgetown  College,  where  he  prepared  himself 
for  a  more  extensive  course  of  study,  and  later 
he  went  to  Belgium,  where  he  ])ursued  a  course 
ill  classics  for  three  years,  subsequently  finish- 
ing his  course  at  the  University  of  Louvian, 
graduating  with  distinguished  honors  and 
obtaining  the  academic  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Philosophy.  Returning  to  Philadelphia  in  ISSJl, 
he  began  the  study  of  medicine  as  private  stu- 
dent of  Dr.  Acc)sta,  under  whose  instructions  and 
guidance  he  was  prepared  to  enter  the  medical 
department  of  the  l^niversit\'  of  I'ennsylvania, 
attending  one  session,  when  he  matriculated  in 
the  Jefferson  College  of  Medicine,  of  Phila- 
delphia, where  he  completed  a  three-\ears' 
course  and  graduated  in  18ti.'). 

The  Doctor  entered  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  was  in  the  famous  second  battle  of  Bull  Run. 
He  was  transferred  to  the  Army  of  the  Cumber- 
land and  became  attached  to  the  staff  of  Creneral 
Rosecrans.  During  his  army  career  in  181)1 
he  was  commissioned  bv  President  Abraham 
Lincoln  second  lieutenant  of  the  Fourth  Regi- 
ment Artillery,  U.  S.  A.  The  Doctor  resigned 
his  connection  with  the  arm\'  to  engage  in  the 
practice  of  medicine.  He  turned  his  way  to  St. 
Louis  about  the  }-ear  isii.'i.  ( )ne  of  the  first 
positions  the  Doctor  held  in  his  new  field  of 
labor  was  that  of  physician-in-chief  to  St. 
\'incent's  Hospital  for  the  Insane.  In  this 
institution  the  Doctor  retained  his  position  for 
twenty-four  years,  made  a  success  beyond  the 
most  sanguine  expectations  of  those  associated 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


543 


with  liim.  He  resigned  the  post  of  duty  in  1S8<).  on  "Nervous  Diseases,"  and  since,  at  the 
The  Doctor  treated  nearly  2,000  inebriate  repeated  solicitations  of  liis  students  and  fellow- 
patients,  and  reduced  the  mortality  from  seven-  practitioners,  he  has  edited  a  more  complete 
teen  per  cent  to  eleven  per  cent.  This  marvel-  work  u])on  the  same  subject,  having  already 
ous  success  was  brought  about  by  the  Doctor  ])ublished  the  first  volume  of  this,  the  second 
changing  the  treatment  from  the  old  theory  of  edition;  the  second  volume  promises  to  complete 
administering  opium,  In  the  celclirated  and  a  work  which  will  be  thorough  and  exhaustive 
more  recent  treatment  of  Anstie,  of  London,  of  the  subject,  the  whole  the  result  of  original 
During  the  close  of  the  year  of  the  aihninistra-  research  and  constant  study. 

tiou    of    the    old    St.    Louis    County    Court   the  In  medico-legal  matters  the  Doctor  has  figured 

Doctor   was   appointed    visiting  and   consulting  (juite    promiuentlv   and   verv  successfuUv.      He 


p  h  y  s  i  c  i  a  n  to  the 
then  St.  Louis 
County  L  u  n  a  t  i  c 
.•\sylum,  the  present 
Citv  Insane  Asvlum, 
which  ]iosition  he 
held  for  one  year  and 
resigned  in  conse- 
q  u  e  u  c  e  of  t  h  e 
amount  of  time  it 
consumed,  thereby 
interfering  w'ith  his 
general  ]>ractice. 
He  has  held  uuuier- 
ous  other  public 
positions  for  o\er 
twenty  years. 

In  ISTOthc  Doctor 
was  elected  to  the 
chair  of  professor  of 
diseases  of  tin-  niiiid 
and  nervous  system 
in  the  College  of 
Physicians  and  Snr- 
vreons.      In     1 M7 1     In- 


Dk.  J.   k.   IIAI  1)1  >  . 


was  very  useful  in 
de\'eloping  the  sali- 
ent points,  and  in- 
strumental in  event- 
ually bringing  about 
proper  decisions  in 
I  lie  celebrated  Max 
K  1  i  n  g  e  r  case,  of 
L'^io,  in  which  the 
question  of  epilepsy 
was  extensively  dis- 
cussed, and  likewise 
has  been  identified 
in  all  celebrated 
cases  in  this  and  ad- 
joining States. 

The  Doctor  has 
figured  jirouiinentK- 
in  all  charitable 
works  and  institu- 
tions, among  which 
nuiy  be  mentioned 
his  appointment  as 
physician  to  the 
House  of  Good  Shepherd, 


was  elected   lo  the   same  \isitation  .\cadem\ 

chair  in  the  .Missouri  .Medical  College,  and  con-  l-'emale  <  )rj)han    .\sylum,   under  the   Sisters  of 

tinues  to  hold  .same.  St.  Joseph.     The  Doctor  is  a  member  of  the  St. 

In  INT'.i  the  Doctor  delivered  an  address  before  Joseph  Obstetrical  and  (lyn;ecological  Societ\-, 

the  vSt.   Louis  rui\(.-rsily  wluii  lie  li. id  conferred  of     which     he     was     i)ri'sident      in      1S!I(),     tin- 

upt>n  him   the  degree  of   LL.D.      The  tenor  of  .Medico-Chirurgical   .Association  of    St.    Louis, 

his  discourse  on  this  occasion   was  the  study  of  the    .\merican     Xenrological    .Association,     the 

the   "Culti\alion   of    llie    Will-l'ower."       The  Ww    \'ork     Medico-Legal    Society,    .Vnierican 

Doctor  has  written  quite  extensively,  and  besides  .\ssociation     of     Medical      Superintendents     of 

having  contributed    to   nearly    all    the    leading  Insane  .\sylnms,  and  a  prominent  member  of  the 

medical    magazines   and    journals,  both    in    this  (irand  .\rm\-  of  the  Republic. 

city  and  elsewhere,  lie  piiblisheil  in  IMiiawork  In  .\pril    last   the   Doctor  distinguished   him- 


544 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.  LOUIS. 


self  ill  Uk-  annual  address  deli\'ered  l^eforc  the 
Alumni  Association  of  the  Jefferson  Medical 
College,  of  IMiiladelphia.  Tlie  Doctor  married, 
in  Nashville,  Tennessee,  Miss  Caroline  Ikink- 
head,  daughter  of  General  Bankhead,  of  the 
I'nited  .States  Army,  and  related  to  army  and 
navy  people  generalh'.  They  have  an  interest- 
ing family  of  eight  children  living,  the  oldest 
of  wliicli  is  Dr.  W.  K.  iiauduy,  a  young  and 
promising  physician,  now  connected  with  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons — a  professor 
of  neurology.  The  Doctor  has  seen  the  ins  and 
outs  of  a  long  practice,  both  successful  and 
lucrative,  having  practiced  generally  for  almost 
a  quarter  of  a  century.  He  has  now  established 
a  special  practice  of  the  diseases  of  the  uiiiul 
and  nervous  system. 

Hri'iMCK'P,  WiiJJAJr  Kdwakd. — One  of  the 
active  and  successful  citizens  of  the  .South  End 
of  St.  Lotiis,  and  one  who  is  interested  in  a 
great  variety  of  enterprises,  is  the  gentleman 
above  named,  who  is  proud  of  the  fact  that  his 
success  is  wholly  due  to  his  own  energy  and 
industrv.  The  son  of  Jacob  and  Catherine 
(.Stoehr)  Iluppert,  he  was  born  at  Bethalto, 
Madison  count)-,  Illinois,  No\-ember  2i),  \>>'.i\\ 
and  attended  the  schools  of  his  native  place 
during  his  earlier  childhood.  When  he  was 
eleven  years  old  his  parents  moved  to  Carondelet, 
and  within  a  short  time  thereafter  the  sou 
entered  Jones'  Commercial  College,  of  this  city, 
taking  the  full  course  within  the  short  space  of 
four  months.  His  father  had  in  the  meantime 
gone  into  business  in  Carondelet,  and  after 
leaving  school  the  son  assisted  him  for  about 
five  years.  After  leaving  his  father  he  worked 
for  a  short  time  for  John  Kranss  of  this  city,  and 
for  a  few  months  at  Terre  Haute,  Indiana,  and 
then  returning  to  St.  Louis  engaged  hinrself  as 
book-keeper  to  F.  Ganahl,  the  lumberman,  with 
whom  he  remained  about  a  year,  and  then 
accepted  a  position  with  the  Klansmann  Brewery 
Company.  For  this  company  he  was  clerk  and 
book-keeper  and  assistant  secretary  successively, 
and  on  the  death  of  .Secretary  Rathgeber  was 
elected  to  his  place,  holding  it  until  the  brewery 


was  absorbed  b\-  the  syndicate  in  is.sn,  wlu-n  he 
was  transferred  to  the  Klausman  Brewer\  branch 
as  chief  clerk  and  cashier.  The  place  which  he 
vet  holds  is  a  very  resijonsible  one,  being  next 
in  importance  to  that  of  general  manager,  a 
jjosition  he  has  often  filled  in  the  absence  of  that 
ofTicer.  Yet  the  brewery  is  by  no  means  the 
onl\-  interest  that  occujiies  Mr.  liuppert's 
attention.  He  is  a  most  public-spiiili'd  citizen, 
and  has  proved  his  local  jjiide  and  patriotism 
by  lending  his  time  and  investing  his  money  in 
a  great  many  Carondelet  enterprises.  One  of  the 
organizers  and  incorporators  of  the  Carondelet 
Milling  Company  was  Mr.  Huppert,  and  he  is 
now  one  of  its  directors  and  its  secretar\-.  He 
is  also  secretar\-  of  the  Krauss  Improvement  and 
Investment  Company,  of  which  he  was  also  one 
of  the  incorporators,  holding  a  one-fotirth  inter- 
est. He  did  active  work  in  the  organization  of 
the  .Southern  Commercial  .Sa\ings  Bank,  and  is 
a  director  and  its  assistant  cashier.  Besides  he 
is  a  director  of  the  South  Knd  Building  and 
Loan  Association;  is  secretary  of  the  board  of 
directors  of  the  Carondelet  Gerniania  Gymnastic 
Societ}';  is  a  Royal  Arch  Mason  and  a  Knight 
of  Pythias.  By  industry  and  perseverance  he 
has  forced  his  way  to  the  front,  l)Ut  attributes 
much  of  his  success  in  life  to  his  excellent  wife, 
whom  as  Miss  Anna  K.  Leiss,  of  St.  Louis,  he 
married  January  11,  1881. 

Laxgk,  Ai^kxaxder  p. — .Alexander  P. Lange, 
the  prosperous  manufacturer,  and  secretary  of 
the  Lange  Fence  and  Wire  Company,  was  born 
in  this  city  and  has  spent  his  whole  life  here. 
June  1,  IMlili,  was  the  day  on  which  he  first  saw 
the  light,  and  it  will  thus  be  seen  that  he  is  still 
in  his  youth.  He  was  given  a  good  education 
by  his  parents,  attending  the  common  schools 
of  the  city,  Smith's  Academy  and  the  .St.  Louis 
High  School.  This  was  followed  by  the  full 
courses  at  the  .St.  Louis  Manual  Training 
School,  from  which  he  graduated  with  a  fund  of 
knowledge  that  has  proved  of  exceptional  utility 
to  him  in  his  business  relations.  After  the  com- 
pletion of  his  education,  feeling  that  he  had  a 
taste    for   commercial    pursuits  he  entered    the 


A'/r  yCRAPHICAL     APPF.NniX. 


545 


L'lnplov  (if  the  Liiilli)\v-Sa\  liir  Wire  C<>ini>an\-. 
After  a  lenu  nf  two  >'car.s  had  lieeii  s])eiit  in  the 
service  of  liiis  company,  iiuhicenieiits  were 
offered  liiiii  l)y  llie  Freeinaii  Wire  Company, 
and  he,  Ijeiiiij  ami)itious  and  ever-alert  for 
ad\-ancenienl,  accepted.  This  position  he  held 
three  years,  durino;  that  time  savinjj;  every  snr- 
plus  cent  of  his  wages,  and  applying  his  whole 
energy  to  learning  thoronghh'  everv  detail  of 
the  process  of  wire  mannfacture.  So  snccess- 
fnlly  did  he  ajjplv  himself  to  these  ends,  that 
he  was  enabled  to  resign  his  jjosition  and  enter 
business  for  hinrsilf  at  theend  of  the  period  aliove 
named.  Throngh  his  indnstry  and  effort  the 
Lange  I'^ence  and  Wire  Company  was  organized, 
and  in  A])ril,  IMhi,  (ipened  for  bnsiness  with 
offices  on  Franklin  a\enne.  The  bir'^iness  is 
incorporated  niider  the  laws  of  .Missouri,  with  a 
capital  of  !?  1(1, 000,  with  William  I^..  I^ange, 
president,  and  .Mexander  P.  Lange,  secretarv. 
The  company  enga,ges  in  a  general  manufactiir- 
in.g  bnsiness,  its  principal  ontimt  bein.g  wire 
fences,  cle\'ator  inclosures,  scroll  work,  bank 
railings,  window  guards,  etc.,  and  it  is  largeh' 
through  the  technical  knowledge  of  Mr.  .Mex- 
ander P.  Lange  that  the  l)usiness  has  been 
administered  so  successfnlh'.  fie  is  a  \oung 
man  of  remarkable  energx',  which,  united  with 
good  jud.gnient  and  natural  business  capacity, 
augurs  that  he  will  attain  a  high  success  in  the 
commercial  world  il  the  usual  s])au  of  life  is 
allowed   him. 

Li  i-.iiKMANX,  CiiAKi.K.s  F. ,  Sou  of  Heurx  H. 
and  .Mar\  (Me\er)  Luehrmann,  was  born  at 
West  Oldendorff,  C.ernuuu.  .March  lU,  bs:;."). 
He  came  to  this  country  with  his  parents  when 
under  three  years  of  age,  and  they  settled  in 
Cincinnati,  (  )hi<),  where  he  atten<led  the  ])ublic 
schools  until  twelve  years  of  a,ge,  when  he  was 
apprenticed  to  a  cari)enter  tt>  learn  that  busi- 
ness. He  scr\cd  for  three  years,  and  when  >e\- 
enteen  years  of  a,ge  moved  to  St.  Louis,  where 
he  obtained  em])loyment  as  a  journeyman. 

At  the  outbreak  of  the  war  he  enlisted  as  a 
\olnnteer  on  the  uinel\-davs'  call  in  the  b'ourth 
Missouri  Infantrx  Regiment,  aiul  at  the  expira- 
35 


tion  of  the  ninety  da\s  he  received  a  commission 
as  captain  in  the  Eleventh  Regiment,  Company 
G,  .Missouri  Infantry.  On  being  nmstered  out 
he  returned  to  his  trade  as  carpenter. 

.\fter  wi)rking  a  short  time  at  the  beucli  and 
completing  his  education  in  this  line,  he  decided 
to  enter  into  business  for  himself,  and  joining 
an  elder  1)rother  started  a  planing  mill.  They 
continued  in  partnership  for  eleven  years,  dur- 
ing which  time  the  estalilishment  was  burned 
out,  incurring  a  loss  of  >!  19,000.  Xothing 
daunted  by  this  calamity  Mr.  Luehrmann  started 
afresh,  and  by  dint  of  untiring  energy  and  most 
careful  ecouom\  he  was  soon  able  to  .get  himself 
again  in  a  sound  financial  condition,  and  to 
liquidate  c\er\-  obligation  which  existed  at  the 
time  of  the  fire. 

This  high-spirited  and  vigorous  man  pro- 
ceeded to  build  a  new  mill  of  double  capacitv. 
Aided  b\-  the  ver\-  best  machinery  that  monev 
could  purchase,  an  enormous  amount  of  work 
was  turned  out,  and  from  tlie  commencement 
nothing  but  the  highest  class  of  goods  were 
produced.  .Mr.  Luehrmann  continued  in  busi- 
ness until  l'S7(),  when  he  sold  out,  and  since  that 
time  he  has  coutined  his  attention  exclnsivelv 
til  the  lumber  business. 

I-'or  about  thirteen  years  after  the  date  named 
he  was  in  the  commission  business,  building  up 
one  of  the  largest  trades  the  West  has  ever  seen, 
and  he  then  ojiened  a  hardwood  lumber  \ard  on 
Carroll  and  Kosciusko  streets,  near  the  Iron 
Mountain  freight  depot,  where  he  is  still  in 
bnsiness. 

lie  has  established  a  reputatii)u  for  first- 
class  work  as  well  as  for  integrity  which  makes 
him  at  once  the  envy  of  his  rivals,  and  he  has 
no  difficulty  in  securing  as  much  business  as 
even  his  enormous  establishment  can  easily 
attend  to. 

Mr.  Luehrmann  married,  in  the  year  !>>.")(), 
Mi-N  Louise  Kurt/,  of  St.  Louis,  and  had  two 
children,  both  daughters.  His  wife  died  in 
l>>(iL  and  lie  subsequently  married  Miss  Man.- 
Welker,  of  this  city.  Hy  his  .second  marriage 
he  has  had  a  family  of  six — all  boys — three  of 
whom   died   in    iufauc\'. 


■)4K 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


Mansur,  Al\"AH,  was  hoiii  in  Lowell,  Mass- 
achusetts, December  .'>,  1<h;5;5.  His  father,  also 
iKuned  Alvah  Mansur,  came  from  tlie  little  towu 
of  Wiltou,  iu  the  hills  of  New  Haui])shire,  where 
his  ancestors  had  lixeil  since  early  colonial  da\s. 
Became  to  Lowell  early  in  its  history,  attracted 
thither  by  the  prospect  of  tlie  npbuildinj^  of  a 
flourishini^  nuuuifacturino;  center,  by  reason  ol 
its  ijreat  natural  water  power,  tlu-n  beini;  im- 
proved. Here  he  enjjaged  in  the  mauufacture 
of  woolens,  and  became  prominent  in  mau\- 
enterprises  in  the  earh'  life  of  the  city. 

Elizabeth  Wood,  the  mother  of  the  .subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  a  native  of  Massachusetts,  and 
her  family  also  for  several  oreueratious  had  lived 
in  that  state.  The  present  Ahah  Mansur  was 
educated  iu  the  [lublic  schools  of  Lowell,  and 
fitted  for  Harvard  University  at  Phillips'  Acad- 
emv,  Andover,  Massachusetts,  under  Samuel  H. 
Taylor,  but  ne\-er  entered,  preferrinc^  to  euj^a.y;e 
at  once  iu  the  active  business  of  life. 

Believing  that  the  largest  commercial  center 
contained  the  largest  commercial  prizes,  he  left 
his  native  city  and  accepted  a  clerkship  iu  a 
wholesale  importing  hardware  house  iu  New 
York  citv,  where  he  served  for  three  years,  wlien. 
catching  the  western  fe\er,  he  migrated  to  Illi- 
nois, embarking  in  the  hardware  business  at 
Moline.  Here  he  continued  until  L'^.')'),  when 
somewhat  bruised  frt)m  the  general  shakiugupby 
the  great  financial  disaster  of  1<S.')7,  and  still  fol- 
lowing Horace  Greeley's  advice,  he  again  started 
westward,  crossing  the/>//j/)/s  (now  the  states  of 
Kansas,  Nebraska  and  Wyoming)  by  team,  to  the 
so-called  Pike's  Peak  country  in  search  of  gold. 
Returning  to  Moline  the  same  year  with  nothing 
gained  save,  perhaps,  something  in  experience, 
he  entered  the  employ  of  John  Deere,  the  pio- 
neer plow  manufacturer  of  the  West. 

In  this  employment  he  continued  until  the 
outbreak  of  the  rebellion,  when  he  assisted  in 
raising  a  company  of  men  iu  response  to  Presi- 
dent Lincoln's  first  call  for  three-months'  troops. 
So  many  more  tendered  their  services  than  were 
called  for  that  all  were  not  accepted,  and  his 
company-  was  among  the  latter.  Under  the  sec- 
ond call    "  for  three  years,   unless  sooner  dis- 


charged," however,  he  entered  the  service  with 
his  company,  the  Nineteenth  Illinois  Infantr\ , 
and  followed  the  fortunes  of  the  .\rm\of  theCuui- 
berland  for  nearly  three  years.  .\t  the  close  of 
the  war  he  si)eut  four  years  iu  llie  ihen  territory 
of  Colorado,  engaged  in  (puutz  mining  and  inill- 
iug,  with  a  fair  measure  of  success. 

In  b'^iil',  forming  a  copartnership  with  his  old 
cmi)lo\er,  he  opened  an  agricultural  im])lemeut 
house  iu  Kansas  Cit\',  Missouri,  under  the  name 
oi  Deere,  .Mansur&Companw  In  1S74  heo])eued 
a  similar  house  iu  .St.  Louis,  and  under  the  same 
name,  but  having  an  additional  associate  in  the 
])erson  of  his  brother-in-law,  Mr.  L.  H.  Tebbetts. 
These  two  houses  he  continued  to  run  until  ISHO, 
when  lie  sold  his  interest  in  the  Kansas  City 
house,  at  same  time  bu\ing  Mr.  Deere's  inter- 
est iu  the  St.  Ivouis  business.  Then  was  organ- 
ized the  Mansur  i^c  Tebbetts  Implement  Com- 
pany, which  still  continues,  witli  Mr.  Mansur  as 
its  president.  In  the  year  isyi'.,  together  with 
Mr.  Charles  H.  Deere,  at  Moline,  Illinois,  he 
commenced  the  mauufacture  of  agricultural  ini- 
l)lemeuts,  under  the  corporate  name  of  Deere 
it  ^Lulsnr  Compan\-,  which  still  continues, 
with  Mr.  Mansur  as  vice-president  and  a  large 
owner.  He  is  president  of  the  Forest  Park 
Improvement  .Vssociatiou,  which  company  gave 
to  St.  Louis  the  beautiful  semi-suburban  re- 
treat which  includes  Westmoreland  and  Port- 
land ])laces. 

He  is  an  acti\e  director  in  the  .\merican  Kx- 
chauge  Hank,  in  the  St.  Louis  Trust  Com])any, 
the  Cr\stal  Plate  Glass  Com^iany,  and  the  St. 
Louis  P^air  Association.  He  is  also  an  active 
member  of  the  Commercial  Club,  and  its  \-ice- 
president.  His  other  clubs  are  the  St.  Louis 
and  the  Noonday. 

Mr.  Mansur  has  shown  an  intelligent  interest 
in  every  mo\ement  for  the  betterment  of  St. 
Louis  during  the  last  quarter  of  a  ceutur\-.  His 
standing  in  commercial  and  financial  circles  is 
verv  high,  and  he  is  one  of  the  reliable,  con- 
servative, and  at  the  saiue  time  enterprising, 
men  who  have  helped  to  give  to  St.  Louis  in- 
stitutions their  deservedly  high  reputation  in  all 
parts  of  the  countr\-. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    APPENDIX. 


547 


Allen,  Ediuxd  Tikj.mi'Sox,  is  one  of  the  proj^ress  when  lie  dexoted  liis  entire  time  to 
most  successful  lawyers  in  the  West,  and  his  practice  of  the  law,  and  he  was  speedily  ap- 
reputation  as  a  corjjoration  attorney  is cxcejition-  pointed  land  commissioner.  Immediatelv  after 
ally  hii^h.  I^ike  many  other  men  who  achie\-ed  the  war  he  ])racticed  alone  in  St.  I^ouis,  and 
great  success,  he  triaduated  from  the  newspaper  then  cnteied  into  partnershi]>  with  ;\Ir.  James 
ranks.  For  se\'eral  years  he  was  a  short-hand  K.  Kniy;ht,  who  was  subsequently  elected  clerk 
reporter  on  the  St.  Louis  papers.  At  that  time  of  the  Circuit  Court.  After  practicing  alone  for 
short-hand  writers  were  less  numerous  on  the  several  years  he  formed  a  partnership  with  Mr. 
press  than  thev  are  now,  and  ;\Ir.  Allen  was  Edgar  L.  Marston,  who  is  now  a  hanker  in  New 
much  appreciated  for  his  rajiid  stenographic 
work.  For  a  year  or  two  after  the  war  he  was 
associated  with  '\\x. 
L.  L.  Walhridge  in 
sliorl-liaiul  work  in 
the  ci\il  courts  of 
St.  Louis.  He  thus 
acquired  an  insight 
into  Missouri  prac- 
tice whicli,  possibh-, 
could  nnt  have  been 
better  olUaineil  i  n 
aii\-  other  v\-a\-,  and 
when  he  resumed 
the  i)ractice  of  hi.-; 
profession,  h.?  did  so 
with  nuuiv  ;ul\anla- 
gcs  in  his  la\or. 

Mr.  Allen  is  about 
fiftx-eight  \  ears  of 
age,havingbeenborn 
in  Fairhaveu,  Massa- 
chusetts, August  1", 
IS.'W;.  His  parents, 
Mr.  I'Mmnnd  a  n  d 
.Mrs.  Sarah  R.  (  Free- 


York   Cil>'.      <  )u   the  dissolution   of  the   firm  of 
-Allen  ^:  Marston,  the   remaining   member  took 

into    the    firm     his 
.sou,  Mr.  Clifford  B. 
^    ^  Allen,    wild    gradu- 

ated   fix)m     Vale    in 
'  iss.i,   and    who   has 

been  associated  with 
liis  father  iu  legal 
practice  ever  since. 
Mr.  .\llen  has  acted 
as  attorney,  director 
and  secretary  of  the 
Crystal  Plate  (ilass 
Comp;iny,as  director 
of  theSouth  St.  Louis 
Iron  Company,  and 
president  of  the 
Brush  li^lectric  Light 
Association,  the  first 


^. 


EOnUND  THOMPSON  Al.l.liN. 


company  to  iiitro- 
ducc  electric  liglit- 
ing  into  this  cil\  . 
He  has  also  served 
as  attorney  for  the 
Western  rninn  Tel- 
man  )  .\llen,  placed  him  in  the  Willistou  .Semi-  egraph  Company,  the  Iron  Mountain  Company, 
nary  after  he  had  received  the  rudiments  of  the  Harrison  Wire  Company,  the  Chouteau,  Har- 
educatiou  in  the  public  schools  and  in  the  ri.son  i^  \'alle  Iron  Company,  and  the  Farmers' 
iMieiids  .Vcadeiny  at  Xew  Bedford.  I^oan   and  Trust  ComiKun-. 

Imoui    the   celebrated    Kast   Hampton   seat   of  .\fter  his  appointment  by  the  United  Stales  Cir- 

learning  he  entered  Vale  and  graduated  in  the  cuit  Court  as  special  master  in  chancery  in  the 
class  of  1N.")7.  .\fter  obtaining  his  degree  he  Wal>ash  Railroad  foreclosure  proceedings,  he  de- 
was  admitted  totlie  bar  at  Xew  I'.cdford,  Massa-  voted  a  large  part  of  his  time  to  the  important  ques- 
chusetts,  and  there  entered  into  general  practice.  tions  which  arose  iu  that  case,  the  determination 
He  came  to  ,St.  Louis  in  August,  1>^(>;?.  of  which  occupied  between  four  and  five  years. 

Of  his  success  as  a  stenographer,  we  Iui\e  al-  While  exceedingly  attached  to  his  profession, 

reach    spoken.      He    was   eqiuilK    r.qiid    in    his      .Mr.  .\llen  has  been  interested  in  scientific  studies 


n-IS 


oi.n  A\'n  A7-;  w  sr.  /.or r/s. 


and  is  a  infiiil)cr  of  tlie  vSt.  Louis  Academy  of 
Science.  IK-  has  been  president  of  tlie  St. 
I.,ouis  Bar  .\sst)ciation,  and  of  tlie  St.  I.onis 
Ci\il  Service  Reform  .\ssociation. 

In  ISi;;;,  four  \cars  after  liis  admission  to  the 
bar,  .Mr.  .\llen  married  .Miss  Sylvia  T.  Bowen, 
of   Kairlia\en,  Massachusetts. 


Mr.  and  Mrs.  .\llen  ha\e  three  children,  Clil-      her  of   iuxestors   and    ]iro]H-rl\    Imlder' 


Mr.  Mersnian  then  entered  into  ])artnershii) 
with  Mr.  William  1'.  Xelson,  who  for  about  fif- 
teen \ears  had  been  conducting;  business  under 
the  style  of  W.  P.  Xelson  ^vi  Compaiu  ,  and 
(lra\  (S:  Xelson.  Miudi  of  the  hard  actixe  work 
of  till-  business  has  fallen  to  the  yoniiiier  iiieiii- 
ber,  who  eiiiovs  the  confideiice  of  a  laruf   nnm- 

Xatu- 


ford  B.,  to  whom  reference  has  alreadx-  lieiai 
made,  Edmniul  and  .\iiiia  M.,  who  is  now 
the  wife  of    Dr.     I..    T.    Stevens,   of    this  cit\  . 

Mkks.m.\.n,  ()Tr<i 
L.,  a  member  of  the 
firm  of  Xelson  X: 
Mersnian,  is  a  hiyhl\- 
educated  yonn^  pro- 
fessional man  who, 
after  an  extensive 
lour  thronjjh  Eiirojie 
and  a  brief  connec- 
tion with  commercial 
life,  identified  him- 
self with  the  real  es- 
tate interests  of  this 
city,  and  has  easily 
demonstrated  the 
fact  that  he  is  well 
achqited  for  the  pro- 
fession of  his  choice. 
The  firm  of  Xelson 
(S:  Mersnian  has  not 
been  connected  with 
any  sensational  boom 
mo\-einents.  It  is 
rather  regarded  as  a 


OTTO  I..   MKRSMAN. 


ralK  refiiu-d  ami  iutellii;i,-nt ,  Mr.  Mi-rsmau  has 
the  entree  into  the  best  societ\'  circles  of  the 
cit\  .      Me  is  a  member  of  the  Mercantile,  Xoon- 

day,  vSt.  Ivoiiis  and 
Jockey  clubs,  and 
takes  an  intelligent 
interest  in  local  en- 
terprises of  ever  y 
character.  He  is 
also  secretar\'  ol  the 
St.  I.ouis  Conntrv 
I'olo  Club,  and  is 
(juite  an  e.xjiert  j)oIo 
plaver.  4^e  is  a  di- 
rector ill  the  ImiJc- 
rial  Buildins;  Com- 
j)an\',  which  owns 
the  I'liion  T  r  n  s  t 
Buildiiii;,  the  finest 
office  buildinji;  in  the 
cit_\',  and  also  a  di- 
rector in  the  Mer- 
chants .X  alio  u  a  1 
Bank. 

In  (  It-tober,  iS77, 
lit-  married  Miss 
Mar\-    Scudder,    the 


conservative  and  reliable   house,  and  the    inter-      daughter  of  .Mr.  John  .\.  Sciidder,  of  St.  Louis. 


ests  entrusted  to  its  care  are  very  large. 

Mr.  .Mersnian  is  about  tliirt\-  \ears  of  age, 
having  been  born  in  St.  Louis,  .September  1>>, 
l><(i4.  His  parents  were  Joseph  J.  and  Clandine 
C.  (Crnsbar)  Mersnian.  .\fter  a  iirelimiiiary 
educational  training  he  entered  Washington 
University,  whence  he  graduated  with  honors 
at  the  age  of  twenty.  He  became  connected  with 
the  Pacific  Oil  Compaiu',  of  which  he  was  presi- 
dent, when,  in  LSSii,  it  was  absorbed  by  the 
Standard  Oil  Conij)any. 


Mr.  and  .Mrs.  Mersmaii  lia\e  three  children, 
.Scudder,  Isabel  and  Otto  L.  The  family  re- 
sides in  a  very  handsome  residence,  Xo.  71 
Vandeventer  place. 

.Mr.  Mersman  has  had  the  advantage  of  an 
Euro])eaii  tour.  Before  starting  in  commercial 
life  he  s])eiit  a  \ear  in  the  principal  capitals  of 
the  old  world,  and  gained  \alnable  ideas  and 
e\])erience,  of  which  he  has  since  made  full 
use  in  his  successful  business  and  professional 
career. 


lUOCRAPHICAL  APPENPIX. 


-AW 


Johnson,  Mosics  P.,  was  hnru  in  Ilnhhavd-  cliiiRrv  l)iisiurss.  I'poii  iIil- dcalli  (if  Mr.  Robert, 
ston,  Massacliusetts,  March  i',  l^i.'il.  1  lis  lalhor,  in  l^si;,  Mr.  JdIhisou  Ikhii^Iu  oul  tht-  interest  of 
Da\i(l  I,.  Jolmson,  was  a  leadin.i^-  citizen  of  the  his  estate  and  slujrtl)-  after  incorporated  tlie 
place,  th(iii,i,fli  a  man  of  nioderafc  circumstances.  business  under  its  present  name,  tlie  Moses  P. 
His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Lois  Wilbur. 
Her  famih'  is  one  of  tlie  best  known  in  Massa- 
chusetts. Its  founder  came  from  Ivns^land  in 
the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  centurv,  amontj 
the  earliest  settlers  of  the  stale,  and  the  family 
has  been  conspicuous  in  its  history  e\er  since,  family  of  interestiu.y;  children.  Tlie  famih  nnw 
and  its  members  are  amoiii;   the  wealthiest  peo-      li\es  on  I'lymouth  a\-eiiue,  in  a  roomy  mansion, 


bihiison   Machinery   Company,   of   wliicli    busi- 
ness he  is  chief  owner  and  manager. 

He  was  married  in  1.S77,  to  Miss  Marv  Petti- 
,u;rew.  a  dau^hterof  one  of  St.  Louis' oldest  citi- 
zens.     This  uniiiii  has  been  blessed  with  a  larije 


pie  in  Roston. 

Mr.  jiihiisoii  was 
educated  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  and  be- 
came clerk  in  a  couii- 
tr\-  store  when  about 
fifteen  years  old.  .\t 
the  end  of  two  years 
he  was  offered  the 
manaoemeut  of  the 
business.  He  had, 
however,  cauj^Iit  the 
western  fe\er.  He 
declineil  the  offer, 
came  west,  reacliins^ 
,St.  Louis  in  I'"ebni- 
arv,  1 MT  L  lie  se- 
cured a  place  in  the 
wholesale  dr\'  ijoods 
house  ol  II.  .Simon 
(S:  (irei^ory,  on  .Main 
street,  as  stock  clerk. 
He  reinaiiied  in  this 
c  a  p  a  c  i  I  \        1  <>  n  ^ 

euou.y;h  tothoronjjlily  learn  thebusiness,  andthen 
started  out  to  sell  i^oods  as  a  traveling;  salesman. 
He  was  j^iven  a  territory  in  the  southwest  which 
lay  lartjely  off  the  railroad,  and  his  trips  wereyeii- 

erallv  much  bv  wajijon.      He  succeeded  in  buiUl-  T.wi.ou,    I).\Nii;i.  .S.  —  Tiiis   \ouii.i;   iuit   very 

ini;  up  a  laroe  and  profitable  trade  for  his  house  succe.ssful  attorney  is  a  St.  Louisau  in  every 
throu<^li  a  countrv  which  had  been  considered  sense  of  the  W(U<1.  Xot  only  was  he  born  in 
almost  be\oud  reach.  this  city,  but  his  father  was  twice  city  treasurer. 

He  remained  with  the  same  tirui  until  {•'^•'<1,  and  also  occupied  the  position  of  mayor  witli 
when,  after  a  successful  and  protitable  career  as  marked  ability.  In  the  days  when  the  river 
drv  j^oods  .salesman,  he  formed  a  i)artner-  trade  was  at  its  hei.ijht,  Mr.  Daniel  S.  Taylor, 
shii->    witii     William     ,S.     Robert,     in    tlie    ma-      .Sr. ,  was  a  prtuninent  sleamlKiat  man  with  inucii 


MO.S|-;S  l>.  JOHNSON 


which,  with  its  s])a- 
cious  y;rouiids  and 
ontbuildins^^s,  repre- 
sents in  part  the  sub- 
stantial success  of 
his  career. 

.Mr.  Johnson  is  a 
Republican,  and  al- 
ihouLjh  not  a  ])oliti- 
ciau,  is  always  read\- 
to  do  his  ])art  in  the 
])ertormance  of  jnib- 
licduties.  Heisjust 
past  fort\',  but  looks 
much  youii<;er;  of 
slight,  but  rather 
delicate  build,  his 
face  still  retainin_ij 
its  boyish  freshness. 
H  i  s  a  ])]iea  ranee 
hardly  indicates  the 
indomitable  will 
which  has  placed 
him  at  the  head  of  a 
hui^e  and  successful  business.  He  has  a  large 
circle  of  warm  friends,  whom  he  has  won  by  his 
fidelitv   and   affable  manner. 


550 


OLD  AND  NF.W  ST.   LOUIS. 


influence  anionj;;  the  river  fraternity.  Mrs. 
Ta\lor  was  formerly  Mi.ss  Hniily  Le  Hean,  a 
member  of  one  of  the  oldest  French  families  of 
St.  Louis. 

Mr.  Tavlor  was  horn  \\W\\  -■">,  l>^li■'^,  and  is 
hence  not  yet  t\venty-se\cn  years  of  age.  His 
parents  being  desirous  of  giving  him  a  first- 
class  education,  sent  him  to  the  Xotre  Dame 
University  at  South  Bend,  Indiana,  where  he 
took  a  scientific  course  and  graduated  in  J.S.S4. 
Continuing  his  education,  he  spent  several  years 
on  a  protracted  lour  throughout  the  Tnited 
States,  remaining  for  a  consideralile  pcrit)d  in 
California. 

In  I'SiH)  he  returned  to  St.  Louis  and  entered 
the  Law  School,  where  he  graduated  in  IMU. 
He  immediately  established  himself  in  general 
practice  and  has  now  a  large  clientage.  Al- 
though a  Democrat  by  conviction,  and  taking  a 
liveh-  interest  in  legislation,  Mr.  Taylor  is  not 
a  politician,  preferring  to  de\ote  his  entire  ener- 
gies to  his  profession,  and  belie\'ing  that  law 
and  politics  cannot  successfull\'  run  hand  in 
hand.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Xoonda\',  Mer- 
cantile, Universit\'  and  Jockey  clubs,  and  is  a 
verv  popular  man  in  commercial  and  legal 
circles. 

On  December  !•,  ISHl,  .Mr.  Ta\lor  married 
Miss  Kmma  Whitelaw,  daughter  of  Mr.  George 
T.  Whitelaw,  of  this  cit\-.  Mr.  and  .Mrs. 
Tavlor  have  one  child. 

Booth,  D.wth  ,S.,  was  l)orn  in  ICnterj^rise, 
McDonald  county,  Missouri,  on  Aj)ril  (i,  liSl!;!. 
His  father,  David  S.  Booth,  vSr.,  was  from  good 
old  Quaker  stock,  his  early  ancestors  having 
come  to  this  country  in  com]ianv  with  William 
Penn.  He  was  born  in  Philadelphia.  Pennsyl- 
vania, where  his  father  was  a  ]n'acticing  ph\si- 
cian  of  prominence,  l)Ut  in  his  early  years  he 
came  west  and  located  in  Southwest  Missouri. 

His  mother  was  ]\Iiss  Cynthia  Grounds,  whose 
parents  were  Pennsylvania  Dutch,  but  came 
west  and  settled  near  Fredericktown,  ^lissouri. 

Young  Booth  received  his  early  education  at 
the  High  School  at  Sparta,  Illinois,  whither 
his  father  moved  when  he  was  but  a  vear  old. 


Ha\ing  ])ursued  a  classical  course,  he  graduated 
with  high  honors  in  June,  1.S.S2.  He  pursued 
the  post-graduate  course,  preparatory  to  enter- 
ing the  .Southern  Illinois  Normal  ITuiversit)', 
where  he  completed   his  literarv  education. 

Dr.  Booth  earK-  manifested  a  desire  for  the 
studv  of  medicine,  and  in  lcS,s;5  he  attended 
lectures  at  the  St.  Louis  Medical  College,  where 
he  graduated  in  l-S-Sli,  the  latter  twel\e  months 
of  which  time  he  spent  in  the  office,  as  a  private 
])upil,  of  Dr.  H.  H.  Mudd.  He  innnediateh' 
went  to  Palestine,  Texas,  luuing  accepted  the 
]iosition  of  assistant  house  physician  and  ])har- 
macist  of  the  International  and  (ireat  Xorthcrn 
Railway  Hospital,  a  part  of  the  Missouri  Pacific 
Railwav  Hospital  system.  He  luld  this  ])osition 
until  the  latter  part  of  LSSi;,  when  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railway  Hospital  at 
vSt.  Louis,  Missouri.  In  IXST  he  was  appointed 
surgeon-in-charge  of  the  Palestine,  Te.vas,  Hos- 
])ital.  Karly  in  isss  the  International  & 
(ireat  Xorthern  Railway  went  into  the  hands  of 
receivers,  and  for  se\"eral  months  he  was  acting 
chief  surgeon  of  that  railway,  and  after  the 
nominal  appointment  of  a  chief  surgeon,  a  posi- 
tion to  which  he  was  ineligible  on  account  ol 
his  \outh,hewas  retained  as  surgeon-in-charge, 
with  a  salar\-  in  excess  of  any  other  ofliicer  in 
the  hospital  department,  resigning  .\pril  1, 
l.SSil. 

He  located  in  Webster  Groves,  Missouri,  but 
remained  onh'  three  months,  when  he  mo\e(l 
with  his  father  to  Belle\ille,  Illinois,  where. he 
practiced  for  more  than  a  year.  In  April,  1<H!I1, 
he  became  assistant  to  Dr.  Charles  H.  Hughes, 
with  whom  he  is  still  associated,  tliough  finding 
time  to  attend  to  a  growing  pri\'atc  practice.  He 
is  consulting  phvsiciau  to  the  Missouri  Pacific 
Railway  Hospital  department,  and  was  clin- 
ical instructor  of  neurology,  ps\-chiatry  and 
neuro-therapy  in  the  Marion-Sims  Medical  Col- 
lege until  1>^!':?,  when  he  resigned  to  become 
identified  witli  the  Barnes  Medical  College  in 
the  same  capacity.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Xa- 
tional  Association  of  Railway  Surgeons,  and  of 
the  Mississippi  \'alley  ^Medical  Association.  He 
is  associated   editoriallv  with  the  Alienist  and 


RIOGRAPHICAL  APPENDIX. 


551 


Nciiroloirist ^    of   wliicli  he   is   husiiicss  iiiaua<;fr. 
Dr.     Hontli     married,    June     i><),     1.S!I2,    .Miss 
Basmath  Ariadne,  dau.iiliter  of   Dr.  \\'asliin!:.;ton 
West,  of   Belleville,  Illinois. 

Matck,  lu'GKNK  F.,  is  a  iiati\e  of  St.  Louis, 
where  he  was  horn  on  October  \'l^  l.s.')(),  his 
parent.s  beintj  Cliarles  K.  and  Antonie  Hanck. 
Dr.  Hauck  received  his  education  in  his  native 
cit^•,  and  his  first  entr\-  into  business  was  in 
the  dru.i,'  line  in  l>i74.  Hesonn  \earncd  for  the 
wider  field  of  medi- 
cine, and  educated 
himself  for  liis  pro- 
fession, which  has 
received  his  undi- 
vided attention  ever 
since.  He  lias  been 
practicinji;  medicine 
.since  l«.S(i.  His 
father,  the  late  Dr. 
Charles  H.  Hauck, 
was  a  very  prominent 
ph\sician  who  came 
to  St.  Louis  in  1  s  |  7 
and   died  iu   1  s.Sl'. 

The  doctor  natu- 
rally took  his  father's 
place,  and  to-da\-  he 
has  a  ver\-  extensi\e 
famil\-  jiractice,  de- 
votinjj;  considerable 
attention  to  obstet- 
rics, gyniccoloo;\-and 
diseases  of  children. 

Dr.  Hauck  is  a  member  of  the  St.  Louis  .Med- 
ical Society,  the  .Medico-Chirnrgical  Society. 
.\uurican  Medical  Society,  and  .Mi.ssissippi  \'al- 
ley  Medical  As.sociatinn.  He  was  at  one  time 
chief  jihysician  for  the  treatment  of  diseases  of 
children  at  the  South  .Side  Disiiensary.  When 
first  starling  out  in  practice  he  was  for  alonjj  tinu' 
first  assistant  physician  and  snr<;eon  at  the  Cil\ 
Hospital,  and  later  held  the  same  ]iosition  at  the 
P^eniale  Hospital. 

The  Doctor  was  foinierly  a  director  of  the 
(ierniania  Club,  and  one  of  its  leadinir  members 


niTiENK  F.  HAICK 


tor  fitteen  years.  He  is  now  a  member  of  the 
Liederkranz,  the  Union  Club,  a  director  and 
e.\amining  ])hysician  of  the  (icrman  Mutual 
Life  Insurance  Company. 

Dr.  Hauck  was  married  to  Miss  Tonj-  Metz, 
of  Omaha,  Nebraska,  on  .May  L',  1888.  His 
wife  is  the  dan<^hter  of  Hon.  I*'red.  Metz,  the 
well-known  brewer  and  president  of  the  Germ.-in 
National  Bank  of  that  city.  The  Doctor  has 
his  office  in  his  residence  at  the  .sontlieast  cor- 
ner of  Jefferson   a\-enne  and  Whittemore  place. 

Tai'.s.sk;,  (iKORCK 
W. — .\mon_i!;  the  tal- 
ented members  of 
the  local  l)ar,  Mr. 
(ieorge  W.  Tanssio; 
^V  occupies     a     ])romi- 

nent  position.  He 
has  been  practicing 
as  an  attorney  for 
about  twenty-two 
years,  and  during 
that  time  he  has 
made  for  himself  a 
large  circle  of  friends 
as  well  as  built  up  a 
lucrative  and  exten- 
sive practice.  Nat- 
nralK-  adapted  for 
the  legal  ]irofession, 
he  has  taken  a  per- 
sonal delight  in  the 
study  of  law  and  is 
thoroughly  posted 
on  all  points  and  in 
all  state  and  federal  legislation.  Mr.  Taussig 
was  born  in  this  city  on  Independence  Day, 
IS.M.  His  father  was  Mr.  Charles  T.  Taussig, 
a  native  of  .Austria,  who  was  engaged  for 
some  years  in  this  city  as  a  merchant.  His 
mother  was,  jirior  to  her  marriage.  Miss  Annie 
.\beles. 

Having  decided  to  adopt  the  legal  profession 
he  immediateh-  entered  the  Law  School.  He 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1872,  and  practiced 
alone  for  several  years.  During  the  present 
vear  he  lias  associated  himself  with   Mr.  S.  C. 


552 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


(1  Mr.  \..  \\.  Iliiiliiii,  (.'Stahlisliiui;' tlie      i.-nterc-(l  into  partiK-rshi])  with  Mr.  jciscpli  Hack- 


liras^av 

firm  of  Tan.ssii^,  Hras^aw  iS:  Hinton. 

On  December  1."),  issfi,  Mr.  Taii.s.siu;  marrietl 
Miss  Anna  Wright,  uf  Cincinnati,  and  he  now 
resides  with  liis  laniil\-  at  Kirkwixxl. 


Sl'.vr.MK  iKSi',  Ili'l.NKV  J.,  soniif  .\(lani  II. 
Anna  Maria   ( 'Piemeycr  )  Spaunhorst,  was 


and 
>urn 


niann  and  Henry  Pctrin.^;-,  under  tlie  firm  name  of 
S])aunhorst  &.  Company,  carrying  on  a  whole- 
sale grocery  business  for  twenty-five  years.  Sub- 
sequent! \-  the  lirni  was  clianged  to  Spannhorst 
&  Hackmann,  and  continued  until  I'STT,  when 
the  firm  quit  and  wound  up  its  business,  Mr. 
vSjiaunhorst    turning     his    attention    to    general 


Januar\-  1",   \'^-^.  in  I'.clm  township,  near  ( )sna-      office,  notary  and  jjrobate  business, 
bruck.  Kingdom  of  Hanover,  now  Prussia.      His  Mr.    Spannhorst  was  elected  a  director  of  the 

parents  came  to  .\merica  when  he  wasseven  years      I.,ife  As.sociation  of  America  in    isds^and  con- 
tinned  in  that   t)ffice 


(lid,  first  locating 
in  Louisville,  Ky., 
thence  coming  to  St. 
Louis  in  February, 
1  s;'i 7. Thev  remained 
in  this  city  for  six 
vears,  during  which 
H  e  n  r  >•  attended 
school  at  the  old  Ca- 
thedral and  such 
parochial  schools  as 
then  existed.  He  re- 
mained at  school  un- 
til he  was  ten  years 
of  age.  His  parents 
then  m  o  \'  e  d  to 
Franklin  connt\-, 
Missouri,  where  they 
located  on  a  farm, 
and  subsequently 
moved  to  Washing- 
ton, ^lissouri.  His 
father  died  there  in 
1870,  aged  seveiit)- 


HENRY  J.  >PAL!NHORST. 


until  Its  winding  u]). 
Ill  lN7.'i  Ik-  biTanie 
president  of  the  Cen- 
tral Savings  Hank; 
and  he  was  one  of 
the  organizers  of  the 
I'"rankliii  b'ire  and 
Marine  Insurance  in 
IS.").'),  of  which  he  is 
still  vice-president; 
also  of  the  bVanklin 
Savings  Institution. 
In  l'S7;>,  at  a  con- 
vention held  in  De- 
troit, Michigan,  he 
was  elected  ])resi- 
(lent  of  the  Cierman 
R  1 1  111  a  11  C  a  t  li  o !  i  e 
Central  Societ\-  of 
the  United  States,  a 
position  he  held  for 
eighteen  consecutive 
years,  and    when  in 


two.   Hismotherdied  in  iSilO,  aged  ninety  years.  IS'.'l  he  retired,  he  was  elected  honorary  presi- 

Young  Spannhorst  served  his  term  at  Plant's  dent  of  that  organization  forlife.     He  was  also 

Mill  to  learn  the  trade  of  miller,  and  during  the  a  member  of  the  great  Catholic  Congress  at  Balti- 

Mexican  war  took   a  position  as  clerk  in  a  gro-  more,  and   subsequently  on  the  executive  com- 

cerv  store.      He  afterwards  returned  to   his  par-  mittee  for  the  Columbian  Congress.  In  connection 

ents'  home  in  Franklin  connt\-,  Missouri,  wdiere  with  his  labors  on  behalf  of  the  German  Catho- 

he   remained  until    184.S,    when  he   returned  to  lies    in   America,  he    organized    the    Aiurrika., 

St.  Louis,  where  he  has  since  resided.  and  was  president  of  the  corporation  until    in 

In  I'S-ift  he  secured  a  positfon  as  porter,  after-  l.S7(i,   when  he  resigned.      He  was  one  of  the 

wards  as  clerk,  in  the  wdiolesale  grocery  house  founders   of  the    German    St.    \'incent  Orphan 

of  iNICiMechan  (S:  Ballentine,   with   wdroni   he  re-  Association,   of    wdiich    he    has  been  an  officer 

mained  until  1S.")2.      In  the  fall  of  that  year  he  from  1852.      In  I8()ti  he  organized  the  St.  Joseph 


IU( it,R.  i/'//fc.  //.  .iPP/:xn/.\. 


553 


Keiie\i)lenl  Socit-tN',  and  lias  lieen  its  presi- 
dent ever  since;  he  was  for  many  years  president 
of  tlie  np])er  eonncil  of  the  Society  of  St.  \'in- 
cent  de  Paul.  In  IsilT  he  was  elected  to  the 
state  senate  from  the  thirty-third  district,  beiny 
re-elected  in  ISi;;),  and  niakinij-  a  splendid  record 
diirinif  his  two  terms.  The  insurance  laws  of 
our  state  are  his  work.  He  was  a  inein])er  of 
the  Constitutional  Con\'ention  of  1><7."),  and  in 
k'^'^l  was  appointed  1)\-  ( io\ernor  Crittenden 
labor  commissioner,  a  jiosition  he  held  until 
].SS;-5,  when  he  resitjned.     ► 

In  IMII  Mr.  Spaunhorsl  niai  icd  .MissCather- 
iue  Kichter,  of  .St.  Louis, who  died  two  years  later. 
Mr.  S]iaunhorst  afterwards  married  .Miss  .\nna 
l!runsuuinn,of  Si.  Louis.  Thev  ha\e  fourchildrcn 
Jiviu'j-,  namel\':  Rosa,  .Aoatha,  .\nna  and  Ilenrv. 

.Mr.  Spaunhorst  at  this  time  holds  several  re- 
sponsible i)ositions;  in  IS.si  he  was  elected  secre- 
tary of  the  "Widow  and  (  )r])han  ImukI  of  the 
(ieniian  Roman  Catholic  Central  Society"  of 
the  United  States,  which  ])osition  he  still  holds; 
the  latter  or<i;anizati(in  nund)erin|^'  -liKi  societies 
with  .'»7, .'><•<>  members  thion^hout  the  I'niled 
States.  Mr.  .Spaunhorst  is  director  and  vice- 
jM'csidenl  of  the  Catholic  Publishinq;  ,Societ\', 
and  now  past  sixty -six.  It  is  more  than  fift\- 
.sex'en  years  since  he  came  to  St.  Louis,  then  a 
comiiarati\-cl\-   small  ]ilace. 

liKowxiU.i.,  Hhnjamin  !I..  son  of  Charles  and 
TvUcy  (  .\dams  )  lirownell,  was  born  .March  1(1, 
i>>li',  at  Trox',  Xew  York,  in  which  cit\'  his 
lather  was  in  business  as  a  builder.  He  was  a 
bri<;lu,  iulillii^eut  bo\  ,  and  made  i^ood  ])roirress 
in  the  Troy  public  schools,  where  he  remained 
until  sixteen  \ears  of  a,tje.  ( )n  lea\inij  school 
he  set  to  work  at  once  to  learn  the  tailoring 
business,  commencing  in  a  Tro\-  house.  In 
l'S<>4,  altliough  still  a  resident  of  Troy,  by 
special  order  of  .Xdjutant-deneral  Townseiul,  he 
enlisted  in  the  .Second  Illinois  Li,L;ht  -\rtiilery 
and  ser\ed  for  nine  months,  when,  acti\e  warfare 
being  o\er,  he  was  mustered  out. 

.Mr.  lirownell  came  at  once  to  .St.  Louis,  where 
his  brother,  Captain  Frank  Hrowneil,  theavenger 
of  Colonel    I'^llsworth,  was  then  stationed.      He 


paid  a  short  \isit  to  his  brother  and  then  ac- 
cepted a  position  as  cutter  in  the  tailoring 
establishment  of  Tichnor  6c  Company.  In  USIk; 
he  went  into  the  tailors'  trimming  business,  but 
in  the  following  year  returned  to  his  own  trade 
and  worked  for  I).  ,S.  Thoui])son  till  the  \'ear 
If^i)!'.  He  then  went  into  the  employ  of  I).  R. 
Sunickner,  with  whom  he  remained  for  three 
years,  and  in  1  ^72,  ha\ing  saved  considerable 
money  from  his  earnings,  he  opened  a  merchant 
tailoring  establisliment  at  7 IX  Olive  street.  He 
was  even  tiien,  twenty  years  ago,  an  expert  in 
the  trade,  and  it  was  not  long  before  he  had 
built  u))  a  \aluable  business.  In  the  year  1^77 
he  secured  a  lease  on  the  ([uarters  he  now  occu- 
pies, 71 1)  ()li\e  street,  for  a  period  of  ten  vears, 
and  in  IS.ss  h-  secured  a  further  lease,  remodel- 
ing the  premises  according  to  his  own  ideas. 
The  result  is  that  his  show-rooms  are  the  finest 
and  most  modern   of  an\-  in   the  United   States. 

Mr.  Hrowneil  carries  only  the  finest  lines  of 
imported  and  domestic  cloths  and  suitings,  and 
his  stales  are  always  the  latest.  He  has  made 
himself  what  he  is  to-day,  the  leading  tailor  of 
.St.  Louis.  He  worked  at  his  trade  for  a  liveli- 
hood, but  had  a  keen  liking  for  it,  and  never 
tired  studying  out  new  ideas  and  watching 
fashion  developments.  As  a  cutter  he  had  the 
reputation  in  his  journeymen  days  of  lieing  with- 
out a  superior,  and  he  insists  on  all  work  in  his 
establishment  being  dcme  in  the  same  conscien- 
tious method  he  adopted  while  at  work  himstli'. 
He  makes  a  high  grade  of  clothes  and  is  patron- 
ized generalh'  l)y  the  local  "  Four  Hundred." 
On  the  eve  of  .society  balls  and  special  events 
his  establishment  has  to  run  overtime  to  keep 
pace  with  the  orders,  and  Hrowneil  clothes  have 
so  good  a  name  that  mail  orders  are  constantK- 
received  from  those  who  have  been  measured  at 
the  house  hut  are  now  awa>'  from  St.  Louis. 

.\s  a  business  man  .Mr.  Hrowneil  is  verv  pop- 
ular in  .St.  Louis,  and  in  society  circles  he  is 
looked  u])ou  as  a  distinct  actpiisition.  He  is  an 
active  member  of  the  Mercantile,  St.  Louis  and 
h'air  Crrounds  Jockex  clubs,  and  is  an  honored 
utember  of  the  Ransom  Host,  O.  .\.  R. 

In    \^><\    he    married    Mrs.  Marie    h'asbender. 


554 


Ol  n  AND  XF.W  ST.    f.Of'fS. 


Porter,    ^VII.I.lA^r.    son    of    tlio     Reverend  elected  secretai\-  of  tlit-  vSi.  I.ouis  Medical   vSoci- 

Bvron   and  Agnes   Rankin   Porter,  was  horn    in  et\',  and    then   of    llie    .Missouri    State    Medical 

Bea\'er,  Pennsylvania,    in   the   year   1S.")0.       IK-  Society.      He  speedily  built  n])  a  lucrative  ])rac- 

went    through    an    academical     courst-     at     the  tice  as  a  specialist,  and   ]>artic\darly  as  a  con- 

Elderton   .\cadeniy,    Pennsylvania,   and    gradu-  suiting  physician   in   this  city,  and   in    l-STll  he 

ated  from  Westminster  College,  at  the    age  of  was  offered  an  ai)poiutnient  on  the  medical  staff 

twenty,  with  first  honors.     He  studied  for  the  of  the  London   Throat  and  Chest  Hosjiital  by 

ne.xt  two  vears  at  the  Jefferson  .Medical  College,  Dr.  Mackenzie,    who   \isited    Dr.    Porter  a   few 

of  Philadeljihia,    whence    he  graduated   in    the  vears  later,  and  continued   his  friend  during  his 

vear  l-HT^i.      In  order  to  complete  his  education  life-time.      Dr.  Porter  has  continued  to  increase 

as    a    ])h\'siciau    he    crossed    the    .Atlantic    and  his  .St.  Louis  practice  and  to  build  u])  his  repu- 


walked  the  London 
h  OS])  i  t  al  s  for  two 
vears.  During  that 
period  he  occupied 
various  resident  staff 
positions  at  the  great 
"London  Hospi- 
tal," and  had  the 
benefit  of  studying 
directh'  under  such 
eminent  jdiysicians 
as  Sir  Andrew  Clark, 
Dr.  Sutton  and  Mr. 
Jonathan  Hutchi- 
son. He  also  acted 
as  assistant  at  the 
London  Throat  and 
Chest  Hospital  to 
Sir  Mo  re  II  Mac- 
kenzie, for  whom  he 
recorded  o\er  five 
hundred  cases  of 
laryngeal  phthisis, 
which  are  tabulated 
and  acknowledged  as  Dr.  Porter's  work  in  Dr. 
Mackenzie's  classical  treatise  on  diseases  of  the 
throat.  The  doctor  was  so  pleased  with  his 
assistant's  work  that  he  stronglv  urged  him  to 
make  a  specialty  of  throat  and  chest  diseases, 
the  result  being  that  Dr.  Porter  spent  several 
months  among  the  throat  and  chest  clinics  of 
Berlin,  \'ienna  and  Paris,  and  afterward  return- 
ing to  London  was  given  entire   charge  of   Dr. 


W  II.I.IAM   PORTKR. 


tation  as  one  of  the 
first  s])ecialists  in 
throat  and  chest  dis- 
eases in  the  United 
.States.  He  is  a 
mendjer  of  all  the 
leading  medical  so- 
cieties and  a  fellow 
of  the  Laryugologic- 
al  -Association.  He 
h  as  a  1 s  o  bee  u 
h  o  u  o  r  e  d  b\'  his 
brother  jjhysicians 
b\-  the  ])residency  of 
the  .Vnierican  Med- 
ical Ktlitors'  Associ- 
ation and  of  the  .Mis- 
sissippi Valle\-  Med- 
ical .Association.  He 
is  enthusiastic  in  his 
advocacy  of  higher 
medical  education 
and  teaching,  and  is 
professor  of  diseases 
of  the  throat  and  chest  in  the  College  of  Plusi- 
cians  and    Surgeons. 

Dr.  Porter  is  consulting  physician  to  four 
of  our  largest  hospitals,  and  has  been  edito- 
riallv  connected  willi  se\-eral  influential  med- 
ical journals. 

In  1S-S4  Dr.  Porter  married  Miss  Pearl  PC. 
Dickinson,  of  .Schenectady,  New  York.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Porter  are  an  nnusualK'  happy  couple. 


Mackenzie's  lai'ge  clinic  at  "  London  Hospital."      and    to    the    devotion    and    assistance    of    Mrs. 
Returning  to  America   Dr.  Porter  located  in      I-'orter    her    husband    unhesitatingly   says    that 
St.   Louis    in    1875,   and    two    years    later    was      much  of  his  success  is  due. 


nn  n;RA  nine  a  /.  .  \ppendix. 


555 


Hii.i.,  Hakkv  M. — Oncof  llieiiKinlHTs  nf  that  lu.i.is,  Hhnkv  G.,  son    of  X.  {',.  and   Zilpha 

virile    soutliern    family,    of    which    Jcnmu-   and  1!.  (Case)  Kllis,  was  born    in    I'.lenheini,  Brock 

Napoleon  Hill  are   well-known   representatives,  District,  Canada  West  (  now  Ontario),  Febrnarv 

is   Harry   Vl.  Hill,   a  brother  of  the   gentlemen  I'li.  LSI.').      His  parents  were  of  American  birth 

above   named.     The   former   was   born    in   Mar-  an<l  connections,  and   when  lie  was  a  mere  bov 

shall    connt\  ,  Mississi])])i,  .\o\-ember   iM ,   l.Sf.'i,  iIrn-  a-tnrned  to  Jefferson  conntv,  vState  of  New 

was  edncated  in  the  pnblic  schools  and  at  b'rank-  York,  and  in  the  spring;;  of  l.s.')7  nio\-ed  with  liis 

lin  county,  Xash\-ille,   Tennessee.      When   six-  parents  to  Southern  Michi.yjan.     His  earh-  \ears 

teen  lie  enlisted  in  the  Tliirty-ci<;luli  Tennessee  were  s])enl  on  a  farm.      He  was  edncated  in  the 

Infantry,  C.  .S.  .\.,  and    his    war  career,  to   say  public  schools  and  in  the  academy.      .After  leav- 

the  least,  was  both  active  and  stirrin.yf.      He  soon  in,<j  school   he  tau.y;ht  in  various  parts  of  Mich- 


won  the  commission 
of  orderly  sercjeant, 
but  at  vShiloh  was 
taken  prisoner  and 
sent  to  .\lton.  While 
on  his  wa\from  there 
to  Camp  Douojas 
with  .')()li  others,  he 
esca])ed,  walked  to 
Clinton,  Illinois, 
where  he  w  o  r  k  e  d 
some  time  as  hod- 
carrier,  a  n  (1  w  a  s 
thus  enabled  to  t^et 
to  Chicai^o,  where, 
under  a  disguise,  he 
worked  in  a  hotel, 
until  he  could  tjct  to 
Canada  and  to  Kali- 
fax,  Xova  Scotia, 
where  he  took  a 
southern  bound  \-es- 
.sel,  .successfully  ran 
the  blockade  at  Wil- 


1 

I 

I 

i^,, 

i 

i                            5a- 

1 

1 

HHNRV  «.  EI.I.IS. 


ijjan  and  Northern 
Indiana  se\en  terms. 
In  the  sprino;  of 
lf<t>;i  he  sold  his  first 
reaper  and  mower. 
Enj^ajjino;  in  the  ma- 
chiucbusiucss,  he  fol- 
lowed this  for  a  few 
seasons,  and  demon- 
strated his  capabili- 
ties as  a  salesman  in 
alocalwa\'.  Recog- 
nizinj^  a  larger  field 
o]ien  for  operation  in 
this  line  in  the  then 
western  co  u  n  try, 
and  a  broader  scope 
for  his  ambition  and 
energy,  he  soon  be- 
came restless  for  a 
more  extended  field 
of  operation,  a  n  d 
identified  h  i  m  se  1  f 
with    an     extensive 


mington.  North  Carolina,  and  served  to  the  end  reaper  and   mower  factory,  in  the  capacit\-  of  a 

of  the  struggle,      .\flcr  the  surrender,  he  went  traveling  salesman,  being  advanced  to  the  ])o- 

to  Meni])his,   read    law     in    the   office    of  Judge  silion  of  manager  of  the  southern  branch  house 

.Arch.  Wright,  and    was  admitted  to  ])raclice  in  of    this    factory,   which    positit)n   he   held   until 

l'H()7.  is.s;!.      Later    he    resigned    this    position,  and 

He  at  once    won   reputation  and   ])o]iularit\ ,  assi)ciated  himself  with   Kingman  &  Compan\', 

and  in    Lsss  represented  a    Memphis  district  at  Peoria,    Illinois,  becoming    a  stockholder,  and 

the  coiuention  which  nominated  Cleveland.    In  immediately   remo\-ed   to  St.  Louis  as   manager 

ISSil  he  came  to   .St.   Louis  and    formed    a    pari-  ol  the  St.  Louis  lu>use,  which  was  then  oi^ened. 

ncrshi])   with  Judge   Thos.    I!.  Ilar\e\,  and   to-  I  Ic  still  holds  this  position. 

day  the  firm  of  Harvey  &  Hill,  in  legal  ability,  He  was  married  .\pril  ".'M,  l.stis,  to  Miss  Clara 

is  rated  among  the  best.  \'.,  daughter  of   M.  C.  Waite,  of  Wisconsin. 


oflfi 


oj. n  AND  N/-:  ]v  ST.  i.oi  vs. 


Prosskk,  TiKiMAS  Jkkkkrson,  was  iKirn  in 
Pittsburo;',  Keljruary  11,  1S.')1.  He  jiasscd  iiis 
cliildliood  and  earl\  muuIi  in  llie  Smoky  Citv. 
He  ran  away  from  lionu-  wIrii  thirteen  years  i)f 
age,  and  joined  tlic  I'niini  Arnu  at  Alexandria, 
\'ir<jinia.  He  enlisted  with  the  Sixty-second 
l'cnns\lvania  X'olnnteer  Infantry,  and  served 
until  jnl\-,  \^>U.  (  )n  his  return  home  from  the 
army  he  was  not  \ct  beyond  the  school-aoe,  and 


work,  Mr.  I'rosser  says,  will  ne\er  ha\x-  success. 
In  l^i'ST  he  had  over  two  hundred  car])enters 
steadily  employed,  scattered  all  over  Arkansas, 
Misst]uri,  Nebraska,  Kansas  and  Colorado,  and 
(hiring;  the  same  \ear  o\er  SL',niiii,iilin  passed 
throni^h  the  .St.  Louis  banks  to  his  credit.  His 
business  had  increased  to  such  ]iro])ortions  that 
he  bejuan  to  seek  a  new  outlet  for  his  ca])ital 
and   energy.      He   [)rojecled  and    organized  the 


lie  at  once  resumed  his  attendance  at  the  ])ublic      I'acilic   Rail\\a\-   in    Nebraska,  secured  right-of- 

school,  conn)leting  the  course   in    IStit;.      'I'lien      wav   and    franchise,    negotiated   the  sale  of   the 

he     went     to     work 

under  his    father  to 

learn  the  carpenter's 

trade. 

In  the  year  IST.S, 
while  the  oil  fields 
of  Pen  n  s\- 1  \-  a  n  i  a 
were  still  giving  a 
good  output,  Mr. 
Prosser  engaged  in 
the  business  of  • 
building  oil  tanks 
til  roughont  that 
district.  He  did 
a  1  a  r  g  e  contract- 
ing business  in  this 
line  for  about  eight- 
een months,  and  thus 
laid  the  foundation 
of  his  i)resent  pros- 
perity. The  price 
of  oil  dropped  so  low 
that  the  business  of 
building  tanks    was 

affected.  Because  of  this  Mr.  Prosser  returned 
to  his  native  city,  and,  no  other  opening  pre- 
senting itself  just  then,  he  went  to  work  at  the 
bench  as  a  jonrne}-man  carpenter. 

In  l'~^>;l  he  came  west  and  secured   a  contract 


THOMAS  J.   PR03SER 


bonds,  took  the  con- 
tract and  built  the 
road.  h'or  the  first 
year  he  had  entire 
c  ):itrol  of  tl:  .■  road 
and  was  its  presi- 
dent. .\n  ini])ortant 
business  \'entnre  in 
\\liich  he  is  inter- 
ested at  this  time  is 
the  Southwestern 
Street  Post  Com- 
])any,  of  which  he  is 
])resident. 

Mr.  Prosser  was 
married  in  .Septem- 
ber, lSiii>,  to  Miss 
\"irgiiiia  .Sutton  at 
Pittsliurg,  Penusyl- 
\auia,  and  to  the  wife 
who  then  plighted 
her  troth  to  him  he 
credits  much  of  his 
success  in  life.    The)- 

have   four  children — Rea\-   Cooper,  .Alice  Pearl, 

Perc\-  .Smith  and  Thomas  Ja\-. 

In  commercial  circles  no  man  in    St.    Louis 

enjoys  to  a  higher  degree  the    confidence   and 

esteem  of  his  fellow-citizens:  and  in  private  life 


to  l)uild  water-tanks  in  the  swamps  of  .-Vrkansas.  he  is  one  of  the  most  genial  and  coni])anionable 

He  went  into  the  enterprise  with  an  undaunted  of  men. 

purpose  to  succeed,  and  to  that  end  took  tip  the  .Mr.  Prosser  is  a   Republican   in   politics,  but 

tools  and  wtirked  e\-er\-  day  beside  his  men,  and  has    ne\-er    sought    office    of    an\-     kind.       In 

did  harder  work  than  any  of  them,  too.      In  his  the   year    L'^iH)   he   was   persuaded,   against    his 

ability  and  readiness  for  hard  work  is  found  the  will,  to  run   for  Congress,  and  made  an  excel- 

reasoii   of    his    success.       The    man    who    fears  lent  race. 


niOC.R.  l/'/f/C.U.  .  //'/^AAV'/A'. 


.%7 


IJRunn',  Ja.mks  II.,  is  oik-  oi  tlie  citizens  of 
lliis  metropolis  who  has  secuitil  success  l)y  earii- 
inj>;  it.  Kroiii  \vorkiii<j  In-  the  (hiy  at  liis  trade 
to  beiiio;  one  of  the  leading;  contractors  of  vSt. 
Louis  are  conditions  \videl\'  sejiarated,  hut  lie 
has  hridoed  the  distance  from  one  to  the  other 
h\  industry,  jjatieuce  and  careful  and  honest 
business  methods,  and  is  certainly  entitled  to 
his  present  prosperity.  James  H.,  the  son  of 
Jackson  and  Xane\-  Jane  (  Kile\  )  Briijht,  is  a 
native  of  Keutuck\-,  and  was  lioni  in  (iallatin 
count)',  that  state, 
August  ;>,  \XA\. 

He  came  to  Mis- 
souri with  his  par- 
ents when  a  child 
of  six  \-ears,  and  was 
enabled  to  attend 
school  until  about 
ele\-en  years  of  age. 
Later  his  ji  a  rents 
moved  to  St.  Louis, 
and  here  he  was  a])- 
preuticed  to  a  l)rick- 
laver  to  k-aru  tlie 
trade.  When  he  had 
reached  the  age  of 
eighteen,  his  term  of 
ser\-ice  had  been 
completed,  and  that 
lu-  had  learned  his 
trade  well  is  shown 
b\-  the  fact  that  he 
was  able  to  secure  a 
])osilion  as  a  fore- 
man almost  immediateK  .  When  hewast\vent\' 
\-earsold  lie  formed  a  parlnei>liip  with  his  brother, 
and  under  the  firm  name  o|  l'.riL;lU  ]'.idlher> 
went  into  the  brick  contracting  business.  This 
lirm  was  prosperous  and  continued  in  business 
fill  lwent\-  ^■cars,  or  until  the  death  of  John  (i. 
Ibight  in  1-SSl.  Jauit-s  H.  continncd  the  bnsi- 
ni-ss  after  his  brother's  death,  making  brick 
contracting  his  sjjecialtN  up  ti^>  al)t)Ut  five  years 
ago,  when  the  scojie  of  the  business  was  en- 
larged to  include  general  contracting,  in  which 
line   he    has  since   coulinued.      .\s  showint;   ihe 


.1  \Ml.s  ]1     IlKHiMl 


high  place  he  occu])ies  in  his  ta-ld,  the  new 
Public  Library,  the  Roe  Building,  the  Xew  W'a- 
ter  Tower,  tlie  Third  National  Bank,  the  Cripples 
Warehouse,  and  the  Culver  Building,  are  named 
as  structures  on  which  he  did  the  contracting. 
.Mr.  P)right  has  been  twice  married,  his  fir.st 
wife  being  Miss  Laura  Ahtyhew,  to  whom  he 
was  wedded  in  1X72,  and  who  died  in  1X7;>. 
In  bs7ii  he  was  married  to  Miss  Fann\-  I). 
Dukes.  Three  children  are  members  of  their 
familx — WuK  K.,  l'*ann\-  ^hly  and  Ida  L. 

Bkli.,  J.v.mk.s  \V., 
was  born   in  Wheel- 
~"  ing.  West   Virginia, 

Augnst    Hi,    1X21). 
He  was  educated  in 
the    prixate   schools 
I  of     his    nati\-e    city 

until  alx)nt  twelve 
xears  of  age,  when 
he  went  to  work 
opening  crates  of 
crockery  at  a  sala- 
rv  of  two  dollars  a 
week.  He  display- 
ed ability  to  do  bet- 
ter work  than  this, 
and  was  accordingK- 
a  p  p  r  e  n  t  i  c  e  d  a  s 
a  cabinet  maker. 
When  eighteen  years 
of  age  he  decided  to 
!  locate  in    the  West, 

and    not    being   par- 
ticularly   well     sup- 
plied with  funds,  worked  his  wa>' as  a  cabin-boy. 
Me  secured  empk)\  nient  as  shijiping  clerk  for 
Mr.  ('riles  F.  h'illey,  with  whom  he  remained  for 
twent\-seven  \-ears. 

In  I'SS;!  lie  was  appt)inted  secretary  of  the 
Continental  Cattle  Company.  In  iJ^i'O  he  organ- 
ized the  St.  Louis  Safe  Deposit  and  Savings 
Bank,  of  which  he  was  elected  president. 

Mr.  Bell  is  a  popular  citizen,  an  able  financier, 
and  liberal  in  conmiercial  circles.  He  married 
Miss  Jane  Major,  of  Bradford,  Kngland,  and  has 
had  six  children. 


5.tS 


OLD  AXn  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


D.WIS,  AijuCKT  C  sou  of  Oet)riJcJ.  aiul  I'",. 
Cornelia  (Siiiitli  )  Davis,  the  latter  a  (lau,s4:litcr  of 
Judge  Albert  vSiiiith,  of  Milwaukee,  was  born  in 
Genessee,  New  York,  Jnl\  l'<i,  is.')(i.  He  received 
a  little  preliminary  education  near  his  home, 
and  before  he  was  nine  \ears  old  his  parents 
moved  to  St.  I^ouis,  arrivinjj  here  on  New  Year's 
da\',  k^i).'),  when  the  ri\-er  was  frozen  o\-er,  and 
tlK\  crossed  it  on  the  ice. 

.Mr.  A.  C.  Da\-is  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  here  and  at  Washington  University, 
where  he  graduated 
in  187X,  being  at 
once  admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  practiced 
law  with  hisbrother, 
Mr.  H.R.  Davis,  the 
firm  name  being 
A.C.  lS:H.  H.  Davis. 
The  firm  continued 
under  this  name  for 
a  while,  when  they 
fi  ual  1\-  associated 
themselves  with  Mr. 
(ieorgeCj.  Da\is,  the 
firm  being  then  Da- 
\-is&:  Davis,  and  con- 
sisting of  father  and 
two  sons,  a  family 
of  lawvers,  all  equal- 
h-  bright  and  com- 
petent. The  firm 
was  d  i  s  s  o  1  \-  e  d  in 
I'SSS,  since  which 
time  Mr.  A.  C.  Da- 
vis has  been  practicing  alone.  He  has  a  \ery 
large  and  lucrati\-e  practice,  and  his  face  is  a 
well-known  one  on  the  St.  Louis  streets  and  in 
the  St.  Louis  courts.  In  February,  ISSO,  Mr. 
Davis  married  Miss  May  G.  Cooper,  of  this  cit^■. 
He  has  one  boy,  J.  Cooper. 

Morris,  Thomas,  son  of  Michael  and  Ho- 
nora  (Eagan)  Morris,  was  born  in  Tipperary, 
Ireland,  January  23,  1842.  His  parents  came  to 
America  in  the  year  1849,  arriving  in  St.  Louis 
on  April  22d  of  that  year.     Young  ^lorris  at- 


ALBERT  C.  DAVIS. 


tended  the  iMiblic  schools  and  then  entered  the 
St.  Louis  I'nix'ersity.  After  completing  his 
course  he  studied  law  under  Mr.  ;\Iacke\'  and 
Mr.  Charles  Coulon,  the  latter  a  ])artner  of 
Judge  John  S.  Phelps.  He  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  in  l.sys  and  entered  the  office  of  Frnin  iS: 
Compau\-,  ha\ing  charge  of  all  their  business 
for  a  period  of  three  years. 

In  b'^'^l  he  associated  himself  with  Mr.  Frank 
I).  Turner,  the  firm  name  being  Turner  &  Mor- 
ris.    In    18S4  Mr.  Turner  went  to  Chicago  and 

Mr.  ■Morris  entered 
into  partnership 
with  Mr.  James 
Rowe,  the  ]iartner- 
ship  firm  of  Rowe  & 
Morris  continuing 
until  .Vpril,  l.s'.M, 
wlien  Mr.  Murriswas 
elected  judge. 

Mr.  Morris  mar- 
ried Miss  Johanna 
Cantwell,  of  Tliur- 
lus,  Ti]iperary,  the 
lady  being  a  first 
cousin  of  James 
Cant  well,  of  the  well- 
known  Star  and  Char- 
ter Hotel  at  Dublin. 
He  has  had  tweh'e 
children,  of  whom 
six  are  now  living. 
Judge  r^.Iorris  is  a 
\ery  practical  com- 
mon-sense law\er. 
He  insists  on  dealiut;  with  cases  on  their  merits, 
without  allowing  legal  quibbles  to  interfere 
with  the  administration  of  justice.  He  is  a 
stern  believer  in  personal  Hbertv,  and  refuses  to 
allow  any  infringement  upon  it  in  the  name  of 
law  and  order,  and  although  very  stern  and 
severe  in  bad  cases,  he  is  apt  to  be  lenient  when 
he  belie\-es  a  little  merc\-  will  be  apjireciated 
and  will  liaxe  a  reformatory  effect. 

Junge  Morris  wdll  complete  his  term  on  the 
bench  ne.xt  spring,  and  will  then  actively  re- 
sume the  practice  of  law. 


n  I  or,  R.  I  PI  lie.  \  r.  Aprr.xnix. 


5o9 


Srn-X".iu,HAi.TKR,  JosivPii,  was  l)orn  in  ( )heni- 
(loif  a  Nekar  in  \\"nrtt.'nil)c-it^-,  (iennaiu-,  .\ii- 
ijusl  t>,  IX.'i-J,  tlie  second  son  of  Josepli  and 
Jolianna  .Spiegelhalter,//r<^'Zipfelili.  He  received 
a  liberal  education  in  the  schools  of  his  birth- 
place, and  in  IS,')4  he  eniio;rate(I  to  the  United 
States,  lie  went  to  Reading,  Pennsylvania, 
and  passed  his  examination  as  a  pnl)lic  school 
teacher. 

In  the  s])rino;  of  li^')')  he  went  to  Philadel])hia 
and  fonnd  eniplox  inent  in   a  drtis^;  store.      After 
a  few  months  he  left 
this  jiosition  to  take 
charj^e    of      a     dniL;  "  "^ 

store  owned  1)\  Dr. 
Vasey.  Later,  in 
l''^.")7,  he  \-isited  St. 
Louis,  and  in  IS.'iS 
he  located  here  and 
tonnd  a  ])osition  in 
a  (Iiul;  store,  and 
went  to  work  in 
earnest  to  sa\e 
nionex  enoUL;li  to  at- 
tend lectures. 

The  Huuiboldl 
Medical  lustitute 
had  been  starleil  b\- 
1  )r.  H  a  ni  m  e  r  in 
\'^'y.\  and  there  he 
wrul  to  attend  lect- 
ures, ntilizini.;  the 
niorniui^  and  even- 
ing hours  at  ihedru".; 
store  to  save  ex- 
penses. In  l.Siil  I)f.  Haninier  orsjanized  the 
students  of  the  Humboldt  Medical  Institute  into 
a  military  couipau\  .  This  conipaux  had  been 
sworn  in  as  special  ])olice,  and  did  <.;uard  dut\- 
at  ni.tjht  near  and  around  the  arsenal,  with  head- 
quarters at  Dr.  Hammer's  residence,  west  of  the 
arsenal.  Wlu-n  the  |)residi-nl's  call  came,  most 
of  the  students  entered  the  army — some  in  the 
medical  de])artment  and  others  in  the  line. 
Dr.  vSpict^idhalter  cnlisti'd  in  the  iMl'tli  Missouri 
\'olunteer  Infantry,  and  serxed  dtirins.;  the 
three  months'  service  as  lieutenant  of  Company 


JO^|-|>H  .spiHdKrHALTKR. 


I,  I'illh  Missouri  \'olunteers,  partici})ating-  in 
the  battles  of  Carthage  and  Wilson's  Creek. 
.\fter  he  was  discharged,  in  the  fall  of  IJSiil,  he 
took  up  his  medical  studies  again.  Lithe  spring 
of  18<)2  he  graduated  and  immediately  afterwards 
passed  his  examination  before  the  military  board 
of  medical  examiners,  of  which  Dr.  I.  T.  Hodgen 
was  president. 

.\lthough  by  the  percentage  of  his  examina- 
tion he  was  entitled  to  a  surgeon's  position,  he 
jireferred  to  go  where  his  friends  were,  and  took 

the  then  \acant  posi- 
tion of  assistant  sur- 
geon of  the  Twelfth 
Missouri  \'olunteer 
Infantry  Regiment 
(()sterhaus'  regi- 
ment ). 

Alter  Dr.  S|3iegel- 
haller  was  mustered 
out  of  the  service  he 
started  to  practice 
his  profession  in  .St. 
Lmiis.  In  lMi;.'>  he 
wasappointed  health 
officer  1)\'  M  a  \'  o  r 
T  h  o  m  a  s.  When 
cholera  apjieared  in 
the  luiropean  sea- 
]X)rtsin  the  winter  of 
1  'Sd.")-!)!;,  Dr. Spiegel- 
halter  warned  the 
I5oard  of  Health  of 
the  t  h  r  e  a  t  e  n  e  d 
danger,  and  urged 
them  to  prepare  for  the  epidemic.  When  it 
linalh'  reached  ,St.  Louis,  the  board  had  no 
uioncN'  for  extra  sanitar\-  work.  With  the  aid 
of  Hon.  ICrastus  Wells  the  money  was  finally 
raised,  and  the  work  of  thoroughly  cleaning  the 
streets  and  alleys  was  commenced. 

In  recognition  of  his  hard  and  effective  work 
in  the  interest  of  the  cit>'.  Dr.  Spiegelhalter  was 
nominated  and  elected  coroner  of  St.  Louis 
county  in  the  fall  of  l.S{i(),  and  after  the  expira- 
tion of  his  first  term  he  was  re-elected  in  I.S(hS. 
When  Dr.  Spiegelhalter  entered  upon  his  duties 


5()() 


Ol.n  AND  X/iir  ST.   /.(UVS. 


as  coroiK-r,  he  i^ax't-  up  liis  ])ractice  and  dex'olcd 
all  his  lime  to  his  official  duties. 

Ill  lS7t>  he  was  ouce  more  called  iuto  jnihlic 
ser\-ice,  Mavor  Overstolz  ha\'iui;-  ai)])oiute(l  hiui 
medical  member  of  the  Board  of  Health.  He 
was  reappoiuted  h\-  .Mayor  Overstolz  in  1^>7  7 
and  IHTit.  In  l>S.s;5  Mayor  Kwin,<^  also  appointed 
him  for  the  same  position,  which  he  filled  until 
l!^!^7,  thus  serviu";  for  eleven  \cars  as  medical 
member  of  the  Board  of  Health,  where  his 
knowledge  of  sanitary  affairs  and  tlie  topography 
of  the  citv  were  highly  appreciated. 

Dr.  Spiegelhalter  has  been  a  member  of  the 
St.  Louis  Medical  Societ\'  since  lS(i4,  he  is  also 
a  member  i>f  the  \'erein  Deutscher  .\erzte  (Soci- 
ety of  German  Pliysicians),  of  the  ^Microscopical 
Society,  the  Mississippi  \"alley  Medical  Societ\-, 
the  Acatlenn-  of  vScience,  the  .\merican  Medical 
Association,  and  the  .Vmerican  Public  Health 
Association. 

.\s  an  old  si)ldier  he  belongs  to  the  (iraud 
Arni\-  of  the  Republic,  the  Lo\'al  Legion  and 
the  Armv  of  the  Tennessee.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  St.  Louis  Ethical  Societ\',  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  St.  I^ouis  Swimming  School  and 
of  the  Missouri  Cremattn'y  Association;  he  is  a 
director  in  both  of  these  institutions  and  takes 
great  interest  in  their  management  and  success. 

Ch.\ri,1';s  M.  Hays,  \-ice-president  and  gen- 
eral manager  of  the  Wabash  Railroad,  was  born 
at  Rock  Island,  Illinois,  on  May  Ki,  1.S56.  He 
embarked  in  the  raiKva\-  liusincss  November  10, 
187H,  when  he  went  to  work  as  a  clerk  in  the 
office  of  the  passenger  deiiartment  of  the  .\t- 
lantic  &  Pacific  Railroad,  at  ihat  time  leased 
and  operated  by  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railroad. 
From  January  to  March  of  the  ne.\t  year  he  was 
employed  in  freight  accounts  in  the  auditor's 
office. 

After  a  few  months'  service  in  that  capacity 
he  entered  the  office  of  the  general  superintend- 
ent of  the  same  company.  He  then  entered  the 
ser\ice  of  the  Missouri  Pacific  Railwa\-,  serving 
in  various  capacities  until  April  1,  1884:,  when  he 
accepted  the  position  of  secretary  to  general 
manager  of   the  Wabash,    St.  Louis  &  Pacific 


Raihvax'.  On  ()cliiber  1,  l>>.S(i,he  was  promoted 
to  the  positit)n  of  assistant  general  manager  of 
the  same  road,  and  upon  the  deatli  of  Col.  .\.  .A. 
Talmagc,  Jul\-  1,  LS'S7,he  was  appointed  to  suc- 
ceed him  as  general  manager  of  the  Wabash 
Western  Railway,  which  road  was  consolidated 
with  the  Wabash  Railway  on  |ul\-  1 ,  ISSH,  under 
the  name  ol  the  Waliasli  R.uhd.id  Com])anv, 
Mr.  Haws  being  appointed  general  manager  of 
the  consolidated  system.  On  February  1,  1.S94, 
he  was  elected  vice-president,  and  hassince  held 
the  dual  ])ositiou  of  \ice-])ri.-si(lent  and  general 
manager. 

Mr.  Ha\s  masdie  considered  as  a  represc'Ulatix'e 
St.  Louis  man,  this  city  hax'ing  been  the  scene 
of   his  entire  business  career. 

His  father  was  Samuel  Havs,  who  served  one 
term  as  treasurer  of  the  .State  of  Missouri,  and 
has  also  ser\'ed  as  postmaster  ol  .St.  L<iuis,  be- 
ing a])pijinted  bv  President  Hayes,  while  his 
mother  came  of  the  well-known  Morris  family 
of  New  Jerse\',  her  maiden  name  being  Sarah 
lilizabeth  ^Morris.  It  was  at  the  house  of  Maj. 
John  F^ord,  of  Morristowu,  New  Jersey,  the 
great-grandfather  of  Mr.  Hays,  that  General 
George  Washington  made  his  headcjuarlcrs  dur- 
ing his  final  campaign  against  the  British,  who 
then  occupied  New  York  City. 

He  was  married  on  October  l.">,  IM.si  to  Miss 
Clara  G.  Gregg,  the  daughter  of  William  H. 
Gregg,  of  this  citv,  their  domestic  life  being 
blessed  with  four  interesting  daughters. 

Cunningham,  F'dward,  Jr.,  son  of  Edward 
and  Catharine  (  ■Miller  )  Cunningham,  was  born 
in  Cumberland  conntv,  \'irginia,  August  :^1, 
LS41.  He  received  a  good  education  from  pri- 
vate tutors  at  home,  then  in  the  \'irginia  Mili- 
tary Institute,  at  Lexington,  \'irginia,  where  he 
was  stiichiug  during  the  troublous  days  preced- 
ing the  war.  Being  in  the  first  class,  he  went 
along  under  vStonewall  Jackson,  who  commanded 
the  corps  of  cadets  during  the  John  Brown  raid. 
( )n  being  ordered  to  Charleston,  being  a  cadet- 
captain,  he  was  put  in  command  of  the  section 
of  artillery  accompanying  the  corps.  He  was 
then  ordered  back  witli  the  troops  to  Lexington, 


n/OCh'.lPH/CA/.  APPENDIX. 


561 


where  he  remained    until   the  l)reakinjr  out   of  report  at  Knoxviile.      He  served  under  General 

the  war,  In   which   lime  he  had  "graduated  and  vSmith  in    Kentucky  and    Tennessee    until  the 

was  assistant  professor  of  mathematics.  year  isti;-!,  when,  with    General   Smith,  he  was 

He    was    commissioned    bv  the    (governor    as  transferred  to  the  department  of  the  Trans-Mis- 

lieutenant     of     eii.ijineers,    and    instructed    the  sissippi.      In  the  following  year  he  was  comniis- 

cadets  at    Richmond,    \'irginia,  l)eing    the   first  sioned   major  of  the  artillery  in  the  Provisional 

adjutant-general.  .\rm\-    of    the    Confederate    States,    and  served 

In  the  year   ISCl,  when    .Major  Jackson   was  until    the    close    of   the    war    as    chief    of    ar- 

appointed  colonel  of  the  \'irginia  forces,  he  was  tillerv     of    the     Trans-Mississippi  department, 

assigned  the  command  of  the    northern  depart-  which     embraced     .\rkansas.    West    Louisiana, 

nient  of  the  state,  with  headquarters  at  H;ir]>er's  Texas  and  the  Indian  Territory. 


Ferry.  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham was  ap- 
l)ointed  captain  of 
engineers,  and  as- 
signed to  that  de- 
partment as  chief 
engineer.  He  re- 
mained under  Col. 
Jackson  until  \'ir- 
ginia  joined  the  Con- 
federate States,  when 
the  department  was 
placed  under  the 
command  of  General 
Joseph  K.  Johnston, 
after  which  time  he 
served  as  assistant 
to  Major  W.  H.  T. 
Whitney,  chief  en- 
gineer until  the 
battle  of  Manassas. 
When  the  Army 
of  the  Shenandoah 
was  ordered  to  Mau- 


I.DUAkl)   Ct.NMNUHAAI.    JR. 


On  June  7,  LSliit, 
Mr.  Cunningham 
was  paroled  at 
Shreveport,  Louisi- 
ana, and  was  subse- 
quenth'  instructor 
in  the  Norwood 
.\cadem\-,  in  Nelson 
count\',  \'irginia, 
and  also  in  the 
H  e  1 1  e  \"  u  e  High 
.School,  in  Bedford 
county,  \'irginia. 
While  teacliing  he 
studied  law  under 
James  P.  Holcomb, 
formerly  professor 
of  law  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  \'irginia, 
l)Ut  before  complet- 
ing his  law  studies 
he  moNcd  to  New 
Castle,  Kentucky, 
where,  under  his  old 


assas    to   join    General    Beauregard,    Mr.    Cun-  friend,  Cieneral  K.  Kirby  Smith,  he  acted  as  in- 

ningluun  was  assigned  to  duty  on  the  staff  of  structor  in  the  Western  Military  Academy.     He 

General    Kirbv    Smith.       in    December,    ISCl,  came  to  this  city  in  the  winter  of  1872-H.      He 

he   was   commissioned   first    lievitcuanl   of  artil-  was  admitted   to   the    bar   and    practiced    alone 

lery  for   engineer  duty  in  the   regular  Army  of  until    1SN7.    when   lie    entered   into   partnership 

the  Confederate  States,  and  was  ordered  to  re-  with   .Mr.  Ivlward  C.  Kliot.      In  the  fall  of  !>>!••• 

jiort  to  (reneral  Mansfield  Lovell, at  New  I  )rleans.  these    gentlemen    a.ssociated    themselves    with 

He  served  on  engineer  duty  in  the  erection  of  Judge  J.  W.   Phillips  and  Mr.  A.  C.  Stewart, 
the  defenses  of  New   Orleans  until  .\pril,  l.Stll,  In  lS7t;  he  married   Mi.ss  Cornelia  \'.  Thorn- 

when  General    IC.  Kirbv  .Smith  having  been  a.s-  ton,  daughter  of  Charles  A.  Thornton,  Esq.,  of 

signed   to  the    department    of   Ivist    Tennessee,  Louisiana.      They   have  only  one  child,  a  son, 

Mr.  Cunningham  was,  at  his  request, ordered  to  Ivlward  Thornton,  born  in  1.S7H. 

36 


5(32 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   /.01//S. 


Grehxk,  I'raxk  vS.,  the  successful  contractor 
and  builder,  was  Ixun  iu  iMi^^laud,  althout^h  he 
is  an  American  iu  everythiujj  but  that,  as  he 
was  brought  here  when  but  one  year  old.  He 
refers  to  Warwickshire,  Kuglaud,  as  the  place, 
and  September  1  1,  ISIS,  as  the  date  of  his  i)irth. 
On  reachiuij  the  New  World  his  parents  settled 
iu  Ohio,  which  iu  1S4!I  was  yet  a  new  country. 

Iu  this  state  young  Frank  lived  until  ten 
years  old,  when,  left  an  orphan  by  the  death  of 
both  father  and  mother,  circ\imstauces  became 
so  shaped  that  the 
boy  was  sent  to  St. 
Louis,  the  date  of 
his  arrival  b  e  i  u  g 
1858.  He  was  at 
once  started  to  the 
common  schools,  but 
owing  to  the  cir- 
cumstance that  he 
was  compelled  to 
make  his  own  way 
in  the  world,  he  was 
compelled  to  leave 
school  when  about 
fourteen  years  old, 
an  opening  having 
offered  to  learn  the 
trunk  maker's  trade. 
He  applied  himself 
diligently  to  this 
during  the  period  of 
the  civil  war,  but 
after  he  had  mas- 
tered its  details,  he 

became  convinced  that  the  trade  of  a  carpenter 
and  builder  was  better  adapted  to  his  tastes  and 
offered  better  opportunities  of  success  than  the 
other.  At  eighteen  years  of  age,  therefore,  he 
went  to  work  for  Noah  Dean,  a  well-known 
builder  of  this  city,  with  whom  he  worked  until 
18(J9.  As  soon  as  he  had  acquired  proficiency, 
he  boldly  started  iu  business  for  himself.  It 
was  only  in  a  small  way  then,  but  his  business 
and  reputation  for  honest  and  excellent  work 
have  grown  with  the  years,  and  he  reckons  some 
of  the  wealthiest  men  of  the  city  as  his  patrons. 


^ 


X.. 


FRANK  S.  GREENE. 


Mr.  (ireeue  was  married  in  1S7I  to  Miss 
Heckie  I'uck,  of  St.  Louis  county.  They  have 
two  children — -Jessie  and  Mary. 

P>r'i'i.i';K,  hJ)\VAKii. — The  well-knuwn  cajjital- 
isl  and  iiolitician,  Kdward  Butler,  was  born  in 
Ireland,  fift\-nine  years  ago.  Like  so  man\'  other 
of  his  countr\inen,  he  early  came  io  .\mericain 
search  of  fortune.  In  New  York  he  learned  the 
blacksmith's  trade,  and  coming  to  St.  Louis 
afterward,  worked  several  years  as  a  journey- 
man in  various  shops 
of  the  city.  It  was 
early  his  ambition 
to  open  a  shop  of  his 
own,  and  as  soon  as 
he  could  save  enotigh 
money  he  did  so. 
He  also  soon  recog- 
nized the  fact  that 
it  is  the  specialist 
who  wins  iu  this 
latter  day,  and  he 
accordingly  merged 
his  business  into 
the  horseshoeing 
branch  of  the  trade 
exclusively,  apply- 
ing all  his  energy  to 
learning  all  about  a 
horse's  foot,  how  to 
make  a  shoe  and  ap- 
ply it.  By  reason 
of  the  fact  that  he 
then  applied  his 
efforts  to  the  narrow  limits  of  doing  one  thing 
and  doing  that  thing  well,  patronage  began  to 
pour  in  on  him,  and  the  number  and  size  of  his 
shops  had  to  be  increased. 

Shortly  after  beginning  business  he  became 
interested  in  local  politics,  and  his  power  and 
influence  have  increased  with  the  \'ears.  As 
time  has  passed  his  business  interests  have 
become  diversified,  until  at  the  present  time  he 
is  interested  in  a  great  number  and  variety  of 
enterprises.  In  1885  his  son,  Edward,  Jr.,  was 
made  a  partner  in  the  horseshoeing  business. 


i 


W  j^trT^ 


BIOGRAPHICAL  APPLN/UX. 


563 


Schmidt,    Hhxrv    ArcrsT. — Mr.     Schmidt  and    then,   under  the  tutorship   of  one  of  the 

was  born  in  tlie  Kinj^doni  of  Hanover,  Cxermany,  skillful  artists  of  that   day,    soon   became   onlv 

March  1:.',  i.s4.s,  and  ir;  the   son  of  Christo]")her  less  skillful  than  his  master  in  all  the  details  of 

and    Lnitii'  (Krnse)  Schmidt.      His    father  was  the  sartorial  art.      Heino;  a  verv   aspirint^;   man, 

a  cai)tain  in  the   Hanoverian  army,  and    fouo;ht  and  desiring  to  see  more  of  his  adopted  countrv, 

gallanth'  in  that  country's  war  against  the  old  he    left    Xew    York    and    went     to    vSavannah, 

Napoleon  at  Leipsic   in    LSI  1.      Voting    Henry  Georgia,  when  after  a  short  time    he  made   his 

received  his  education  in  the   public  schools  of  way  to  jNIemphis,  Tennessee.     After   a  stav  of 

the  City  of  Bremen.    .\t  fourteen  years  of  age,  in  several  years    in    the   latter    city,    he    went    to 

conformity    willi    the    (ierman   custom,   he   left  \'icksburg,  Mississippi,  where  he  was  made  the 

school  and  began  to  recei\-e  instructions    in    the  manager  of  the   business   of    Geo.    C.    Cress    &. 


mechanical  arts.  He 
chose  the  tailoring 
trade,  and  was  aji- 
prenticedto  a  master 
of  liis  art  in  the 
C  i  I  \'  of  liremen. 
After  three  and  one- 
half  \ears'  service 
with  the  master,  he 
left  him  to  begin 
work  in  one  of  the 
ie  a  di  n  g  establish- 
ments of  that  citv. 
From  e  a  r  1  y  I)o  \-- 
h  ood  hi  s  )oung 
heart  was  stirred  by 
reading  the  accounts 
of  the  golden  oppor- 
tunities for  success  in 
America.  Later  on, 
tiiose  of  his  country- 
men ri'lnniinL;  on  a 
\isit  from  the  .\'e\v 
World,   ga\e  such 

glowing  de.scri])tions  of  it,  that  his  vonng,  am- 
bitious heart  was  so  fncd  that  he  determined  to 
go  at  once  to  the  lildorado  of  so  man\-  of  his 
countrymen.  He  was  only  nineteen  vears  of 
age  when  Ik-  Ufl  the  scenes  of  his  1)o\liood 
and  set  sail  for  the  Xew  World.      .Vfter  landin<>- 


III;NH>    a.  SCHMIDT. 


Company,  tai  lors, 
the  largest  house  of 
its  line  in  the  state. 
Working  steadily 
for  a  n  u  m  b  e  r  o  f 
}'ears,  and  ])ractic- 
ing  econonu',  he 
determined  to  open 
a  business  for  him- 
self. In  seeking  for 
a  location  he  came 
to  the  City  of  St. 
lyonis,  and  in  the 
year  1.S7.S  opened  a 
merchant  tailoring 
establishment  at  <il8 
Washington  avenue. 
Mis  business  pros- 
pered, and  in  liS.S2 
he  sought  1)  e  1 1  e  r 
q  u  arte  rs  in  t  h  c 
.Son  I  h  e  r  n  Hotel 
HuiUling,  where  he 
remained  for  fi  \-  e 
years,  and  in  INST  he  removed  to  (><t.s  olive 
street.  On  the  fir.st  day  of  January,  ISiU,  he 
again  sought  more  commodious  quarters,  which 
lie  finmd  in  the  magnificent  Union  Trust  Build- 
ing, where  upon  the  second  floor  he  occnjiies 
the  large  corner  room,  with  light   and  facilities 


in    New   York,    and    with    an    energy    that    has  unsurjiassed  for  the  transaction  of  his  business. 

aiw.iys    been  one   of   his   characteristics,  lie  at  During  his  career  in  St.    Louis,  Mr.    Schmidt 

once  .souglit   employment,  which    he    was    not  has  established  a  reputation  which  is  at  present 

long  in  ol)taining.  worth  thousands  of  dollars  to  him  annually.   He 

He  began  work  for  the  well-known   house  of  is  justly  considered  the  high-class  tailor  of  this 

Croney  iS:  Lent,  7.'>;i  Broadwax ,  Xew  York  Cil\  ,  cit\,  anil  not  only  is  his  trade  of  the  most  lucrative 


5(54 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   LOUIS. 


kind,  Ijut  liis  (.■stal)IisliiiH-nl  is  also  the  most 
extensive  in  its  line  in  tlie  West.  Mr.  Schmidt 
believes  that  success  is  obtainable  b\-  constant 
and  unremitting;  attention  to  one  thini;-,  and  he 
lias  therefore  become  interested  in  but  few 
outside  private  enterprises,  excejjt  his  invest- 
ments in  real  estate  in  this  city  as  well  as  in 
Kansas  Cit\'.  He  has  lent  e\'ery  assistance 
possible  to  all  plans  of  a  public  nature  for  the 
general  welfare  of  the  city,  and  has  been  in- 
strumental in  bringinj);  many  of  his  countrymen 
with  their  families 
to  this  city. 

He  is  a  Christian 
in  belief  and  prac- 
tice, and  with  his 
family  are  attend- 
ants at  Pilgrim  Con- 
gregational Church, 
to  which  he  is  a 
liberal  contributor, 
as  he  is  also  to  nuuu- 
of  the  jniblic  chari- 
ties of  the  city.  In 
IS.Si?  Mr.  Schmidt 
was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  ;\Iiss  Bertha 
Leonora  ^'  o  1  k  e  r 
of  this  citv,  and 
their  union  has  l)een 
blessed  with  a  large 
f  a  m  i  1  v  of  young 
Schmidts,  who  in 
time,  we  hope,  will 
prove  a  blessing  to 

them  as  well   as  the  community,    and  emulate 
the  excellent  example  set  them  by  their  father. 

Th.\L-MAxx,  Berxh.\rd,  head  of  the  Thal- 
niann  Printing  Ink  Company,  of  this  citv, 
has  attained  by  industry,  straightforward  and 
progressive  business  methods  his  present  pros- 
perous and  prominent  condition.  Everything 
he  owns  is  due  solely  to  his  own  efforts.  He  is 
a  self-made  man.  He  is  a  native  of  the  province 
of  Saxony,  Germany,  where  he  was  born  in 
1832.     He  received  instructions   in  the  public 


schools  until  he  was  fourteen,  at  which  age 
most  German  bo\s  leaxx  school  to  learn  a  trade. 
It  was  his  fortune  to  be  aj)prenticed  to  learn 
the  trade  of  a  lithogra])hic  ])rinter,  at  which, 
wlien  his  term  was  completed,  he  worked  in 
\arious  shops  in  his  nati\e  land  throughout  his 
youth  and  early  manhood. 

In  18t)4,  when  he  was  thirt\-two  vears  of 
age,  he  left  the  Fatherland  to  seek  his  fortune 
beyond  the  seas  in  the  New  World.  After  land- 
ing   he  came  direct  to  St.    Louis,  where  heat 

once  dropped  into  a 
good  position  as 
foreman  of  (last's 
extensive  establish- 
ment. P'or  five  and  a 
half  years  he  ad- 
ministered the  affairs 
of  this  establishment 
and  onlv  resigned 
his  jilace  in  IXti!) 
to  ft)]  low  out  a  reso- 
lutitni  he  had  pre- 
viously made  to 
enter  business  on  his 
own  account.  He 
saw  that  a  (lenian<l 
existed  for  a  high- 
grade  printers'  ink, 
and  r  e s  o  H'  e d  to 
create  the  supply. 
He  had  practiced 
frugality  and  saved 
some  money,  and  in 
a  small  w  a  \  h  e 
erected  a  plant  at  Twent>-first  and  Singleton 
streets.  From  this  insignificant  beginning,  the 
plant  has  been  enlarged  from  year  to  \-ear, 
until  at  present  it  ranks  among  the  important 
manufacturing  enterprises  of  the  cit>-. 

Mr.  Thalniann  is  a  member  of  the  !.().().  F., 
as  well  as  the  Knights  of  Honor.  He  has  been 
married  twice.  The  first  time  he  was  wedded 
in  1877  to  Miss  Carolina  Sanftleben,  who  died 
some  years  later.  In  1SS7  he  married  his  pres- 
ent wife,  whose  maiden  name  was  (lUndlach. 
Mr.  Thalniann  has  four  children,  all  daughters. 


BERNHARD    THAI. MANN. 


nh n.RAPlIR \\L  APPENDIX. 


56.5 


LocKWOOD,  Richard  John,  was  born  in  Kent  Lockwood  ),  and  of  the  first  Mrs.  George  Collier, 
county,  Delaware,  SejJtcniber  l>,  l><(tX,  and  died  and  Mrs.  William  (i.  Pettns,  of  St.  Louis,  and 
in  St.  Ivouis,  June  17,  IMTn,  son  of  Caleb  and  .Mrs.  Vosti,  of  St.  Charles.  Mrs.  Jvockwood 
Araminta  (Day)  Lockwood,  and  grandson  of  died  in  184«,  leaving  one  son,  William  ^L  Lock- 
Richard  Lockwood,  a  member  of  the  con\'ention  wood,  secretary  of  the  St.  I/)nis  Agricultural  and 
which  organized   Delaware  into  a  state  in  177(),      Mechanical  Association. 

and  also  signed  some  of  the  first  notes  issued  In  In    December,    IM.'ij,    Mr.  Lockwood    married 

that  state.  Richard  J.  was  an  only  son.  His  Miss  Angelica  Peale  Rol)inson,  a  daughter  of 
mother  died  in  the  fall  of  l.S-2!l,  and  in  the  .\rchibald  Robinson,  of  Jefferson  county,  \'ir- 
spring  of  the  following  year  he,  with  his  father  ginia,  and  sister  of  George  R.  and  Archi  Robin- 
and  two  sisters,  remo\cd  to  .St.  Louis.  son,  of  this  city.      .Mrs.  Lockwood  is  still  living. 

Of  this  marriage 
seven  children  were 
born,  \iz.:  George 
Robinson,  Richard 
Robinson,  J  a  m  e  s 
Veatman,  Archi 
Robinson  (  who  died 
unmarried  at  Santa 
I'c,  Xew  Mexico,  in 
October,  l.Si»2), 
Jeomi  Morrison  (  now 
.^h•s.  Walker  Hill), 
Charles  .\ndrewsand 
Sarah  Rell. 

Richard  J.  Lock- 
wood  was  for  manv 
\ears  a  director  in  a 
nundjer  of  local  cor- 
porations, a  m  o  n  g 
them  the  State  Sav- 
ings Ass  o  c  i  a  t  i  o  n 
(  now  State  Bank  ) 
and  St.  Louis  Gas 
Light  Company. 


In  is;?2his  father, 
Caleb,  was  elected 
a  mend)er  of  the 
City  Council  from 
one  of  the  t  h  r  c  e 
wards  intu  w  li  i  c  h 
the  cit\-  was  then 
divided,  its  i)o])ula- 
lion  then  being  from 
si.x  to  se\'en  lliini- 
sand. 

In  l.^.'W;  Richard 
J.  became  a  clerk 
upon  one  of  theri\er 
■  steamers.  Two  years 
later  he  took  com- 
mand as  captain. 
In  \^\-l  he  left  the 
river,  but  retained 
an  interest  in  ri\er 
properties,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  slii]) 
chandler  and  grocery 
business    with     Mr. 

James  Hill,  under  the  firm  name  (if  Hill  iX;  Lock-  He  wasan  earnest  Christian  and  devout  nieni- 

wood.  This  firm  name  (as  one  partner  after  bcr  of  the  Protestant  ]v])iscopal  Church,  though 
another  retired  or  came  into  the  firm  )  became  reared  in  the  Methodist  faith,  his  paternal  grand- 
successi\el\  I.oekwood,  \'oorhes  i<:  Company,  father  having  beena  memberof  the  first  Methodist 
Lockwood,  Pierson  ^c  Cnnipany,  Lockwood  iS:  church  erected  in  Delaware,  and  his  maternal 
Wider,  and   finally    R.  J.  Lockwood.      In    1H7<>,      grandfather  a  minister   of    that   denomination. 


k.   .1.    I.OCkW  (toll. 


and  shortly  before  his  death,  Mr.  Lockwood  re- 
tired from  business. 

In  \'!^\'.i  he  married  Miss  Jane  lierenien  Mor- 
lison,  youngest  daughter  of  the  late  Major  James 
Morrison,  of  .St.  Charles,  and  sister  of  the  late 
William  M.  Morrison  (of  the  firm  of  Morrison  ^c 


He  was  a  liberal  contributor  to  many  charities 
and  an  active  member  and  district  visitor  of  the 
Provident  .Association  for  many  years. 

.\  ])ortrait  of  Mr.  Lockwood,  l^y  Elichbauin, 
is  in  the  possession  of  the  Missouri  Historical 
Soeielv . 


566 


OLD  AND  NI-AV  ST.   LOUIS. 


KuRTZEBORN,   August,    son  of  (iodfiey   and  lias    jjiven    his    attention    wholly   to    tlie    retail 

Dorothea  Knrt/.eborn,  was  born  at  J)iez,  Prussia,  jewelry  business,  and  is  the  head  of  one  of  the 

June  1,  l'*<40,  and   in   his  native  place  received  soundest  and  most  extensive  houses  in  that  line 

at   the  common   schools  the    education    nsualh-  in   the   West.      For  ox'er  thirty-seven   years  he 

accorded  the  (icrman   youth.      He  was  a   ])U])il  has  been   acti\cly  connected  with   that   trade  in 

in  the  schools  of  Diez  until  he  emigrated  with  this  cit\-,  and  has  seen  St.  Louis  from  a  com- 

liis  parents  to  America,  the  event  occurring  when  parati\'ely  small  city  become  the   metropolis  of 

the  lad  was  about   fifteen  ^■ears  old.      Reachin<j  the  \\'est,  and   has  seen  the   house   with  which 


St.  Louis,  he  determined  to  make  this  his  abid- 
ing place,  and  here  attended  school  for  one  year. 
On    completing    his    education,     he    chose    the 
jeweler's  trade  as  an 
avocation,   and  to 

learn    the    business  i 

entered    the     estab-  i 

lishment  of  L.  JSau-  i 

man,  a  house  that 
was  established  in 
St.  Louis  in  1.S44. 

It  was  in  January, 
1857,  that  he  became 
connected   witli    the  i 

house,  and  so  steadi- 
ly and  diligenth-  did 
he  go  about  the  Inisi- 
ness,  that,  January 
1,  18(57,  ten  years 
later,  he  became  a 
junior  partner  in  the 
house,  the  style  of 
the  firm  becoming 
Ban  m  a  n  &  C  o  m - 

pany.    In  l.s7i' Mr. L.  ! 

Banman  retired  from 
the    firm    and    from 


^"^     ^A 


AUGUST  KURTZEBORN. 


he  was  connected,  from  a  small  beginning  build 
up  a  trade  extending  from  the  Alleghanies  to 
the  Rockies;  such  a  wide  experience  has  made 

of  him  an  authority 
on  all  the  details  of 
his  business,  a  line 
of  trade  in  which  ex- 
pert knowledge  and 
experience  are  of 
paramount  impor- 
tance. .\s  at  present 
constitute  d  the 
house  of  which  lie  is 
the  head  consists  of 
himself  and  his  two 
sons,  August,  Jr., 
and  Louis G.  Kurtze- 
Ijorn. 

^Ir.    Kurtzeborii 
holds  membership  in 
l)oth   the  Mercantile 
and    U  11  i  o  n    clubs. 
In  fraternal  club  cir- 
I  cles  he  is  recognized 
I  as  a  brother  h\  mem- 
bers of    the    Legion 
of  Honor,  Ro\-al  Ar- 
iiid   Woodmen   of  the   WorUI.      He   has 


I 


I 


the  business,   and  his  two  sons,    Solomon  and  caiiuin 

Meyer    Baumaii,    AT.    A.    Rosenblatt    and    Mr.  ahva\s  taken  an  active  part  in  the  furtherance  of 

Kurtzeborii  succeeded  to  the  proprietorship.    In  the  cit)''s  interests  in  every  legitimate  manner, 

1880  the  membership  of  the  fiim  was  still  fur-  and  his  reputation  as  a  business  man,  as  well  as 

ther  reduced  by  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Rosen-  a  jeweler,  extends  far  beyond  the  city  limits, 
blatt,  owing  to  his  election  to  the  city  collector-  In  LSliU  Mr.  Kurtzeborn  was  married  to  ^liss 

ship.      In  1882   the  business   was  incorporated,  Lizzie  Probst,  daughter  of  Mr.  J.  D.  Kurlbaum, 

and    Mr.    Kurtzeborn    became    the    company's  of  St.  Louis.     They  have  five  children — .\ugust, 

president.     This  office  he  held  up  to  January  1,  Jr.,  and  Louis  (r.,  who  assist  their  father  in  the 

1894,   on  which    date   he   purchased  the  firm's  jewelry    business;     Lilly,    now    Mrs.    \Vm.    H. 

retail  department,  and  resigned  the  presidency  Gregg,  Jr.;    Edwin,  who  is  being  educated  at 

of  the  corporation.     Since  the    above    date  he  Princeton,  and  another. 


niOdK.  l/'/f/CA/.  APPl-lNDIX. 


iO( 


Ca.mi'H1';i.i.,  William  C,  son  of  Jesse  and  An- 
nie (Stewart)  Campbell,  was  Ijorn  in  New  York 
City,  in  1 «;')."). 

Mrs.  Campbell  died  when  he  was  only  eleven 
years  of  age,  and  six  years  later  Mr.  Campbell, 
Sr.,  also  died,  leaving  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
practically  alone  in  the  world  with  four  brothers 
younger  than  himself. 

When  quite  a  boy  he  went  to  work  in  a  plan- 
ing mill,  learning  the  trade   prett\'  thoroughh- 
in  about  four  years,  when  he  turnetl   liis  atten- 
tion to  the  furniture 
business,  and  at  the 
age  of  seventeen  oc- 
cupied the  resjiousi- 
ble  position  of  head 
cutter    in     Dana    (^c 
Smith's  furniture 
factory,    South     vSt. 
Lous,    he   ha\ing 
come     ti)    this     city 
when  a  boy. 

When  onh-  nine- 
teen years  old  he 
started  business  on 
his  own  account. 
His  capital  at  this 
linu-  was  but  lort\' 
dollars,  a  n  d  his 
premises  consisted  of 
one  room,  the  rental 
of  which,  including 
power,  was  lifleeu 
dollars  a  mouth. 
To  this  small  estab- 
lishment, which  was  located  on  'Pwenty-lliird 
street,  near  Cassa\enue,  a  partner  was  admitted 
with  a  capital  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  dollars, 
and  se\eu  months  laUi  the  building  was  tt)ru 
down  and  .Mr.  Campbell  bought  the  interest  of 
his  partner. 

Mr.  Campbi.!!  tln-u  purchased  a  tweut\-fool 
lot  on  'Pw(.'Uty-secoud  street  and  erected  a  small, 
but  conveuieul  brick  building,  in  which  he  re- 
sumed the  manufacture  of  furniture,  still  renting 
power,  .\flei  six  mouths  he  associated  himself 
with  .1  Mr.   l)ici    and    proceeded  to  organize  the 


«  II  II  \  M  C     CAWI'HI  I  I. 


Missouri  Furniture  Company,  with  a  capital 
stock  of  fi\-e  thousand  dollars.  .Mr.  Campbell 
was  made  president  of  the  new  conipam-,  which 
at  the  end  of  three  months  was  compelled  to  in- 
crease its  capital  and  to  build  an  addition  to  the 
factory. 

In  b'^iN^  Mr.  Campbell  .sold  his  stock  in  the 
comjiau}-  and,  ])urchasing  a  lot  on  Thirteenth 
street,  near  Cass  avenue,  he  erected  the  factory 
now  occupied  b\-  the  Scarritt  Furniture  Com- 
pany.     Here  he  continued  for  one  year,  when 

he  organized  the 
C  a  m  p  b  e  1  1-H  e  s  s 
Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, with  a  capital 
stock  of  seven  thou- 
sand five  hundred 
dollars.  He  shortly 
afterwards  bought 
out  Mr.  Hess  and 
c  h  a  n  g  e  d  t  h  e  fi  r  ni 
name  to  the  Camp- 
bell Manufacturing 
Com])any. 

Mr.  CampbelTs 
next  venture  was  the 
erect  ion  of  at  en  thon- 
sa  n  d-d  ol  1  a  r  build- 
ing on  a  very  eligi- 
ble site  at  the  cor- 
ner of  Second  and 
Hempstead  streets, 
in  which  a  large 
business  was  trans- 
acted and  seventy- 
five  skilled  mechanics  were  kept  busy. 

.\fter  a  very  prosperous  career  of  four  years 
the  Merchants'  Terminal  Railroad  Company, 
requiring  the  ground  for  their  system,  purchased 
it,  and  tore  down  the  factory. 

.Mr.  Campbell  subsequently  l)onghl  out  the 
vSt.  Fouis  Glass  Works  Company  on  Broadway, 
Monroe  and  Xinth  streets,  paying  tliirt\'  thou- 
sand dollars  f(U  the  plant.  He  tore  down  the 
building  and  erected  in  its  place  i>ne  of  the  finest 
furniture  factories  in  the  country.  It  occupies 
a  floorspaceof  ;^0<i\14ii  feet,  is  three  stories  high. 


568 


OLD  AND  NEW  ST.   I.OriS. 


and  is  llie  laro;est  factorx-  of  its  kind  under  one 
root  in  the  United  States.  The  capital  invested 
in  this  magnificent  structure  and  its  equipments 
amounts  to  over  one  hundred  and  tliirt\'  thou- 
sand dollars,  and  there  is  a  cajtacitN'  for  three 
hundred  men.  The  most  costly  and  perfect  ma- 
chiuerv  in  the  uiarket  is  to  be  found  on  the 
premi.ses,  and  the  work  put  out  is  unexcelled. 

Mr.  Canipbell's  career  has  been  an  active  one, 
and   the  aincnint  of  capital  and   business  he  has 
broui^ht   to  St.    Louis   is  enormous.      He  ranks 
\er\'   high    in    com- 
mercial and  trade 
circles,  and  is  one  of 
the  most  popular  em- 
ployers  of    labor   in 
the  West.     He  ships 
goods  both  Kast  and 
North,   as   well    as 
South  and  West. 

He  has  spent  near- 
ly aquarter  of  a  mill- 
ion of  dollars  in  the 
erection  and  equip- 
ment of  factories  in 
St.  Louis,  and  at  this 
writing  he  is  btit 
thirty-seven  years 
old.  He  has  been 
engaged  in  a  number 
of  enterprises  out- 
side of  his  business. 

He  has  been  a  very 
active  member  of  the 
Knights  of  Honor,  a 

great  reader,  has  tra\eled  considerably,  and  is 
a  strong   Republican. 

He  married  in  1874  Miss  Mamie  Dillon,  and 
has  had  two  children,  a  boy  and  a  girl.  The 
latter  is  still  living,  and  is  a  handsome  young 
ladv  of  fifteen. 


!L\rcK,  Lofi.s,  third  son  of  the  late  Doctoi' 
Charles  !■".  Hauck,  who  came  to  St.  Louis  from 
(lernnuu-  in  1  8411,  was  born  in  vSt.  Louis,  ^h^rch 
8,  lS."i!i.  He  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools,  and  graduated  from  the  High  School  in 
1S77. 

He  entered  the  St.  Louis  Medical  College  in 
1877,  and  graduated  on  .^hlrcll  •'),  18S(),  at  the 
age  of  twentv-one.  In  .\pril  of  the  same  \ear 
he  passed  a  successful  e.xamination  for  a  posi- 
tion as  assistant  physician  to  the  City  Hospital, 

where  he  ser\ed  un- 
til   May,   l.S«L 

He  then  entered 
i  nto  practice  w  i  t  h 
his  father,  l)ut  in 
August,  l'S.S2,  went 
to  Europe  to  attend 
the  uni\-ersities  of 
Berlin,  \'ienna  and 
Strassburg.  He  re- 
turned in  August, 
1883,  and  resumed 
the  practice  of  his 
profession  with  his 
brother.  Dr.  Eugene 
F.  Hauck,  at  the 
old  stand  of  his 
father,  who  had  died 
during  his  absence 
abroad.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  vSt.  Louis 
M  ed  ical  Society; 
was  for  one  \'  e  a  r 
chief  surgeon  South 
Side  Dispensary;  is  a  member  of  Ro\al  Ar- 
canum, .Vmerican  Legion  of  Honor  and  Knights 
and  Ladies  of  Honor,  and  examining  physician 
for  last  two  years.  He  is  a  member  of  L^nion 
Club,  Liederkranz,  St.  Louis  Turn-Verein  and 
Art  Societv. 


LOUIS  HALCK 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


A 

A.-il.  Alliert  A 

Abbott,  Will.  C 

Adams,  Kliiier  B 

Adams,  J.  W 

.■\j^riciiUui:il  iiiid    .Mcillaliical    Assoi-iaticni 

Agricullural    Iinpleiiieuts 

Air   Line 

Allen,  Chas.  Clafliii 

Allen,  K.  T 

Allen,  Geo.  \V 

Alt,   Adoljih 

.■\nierican  Central   liuildiii,^; 

.-Vnderson.  W.  'i' 

-Viinals  of  .St.  Luiiis 

.\iiiiaii,  Tlios.    I! 

.Viiiie  de  Coup 

.■\nzciger  des  Wesliiis 

.Xrinslroiij;,  David  11 

.\rnold,   Heniy 

Atchison   K.  R.  .System 

.\tkiii-ioii,  Roliert  C 

Atwood,  Joliii  C 

.\ntiiiniuil  I'estivities  .Association 

B 

Hacdii,  Williamson 
liaker,  A.  M 
Baker,  Jas.  K 
Baker,  Jas.  I, 
Baker,  Joseph  li 
Baker,   Win.  J 
Hallimore  &  Ohio 

Bank  of  Si.  Louis 

Bank  of  State  of  Missouri 

Bank  I''aihires,  None  fi>r  Nine  Wars 

Bank,  OlTicial  Statement  of 

Hniiiier  Hnilding  Year 

Baiiuennan,  Jns 

Bar  .Association 

Barlow,  Stephen   I) 

Harnett,  (leo.   I 

Harnett,   (".eo.   I) 

Barstow,  Chas.   W 

Barton,   Joshua 

Hase-Hall  Champions 

Hauduy,  J.  K 

Hell.  Nich.  M 

Hell,    I.everclt 

Hellefoutaine.  b'ort.   ICstablishcd 

Hellefontaine   Railroad 

Helicli   and    liar 


SI. 


1-AGR. 

P.\GE. 

:i:i(i 

Heiitiin,  Thom.is  H 

IS 

4S1I 

Herein,  M  

45(1 

:i7(i 

Hernays,  A.  C 

.-.;jo 

5  Hi 

Hiebinger,  Fred.  W 

21.5 

Sli 

Hierman,    Lewis 

,502 

•27 

Hig  Four 

.57 

:,H 

Biggs,  W.  H 

1.5S 

:is;i 

Blair,  Jas.  L 

157 

.")17 

Bliss,  Harmon  J 

.527 

11:2 

Hlodgett,  Wells  II 

297 

:!!.■) 

Blossom,   Henry   M 

:i:9 

'.IS 

Blumer,   Esaias  W 

42S 

25S 

Hoeckeler,    Adolphus 

327 

17 

Hohnier,  John  C 

404 

:!Mi 

Bond,  H.  W 

268 

17 

Boot  and  Shoe  Interests 

34,  47 

i:!u 

Booth,  David  S          

550 

ll-J 

Booth,  John  N 

169 

:;(i:i 

Boulevard  .System 

107 

.")() 

Bowman,  Sam'I 

423 

HKi 

Boyd,  T.   H 

82,  80,  331 

.->;!S 

Boyd,  W.  C, 

269 

<4,  12S 

Boyle,  Wilbur  l" 

308 

Branch,  Jos.  W 

376 

Breweries 

26,  42 

•J-2i'< 

Brick  and  Sewer  I'ijie 
Briggs.  Waldo 

41 

ii:{ 

492 

•K  '.1 

Bright,  Jas.  II 

557 

[.■)7 

Bright,   Win 

334 

4  IS 

Broadhead.  Jas.  O 

157 

4:iii 

Brockinan,  Phil 

222 

:<u 

Hrokaw,  .\.  Von  I, 

385 

IS 

Brown,  A.  I)    . 

Brown,  Ceo.  W                                          

82 

l!l 

218 

:i() 

Browiibacks  .                                              

90 

111 

Hrownell,   B.  H                                         

553 

111 

Hrysoii,  John  1'                                           

246 

r.M 

Buck.  M.   M 

1.55 

r.'ii 

Building    .Associations 

26 

■J7:! 

Building  Improveineiits 

94 

u;j 

Building  I'crmits 

94 

4.-):! 

Builders'    Kxchange 

8S 

:!2-J 

Burleigh,  W.J  

2ii3 

IS 

Burlington  Route 

57 

S7 

Hnscli,   .Adoliihus 

210 

oCJ 

Butler,  I'ldw 

562 

JOll 
3(l-.' 

c 

17 

C.d)le  Road,  I'irst  I'ranchise 

26.  73 

7-.'.  77 

Cairo  Short   Line 

60 

l-JS 

Cale,  Geo.  Win 

268 

'.ro 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


Calhoun,  James  I. 
Cameron,  Ed.  A 
Campbell,  Lewis 
Campbell,  James 
Campbell,  Wm.   C 
Capen,  Geo.  D 
Capital,  Home  and  I"oreign 
Carlisle,  James  I. 
Carnival  City  of  America 

Carondelet 

Cartter,  Milo  S 

Cass  Avenue  and  Fair  Grounds  Ry 

Cathedral 

Catholic  Church,  First  Dedication 

Census  of  1890 

Centenary  Church,  Corner-stone  Laid 

Central  Reserve  City,  St.  Louis  Made  . 

Chancellor,  Eustathius  .  . 

Chappell,  W.  G 

Chicago  &  Alton  R.  R 

Chicago  and  St.  Louis,  Race  Kelwecn 

Choral  Society 

Chouteau,   Auguste 

Chouteau,  Charles  Pierre         

Chouteau  Family 
Chouteau,  Pierre,  Jr 
Chouteau,    Pierre 
Christian  Brothers'  College 
Christopher,   Jacob 
Christ}-,  Andrew 
Chronicle 
Church,   Alouzo  C 
Churches  of  St.  Louis 

Church  of  the  Messiah   

Citizens  Railroad 

City  Hall  

City  Halls  Past  and  Present 

City  Limits,  Proposed  Extension  of 

Claiborne,  James  R 

Clark,  S.   H.  H 

Clearings,  Comparative  Statement 

Clear\',  Redmond 

Clover,  Ashle}-  C , , 

Clover  Leaf  Road 

Coal  Receipts  for  Ten  Years 

Cole,  Amedee  B 

Collections  of  Water  Rates 

Collins,  Martin        

Collins,  Monroe  R.  Jr. 

Collins,  R.  E 

Columbia  Building 

Columbia  Club        

Columbian  Street  Illuminations 
Columbus,  Statue  of 

Commercial  Building 

Commercial  Club 

Comparative  Health  Table 
Compton  Hill  Reservoir 
Coucerts  aud  High  Opera 
Convent  of  Sacred  Heart 


I'ACK. 

;n3 

348 

■176 

247 

,"i(;7 
7().  ;;ii) 

25 

287 

SI 

78 

43(1 

.  72,  75 

18,  124' 

17 

31 

I'.l 


•287 

46:) 

5ti 

30 

125 

...     17 

..  183 

132 

ill,  132 

134 

1 22 

4111 

139 

...   130 

..    349 

..  123 

120 

7.5 

27 

112 

7S  79 

300 

.    261 

113 

4411 

..  280 

...     61 

..     28 

•515 

.   110 

.*)35 

539 

393 

lOO 

102 


117 

.  -     97 

20,  24 

111 

109 

125 

18 


o 


Conventions  iu  St.  Louis.. 

Cook,  D.  G 

Cook,  Francis  E 

Copp,  Sam'l 

Cotton  aud  Wool 

Cotton  Belt  Road 

Cotton  E.xchange 

County  Electric  Roads 
Cox,  James 
Cram,  George  T 
Crawford,  Dugald 
Cravyford,  Hugh  .^ 
Creveling,  Wm.  C 
Crone,   Christopher 

Crow,  Waymau  

Crunden,  F.    M 

Cummings,  J.  C 

Cunningham,  li.  Jr. 


Dalton,    R.   M  

Daniel  Webster's  Visit 

Darst,  Joseph  C 

Davis,  A.C 

Davis,  John  T 
Degnan,  Patrick  H 

Dellacella,   Stephen 

Delano,   R.  J 

Dierkes,  Bernard 
Dillon,  Daniel 
Doctors  of  Medicine 
Douglas,  Walter  B 

Dowdall.J.  T 

Drach,  Chas.  \ 
Drew,  Francis  A 
Drummond,  Jas.  T 

Dry  Goods 

Duels 

Duffy,  Jos.  A 
Durant,  Geo.  1' 
Dyer,  John  M 


Eads  Bridge  and  Terminal 

Eames,  W.  S 

Earthquake :.. 

Eastou  .\venue.  Development  of 

Edenborn,  Wm  . 

Ehrhardt,  J.  G.  Dr 

Eisemau,  Benj 

Electricity,  vStreet  Cars   First  Lighted  by 
Electric  Car,  F^irst  Run  From  St.  Louis 

Elks  Club 

Ellerbrock,  H.  A 

Ellis,  Henry  G 

Episcopal  Church,  First  Erected 

Equitable  Building  ..- 

Estep,  T.  B 

Estes,  Frank  M 


nil 


PAGE. 

S4-85 

339 

232 

....  308 

49 

01 

....     20 

74,  79 

83 

202 

.     216 

335 

413 

1711 

114 


334 

."lOO 


4.".7 
111 
.500 
558 
20S 
317 
452 
300 
313 
303 
129 
414 
444 
315 
410 
321 
47 
IS 
421 
203 
123 


02 

472 

18 

75 

377 

374 

260 

114 

27 

128 

308 

555 

18 

96 

357 

497 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


571 


KwiiiK.  Mayor  \V.  I, 
Hx])Ositioii 

K 

Fagin  Bui  hi  in;; 

Fant,  Fred.  \V 

Ferry,  First  Kstablislied 
Ferguson.   I).  K 
Ferriss,  Frauklin 

Field,  Jas.  \ 

Finance  and  Haukiug 

Fire  Company,  First  in  St.  Louis 

Fire-1'roof  Structures  . 

Fisher,  Cleves  S 

Fisher,  Dan.  D 

Fisse,  W.  R 

Fit/.gibbon,  James 
Flitcraft,  I'embrook  R 

Floods 

Force,  Houston  T 

Forster,  O.  R 

Fordyce,  Sam.  W 
Foster,  R.  M 
Font,  I'red.  \V 
Francis,  D.  R 
Franciscus,  Jas.    .M 
Franciscus,  J.  M.  Ji 
French,  Piuckuiy 

Frost,  D.   M 

Fruin,  J   

Fniikhouser,  R.  M 
I'urniture  and  Chairs 
[■'nrnilure  Hoard  of  Tiade 

o 

G.iin  on  Kastern  Cities  iu  Thirty  Years 

Gaieniiie,  Frank      

Gale,  .Vrthur  H 

Ganahl,  John  J 

Garrison,    I  >.  R 

Garrison,  O.   I. 

Garesche,  .V.  J.  1' 

Garesche,   V..  .\.  H 

Gas  Companies  and    Hanking 

Gauss,  Chas.  F 

Gay  lord,  S    A 

Gehner,  August 

Gibson,  C.  R 

Gibson,  Sir  Chas 

Glasgow,  \Vm.  C 

lilenny,  John 

Glogau,  Rmile  W 

Goldman,  J.  D 

Gordon,  John  S 

Gottschalk,  Fred 

Gould,  Jay 

Grand  .\veuue  Bridge 
Granite  Streets 

Graves,  S.  C 

Greeley,  Carlos  S 


p.\GE. 
106 

!),S 

40S 

17 


Greene.  V .   S 
Greenwood,  Moses  Jr 
Gregg,  \V.   H 
Griswold,  J.  L 
Grocery  Trade 


H 


17S 

Haarstick,  Hy.  C 

l".il 

Haase.  Chas 

.-,:!4 

Hagan,  Oliver  L 

!S'.l 

Hagerman,  James 

18 

Half-Million  Buildings,  Twenty-Si.\ 

97 

Ilanunett,  Benj.  F 

321 

Handlan,  A.  H.  Jr 

:;66 

Hardware 

ii;7 

HarmouieClub 

(41 

Harper,  John  G 

.-)U7 

Harris.  \Vm.  T 

17.  I'.l 

Harrison.  James 

52 1 

Harrigau,  I^aurencc'  

:;:;i 

Hartley,  \Vm.  11 

251 

Haiick,  Louis 

43U 

Hauck,  R.  F 

408 

Hay  del,  1".   L 

.108.  175 

Haydock,\V.  T 

14!l 

Hayes,  Jos.  M 

;i42 

Haynes,  John  I 

;}4o 

Hays,  Chas.   M 

277 

Healthiest  I,ari;e  Cily  in   the  Wurld 

•")27 

Hebrew  Churches 

:i:i7 

Heckel,  Geo.  P 

30 

Hellmuth,  Phil.  F 

:;o 

Heller,  Michael  J 

Hereford,  J.  V, 

Herthel,  Adolpli 

:il 

Hezel,   Walter  M 

82,  8ti.  KiS 

Hibbard.  11.  W 

42(1 

Hicmenz,  Hy.  Jr 

4:;o 

Higdon,  John  C 

i:!7 

Highest  Building  in  St.   Louis 

Kill 

High  .'•'cliool 

2110 

Hill.  H.   :\i 

2117 

Hills.   \V.   G 

sit 

Hoffman.   Sam'l 

]  85 

Holnian,  JL  L 

:!:;2 

Holthaus,  Louis  J 

82,  301  i 

Horse-Cars,  Last  Run  DownTmvu 

33.3 

Hospes,  R 

183 

Hotels  of  the  City 

312 

Hough,  W 

402 

Houser.   Dan.  M 

41)3 

Howe,  R.  W 

4110 

Hughes,  C.  11 

121 

Hughes,  Wni.  V. 

4i;i 

Humphrey,  F.  W 

iir, 

Hunicke.  Robert 

112 

llunicke,  \V.  G 

20,  24,  20 

Huppert,  W.   IC 

41)5 

Huse,  \Vm.  L 

140 

Hutchinson,  R.  R 

P.\GE. 
502 

249 

238 

223 

47-48 


250 
524 
.507 
271 
100 
31S 
509 

48 
127 
505 
120 
133 
389 
401 
568 
551 
4.54 
417 
171 
471 
560 
110 
125 
395 
459 
45R 
352 
320 
524 
253 
515 
4.50 

lis 
122 
555 
514 
442 
432 
173 


111 


198 
128 
520 
250 
312 
240 
309 
187 
487 
;;._>7 

544 

200 
3(;5 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


I 

Illuiniiiatioiis  

Incorporation  of  St.  l.ouis 

Indians 

Iron  Industries 

Isaacs,  H.  G  : 

Ives,  Halsey  C 


J 

Jacksonville  Southeastern 

Jacobson,  Heury  

James,  F.  I., 

Jannopoulo,  D 

Jefferson  Barracks 
Jockey  Club,  First  in  the  Cilv 
Jockey  Club,  St.  Louis 
Johnson,  C.  V 

Johnson,  Moses   P 

Jones,  Geo   V 
Jones,  W'ni.  C 
Jones,  Jas.  C 
Jones,  Breckiiiri(lj;c 

Joy,  Chas.  F 

Juilson,  Fred.  N 


Iv 

Kainie,  Jas.  V. 
Keber,  J.  I? 
Kehlor,  Jas.  B.  M 

Kenua,  PM.  D  

Keunard,  Samuel  M 
Kershaw,   J.  M 
Kilpatrick,  Claude 
King,  Goodman 
Kingsland,  L.  D 
Kiusella.  \V.  J 
Kinealy,  Michael 
Kinealy,  J.  R 

Kirchuer,  A.  H 

Klein,  Jacob 
Koenig,  Wm 
Krauss,  John 
Kueuzel,  Andrew 
Kurtzeborti,   Aug 

L 

Laclede  Building 

Lafayette  

■  Laidley,  Leonidas  H 
Lange,  Wm.  B 

Lange,  A.   P 

Langenberg,  Fred.  J 

Largest  Brewerj' 

Largest  Brick  Factories 
Largest  Exclusive  Carpet  House 
Largest  Horse  and  Mule  Market 
Largest  Hardware  Establishment 
Largest  Inland  Shoe  Distributing  Point 
Largest  Jail  F'actory 


M.  Nil 


S-J.  S7 


P.^GK- 
20 

IS 
17 

ic,:! 
Mil 


541 
34o 
.540 

18 

IS 

127 

.54!) 
3(iG 
3!)7 
3(54 
2G.5 
522 
219 


3S3 

:so4 

212 

20S 
,  lt)(> 
4r,!l 
.501 
S3 
284 
285 
337 
343 
413 
2!I2 
42S 
485 
445 
560 


!t7 

IS 

328 

462 

544 

478 

21) 

2!l 

52 

52 

52 

52 

2!) 


.argestjean   Factory   

,argest  Order  for  .Steam  Railroad  Cars 

.argest  Shot  Tower  in  .America 

.argest  Stamping  Plant  

.argest   Shoe  Factory 

,;irgest  Terra  Cotta  Factory 

.argest  Tobacco  F'actory 

.argest  Tobacco  Output 

^argest  Woodenware  Factory 

vargest  White  Lead  Factory 
Largest  Woodenware   KIstablislniienI 
asher,  Rob.  E 

vaughlin,  Hy.   D 

.aw  Library      

.awreuce,  J.  J  

..ead  Industry 
Lebreclit,  Jno.  C 
Lee,  Bradley  I) 

■^eighton,  Geo.  E 

^ewis,   Bransford 

.ewis,  J.  M 

.ewis,  Martrom  D 
ewis.  Merriweather 

.ibraries,  Public  and   Private 

.iederkrauz , 

Jggett,  J.   E 

^iguest,   Pierre  Laclede 

.indell  Hotel 

.indell  Railway 

.ink,  Theo.  C 

.indsley,  DeC.   U 

.indsle}-,  DeC.  K.  Jr 

.ioiiberger,  J.  R 

.ive  Stock  Interests 

.ivingstoue,   Robert   K 
Lock  wood,  R.  J 

.ong,  E.  H 

.ongan,  Ed.  E 

.ouisville  &  Nashville  Raili  o  id 

.ubke,  Geo.  W 

.ucas,  Charles 

.ucas,  James  II 

.ucas,  J.  B.  C 

■^udiugtou,  Francis  H 

.udwig,  Chas.  V.  F 

.uedinghaus,  Hy 

.uehrman,  Chas.  1-' 

-,utz,   Frank  J 
Lynch,  Geo.   X 


M 


McClure,  R.  P 
McCormick,  David 
McCreery,  W.  C 
McCulIagh,  Joseph  B 
McDonald,  Marshall 
McKeighan,  J.  E 
McLaran,  Rob.  L 
McNair,  John  G 
McNair,  Lib  G 


PACK. 
29 
20 
29 

•1'.) 
29 
29 


211 

29 

29 

52 

309 

:.'4S 

123 

244 

4(1 

47S 

295 

24,  82,  154 

494 

357 

472 

17 

12:; 

127 

,  32:i 
17 
I'.i 

■3,  76 
432 
358 
476 
224 

50 

45 
5(15 
245 
451 

5S 
159 

18 
112 

19 
311 
525 
392 
545 
329 
320 


72. 


426 
464 
537 
129 
51S 
294 
49(i 
4  89 
354 


GENERAL   INDEX. 


blii 


PAOK. 

Maffitt,   Charles  C , 

135 

Maliii.  James  I)     

477 

Mallinckrocit,  K     

:!2.-. 

Alanii,  George  R 

487 

Mansur,  Alvali 

540 

Manual  Training   School 

llil 

Manufactures,  (ieneral  

27-44 

Mary  Institute 

11 '.1 

Marquette  Club                                             

127 

Marshall,  Wni.  C 

317 

Martin,  John  I  . 

411 

Martin,  Kdward 

.■U4 

Martin,  Tilly  A         

529 

Marriage,  First  in  St.  I,ouis 

18 

Mason,  Isaac  M 

254 

Masonic  Charter,  I'irst   in  St.  Louis 

18 

Maxou,  John  H 

199 

Mayors  of  St.  Louis 

1(15 

Meier,  E.  F.  W 

4s;! 

Men's  Clothing 

35 

Merchants'  Bridge  and  Terminals 

27,  63-(i4 

Merchants'  I-^xchange,  History  of 

87 

Merchants'      l<:xchange,      I'residents     of 

for     Thirty 

Years 

-     88 

Mercantile  Club 

20,  126 

Mercantile  Club  Building 

lOO 

Jlercantile  Library 

101,  123 

Mersnian,  Otto  I. 

548 

Merrell,  J.   S 

173 

Merrymau,  John   I' 

471 

Methodist  Churchis 

124 

■Meyer,  C.  F.   G 

179 

Me^senburg,  Tlieo.  A 

313 

Miller,  Thos.  1' 

4.-)3 

Miller,  L.  Cass 

307 

Missouri  Bank 

IS 

Missouri  Botanical   Gardens 

117 

Missouri  FMre  Company 

17 

Missouri,  Kansas  &  Texas   R    R 

58 

Missouri  Pacific  .System 

59 

Missouri  Railway  Comp.uiy 

71,  74.  75,  77 

Missouri  Territory 

IS 

Mobile  &  Ohio  R.  R. 

fio 

Moffitt,  John  S 

82,  211 

Money  Center,  St.  Louis  as 

93 

Moouey,  Fletcher  D 

511 

Moore,  W.  G 

518 

Morris,  Thos. 

558 

Morgan,  George  II 

88 

Morton,  Turner  B 

390 

Mott,   Fred.   W 

533 

Mulbinphy  Bank 

19 

Municipal  Finances 

114 

Municipal  Credit                                   

115 

Municipal  Development                      

1115 

Municipal  Street  Sprinkling 

III 

Murphy,   M.  J 

1('7 

Mur])hy,  Jos 

490 

Murphy  David 

4ti7 

Museum  of  Imuc  Arts 

119 

N 

Najiton,  C.  McC 

Nasse,  Aug 

Xelson,  Lewis  C 

Nelson,  W.  P . 

New  Buildings,  Number  of 

New  Buildings,  Quality  of 

New  St.  Louis,  How  It  Was  Created 

New  Planters'  House 

New  Route  to  Alton 

New  Union  Station,  Description  of 

Newspapers  

New  Water- Works 

New  Water- Works  at  Chain  of  Rocks 

Nicholls,  C.  C 

Nicholson.    Peter 
Nidelet,  J.  C 
Niemann,  Gus.  W 

N'ies,  John  A 

Nolker,  W.  F 

Noouan,  E.  A 
Noonan,  Robert  M 
Noonday  Club 
Normal  .School 
Normile,  J.  C 

o 

O'Hara,   Henry 

O'Reilly,  Thomas 

O'Reilly,  M.   B 

O'Shea,  Jos.  M 

O'.SulIivan,  John 

Odd  Fellows,  b'irst  Lodge  Ivstablished 

Odd  F'ellows'   Building 

Office  Buildings,   l-'ire-Pr.  o'^ 

Oklahoma  and  .St.  Louis 

Oliver,  I'ielding 

Omnibus  Lines 

<  )pi),  Fred 

Orr,  Isaac  H 

Orr,  Wm.  A 

Orrick,  John  C 

( )rthwein,  Chas.  I" 

t)ttofy,  L.  Frank 

Overall,  John  II 


Palmer,  D.  M 

Parks  of  St.  Louis 

Parks.  Transportation  to 

Parochial  Schools  and  Colleges 

Pattison,  Hugh  T 

Pauly,  P.  J 

Paxson,  Alf.  A 

Peckham,  O.  H 

People's  R.   R 

Peterson,    L 

I'liilharmonic  Society 
Pike,  Sherman   B 
I'irii-.  .\nilrcw  II 
Planters  Hotel 


PACK. 

307 

374 

.  202 

498 

95 

95 

20  27 

27,  81,  S4,  ]O0 

G5 

66-68 

129 

27 

.  no 

522 

192 
355 

:;i7 

319 

338 

(;9,  112.  274 

.303 

99 

122 

352 


459 
.•!.-)9 
421 
114 
424 

19 

97 
20,  90 

40 
203 

70 
390 
499 
505 
302 
252 
359 
220 


511 

117 

122 
365 
530 
299 
3S0 
72 
474 
125 
.471 
4ti4 
3,  27,  81,  84,  100 


574 


GENERAL    INDEX. 


Piatt,  Henry  S 

Pollard,  Heury  M 

Pollmaii,  H.  C    

Polytechnic  Building 

Pontiac - 

Population,  Largest  Within  Five  Hundred  Miles 

dius 

Porter,    Wm 

Porter,  Robert  D.,  Superintendent  of  Census,  on 

Louis 

Post-Dispatch 

Prather,  J.  G 

Prange,  Fred.  \V 

Presbyterian  Church,  F^irst  Erected 

Presbyterian  Churches 

President  Cleveland,  Visit  of 

Priest,   Heur\-  S 

Prosser,  Thos.  J 

Public  School  System  —  

Public  School,  Free  System  Created 

Pull  is,  Aug  -  

Pullis,  T.  R 


PAGE. 

368 
276 
532 
118 
17 
Ra- 

45 
054 
St. 
32,  53 

130 

270 

:!'.I2 

18 

124 

88,  111 

204 

55b 

120 

11) 

415 

416 


o 


Ouerl,  Chas.   F 


R 

Railroad  Conventions 

Railroads  Centering  in  St.  Louis 

Railroad  Supplies 

Railroads,  F'orecast  in  1849 

Railroad  Growth  in   Ten   Years 

Railroad  and  River  Facilities 

Ralph,  Julian,  on  St.  Louis 

Ramsey,  Charles  K 

Randall,  J.  Harry 

Rapid  Transit,  The  F'ight  for. 

Rapid  Transit,  History  of 

Rapid  Transit,  Influence  of - 

Rapid  Trausit  and  Property  Values 

Realty  Values  .  9, 

Reis,  Hy.  F 

Republic 

Retail  Center,  St.  Louis  as  a 

Reyburn,  Valle  B 

Reynolds,  Thos.  F 

Reynolds,   Mat.  G   . 

Rialto  Building 

Richardson,  J.  Clifford.. 

Richardson,  William  C 

Richardson,  Jack  P 

Riesmeyer,  Louis  T 

River  Improvements 

Rivers,  Arrivals  and  Depaitures  for  Twenty 

Robinson,  A.  C 

Robinson,  E.  C 

Rock   Church 

Rohan,  Phil 

Rombauer,  Rod.  E 
Rood,  Horace  E 


474 


19 
56 
38 
54 

53 

..  53-79 

25,  45,  53,  S3 

.  458 

340 

22 

70 

78 

.  78 

1,  102,  103,  104 

512 

.  130 
55 
298 
403 
280 
101 
186 
366 

400 

.326 

.   27,  89 

Years 70 

282 
407 
124 
480 
344 
396 


Roos,  Leonard  .. 
Root,  Aug.  K 
Rosenheim,  .\\l.  F 

Rowse,  E.  S 

Rowell,  Clinton  S 
Rutter,  Wra.  .\ 
Rutledge,  Robt 
Ryan.O'Neil 
Ryan,  Frank  K 


.St.  .\nge  de  Bellerive    

St.  Louis  Clearing  House 
.St.  Louis  Club        . 
St.  Louis  Railroail 

St.  Louis  Sketch  Club 

St.  Louis  Theater  Corner-Stone  Laid 

St.  Louis  Transfer  Co 

,St.  Louis  University 

Saddlery  and  Harness  . 

Samuel,  Webster  M 

Sauerbrunn,  Geo 

Scheer,  Jacob 

Scheme  and  Charter 

Schlegel,  Robert  K 

Schmidt,  Hy.  A 

Schnelle,  August  H 

School,  First  English  in  St.  Louis  . 

School  of  Fine  .^rts 

School  Trustees  First  Appointed 

Schvvarz,  Dr.  Henry 

Schott,   August  H 

Schotten,  Hubertus    

Schuuman,  C.  H 

Schraubstadter,  Carl  G 

Scott,  Thos.  A 

Scruggs,  R.  M 

Scudder,  Chas 

Scudder,  F.lisha  G 

Scudder,  Jas.  W 

Scullin,  John  

Second  Baptist  Church 

Security  Building 

Shapleigh,  A.  F 

Shapleigh,  A.  L 
Shapleigh,  J.   B 

Shaw,  Henry 

Shelton,  Theodore 
vSherwood,  .\diel 

Shultz,  J.  A.J 

Simmons,  .S.  W  

Simpson,  Wm.  S 

Skinker,  T.  K 
Smith,  A.  J 

Smith,  Ford  

Smoke  .Abatement  Association 

Social  Advantages 

Soldan,  Frank   L 

Southern  Hotel  

South  St.  Louis  Railwav 


p.\GE. 

410 

.  420 

440 

207 

290 

391 

487 

....  262 

347 


12 


IS, 


119 

19 

72 
122 

39 
170 
45(; 
412 

20 
311 
563 
411 

IS 
119 

IS 
340 
415 
3S8 
521) 
447 
.")(!(; 
1114 
162 
193 
406 
242 
124 

99 
150 
513 
343 
117 
2S2 
277 
448 
538 
404 
302 
160 
517 
116 
115 
289 
128 


GENERAL  INDEX. 


576 


Spanish  Club - 

vSpaunhorst,  Henry  J 

Spelbrink,  Louis 

Spencer,  H.  N 

Spiegelhalter,  J 

Stanard,  E    O  

Star-Sayings  

Stark,  Chas.  B 

Steamboat,  First  to  Reach  St.  I,ouis 

Steeilman,  I.  G.  W 

Stevens,   A.  T 

Stewart  A.  C 

Stifel,  Otto  F 

Stoddart,  Thos.  A 

Stoffel,  R.  J 

Stoves  and  Ranges 

Straub,   Aug.   W 

vStreet  Cars,  First  Run 

Street  Car  JIanufacturers 
Street  Illumiuatious 

Street  Paving 

Street  Railroads,  1892-93  Compared 

Street  Railroads,  First  Trip 

Suburban  Railroad 
Summer  Gardens 
Swasey,   W.  Albert 
Swift,  Wm.  H 

T 

Talty,  J.  A 
Tausey,  Geo.  J 
Tansey,  R.  P 
Taussig.  Geo.  W 
Taylor,  D.  S 
Tavlor,  Isaac  S  -- 
Teichmaun,  Chas.   M 
Ten  Broek.  G.  H 

Terry,  J.  H 

Thalmann,  B 

Theaters 

The  Burlington  Bridges 

Thom])son,  Wm.  H 

Thompson,  Geo.  H 

Thoroughman,  Thomas 
Tobacco  and  Cigars 
Tower  Grove  Park 

Trade  With  Mexico 

Trade  and  Commerce 

Traffic  Commission 

Transfer  System,  Introduction  of 

Trinity  Cliurch 

Tuholski,  Herman 

Turner,  T.  T i 

Turner,  John  W .' 

Turner  Building 

Tutt,  Thos,  !•; 


PAGE. 
S7 

5.")2 

501 

531 

559 

159 

130 

350 

IK 

.  228 

,       485 

220 

344 

386 

371 

3'.l 

174 

l!i 

38 

.SO,  81,  82 

1(16 

72.  77 

71 

74 

162 

481 

482 


.  .  281 
82,  190 
5r.l 
.-,4it 
146 
:!!):! 
461) 
371 
564 
126 
6.5 
177 

:;7ii 

4:: 

117 
. . 37  47 


..45-.52 

-27,  87 
76 
121 
204 
2('0 
181 


Union  Club 

Union  Trust  Building 

Union  Depot,  Old 

Union  Depot  Railway  . 

United  States  Bank 

University  Club 


V 


Valle,  Jules  V  —  . 

Valliant,  L.   B 

Vandalia  Railroad 

Veiled  Prophet 

Viernow,  Gus.  M.... 
Vogel,  Chas.  F 


I'.\GE. 
127 

98 

20 

72,  77 

18 

127 


339 

301 

61 

20,  23,  79 

434 

438 


w 


Waiuwright    Building 

Walbridge,  Cyrus  P 

Walsh,  Julius  S 

Walsh,  Edward 

Walker,  D.  D 

Walker,  Robt 

Ward,  Thos.  J 

Warner,  Chas.  G 

Washington  University  Chartered 

Washington  Observatory      

Waterbouse,  Sylvester 
Water- Works,  First  iu  City 

Water  Service,  History  of 

Water  Commissioners,  Board  of 

Watson,  Howard 

"  We  Have  Moved  " 

Wehner,  Chas.  E 

Wells,  Erastus 

Wells,   RoUa  . 

Wenneker,  C.  1' 

Wenzlick,  Alljen 

West,  Thos.  H 

West,  St  ill  man   A 

Westliche  Post 

Wetmore,  M.  C  -  . 

Wheat  and  Grain 

Whittemore,  F.  C 

Whittemore,   R.  B 

Whitaker,  Edwards 

Whitman,  Chas.  Ed 

Wilkerson,  Edward 

Williams,  E.   F 

Woerner,  J.  G 

Wolff,  Geo.  P 

Wolff,  Ed.  B 

Wvcth,  11.  B 


19 


71 


101 


^' 


117        Veatmaij,  J;is.  E 


100 
242 
153 
151 
VM\ 
305 
443 
261 
lis 
119 
233 
18 

108 
109 
402 
130 
379 
141 
3(13 
504 
403 
226 
399 
1.30 

82-84 
50 
396 
382 
.-)09 
255 
254 
230 
197 
433 
231 

..  401 


188 


35^'' 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA  LIBRARY 

Los  Angeles 

This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stantped  below. 


OCT  3  1  1989 


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